2023年中考英语复习模块一语法专题探究第六章　形容词和副词课件(共65张PPT)

(共65张PPT)
模块一 语法专题探究
第六章　形容词和副词
01
课表语法导图
02
考点精讲精练
03
语法分层演练
语境导入
The City Library is the place I like most because it has ①enough books for me to choose from.Last weekend, I felt a little ②bored, so I went to the library to find ③something interesting．At last, I borrowed a ④new novel.However, the book isn't ⑤interesting enough．I didn't finish reading it.
1
形容词的用法
Step 1　明确形容词的句法功能
(1)修饰名词，往往用形容词作定语(如①和__________)。
(2)可以在系动词之后用作表语(如__________和⑤)。
(3)在感官类或“使役动词(keep, find, feel, think, make等)＋宾语”之后，形容词可以作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态(如③)。
④
②
Step 2　明确形容词在句中的位置
(1)形容词修饰名词，通常放在名词 __________(之前/之后)(如①和④)。
(2)形容词修饰something, anything, nobody, everyone等复合不定代词时，形容词放在这些不定代词 __________(之前/之后)(如③)。
(3)enough作形容词修饰名词时，放在名词前面或后面都可以(如①)；enough作副词用时，放在被修饰词后(如⑤)。
之前
之后
考点精析
1．形容词的分类
根据其构成，形容词可分为简单形容词和合成形容词。
(1)简单形容词：kind, green, interesting, beautiful, necessary, comfortable, sunny等。
(2)合成形容词
①数词＋名词＋形容词：a ten meter wide river一条十米宽的河，a five year old girl一个五岁的女孩
②形容词/数词＋名词＋ ed：a middle aged man一位中年男子，a warm hearted girl一个热心肠的女孩
③形容词/副词＋v ing形式：a good looking man一位相貌英俊的男子，an easy going woman一位随和的女士，a hard working student一个勤奋的学生
④形容词/副词＋v ed形式：a well known writer一位著名的作家，new born babies新生婴儿，low paid workers挣钱少的工人
⑤名词＋v ed形式：a man made lake一个人工湖，a heart broken girl一个伤心欲绝的女孩
2． ed形容词和 ing形容词的区别
ed形容词 指人对事物的感受，常译为“感到……的”，主语一般是人 bored, interested, excited, tired, worried, pleased等
ing形容词 指事物对人的影响，主语一般是物 boring, interesting, exciting, tiring, worrying, pleasing等
3.形容词词义辨析
形容词词义辨析是广东中考完形填空的必考题。主要考查语境辨析，要求考生能通过对上下文的理解，选择合适的词汇。
考点1分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022温州)Everybody, please keep ________.It's not allowed to make any noise in the reading room.
A． fit　　　 B．warm　　　
C．dry　　　 D．quiet
D
(　　)2.(2022广西)—Laura is a ________ girl.
—I think so.She is only 3, but she isn't afraid of singing in public.
A．clever　 B．serious　
C．brave　　 D．careful
C
(　　)3.(2022无锡改编)—Cindy, can I look at your notebook It looks special.
—Sorry.I usually write down ________ in it.
A．pleasant something　 B．private something
C．something pleasant　　 D．something private
D
(　　)4.The ________ news made him ________.He didn't fall asleep until midnight.
A．exciting; excited　　 B．exciting; exciting
C．excited; excited　　　 D．excited; exciting
A
5．It's _______________ for me to finish so much work in such a short time.You must give me two more days.
6．I'm a shy girl.I always feel __________ when I answer the question in class.
7．If you are tired and __________， you can go to bed now.
impossible/hard
nervous
sleepy
再提能力——小语篇训练(完形填空)
Most teenagers live such a busy life now that they often forget to think about their health.
During teenage years, giving the body the energy that it needs is very __8__.Teenage girls need about 2，200 calories(卡路里) a day while the boys need about 2，800 calories.You also need to drink about 6 to 8 glasses a day.Drinking __9__ water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.
(　　)8.A.importantB．hard C．different　　D．interesting
(　　)9.A.short B．cleanC．little　　　 D．enough
A
D
In addition, exercise is something that can help you.When you exercise, your body produces something that makes you feel __10__．It can even help you sleep better at night and let you pay more attention when you study!
(　　)10.A.interested　　 B．afraid　　　　　
C．relaxed　　 D．worried
C
2
副词的用法
语境导入
I had an ①especially interesting summer holiday with my parents in a small village.Life ②there was full of joy.I learned how to ride horses ③__________(successful).But I ④hardly dared to ride it when it ran ⑤very quickly.My parents ⑥often took a walk after dinner.⑦__________(clear), they enjoyed life there.Now I am lying on my bed, missing that period of time.
successfully
Clearly
Step 1　根据上下文用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
Step 2　明确副词的句法功能
副词在句中一般作状语，修饰形容词(如①，especially修饰interesting)、名词(如②，there修饰life)、动词(如③④⑥)、副词(如⑤)，或整个句子(如⑦)。
Step 3　明确副词在句中的位置
(1)修饰名词和实义动词(及其宾语)通常放在被修饰词后(如②和③)；
(2)修饰形容词和副词通常放在被修饰词前(如①和⑤)；
(3)修饰句子通常放在句首或句末(如⑦)；
(4)程度副词和频率副词一般放在be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，实义动词之前(如④和⑥)。
考点精析
1．常见副词的分类
分类 例子
频率副词 always, hardly, usually, often, sometimes
程度副词 very, much, almost, nearly, enough, only
地点副词 here, there, home, nearby, outside
时间副词 ago, before, now, just, ever, today
分类 例子
方式副词 quickly, slowly, fast, carefully
疑问副词 when, where, how, why
连接副词 however, besides, how (to do)
关系副词 why, where, when
2.形容词变副词的规律
情况分类 构成方法 例子
①大多数情况 直接加 ly careful—carefully; quick—quickly; polite—politely
②辅音字母加 le结尾 去e加 y terrible—terribly; possible—possibly; gentle—gently
③辅音字母加 y结尾 变y为i，再加 ly angry—angrily; heavy—heavily; happy—happily
④形容词与副词同形 / fast, early, hard, high, straight
⑤其他情况 / true—truly; full—fully
lovely, friendly, lonely, ugly等虽然是以 ly结尾，但是是形容词。
3．同根副词
有些副词有两种形式，一种形式与形容词相同；另一种形式是在形容词后加 ly，这两种形式的副词意义有所区别。
adj.& adv. 词义 adv. 词义
hard 困难的；努力地 hardly 几乎不
deep 深的； 在深处 deeply 非常；深刻地
wide 宽的；充分地 widely 广泛地；普遍地
adj. & adv. 词义 adv. 词义
near 距离近；在附近 nearly 几乎；差不多
late 迟到；迟；晚 lately 最近；近来
high 高的；在高处 highly 很；赞赏地
4.副词词义辨析
副词词义辨析是中考完形填空的必考题。主要考查语境辨析，要求考生能通过对上下文的理解，选择合适的词汇。
考点2分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022天津)Although he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A．nearly　　 B．always　　
C．often　　 D．never
D
(　　)2. 易错点(2022达州)—Jessica, it's raining ____ outside.
—Oh, you should be ________ when you drive to work.
A．hard; careful　　 B．hardly; careful
C．hard; carefully D．hardly; carefully
(　　)3.(2022十堰)If you want to go to university, you should take your schoolwork ________.
A．truly　B．slowly　 C．seriously　 D．possibly
A
C
(　　)4.Amy did very well in her report.She is ________ to pay attention to every detail.
A．enough careful　　
B．careful enough　
C．enough careless　　
D．careless enough
B
5．At first, I didn't get used to the life here.But a few months __________， I fell in love with the city.
6．—Excuse me, could you please tell me __________ the band begins playing this afternoon
—At three o'clock.
7．Do your homework right __________．Don't watch TV anymore.
later
when
now/away
再提能力——小语篇训练(完形填空)
My brother and I often fought with each other when we were young.Our parents never found a way to deal with it __8__．They couldn't understand why we had so much to fight.__9__，
(　　)8.A.hardlyB．carelessly　C．successfully　D．foolishly
(　　)9.A.FinallyB．Bravely　 C．Excitedly　 D．Safely
C
A
they gave up saying anything, just watching us fight.And they found that we could always make it up very __10__．So don't worry too much about your kids' fighting.It might be a good way for them to be closer.
(　　)10.A.angrily　　　 B．quickly　　　
C．especially　　 D．terribly
B
2
形容词和副词的比较等级
语境导入
There are three people in my family: my father, my mother and I．My mother is ①________(short) and ②__________(thin) than my father.My father is much ③________(nice) and always the ④__________(happy) of us three.However, my father is becoming ⑤_____(fat) and fatter.He is quite ⑥______ (worried) because the fatter he is, the ⑦__________(likely) he is to be ill.
shorter
thinner
nicer
happiest
fatter
worried
more likely
Step 1　根据上下文用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
Step 2　明确形容词、副词有三个等级，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。没有比较的对象时，用原级；两者相比时，用比较级；三者或三者以上相比时，用最高级。
考点精析
1．形容词、副词比较等级的规则变化
规则 例子
①单音节词和部分双音节词的比较级加 er，最高级加 est short—shorter—shortest；slow—slower—slowest
②以字母e结尾的单音节词比较级加 r，最高级加 st nice—nicer—nicest；cute—cuter—cutest
③以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，先变y为i，比较级再加 er，最高级再加 est happy—happier—happiest；
early—earlier—earliest
④重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写结尾的辅音字母，比较级再加 er，最高级再加 est big—bigger—biggest；thin—thinner—thinnest；
fat—fatter—fattest；hot—hotter—hottest
⑤多音节词(含3个或3个以上元音音素)和部分双音节词的比较级在原级前面加more或less，最高级加most或least slowly—more slowly—most slowly；
interesting—more interesting—most interesting；
expensive—less expensive—least expensive
2.形容词、副词比较等级的不规则变化：
口诀 原级 比较级 最高级
两多 many/much more most
两好 good/well better best
两坏病 bad/badly/ill worse worst
口诀 原级 比较级 最高级
一老 old elder(家庭中表年长的) eldest
older(岁数大；东西旧) oldest
一少 little less least
远距离 far farther(距离远) farthest
further(距离远；程度深) furthest
3.原级比较的常见句型
句型 含义 例子
①A＋谓语＋as＋原级＋as＋B A和B一样…… He is as tall as his brother.
②A＋谓语＋not as/so＋原级＋as＋B A不如B…… Lesson 1 is not as difficult as Lesson 2.
4.比较级的常见句型
句型 含义 例子
①A＋谓语＋比较级＋than＋B A比B更…… Health is more important than wealth.
②Which/Who＋谓语＋比较级， A or B？ A和B哪个更……？ Which is better, tea or coffee？
③A＋谓语＋less＋原级＋than＋B A不如B…… The green coat is less expensive than the red one.
句型 含义 例子
④比较级＋and＋比较级(单音节形容词) 越来越…… She grows taller and taller.
⑤more and more＋原级(多音节形容词) 越来越…… Our lives are becoming more and more colorful.
⑥the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……，就越…… The harder you study, the better you will be at your lessons.
⑦the＋比较级＋of the two… 两者中比较……的一个 He is the heavier of the two boys.
⑧否定词＋a/an＋比较级＋名词单数 没有更……的…… I haven't seen a better movie before.(言下之意：这个最好)
比较级前可用far, much, a lot, a little, a bit, even等词修饰，表示程度。如：
Li Jun is far/much/a lot stronger than Li Ming.李军比李明强壮得多。
5．最高级的常见句型
句型 含义 例子
①the＋最高级＋of/in/among… 在……中最…… Lisa runs the fastest in her class.
②Which/Who＋谓语＋最高级， A, B or C？ A, B和C，哪个最……？ Who runs fastest, Jack, John or Mike？
③one of＋the＋最高级＋名词复数 最……之一 Tom is one of the best football players in his school.
④the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词单数 第几……的…… The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
最高级有时可以用比较级句型表示，但要注意搭配。如：
Shanghai is the largest city in China.＝Shanghai is larger than any other city (any other＋单数) in China.(上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围)＝Shanghai is larger than the other cities (the other＋复数) in China.(上海和其他城市都属于中国，同范围)
区别：Shanghai is larger than any city (any＋单数) in India.上海比印度的任何城市都要大。(这里上海是中国的，而其他城市是印度的，所以它们的范围不同)
考点3分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022海南)—Lucy, I'm poor at English.Could you give me some advice
—You can speak it as ________ as possible.
A．much　　　 B．more　　　
C．most　　 D．many
A
(　　)2.(2022鄂州)—Which do you like ________， Chinese or English
—Chinese.
A．good　 B．well　 C．better　 D．best
(　)3.(2022遂宁)Good luck belongs to hard working people.________ you work, the luckier you will be.
A．The harder　　 B．Harder　　
C．The hardest　　 D．The hard
C
A
(　　)4.(2022江西)—Who do you think will win the race, Bob or Tom
—It must be Bob.I think he runs ________.
A．faster　　 B．fastest　　　
C．more slowly　　 D．most slowly
A
再提能力——小语篇训练(完形填空)
Do you know Stanford University It's one of __5__ universities around the world.It is also __6__ than many universities.
(　　)5.A.good　　　 B.better　　　　　 C．the best
(　　)6.A.more beautiful　 B．the more beautiful　 C．most beautiful
C
A
The tallest building at Stanford University is Hoover Tower.It's __7__ than any other building at Stanford University.On the top of the tower, visitors can have a good look at the whole school yard.
(　　)7.A.tall　　　　　 B．taller　　　　　 C．tallest
B
层级一 语法点针对训练
一、语法选择(2022中山二模改编)
From the age of eight, I had to spend most of my time with my father and two brothers in the field.Our family was __1__ poor that we had to do everything by ourselves instead of hiring(雇用) workers.
(　　)1.A.much　　　 B．so　　　　 C．enough
B
Last summer, my father was sick, but he still worked in the field as __2__ because there was too much work to do.As I looked at him moving forward very __3__ ahead of me, I thought of my own life.Would my life be the same as his in twenty years
(　　)2.A.unusual　 B．usually　 C．usual
(　　)3.A.slowly　 B．slow　 C．slower
C
A
To have a better life, we farmers are even __4__ than a horse working for men.At that time, my heart was __5__ filled with great respect for hard working farmers.This was an __6__ turning point in my life.
(　　)4.A.hard　　　 B．harder　　　 C．hardest
(　　)5.A.quickly　　　 B．quick　　　 C．quickness
(　　)6.A.unimportant　 B．importantly　　 C．important
B
A
C
While resting beside a field one day, my brothers and I decided to learn __7__ knowledge and technology.In this way, we __8__ could help ourselves and other farmers to improve the situation.
(　　)7.A.usefully　　 B．useless　　　 C．useful
(　　)8.A.probable　 B．probably　　 C．probability
C
B
This decision gave me power so that I always got __9__ grades among all my classmates when I entered university.My experience of working in the field taught me to take “being hard working” as part of my life.What's __10__， I never felt afraid in the face of difficulties.
(　　)9.A.the highest　 B．higher　　 C．high
(　　)10.A.most　　 B．more　 C．many
A
B
二、完形填空
A traveler was in a large desert, planning to walk across it in one month.Twenty days passed, and the journey had been going on well.“Soon I'll be able to walk out of this desert，” he thought __1__．
(　　)1.A.silently　　　　　 B．foolishly　　　　　 C．lazily　　　　　 D．gladly
D
But the desert was never __2__ to travelers.In a short time, there came a strong sandstorm.He hurriedly covered his head with clothes, prostrate(俯卧的) on the sand.After about ten minutes, the sandstorm stopped.He shook the clothes and stood up.
(　　)2.A.open　　　　　 B．friendly　　　　　 C．ready　　　　　 D．dangerous
B
At that moment, he found himself in a __3__ situation — the backpack with food and water was swept away by the sandstorm.It seemed __4__ for him to leave the desert without food or water.
(　　)3.A.hopeful　　　　 B．hopeless　　　　　 C．useful　　　　 D．useless
(　　)4.A.easy　　　 B．wise　　
C．impossible　 D．important
B
C
__5__， he had a pear left.He held it in his hands.“Not too __6__， at least I have a pear.I believe I can walk out of the desert.”
(　　)5.A.Carefully　　 B．Actually　　　
C．Sadly　　　 D．Luckily
(　　)6.A.bad　　　　 B．good　　　　　
C．lucky　　 D．loud
D
A
Time went by __7__， but the desert still looked endless.What's more, hunger, thirst and fear of death were __8__ around him like ghosts.However, each time he __9__ losing hope, he forced himself to stare at the pear that he had been keeping.
(　　)7.A.slowly　B．quickly　C．peacefully　D．safely
(　　)8.A.always B．Hardly C．seldom　 D．never
(　　)9.A.was interested in　 B．was bored with　　　　　 C．was close to　　 D．was satisfied with
B
A
C
A small pear became the hope for his survival.Three days later, as soon as he saw a village not far away, he laughed __10__．
Never tell yourself “nothing”．Because if you try to search, you can always find a “pear” to pull you out of trouble.
(　　)10.A.easily　　 B．surprisedly　　　
C．worriedly　　 D．excitedly
D
层级二　中考题型训练
短文填空
(2022大庆改编)With the winter vacation coming, I realized I needed to find a part time job, because I didn't want to ask my parents for money.I had imagined having a 1.__________ at a winter camp where I could play games with children.In 2.__________， the only job I could find was cleaning up tables at a local convenience store.
job
fact
At first, I wanted to give up the job 3.__________ getting up too early in the morning made me unhappy.I'll never forget how tired I felt on my first day.I'll never forget sitting together and talking about our days with my workmates for the first time 4.__________．Suddenly, I felt good to be a member of 5.__________.
After working at the convenience store for almost one year, I was used to getting up so 6.__________， because I knew there would be a few good moments there every day.
because
either
them
early
Working at the convenience store, I've learned to grow into a boy that can 7.__________ on myself and get along well with others.And I'm not the shy person that I 8.__________ to be.Meeting an impolite customer might make me feel bad, but very soon I could deal with it 9.__________ difficulty.The job has given me so much, and I can't wait to go 10.__________ to the convenience store and continue to grow from my experience.
depend
used
without
back
短文大意：本文主要讲述的是作者在寒假期间找了一份兼职工作，在一家当地的便利店擦桌子。在工作期间，由起初的不适应、不喜欢到后来适应、喜欢上了这份工作。
1．根据第一段第一句“I realized I needed to find a part time job”可知，作者要找一份工作，所以想象的是能在一个冬令营里和孩子们玩游戏的工作。
2．in fact事实上。
3．后半句解释想要放弃的原因，因此用because引导。
4．两句都是不能忘记的事情，故空格应表示“也”，否定句中的“也”用either。
6．根据第二段第一句“because getting up too early in the morning made me unhappy”可知在便利店要起非常早。
7．depend on依靠。
自我评价表
Step 1　请将你已经掌握的内容划“√”；尚未掌握的内容，请再次重点复习！
□形容词的用法　　　　　□副词的用法　　　　　
□形容词和副词的比较等级
Step 2　请为自己的学习成果打分
(1)我能运用所学语法知识，完成中考形容词和副词相关的语法题。__________分/5分
(2)我对做好形容词和副词相关的中考题有信心。______分/5分
谢谢大家！