2023年中考英语复习模块一语法专题探究第八章　代词课件(共62张PPT)

(共62张PPT)
模块一 语法专题探究
第八章　代词
01
课表语法导图
02
考点精讲精练
03
语法分层演练
语境导入
Lily: Hello, ①this is Lily.Is ②that Mike speaking
Mike: Hello, Lily.This is Mike.
Lily: ③You don't go to school today.④What is the matter
Mike: I have a bad cold.
Lily: I am sorry to hear that.Would you like ⑤some textbooks I can take ⑥them for you.
Mike: It's very kind of ⑦you, Lily.I don't need those books.I only need my notebook on my desk.
Lily: OK.By the way, there is a volleyball under ⑧your chair.Is it ⑨yours
Mike: No.It's Jim's.He wants to join the school volleyball team and is practicing volleyball to improve ⑩himself these days.
Lily: I see.Then I will give it to Jim.
新课标规定初中生需要掌握的代词包括：
(1)人称代词：主格(③)、宾格(⑥和________)
(2)物主代词：形容词性物主代词(⑧)、名词性物主代词(________)
(3)反身代词(⑩)　　(4)指示代词(①②) 　　(5)不定代词(________)　　(6)疑问代词(④)
⑦
⑨
⑤
考点精析
1
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1．形式变化表
人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
单数 she her her hers herself
单数 it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
2.用法
人称代词 ①谓语动词前面用主格，谓语动词或介词之后用宾格 ②多个代词出现的顺序：单数you, he and I；复数we, you and they We went to see them yesterday.
物主代词 ①形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，可在句中作定语，后接名词 ②名词性物主代词相当于名词，可在句中作主语、宾语和表语，其后不能接名词 This is my bag.Where is yours？
反身代词 ①在句中可作宾语、表语和同位语 ②必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己” I can finish it by myself.
形容词性物主代词不可单独使用，必须放在名词之前作定语；当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词可与own连用，表示“某人自己的”，如：our own room我们自己的房间。
3．常见反身代词短语如下：
help oneself to… 随便吃……　　　
enjoy oneself 玩得开心　　　(all) by oneself 独自地
look after oneself 照顾自己 dress oneself 给自己穿衣
hurt oneself 伤到自己
relax oneself 放松自己　 come to oneself 苏醒　
say to oneself 自言自语
teach oneself＝learn… by oneself自学 　　　　
lose yourself in sth.沉迷于；专心致志于
leave sb.by oneself将某人单独留下
考点1分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022北京)My sister is only six, but ________ can already help with some housework.
A．he　 B．she　 C．it　 D．they
B
(　　)2. 易错点(2022毕节)I began to teach ________ English when I was twenty two years old.
A．they　　　　　　　 B．their　　　　　 C．theirs　　　　　　 D．them
D
(　　)3.(2022朝阳)We took pride in ________ when we succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain finally.
A．we　　　　 B．us　　　
C．our　　　 D．ourselves
D
(　　)4.(2022营口)—Lucy, is this ________ dictionary
—No, it isn't.________ is in my bag.
A．your; Yours　 B．my; Mine　　
C．your; Mine　 D．my; Hers
(　　)5.(2022百色)The mother encourages her little son to learn to look after ________.
A．hers B．herself C．his D．himself
C
D
再提能力——小语篇训练(短文填空)
Life can't always be perfect and people don't always get what 6.__________ want.
In my English class, our teacher asked us to write and act in a play.I don't like to talk much.Unluckily, 7.__________ was chosen to play a very important role — a character who talked loudly.
they
I
You couldn't know how upset I was at that moment.My best friend noticed this and told 8.__________ that being optimistic(乐观的) makes the world look different.
It's true that life isn't always perfect, but it's up to you to make 9.__________ life better.
me
your
2
指示代词
1．this, that, these和those的用法
(1)this(单数)和these(复数)表示近指；that(单数)和those(复数)表示远指。
(2)电话交际用语：常用this指代自己，that指代对方。
(3)上下文指代：this用于指下文叙述的人、事、物等，that用于指上文提到的人、事、物等。如：
①I want to forget this: he has gone.
②I got up late.That's why I was late for school this morning.
2．it, one, that作代词的区别
it 特指上文提到的同一个事物 —I can't find my hat.Have you seen it？(指的就是上句话提到的hat，两者是同一物)
—No, I think you'd better buy a new one．(指的是hat的同类物)
one 泛指上文提到的同类事物，但非同一个(复数用ones)
that 特指上文提到的同类事物，但非同一个，可指代可数名词单数或不可数名词(指代可数名词复数用those/the ones) ①The weather in Harbin is colder than that in Guangzhou.
②The only jokes I tell are those that I hear from you.
考点2分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.—I am a little hungry, Daddy.
—See the pancakes on the plate But you can only take ________.Dinner is ready soon.
A．it　　　 B．one　　　　
C．this　　　　 D．that
B
(　　)2.—Hello, Linda speaking.Who's ________？
—Hello, this is Martin.
A．he　　　 B．one　　　　
C．that　　　　 D．this
C
再提能力——小语篇训练(语法选择)
I want to buy a car.Lucy's car looks beautiful.__3__ is made in Japan.Cars made in Germany are more expensive than __4__ made in Japan.But German __5__ seem safer.So I decide to buy a German __6__．
(　　)3.A.It　　　 B．This　　　　 C．One
(　　)4.A.these　　 B．ones　　　　 C．those
(　　)5.A.those　 B．ones　 C．these
(　　)6.A.one　 B．that　 C．it
A
C
B
A
3
疑问代词
疑问代词通常在听力/听说和阅读中考查，考生们要明白每个疑问代词问的是什么。
what “什么”，对具体内容提问，可以用于询问职业、样貌等 ①What do you like？②What is your father？
which “哪一个/哪一些”，对特定范围内的人或物提问 Which is better, this one or that one？
who “谁”，对主语、宾语或表语的人提问，但不能放在介词后 Who is the man over there？
whom “谁”，对宾语提问，可以放在介词后 ①Whom did you write to last night
②To whom did you write last night？
whose “谁的”，对所属关系提问，可以单独使用，也可以放在名词前 ①Whose is this book？②Whose book is this？
what/which后可跟名词，对姓名、颜色、时间等进行提问。如：
①What color do you like？　　　　　　　　
②Which season do you like
考点3分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022扬州)—Tell me, Grandma.________ is your favourite person in the whole world
—That's easy! It's you!
A．What　　　　 B．Who　　　
C．Whose　　　　 D．Whom
B
再提能力——小语篇训练(短文填空)
Look, this is a new telephone.2.__________ telephone is it It's Amy's.3.__________ does she look like She has a long face, small eyes and a small nose.She is a lovely girl.Do you want to be her friend
Whose
What
4
不定代词
1．不定代词的分类：
①普通不定代词：some, any, few, little, a few, a little, many, much, either, neither, each, every, both, all, other, another, the other, others, the others, no one, none等。
②复合不定代词：由some, any, every, no与 one， body和 thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。
2．几组普通不定代词的区别
(1)some和any
some 一般用于肯定句，或在一些表示建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，希望对方作出肯定回答时使用 ①There aren't any desks in the classroom, but there are some chairs in it.
②If I can help in any__way,__let me know.
any 一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，或在肯定句中表示“任何一个”，后跟单数可数名词或不可数名词
(2)many和much
many 许多，修饰或指代可数名词复数 I have many friends, but I can't find out much information about them.
much 许多，修饰或指代不可数名词
(3)few, a few, little和a little
few 几乎没，强调“没”，修饰可数名词 ①There is a__little beef but few tomatoes in the fridge.
②I have little information about him for a__few years.
a few 有一些，强调“有”，修饰可数名词
little 几乎没，强调“没”，修饰不可数名词
a little 有一点，强调“有”，修饰不可数名词
(4)all, both, either和neither
all 指三者或三者以上都 ①As the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, Beijing provided all the competitors with excellent service.
②You can choose one dress. Either of them is OK. But I think neither of them is/are in fashion.
both 两者都，修饰或指代可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数
either 两者之一，修饰或指代可数名词单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数
neither 两者都不，修饰或指代可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数(也可用复数)
all, both与not连用时，表示部分否定，意为 “并非全部”， “并非两个都”。如：
Not all the people agree with me.并不是所有人都赞同我。
(5)each和every
each 强调个体，指两者或两者以上中的每一个，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，可与of连用 Each of us has an apple.＝We each have an apple.
every 强调整体，指三者或三者以上中的每一个，不单独使用，不可与of连用 Every student is here.
(6)none和no one
none 既可指人也可指物，作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，可与of连用。常用来回答How many/much的提问 No__one can work out the problems because none of the problems is/are easy.
no one 只能指人，作主语时谓语动词用单数，相当于nobody。常用来回答who的提问
(7)another, other, the other, others和the others
another ①指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”，后接可数名词单数(有时该名词省略) ②another＋数词＋可数名词复数，“还有……” ①Can you show me another (pen)？I don't like this one.
②I've got another four questions to answer.
other 指“其他的；别的”，后可接名词单数或复数 Some students are reading.Other students are doing homework.
the other ①指两者中的“另一个”，常用结构为one… the other… ②特指“其他的；别的”，后可接名词单数或复数，一般有范围(如有具体数字时) ①I have two pens.One is red, and the other is blue.
②There are 60 students in my class.30 are girls, and the other students are boys.
others others＝other＋名词复数：泛指“其他的；别的(人或物)”，后不能接名词 I can lend you my bike, but you can't lend it to others.
the others the others＝the other＋名词复数：特指“其他的；别的(人或物)”，后不能接名词，一般有范围(如有具体数字时) He has five children.Two of them are middle school students.The others are primary school students.
3.复合不定代词的用法
(1)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Something is wrong with my car.我的车坏了。
(2)形容词或else(另外)修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。如：
something important 重要的东西　　　　　
nothing else 没有其他的
考点4分层专练
先练基础——单句训练
(　　)1.(2022黑龙江)—How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—________ is OK.It's up to you.
A．All　 B．Neither　 C．Both　 D．Either
D
(　　)2.(2022包头)Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
A．another B．other C．the other D．others
(　　)3.(2022铜仁)—What's the matter with my throat, doctor
—________.Drinking more hot water is OK.
A．Something serious B．Nothing serious C．Serious something D．Serious nothing
A
B
(　　)4.(2022连云港)There isn't ________ in the classroom.All the students are having a PE lesson in the playground.
A．somebody　 B．anybody　　
C．nobody　　　 D．everybody
(　　)5.(2022郴州)—Hurry up, or we will miss the school bus.
—Don't worry.We have ________ time.
A．few　　 B．little　　 C．a little　　 D．a few
B
C
(　　)6.(2022哈尔滨)—I need ________ school things.
—Me, too.Let's go shopping.
A．no　　　　 B．some　　　　　
C．any　　　 D．much
B
再提能力——小语篇训练(短文填空)
Failure has been a part of life since our earliest moment of life.We often think of failure as 7.__________ bad.But failure is a normal and natural part of life, which is 8.__________ bad nor good.Though not 9.__________ the effort will be successful, we should never stop trying.
something
neither
all
层级一 语法点针对训练
一、语法选择
Once there was an old man who always said bad words about __1__．One day he told everyone that __2__ neighbor, a young man, was a thief.As a result, the policemen took the young man away.__3__ days later, the young man was proven innocent(证明无辜).
(　　)1.A.another　　　 B．other　　　 C．others
(　　)2.A.he　　　　 B．his　 C．him
(　　)3.A.A little　　　 B．Few　　　　 C．A few
C
B
C
The young man was very angry and took the old man to the court(法庭).In the court the old man told the judge(法官), “I just told some jokes.I didn't harm __4__．”
(　　)4.A.someone　　　　 B．no one　　　　 C．anyone
C
The judge told the old man, “Write __5__ the things you said about him on a piece of paper.Cut __6__ up and throw the pieces of paper out on the way home.Tomorrow, come back to hear __7__ sentence(宣判).”
(　　)5.A.all　　　　 B．both　　　　 C．none
(　　)6.A.it　　　　 B．its　　　　 C．it's
(　　)7.A.you　　　　 B．your　　　　 C．yours
A
A
B
The next day, the judge told the old man, “Before the sentence, you will have to go out and look for all the pieces of paper that you threw out yesterday back.”
The old man said, “__8__ won't do that! The wind spread the pieces and I don't know where to find __9__．”
(　　)8.A.I　　　　 B．Me　　　　 C．My
(　　)9.A.they　　 B．them　　　 C．their
A
B
The judge then said, “The same way, simple jokes may do harm to a man.If you can't speak well of someone, please say __10__．”
(　　)10.A.nothing　　　　 B．something　　　　 C．everything
A
二、短文填空
Lily and Lucy were twins and they disliked Saturdays.Unlike their classmates, 1.__________ of the twins had to get up early at seven every Saturday to prepare for their lessons.Lily had to attend the art lesson and Lucy had to attend her ballet lesson.“How I wish I could do 2.__________ different today，” said the twins with one voice.
both
something
3.__________ of a sudden, an idea came to Lily and Lucy at the same time.“Do you have the same idea as me？” they asked each 4.__________ and laughed.Then they made a wonderful plan.After sharing the information of 5.__________ own friends, Lily put on Lucy's ballet dress and Lucy put Lily's brushes and paints into her bag.Then they left for their classes.
All
other
their
When the art lesson started, Lucy couldn't understand the art teacher.Unlike Lily, Lucy was poor at drawing.When the art lesson finally ended, Lucy only drew a 6.__________ simple lines.
few
In the ballet class, Lily had 7.__________ idea about the dance steps.She had to follow her classmates blindly.As a result, she kept knocking into them.The ballet teacher became impatient with 8.__________ and said, “Lucy, you should remember the basic steps.You can't depend on copying 9.__________ others are doing.”
When Lily and Lucy arrived home, they were tired out.They decided that they would never try to be 10.__________________ else that they were not.
no
her
what
anyone/anybody
层级二　中考题型训练
短文填空
(2022贺州改编) Once upon a time, two brothers lived in a village.They were both farmers and grew corn.And they both had a big family to look after.1.________________ the brothers were poor, they lived happily.
Although/Though
One year, there was a drought(干旱) and the corn didn't 2.__________ well.The two brothers collected and stored their small harvest in their barns(谷仓).
That night, the elder brother couldn't sleep.He was 3.__________ about his brother.Would he have enough grain(谷物) to feed his family At last, the elder brother went to his barn and filled a bag 4.__________ grain.Then he went silently to his 5.__________ house and secretly added the grain to his brother's pile(堆).
grow
worried
with
brother's
Every night, he did the same thing.He took some of 6.__________ own grain and added it to his brother's barn.But after a while, he noticed something 7.__________．His pile of grain never looked smaller in the morning.
his
strange
One night, he decided to find 8.__________ the reason.After it got dark, he hid near his barn and watched.He was amazed to 9.__________ his brother came near with a bag of grain.Every night the younger brother had done the same thing — taking grain from his own pile to give it to his brother.10.__________ true brotherly love it was!
out
see
What
短文大意：本文是记叙文。主要讲述了两兄弟在粮食收成不好的情况下，互相给对方送谷物的感人故事。
1．前后分句是让步关系。句意：尽管兄弟两人很穷，但是他们生活得很快乐。
3．根据上下文可知，哥哥睡不着觉，并且思考弟弟是否有足够的谷物养活家人。因此哥哥担心弟弟。be worried about担心。
4．fill… with… 把……装满……。
5．根据后半句可知，哥哥是悄悄地去了弟弟家，并偷偷把谷物放入弟弟的谷堆里。
6．one's own某人自己的。
7．根据上下文可知，哥哥每晚都把自己谷堆里的谷物拿走一些，但是早上的时候谷堆并没有变小。因此是哥哥发现了奇怪的事情。
8．find out 查明；弄清楚。
10．对不可数名词love感叹用what。
自我评价表
Step 1　请将你已经掌握的内容划“√”；尚未掌握的内容，请再次重点复习哦！
□人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法　　　
□指示代词的用法　　　□疑问代词的用法
□不定代词的用法
Step 2　请为自己的学习成果打分
(1)我能运用所学语法知识，完成中考代词相关的题目。__________分/5分
(2)我对做好代词相关的中考题有信心。__________分/5分
谢谢大家！