2023年中考英语专题 第八章 动词的时态课件(共58张PPT)

(共58张PPT)
第一部分 名师语法专题
第八章 动词的时态
01
中考动态
02
名师点拨
03
强化训练
课标要求（2022年版） 广东省卷近5年中考统计情况
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
一般现在时 √
一般过去时 √ √ √ √
一般将来时 √
现在进行时
过去进行时 √
现在完成时 √ √ √ √
中考动态
名师点拨
基础自测 限时小练·自查自纠
(限时:15min 正确率:_______/20题)
一、写出下列动词的原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词
序号 中文意思 原形 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去式 过去分词
1 等待
2 谈话
3 切； 割
4 搬运；提
5 去
6 做
7 跑
8 制造
9 放
10 躺下
wait waits waiting waited waited
talk talks talking talked talked
cut cuts cutting cut cut
carry carries carrying carried carried
go goes going went gone
do does doing did done
run runs running ran run
make makes making made made
put puts putting put put
lie lies lying lay lain
二、单项填空
（ ）1.（2022徐州）—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn't know.When __________？
A.has he left B.was he leaving
C.did he leave D.will he leave
C
（ ）2.（2022盘锦）The little boy won't go to sleep unless his mom __________ him a story.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
A
（ ）3.（2022常州）—Why didn't you open the door for me, Jim
—I __________ clothes in the bathroom.I didn't hear the knock.
A.am washing B.was washing
C.have washed D.washed
B
（ ）4.（2022安徽）—What are you saving money for
—Father's Day is around the corner.I __________ a gift for my father.
A.am going to buy B.have bought
C.bought D.was buying
A
（ ）5.（2022重庆）—Excuse me, what is Nick doing
—Look! He __________ flowers outside.
A.waters B.watered
C.is watering D.has watered
C
（ ）6.（2022武汉）—I don't think sixteen－year－olds should be allowed to drive.
—I __________.It's not safe.
A.agree B.agreed C.will agree D.had agreed
A
（ ）7.（2022天津）We hope __________ a computer on every student's desk in the future.
A.there is B.there was
C.there will be D.there has been
C
（ ）8.My father __________ the museum twice.He thinks it's worth visiting.
A.has been in B.has been to
C.has gone to D.has gone in
B
（ ）9.（2022广西）I don't know if it __________ tomorrow, but if it __________， I'll stay at home.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain
C.rains; will rain D.rains; rains
A
（ ）10.（2022北京）Jim __________ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A.learns B.learned C.will learn D.has learned
D
英语中动词的时态主要由动词的不同形式来表示，初中阶段常用的时态共六种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时。
考点精讲 重点难点·分享突破
一、动词的形式
绝大多数动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。它们的构成及变化规则详见下表。一些不规则的动词变化规则详见《早读材料》。
动词原形 不带to的动词不定式形式（也是词典中出现的形式），如：be, have, do, come
第三人称 单数形式 1.动词原形后加－s，如：run—runs
2.以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾，后加－es，如：
teach—teaches, go—goes
3.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变i, 再加－es，如：
try—tries
4.以元音字母加y结尾，后加－s，如：stay—stays
现在分词 1.动词原形后加－ing，如：read—reading
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加－ing, 如：write—writing
3.重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母再加－ing, 如：swim—swimming
4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y, 再加－ing，如：die—dying
过去式与 过去分词 1.动词原形后加－ed, 如：work—worked
2.以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变i，再加－ed，如：carry—carried
3.重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母再加－ed，如：stop—stopped
4.以e结尾的动词后加－d，如：live—lived
二、各时态的标志词及用法
1.一般现在时
2.一般过去时
3.一般将来时
4.现在进行时
5.过去进行时
6.现在完成时
三、易错点突破
1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，强调的是现在；一般过去时只表明过去的动作或状态，与现在无关。如：
He has lived in New York for eight years.
他已经在纽约住了八年了。（他仍在纽约）
He lived in New York for eight years.
他在纽约住了八年。（他现在可能不在纽约了）
2.have been to, have gone to和have been in的区别
have gone to表示“到某地去”，指去了还没有回来；have been to表示“曾经去过某地”，指现在已经回来了，后可接次数表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just, never, ever等连用；have been in表示“在某地待了多少时间”，常与表示时间段的状语连用。如：
Peter has gone to Hainan.Maybe he'll be back next month.
彼得已经去海南了。他可能下个月回来。
I have been to Xiamen many times, but I still want to go there again.我已经去过厦门许多次了，但是我还想再去那里。
They have been in Beijing for two months.
他们已经在北京待了两个月了。
3.come, go, begin, start, finish, find, die, buy, borrow, sell, leave, put on, get up, arrive, receive, become等为瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的for短语和since短语连用，也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中，需要用相应的延续性动词表示。如：
become — be　　 begin/start — be on　　
buy — have　　　　 open/close — be open/closed
die — be dead　 borrow — keep　　　　
leave — be away　　 join — be in
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空，每空词数不限
1.（2022河北改编）John is waiting for me.We __________（go） to the bookstore together.
2.While Linda is still sleeping, her mother __________（make） breakfast in the kitchen.
3.（2022十堰改编）When the teacher got into the classroom, Xiaoming ____________（read） a novel.
即学即练 对点巩固·链接中考
will go
is making
was reading
4.（2022吉林改编）—Helen, why didn't you come to the party yesterday
—Oh, I ______________________（prepare） for the speech competition.
5.Li Ping often __________（read） English in the morning.
6.I __________（see） this film before.Let's see another one.
prepared/was preparing
reads
have seen
7.When I __________（be） a kid, I often __________（sing）.
8.（2022无锡）Fan Jinshi __________（do） a lot to protect Dunhuang culture for many years.
9.He always __________（go） to work by bus last year.
10.（2022甘肃改编） We __________（have） a meeting e and join in.
was
sang
has done
went
are having
二、小语篇训练（语法选择）
China impresses the world in the year 2022.In the past months, we __11__ several important events that showed the world a strong China.During most time of February, the whole world __12__ attention to the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.Athletes __13__ bravely and encouraged people around the world with their spirits.
（ ）11.A.are seeing B.will see C.have seen
（ ）12.A.was paying B.pays C.is paying
（ ）13.A.competed B.were competing C.will compete
C
A
A
China __14__ innovating（革新） in science and technology these years.On April 16, three heroic astronauts __15__ home safely.With the Shenzhou XIV rising into space on June 5, China will continue with a further space exploration.As Chinese, we __16__ proud of our country for all these great achievements.We believe China __17__ an even brighter future.
（ ）14.A.will keep B.is keeping C.had kept
（ ）15.A.has returned B.was returning C.returned
（ ）16.A.felt B.feel C.were feeling
（ ）17.A.has had B.is going to have C.had
B
C
B
B
1.动词的时态在语法选择中的考查：关键在于准确把握上下文语境，看清时间状语标志词。
①（2022广东39题）She __________ herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should keep practicing.
A.tell B.tells C.told
对接中考 方法探究·总结规律
C
解析：句意：她告诉自己她还有很长的路要走，并且她应该一直练习。结合本段时态可知，此处应是一般过去时，故选C。
②（2021广东37题）Now, the city is hoping that the bridge __________ lots of tourists to the area.…Many tourists, they believe, will come to enjoy the fantastic experience of walking across.
A.brought B.will bring C.is bringing D.was bringing
B
解析：由Now, is hoping可知，现在正在希望的应该是将来的事情，且根据下文will come判断应是一般将来时，故选B。
③（2020广东36题）Judie thought for a moment and __________， “Butterflies.”
A.answers B.answered C.will answer D.has answered
B
解析：句意：朱迪想了一会儿，回答说：“蝴蝶。” and连接两个并列结构，根据前半句的thought可知，此处也应是一般过去时，故选B。
2.动词的时态在短文填空中的考查：因为空格处只能填一个单词，所以除了准确把握上下文语境，看清时间状语标志词外，还要看清楚空格前的助动词。
①（2022广东72题）And now it has _______________ popular in Europe and America.
become或been
解析：句子缺少谓语动词，根据空前has可知，此处应填动词的过去分词，构成现在完成时。结合句意“现在它已经在欧洲和美洲变得流行”可知应填become或been。
②（2021广东68题）His Chinese name is Pan Weilian.His Chinese friends ________ him “Lao Pan”.
call
解析：句子缺少谓语动词，且根据前句时态和逻辑可知，这是在陈述一般事实，故本句是一般现在时。call sb.sth.“把某人叫做……”，故填call。
③（2021广东69题）In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and __________as a teacher at a university.
worked
解析：空前有and，and连接两个并列的成分，and前是came to China，空格处应该是和came并列，故需要填入一个谓语动词，再根据时间状语In 1988，可知应是一般过去时，work as“工作是……”，故填worked。
④（2021广东71题）Since then, he has ______________________ thirty books about China.
written/finished/published
解析：句子缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语since then可知要用现在完成时，空格处应填动词的过去分词。通读全文可知此处是表示写/完成/出版书，可用written/finished/published。
强化训练
一、语法选择（2022广元改编）
What is the best－selling book in the world Is it the Harry Potter series __1__ Secret Garden
According to the Guinness（吉尼斯） World Records, the Xinhua Dictionary is the __2__ most popular dictionary and the best－selling book.
（ ）1.A.and B.or C.but
（ ）2.A.world's B.world C.worlds'
B
A
In 1950, Chinese language experts, Wei Jiangong and Ye Shengtao, __3__ to edit（编辑） the Xinhua Dictionary.There was a lot of discussion, research and paper work.People's Daily reported that some hand scripts（稿件） __4__ again and again like compositions.__5__ three years, with the hard work of all, the first Xinhua Dictionary finally appeared.Today, 567 million copies of the dictionary have been sold around the world.However, revisions（修订） to the dictionary go on to be made.So __6__， the Xinhua Dictionary has been revised 11 times.
（ ）3.A.started B.were starting C.will start
（ ）4.A.are checked B.were checked C.checked
A
4．稿件和动词check之间是被动关系，且主句是一般过去时，因此应使用一般过去时的被动语态。
B
In 1950, Chinese language experts, Wei Jiangong and Ye Shengtao, __3__ to edit（编辑） the Xinhua Dictionary.There was a lot of discussion, research and paper work.People's Daily reported that some hand scripts（稿件） __4__ again and again like compositions.__5__ three years, with the hard work of all, the first Xinhua Dictionary finally appeared.Today, 567 million copies of the dictionary have been sold around the world.However, revisions（修订） to the dictionary go on to be made.So __6__， the Xinhua Dictionary has been revised 11 times.
（ ）5.A.Since B.For C.After
（ ）6.A.farther B.far C.farthest
C
6．so far迄今为止。
B
In order __7__ up with the times, some popular and widely used Internet words are also added to the dictionary.For example, in __8__ 11th edition, the expressions “晒工资（show off salary）” and “晒照片（show off pictures）” were included.All these efforts have made the “National Dictionary” of China.
（ ）7.A.keeping B.to keep C.keep
（ ）8.A.a B.an C.the
7．in order to do sth.为了做某事。
B
C
The Xinhua Dictionary is so popular that it __9__ a useful tool.Not only we Chinese people use it, but also foreigners who __10__ the Chinese language and culture need it.
（ ）9.A.has become B.was becoming C.had become
（ ）10.A.were learning B.have learned C.are learning
9．句意：《新华字典》是如此受欢迎，它已经成为了一个有用的工具。
A
C
10．这里指正在学汉语和中国文化的外国人也在用，因此应使用现在进行时。
短文大意：本文介绍了世界上最畅销的书——《新华字典》。
I had too many things.My bedroom was often in a mess.I had shelves with dirty books I never 1._____________ and CDs I didn't listen to.My drawers（抽屉） were 2.__________ with clothes I never wore until one day I read a book about minimalism（简约主义）.Minimalism suggests that you only keep the most necessary and important things and throw everything else.So I started clearing out a lot of the things which I didn't use.
二、短文填空
read/touched
filled
2．be filled with充满……。
3.__________________ I knew that I would never need these things again, I still found it very difficult to throw them.My brain tried to stop me from letting 4.__________ go. “Will I use it in the future？” or “Will I be sad if I lose it？”I 5.__________ myself.
Although/Though
them
asked
3．引导让步状语从句且位于句首应用Although/Though。
5．前面列举的是作者问自己的问题，且发生在过去，应用asked。
After getting lots of things out of my room, I actually became quite excited to see the tidy room 6._______ some fresh space.The main idea behind minimalism is to cut down on 7._______ you own and really value the things you have.I have 8.___________ with many useless things.I am 9.__________ of myself for the changes.But I still own a lot of things which I don't really need.In the future, I will be more mindful of what I will buy.And I will continue to make a（n） 10.__________ to throw what I don't need.
with
what
dealt/parted
8．根据上文可知，作者处理了很多不用的东西。deal with处理；part with放弃。
proud
effort
9．be proud of为……感到骄傲。
10．make an effort做出努力。
短文大意：文章讲述了作者最初拥有很多不需要的东西，了解了简约主义后，开始慢慢清理自己的东西，发现简约主义对自己的生活有着很大的帮助。
谢谢大家！