Unit 2 How often do you exercise?语法、知识点讲解

人教版初二上册Unit 2
How often do you exercise
一、自学生词表
对于重点词汇，要求：看到英语能快速说出汉语，看到汉语能快速说出英语，会拼写，知道词性。
二、语法 频度副词
1、频度副词主要是指一定时间内动作发生的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词次，用来回答How often开头的句子。常用的频度副词及它们表示频度高低的关系是：always(总是)100%﹥ almost always (几乎总是 ) ﹥usually (通常 ) ﹥often(时常 ) ﹥sometimes (有时 ) ﹥ seldom(很少 ) / hardly ever (几乎不)﹥ never （决不）0%
一些短语也常用来表示频度，如：every ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )day/ year / week / month…, on Monday / Tuesday/ …, for ever (永远)，once / twice / three times/four times a day (一天一次/两次/三次/四次)。
2、频度副词在句中的位置：修饰动词时，放在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )实义动词之前，如果有情态动词、助动词或BE动词，则放在第一个助动词之后。修饰整个句子时，常常放在句首或句末。如：
①The boy always studies . 这个孩子总在学习。
②The boy usually gets up at 5:30 . 这个孩子通常五点半起床。
③The boy often asks for the teacher . 这个孩子时常向老师请教。
④The boy sometimes watches TV. 这个孩子有时看电视。
⑤The boy seldom plays computer games . 这个孩子很少玩电脑游戏。
⑥The boy never smokes or drinks .这个孩子从不吸烟或喝酒。
3、提问频度副词或表达频率 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的短语，用：How often + 一般疑问句？反之，回答How often开头的句子，用频度副词或表达频度的短语。如：
1）--How often do you go swimming in summer -- C .
A. at 3:00 B. very much C. very often D. tomorrow
2) They usually eat home cooking. (对划线部分提问)
How often do they eat home cooking
三、一般现在时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
一）基本用法--表示现在
1、 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
①My sister wears glasses. 我妹妹戴眼镜。
②He often goes to the cinema. 他经常去看电影。
【注】询问某人的习惯时，有时还可用ever。如：
“Do you ever eat meat ” “No, I never eat meat.”“你吃肉吗 ”“从不吃肉。”
2、 表示现在(或经常性)的情况或状态。如：
①Mother is ill. 母亲病了。
②He is always like that. 他总是那样。
③He lives in the country. 他住在乡下。
④We need a lot of money. 我们需要一大笔钱。
3、表示现在的心理需要、爱好、习惯、行为方式、行为发生的频度、生活或工作情况、能力、特征、职业等。如：
①He want to play computer games.他想玩电脑游戏。
②He likes English .他喜欢英语。
③He watches TV in the evening.他晚上看电视。
④He goes to school by bike.他骑自行车去上学。
⑤He gets up at 5:30 a.m.他早上五点半起床。
⑥He sings well. 他唱歌唱得好。
⑦Mr. Smith teaches French. 史密斯先生教法语。
⑧ He watches TV once a month. 他每月看电视一次。
4、 表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。如：
①Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。
②Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
③The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
二）特殊用法：一般现在时表将来 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
1、当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来；表示让步、相似、比较的从句也必须用一般现在时表示将来。如：
①I’ll write to he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。（时间状语从句when I have time用一般现在时have表示将来）
②Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。（时间状语从句
before you leave用一般现在时leave表示将来）
③If we hurry, we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。（条件状语从句If we hurry用一般现在时hurry表示将来）
④Tell me in case you g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et into difficulty. 遇到困难请告诉我。（条件状语从句in case you get into difficulty用一般现在时get表示将来）
⑤I’ll follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。（表示让步的从句wherever he goes用一般现在时表示将来）
⑥Whatever yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u say, I won’t pay. 无论你说什么，我都不会付钱。（表示让步的从句Whatever you say用一般现在时表示将来）
⑦Whether we help hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m or not, he will fail. 无论我们帮他与否，他都会失败。（表示让步的从句Whether we help him or not,用一般现在时表示将来）
⑧I’ll have a good t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime whether I win or lose. 赢也好，输也好，我都将会玩好。（表示让步的从句whether I win or lose用一般现在时表示将来）
⑨The more you eat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。（表示条件的从句The more you eat用一般现在时表示将来）
2、另外，当主句为用将来时态时，定语从句也通常用一般现在时表将来。如：
①I’ll give you anything you ask for. 你要什么我都给你。（定语从句
you ask for用一般现在时表将来）
②You can have anything I find. 我找到的任何东西你都可以拿去。（定语从句I find用一般现在时表将来）
③Everyone who comes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )first will get a present. 每个先来的人都可得到一份礼物。（定语从句who comes first用一般现在时表将来）
3、 在make sure(弄清楚) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，make certain(弄清楚)，take care(注意，当心)，be careful(注意，当心)，mind(注意)，watch(注意)等后的that从句中通常也只用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：
①Take care that it does not occur again. 注意别再发生这样的事。（
it does not occur，一般现在时表将来）
②We must take care ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that no one sees us. 我们必须注意别让人看见我们。（no one sees us一般现在时表将来）
③Make sure you come back soon. 你要保证快点回来。（you come
back soon一般现在时表将来）
④Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings. 当心别伤了她的感情。
（you don’t hurt her feelings. 一般现在时表将来）
⑤Watch that the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) baby doesn’t go near the heater. 注意别让宝宝接近加热器。（that the baby doesn’t go near the heater. 一般现在时表将来）
⑥Mind you read the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )examination questions carefully before you
begin to answer them. 在答题前要注意仔细阅读考题。（you read the examination questions carefully一般现在时表将来）
4）在it doesn’t matter, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I don’t care, I don’t mind 等结构(以及类似结构)后的名词性从句也通常用一般现在表示将来意义。如：
①It doesn’t matter where we go on holiday. 我们去哪儿度假都行。
②Does it matter who goes first 谁先去这有关系吗？
③I don’t care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢还是输。
④Don’t you care what happens to them 难道你不关心他们出什么事了？
5）在I hope , I bet, see (to it) 等后的宾语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来意义，但有时也可直接用将来时态。如：
①I hope that you like [will like] it. 你希望你会喜欢它。
②I bet it rains [will rain] tomorrow. 我打赌明天会下雨。
③See (to it) that children don’t catch cold. 当心别让孩子感冒。
④I’ll see that nobody disturbs [will disturb] you. 我将确保没人打扰你。
6）表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作，句中通常有具体的时间状语。如：
①Are you on duty next weekend 下周末你上班吗？
②The train leaves at 12:00. 火车12点开出。
③Where do we go now 我们现在到哪里去
7）当主句为将来时态时，与之相关的by the time后接的从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：
①By the time he comes, I will have left. 等他到时，我会已离开了。
②The film will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have started by the time we get to the cinema．我们到电影院时电影会已经开始了。
8）表示现在将要宣布某事。如：
①I declare the meeting open. 我宣布会议开始。
②We learn Lesson Ten today. 今天我们学习第10课。
9）表示客观性很强的将来。如：(from www. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 ))
①Today is Friday, so tomorrow is Saturday. 今天是星期五，所以明天是星期六。
②My birthday is on a Sunday this year. 我今年的生日在星期天。
9）有时说话者对某一将来事实非常肯定，也用一般现在时。如：
①The future is bright. 前途是光明的。
②Final victory is ours. 最后的胜利是我们的。
三）特殊用法：一般现在时表过去 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
1、用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如：
①John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。
②I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。
③Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。
2、当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时；讲故事时也常用一般现在时来叙述过去的发生的事情。如：
①The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。
②The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。
四）句子构成
肯定句：主语+谓语动词原形或动词单三形式（vs/ves）+其他。
当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词加vs/ves，变成单三形式。如：
①I like swimming .
②He likes swimming .
③We go to school by bike every day.
④She goes to school by bike every day.
否定句：主语+don’t / doesn’t +动词原形+其他。
当主语是第三人称单数形式时，用does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t，其他情况下用don’t，但不管主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，don’t / doesn’t后面都用动词原形，即否定句中用动词原形。如：
①I don’t like swimming.
②He doesn’t like swimming .
③We don’t go to school by bike every day.
④She doesn’t go to school by bike every day.
一般疑问句：Do /Does +主语+动词原形+其他
当主语是第三人称单数形式时，用Does，其他情况下用Do，但不管主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数，一般疑问句中谓语动词用原形。如：
①Do you like swimming
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
②Does he like swimming
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
③Do you go to school by bike every day.
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
④ Does she go to school by bike every day.
Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
特殊疑问句构成有两种情况：
当特殊疑问词做主语或主语的定语时，用陈述语序，即：
特殊疑问词（做定语）+主语+谓语动词+其他？（提问主语的定语时）
特殊疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词+其他？（提问主语，或者也含定语部分）如：
Tom’s brothers like red.
①提问Tom’s ：Whose brothers like red
（被提问的部分Tom’s是主语brothers的定语，所以用特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词+其他？）
②提问Tom’s brothers ：Who likes red
（被提问部分Tom’s brothers是主语，含定语部分，所以用特殊疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词+其他？）
The boy likes running in the morning.
③提问The boy ：Who likes running in the morning
（被提问部分The boy是主语，所以用特殊疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词
+其他？）
当特殊疑问词不做主语也不做主语的定语时，用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构，如：
Tom’s brothers like red.
①提问red：What color do Tom’s brothers like
（被提问部分red在句中既不是主语，也不是主语的定语，所以用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构）
Lucy washes clothes at home on weekends.
①提问at home：Where does Lucy wash clothes on weekends
（at home在句中做地点状语，不是主语，也不是主语的定语，所以用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构，提问地点状语用where）
②提问on weekends：When does Lucy wash clothes at home
（on weekends在句中做时间状语，不是主语，也不是主语的定语，所以用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构，提问时间状语用when）
③提问clothes：What does Lucy wash at home on weekends
（clothes在句中做宾语，不是主语，也不是主语的定语，所以用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构，提问表达物品的宾语用what）
④提问washes clothes：What does Lucy do at home on weekends
（washes clothes在句中是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )谓语和宾语，不是主语，也不是主语的定语，所以用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”？结构；提问谓语包括宾语在内的部分，用what,且句的谓语动词换成do出现在特殊疑问句中）
三）动词第三人称单数形式的构成
1、一般情况下，在动词结尾加s,如：
swims, likes, wants, needs, runs, says, plays，buys ......
2、当动词以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾时，在词尾加es构成第三人称单数形式，如：
guess guesses, brush brushes , wash washes, fish fishes,
finish finishes; catch catches, watch watches, do does, go goes
3、当动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变y为i，再加es, 如：
carry carries, study ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) studies; worry worries; hurry hurries; fly flies...
思考：
play，say, buy 的第三人称单数形式为什么加s？
fly, study, worry, carry, hurry等动词为什么要变y为i，再加es,才能构成第三人称单数形式？
[分析：当动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为i，再加es, fly, study, worry, carry, hurry等动词都是以“辅音字母+y”结尾，所以，变y为i，再加
es；但是动词play，say, buy都是以“元音字母+ y”结尾，不符合以以“辅音字母+y”结尾的条件，所以不能变y为i，再加
es，只能按照第一条来做，所以只加s）
四）典型例题解析 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
1、I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play
since the new year.
A. will B. have played C. played D. play
【分析】D。“我的乒乓球是打得相当好的，但自新年以来还一直没有时间去打。”球打得好是现在的情况，是现在的能力，故用一般现在时。
2、—You’re drinking too much.
—Only at home. No one ______ me but you.
A. is seeing B. has seen C. sees D. will see
【分析】C。由 only at home 可知“我”只在家里喝得多，除你之外，没有人看见。谈的是现在的事实情况，故用一般现在时。
【分析】A。用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。
3、This machine ______. It hasn’t worked for years.
A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working
C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working
【分析】C。此处讲的是机器目前的状况，故用一般现在时。此题所利用的干扰时态是其后的现在完成时。
4、He to London twice a year.
A. flied B. will C. flies D. is flying
【分析】C。本句谈论的是他现在的行为方式“飞”和行为频度“twice a year一年两次”，这些都应该用一般现在时。
5、 My parents have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) promised to come to see me before I ____ for Africa.
A. have left B. leave C. left D. will leave
【分析】B。句意为：我父母亲答应在我动 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )身去非洲前会来看我。根据主句使用时态和句意可推知，说话者还没去非洲，故可排除选项A和C；又因为时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，故可排除D。
6、I ______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been
too busy to do it.
A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done
【分析】B。根据句意“我为家人做所有饭菜，但是最近我实在太忙了，没有做。”可知，第一空格要填的动词表示经常性的行为，所以，用一般现在时。
7、We will hold the sports meeting if it tomorrow.
A. won’t rain B. rains C. isn’t raining D. doesn’t rain
【分析】D。根据句意“如果明天不下雨，我 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )们就举行运动会。”可知，条件状语从句表达的是将来，而条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，所以，用一般现在时。
8、Months ago we s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A. was called B. is called
C. had been called D. has been called
【分析】B。因为这是客观事实，现在也叫太平洋，用一般现在时。
9、 Look at the tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ______ off at 18:20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken
四、听力材料或短文学习：
一）重点短语归纳：阅读课文，写出下列词汇或短语的英语，牢记。
1、锻炼 exercise 2、去看电影 go to the movies
3、帮助做家务 help with housework 4、去购物 go shopping
5、看书 read (books) 6、吃垃圾食品 eat junk food
7、吃蔬菜和水果 eat vegetables and fruit 8、喝牛奶 drink milk
9、喝果汁 drink juice 10、喝咖啡 drink coffee
11、上钢琴课 have piano lessons 12、踢足球 play football /soccer
13、熬夜 stay up late 14、拥有好习惯 have good habits
15、上网 go online / use the Internet 16、画画 draw pictures
17、进行体育运动 play sports 18、玩电子游戏play computer games
19、去看牙医go to th dentist 20、想让我喝牛奶 want me to drink milk
21、有益于……的健康 be healthy for
22、对……有益 be good for …
23、有空 be free ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 24、至少at least
25、每天 every d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay 26、每周一次 once a week
27、 一周四到六次four to six times a week
28、每月两次 twice a month
29、每周三次three times a week
30、每周三、四次 three or four times a week
31、每周三到四次 three to four times a week
32、例如 such as
33、百分之十五的学生 fifteen percent of the students
34、最佳的方式 the best way to do / of doing
35、一名十六岁的中学生a 16-year-old high school student
36、一张两米长的课桌 a two-meter-long desk
37、一次三天的假期 a three-day vacation
38、两个多小时 more than two hours
39、在周末 on weekends
二）重点句归纳：阅读课文，写出下列句子的英语，然后熟背。
1、你周末通常做什么？我时常看电影。
What do you usually do on weekends I often go to the movies.
2、她周末做什么？她有时帮忙做家务。
What does she do on weekends She sometimes helps with housework.
3、他们周末做什么？他们总是去购物。
What do they do on weekends They always go shopping .
4、他们多久锻炼一次身体？他们几乎不锻炼身体。
How often do they exercise They hardly ever exercise .
5、他多久看一次电影？每周一次。
How often does he watch TV Once a week .
6、他多久踢一次足球？至少每周两次。
How often does he play soccer At least twice a week .
7、他们多久熬一次夜 ？从不。
How often do they stay up late Never.
8、我想吃苹果，但是妈妈让我喝牛奶。
I want to eat apples , but my mother wants me to drink milk .
9、喝牛奶有益于身体健康，他天天喝牛奶，所以他很健康。
Drinking milk is good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for health. He drinks milk every day , so he is very healthy.
10、我们发现只有百分之十五的学生天天锻炼身体。
We found that fifteen percent of the students exercise every day.
11、我们很吃惊的是百分之九十的学生天天上网。
We were surprised that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ninety percent of them use the Internet every day.
12、通过上网和看节目放松是很好，但是我们认为最好的放松方法是通过体育锻炼。
It’s good to relax by ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise .
13、体育锻炼有益于身心健康。
It’s healthy for the mind and the body.
14、旧习难改。Old habits die hard.
15、百分之二十的学生一点也不锻炼身体。
Twenty percent of the students do not exercise at all.
16、一名十六岁的中学生每周末都画画。
A 16-year-old high school student draws pictures every weekend.
17、我们发现一条10米长的鱼。
We found a ten-meter-long fish.
三）运用本文中的短语或词汇，仿写句子、造句或编写对话。
五、语言点解析
1、How often , how long , how soon
1) how often 多久一次，用来提问频率，如：
①How often do you watch TV Once a week. 你多长时间看一次电视？一周一次。
②How often does she go to Beijing . ( A)
A. Twice a yea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r. B. Two years C. Three times D. In ten days
③He swims every day . 提问every day： How often does he swim
2）多久，用来提问时间段，询问某事进行了多长时间，如：
①How long did yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u wait for the bus We waited an hour for the bus . 你等公共汽车多长时间？一小时。
②How long will you st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay in Shanghai We will stay here . ( B )
A. Once a year . B. for two months . C. Never D. In five weeks
③ did Tom watch TV yesterday Two hours . ( C )
A. How often B. How many C. How long D. How soon
3）多久以后，用来询问从现在起多长时间以后做某事，如：
①How soon will you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come back I’ll come back in ten days . 你多久以后回来？我十天后回来。
② How soon will he start Maybe . ( D )
A. once a year . B. for two months . C. never D. in five weeks
③ Will the meeting hold In one week . ( D )
A. How often B. How many C. How long D. How soon
2. want 想要
1) 后面可以直接跟名词，表示想要某物，如：
①他想要一本书。He wants a book .
②我再要把椅子。I want another chair.
2) 后面可以跟不定式，表示想做某事，如：
①她想画画。She wants to draw a picture.
②我想周末做家务。I want to do housework on weekends.
3)后面可以跟复合宾语，构成“want sb. to do sth.”, 表示想让某人做某事，如：
①他想让儿子努力学习。She wants her son to study hard.
② 老师向让我们天天锻炼身体。The teacher wants us to exercise every day.
③妈妈不让我熬夜。My mother doesn’t want me to stay up late .
3. the answer to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the question 问题的答案, the best way to relax最佳放松方式，两个短语都是动词不定式放在名词后做后置定语，再如：
①the key to the room房间的钥匙，
他丢了房间的钥匙。He lost the key to his room.
②the way to Beijing去北京的路，
你能告诉我去北京的路吗？Could you tell me the way to Beijing
③the best place to travel 最佳旅游地点，
④the best time to study最佳学习时间.
4. It’s good to do sth. 做某事很好，如：
早睡早起很好。It’s good to go to bed early and get up early.
5. be healthy for … 有益于…的健康，如：
体育锻炼有益于身心健康。Exercising is healthy for the mind and the body.
6. be good for … 对…有益，反义短语是：be bad for 对…有害
体育锻炼有益于身心健康。Exercising is good for health.
游泳有益于身体健康。Swimming is good for health .
7、be surprised 吃惊
1）后面可以跟动词不定式，如be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) surprised to see / hear / meet / find 看见/听见/遇见/发现…很吃惊
①I was surprised to see Xi Jinping here . 在这儿见到习近平我很吃惊。
②I was surprised to hear his words . 听见他说的话我很吃惊。
③I was surprised to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) find that the man didn’t wear clothes . 发现那个人没穿衣服我很吃惊。
2）后面可以跟一个宾语从句，表现对某件事很吃惊，如：
We were surprised ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that ninety percent of the students use the Internet every day. 我们很吃惊,百分之九十的学生天天上网。
3) to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是，如：
令我吃惊的是，他在冬天游泳。To my surprise, he swims in winter.
4) in surprise 吃惊地，相当于副词，跟在动词后，如：
他吃惊地看了看那辆车。He looked at the car in surprise .
8、16-year-old high ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) school student 一名16岁的中学生，16-year-old十六岁的，是复合形容词，这类形容词的构成规则是“数词-名词单数-形容词”，长用来作定语。如：
两米宽的路 two-meter-wide street
三天的假期 three-day vacation
9、be afraid 担心，害怕
1）后面跟从句，表示“恐怕……”，是对一种不好的结果的预测。如：
恐怕明天我不能参加你的宴会了。I’m afraid I can’t go to your party tomorrow.
恐怕你要迟到了。I’m afraid that you will be late.
2）后面跟不定式，表示害怕做某事，不敢做某事，如：
我晚上不敢独自外出。I’m afraid to go out alone at night.
他不敢在河里游泳。He’s afraid to swim in the river.
3)be afraid of sb./sth表示害怕某人或某物，如：
他害怕老鼠。He is afraid of mice.
10、be smart about 对……很精明，对……很在行,要小心对待……，如：
1)他们对购买房屋很在行。They are smart about buying houses.
2)大多数时候 ，你要小心你的健康。You are smart about your health most of the time.
3)最重要的是学聪明点. What's important is to be smart about it.
4)你必须聪明的对待你所交的朋友, 不 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是每个人都是诚实的. You be smart about the kinds of friends you make. Not everyone is honest.
11、compare…to…, compare…with…
1）compare…to… 把……看作…….，一般用于两个不同性质的事物相比较。如：
他常常把学习比作航海。He often compares study to sailing.
他把北京比做中国的心脏。He compared Beijing to the heart of China.
2) compare…with… 将……和…….比较，一般用于同类事物之间的比较，着重区别。如：
①父母不应该将自己的孩子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )与别人相比较。Parents shouldn’t compare their children with others .
②这儿的花比不上家乡的花。The flowers here do not compare with those at home
③他的诗做得不如你的好。His poem doesn’t compare with yours.
六、阅读短文，选择最佳答案
A
Mr. and Mrs. Turn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er live outside a small town. They have a big farm and they are always busy working on it . Their son , Peter, studied at a middle school. The young man studied hard and did well in his lessons. It made them happy.
Last month P ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eter finished middle school and passed the entrance examination(通过了入学考试).Mrs. Turner was very happy and told the farmers about it .
Yesterday morning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the woman went to the town to buy something for her son. On the bus she told one of her friends how clever and able her son was. She spoke very loudly. All the people in the bus began to listen to her, “ Which university will your son study in ”a woman next to her asked.
“In a most famou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s university in our country!” Mrs.Turner said happily.
“A famous university ”
“Oxford University ( 牛津大学 ).”
Most of the passe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ngers looked at her carefully. Some of them said to her, “Congratulations!(祝贺)”
A woman said, “I’m sure he’ll know Fred Smith.”
“Who’s Fred Smith ”
“He’s my son .”
“Does he study in the university, too ”
“No,” said the woman. “He is one of the professors( 教授 ).”
（ ）1. The story may happen in .
A. America B. France C. Germany D. England
( ) 2. Mr. and Mrs. Turner were happy because .
A. their son did well in his lessons B. they had a big farm
C. they had a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) good harvest D. their son studied at a middle school
( ) 3. Mrs. Turner wanted everyone to know .
A. her son finished middle school B. her son was handsome
C.her son was g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oing to study in a university D. her son was very friendly to others
( ) 4. Mrs. Turner spoke so loudly in the bus because .
A. her friend could hear her
B. all the people could hear her
C. she hoped to make all the people happy
D. she hoped they would say congratulations to her
( ) 5. Which of the following is probably true
A. The woman didn’t hear Mrs. Turner’s words
B. Mrs. Turner knew nothing about the famous university
C. The woman wanted to stop Mrs. Turner from showing off (炫耀) .
D. The woman next to Mrs. Turner was sorry for Mrs. Turner.
（参考答案：D A C B C）
B
Long ago, a yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ung man said that he was very 1 and owned( ) nothing. One day, an old man walked 2 .He heard the young man’s words and said, “ Hello, young man! What are you
3 about You ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have nothing ” That’s not true! You have the most expensive things in the world, 4 you are a rich person.”
The you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng man was very surprised and asked, “ 5 do you say that You can see I have nothing. What are these expensive things ” Then 6 old man said, “ If you sell your eyes to a rich blind man, you’ll 7 a lot of money and can get everything you want. Would you like to sell them ” The young man didn’t want to be blind, so he said, “No,” the old man asked again,”Then what about 8 your hands for some gold ”The young man shook his head for the second time.
Finally, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the old man said, “ Now you understand. You have the 9 things in the world.” So, the old man taught both the young man and us a lesson—10 is the most important for us.”
( ) 1. A. poor B. rich C. healthy D. strong
( ) 2. A. across B. past C. through D. away
( ) 3. A. talking B. drawing C. singing D. telling
( ) 4. A. but B.and C. so D. however
( ) 5. A. What B. When C. Why D. How
( ) 6. A. the B. a C. an D. /
( ) 7. A. save B. buy C. make D. collect
( ) 8. A. putti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng up B. selling C. turning D.washing
( ) 9. A. most c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heapest B. most expensive C. most easiest D. most difficult
( )10. A. gold B. time C. health D. money
( 参考答案：A B A C C ，A C B B C)