2023年中考英语复习 第一节　冠　词第四模块 小词 课件(共48张PPT)

(共48张PPT)
第一节　冠　词
第四模块 小　词
01
中考导航
02
知识导图
03
考点突破
04
冠词与语法选择
05
提分巧练
06
分层优练
考点 2020年~2022年广东省卷中考(语言知识运用)
语法选择 短文填空
1.不定冠词a/an 2022:1分(a) 2021:1分(an) /
2.定冠词the 2020:1分 /
3.不用冠词的情况(零冠词) / /
考情分析:2020~2022年语法选择每年分别考了1题(1分)冠词;这三年的短文填空中都没有考查冠词。冠词只可能在语法选择和短文填空两种题型中考查。但在回答问题题型中注意不要漏掉冠词。
不定冠词a,an一般有any或one的意思,但不强调数目概念,只用来泛指事物,说明其名称或种类。
不定冠词a,an的用法(2022,2021语法选择考)
用法 例子
a 用于以辅音发音开始的单词前。 a new study一个新书房　
a supermarket一个超市
an 用于以元音发音开始的单词前。 an interesting film一部有趣的电影
an exciting job一份令人激动的工作
(续表)
用法 例子
常见 用法 1.当第一次提到某人或某物时,用a或an起到介绍的作用。 —What’s this 这是什么
—It’s a radio.这是收音机。
2.指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。 A boy is looking for you.
一个男孩在找你。
3.表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈。 I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.我有一张嘴,一个鼻子和两只眼睛。
常见 用法 4.表示“每一”,相当于every/each。 Lucy and I go to school five days a week.我和露西每周上五天学。
5.用在序数词前,表示“又一”“再一”。 Mr.and Mrs.Shute had a daughter called Jane.Then they had a second child—a son.舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简。不久,他们又有了第二个小孩——一个儿子。
常见 用法 6.使物质或抽象名词具体化,表示“一次”“一种”“一场”等。 It’s a pleasure to talk to you.与你交谈很愉快。
7.用于可视为一体的两个名词前。 a knife and fork
一副刀叉
8.用在某些固定词组中。 a bit一点儿　　　　　　　a few一些,少数几个
a lot (of)许多,大量　
a little一点儿
不定冠词的用法
某人某物属某类,一人一物指全体;某人某物不具体,数量名词前表“每一”。
( )1.(2022广东,语法选择) Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying, she would find 　38　 quiet place and cried aloud.
A.a 　 B.an　 C.the
( )2.(2021广东,语法选择)Along the river, there is
　35　 eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
C
A
( )3.(2018广东,单项填空)　　　　 new study says that going to 　　　　bed late is harmful to our health.
A./; / B.A; / C.A; the D.The; the
4.(2019广东,短文填空)On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted 78.　 　 lot of well-known Chinese sayings.
　a　
B
定冠词the的用法(2020语法选择考)
用法 例子
1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物,这是定冠词的基本用法。 Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
2.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 The Great Wall长城　　　　the Summer Palace颐和园
the People’s Farm人民农场
the Science Museum科学馆
3.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Open the window, please.请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户。)
4.指上文已经提到的人或事物。 There was a chair by the window.On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.The baby was thin.窗户附近有一把椅子。椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女,怀里抱着一个婴儿。那个婴儿很瘦。
5.指世界上独一无二的事物或表示江河、海洋、山脉等名词前。 The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
6.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。 He lives on the fifteenth floor.他住在第15层。
You are the youngest in the class.你是班上年龄最小的。
7.用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人。 the rich富人　the poor穷人　the sick病人
8.用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。 The Greens work in the same company.格林夫妇在同一个公司上班。
9.一些固定搭配中的定冠词。 (1)用在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语中。 in the east在东方　
in the morning在早晨
in the end最后
(2)在“动词+人+介词+the+人体部位”结构中要用the,而不用物主代词。 take sb.by the hand
抓住某人的手
( )1.(2020广东,语法选择)Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made a cross with some wood sticks.The next morning, they took 　38　 kite to the park and tested it.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )2.(2018广州,语法选择)He began learning to play
　3　 violin when he was 20 years old.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D.this
C
C
3.(2017广东,短文填空)When the film group meet 72. _　 Smiths, they find that Mr.Smith, Mrs.Smith and their two sons are so crazy about technology that 73.they hardly do things together.
the
不用冠词的情况
用法 例子
1.在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不加冠词。 by plane坐飞机　
by boat乘小船　
American history美国历史
on foot步行　
Chinese中文　
English literature英国文学
2.在一些固定词组中不加冠词。 go to bed 睡觉 　 at home在家　
by mistake错误地 learn by heart牢记　
in sight看见 　at first起初
day and night日日夜夜　at last最后　
at once立刻　
year after year一年又一年
3.除一些特殊情况外,专有名词以及抽象名词和物质名词前不加冠词。 Man is mortal.人必有一死。
Miss Smith came in power at last.史密斯小姐最终掌权了。
4.当名词前已有this,that, his,any,every,some, no 等词或有所有格修饰时,不必加冠词。 She is my sister.她是我妹妹。
5.在节日、假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前不加冠词。 National Day国庆节　
Labour Day劳动节　
Children’s Day儿童节
Monday星期一　January一月　
autumn秋季
6.在一日三餐、体育类等名词前不加冠词。 I cooked some noodles for supper.我煮了一些面条作为晚餐。
He preferred to play football and I’d rather play tennis.他想踢足球,而我宁可打网球。
7.在表示职务、头衔等名词前不加冠词。 He is elected manager of our company.他当选为我们公司的经理。
8.在报纸标题、图像说明、文章题目、标志、广告前不加冠词。 Worker’s Mind工人的心声(报纸标题)
Notes on the study of Stone Story 《红楼梦》研究札记
Girl Waitress Wanted招聘女侍者一名(广告)
( )(2014广东,单项填空)Eric is not going to Nanjing by 　　　　plane.Instead, he is taking 　　　　train.
A./; a B.a; / C.a; the D.the; a
A
近三年广东中考的语法选择中分别考了不定冠词和定冠词,a/an/the分别考了一次。
1.表示数量“一”或泛指。
①(2022广东)Sometimes when she was so tired that she felt like crying, she would find 　38　 quiet place and cried aloud. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.a 　 B.an　 C.the
(一个安静的地方,泛指;quiet是以辅音音素/k/开头,选A。)
②(2021广东)Far, far below is a big rushing river.Along the river, there’s 　35　eight-kilometer-long wooden walkway.
A./　　 B.a　　 C.an　　 D.the
(一条木栈道,不定冠词表示数量“一”;eight以元音音素/eI/开头,选C。)
2.特指上文提到的。
(2020广东) Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made… The next morning, they took 　38　 kite to the park and tested it.
A.a　　 B.an　　 C.the　　 D./
(特指上文中提到的kite, 选C。)
根据句意用合适的冠词(a, an,the)或“/”填空。
1.My brother often plays 　 　 football with his classmates after school.
2.　 　 medical book Tian Hui Yi Jian by Bian Que and Cang Gong has come out in Chengdu.
3.Natalia, 　 　 exchange student from Spain, is 　 _
university student in Sichuan now.
　a
　an　
　The　
　/　
4.There is 　 　 useful robot in the restaurant near my home.
5.Caring for 　 　 old is the most important tradition in a Chinese family.
6.My father is 　 　 cook in Sichuan Restaurant.
7.China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since
　 　 late 1970s, according to the World Bank.
　the　
　a　
　the　
　a　
8.On 　 　 morning of December 1st, we will have a party.
9.Salt plays 　 　 important role in cooking dishes.
10.Guangdong is in 　 　 south of China.
　the　
　an　
　the　
一、语法点单句特训
( )1.(2022·天津中考)After 　　　　school, I bought 　　　　present for my mother.
A./; a　 B.a; /　 C.a; the　 D.the; /
A
( )2.(2022·新疆中考)—Are you free on weekends
—Yes, I am going to have 　　　　picnic on 　 　Sunday.
A.the; an　 B.a; the　 C.a; /　 D.an; /
( )3.(2022·云南中考)—What are you going to be when you grow up, Lily
—I’m going to be 　　　　astronaut like Wang Yaping.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
B
C
( )4.(2022·浙江温州中考)Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday.　　　　 cartoon made him laugh.
A.A　 B.An　 C.The　 D./
( )5.(2022·重庆A卷中考)There is 　　　　bank across from the hospital.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
( )6.(2022·重庆B卷中考)I usually have 　　　　egg and some bread for breakfast.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
B
A
C
( )7.(2022·甘肃武威中考)I just bought a new shirt.
　　　　 shirt was pretty expensive.
A.A　 B.An　 C.The　 D./
( )8.(2022·湖南怀化中考)As we know, Singapore is
　　　　Asian country.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the
B
C
( )9.(2022·湖南岳阳中考)Gu Ailing is 　　　　excellent sports star who made a great success in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the
( )10.(2022·江苏连云港中考)Me and My Winter Games is
　　　　interesting film.It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.
A.a　 B.an　 C.the　 D./
B
B
二、小语篇特训
(一)语法选择
Whales are 　1　 largest living organisms (生物)living on 　2　 surface of the earth.　3　 adult blue whale weighs up to about 173 tons with 30 meters in length.When 　4　 whale dies in the ocean, its body usually falls to the sea floor and a special deep-sea ecosystem will be formed in 　5　 long time.Scientists give a name to this—the whale fall.
( )1.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the
( )2.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the
( )3.A.A　　　 B.An　　　 C.The
( )4.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the
( )5.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the　
A
A
B
C
C
(二)短文填空
How to properly face and deal with unlucky things The following boy sets 6.　 　 good example for us.7.　 　 11-year-old boy called Jaden Hayes went through two worst things.First, his father died of cancer when he was four.Soon after,he lost his left leg in a traffic accident.And he had to walk with a walking stick and his right leg.After 8.________　 　 most difficult time, he began to turn his sadness for the better.
　the　
　An　
　a　
Then Jaden asked his mother to buy 9.　 　 lot of little toys and he wanted to give 10.　 　 toys away.“I’m trying to make people smile,” said Jaden.
　the　
　a　
语法选择(2022·茂名市一模改编)
Bad behaviour is a problem for some young people and for their parents and teachers! But those who behave badly in a classroom environment are not necessarily bad at heart.Some children may have difficult experiences in their home lives, and some may never be taught how 　1　 properly.
Some children like this are much 　2　 than they seem.　3　 children might behave badly for a more positive reason—they do not pay attention in the classroom because what they are learning is not difficult enough for them.
　4　 popular way for parents to deal with “problem children” is to send them to summer camps.At these camps, the children 　5　 to improve their behaviour under strict rules, in order not to be punished.However, such programs usually only have a short-term effect.A more effective choice might be a program which helps children develop new edy Camp tries to do that.
At Comedy Camp, professional comedians train children and help them 　6　 their confidence by performing on stage.Children get a chance to try different forms of comedy: stand-up, skits (滑稽短剧), monologues (独白), impersonation (模仿) and so on.Then they choose a piece to work on and practise it 　7　 they can perform it well.At the end of the course, children perform on stage to show 　8　 they have grown.Hopefully, they 　9　 the course with a new 　10　 which they can take away.
( )1.A.behave　 B.behaving　 C.to behave
( )2.A.smart 　 B.smarter　 C.smartest
( )3.A.Another 　 B.The other　 C.Other
( )4.A.A　 B.An　 C.The
( )5.A.force　 B.forced　 C.are forced
( )6.A.at 　 B.with　 C.on
( )7.A.before 　 B.when 　 C.until
( )8.A.how much　 B.how many　 C.how far
( )9.A.finishes 　 B.will finish　 C.have finished
( )10.A.interesting　 B.interested　 C.interest
C
B
A
C
B
C
A
C
B
C