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高中英语北师大版(2019)必修二Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 2 课后练
一、基础词汇集训
1.()基础词汇集训
(1) n.神秘事物,难以理解的事物
(2) n.灵魂
(3) adj.受惊的,害怕的
(4) adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的
(5) n.边缘
(6) adj.好奇的
(7) n.观察,观察结果
(8) adj.相等的;相同的
(9) n.面积;长度;范围;程度
(10) n.&w营救:数把
2.()基础词汇集训
(1) n.交通工具,车辆
(2) . vt.困住;使陷于危险中
(3) n. 努力,尝试,企图
(4) v.打断讲话
(5) n.死,死亡
(6) n.丧失;死亡
(7) n.伤害,损伤,损害
(8) vt.估量,衡量;测运
(9) n.行动,活动;手术;操作
(10) adv. 在海外,在外国
(11) n.过程,进程
(12) n.保护:防护
二、单句语法填空
3.()Salt water hit against her face, making it difficult to (breath).
4.()Wood is a poor (conduct) of heat and electricity.
5.()I managed to work for two hours without (interrupt).
6.()For more than a decade after her (die), Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world.
7.()Then he heard "Help! I'm (trap)!" coming from the second floor balcony(阳台).
8.()She couldn't afford the (operate) because her family was poor.
9.()Students are waiting (anxious) for the result of the final exam.
10.()There are some tall trees on the hill, some (measure) 30 meters.
11.()In today's information age, the (lose) of data can cause serious problems for a company.
12.()Without oxygen, the brain (damage) quickly.
三、选词填空
()选词填空
run out; at the first attempt; take measures to do sth.; breathe in; suffer from; rescue...from…
13.She passed her driving test .
14.Most industries in the world water shortages.
15.Will China protect its investments in Egypt
16.The underground water in Saudi Arabia might in 50 years.
17.Helicopters nearly 20 people the roof of the burning building.
18.The air we is getting dirtier and dirtier.
四、阅读理解
()阅读理解
Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.
And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. "We think this idea will get more people to take part in the war on the locusts," said Abdoulaye Ba, from Sud-FM, a radio station in one of Senegal's worst affected areas.
This is West Africa's biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten(威胁) Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia. Experts say the harmful effect on crops in areas already suffering from food shortage and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the areas are not well equipped to fight the pest.
Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. "We are now treating 6,000 hectares(公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster," said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.
"Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the disaster," ,the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization warned.
19.What's the author's intention by using "a dark cloud" to describe locusts in the first paragraph
A.To show the size and speed of the mass of locusts.
B.To suggest the great damage that locusts can cause.
C.To warn that locusts may sweep the continent like rain clouds.
D.Both A and
20.The story is mainly about ________.
A.West Africa's united effort in fighting a disaster
B.the difficulty in controlling locusts
C.how locusts caused great damage to West Africa
D.a struggle to fight against a disaster brought by locusts in West Africa
21.The locust disaster ______.
A.will be even more serious in Asia
B.is out of control
C.is affecting only the warning areas
D.cannot be stopped unless twice as much pesticide is provided for the affected areas
22.Which of the following is NOT mentioned
A.A radio station offers a reward for fighting locusts so that more people will join in the effort.
B.Senegal is to the west of Sudan.
C.The locusts can cause such damage mainly because it has no natural enemy in West Africa.
D.12 countries affected by locusts have united.
五、完形填空
()完形填空
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 23. , but on their way back conditions were very difficult. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 24. alone, he would probably get back safely. But Simon decided to risk his 25. and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳).
As they 26. down, the weather got worse. Then another trouble occurred. They couldn't see or hear each other and, 27. , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 28. for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's 29. was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 30. after more than an hour in the dark and the icy-cold, Simon had to 31. . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 32. into a large crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn't walk, but he 33. to get out of the crevasse and started to move towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers away.
Simon had 34. the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 35. , but he didn't want to leave 36. . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe's voice. He couldn't 37. it. Joe was there, a few meter's from their tent, still alive.
23.A.hurriedly B.carefully C.successfully D.early
24.A.climbed B.worked C.rested D.continued
25.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life
26.A.lay B.settled C.went D.looked
27.A.by mistake B.by chance C.by choice D.by luck
28.A.unnecessary B.practical C.important D.impossible
29.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment
30.A.Finally B.Patiently C.Surely D.Quickly
31.A.stand back B.take a rest
C.make a decision D.hold on
32.A.jumped B.fell C.escaped D.backed
33.A.managed B.planned C.waited D.hoped
34.A.headed for B.traveled to C.left for D.returned to
35.A.dead B.hurt C.weak D.late
36.A.secretly B.tiredly C.immediately D.anxiously
37.A.find B.believe C.make D.accept
六、语法填空
()语法填空
Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes are happening almost at every moment. 38. , most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes 39. (terrible) and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, earthquakes often result 40. many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake 41. (strike) China's Sichuan Province, killing tens of thousands of people there.
Besides the great damage and deaths 42. (cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be caused. For 43. (century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, 44. Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came.
With the rapid 45. (develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lot 46. (much) about earthquakes. However, scientists still have difficulty 47. (predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and can't stop it from happening.
七、书面表达
48.()假定你是李华,你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。请你写信邀请你校交换生John参加,内容包括:
1)时间和地点;
2)活动内容介绍。
注意:
1)词数80左右;
2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:野生的 wild
答案解析部分
1.【答案】(1)mystery
(2)soul
(3)frightened
(4)horrible
(5)edge
(6)curious
(7)observation
(8)equal
(9)extent
(10)rescue
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)" 神秘事物,难以理解的事物 "名词, mystery,不可数,故答案为: mystery 。
(2)" 灵魂 "名词, soul ,不可数,故答案为: soul 。
(3)" 受惊的,害怕的 ",形容词,应用-ed形式,即 frightened ,故答案为: frightened 。
(4)" 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 "形容词,应用 horrible,故答案为: horrible 。
(5)" 边缘 "名词,应用 edge ,故答案为: edge 。
(6)" 好奇的 "形容词,应用 curious ,胡答案为: curious 。
(7)"观察;观察结果"名词,应用 observation ,故答案为: observation 。
(8)"相等的;相同的"形容词,应用 equal ,故答案为: equal 。
(9)"面积;长度;范围;程度"名词,应用 extent ,故填 extent 。
(10)" 营救 "名词&动词,应用 rescue , 第三人称单数:rescues 复数:rescues 现在分词:rescuing 过去式:rescued 过去分词:rescued ,故填 rescue 。
【点评】本题要求考生根据汉语提示准确识记英文单词。
(1)"神秘事物,难以理解的事物"名词,mystery ,不可数,故答案为: mystery 。
(2)" 灵魂 "名词, soul ,不可数,故答案为: soul 。
(3)" 受惊的,害怕的 ",形容词,应用-ed形式,即 frightened ,故答案为: frightened 。
(4)" 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 "形容词,应用 horrible ,故答案为: horrible 。
(5)" 边缘 "名词,应用 edge ,故答案为: edge 。
(6)" 好奇的 "形容词,应用 curious ,胡答案为: curious 。
(7)"观察;观察结果"名词,应用 observation ,故答案为: observation 。
(8)"相等的;相同的"形容词,应用 equal ,故答案为: equal 。
(9)"面积;长度;范围;程度"名词,应用 extent ,故填 extent 。
(10)" 营救 "名词&动词,应用 rescue ,故填 rescue 。
2.【答案】(1)vehicle
(2)trap
(3)attempt
(4)interrupt
(5)death
(6)loss
(7)damage
(8)measure
(9)operation
(10)overseas
(11)process
(12)protection
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)" 交通工具,车辆 "名词,应用 vehicle ,故填 vehicle 。
(2)"困住,使陷于危险中"动词,应用 trap , 第三人称单数:traps 复数:traps 现在分词:trapping 过去式:trapped 过去分词:trapped ,故填 trap 。
(3)" 努力,尝试,企图 "名词,应用 attempt ,故填 attempt 。
(4)" 打断讲话 "动词,应用 interrupt ,故 interrupt 。
(5)" 死,死亡 "名词,应用 death ,故填 death 。
(6)"丧失,死亡"名词,应用loss,故填loss。
(7)" 伤害,损伤,损害 "名词,应用 damage ,故填 damage 。
(8)"估量,衡量;测运 "动词,应用 measure , 第三人称单数:measures 复数:measures 现在分词:measuring 过去式:measured 过去分词:measured ,故填 measure 。
(9)"行动,活动;手术;操作"名词,应用 operation ,故填 operation 。
(10)" 在海外,在外国 "副词,应用 overseas ,故填 overseas 。
(11)" 过程,进程 "名词,应用 process ,故填 process 。
(12)"保护;防护",名词,应用 protection ,故填 protection 。
【点评】本题要求考生根据汉语提示准确识记英文单词。
(1)" 交通工具,车辆 "名词,应用 vehicle ,故填 vehicle 。
(2)"困住,使陷于危险中"动词,应用 trap ,故填 trap 。
(3)" 努力,尝试,企图 "名词,应用 attempt ,故填 attempt 。
(4)" 打断讲话 "动词,应用 interrupt ,故 interrupt 。
(5)" 死,死亡 "名词,应用 death ,故填 death 。
(6)"丧失,死亡"名词,应用loss,故填loss。
(7)" 伤害,损伤,损害 "名词,应用 damage ,故填 damage 。
(8)"估量,衡量;测运 "动词,应用 measure ,故填 measure 。
(9)"行动,活动;手术;操作"名词,应用 operation ,故填 operation 。
(10)" 在海外,在外国 "副词,应用 overseas ,故填 overseas 。
(11)" 过程,进程 "名词,应用 process ,故填 process 。
(12)"保护;防护",名词,应用 protection ,故填 protection 。
3.【答案】breathe
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意:盐水打在她的脸上,使她呼吸困难。此处是动词不定式作宾语, breath "呼吸",名词,其动词是 breathe ,故填 breathe 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及不定式作宾语。
4.【答案】conductor
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:木材是热和电的不良导体。此处名词作表语, conduct "传导,指挥",动词,其名词是 conductor "导体",不定冠词后接单数名词,故填 conductor 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作表语。
5.【答案】interruption
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:我设法连续工作了两个小时。此处名词作介词宾语, interrupt "打断",动词,其名词是 interruption ,不可数名词,故填 interruption 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
6.【答案】death
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:在她去世后的十多年里,卡罗的作品基本上没有被世界注意到。此处名词作介词宾语, die "死",动词,其名词是 death ,不可数,故填 death 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
7.【答案】trapped
【知识点】动词的语态;一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意: 然后他听到二楼阳台传来"救命!我被困住了!"。此处是谓语动词,结合句意和空前的助动词am,可知应用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 trapped 。
【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
8.【答案】operation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:她负担不起手术费用,因为她的家庭很穷。此处名词作宾语, operate "手术",动词,其名词是 operation ,结合语境应用单数名词,故填 operation 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语。
9.【答案】anxiously
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意:学生们焦急地等待着期末考试的结果。此处副词修饰谓语动词 are waiting , anxious "焦急的",形容词,其副词是 anxiously ,作状语,故填 anxiously 。
【点评】考查副词,本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
10.【答案】measuring
【知识点】动词现在分词;独立主格结构
【解析】【分析】句意:山上有一些高大的树,有些高达30米。some与 measure 在逻辑上是主谓关系,现在分词表主动,此处是独立主格结构,故填 measuring 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及独立主格结构。
11.【答案】loss
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:在当今的信息时代,数据的丢失可能会给公司带来严重的问题。此处名词作主语, lose "丢失",动词,其名词是 loss ,结合语境应用单数名词,故填 loss 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作主语。
12.【答案】is damaged
【知识点】动词的语态;一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意:如果没有氧气,大脑会很快受损。此处是谓语动词,与主语 the brain 是被动关系,应用被动语态,陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填 is damaged 。
【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
【答案】13.at the first attempt
14.suffer from
15.take measures to
16.run out
17.rescued;from
18.breathe in
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】run out动词短语,"用完,用光"; at the first attempt介词短语,"第一次尝试"; take measures to do sth.动词短语,"采取措施做.......";breathe in动词短语,"吸入"; suffer from动词短语,"遭受"; rescue...from…动词短语,"从......挽救......"。
【点评】考查选词填空,要求考生在理解句义的基础上,根据方框内所给的短语,结合相关的语法知识,做出正确答案。
13.句意:她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。 at the first attempt介词短语,"第一次尝试",此处作状语,故填at the first attempt 。
14.句意:世界上大多数行业都面临缺水问题。 suffer from动词短语,"遭受",would后接动词原形,故填 suffer from。
15.句意:中国是否会采取措施保护在埃及的投资?take measures to do sth.动词短语,"采取措施做.......",will后接动词原形,故填take measures to 。
16.句意:沙特阿拉伯的地下水可能在50年后耗尽。run out动词短语,"用完,用光",might后接动词原形,故填run out 。
17.句意:直升机从燃烧的大楼屋顶上救出了近20人。 rescue...from…动词短语,"从......挽救......",此处是谓语动词,结合语境应用一般过去时,故填rescued;from。
18.句意:我们吸入的空气越来越脏。breathe in动词短语,"吸入",此处是定语从句的谓语动词,陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填breathe in 。
【答案】19.D
20.D
21.B
22.C
【知识点】主旨大意题;推理判断题;细节理解题;新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害,造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施,展开行动,消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入到与蝗虫的战斗中来。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
19.考查推理判断。根据第一段“Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.”非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知,这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的大小、速度和危害。故选D。
20.考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.”非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。结合文章主要讲的是非洲西部发生的严重的蝗虫灾害,而且各方面正为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。可知,文章主要介绍了一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争,故选D。
21.考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“‘We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster ,' said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.”毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah说:“我们现在每天要处理6,000公顷的蝗虫,但是我们需要每天处理20,000公顷的蝗虫,这样才有希望控制这场灾难。可知,蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B。
22.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts”现在,在阻止这场灾难的战斗中,西非塞内加尔的一家电台向听众提供50公斤大米,如果他们能够捕捉并杀死50公斤蝗虫的话。由此可知,A选项“苏丹南方发展联盟—调频广播电台为抗击蝗虫提供奖励,以便更多的人参与这项努力”正确;第三段中的“As they move they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa.”随着它们的迁徙,它们会繁殖后代,数量也会增加,很快就会威胁到非洲东北部的苏丹。由此可知,可知B选项“塞内加尔在苏丹的西南部”正确;以及最后一段中的“Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough.”尽管12个国家的领导人已经就一项计划达成一致,但预计这还不够。由此可知,D选项“受蝗虫影响的12个国家已经联合起来,但仍然缺乏杀虫剂”正确。只有C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到,C选项错误。故选C。
【答案】23.C;24.D;25.D;26.C;27.A;28.D;29.B;30.A;31.C;32.B;33.A;34.D;35.A;36.C;37.B
【知识点】记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了英国登山家乔 辛普森和西蒙 耶茨攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇,他们成功在西坡登顶。但是在下山时却遇到了困难,乔腿部受伤,西蒙不得不放弃乔,西蒙本以为乔会死掉,结果三天后,乔奇迹般的走回了营地。
【点评】考查完形填空,本题考点涉及副词,动词,名词,形容词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。
23.句意:他们成功地到达了山顶,但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A:hurriedly"匆忙地";B:carefully"仔细地 ";C:successfully"成功地";D:early "早"。根据上文"Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains"可知,他们成功地到达了山顶。故选C。
24.句意:他们都知道,如果西蒙继续一个人走,他很可能会安全的回来。A:climbed"爬";B:worked"工作";C:rested"休息";D:continued "继续"。根据上文可知,乔受伤了,所以西蒙如果不管乔,一个人继续下山,他很可能会安全的回来。故选D。
25.句意:但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险,试着用绳子把乔吊下山。A:fortune"财富";B:time"时间";C:health"健康";D:life "生活,生命"。在困难的情况下西蒙带上受伤的同伴是在冒着生命的危险。故选D。
26.句意:当他们下山时,天气变得更糟了。A:lay"躺";B:settled"安置,解决";C:went"去";D:looked"看"。根据上文" try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳)"试着用绳子把乔吊下山。可知此处指下山之后,故选C。
27.句意:他们看不见对方,也听不见对方说话,西蒙误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边。A:by mistake"错误地";B:by chance"偶然地";C:by choice"出于选择";D:by luck "靠运气"。由于恶劣的天气他们看不清楚也听不清楚,因而西蒙错误地把乔用绳子放到了悬崖边,故选A。
28.句意:乔不可能爬回来,西蒙也不可能把他拉上来。A:unnecessary"没必要的";B:practical"实际的";C:important"重要的";D:impossible"不可能的" 。 因为乔受了伤,而又是在悬崖边,所以对于乔来说爬上来是不可能的,西蒙也是不可能下去救他,故选D。
29.句意:乔的重量慢慢地把西蒙拉向悬崖。A:height"高度";B:weight"重量";C:strength"力气";D:equipment "设备"。根据语境可知西蒙是在用绳子把乔往山下送,所以能影响到西蒙的是乔的重量,故选B。
30.句意:最后,在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后,西蒙不得不做出决定。A:Finally"最终,最后";B:Patiently"耐心地";C:Surely"当然,一定";D:Quickly "快地"。 西蒙坚持到最后,不忍心放弃他的同伴,故选A。
31.句意:最后,在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后,西蒙不得不做出决定。A:stand back"往后站";B:take a rest"休息";C:make a decision"做出决定";D:hold on"坚持"。根据下文可知他终于做出了放弃朋友的决定 ,故选C。
32.句意:乔掉入了一个巨大的裂缝下面的冰上。A:jumped"跳";B:fell"摔倒,掉下";C:escaped"逃脱";D:backed "支持"。根据上文" In tears, he cut the rope."可知,他割掉绳子,所以乔是摔了下去。故选B。
33.句意:他不能走路,但他设法走出裂缝,开始向他们的营地移动,近10公里远。A:managed"管理";B:planned"计划";C:waited"等待";D:hoped "希望" 。根据下文可知乔成功的爬回营地,活了下来。所以这是他设法走出裂缝的结果。故选A。
34.句意:西蒙已经回到山脚下的营地。A:headed for"朝......进发";B:traveled to"旅行去某地";C:left for"动身去......";D:returned to "回到"。根据空后"he didn't want to leave"可知,他回到营地了,故选D。
35.句意:他认为乔一定是死了,但他不想马上离开。A:dead"死的";B:hurt"受伤的";C:weak"虚弱的";D:late "迟的" 。根据常识可知,在那种极端的情况下,他以为乔会死掉,故选A。
36.句意: 他认为乔一定是死了,但他不想马上离开。A:secretly"秘密地";B:tiredly"疲倦地";C:immediately"立即";D:anxiously "焦虑地" 。根据下文可知他又在营地里呆了几天,没有立即返回,故选C。
37.句意:他简直不敢相信。A:find"发现";B:believe"相信";C:make"使,制作";D:accept "接受" 。根据下文"Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive."可知他没想到乔会活着回来,所以不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B。
【答案】38.However;39.terribly;40.in;41.struck;42.caused;43.centuries;44.a;45.development;46.more;47.predicting
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了世界上最致命的自然灾害之一——地震,和它给人们带来的灾难以及为预防地震科学家所付出的努力。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及副词,介词,时态,非谓语动词,名词,冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
38.句意:但是,它们中的大多数都太弱了,感觉不到。前后是转折关系,后有逗号,应用副词however,故填 However 。
39.句意:句意:然后,大地可怕地震动,许多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是谓语动词,由副词修饰,故填terribly。
40.句意:作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一,地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。result in固定短语,"导致,结果是",故填in。
41.句意:在2008年,一场可怕的地震袭击了中国四川省,造成严重的人员伤亡。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语In 2008,可知,应用一般过去时,故填struck。
42.句意:除了地震造成的巨大破坏和死亡,其他事故如火灾经常随之而来。句中the great damage and deaths和动词cause之间是被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
43.句意:几个世纪以来,人们一直在研究地震。所给词century是可数名词,这里指"几个世纪",所以用名词复数。故填centuries。
44.句意:例如,大约2000年前,一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器,这种机器可以知道地震波来的方向。这里表示泛指,Chinese是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a表示"一位名叫张衡的中国科学家"。故填a。
45.句意:随着现代科学技术的快速发展,我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。句中rapid是形容词,修饰名词,所给词develop是动词,其名词是development。故填development。
46.句意:随着现代科学技术的快速发展,我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。此处暗含比较,应用副词比较级,故填more。
47.句意:然而,对科学家来说,准确预测地震发生的时间和地点,并不能阻止它的发生仍然是困难的。 have difficulty doing固定短语,"做.....有困难",故填 predicting 。
48.【答案】Dear John,
An animal protection organization in our city is going to hold an activity to set free wild animals to nature in the forest park at 10 o'clock next Saturday Morning. I would like to invite you to take part in it.
The organization has been working to protect wildlife. The workers have rescued many wild animals, including some rare ones. This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild!
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文;文字式应用文;半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件,要求考生以李华的身份写信邀请你校交换生John 。写作背景: 你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。 写作要点已经给出,属于提纲类组作文,内容包括:1)时间和地点;2)活动内容介绍。提示中的内容比较泛泛,需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高,要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全,结构完整,条理清晰,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分,使整个文章结构紧凑,很好地完成了写作任务。例如:An animal protection organization in our city is going to hold an activity to set free wild animals to nature in the forest park at 10 o'clock next Saturday Morning.运用了不定式作目的状语; This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. 运用了原因状语从句;I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild!运用了宾语从句。
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高中英语北师大版(2019)必修二Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 2 课后练
一、基础词汇集训
1.()基础词汇集训
(1) n.神秘事物,难以理解的事物
(2) n.灵魂
(3) adj.受惊的,害怕的
(4) adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的
(5) n.边缘
(6) adj.好奇的
(7) n.观察,观察结果
(8) adj.相等的;相同的
(9) n.面积;长度;范围;程度
(10) n.&w营救:数把
【答案】(1)mystery
(2)soul
(3)frightened
(4)horrible
(5)edge
(6)curious
(7)observation
(8)equal
(9)extent
(10)rescue
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)" 神秘事物,难以理解的事物 "名词, mystery,不可数,故答案为: mystery 。
(2)" 灵魂 "名词, soul ,不可数,故答案为: soul 。
(3)" 受惊的,害怕的 ",形容词,应用-ed形式,即 frightened ,故答案为: frightened 。
(4)" 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 "形容词,应用 horrible,故答案为: horrible 。
(5)" 边缘 "名词,应用 edge ,故答案为: edge 。
(6)" 好奇的 "形容词,应用 curious ,胡答案为: curious 。
(7)"观察;观察结果"名词,应用 observation ,故答案为: observation 。
(8)"相等的;相同的"形容词,应用 equal ,故答案为: equal 。
(9)"面积;长度;范围;程度"名词,应用 extent ,故填 extent 。
(10)" 营救 "名词&动词,应用 rescue , 第三人称单数:rescues 复数:rescues 现在分词:rescuing 过去式:rescued 过去分词:rescued ,故填 rescue 。
【点评】本题要求考生根据汉语提示准确识记英文单词。
(1)"神秘事物,难以理解的事物"名词,mystery ,不可数,故答案为: mystery 。
(2)" 灵魂 "名词, soul ,不可数,故答案为: soul 。
(3)" 受惊的,害怕的 ",形容词,应用-ed形式,即 frightened ,故答案为: frightened 。
(4)" 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的 "形容词,应用 horrible ,故答案为: horrible 。
(5)" 边缘 "名词,应用 edge ,故答案为: edge 。
(6)" 好奇的 "形容词,应用 curious ,胡答案为: curious 。
(7)"观察;观察结果"名词,应用 observation ,故答案为: observation 。
(8)"相等的;相同的"形容词,应用 equal ,故答案为: equal 。
(9)"面积;长度;范围;程度"名词,应用 extent ,故填 extent 。
(10)" 营救 "名词&动词,应用 rescue ,故填 rescue 。
2.()基础词汇集训
(1) n.交通工具,车辆
(2) . vt.困住;使陷于危险中
(3) n. 努力,尝试,企图
(4) v.打断讲话
(5) n.死,死亡
(6) n.丧失;死亡
(7) n.伤害,损伤,损害
(8) vt.估量,衡量;测运
(9) n.行动,活动;手术;操作
(10) adv. 在海外,在外国
(11) n.过程,进程
(12) n.保护:防护
【答案】(1)vehicle
(2)trap
(3)attempt
(4)interrupt
(5)death
(6)loss
(7)damage
(8)measure
(9)operation
(10)overseas
(11)process
(12)protection
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)" 交通工具,车辆 "名词,应用 vehicle ,故填 vehicle 。
(2)"困住,使陷于危险中"动词,应用 trap , 第三人称单数:traps 复数:traps 现在分词:trapping 过去式:trapped 过去分词:trapped ,故填 trap 。
(3)" 努力,尝试,企图 "名词,应用 attempt ,故填 attempt 。
(4)" 打断讲话 "动词,应用 interrupt ,故 interrupt 。
(5)" 死,死亡 "名词,应用 death ,故填 death 。
(6)"丧失,死亡"名词,应用loss,故填loss。
(7)" 伤害,损伤,损害 "名词,应用 damage ,故填 damage 。
(8)"估量,衡量;测运 "动词,应用 measure , 第三人称单数:measures 复数:measures 现在分词:measuring 过去式:measured 过去分词:measured ,故填 measure 。
(9)"行动,活动;手术;操作"名词,应用 operation ,故填 operation 。
(10)" 在海外,在外国 "副词,应用 overseas ,故填 overseas 。
(11)" 过程,进程 "名词,应用 process ,故填 process 。
(12)"保护;防护",名词,应用 protection ,故填 protection 。
【点评】本题要求考生根据汉语提示准确识记英文单词。
(1)" 交通工具,车辆 "名词,应用 vehicle ,故填 vehicle 。
(2)"困住,使陷于危险中"动词,应用 trap ,故填 trap 。
(3)" 努力,尝试,企图 "名词,应用 attempt ,故填 attempt 。
(4)" 打断讲话 "动词,应用 interrupt ,故 interrupt 。
(5)" 死,死亡 "名词,应用 death ,故填 death 。
(6)"丧失,死亡"名词,应用loss,故填loss。
(7)" 伤害,损伤,损害 "名词,应用 damage ,故填 damage 。
(8)"估量,衡量;测运 "动词,应用 measure ,故填 measure 。
(9)"行动,活动;手术;操作"名词,应用 operation ,故填 operation 。
(10)" 在海外,在外国 "副词,应用 overseas ,故填 overseas 。
(11)" 过程,进程 "名词,应用 process ,故填 process 。
(12)"保护;防护",名词,应用 protection ,故填 protection 。
二、单句语法填空
3.()Salt water hit against her face, making it difficult to (breath).
【答案】breathe
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意:盐水打在她的脸上,使她呼吸困难。此处是动词不定式作宾语, breath "呼吸",名词,其动词是 breathe ,故填 breathe 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及不定式作宾语。
4.()Wood is a poor (conduct) of heat and electricity.
【答案】conductor
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:木材是热和电的不良导体。此处名词作表语, conduct "传导,指挥",动词,其名词是 conductor "导体",不定冠词后接单数名词,故填 conductor 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作表语。
5.()I managed to work for two hours without (interrupt).
【答案】interruption
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:我设法连续工作了两个小时。此处名词作介词宾语, interrupt "打断",动词,其名词是 interruption ,不可数名词,故填 interruption 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
6.()For more than a decade after her (die), Kahlo's works remained largely unnoticed by the world.
【答案】death
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:在她去世后的十多年里,卡罗的作品基本上没有被世界注意到。此处名词作介词宾语, die "死",动词,其名词是 death ,不可数,故填 death 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
7.()Then he heard "Help! I'm (trap)!" coming from the second floor balcony(阳台).
【答案】trapped
【知识点】动词的语态;一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意: 然后他听到二楼阳台传来"救命!我被困住了!"。此处是谓语动词,结合句意和空前的助动词am,可知应用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 trapped 。
【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
8.()She couldn't afford the (operate) because her family was poor.
【答案】operation
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:她负担不起手术费用,因为她的家庭很穷。此处名词作宾语, operate "手术",动词,其名词是 operation ,结合语境应用单数名词,故填 operation 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作宾语。
9.()Students are waiting (anxious) for the result of the final exam.
【答案】anxiously
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意:学生们焦急地等待着期末考试的结果。此处副词修饰谓语动词 are waiting , anxious "焦急的",形容词,其副词是 anxiously ,作状语,故填 anxiously 。
【点评】考查副词,本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
10.()There are some tall trees on the hill, some (measure) 30 meters.
【答案】measuring
【知识点】动词现在分词;独立主格结构
【解析】【分析】句意:山上有一些高大的树,有些高达30米。some与 measure 在逻辑上是主谓关系,现在分词表主动,此处是独立主格结构,故填 measuring 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及独立主格结构。
11.()In today's information age, the (lose) of data can cause serious problems for a company.
【答案】loss
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意:在当今的信息时代,数据的丢失可能会给公司带来严重的问题。此处名词作主语, lose "丢失",动词,其名词是 loss ,结合语境应用单数名词,故填 loss 。
【点评】考查名词,本题涉及名词作主语。
12.()Without oxygen, the brain (damage) quickly.
【答案】is damaged
【知识点】动词的语态;一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意:如果没有氧气,大脑会很快受损。此处是谓语动词,与主语 the brain 是被动关系,应用被动语态,陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填 is damaged 。
【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
三、选词填空
()选词填空
run out; at the first attempt; take measures to do sth.; breathe in; suffer from; rescue...from…
13.She passed her driving test .
14.Most industries in the world water shortages.
15.Will China protect its investments in Egypt
16.The underground water in Saudi Arabia might in 50 years.
17.Helicopters nearly 20 people the roof of the burning building.
18.The air we is getting dirtier and dirtier.
【答案】13.at the first attempt
14.suffer from
15.take measures to
16.run out
17.rescued;from
18.breathe in
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】run out动词短语,"用完,用光"; at the first attempt介词短语,"第一次尝试"; take measures to do sth.动词短语,"采取措施做.......";breathe in动词短语,"吸入"; suffer from动词短语,"遭受"; rescue...from…动词短语,"从......挽救......"。
【点评】考查选词填空,要求考生在理解句义的基础上,根据方框内所给的短语,结合相关的语法知识,做出正确答案。
13.句意:她第一次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。 at the first attempt介词短语,"第一次尝试",此处作状语,故填at the first attempt 。
14.句意:世界上大多数行业都面临缺水问题。 suffer from动词短语,"遭受",would后接动词原形,故填 suffer from。
15.句意:中国是否会采取措施保护在埃及的投资?take measures to do sth.动词短语,"采取措施做.......",will后接动词原形,故填take measures to 。
16.句意:沙特阿拉伯的地下水可能在50年后耗尽。run out动词短语,"用完,用光",might后接动词原形,故填run out 。
17.句意:直升机从燃烧的大楼屋顶上救出了近20人。 rescue...from…动词短语,"从......挽救......",此处是谓语动词,结合语境应用一般过去时,故填rescued;from。
18.句意:我们吸入的空气越来越脏。breathe in动词短语,"吸入",此处是定语从句的谓语动词,陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填breathe in 。
四、阅读理解
()阅读理解
Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.
And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. "We think this idea will get more people to take part in the war on the locusts," said Abdoulaye Ba, from Sud-FM, a radio station in one of Senegal's worst affected areas.
This is West Africa's biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten(威胁) Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia. Experts say the harmful effect on crops in areas already suffering from food shortage and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the areas are not well equipped to fight the pest.
Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. "We are now treating 6,000 hectares(公顷) per day with pesticide (杀虫剂), but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster," said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.
"Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the disaster," ,the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization warned.
19.What's the author's intention by using "a dark cloud" to describe locusts in the first paragraph
A.To show the size and speed of the mass of locusts.
B.To suggest the great damage that locusts can cause.
C.To warn that locusts may sweep the continent like rain clouds.
D.Both A and
20.The story is mainly about ________.
A.West Africa's united effort in fighting a disaster
B.the difficulty in controlling locusts
C.how locusts caused great damage to West Africa
D.a struggle to fight against a disaster brought by locusts in West Africa
21.The locust disaster ______.
A.will be even more serious in Asia
B.is out of control
C.is affecting only the warning areas
D.cannot be stopped unless twice as much pesticide is provided for the affected areas
22.Which of the following is NOT mentioned
A.A radio station offers a reward for fighting locusts so that more people will join in the effort.
B.Senegal is to the west of Sudan.
C.The locusts can cause such damage mainly because it has no natural enemy in West Africa.
D.12 countries affected by locusts have united.
【答案】19.D
20.D
21.B
22.C
【知识点】主旨大意题;推理判断题;细节理解题;新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了非洲的部分地区遭受了非常严重的蝗虫灾害,造成了很大的损失。现在政府及其他国家的领袖都已经采取措施,展开行动,消灭蝗虫。电台也呼吁更多的人加入到与蝗虫的战斗中来。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
19.考查推理判断。根据第一段“Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.”非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。可推知,这里是用乌云来形容蝗虫的大小、速度和危害。故选D。
20.考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Parts of Africa are covered by a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts (蝗虫) that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.”非洲部分地区被乌云覆盖,但这并不是雨云,而是由数十亿只蝗虫组成的活云,它们正在穿越非洲大陆,吃掉路上的所有东西。结合文章主要讲的是非洲西部发生的严重的蝗虫灾害,而且各方面正为消灭蝗虫而做着努力。可知,文章主要介绍了一场与西非蝗虫带来的灾难作斗争,故选D。
21.考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“‘We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster ,' said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.”毛里塔尼亚蝗虫控制中心主任Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah说:“我们现在每天要处理6,000公顷的蝗虫,但是我们需要每天处理20,000公顷的蝗虫,这样才有希望控制这场灾难。可知,蝗虫灾害目前失去了控制。故选B。
22.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And now in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts”现在,在阻止这场灾难的战斗中,西非塞内加尔的一家电台向听众提供50公斤大米,如果他们能够捕捉并杀死50公斤蝗虫的话。由此可知,A选项“苏丹南方发展联盟—调频广播电台为抗击蝗虫提供奖励,以便更多的人参与这项努力”正确;第三段中的“As they move they produce young and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa.”随着它们的迁徙,它们会繁殖后代,数量也会增加,很快就会威胁到非洲东北部的苏丹。由此可知,可知B选项“塞内加尔在苏丹的西南部”正确;以及最后一段中的“Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough.”尽管12个国家的领导人已经就一项计划达成一致,但预计这还不够。由此可知,D选项“受蝗虫影响的12个国家已经联合起来,但仍然缺乏杀虫剂”正确。只有C选项“蝗虫能造成这样的破坏主要是因为它们在西非没有天敌”文章没有提到,C选项错误。故选C。
五、完形填空
()完形填空
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 23. , but on their way back conditions were very difficult. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 24. alone, he would probably get back safely. But Simon decided to risk his 25. and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳).
As they 26. down, the weather got worse. Then another trouble occurred. They couldn't see or hear each other and, 27. , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 28. for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's 29. was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 30. after more than an hour in the dark and the icy-cold, Simon had to 31. . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 32. into a large crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn't walk, but he 33. to get out of the crevasse and started to move towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers away.
Simon had 34. the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 35. , but he didn't want to leave 36. . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe's voice. He couldn't 37. it. Joe was there, a few meter's from their tent, still alive.
23.A.hurriedly B.carefully C.successfully D.early
24.A.climbed B.worked C.rested D.continued
25.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life
26.A.lay B.settled C.went D.looked
27.A.by mistake B.by chance C.by choice D.by luck
28.A.unnecessary B.practical C.important D.impossible
29.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment
30.A.Finally B.Patiently C.Surely D.Quickly
31.A.stand back B.take a rest
C.make a decision D.hold on
32.A.jumped B.fell C.escaped D.backed
33.A.managed B.planned C.waited D.hoped
34.A.headed for B.traveled to C.left for D.returned to
35.A.dead B.hurt C.weak D.late
36.A.secretly B.tiredly C.immediately D.anxiously
37.A.find B.believe C.make D.accept
【答案】23.C;24.D;25.D;26.C;27.A;28.D;29.B;30.A;31.C;32.B;33.A;34.D;35.A;36.C;37.B
【知识点】记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了英国登山家乔 辛普森和西蒙 耶茨攀登秘鲁境内安第斯山脉的Siula Grande峰时的遭遇,他们成功在西坡登顶。但是在下山时却遇到了困难,乔腿部受伤,西蒙不得不放弃乔,西蒙本以为乔会死掉,结果三天后,乔奇迹般的走回了营地。
【点评】考查完形填空,本题考点涉及副词,动词,名词,形容词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。
23.句意:他们成功地到达了山顶,但是在返回的路上情况非常艰难。A:hurriedly"匆忙地";B:carefully"仔细地 ";C:successfully"成功地";D:early "早"。根据上文"Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains"可知,他们成功地到达了山顶。故选C。
24.句意:他们都知道,如果西蒙继续一个人走,他很可能会安全的回来。A:climbed"爬";B:worked"工作";C:rested"休息";D:continued "继续"。根据上文可知,乔受伤了,所以西蒙如果不管乔,一个人继续下山,他很可能会安全的回来。故选D。
25.句意:但是西蒙决定冒着生命危险,试着用绳子把乔吊下山。A:fortune"财富";B:time"时间";C:health"健康";D:life "生活,生命"。在困难的情况下西蒙带上受伤的同伴是在冒着生命的危险。故选D。
26.句意:当他们下山时,天气变得更糟了。A:lay"躺";B:settled"安置,解决";C:went"去";D:looked"看"。根据上文" try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳)"试着用绳子把乔吊下山。可知此处指下山之后,故选C。
27.句意:他们看不见对方,也听不见对方说话,西蒙误把他的朋友放在了悬崖边。A:by mistake"错误地";B:by chance"偶然地";C:by choice"出于选择";D:by luck "靠运气"。由于恶劣的天气他们看不清楚也听不清楚,因而西蒙错误地把乔用绳子放到了悬崖边,故选A。
28.句意:乔不可能爬回来,西蒙也不可能把他拉上来。A:unnecessary"没必要的";B:practical"实际的";C:important"重要的";D:impossible"不可能的" 。 因为乔受了伤,而又是在悬崖边,所以对于乔来说爬上来是不可能的,西蒙也是不可能下去救他,故选D。
29.句意:乔的重量慢慢地把西蒙拉向悬崖。A:height"高度";B:weight"重量";C:strength"力气";D:equipment "设备"。根据语境可知西蒙是在用绳子把乔往山下送,所以能影响到西蒙的是乔的重量,故选B。
30.句意:最后,在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后,西蒙不得不做出决定。A:Finally"最终,最后";B:Patiently"耐心地";C:Surely"当然,一定";D:Quickly "快地"。 西蒙坚持到最后,不忍心放弃他的同伴,故选A。
31.句意:最后,在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一个多小时后,西蒙不得不做出决定。A:stand back"往后站";B:take a rest"休息";C:make a decision"做出决定";D:hold on"坚持"。根据下文可知他终于做出了放弃朋友的决定 ,故选C。
32.句意:乔掉入了一个巨大的裂缝下面的冰上。A:jumped"跳";B:fell"摔倒,掉下";C:escaped"逃脱";D:backed "支持"。根据上文" In tears, he cut the rope."可知,他割掉绳子,所以乔是摔了下去。故选B。
33.句意:他不能走路,但他设法走出裂缝,开始向他们的营地移动,近10公里远。A:managed"管理";B:planned"计划";C:waited"等待";D:hoped "希望" 。根据下文可知乔成功的爬回营地,活了下来。所以这是他设法走出裂缝的结果。故选A。
34.句意:西蒙已经回到山脚下的营地。A:headed for"朝......进发";B:traveled to"旅行去某地";C:left for"动身去......";D:returned to "回到"。根据空后"he didn't want to leave"可知,他回到营地了,故选D。
35.句意:他认为乔一定是死了,但他不想马上离开。A:dead"死的";B:hurt"受伤的";C:weak"虚弱的";D:late "迟的" 。根据常识可知,在那种极端的情况下,他以为乔会死掉,故选A。
36.句意: 他认为乔一定是死了,但他不想马上离开。A:secretly"秘密地";B:tiredly"疲倦地";C:immediately"立即";D:anxiously "焦虑地" 。根据下文可知他又在营地里呆了几天,没有立即返回,故选C。
37.句意:他简直不敢相信。A:find"发现";B:believe"相信";C:make"使,制作";D:accept "接受" 。根据下文"Joe was there,a few meters from their tent,still alive."可知他没想到乔会活着回来,所以不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B。
六、语法填空
()语法填空
Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthquakes are happening almost at every moment. 38. , most of them are too weak to feel. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes 39. (terrible) and many houses fall down.
As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, earthquakes often result 40. many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake 41. (strike) China's Sichuan Province, killing tens of thousands of people there.
Besides the great damage and deaths 42. (cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be caused. For 43. (century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example, 44. Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine which could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came.
With the rapid 45. (develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lot 46. (much) about earthquakes. However, scientists still have difficulty 47. (predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and can't stop it from happening.
【答案】38.However;39.terribly;40.in;41.struck;42.caused;43.centuries;44.a;45.development;46.more;47.predicting
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了世界上最致命的自然灾害之一——地震,和它给人们带来的灾难以及为预防地震科学家所付出的努力。
【点评】考查语法填空,本题考点涉及副词,介词,时态,非谓语动词,名词,冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
38.句意:但是,它们中的大多数都太弱了,感觉不到。前后是转折关系,后有逗号,应用副词however,故填 However 。
39.句意:句意:然后,大地可怕地震动,许多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是谓语动词,由副词修饰,故填terribly。
40.句意:作为世界上最致命的自然灾害之一,地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡。result in固定短语,"导致,结果是",故填in。
41.句意:在2008年,一场可怕的地震袭击了中国四川省,造成严重的人员伤亡。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语In 2008,可知,应用一般过去时,故填struck。
42.句意:除了地震造成的巨大破坏和死亡,其他事故如火灾经常随之而来。句中the great damage and deaths和动词cause之间是被动关系,是过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。
43.句意:几个世纪以来,人们一直在研究地震。所给词century是可数名词,这里指"几个世纪",所以用名词复数。故填centuries。
44.句意:例如,大约2000年前,一位名叫张衡的中国科学家发明了一种机器,这种机器可以知道地震波来的方向。这里表示泛指,Chinese是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a表示"一位名叫张衡的中国科学家"。故填a。
45.句意:随着现代科学技术的快速发展,我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。句中rapid是形容词,修饰名词,所给词develop是动词,其名词是development。故填development。
46.句意:随着现代科学技术的快速发展,我们现在对地震有了更多的了解。此处暗含比较,应用副词比较级,故填more。
47.句意:然而,对科学家来说,准确预测地震发生的时间和地点,并不能阻止它的发生仍然是困难的。 have difficulty doing固定短语,"做.....有困难",故填 predicting 。
七、书面表达
48.()假定你是李华,你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。请你写信邀请你校交换生John参加,内容包括:
1)时间和地点;
2)活动内容介绍。
注意:
1)词数80左右;
2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:野生的 wild
【答案】Dear John,
An animal protection organization in our city is going to hold an activity to set free wild animals to nature in the forest park at 10 o'clock next Saturday Morning. I would like to invite you to take part in it.
The organization has been working to protect wildlife. The workers have rescued many wild animals, including some rare ones. This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild!
Looking forward to your early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文;文字式应用文;半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件,要求考生以李华的身份写信邀请你校交换生John 。写作背景: 你市一家动物保护组织要在森林公园举办野生动物放归大自然活动。 写作要点已经给出,属于提纲类组作文,内容包括:1)时间和地点;2)活动内容介绍。提示中的内容比较泛泛,需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高,要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全,结构完整,条理清晰,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分,使整个文章结构紧凑,很好地完成了写作任务。例如:An animal protection organization in our city is going to hold an activity to set free wild animals to nature in the forest park at 10 o'clock next Saturday Morning.运用了不定式作目的状语; This time they are going to free some of the animals, because they should live in the natural environment. 运用了原因状语从句;I think it must be exciting to watch these animals to return to the wild!运用了宾语从句。
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