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高中英语北师大版（2019）必修二Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 1 课后练
一、基础词汇集训
1．（）基础词汇集训
（1） n.飓风
（2） adj.火山的，由火山作用引起的
（3） n.爆发
（4） n.野生动植物，野生生物
（5） n.评论;意见
（6） adj.拥挤的;挤满人
（7） n.风景，景色
（8） adj.活的，活着的
（9） n.野草;海藻
（10） n.土壤
（）基础词汇集训
2． n.气候
3． n.生态；生态学
4． n.(热带)丛林
5． v.使震惊；使难以置信
6． n.讲座，讲课；演讲
7． vt.过度使用；滥用
8． n.温室，暖房
9． n.题目，标题
10． n.海浪；波涛
11． vi.&v.逃离；逃避
12． vi.&vt. 活下来；幸存
13． n.诗歌；作诗的艺术
二、单句语法填空
14．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal) respected.
15．（）He was (curious) silent through all this.
16．（）Her language, as I hear, is vivid, direct and full of (observe) and wisdom.
17．（）For sudden heart failure, the best chance of (survive) is having someone nearby step in and perform CPR quickly.
18．（）China's deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe, (shape) like a fish, set a new record of 10,909 meters on Nov. 10, 2020.
19．（）Never in his life had Shay run that far but he made it to first base, wide-eyed and (shock).
20．（）These (comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
21．（）The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and (crowd).
22．（）An unpleasant smell (float) into my nose as the bowl of fried stinky tofu settled onto my dinner table.
23．（）The biggest (environment) problem is air pollution.
三、选词填空
（）选词填空
pick up, as if, fall down, as a result, in the direction of, on the edge of, be covered with, less than, close to, the moment
24．I saw him drive away the city.
25．She stood the river staring into space.
26．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me I had done it.
27． I saw her, I told her the good news that he was admitted to Beijing University.
28．I discovered that the mountain was snow.
29．You must watch your step so as not to .
30．We finished the run in half the time allowed
31． the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around it.
32． , people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
33．Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
四、阅读理解
（）阅读理解
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, or simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.
Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.
Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks (鹰), the com and grain they stored would be destroyed by rats and mice. Why Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiply (繁殖) quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws to protect animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.
34．Why do people kill animals
A．They kill animals to raise money.
B．Animals destroy their natural resources.
C．Animals create many problems.
D．They kill animals for something they need.
35．What has happened to the animals on the earth
A．Millions of kinds of animals have disappeared forever.
B．Many kinds of animals have died out.
C．About 170 kinds of animals have disappeared forever.
D．All kinds of animals are in danger.
36．Why are animals important to us
A．They give us a source of food. B．They are beautiful and lovely.
C．They keep the balance of nature. D．They give us a lot of pleasure.
37．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals.
B．Animals in danger will not be killed any more.
C．The number of some animals in danger will increase.
D．Animals in danger will be kept away from people.
五、七选五
（）七选五
The Amazon Rainforest: A Natural Treasure
Welcome to the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries. With an area of 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometers in length. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. 38．
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
39． Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, and is home to different kinds of living things.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. The jaguar(美洲豹) is one example. It has yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 40． These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen. 41． Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.
42． As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle fanning continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"
A.They feed on many species, including frogs.
B.Thus, it's often known as the "lungs of the planet".
C.Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest.
D.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.
E.They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth.
F.Currently the trees in the Amazon rainforest absorb around 500 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year.
G.Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
六、完形填空
（）完形填空
It was late, about 10: 15 p. m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She'd just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 43． on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then— wham! Out of nowhere a car T-boned Esposito's minivan, 44． her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 45． in the minivan, bruised (撞伤) but mostly just knocked out by the 46． and the airbags.
As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 47． . He'd just closed his book and was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 48． and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 49． to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. "Any firefighter would have done what I did," he told Nevosday. "We're always on duty."
The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 50． Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 51． Esposito's minivan positioned on the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming train.
"The gates were starting to come down," he told Nezvsday. "I see the headlight of the train." DiPinto ran quickly to Esposito's minivan and knocked on the driver's side window. She 52． looked at him, her eyes unfocused. "I don't know where I am," she said. She seemed unhurt. "Honey, you're on the railroad 53． ," DiPinto shouted. "We have to get you off right now!" He pulled hard on the handle, but the door was crashed in and 54． . The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the door. "Please, don't let her be 55． ," he thought. He pushed aside the deflating (瘪了的) airbags, grabbed Esposito's arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 56． behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. "It was like a Hollywood movie" DiPinto told reporters the next day.
But this one had a twist. "Last night," South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino told CBS New York, "the 57． arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck."
43．A．drove B．walked C．rode D．hiked
44．A．allowing B．forcing C．ordering D．reminding
45．A．sat B．stood C．hid D．waited
46．A．action B．noise C．impact D．bomb
47．A．class B．work C．dinner D．bed
48．A．doctor B．driver C．firefighter D．engineer
49．A．stopped B．troubled C．intended D．wanted
50．A．warned B．caught C．hit D．followed
51．A．observed B．spotted C．realized D．predicted
52．A．yet B．just C．still D．even
53．A．yards B．stations C．bridges D．tracks
54．A．unlocked B．jammed C．open D．gone
55．A．scared B．ignored C．trapped D．defeated
56．A．return B．work C．safety D．life
57．A．police B．actor C．reporter D．hero
七、语法填空
语法填空
Starting a wildlife conservation center is a necessary 58． important job, but it hardly brings money to its founder and so it is for Jane Thomas. She spent several years 59． (build) the Motley Zoo, and devoted herself to wildlife 60． (protect) in Redmond, Washington, but all money she made was spent straight back on the zoo. She was determined 61． (continue) to do her work, even though there was little money to reward her.
But things changed this year. "As crazy as it sounded, because of my efforts, I received a secret donation: $ 9,000," Thomas said. She decided to use the money 62． was donated by a stranger this year to rescue more animals. She advertised the animal rescue on the street and received much support from 63． public.
Thomas said, "Ever since I advertised the animal rescue on the street, I 64． (attract) many people. Now when I walk on the street, many 65． (passer-by) wave and even shout to me 'I adopted (收养) my dog from you!' I feel 66． (shock) that people treat me 67． (nicely) than ever. "
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）hurricane
（2）volcanic
（3）eruption
（4）wildlife
（5）comment
（6）crowded
（7）landscape
（8）living
（9）weed
（10）soil
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)"飓风"，名词，hurricane，复数：hurricanes。故填hurricane。
(2)"火山的，由火山作用引起的"，形容词，volcanic。故填volcanic。
(3)"爆发"，名词，eruption，复数：eruptions。故填eruption。
(4)"野生动植物，野生生物"，名词，wildlife。故填wildlife。
(5)"评论；意见"，名词，comment，复数：comments。故填comment。
(6)"拥挤的；挤满人"，形容词，crowded，动词形式：crowd。 故填crowded。
(7)"风景，景色"，名词，landscape，复数：landscapes。 故填landscape。
(8)"活的，活着的"，形容词，living， 故填living。
(9)"野草；海藻"，名词，weed，复数：weeds。 故填weed。
(10)"土壤"，名词，soil，复数：soils。 故填soil。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考生注意日常积累和单词词性区分。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
（7）
（8）
（9）
（10）
【答案】2．climate
3．ecology
4．jungle
5．shock
6．lecture
7．overuse
8．greenhouse
9．title
10．wave
11．escape
12．survive
13．poetry
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)"气候"，名词，climate，复数：climates。故填climate。
(2)"生态；生态学"，名词，ecology，复数：ecologies。故填ecology。
(3)"(热带)丛林"，名词，jungle，复数：jungles。 故填jungle。
(4)"使震惊；使难以置信"，动词， shock，第三人称单数：shocks 复数：shocks 现在分词：shocking 过去式：shocked 过去分词：shocked。 故填shock。
(5)"讲座，讲课；演讲"，名词，lecture，复数：lectures。 故填lecture。
(6)"过度使用；滥用"，及物动词，overuse，第三人称单数：overuses 现在分词：overusing 过去式：overused 过去分词：overused。 故填overuse。
(7)"温室，暖房"，名词，greenhouse，复数：greenhouses。 故填greenhouse。
(8)"题目，标题"，名词， title， 复数：titles。 故填title。
(9) "海浪；波涛"，名词， wave，复数：waves。 故填wave。
(10)"逃离；逃避"，动词， escape，第三人称单数：escapes 复数：escapes 现在分词：escaping 过去式：escaped 过去分词：escaped。 故填escape。
(11) "活下来；幸存"，动词，survive，第三人称单数：survives 现在分词：surviving 过去式：survived 过去分词：survived。 故填survive。
(12) "诗歌；作诗的艺术；诗; 诗意; 诗集; 诗作"，名词，poetry。 故填poetry。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考生注意日常积累与词汇记忆，识别记忆单词的词性、词义与拼写形式，根据要求填写单词。
2．
3．
4．
5．
6．
7．
8．
9．
10．
11．
12．
13．
14．【答案】equally
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：任何人，无论是官员还是公交车司机，都应该受到同样的尊重。此处副词作状语， equal “相等的，同等的”，形容词，其副词是 equally，修饰谓语动词be respected，故填 equally。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
15．【答案】curiously
【知识点】语法填空；副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：奇怪的是，他在整个过程中一直保持沉默。空处修饰系表结构was silent，作状语，应填副词curiously"奇怪地"。故填curiously。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及副词curiously的用法。
16．【答案】observation
【知识点】普通名词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：据我所知，她的语言生动、直接，充满观察力和智慧。分析可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应填名词observation"观察"。故填observation。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及名词observation的用法。
17．【答案】survival
【知识点】普通名词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：对于突发性心力衰竭，最好的生存机会是让附近的人迅速进行心肺复苏。分析可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应填名词survival"生存，幸存"。故填survival。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及名词survival的用法。
18．【答案】shaped
【知识点】分词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：2020年11月10日，中国深海载人潜水器"奋斗者"号，形状像鱼，创造了10909米的新纪录。分析可知，本句已有谓语动词set，所以空处应填非谓语动词，且动词shape与其逻辑主语Fendouzhe 为被动关系，应填过去分词shaped。故填shaped。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及过去分词表被动的用法。
19．【答案】shocked
【知识点】语法填空；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：谢伊从来没有跑过这么远的距离，但他成功上了一垒，眼睛睁得大大的，感到震惊。分析可知，空处与wide-eyed并列，由并列连词and连接，应保持一致，故填形容词shoched"感到震惊的"。故填shocked。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词shocked的用法考查。
20．【答案】comments
【知识点】语法填空；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这些评论是对当地记者经常提出的具体问题的回应。分析可知，空处作主语，应填名词，且由these修饰，应填可数名词复数形式，即comments"评论"。故填comments。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及可数名词comment的单复数形式考查。
21．【答案】crowded
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；语法填空；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这座19世纪的贫穷城市在很多方面都是一个可怕的地方，既肮脏又拥挤。分析可知，空处与形容词dirty并列，由并列连词and连接，所以应填形容词crowded"拥挤的"。故填crowded。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词crowded的用法。
22．【答案】was floating
【知识点】过去进行时；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：当一碗炸臭豆腐放在餐桌上时，一股难闻的气味飘进了我的鼻子。根据句意可知，空处谓语动词描述的是过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，且谓语要与主语An unpleasant smell保持主谓一致，用单数，即was floating。故填was floating。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及过去进行时的用法考查。
23．【答案】environmental
【知识点】作前置定语；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：最大的环境问题是空气污染。分析可知，空处修饰名词problem作定语，应填形容词 environmental"环境的"。故填environmental。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词environmental作定语的用法。
【答案】24．in the direction of
25．on the edge of
26．as if
27．The moment
28．covered with
29．fall down
30．less than
31．Close to
32．As a result
33．picked up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】in the direction of，介词短语，"朝......方向"；on the edge of，介词短语，"在......边缘";as if"似乎，好像";The moment"一......就"；be covered with，固定搭配，"被......覆盖"；fall down，动词短语，"跌倒"；less than"少于"；Close to，介词短语，"靠近"；As a result，介词短语，"结果"；picked up，动词短语，"偶然学会"。
【点评】考查选词填空，本题涉及介词短语，动词短语等的考查，需结合句意和语法知识选出合适答案。
24．句意：我看见他开车往城里去了。in the direction of，介词短语，"朝......方向"，此处作状语。故填in the direction of。
25．句意：她站在河边发呆。on the edge of，介词短语，"在......边缘"，此处作状语，修饰动词stood。故填on the edge of。
26．句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你怎么说得好像是我干的似的。as if此处引导一个方式状语从句，"似乎，好像"，从句用虚拟语气。故填as if。
27．句意：我一见到她，就告诉她他被北京大学录取的好消息。The moment此处引导的是时间状语从句，"一......就"。故填The moment。
28．句意：我发现山上覆盖着雪。be covered with，固定搭配，"被......覆盖"。故填covered with。
29．句意：你必须小心脚下，以免跌倒。fall down，动词短语，"跌倒"。故填fall down。
30．句意：我们不到规定时间的一半就跑完了全程。less than"少于"。故填less than。
31．句意：学校附近有一个美丽的公园，周围有许多树。Close to，介词短语，"靠近"。故填Close to。
32．句意：结果，人们会吃更多的食物来弥补缺失的东西。As a result，介词短语，"结果"，此处作状语。故填As a result。
33．句意：山姆只是通过看别人使用电脑而掌握了一些计算机知识。picked up，动词短语，"偶然学会"，此处作谓语，描述过去发生的事实，用一般过去时。故填picked up。
【答案】34．D
35．B
36．C
37．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物是人们的好朋友，也是一种人们一直在挥霍着的自然资源，由于动物的大量被猎杀，许多动物都已经灭绝了。如果人类不保护动物，那么就会破坏生态平衡，人们将受到大自然的惩罚。
【点评】本题考查阅读理解，涉及细节理解和推理判断两个常考题型的考查，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, or simply because they were in the way. ”动物被杀害是因为它们的皮毛、食物、运动，或者仅仅因为它们碍事。可知，人类为了自己的需要而杀死动物。故选D。
35．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.”成千上万种动物已经永远地从世界上消失了。可知，地球上的许多种动物已经灭绝了。故选B。
36．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. ”它们不仅仅是食物的来源。每种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。可知，动物保持了大自然的平衡，所以很重要。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.”相当多的国家已经通过了相关法律。这些法律禁止杀害任何濒危动物。慢慢地，一些濒危动物的数量在增长。可推知，一些濒危动物的数量将会增加。故选C。
【答案】38．E；39．D；40．A；41．B；42．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍亚马孙雨林。它是一个自然宝藏，但在过去的50年里，17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。
【点评】七选五答案选项比较少，且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句子再文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
38．根据上文提示"On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. "在从山脉到海洋的旅程中，这条河支持着许多不同的生态系统。承接上文，E项"They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth."他们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的动植物物种。切题。故选E。
39．根据上文提示"Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor."上面是黑暗的森林地面上的落叶。再根据空格下文"Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground."然后是高耸的古代硬木，最后是高出地面许多米的最高树木的顶部。承接上下文，D项"The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves."下一层是由长着大叶子的矮植物组成的。切题。故选D。
40．根据上文提示"While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain."虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链的一部分。再根据下文提示"These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit."反过来，这些青蛙以吃树叶和水果的昆虫为食。承接上下文，A项"They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs."它们以至少87种动物为食，包括青蛙。切题。故选A。
41．上文提示"The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen."亚马孙雨林通过固定碳和生产地球上20%以上的氧气给地球带来了生机。再根据下文提示"Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. "此外，亚马孙雨林是物种的宝库，可以用于食物或药物。承接上下文，B项"Thus, it is often known as the "lungs of the planet"."因此，它经常被称为"地球的肺"。切题。故选B。
42．根据下文提示"As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle fanning continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet" "随着农业和养牛等人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们面临一个问题：我们是否有能力破坏"地球的肺"？承接下文，G项"Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities."在过去的50年里，17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。切题。故选G。
【答案】43．A；44．B；45．A；46．C；47．D；48．C；49．A；50．C；51．B；52．B；53．D；54．B；55．C；56．C；57．D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个夜晚发生了事故，埃斯波西托的小货车被撞了，落在铁轨上，皮特 迪平托听到声音立刻出来现场进行救助，火车就要来临前的几秒钟，这个英雄顺利挽救了司机的生命的感人故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，以及词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
43．句意：她几乎是自动驾驶的：左转到车站路，然后左转到蒙托克高速公路，然后是嘭的一声！A. drove开车；B. walked走路；C. rode骑着；D. hiked远足，徒步旅行。根据上文she jumped into her Honda Odyssey可知她是开车的。故选A。
44．句意：一辆不知道从哪儿冒出来的汽车撞毁了埃斯波西托的小货车，迫使她后退了大约100英尺，落在铁轨上。A. allowing允许；B. forcing强迫；C. ordering命令，指示；D. reminding提醒。根据to move backward some 100 feet可知她是被迫后退的。故选B。
45．句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. sat坐；B. stood站立；C. hid躲藏；D. waited等待。根据knocked out可知她当时是坐着车里的。故选A。
46．句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. action行动；B. noise噪音，响声；C. impact影响，效果；D. bomb炸弹。根据the airbags可知这是被撞击造成的影响。故选C。
47．句意：事情发生时，皮特·迪平托正准备睡觉。A. class班级；B. work工作；C. dinner晚餐；D. bed床。根据下文He'd just closed his book and was getting under the covers可知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选D。
48．句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师。A. doctor医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防队员；D. engineer工程师。根据下文"Any firefighter would have done what I did," he told Newsday.可知他是一名志愿消防员。故选C。
49．句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师，他没有停下来去思考发生了什么。A. stopped停下；B. troubled麻烦；C. intended打算；D. wanted想要。根据下文He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door.这一系列动作可知他听到声音后没有停下来思考就出去了。故选A。
50．句意：他在离前院2000英尺的地方发现的第一辆车就是撞到埃斯波西托的那辆。A. warned警告；B. caught捕捉；C. hit撞击，打击，袭击；D. followed跟着，听从。根据上文Out of nowhere a car T-boned Esposito's minivan可知这是撞击了埃斯波西托的那辆车。故选C。
51．句意：当迪平托断定司机安然无恙时，他环顾四周，发现埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。A. observed观察；B. spotted发现；C. realized实现，意识到；D. predicted预测，预报。根据他的动作concluded和looked around可知此处表示他发现了埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。故选B。
52．句意：她只是看着他，眼神不集中。A. yet还，但是，已经；B. just仅仅，只是；C. still仍然；D. even甚至，即使。根据her eyes unfocused可知她当时不清醒，所以只能看着迪平托而没有其他反应。故选B。
53．。句意："亲爱的，你在铁轨上，"迪平托喊道。A. yards院子；B. stations 车站；C. bridges桥；D. tracks轨道。根据上文Esposito's minivan positioned on the railroad tracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks铁轨。故选D。
54．句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. unlocked打开的；B. jammed卡住的，拥堵的；C. open公开的，敞开的，打开的；D. gone消失的。根据but the door was crashed in可知此处表示门被卡住了。故选B。
55．句意："求求你，别让她被困住了，"他想。A. scared害怕；B. ignored忽略，不理睬；C. trapped困住；D. defeated打败。根据上文but the door was crashed in and jammed可知此处表示困住之意。故选C。
56．句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A. return返回，恢复；B. work产品，工厂，文学，工作；C. safety安全；D. life生命，生活。根据常识和behind a signal box a few feet away可知此处表示安全地带。故选C。
57．句意："昨天晚上，"南部地区救护车负责人Greg Miglino告诉纽约哥伦比亚广播公司，"英雄是穿着睡衣来的，不是坐消防车来的。"A. police警察；B. actor演员；C. reporter记者；D. hero英雄。根据arrived in pajamas可知此处指的是迪平托，他在危急时刻救了埃斯波西托，是一个英雄。故选D。
【答案】58．and；59．building；60．protection；61．to continue；62．which/that；63．the；64．have attracted；65．passers-by；66．shocked；67．more nicely
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jane Thomas拯救小动物的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，冠词，时态，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
58．句意：创办野生动物保护中心是一项必要且重要的工作，但它几乎不会为其创始人带来资金，简·托马斯也是如此。此处形容词necessary和important是并列关系， 应用and连接，故填and。
59．句意：她花了几年时间建造莫特利动物园，并在华盛顿州雷德蒙德致力于野生动物保护，但她赚到的所有钱都直接花在了动物园上。 spend+时间/钱+(in)doing sth. 固定短语，“某人花时间/钱做某事”，应用动名词作宾语，故填building。
60．句意：她花了几年时间建造莫特利动物园，并在华盛顿州雷德蒙德致力于野生动物保护，但她赚到的所有钱都直接花在了动物园上。此处to为介词，后面跟名词，故填protection。
61．句意：她决心继续做她的工作，尽管奖励她的钱很少。be determined to do sth. 固定短语，“决心做某事”，故填to continue。
62．句意：她决定用今年一个陌生人捐赠的钱来拯救更多的动物。 was donated by a stranger this year 是限制性定语从句，先行词是"the money"，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that，故填which或that。
63．句意：她在街上宣传动物救援，得到了公众的大力支持。public用作名词时表示“公众，民众”，是集合名词，常与定冠词the连用。故填the。
64．句意：自从我在街上宣传救助动物以来，就吸引了很多人。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语ever since可知，主句要用现在完成时，且主语是I，故填have attracted。
65．句意：现在我走在街上，很多路人挥手，甚至对我大喊“我收养了你的狗！”此处名词作主语，many后接可数复数，故填passers-by。
66．句意：人们对我比以往任何时候都好，我感到很震惊。此处为主系表结构，应用形容词作表语，主语为I，指人，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故填shocked。
67．句意：人们对我比以往任何时候都好，我感到很震惊。根据空后的"than ever"可知，此处是现在和以前两种情况的比较，所以要用副词的比较级，故填more nicely。
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高中英语北师大版（2019）必修二Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 1 课后练
一、基础词汇集训
1．（）基础词汇集训
（1） n.飓风
（2） adj.火山的，由火山作用引起的
（3） n.爆发
（4） n.野生动植物，野生生物
（5） n.评论;意见
（6） adj.拥挤的;挤满人
（7） n.风景，景色
（8） adj.活的，活着的
（9） n.野草;海藻
（10） n.土壤
【答案】（1）hurricane
（2）volcanic
（3）eruption
（4）wildlife
（5）comment
（6）crowded
（7）landscape
（8）living
（9）weed
（10）soil
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)"飓风"，名词，hurricane，复数：hurricanes。故填hurricane。
(2)"火山的，由火山作用引起的"，形容词，volcanic。故填volcanic。
(3)"爆发"，名词，eruption，复数：eruptions。故填eruption。
(4)"野生动植物，野生生物"，名词，wildlife。故填wildlife。
(5)"评论；意见"，名词，comment，复数：comments。故填comment。
(6)"拥挤的；挤满人"，形容词，crowded，动词形式：crowd。 故填crowded。
(7)"风景，景色"，名词，landscape，复数：landscapes。 故填landscape。
(8)"活的，活着的"，形容词，living， 故填living。
(9)"野草；海藻"，名词，weed，复数：weeds。 故填weed。
(10)"土壤"，名词，soil，复数：soils。 故填soil。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考生注意日常积累和单词词性区分。
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
（5）
（6）
（7）
（8）
（9）
（10）
（）基础词汇集训
2． n.气候
3． n.生态；生态学
4． n.(热带)丛林
5． v.使震惊；使难以置信
6． n.讲座，讲课；演讲
7． vt.过度使用；滥用
8． n.温室，暖房
9． n.题目，标题
10． n.海浪；波涛
11． vi.&v.逃离；逃避
12． vi.&vt. 活下来；幸存
13． n.诗歌；作诗的艺术
【答案】2．climate
3．ecology
4．jungle
5．shock
6．lecture
7．overuse
8．greenhouse
9．title
10．wave
11．escape
12．survive
13．poetry
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】(1)"气候"，名词，climate，复数：climates。故填climate。
(2)"生态；生态学"，名词，ecology，复数：ecologies。故填ecology。
(3)"(热带)丛林"，名词，jungle，复数：jungles。 故填jungle。
(4)"使震惊；使难以置信"，动词， shock，第三人称单数：shocks 复数：shocks 现在分词：shocking 过去式：shocked 过去分词：shocked。 故填shock。
(5)"讲座，讲课；演讲"，名词，lecture，复数：lectures。 故填lecture。
(6)"过度使用；滥用"，及物动词，overuse，第三人称单数：overuses 现在分词：overusing 过去式：overused 过去分词：overused。 故填overuse。
(7)"温室，暖房"，名词，greenhouse，复数：greenhouses。 故填greenhouse。
(8)"题目，标题"，名词， title， 复数：titles。 故填title。
(9) "海浪；波涛"，名词， wave，复数：waves。 故填wave。
(10)"逃离；逃避"，动词， escape，第三人称单数：escapes 复数：escapes 现在分词：escaping 过去式：escaped 过去分词：escaped。 故填escape。
(11) "活下来；幸存"，动词，survive，第三人称单数：survives 现在分词：surviving 过去式：survived 过去分词：survived。 故填survive。
(12) "诗歌；作诗的艺术；诗; 诗意; 诗集; 诗作"，名词，poetry。 故填poetry。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考生注意日常积累与词汇记忆，识别记忆单词的词性、词义与拼写形式，根据要求填写单词。
2．
3．
4．
5．
6．
7．
8．
9．
10．
11．
12．
13．
二、单句语法填空
14．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal) respected.
【答案】equally
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：任何人，无论是官员还是公交车司机，都应该受到同样的尊重。此处副词作状语， equal “相等的，同等的”，形容词，其副词是 equally，修饰谓语动词be respected，故填 equally。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
15．（）He was (curious) silent through all this.
【答案】curiously
【知识点】语法填空；副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：奇怪的是，他在整个过程中一直保持沉默。空处修饰系表结构was silent，作状语，应填副词curiously"奇怪地"。故填curiously。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及副词curiously的用法。
16．（）Her language, as I hear, is vivid, direct and full of (observe) and wisdom.
【答案】observation
【知识点】普通名词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：据我所知，她的语言生动、直接，充满观察力和智慧。分析可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应填名词observation"观察"。故填observation。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及名词observation的用法。
17．（）For sudden heart failure, the best chance of (survive) is having someone nearby step in and perform CPR quickly.
【答案】survival
【知识点】普通名词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：对于突发性心力衰竭，最好的生存机会是让附近的人迅速进行心肺复苏。分析可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应填名词survival"生存，幸存"。故填survival。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及名词survival的用法。
18．（）China's deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe, (shape) like a fish, set a new record of 10,909 meters on Nov. 10, 2020.
【答案】shaped
【知识点】分词；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：2020年11月10日，中国深海载人潜水器"奋斗者"号，形状像鱼，创造了10909米的新纪录。分析可知，本句已有谓语动词set，所以空处应填非谓语动词，且动词shape与其逻辑主语Fendouzhe 为被动关系，应填过去分词shaped。故填shaped。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及过去分词表被动的用法。
19．（）Never in his life had Shay run that far but he made it to first base, wide-eyed and (shock).
【答案】shocked
【知识点】语法填空；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：谢伊从来没有跑过这么远的距离，但他成功上了一垒，眼睛睁得大大的，感到震惊。分析可知，空处与wide-eyed并列，由并列连词and连接，应保持一致，故填形容词shoched"感到震惊的"。故填shocked。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词shocked的用法考查。
20．（）These (comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
【答案】comments
【知识点】语法填空；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这些评论是对当地记者经常提出的具体问题的回应。分析可知，空处作主语，应填名词，且由these修饰，应填可数名词复数形式，即comments"评论"。故填comments。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及可数名词comment的单复数形式考查。
21．（）The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and (crowd).
【答案】crowded
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；语法填空；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这座19世纪的贫穷城市在很多方面都是一个可怕的地方，既肮脏又拥挤。分析可知，空处与形容词dirty并列，由并列连词and连接，所以应填形容词crowded"拥挤的"。故填crowded。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词crowded的用法。
22．（）An unpleasant smell (float) into my nose as the bowl of fried stinky tofu settled onto my dinner table.
【答案】was floating
【知识点】过去进行时；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：当一碗炸臭豆腐放在餐桌上时，一股难闻的气味飘进了我的鼻子。根据句意可知，空处谓语动词描述的是过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，且谓语要与主语An unpleasant smell保持主谓一致，用单数，即was floating。故填was floating。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及过去进行时的用法考查。
23．（）The biggest (environment) problem is air pollution.
【答案】environmental
【知识点】作前置定语；语法填空
【解析】【分析】句意：最大的环境问题是空气污染。分析可知，空处修饰名词problem作定语，应填形容词 environmental"环境的"。故填environmental。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题涉及形容词environmental作定语的用法。
三、选词填空
（）选词填空
pick up, as if, fall down, as a result, in the direction of, on the edge of, be covered with, less than, close to, the moment
24．I saw him drive away the city.
25．She stood the river staring into space.
26．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me I had done it.
27． I saw her, I told her the good news that he was admitted to Beijing University.
28．I discovered that the mountain was snow.
29．You must watch your step so as not to .
30．We finished the run in half the time allowed
31． the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around it.
32． , people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
33．Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
【答案】24．in the direction of
25．on the edge of
26．as if
27．The moment
28．covered with
29．fall down
30．less than
31．Close to
32．As a result
33．picked up
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】in the direction of，介词短语，"朝......方向"；on the edge of，介词短语，"在......边缘";as if"似乎，好像";The moment"一......就"；be covered with，固定搭配，"被......覆盖"；fall down，动词短语，"跌倒"；less than"少于"；Close to，介词短语，"靠近"；As a result，介词短语，"结果"；picked up，动词短语，"偶然学会"。
【点评】考查选词填空，本题涉及介词短语，动词短语等的考查，需结合句意和语法知识选出合适答案。
24．句意：我看见他开车往城里去了。in the direction of，介词短语，"朝......方向"，此处作状语。故填in the direction of。
25．句意：她站在河边发呆。on the edge of，介词短语，"在......边缘"，此处作状语，修饰动词stood。故填on the edge of。
26．句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你怎么说得好像是我干的似的。as if此处引导一个方式状语从句，"似乎，好像"，从句用虚拟语气。故填as if。
27．句意：我一见到她，就告诉她他被北京大学录取的好消息。The moment此处引导的是时间状语从句，"一......就"。故填The moment。
28．句意：我发现山上覆盖着雪。be covered with，固定搭配，"被......覆盖"。故填covered with。
29．句意：你必须小心脚下，以免跌倒。fall down，动词短语，"跌倒"。故填fall down。
30．句意：我们不到规定时间的一半就跑完了全程。less than"少于"。故填less than。
31．句意：学校附近有一个美丽的公园，周围有许多树。Close to，介词短语，"靠近"。故填Close to。
32．句意：结果，人们会吃更多的食物来弥补缺失的东西。As a result，介词短语，"结果"，此处作状语。故填As a result。
33．句意：山姆只是通过看别人使用电脑而掌握了一些计算机知识。picked up，动词短语，"偶然学会"，此处作谓语，描述过去发生的事实，用一般过去时。故填picked up。
四、阅读理解
（）阅读理解
Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, or simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.
Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.
Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks (鹰), the com and grain they stored would be destroyed by rats and mice. Why Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiply (繁殖) quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws to protect animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.
34．Why do people kill animals
A．They kill animals to raise money.
B．Animals destroy their natural resources.
C．Animals create many problems.
D．They kill animals for something they need.
35．What has happened to the animals on the earth
A．Millions of kinds of animals have disappeared forever.
B．Many kinds of animals have died out.
C．About 170 kinds of animals have disappeared forever.
D．All kinds of animals are in danger.
36．Why are animals important to us
A．They give us a source of food. B．They are beautiful and lovely.
C．They keep the balance of nature. D．They give us a lot of pleasure.
37．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Every person will know the importance of protecting wild animals.
B．Animals in danger will not be killed any more.
C．The number of some animals in danger will increase.
D．Animals in danger will be kept away from people.
【答案】34．D
35．B
36．C
37．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物是人们的好朋友，也是一种人们一直在挥霍着的自然资源，由于动物的大量被猎杀，许多动物都已经灭绝了。如果人类不保护动物，那么就会破坏生态平衡，人们将受到大自然的惩罚。
【点评】本题考查阅读理解，涉及细节理解和推理判断两个常考题型的考查，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
34．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, or simply because they were in the way. ”动物被杀害是因为它们的皮毛、食物、运动，或者仅仅因为它们碍事。可知，人类为了自己的需要而杀死动物。故选D。
35．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever.”成千上万种动物已经永远地从世界上消失了。可知，地球上的许多种动物已经灭绝了。故选B。
36．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. ”它们不仅仅是食物的来源。每种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置。可知，动物保持了大自然的平衡，所以很重要。故选C。
37．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.”相当多的国家已经通过了相关法律。这些法律禁止杀害任何濒危动物。慢慢地，一些濒危动物的数量在增长。可推知，一些濒危动物的数量将会增加。故选C。
五、七选五
（）七选五
The Amazon Rainforest: A Natural Treasure
Welcome to the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries. With an area of 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is about 6,400 kilometers in length. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. 38．
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
39． Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, and is home to different kinds of living things.
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. The jaguar(美洲豹) is one example. It has yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 40． These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen. 41． Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.
42． As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle fanning continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"
A.They feed on many species, including frogs.
B.Thus, it's often known as the "lungs of the planet".
C.Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest.
D.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.
E.They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth.
F.Currently the trees in the Amazon rainforest absorb around 500 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year.
G.Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
【答案】38．E；39．D；40．A；41．B；42．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍亚马孙雨林。它是一个自然宝藏，但在过去的50年里，17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。
【点评】七选五答案选项比较少，且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句子再文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
38．根据上文提示"On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. "在从山脉到海洋的旅程中，这条河支持着许多不同的生态系统。承接上文，E项"They give this area the richest species of plants and animals on the Earth."他们给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的动植物物种。切题。故选E。
39．根据上文提示"Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor."上面是黑暗的森林地面上的落叶。再根据空格下文"Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground."然后是高耸的古代硬木，最后是高出地面许多米的最高树木的顶部。承接上下文，D项"The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves."下一层是由长着大叶子的矮植物组成的。切题。故选D。
40．根据上文提示"While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain."虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链的一部分。再根据下文提示"These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit."反过来，这些青蛙以吃树叶和水果的昆虫为食。承接上下文，A项"They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs."它们以至少87种动物为食，包括青蛙。切题。故选A。
41．上文提示"The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth's oxygen."亚马孙雨林通过固定碳和生产地球上20%以上的氧气给地球带来了生机。再根据下文提示"Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. "此外，亚马孙雨林是物种的宝库，可以用于食物或药物。承接上下文，B项"Thus, it is often known as the "lungs of the planet"."因此，它经常被称为"地球的肺"。切题。故选B。
42．根据下文提示"As the impact of human activities such as agriculture and cattle fanning continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet" "随着农业和养牛等人类活动的影响持续增长，濒临灭绝的物种名单越来越长，我们面临一个问题：我们是否有能力破坏"地球的肺"？承接下文，G项"Over the past 50 years, 17 percent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities."在过去的50年里，17%的雨林由于人类活动而消失。切题。故选G。
六、完形填空
（）完形填空
It was late, about 10: 15 p. m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She'd just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 43． on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then— wham! Out of nowhere a car T-boned Esposito's minivan, 44． her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 45． in the minivan, bruised (撞伤) but mostly just knocked out by the 46． and the airbags.
As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 47． . He'd just closed his book and was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 48． and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 49． to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. "Any firefighter would have done what I did," he told Nevosday. "We're always on duty."
The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 50． Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 51． Esposito's minivan positioned on the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming train.
"The gates were starting to come down," he told Nezvsday. "I see the headlight of the train." DiPinto ran quickly to Esposito's minivan and knocked on the driver's side window. She 52． looked at him, her eyes unfocused. "I don't know where I am," she said. She seemed unhurt. "Honey, you're on the railroad 53． ," DiPinto shouted. "We have to get you off right now!" He pulled hard on the handle, but the door was crashed in and 54． . The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the door. "Please, don't let her be 55． ," he thought. He pushed aside the deflating (瘪了的) airbags, grabbed Esposito's arms, and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 56． behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. "It was like a Hollywood movie" DiPinto told reporters the next day.
But this one had a twist. "Last night," South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino told CBS New York, "the 57． arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck."
43．A．drove B．walked C．rode D．hiked
44．A．allowing B．forcing C．ordering D．reminding
45．A．sat B．stood C．hid D．waited
46．A．action B．noise C．impact D．bomb
47．A．class B．work C．dinner D．bed
48．A．doctor B．driver C．firefighter D．engineer
49．A．stopped B．troubled C．intended D．wanted
50．A．warned B．caught C．hit D．followed
51．A．observed B．spotted C．realized D．predicted
52．A．yet B．just C．still D．even
53．A．yards B．stations C．bridges D．tracks
54．A．unlocked B．jammed C．open D．gone
55．A．scared B．ignored C．trapped D．defeated
56．A．return B．work C．safety D．life
57．A．police B．actor C．reporter D．hero
【答案】43．A；44．B；45．A；46．C；47．D；48．C；49．A；50．C；51．B；52．B；53．D；54．B；55．C；56．C；57．D
【知识点】人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个夜晚发生了事故，埃斯波西托的小货车被撞了，落在铁轨上，皮特 迪平托听到声音立刻出来现场进行救助，火车就要来临前的几秒钟，这个英雄顺利挽救了司机的生命的感人故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，以及词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
43．句意：她几乎是自动驾驶的：左转到车站路，然后左转到蒙托克高速公路，然后是嘭的一声！A. drove开车；B. walked走路；C. rode骑着；D. hiked远足，徒步旅行。根据上文she jumped into her Honda Odyssey可知她是开车的。故选A。
44．句意：一辆不知道从哪儿冒出来的汽车撞毁了埃斯波西托的小货车，迫使她后退了大约100英尺，落在铁轨上。A. allowing允许；B. forcing强迫；C. ordering命令，指示；D. reminding提醒。根据to move backward some 100 feet可知她是被迫后退的。故选B。
45．句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. sat坐；B. stood站立；C. hid躲藏；D. waited等待。根据knocked out可知她当时是坐着车里的。故选A。
46．句意：她坐在一辆小型货车里，身上有瘀伤，但基本上是被冲击的影响和安全气囊搞得晕了过去。A. action行动；B. noise噪音，响声；C. impact影响，效果；D. bomb炸弹。根据the airbags可知这是被撞击造成的影响。故选C。
47．句意：事情发生时，皮特·迪平托正准备睡觉。A. class班级；B. work工作；C. dinner晚餐；D. bed床。根据下文He'd just closed his book and was getting under the covers可知此处他准备上床睡觉。故选D。
48．句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师。A. doctor医生；B. driver司机；C. firefighter消防队员；D. engineer工程师。根据下文"Any firefighter would have done what I did," he told Newsday.可知他是一名志愿消防员。故选C。
49．句意：64岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休教师，他没有停下来去思考发生了什么。A. stopped停下；B. troubled麻烦；C. intended打算；D. wanted想要。根据下文He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door.这一系列动作可知他听到声音后没有停下来思考就出去了。故选A。
50．句意：他在离前院2000英尺的地方发现的第一辆车就是撞到埃斯波西托的那辆。A. warned警告；B. caught捕捉；C. hit撞击，打击，袭击；D. followed跟着，听从。根据上文Out of nowhere a car T-boned Esposito's minivan可知这是撞击了埃斯波西托的那辆车。故选C。
51．句意：当迪平托断定司机安然无恙时，他环顾四周，发现埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。A. observed观察；B. spotted发现；C. realized实现，意识到；D. predicted预测，预报。根据他的动作concluded和looked around可知此处表示他发现了埃斯波西托的小货车停在了铁轨上。故选B。
52．句意：她只是看着他，眼神不集中。A. yet还，但是，已经；B. just仅仅，只是；C. still仍然；D. even甚至，即使。根据her eyes unfocused可知她当时不清醒，所以只能看着迪平托而没有其他反应。故选B。
53．。句意："亲爱的，你在铁轨上，"迪平托喊道。A. yards院子；B. stations 车站；C. bridges桥；D. tracks轨道。根据上文Esposito's minivan positioned on the railroad tracks可知此处表示在铁轨上。railroad tracks铁轨。故选D。
54．句意：他使劲拉着门把手，但门被撞进去了，卡住了。A. unlocked打开的；B. jammed卡住的，拥堵的；C. open公开的，敞开的，打开的；D. gone消失的。根据but the door was crashed in可知此处表示门被卡住了。故选B。
55．句意："求求你，别让她被困住了，"他想。A. scared害怕；B. ignored忽略，不理睬；C. trapped困住；D. defeated打败。根据上文but the door was crashed in and jammed可知此处表示困住之意。故选C。
56．句意：他推开泄气的安全气囊，抓住埃斯波西托的胳膊，把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到他能把她救出来，并迅速把她带到几英尺外一个信号箱后面的安全地带。A. return返回，恢复；B. work产品，工厂，文学，工作；C. safety安全；D. life生命，生活。根据常识和behind a signal box a few feet away可知此处表示安全地带。故选C。
57．句意："昨天晚上，"南部地区救护车负责人Greg Miglino告诉纽约哥伦比亚广播公司，"英雄是穿着睡衣来的，不是坐消防车来的。"A. police警察；B. actor演员；C. reporter记者；D. hero英雄。根据arrived in pajamas可知此处指的是迪平托，他在危急时刻救了埃斯波西托，是一个英雄。故选D。
七、语法填空
语法填空
Starting a wildlife conservation center is a necessary 58． important job, but it hardly brings money to its founder and so it is for Jane Thomas. She spent several years 59． (build) the Motley Zoo, and devoted herself to wildlife 60． (protect) in Redmond, Washington, but all money she made was spent straight back on the zoo. She was determined 61． (continue) to do her work, even though there was little money to reward her.
But things changed this year. "As crazy as it sounded, because of my efforts, I received a secret donation: $ 9,000," Thomas said. She decided to use the money 62． was donated by a stranger this year to rescue more animals. She advertised the animal rescue on the street and received much support from 63． public.
Thomas said, "Ever since I advertised the animal rescue on the street, I 64． (attract) many people. Now when I walk on the street, many 65． (passer-by) wave and even shout to me 'I adopted (收养) my dog from you!' I feel 66． (shock) that people treat me 67． (nicely) than ever. "
【答案】58．and；59．building；60．protection；61．to continue；62．which/that；63．the；64．have attracted；65．passers-by；66．shocked；67．more nicely
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jane Thomas拯救小动物的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及连词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，冠词，时态，形容词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
58．句意：创办野生动物保护中心是一项必要且重要的工作，但它几乎不会为其创始人带来资金，简·托马斯也是如此。此处形容词necessary和important是并列关系， 应用and连接，故填and。
59．句意：她花了几年时间建造莫特利动物园，并在华盛顿州雷德蒙德致力于野生动物保护，但她赚到的所有钱都直接花在了动物园上。 spend+时间/钱+(in)doing sth. 固定短语，“某人花时间/钱做某事”，应用动名词作宾语，故填building。
60．句意：她花了几年时间建造莫特利动物园，并在华盛顿州雷德蒙德致力于野生动物保护，但她赚到的所有钱都直接花在了动物园上。此处to为介词，后面跟名词，故填protection。
61．句意：她决心继续做她的工作，尽管奖励她的钱很少。be determined to do sth. 固定短语，“决心做某事”，故填to continue。
62．句意：她决定用今年一个陌生人捐赠的钱来拯救更多的动物。 was donated by a stranger this year 是限制性定语从句，先行词是"the money"，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that，故填which或that。
63．句意：她在街上宣传动物救援，得到了公众的大力支持。public用作名词时表示“公众，民众”，是集合名词，常与定冠词the连用。故填the。
64．句意：自从我在街上宣传救助动物以来，就吸引了很多人。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语ever since可知，主句要用现在完成时，且主语是I，故填have attracted。
65．句意：现在我走在街上，很多路人挥手，甚至对我大喊“我收养了你的狗！”此处名词作主语，many后接可数复数，故填passers-by。
66．句意：人们对我比以往任何时候都好，我感到很震惊。此处为主系表结构，应用形容词作表语，主语为I，指人，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故填shocked。
67．句意：人们对我比以往任何时候都好，我感到很震惊。根据空后的"than ever"可知，此处是现在和以前两种情况的比较，所以要用副词的比较级，故填more nicely。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1
