广东省深圳外国语湾区学校2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题

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广东省深圳外国语湾区学校2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What do we learn from the conversation
A．The man hates to lend his tools to other people.
B．The man lost those tools.
C．The man hasn't finished working on the bookshelf.
2．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What are the two speakers talking about
A．A trip. B．A park. C．A cinema.
3．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What does the man mean
A．He would like to make an appointment for the woman.
B．He thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbale's.
C．He knows a less expensive place for a haircut.
4．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What do we learn from this conversation
A．The man wants to go to Los Angeles.
B．The man wants to go to San Francisco.
C．There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.
5．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What is the woman's opinion of the research paper
A．Only a few changes should be made in it.
B．It's fine as it is.
C．Major revisions are needed in it.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
6．Why is Ken calling
A．To ask about the address for the meeting.
B．To remind Andy of the meeting.
C．To ask about the time for the meeting.
7．Where is Andy
A．In the supermarket. B．In his office. C．In the downtown.
8．What is Ken's phone number
A．439-808-7754. B．493-908-7754. C．439-908-7754.
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
9．Which of the following is the man's favorite food
A．Carrots. B．Chocolate cakes. C．Fruits.
10．What are the two speakers probably doing now
A．Having a meal. B．Shopping. C．Preparing food.
11．What does the woman say about carrots
A．It is rich in fibers.
B．It can reduce weight.
C．It contains much vitamin C.
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
12．Where is the conversation taking place
A．In the woman's house.
B．In the man's house.
C．In their friend's house.
13．What color is the meat container
A．Yellow. B．Blue. C．Red.
14．What is the side dish mentioned by the man
A．Eggplant with soy sauce.
B．Pork with pineapple.
C．Tomatoes with sugar.
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
15．Who is learning Chinese probably
A．Jane. B．Rose. C．Jack.
16．How many children does the woman have
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
17．What will the woman do tomorrow
A．Go to school.
B．Go to the cinema.
C．Go to the McDonald's.
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
18．What happened to the speaker
A．He transferred to another post in another city.
B．His hard work got paid off.
C．His colleagues started to get along well with him.
19．What contributions did the speaker make for the company
A．He helped build a branch company.
B．He helped increase the sales.
C．He helped make new products.
20．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The speaker's pay rose to $15, 000 per year.
B．The speaker refused the rise.
C．The speaker's department sales increased a lot last year.
三、单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
21．（2018高一上·大庆月考）During the holiday I bought a CD player, _____ was rather reasonable.
A．its price B．of which price
C．the prices of which D．whose price
22．（2017高一上·牡丹江月考）The country life he was used to ________ greatly since 1992.
A．change B．has changed C．changing D．have changed
23．Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
A．he explained B．what he explained
C．how he explained D．why he explained.
24．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）This is the factory we worked last year.
A．where B．which C．the one D．at that
25．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Shakespeare's play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past few years.
A．had been made B．was made C．has been made D．would be made
26．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）—Have you finished your fashion design
—Not yet. I'll finish it if I ten more minutes.
A．am given B．give C．will give D．will be given
27．（2013·湖南）— I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
—I'm so sorry. But I _________ my homework.
A．had done B．was doing C．would do D．am doing
28．（2012·陕西） It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all.
A．that B．where C．which D．what
29．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A．u
ntil B．that C．when D．where
30．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don't.
A．who; / B．/; who C．who; who D．/; /
31．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Occasions are quite rare the father has the time to spend a day with his kids.
A．when B．which C．why D．that
32．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. 该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVO C．SVOC D．SVP
33．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The world that we live in is beautiful because it's made up of people from all kinds of backgrounds and cultures.该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVO C．SVOC D．SVP
34．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The current group buying structure offered by the industry leaders works although there are still challenges to overcome. 该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVP C．SVOC D．SVO
35．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water,
A．will you B．shall we C．won't you D．do you
36．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）In order to build the dam, they moved the local people and them in another place.
A．recovered B．ignored C．packed D．settled
37．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The panic buying of salt reminds us that it is necessary to keep in an emergency.
A．quiet B．calm C．silent D．still
38．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Don't worry even if you arrived late at the airport. After all, buses run between the city and the airport.
A．gradually B．frequently C．actually D．exactly
39．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The of the crash victims was a long and difficult task.
A．identity B．identification C．identifier D．identical
40．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）It is to include really high-quality illustrations.
A．worthy B．worth C．worthwhile D．worthless
四、阅读理解，四选一（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
You can make our great places better. Become a VIP and volunteer with us today!
The National Park Service offers many volunteer opportunities for individuals and groups as part of the Volunteers-In-Parksprogram. We are aimed to promote all parks to be a better place for people of all ages and colors to live a nicer life. We would regularly organize activities like collecting litters, watering young plants or killing pests on trees and so on. Besides, posters and signs of bettering parks are also in our daily doings.
We provide a one-time service or a longer-term position in many partner organizations. Opportunities are available for anyone who are willing to serve for the society. And the working specific places are various, from your nearby parks in your community to all other places throughout the United States, including the territories (边境) in the Pacific and the Caribbean (加勒比海). Some positions are specialized and need particular talents, knowledge, skills, and abilities, as well as a background check, such as writers or editors need to have good abilities of words. Other positions only require a willingness to volunteer. If you want to be a part of a shared future and do something for the world, please join us and your coming can make a big difference!
To learn more about us and details that guide our volunteer programs, click www.Volunteer.gov and then search for a volunteer eventon the web page, or contact us at 789-431-45.
41．The National Park Service aims at helping .
A．better parks B．water young plants
C．collect litters D．kill pests
42．What kind of service does this organization provide
A．one-day tour in USA B．weekend services for community
C．services in Canada D．a one-time and long-term activity
43．The passage is probably taken from
A．a newspaper B．a magazine C．a text book D．a website
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
Opera for Beginners
Many people think that opera is boring, difficult to understand and unpleasant to listen to. They only see strange people singing in a foreign language and wearing funny costumes. They're too quick to judge and a lot of people have believed stupid ideas about opera without ever actually seeing one. If one takes opera seriously, with an open heart, and goes to several good live performances, I don't see any reason why he or she would dislike or hate it. The following tips can help you learn to enjoy opera.
First of all, if you are new to opera, start with a short, well-known title, such as The Marriage of Figaro by Mozart. In the beginning, avoid difficult operas with complex story lines. If your first experience is not fun, then you will expect all operas to be boring. Moreover, before going to a performance, do a little bit of homework: learn the story of the opera. If you know about the main characters and the story before you start watching, it will be much easier to understand what is happening on the stage. Finally, the most important way to enjoy opera is to keep an open mind. If you believe that you will enjoy watching opera, then you will most likely enjoy it. Think of opera as a live TV show. Opera shows the same things—love and hate, good and evil, and humans and nature—that are found in many of today's popular movies and best-selling novels. In fact, many of these movies and novels use stories copied from famous operas!
Opera is full of catchy, wonderful melodies (旋律). It's full of drama and laughter. It's full of wonder and life. Opera can be fun to watch, and it allows the audience to experience different cultures. Many people have enjoyed it for hundreds of years, and by following the tips above, you can enjoy it, too. Indeed, opera will change the minds of the people who once hated it. And most importantly, as one of the most diverse art forms out there, opera helps you appreciate different performance styles from all over the world.
44．Many people think that opera is boring because .
A．it is like a TV show B．they know little about it
C．they dislike its story lines D．its music style is old-fashioned
45．Which is a good way for beginners to enjoy opera
A．To start with a long opera.
B．To learn to sing an opera.
C．To master a foreign language.
D．To get familiar with an opera's story.
46．Many famous operas, popular movies, and best-selling novels .
A．have the same writer B．share a similar story
C．teach people about lifestyles D．help people keep an open mind
47．What does the underlined word "diverse" in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Various. B．Humorous. C．Ancient. D．Exciting.
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
Can a fish be depressed This question has been floating around my head ever since I saw a sad-looking Siamese fighting fish in a hotel. His name was Bruce Lee, according to a sign beneath his little bowl.
On the bottom of the little bowl was Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin (鳍) somewhat injured. When he did finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.
The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. Was I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering
Later on, I sought answers from scientists. It turns out that not only can our gilled (有鳃的) friends become depressed, but some scientists consider fish to be a promising animal model for developing anti-depressants. New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many suppose.
Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part, because they are so obvious about their depression. He can reliably test the effectiveness of anti-depressants with something called the "novel tank test". A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging out in the lower half, it's depressed. If it's swimming up top — its usual behavior when exploring a new environment — then it's not. The seriousness of the depression, he says, can be measured by quantity of time at the top vs. the bottom, all of which seemed to confirm my guess about Bruce Lee.
"One of the things we're finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out," said Dr. Braithwaite.
In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank (缸) or changing the location of items.
Dr. Brown agrees, pointing to an experiment he conducted, which showed that if you leave a fish in an enriched, physically complex environment — meaning a lot of plants to bite at and cages to swim through — it decreases stress and increases brain growth.
The last time a guest posted Bruce Lee to Instagram he was looking good and lively. Perhaps that new green leaf in his bowl had provided the enrichment he desired.
48．What does the underlined word "lethargy" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．suffering B．sorrow C．anxiety D．laziness
49．What can be known from the new research
A．Fish can be used to develop anti-depressants.
B．The way scientists thought about the fish proves totally right.
C．Pets and owners sometimes have the same feeling.
D．Many people suppose pets are quite different from people.
50．Why can fish become bored according to the text
A．They are not born to be curious.
B．They lack new things to explore.
C．They can't locate the positions of items.
D．They need oxygen from the air.
51．What is the best title for the text
A．Fish have their own feelings. B．Fish can be a boring pet.
C．Fish need better care. D．Fish depression is not a joke.
（2020高一下·延庆期中）阅读理解
Turning
the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose
weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners
eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.
An
experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who
were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full,
compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they
had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded
volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.
Scientists
believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it
is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might
have taken a full plate to feel full.
In
the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their
food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were
then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15
minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while
the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.
On
average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.
However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with
159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the
ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.
"The
experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.
Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important
role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience. "
Previous
studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste.
While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers
other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than
usual.
52．With the lights out, diners eat less partly because_____________.
A．they want to quickly finish their meals
B．they trust their feelings more than ever
C．they focus more on fun than the calories
D．they worry about the quality of the food
53．We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group _____________.
A．spent a much longer time eating the same food
B．believed they ate more than they really did
C．depended on past experiences to feel full
D．thought the food tasted better than usual
54．The last two paragraphs tell us that_____________.
A．diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness
B．senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste
C．findings of this experimentdiffer from the previous studies
D．restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark
55．The main purpose of the passage is to _______________.
A．provide statistics related to eating in the dark
B．offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas
C．inform the readers of the result of an experiment
D．persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way
五、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Do you feel your life is losing its passion (热情) — as though everything you do, like work and study, is boring and empty A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air. 　56． 　 If you want to begin today to display your true self and regain your own passion in life, here are some measures you can take to get started.
●　57． 　
Get a small pocket notebook and keep it with you. Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled. What are you doing when you feel good Write it down in your notebook. Pay attention to what feels good to you.
●Let go of shoulds
　58． 　 I should stay in this job because I can't find a better one. I should become a teacher because my parents want me to. I should not try something new because I'll look foolish. Throw away this word from your vocabulary while on your passion search.
●Appreciate your skills.
Maybe you aren't an artist at something, but you have many skills. 　59． 　 Ask your friends and parents what you are good at — no matter how small. Make a list of your skills, and make note of the skills you really enjoy.
●Keep trying
The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years. You may have to try a few and give up a few things before you discover what you feel great. It may gradually surround you rather than knock you in the head. 　60． 　.
A. Recognize your joy.
B. Have patience and keep digging.
C. You may not recognize them, but others do.
D. Discovering your passion is a process of self-discovering.
E. These skills may make you stronger and more confident.
F. How can you live with passion when you have a hole in your heart
G. Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word "should".
六、完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。
A little boy almost thought of himself as the most 61． child in the world because he was born with a disability. He seldom played with his classmates; and when 62． by his teacher to answer questions, he always lowered his head and responded with 63． .
One spring, the boy's father 64． some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor. He told his children to plant a sapling each person in front of the house, promising that a nice gift would go to 65． grows the best tree. The boy also wanted to get his father's gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees merrily, anyhow, an idea suddenly 66． him: he hoped the tree he planted would 67． soon.
Leaving his tree unattended for several days, the little boy went to see his tree again. He was 68． to find it grew greener among the surrounding trees. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and told him that he had the 69． to become an outstanding botanist (植物学家)when he grew up.
Since then, the little boy 70． became optimistic. One day, the little boy couldn't sleep on the bed, expecting the coming festival. Looking at the bright moonlight and fireworks outside the window, he suddenly decided to go out to see the 71． . When he came to the courtyard, he found his father was spraying (喷洒) something on it. The truth came to 72． all of a sudden. He returned to his room, tears rolling down his face.
The little boy didn't become a botanist. 73． he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt. Decades passed and the scene still 74． Franklin Roosevelt and never a moment did he forget it.
Love is the best nourishment (营养品)of life and even if it is just a cup of 75． , it can make the tree of life grow strong.
61．A．foolish B．significant C．unfortunate D．powerful
62．A．forced B．asked C．invited D．persuaded
63．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
64．A．pulled away B．brought back C．put forward D．packed up
65．A．whoever B．whatever C．whenever D．however
66．A．failed B．determined C．urged D．struck
67．A．grow B．react C．die D．benefit
68．A．delighted B．frightened C．surprised D．excited
69．A．potential B．luck C．solution D．version
70．A．gradually B．finally C．actually D．originally
71．A．fireworks B．moon C．night D．tree
72．A．shock B．light C．power D．roof
73．A．Indeed B．Otherwise C．Thus D．Instead
74．A．passed on B．took over C．stuck with D．depended on
75．A．water B．tea C．coffee D．wine
七、语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
More and more South Korean parents are turning to "Uncle Service" providers to make sure their children don't have to put up 　76． 　 bullying (欺凌)in school. Though such services are 　77． 　 (obvious) very expensive, it is more effective to deal with the matter, 　78． 　 makes the business more and more popular. 　79． 　 is reported that the rented strong uncles can not only protect children from bullies, but can also gather evidence of bullying 　80． 　 (make) an official complaint with the school. Most companies offer different packages (套餐)to meet customers' 　81． 　 (need) and business is reported booming. Some parents think it can solve the problem without 　82． 　 (have) to wait for a long investigation. Others hold the opposite view, thinking it another form of 　83． 　 (violent). Some experts claim that parents taking matters into their own hands isn't 　84． 　 effective way and the school bullying needs to 　85． 　 (deal) with by improving the system.
八、根据句意和首字母，用单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
86．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Both English and French are o　 　(官方的) languages in Canada.
87．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）People's a　 　(态度) towards the matter are different.
88．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）His house was de　 　(毁坏) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.
89．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Tsinghua University, f　 　(建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.
90．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The man's s　 　(幸存) was surprising, as the doctors thought he would die.
九、根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
91．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）We are rather　 　(concern) about father's health.
92．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）My hometown has changed beyond　 　(recognize) since I was last here.
93．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）I'd like to thank my friend, who's been very　 　(generosity) with his time.
94．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）On arriving there, we expressed our　 　(congratulate) to him on his success
95．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Maggie thought it was　 　(fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.
十、根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。
turn to, take part in, in ruins, make up one's mind, as a matter of fact, set up, go through
96．The police 　 　 the whole building but didn't t find anything valuable.
97．—I'm afraid she won't come to help me as she promised.
—Don't worry. Nothing will change her mind if she has 　 　.
98．The strong earthquake left the city 　 　 merely in several seconds.
99．He 　 　 his own business after he graduated from university.
100．It goes without saying that 　 　 social activities can broaden our horizons.
十一、应用文写作（满分15分）
101．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:
1）比赛时间;
2）演讲话题;
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数 80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear George,
……
Yours sincerely.
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
【答案】6．B
7．A
8．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
8．
【答案】9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
9．
10．
11．
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
12．
13．
14．
【答案】15．A
16．A
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
15．
16．
17．
【答案】18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
18．
19．
20．
21．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我在暑假买了一个CD机，它的价格很合理。price和CDplayer是所属关系，即CD机的价格，whose作定语，放在名词之前，whose price可以转换为of which the price或the price of which。如果在横线前加上and，则变成了并列句，这时，正确答案是its price，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的定语从句。
22．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意：自从1992年以来，他已经习惯了的乡村生活发生了巨变。since接时间点，表示过去的动作延续至今，应用现在完成时，主语为单数，故应用has而不是have。故选B。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步牢固掌握动词的各种时态的用法，本题涉及现在完成时的考查。
23．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；省略句
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是他在会议上解释的工作中失误的原因吗？在分析句子的时候可以把疑问句变成陈述句再进行分析，即This is the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work．本句的主语为this，因为explain为及物动词，由此可知后面的从句中缺少动词explain的宾语，所以为一定语从句，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及省略引导词that的限制性定语从句。
24．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我们去年工作的工厂。 we worked last year 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the factory，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
25．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时；Shakespeare's play Hamlet与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
26．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你完成时装设计了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟的时间，我就会完成。此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，与主语I是被动关系，应用被动语态，且用一般现在时表将来，故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
27．【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我不懂你为什么没参加昨天下午的讲座。——真抱歉，那时我正在做作业。根据时间状语指 yesterday afternoon“昨天下午”“那时”发生的事，故用过去进行时态，选B。
【点评】考查动词时态。本题涉及过去进行时的用法，其结构：was/were+doing，表示过去某个时间正在发生的事情。
28．【答案】C
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这是他第三次赢得跑步比赛了，这件事情让我们所有人都很惊讶。本题中which指代前面一句话的内容，在句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句。故C正确。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
29．【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这部电影让我回想起当年在那个偏远山村被精心照顾的时光。 I was taken good care of in that far-away village 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the hours，定语从句是一个被动语态，句子结构很完整，要用关系副词，因为先行词是表示时间的词，应用when，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及when引导的限制性定语从句。
30．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：每天喝两杯以上咖啡的女性比不喝咖啡的女性患心脏病的几率更大。根据所给句子分析可知，第一个空 drink more than two cups of coffee a day 是限制性定语从句，先行词为Women，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，使用关系代词who，第二个 don't 也是限制性定语从句，先行词为those，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，使用关系代词who，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句。
31．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：让我有时间和我的孩子们相处一天的机会非常少。 the father has the time to spend a day with his kids.是分隔式定语从句，occasions是先行词，所选关系词在定语从句中要作时间状语，when此处为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，when在从句中作时间状语。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的分隔式定语从句。
32．【答案】C
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：在这项研究中，研究人员要求60名学生在接受热成像技术扫描的同时执行各种任务。此句中researchers 是主语， asked 是谓语动词， a number of 60 students 是宾语，不定式 to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology 是宾语补足语，故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主谓宾宾补"结构。
33．【答案】D
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：我们生活的世界是美丽的，因为它由来自各种背景和文化的人组成。此句的主语是 The world ，is是系动词， beautiful 形容词，作表语，故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主系表"结构。
34．【答案】A
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：行业领导者目前提供的团购结构行之有效，尽管仍有挑战需要克服。主句的主语是 The current group ，谓语动词是 works ，其基本结构是"主谓"，故选A。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主谓"结构。
35．【答案】A
【知识点】疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：别忘了给波莉一些食物和给她换点水，好吗 这是一个附加疑问句，陈述部分是祈使句，反问部分使用will或won't，陈述部分是否定，因此，疑问部分用否定。故选A。
【点评】考查疑问句，本题涉及祈使句的反义疑问句。
36．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了修建大坝，他们转移了当地居民并且把他们安置在另外一个地方。A. recovered"恢复"；B. ignored"忽视"；C. packed "包裹"；D. settled"安置"。根据build the dam，可知是安置居民，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分recover； ignore； pack和 settle的含义。
37．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：抢购食盐提醒我们，在紧急情况下保持冷静是必要的。A： quiet"安静的"；B：.calm"镇静的"；C： silent"沉默的"；D： still"一动不动的"。根据空后 in an emergency ，可知此处保持镇静，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分quiet； calm； silent和 still的应用。
38．【答案】B
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：即使你到机场晚了也不要担心。毕竟，公共汽车经常在城市和机场之间行驶。A： gradually"逐渐地"；B： frequently"经常"；C： actually"事实上"；D： exactly"精确地"。根据语境，此处指公共汽车经常在城市和机场之间行驶，故选B。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分 gradually； frequently； actually和 exactly的含义。
39．【答案】B
【知识点】词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：确认坠机遇难者的身份是一项长期而艰巨的任务。A： identity名词，"身份"；B： identification名词，"身份证明，认出，认同"；C： identifier名词，"识别者，识别人"；D： identical形容词，"同一的，一致的"。此处指确认遇难者身份，故选B。
【点评】考查词性辨析，区分 identity； identification； identifier和 identical的词性和含义。
40．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：包括真正高质量的插图是值得的。A： worthy"值得的"；B： worth"值得的"；C： worthwhile"值得的"；D： worthless"没有价值的"。此处是固定句式 It is worthwhile to do...，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分 worthy； worth； worthwhile和 worthless的含义和应用以及固定句式It is worthwhile to do...。
【答案】41．A
42．D
43．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，国家公园管理局旨在推动所有的公园成为一个更好的地方，为个人和团体提供很多志愿服务机会。作者介绍了招募志愿者的一些信息。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“We are aimed to promote all parks to be a better place for people of all ages and colors to live a nicer life”可知国家公园管理局旨在推动所有的公园成为一个更好的地方，让所有年龄和肤色的人过上更好的生活。故选 A 。
42．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“We provide a one-time service or a longer term position in many partner organizations.”可知该组织提供一次性服务或长期职位。也就是说提供一次性或长期的活动。故选D 。
43．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“To learn more about us and details that guide our volunteer programs, click www.Volunteer.gov and then search for a volunteer event on the web page, or contact us at 789-431-45 ”可知要了解更多关于这个组织以及关于志愿者项目的细节，点击 www.Volunteer.gov，然后在网页上搜索志愿者活动，或致电 789-431-45 与我们联系。要求读者点击网站并给出点击链接，说明这篇文章有可能就来自于某个网站。故选 D 。
【答案】44．B
45．D
46．B
47．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，歌剧对于初学者来说有点困难，作者介绍了可以帮助你学会欣赏歌剧的技巧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
44．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 Many people think that opera is boring, difficult to understand and unpleasant to listen to. They only see strange people singing in a foreign language and wearing funny costumes.“许多人认为歌剧乏味、难懂、听起来不舒服。他们只看到奇怪的人用外语唱歌和穿着滑稽的服装。”可知，许多人认为歌剧很无聊，因为他们对歌剧知之甚少。故选 B。
45．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 First of all, if you are new to opera, start with a short, well-known title, such as The Marriage of Figaro by Mozart. In the beginning, avoid difficult operas with complex storylines.“首先，如果你是歌剧新手，你可以从一个简短而知名的标题开始，比如莫扎特的《费加罗的婚姻》。开始的时候，避免有复杂故事情节的难演歌剧。可知，初学者欣赏歌剧的好方法是“熟悉一部歌剧的故事。”故选 D。
46．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ Think of opera as a live TV show. Opera shows the same things—love and hate, good and evil and humans and nature—that are found in many of today's popular movies and best-selling novels. In fact, many of these movies and novels use stories copied from famous operas!”把歌剧想象成电视直播节目。歌剧所表现的东西——爱与恨、善与恶、人与自然——与当今许多流行电影和畅销小说中所表现的一样。事实上，这些电影和小说中的许多故事都是从著名的歌剧中抄袭来的。可推知，许多著名的歌剧、流行的电影和畅销的小说都有类似的故事。故选 B。
47．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“ opera helps you appreciate different performance styles from all over the world.”歌剧帮助你欣赏来自世界各地不同的表演风格。”由此可知，歌剧是 “最多样化的艺术形式之一。”所以句中划线词 diverse 的意思是“多样性的”。故选 A。
【答案】48．D
49．C
50．B
51．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者一直很好奇鱼会不会抑郁，并通过调查和专家答疑解决了这个疑问，鱼也会抑郁。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
48．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中“On the bottom of the little bowl was Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin( 鳍 ) somewhat injured. When he did finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.” 在小碗的底部是 Bruce Lee，完全静止，他的下鳍有点受伤。当他最终稍微动了一下时，我感觉他宁愿死；以及第三段“The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. Was I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering ” 前台那位和蔼可亲的女士使我相信他受到了很好的照顾。难道我只是错误地认为他的昏昏欲睡是精神痛苦的表现吗？可知，Bruce Lee 在碗的底部静止不动是因为身体疼痛，故无精打采。故选 D。
49．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many suppose.”一项新的研究已经完全改变了科学家对鱼的看法，建立了一个案例，即宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那样不同。由此可推断出，宠物和主人有时也有同样的感觉。故选 C。
50．考查推理判断。根据文章第六“‘One of the things we're finding that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out,' said Dr. Braithwaite. 布雷斯韦特博士说：“我们发现，鱼天生就有好奇心，会寻找新奇的东西；以及第七段“In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank( 缸 ) or changing the location of items.” 换句话说，你的金鱼可能很无聊。为了帮助他们防止抑郁，她建议在水箱中引入新的物体或改变物品的位置。可推知，鱼变得无聊的原因是鱼缸里缺乏可探索的新鲜事物。故选 B。
51．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了作者一直很好奇鱼会不会抑郁，并通过调查和专家答疑解决了这个疑问，鱼也会抑郁。“鱼患抑郁症可不是开玩笑的。”适合做文章的标题，故选D。
【答案】52．D
53．B
54．A
55．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
52．考查细节理解。根据第一段”Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.“据科学家称，吃饭时关灯或戴眼罩可能是一种快速减肥的方法。 这个简单的技巧很有效，因为它阻止了食客为了快乐而不是为了卡路里而进食。 它还会触发（青少年）大脑的一部分担心食物可能会变质；以及第六段中的“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite”可知，看不到食物会减少食欲。故选D。
53．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had. ”戴眼罩的志愿者估计他们吃的东西比实际吃的多 88%。以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故选B。
54．考查段落大意。根据倒数第二段中的“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. ”看不到食物可能会降低食欲；以及最后一段中的“While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. ”虽然餐厅允许食客在黑暗中进餐会触发其他感官，但实际上在黑暗中进餐的味道可能比平时要温和得多。可知，最后两段主要介绍用餐者在黑暗中用餐会减少他们的食欲。故选A。
55．考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。本篇文章的主要目的是作者根据实验的过程告知读者实验结果。A、B选项是文章的内容，D选项并没有在文章中体现。故选C。
【答案】56．D；57．A；58．G；59．C；60．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了几种找回生活热情的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
56．根据空前" A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air. "生活热情不会平白无故从天而降，抑或浮现在稀薄的空气中。承接前文， D. Discovering your passion is a process of self-discovering. "发现自己的热情是自我发现的过程。"符合语境。故选 D。
57．根据空后" Get a small pocket notebook and keep it with you. Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled. What are you doing when you feel good Write it down in your notebook. Pay attention to what feels good to you. "随身携带一个小笔记本，记下当你感到快乐和满足时的每一刻。当你感觉开心时你正在做什么呢？用笔记下来，并且留意那些让你感到美好的事物。承接下文， A. Recognize your joy. "认识到自己的快乐。"符合语境，故选 A。
58．根据本段小标题" ●Let go of shoulds ""让"应该"的条条框框随风去。" G. Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word "should". "许多人由于‘应该'要做什么而失去了自己的幸福感。"符合语境，故选 G。
59．根据空前"Maybe you aren't an artist at something, but you have many skills."或许你不是一名艺术鉴赏家，但你有许多其他才能。承接上文，C. You may not recognize them, but others do."你可能没把那些看作是自己的一技之长，但其他人却恰恰相反。"符合语境，故选 C。
60．根据空前" The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years. You may have to try a few and give up a few things before you discover what you feel great. It may gradually surround you rather than knock you in the head. "找回热情的过程花了我几年的时间。在途中你可能不得不尝试一些，又放弃一些，直到你找到真正使你满意的东西。热情只会缓慢降临在你身边而不会突然出现。"承接上文， B. Have patience and keep digging. "要有耐心，继续挖掘"符合语境，故选 B。
【答案】61．C；62．B；63．A；64．B；65．A；66．D；67．C；68．C；69．A；70．A；71．D；72．B；73．D；74．C；75．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩因为先天残疾而整日消沉，他的父亲为了帮助他树立信心，让兄弟姐妹们一起种树，之后父亲偷偷地帮助他，结果他的树苗长得最好说他有成为植物学家的潜能。小男孩找回了自信，长大后他没有成为植物学家而是当选为美国总统，他就是 Franklin Roosevelt。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，代词，宾语从句，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
61．句意：一个小男孩几乎认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，因为他生下来就有残疾。A. foolish "愚蠢的"；B. significant "重要的"；C. unfortunate "不幸的"；D. powerful"强大的"。根据空后 he was born with a disability 可知生来残疾，所以认为自己是最不幸的人。故选 C。
62．句意：他很少和同学们一起玩；当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头，什么也不回答。A. forced "迫使"；B. asked "询问"；C. invited "邀请"；D. persuaded "说服"。根据空后" by his teacher to answer questions" 可知是被老师询问问题。故选 B。
63．句意：他很少和同学们一起玩；当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头，什么也不回答。A. nothing "没有什么"；B. anything "任何事"；C. something "某事"；D. everything "一切"。根据空前" he always lowered his head and responded with "可知因为自卑，所以男孩被问到问题也低着头，什么都不说。故选 A。
64．句意：一年春天，男孩的父亲从邻居那里带回来一些树苗。A. pulled away "脱身"；B. brought back "带回来"；C. put forward "提出"；D. packed up "打包"。根据空后" some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor "可知是指从邻居那里带回来一些树苗。故选 B。
65．句意：他告诉他的孩子们在房子前面每人种一棵树苗，并保证谁长得最好，就会得到一份好礼物。A. whoever "无论谁"；B. whatever "无论什么"；C. whenever "无论何时"；D. however "然而"。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"无论谁"应用 whoever。故选 A。
66．句意：但是看到兄弟姐妹们开心地给树浇水，不管怎么说，他突然有了一个想法：他希望他种的树早点死掉。A. failed "失败"；B. determined "决定"；C. urged "催促"； D. struck "罢工"。根据空前" an idea suddenly" 可知指突然有了一个想法，an idea strike sb."某人突然想到一个主意"。故选 D。
67．句意：但是看到兄弟姐妹们开心地给树浇水，不管怎么说，他突然有了一个想法：他希望他种的树早点死掉。A. grow "生长"；B. react "反应"；C. die "死亡"；D. benefit "有益于"。根据下文 "Leaving his tree unattended for several days "可知男孩不照顾树，是因为希望树苗死掉。故选 C。
68．句意：他惊奇地发现它在周围的树丛中变得更绿了。A. delighted "高兴的"；B. frightened "害怕的"；C. surprised "惊讶的"；D. excited "激动的"。根据上文可知男孩好几天都没有照顾树，结果树却变得更绿了，所以很惊讶。故选 C。
69．句意：他的父亲履行了他的诺言，给小男孩买了一件他最喜欢的礼物，并告诉他说他有潜力长大后成为一名优秀的植物学家。A. potential "潜力"；B. luck "运气"；C. solution" 解决方案"；D. version "版本"。根据空后" to become an outstanding botanist when he grew up" 可知是指有潜力成为一名植物学家。故选 A。
70．句意：从那时起，小男孩逐渐变得乐观起来。A. gradually "逐渐地"；B. finally "终于"；C. actually "实际上"；D. originally "最初"。根据空后" became optimistic" 可知经过这件事，男孩逐渐变得乐观。故选 A。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着窗外明亮的月光和烟花，他突然决定出去看看树。A. fireworks 烟花；B. moon 月亮；C. night 夜晚；D. tree 树。根据后文 When he came to the courtyard, he found his father was spraying (喷洒) something on it.可知男孩想出去看看院子里的树。故选 D。
72．句意：真相突然大白。A. shock "震惊"；B. light "灯"；C. power "力量"；D. roof "屋顶"。 come to light固定短语，"真相大白"。故选 B。
73．句意：他反而被选为美国总统。A. Indeed "确实"；B. Otherwise "否则"；C. Thus "因此"；D. Instead "相反，反而"。根据上文" The little boy didn't become a botanist."可知男孩没有成为植物学家，反而成为了总统。故选 D。
74．句意：几十年过去了，这一幕仍萦绕在 Franklin Roosevelt 的脑海中，他从未忘记过。A. passed on "通过"；B. took over "接管"；C. stuck with "继续，无法摆脱"；D. depended on "取决于"。根据空前" Decades passed and the scene still "可知几十年过去了，这一幕仍萦绕在Franklin Roosevelt 的脑海中。故选 C。
75．句意：爱是生命最好的营养品，即使它只是一杯水，它也能使生命之树茁壮成长。A. water "水"；B. tea "茶"；C. coffee "咖啡"；D. wine "酒"。根据空后" it can make the tree of life grow strong "可知是指让树木成长的一杯水。故选 A。
【答案】76．with；77．obviously；78．which；79．It；80．to make；81．needs；82．having；83．violence；84．an；85．be dealt
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了在韩国出现了一种保护未成年人不受校园欺凌称为"Uncle Service"的服务。陈述了不同人对此的不同看法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及介词，副词，定语从句，代词，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，冠词，语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
76．句意：越来越多的韩国父母求助于 Uncle Service,以确保他们的孩子不必忍受在学校受欺凌。put up with 固定短语，"忍受，忍耐"，故填 with。
77．句意：尽管这样的服务显然非常昂贵。此处副词修饰谓语动词are，故填 obviously。
78．句意：处理问题更加有效，使业务越来越受欢迎。 makes the business more and more popular 是非限制性定语从句，先行词指代前句的"处理问题更加有效"这件事。在非限制性定从中，先行词指代某件事。故填 which。
79．句意：据报道，租来的强壮叔叔不仅可以保护孩子免受欺凌，还可以收集欺凌的证据，向学校提出正式投诉。分析句子, it + be + done +that 是固定搭配，是形式主语的结构。故填 It。
80．句意：还可以收集欺凌的证据，向学校提出正式投诉。此处不定式表示目的。故填 to make。
81．句意：大多数公司提供不同的套餐，以满足客户的需要。customers' "顾客的"可以修饰名词构成所属关系。此处的 need 作为名词译为"需求"，要用名词的复数形式。故填 needs。
82．句意：一些家长认为不用等待很长时间的调查就能解决问题。分析句子， without 为介词，后面加 doing 的形式。故填 having。
83．句意：另一些人持相反的观点，认为这是暴力的另一种形式。此处名词作介词宾语 ，故填 violence。
84．句意：一些专家认为，父母自己解决问题不是一个有效的方法。分析句子，划线后的 way 译为"方法，方式"是可数名词，要体现名词的单复数。此处需要体现单数，又因 way 被 effective 修饰，effective 以元音音素开头。故填 an。
85．句意：学校欺凌问题需要通过改进制度来解决。need to be done，固定短语，" 需要做某事"，故填 be dealt。
86．【答案】official
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：英语和法语都是加拿大的官方语言。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语提示" 官方的 "，应用形容词 official ，修饰名词 languages ，作定语，故填 official 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
87．【答案】attitudes
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们对此事的态度各不相同。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 态度 "提示，应用 attitude ，此处作主语，结合谓语动词are，可知应用复数形式，故填 attitudes 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
88．【答案】destroyed
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他的房子在去年的地震中被毁了，他不得不盖一栋新房子。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 毁坏 "应用 destroy ，是谓语动词，与助动词was构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填 destroyed。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
89．【答案】founded
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：清华大学成立于1911年，是中国最好的大学之一。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 建立 "应用动词found，与 Tsinghua University 在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用过去分词，此处作定语，故填 founded 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
90．【答案】survival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这名男子的幸存令人惊讶，因为医生认为他会死。根据句意和首字母，以及" 幸存 "提示，应用名词 survival ，不可数名词，此处作主语，故填 survival 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
91．【答案】concerned
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们相当关心父亲的健康。此处形容词作表语， concern "关心"，动词，其形容词是 concerned "关心的，担心的"，be concerned about 固定短语，"对......关心"，故填 concerned 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语，以及固定短语be concerned about。
92．【答案】recognition
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我上次来这里以来，我的家乡已经面目全非了。此处名词作介词宾语， recognize "认出，辨认"，动词，其名词是 recognition "认识"，不可数名词，beyond recognition固定短语，"难以辨认"，故填 recognition 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语以及固定短语beyond recognition。
93．【答案】generous
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我要感谢我的朋友，他非常慷慨地抽出时间。此处形容词作表语， generosity "慷慨，大方"名词，其形容词是 generous ，故填 generous 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
94．【答案】congratulations
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：到达那里后，我们对他的成功表示祝贺。此处名词作宾语， congratulate "祝贺"，动词，其名词是 congratulation，常用复数形式，故填congratulations 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
95．【答案】unfair
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：玛吉认为不允许女性接受教育是不公平的。此处形容词作表语，结合句意应用"不公平的"，即 unfair ，故填 unfair 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
【答案】96．went through
97．made up her mind
98．in ruins
99．set up
100．taking part in
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】turn to动词短语，"转向，面向"； take part in动词短语，"参加"； in ruins介词短语，"成为废墟"； make up one's mind动词短语，"下决心"；as a matter of fact介词短语，"实际上"； set up动词短语，"建立"； go through动词短语，"经历，搜查"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
96．句意：警察搜查了整栋大楼，但没有发现任何有价值的东西。go through动词短语，"经历，搜查"，此处是谓语动词，根据but didn't t find anything valuable ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 went through 。
97．句意：——我担心她不会像她承诺的那样来帮助我。——别担心。如果她下定决心，什么都不会改变她的主意。make up one's mind动词短语，"下决心"，结合语境和助动词has，应用现在完成时，故填made up her mind 。
98．句意：强烈的地震只在几秒钟内就把这座城市夷为废墟。 in ruins介词短语，"成为废墟"，此处介词短语作宾补，故填in ruins 。
99．句意：他大学毕业后创办了自己的企业。set up动词短语，"建立"，此处是谓语动词，结合 after he graduated from university ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 set up 。
100．句意：不用说，参加社交活动可以拓宽我们的视野。take part in动词短语，"参加"，此处是动名词作主语，故填taking part in 。
101．【答案】Dear George,
Learning that you show great interest in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese speech contest for foreign students.(发出邀请）
The activity is scheduled at 8: 00 am on January 20th in our school lecture hall. The theme of the speech contest is "differences between eastern and western customs", through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile deepen their love of China. Fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. You are expected to sign up for the contest by email.
I'm looking forward to your participation and do wish you success.
Yours sincerely.
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给你的英国朋友George写封邮件，邀请他参加你校将举办的外国学生中文演讲比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛时间；2）演讲话题；3）报名方式。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Learning that you show great interest in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese speech contest for foreign students.运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；The theme of the speech contest is "differences between eastern and western customs", through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile deepen their love of China. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. 运用了过去分词作状语。
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广东省深圳外国语湾区学校2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What do we learn from the conversation
A．The man hates to lend his tools to other people.
B．The man lost those tools.
C．The man hasn't finished working on the bookshelf.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What are the two speakers talking about
A．A trip. B．A park. C．A cinema.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What does the man mean
A．He would like to make an appointment for the woman.
B．He thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbale's.
C．He knows a less expensive place for a haircut.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What do we learn from this conversation
A．The man wants to go to Los Angeles.
B．The man wants to go to San Francisco.
C．There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）What is the woman's opinion of the research paper
A．Only a few changes should be made in it.
B．It's fine as it is.
C．Major revisions are needed in it.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
6．Why is Ken calling
A．To ask about the address for the meeting.
B．To remind Andy of the meeting.
C．To ask about the time for the meeting.
7．Where is Andy
A．In the supermarket. B．In his office. C．In the downtown.
8．What is Ken's phone number
A．439-808-7754. B．493-908-7754. C．439-908-7754.
【答案】6．B
7．A
8．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
8．
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
9．Which of the following is the man's favorite food
A．Carrots. B．Chocolate cakes. C．Fruits.
10．What are the two speakers probably doing now
A．Having a meal. B．Shopping. C．Preparing food.
11．What does the woman say about carrots
A．It is rich in fibers.
B．It can reduce weight.
C．It contains much vitamin C.
【答案】9．B
10．A
11．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
9．
10．
11．
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
12．Where is the conversation taking place
A．In the woman's house.
B．In the man's house.
C．In their friend's house.
13．What color is the meat container
A．Yellow. B．Blue. C．Red.
14．What is the side dish mentioned by the man
A．Eggplant with soy sauce.
B．Pork with pineapple.
C．Tomatoes with sugar.
【答案】12．B
13．A
14．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
12．
13．
14．
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
15．Who is learning Chinese probably
A．Jane. B．Rose. C．Jack.
16．How many children does the woman have
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.
17．What will the woman do tomorrow
A．Go to school.
B．Go to the cinema.
C．Go to the McDonald's.
【答案】15．A
16．A
17．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
15．
16．
17．
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）听材料，回答问题。
18．What happened to the speaker
A．He transferred to another post in another city.
B．His hard work got paid off.
C．His colleagues started to get along well with him.
19．What contributions did the speaker make for the company
A．He helped build a branch company.
B．He helped increase the sales.
C．He helped make new products.
20．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The speaker's pay rose to $15, 000 per year.
B．The speaker refused the rise.
C．The speaker's department sales increased a lot last year.
【答案】18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
18．
19．
20．
三、单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
21．（2018高一上·大庆月考）During the holiday I bought a CD player, _____ was rather reasonable.
A．its price B．of which price
C．the prices of which D．whose price
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我在暑假买了一个CD机，它的价格很合理。price和CDplayer是所属关系，即CD机的价格，whose作定语，放在名词之前，whose price可以转换为of which the price或the price of which。如果在横线前加上and，则变成了并列句，这时，正确答案是its price，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的定语从句。
22．（2017高一上·牡丹江月考）The country life he was used to ________ greatly since 1992.
A．change B．has changed C．changing D．have changed
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意：自从1992年以来，他已经习惯了的乡村生活发生了巨变。since接时间点，表示过去的动作延续至今，应用现在完成时，主语为单数，故应用has而不是have。故选B。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步牢固掌握动词的各种时态的用法，本题涉及现在完成时的考查。
23．Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
A．he explained B．what he explained
C．how he explained D．why he explained.
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；省略句
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是他在会议上解释的工作中失误的原因吗？在分析句子的时候可以把疑问句变成陈述句再进行分析，即This is the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work．本句的主语为this，因为explain为及物动词，由此可知后面的从句中缺少动词explain的宾语，所以为一定语从句，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及省略引导词that的限制性定语从句。
24．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）This is the factory we worked last year.
A．where B．which C．the one D．at that
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这是我们去年工作的工厂。 we worked last year 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the factory，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
25．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Shakespeare's play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past few years.
A．had been made B．was made C．has been made D．would be made
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时；Shakespeare's play Hamlet与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
26．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）—Have you finished your fashion design
—Not yet. I'll finish it if I ten more minutes.
A．am given B．give C．will give D．will be given
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你完成时装设计了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟的时间，我就会完成。此处是条件状语从句的谓语动词，与主语I是被动关系，应用被动语态，且用一般现在时表将来，故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
27．（2013·湖南）— I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
—I'm so sorry. But I _________ my homework.
A．had done B．was doing C．would do D．am doing
【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——我不懂你为什么没参加昨天下午的讲座。——真抱歉，那时我正在做作业。根据时间状语指 yesterday afternoon“昨天下午”“那时”发生的事，故用过去进行时态，选B。
【点评】考查动词时态。本题涉及过去进行时的用法，其结构：was/were+doing，表示过去某个时间正在发生的事情。
28．（2012·陕西） It is the third time that she has won the race, ____ has surprised us all.
A．that B．where C．which D．what
【答案】C
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这是他第三次赢得跑步比赛了，这件事情让我们所有人都很惊讶。本题中which指代前面一句话的内容，在句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句。故C正确。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
29．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A．u
ntil B．that C．when D．where
【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这部电影让我回想起当年在那个偏远山村被精心照顾的时光。 I was taken good care of in that far-away village 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the hours，定语从句是一个被动语态，句子结构很完整，要用关系副词，因为先行词是表示时间的词，应用when，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及when引导的限制性定语从句。
30．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those don't.
A．who; / B．/; who C．who; who D．/; /
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：每天喝两杯以上咖啡的女性比不喝咖啡的女性患心脏病的几率更大。根据所给句子分析可知，第一个空 drink more than two cups of coffee a day 是限制性定语从句，先行词为Women，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，使用关系代词who，第二个 don't 也是限制性定语从句，先行词为those，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，使用关系代词who，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句。
31．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Occasions are quite rare the father has the time to spend a day with his kids.
A．when B．which C．why D．that
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：让我有时间和我的孩子们相处一天的机会非常少。 the father has the time to spend a day with his kids.是分隔式定语从句，occasions是先行词，所选关系词在定语从句中要作时间状语，when此处为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，when在从句中作时间状语。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的分隔式定语从句。
32．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. 该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVO C．SVOC D．SVP
【答案】C
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：在这项研究中，研究人员要求60名学生在接受热成像技术扫描的同时执行各种任务。此句中researchers 是主语， asked 是谓语动词， a number of 60 students 是宾语，不定式 to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology 是宾语补足语，故选C。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主谓宾宾补"结构。
33．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The world that we live in is beautiful because it's made up of people from all kinds of backgrounds and cultures.该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVO C．SVOC D．SVP
【答案】D
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：我们生活的世界是美丽的，因为它由来自各种背景和文化的人组成。此句的主语是 The world ，is是系动词， beautiful 形容词，作表语，故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主系表"结构。
34．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The current group buying structure offered by the industry leaders works although there are still challenges to overcome. 该句的主句基本结构为：
A．SV B．SVP C．SVOC D．SVO
【答案】A
【知识点】其他类
【解析】【分析】句意：行业领导者目前提供的团购结构行之有效，尽管仍有挑战需要克服。主句的主语是 The current group ，谓语动词是 works ，其基本结构是"主谓"，故选A。
【点评】考查句子结构，本题涉及"主谓"结构。
35．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water,
A．will you B．shall we C．won't you D．do you
【答案】A
【知识点】疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：别忘了给波莉一些食物和给她换点水，好吗 这是一个附加疑问句，陈述部分是祈使句，反问部分使用will或won't，陈述部分是否定，因此，疑问部分用否定。故选A。
【点评】考查疑问句，本题涉及祈使句的反义疑问句。
36．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）In order to build the dam, they moved the local people and them in another place.
A．recovered B．ignored C．packed D．settled
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了修建大坝，他们转移了当地居民并且把他们安置在另外一个地方。A. recovered"恢复"；B. ignored"忽视"；C. packed "包裹"；D. settled"安置"。根据build the dam，可知是安置居民，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分recover； ignore； pack和 settle的含义。
37．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The panic buying of salt reminds us that it is necessary to keep in an emergency.
A．quiet B．calm C．silent D．still
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：抢购食盐提醒我们，在紧急情况下保持冷静是必要的。A： quiet"安静的"；B：.calm"镇静的"；C： silent"沉默的"；D： still"一动不动的"。根据空后 in an emergency ，可知此处保持镇静，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分quiet； calm； silent和 still的应用。
38．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Don't worry even if you arrived late at the airport. After all, buses run between the city and the airport.
A．gradually B．frequently C．actually D．exactly
【答案】B
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：即使你到机场晚了也不要担心。毕竟，公共汽车经常在城市和机场之间行驶。A： gradually"逐渐地"；B： frequently"经常"；C： actually"事实上"；D： exactly"精确地"。根据语境，此处指公共汽车经常在城市和机场之间行驶，故选B。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分 gradually； frequently； actually和 exactly的含义。
39．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The of the crash victims was a long and difficult task.
A．identity B．identification C．identifier D．identical
【答案】B
【知识点】词性辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：确认坠机遇难者的身份是一项长期而艰巨的任务。A： identity名词，"身份"；B： identification名词，"身份证明，认出，认同"；C： identifier名词，"识别者，识别人"；D： identical形容词，"同一的，一致的"。此处指确认遇难者身份，故选B。
【点评】考查词性辨析，区分 identity； identification； identifier和 identical的词性和含义。
40．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）It is to include really high-quality illustrations.
A．worthy B．worth C．worthwhile D．worthless
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：包括真正高质量的插图是值得的。A： worthy"值得的"；B： worth"值得的"；C： worthwhile"值得的"；D： worthless"没有价值的"。此处是固定句式 It is worthwhile to do...，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分 worthy； worth； worthwhile和 worthless的含义和应用以及固定句式It is worthwhile to do...。
四、阅读理解，四选一（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
You can make our great places better. Become a VIP and volunteer with us today!
The National Park Service offers many volunteer opportunities for individuals and groups as part of the Volunteers-In-Parksprogram. We are aimed to promote all parks to be a better place for people of all ages and colors to live a nicer life. We would regularly organize activities like collecting litters, watering young plants or killing pests on trees and so on. Besides, posters and signs of bettering parks are also in our daily doings.
We provide a one-time service or a longer-term position in many partner organizations. Opportunities are available for anyone who are willing to serve for the society. And the working specific places are various, from your nearby parks in your community to all other places throughout the United States, including the territories (边境) in the Pacific and the Caribbean (加勒比海). Some positions are specialized and need particular talents, knowledge, skills, and abilities, as well as a background check, such as writers or editors need to have good abilities of words. Other positions only require a willingness to volunteer. If you want to be a part of a shared future and do something for the world, please join us and your coming can make a big difference!
To learn more about us and details that guide our volunteer programs, click www.Volunteer.gov and then search for a volunteer eventon the web page, or contact us at 789-431-45.
41．The National Park Service aims at helping .
A．better parks B．water young plants
C．collect litters D．kill pests
42．What kind of service does this organization provide
A．one-day tour in USA B．weekend services for community
C．services in Canada D．a one-time and long-term activity
43．The passage is probably taken from
A．a newspaper B．a magazine C．a text book D．a website
【答案】41．A
42．D
43．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，国家公园管理局旨在推动所有的公园成为一个更好的地方，为个人和团体提供很多志愿服务机会。作者介绍了招募志愿者的一些信息。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“We are aimed to promote all parks to be a better place for people of all ages and colors to live a nicer life”可知国家公园管理局旨在推动所有的公园成为一个更好的地方，让所有年龄和肤色的人过上更好的生活。故选 A 。
42．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“We provide a one-time service or a longer term position in many partner organizations.”可知该组织提供一次性服务或长期职位。也就是说提供一次性或长期的活动。故选D 。
43．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“To learn more about us and details that guide our volunteer programs, click www.Volunteer.gov and then search for a volunteer event on the web page, or contact us at 789-431-45 ”可知要了解更多关于这个组织以及关于志愿者项目的细节，点击 www.Volunteer.gov，然后在网页上搜索志愿者活动，或致电 789-431-45 与我们联系。要求读者点击网站并给出点击链接，说明这篇文章有可能就来自于某个网站。故选 D 。
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
Opera for Beginners
Many people think that opera is boring, difficult to understand and unpleasant to listen to. They only see strange people singing in a foreign language and wearing funny costumes. They're too quick to judge and a lot of people have believed stupid ideas about opera without ever actually seeing one. If one takes opera seriously, with an open heart, and goes to several good live performances, I don't see any reason why he or she would dislike or hate it. The following tips can help you learn to enjoy opera.
First of all, if you are new to opera, start with a short, well-known title, such as The Marriage of Figaro by Mozart. In the beginning, avoid difficult operas with complex story lines. If your first experience is not fun, then you will expect all operas to be boring. Moreover, before going to a performance, do a little bit of homework: learn the story of the opera. If you know about the main characters and the story before you start watching, it will be much easier to understand what is happening on the stage. Finally, the most important way to enjoy opera is to keep an open mind. If you believe that you will enjoy watching opera, then you will most likely enjoy it. Think of opera as a live TV show. Opera shows the same things—love and hate, good and evil, and humans and nature—that are found in many of today's popular movies and best-selling novels. In fact, many of these movies and novels use stories copied from famous operas!
Opera is full of catchy, wonderful melodies (旋律). It's full of drama and laughter. It's full of wonder and life. Opera can be fun to watch, and it allows the audience to experience different cultures. Many people have enjoyed it for hundreds of years, and by following the tips above, you can enjoy it, too. Indeed, opera will change the minds of the people who once hated it. And most importantly, as one of the most diverse art forms out there, opera helps you appreciate different performance styles from all over the world.
44．Many people think that opera is boring because .
A．it is like a TV show B．they know little about it
C．they dislike its story lines D．its music style is old-fashioned
45．Which is a good way for beginners to enjoy opera
A．To start with a long opera.
B．To learn to sing an opera.
C．To master a foreign language.
D．To get familiar with an opera's story.
46．Many famous operas, popular movies, and best-selling novels .
A．have the same writer B．share a similar story
C．teach people about lifestyles D．help people keep an open mind
47．What does the underlined word "diverse" in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Various. B．Humorous. C．Ancient. D．Exciting.
【答案】44．B
45．D
46．B
47．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，歌剧对于初学者来说有点困难，作者介绍了可以帮助你学会欣赏歌剧的技巧。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
44．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 Many people think that opera is boring, difficult to understand and unpleasant to listen to. They only see strange people singing in a foreign language and wearing funny costumes.“许多人认为歌剧乏味、难懂、听起来不舒服。他们只看到奇怪的人用外语唱歌和穿着滑稽的服装。”可知，许多人认为歌剧很无聊，因为他们对歌剧知之甚少。故选 B。
45．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 First of all, if you are new to opera, start with a short, well-known title, such as The Marriage of Figaro by Mozart. In the beginning, avoid difficult operas with complex storylines.“首先，如果你是歌剧新手，你可以从一个简短而知名的标题开始，比如莫扎特的《费加罗的婚姻》。开始的时候，避免有复杂故事情节的难演歌剧。可知，初学者欣赏歌剧的好方法是“熟悉一部歌剧的故事。”故选 D。
46．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ Think of opera as a live TV show. Opera shows the same things—love and hate, good and evil and humans and nature—that are found in many of today's popular movies and best-selling novels. In fact, many of these movies and novels use stories copied from famous operas!”把歌剧想象成电视直播节目。歌剧所表现的东西——爱与恨、善与恶、人与自然——与当今许多流行电影和畅销小说中所表现的一样。事实上，这些电影和小说中的许多故事都是从著名的歌剧中抄袭来的。可推知，许多著名的歌剧、流行的电影和畅销的小说都有类似的故事。故选 B。
47．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“ opera helps you appreciate different performance styles from all over the world.”歌剧帮助你欣赏来自世界各地不同的表演风格。”由此可知，歌剧是 “最多样化的艺术形式之一。”所以句中划线词 diverse 的意思是“多样性的”。故选 A。
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读理解
Can a fish be depressed This question has been floating around my head ever since I saw a sad-looking Siamese fighting fish in a hotel. His name was Bruce Lee, according to a sign beneath his little bowl.
On the bottom of the little bowl was Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin (鳍) somewhat injured. When he did finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.
The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. Was I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering
Later on, I sought answers from scientists. It turns out that not only can our gilled (有鳃的) friends become depressed, but some scientists consider fish to be a promising animal model for developing anti-depressants. New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many suppose.
Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part, because they are so obvious about their depression. He can reliably test the effectiveness of anti-depressants with something called the "novel tank test". A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging out in the lower half, it's depressed. If it's swimming up top — its usual behavior when exploring a new environment — then it's not. The seriousness of the depression, he says, can be measured by quantity of time at the top vs. the bottom, all of which seemed to confirm my guess about Bruce Lee.
"One of the things we're finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out," said Dr. Braithwaite.
In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank (缸) or changing the location of items.
Dr. Brown agrees, pointing to an experiment he conducted, which showed that if you leave a fish in an enriched, physically complex environment — meaning a lot of plants to bite at and cages to swim through — it decreases stress and increases brain growth.
The last time a guest posted Bruce Lee to Instagram he was looking good and lively. Perhaps that new green leaf in his bowl had provided the enrichment he desired.
48．What does the underlined word "lethargy" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．suffering B．sorrow C．anxiety D．laziness
49．What can be known from the new research
A．Fish can be used to develop anti-depressants.
B．The way scientists thought about the fish proves totally right.
C．Pets and owners sometimes have the same feeling.
D．Many people suppose pets are quite different from people.
50．Why can fish become bored according to the text
A．They are not born to be curious.
B．They lack new things to explore.
C．They can't locate the positions of items.
D．They need oxygen from the air.
51．What is the best title for the text
A．Fish have their own feelings. B．Fish can be a boring pet.
C．Fish need better care. D．Fish depression is not a joke.
【答案】48．D
49．C
50．B
51．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者一直很好奇鱼会不会抑郁，并通过调查和专家答疑解决了这个疑问，鱼也会抑郁。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
48．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中“On the bottom of the little bowl was Bruce Lee, totally still, his lower fin( 鳍 ) somewhat injured. When he did finally move, just slightly, I got the sense that he would prefer to be dead.” 在小碗的底部是 Bruce Lee，完全静止，他的下鳍有点受伤。当他最终稍微动了一下时，我感觉他宁愿死；以及第三段“The pleasant woman at the front desk convinced me that he was well taken care of. Was I simply incorrectly supposing his lethargy was a sign of mental suffering ” 前台那位和蔼可亲的女士使我相信他受到了很好的照顾。难道我只是错误地认为他的昏昏欲睡是精神痛苦的表现吗？可知，Bruce Lee 在碗的底部静止不动是因为身体疼痛，故无精打采。故选 D。
49．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“New research has been completely changing the way scientists think about fish, building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many suppose.”一项新的研究已经完全改变了科学家对鱼的看法，建立了一个案例，即宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那样不同。由此可推断出，宠物和主人有时也有同样的感觉。故选 C。
50．考查推理判断。根据文章第六“‘One of the things we're finding that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out,' said Dr. Braithwaite. 布雷斯韦特博士说：“我们发现，鱼天生就有好奇心，会寻找新奇的东西；以及第七段“In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help prevent them from depression, she suggests introducing new objects to the tank( 缸 ) or changing the location of items.” 换句话说，你的金鱼可能很无聊。为了帮助他们防止抑郁，她建议在水箱中引入新的物体或改变物品的位置。可推知，鱼变得无聊的原因是鱼缸里缺乏可探索的新鲜事物。故选 B。
51．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了作者一直很好奇鱼会不会抑郁，并通过调查和专家答疑解决了这个疑问，鱼也会抑郁。“鱼患抑郁症可不是开玩笑的。”适合做文章的标题，故选D。
（2020高一下·延庆期中）阅读理解
Turning
the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose
weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners
eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.
An
experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who
were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full,
compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they
had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded
volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.
Scientists
believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it
is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might
have taken a full plate to feel full.
In
the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their
food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were
then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15
minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while
the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.
On
average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.
However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with
159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the
ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.
"The
experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.
Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important
role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience. "
Previous
studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste.
While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers
other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than
usual.
52．With the lights out, diners eat less partly because_____________.
A．they want to quickly finish their meals
B．they trust their feelings more than ever
C．they focus more on fun than the calories
D．they worry about the quality of the food
53．We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group _____________.
A．spent a much longer time eating the same food
B．believed they ate more than they really did
C．depended on past experiences to feel full
D．thought the food tasted better than usual
54．The last two paragraphs tell us that_____________.
A．diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness
B．senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste
C．findings of this experimentdiffer from the previous studies
D．restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark
55．The main purpose of the passage is to _______________.
A．provide statistics related to eating in the dark
B．offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas
C．inform the readers of the result of an experiment
D．persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way
【答案】52．D
53．B
54．A
55．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
52．考查细节理解。根据第一段”Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.“据科学家称，吃饭时关灯或戴眼罩可能是一种快速减肥的方法。 这个简单的技巧很有效，因为它阻止了食客为了快乐而不是为了卡路里而进食。 它还会触发（青少年）大脑的一部分担心食物可能会变质；以及第六段中的“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite”可知，看不到食物会减少食欲。故选D。
53．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had. ”戴眼罩的志愿者估计他们吃的东西比实际吃的多 88%。以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故选B。
54．考查段落大意。根据倒数第二段中的“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. ”看不到食物可能会降低食欲；以及最后一段中的“While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. ”虽然餐厅允许食客在黑暗中进餐会触发其他感官，但实际上在黑暗中进餐的味道可能比平时要温和得多。可知，最后两段主要介绍用餐者在黑暗中用餐会减少他们的食欲。故选A。
55．考查推理判断。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。本篇文章的主要目的是作者根据实验的过程告知读者实验结果。A、B选项是文章的内容，D选项并没有在文章中体现。故选C。
五、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Do you feel your life is losing its passion (热情) — as though everything you do, like work and study, is boring and empty A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air. 　56． 　 If you want to begin today to display your true self and regain your own passion in life, here are some measures you can take to get started.
●　57． 　
Get a small pocket notebook and keep it with you. Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled. What are you doing when you feel good Write it down in your notebook. Pay attention to what feels good to you.
●Let go of shoulds
　58． 　 I should stay in this job because I can't find a better one. I should become a teacher because my parents want me to. I should not try something new because I'll look foolish. Throw away this word from your vocabulary while on your passion search.
●Appreciate your skills.
Maybe you aren't an artist at something, but you have many skills. 　59． 　 Ask your friends and parents what you are good at — no matter how small. Make a list of your skills, and make note of the skills you really enjoy.
●Keep trying
The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years. You may have to try a few and give up a few things before you discover what you feel great. It may gradually surround you rather than knock you in the head. 　60． 　.
A. Recognize your joy.
B. Have patience and keep digging.
C. You may not recognize them, but others do.
D. Discovering your passion is a process of self-discovering.
E. These skills may make you stronger and more confident.
F. How can you live with passion when you have a hole in your heart
G. Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word "should".
【答案】56．D；57．A；58．G；59．C；60．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了几种找回生活热情的方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
56．根据空前" A life passion isn't something that drops on you from the heaven or appears from thin air. "生活热情不会平白无故从天而降，抑或浮现在稀薄的空气中。承接前文， D. Discovering your passion is a process of self-discovering. "发现自己的热情是自我发现的过程。"符合语境。故选 D。
57．根据空后" Get a small pocket notebook and keep it with you. Keep the memory of times when you feel happy and fulfilled. What are you doing when you feel good Write it down in your notebook. Pay attention to what feels good to you. "随身携带一个小笔记本，记下当你感到快乐和满足时的每一刻。当你感觉开心时你正在做什么呢？用笔记下来，并且留意那些让你感到美好的事物。承接下文， A. Recognize your joy. "认识到自己的快乐。"符合语境，故选 A。
58．根据本段小标题" ●Let go of shoulds ""让"应该"的条条框框随风去。" G. Many people hold themselves back from happiness because of the word "should". "许多人由于‘应该'要做什么而失去了自己的幸福感。"符合语境，故选 G。
59．根据空前"Maybe you aren't an artist at something, but you have many skills."或许你不是一名艺术鉴赏家，但你有许多其他才能。承接上文，C. You may not recognize them, but others do."你可能没把那些看作是自己的一技之长，但其他人却恰恰相反。"符合语境，故选 C。
60．根据空前" The process of finding your passion may take a couple of years. You may have to try a few and give up a few things before you discover what you feel great. It may gradually surround you rather than knock you in the head. "找回热情的过程花了我几年的时间。在途中你可能不得不尝试一些，又放弃一些，直到你找到真正使你满意的东西。热情只会缓慢降临在你身边而不会突然出现。"承接上文， B. Have patience and keep digging. "要有耐心，继续挖掘"符合语境，故选 B。
六、完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。
A little boy almost thought of himself as the most 61． child in the world because he was born with a disability. He seldom played with his classmates; and when 62． by his teacher to answer questions, he always lowered his head and responded with 63． .
One spring, the boy's father 64． some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor. He told his children to plant a sapling each person in front of the house, promising that a nice gift would go to 65． grows the best tree. The boy also wanted to get his father's gift. But seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees merrily, anyhow, an idea suddenly 66． him: he hoped the tree he planted would 67． soon.
Leaving his tree unattended for several days, the little boy went to see his tree again. He was 68． to find it grew greener among the surrounding trees. His father kept his promise, bought the little boy his favorite gift and told him that he had the 69． to become an outstanding botanist (植物学家)when he grew up.
Since then, the little boy 70． became optimistic. One day, the little boy couldn't sleep on the bed, expecting the coming festival. Looking at the bright moonlight and fireworks outside the window, he suddenly decided to go out to see the 71． . When he came to the courtyard, he found his father was spraying (喷洒) something on it. The truth came to 72． all of a sudden. He returned to his room, tears rolling down his face.
The little boy didn't become a botanist. 73． he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt. Decades passed and the scene still 74． Franklin Roosevelt and never a moment did he forget it.
Love is the best nourishment (营养品)of life and even if it is just a cup of 75． , it can make the tree of life grow strong.
61．A．foolish B．significant C．unfortunate D．powerful
62．A．forced B．asked C．invited D．persuaded
63．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
64．A．pulled away B．brought back C．put forward D．packed up
65．A．whoever B．whatever C．whenever D．however
66．A．failed B．determined C．urged D．struck
67．A．grow B．react C．die D．benefit
68．A．delighted B．frightened C．surprised D．excited
69．A．potential B．luck C．solution D．version
70．A．gradually B．finally C．actually D．originally
71．A．fireworks B．moon C．night D．tree
72．A．shock B．light C．power D．roof
73．A．Indeed B．Otherwise C．Thus D．Instead
74．A．passed on B．took over C．stuck with D．depended on
75．A．water B．tea C．coffee D．wine
【答案】61．C；62．B；63．A；64．B；65．A；66．D；67．C；68．C；69．A；70．A；71．D；72．B；73．D；74．C；75．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩因为先天残疾而整日消沉，他的父亲为了帮助他树立信心，让兄弟姐妹们一起种树，之后父亲偷偷地帮助他，结果他的树苗长得最好说他有成为植物学家的潜能。小男孩找回了自信，长大后他没有成为植物学家而是当选为美国总统，他就是 Franklin Roosevelt。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，代词，宾语从句，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
61．句意：一个小男孩几乎认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，因为他生下来就有残疾。A. foolish "愚蠢的"；B. significant "重要的"；C. unfortunate "不幸的"；D. powerful"强大的"。根据空后 he was born with a disability 可知生来残疾，所以认为自己是最不幸的人。故选 C。
62．句意：他很少和同学们一起玩；当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头，什么也不回答。A. forced "迫使"；B. asked "询问"；C. invited "邀请"；D. persuaded "说服"。根据空后" by his teacher to answer questions" 可知是被老师询问问题。故选 B。
63．句意：他很少和同学们一起玩；当老师让他回答问题时，他总是低着头，什么也不回答。A. nothing "没有什么"；B. anything "任何事"；C. something "某事"；D. everything "一切"。根据空前" he always lowered his head and responded with "可知因为自卑，所以男孩被问到问题也低着头，什么都不说。故选 A。
64．句意：一年春天，男孩的父亲从邻居那里带回来一些树苗。A. pulled away "脱身"；B. brought back "带回来"；C. put forward "提出"；D. packed up "打包"。根据空后" some saplings (树苗) from the neighbor "可知是指从邻居那里带回来一些树苗。故选 B。
65．句意：他告诉他的孩子们在房子前面每人种一棵树苗，并保证谁长得最好，就会得到一份好礼物。A. whoever "无论谁"；B. whatever "无论什么"；C. whenever "无论何时"；D. however "然而"。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"无论谁"应用 whoever。故选 A。
66．句意：但是看到兄弟姐妹们开心地给树浇水，不管怎么说，他突然有了一个想法：他希望他种的树早点死掉。A. failed "失败"；B. determined "决定"；C. urged "催促"； D. struck "罢工"。根据空前" an idea suddenly" 可知指突然有了一个想法，an idea strike sb."某人突然想到一个主意"。故选 D。
67．句意：但是看到兄弟姐妹们开心地给树浇水，不管怎么说，他突然有了一个想法：他希望他种的树早点死掉。A. grow "生长"；B. react "反应"；C. die "死亡"；D. benefit "有益于"。根据下文 "Leaving his tree unattended for several days "可知男孩不照顾树，是因为希望树苗死掉。故选 C。
68．句意：他惊奇地发现它在周围的树丛中变得更绿了。A. delighted "高兴的"；B. frightened "害怕的"；C. surprised "惊讶的"；D. excited "激动的"。根据上文可知男孩好几天都没有照顾树，结果树却变得更绿了，所以很惊讶。故选 C。
69．句意：他的父亲履行了他的诺言，给小男孩买了一件他最喜欢的礼物，并告诉他说他有潜力长大后成为一名优秀的植物学家。A. potential "潜力"；B. luck "运气"；C. solution" 解决方案"；D. version "版本"。根据空后" to become an outstanding botanist when he grew up" 可知是指有潜力成为一名植物学家。故选 A。
70．句意：从那时起，小男孩逐渐变得乐观起来。A. gradually "逐渐地"；B. finally "终于"；C. actually "实际上"；D. originally "最初"。根据空后" became optimistic" 可知经过这件事，男孩逐渐变得乐观。故选 A。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着窗外明亮的月光和烟花，他突然决定出去看看树。A. fireworks 烟花；B. moon 月亮；C. night 夜晚；D. tree 树。根据后文 When he came to the courtyard, he found his father was spraying (喷洒) something on it.可知男孩想出去看看院子里的树。故选 D。
72．句意：真相突然大白。A. shock "震惊"；B. light "灯"；C. power "力量"；D. roof "屋顶"。 come to light固定短语，"真相大白"。故选 B。
73．句意：他反而被选为美国总统。A. Indeed "确实"；B. Otherwise "否则"；C. Thus "因此"；D. Instead "相反，反而"。根据上文" The little boy didn't become a botanist."可知男孩没有成为植物学家，反而成为了总统。故选 D。
74．句意：几十年过去了，这一幕仍萦绕在 Franklin Roosevelt 的脑海中，他从未忘记过。A. passed on "通过"；B. took over "接管"；C. stuck with "继续，无法摆脱"；D. depended on "取决于"。根据空前" Decades passed and the scene still "可知几十年过去了，这一幕仍萦绕在Franklin Roosevelt 的脑海中。故选 C。
75．句意：爱是生命最好的营养品，即使它只是一杯水，它也能使生命之树茁壮成长。A. water "水"；B. tea "茶"；C. coffee "咖啡"；D. wine "酒"。根据空后" it can make the tree of life grow strong "可知是指让树木成长的一杯水。故选 A。
七、语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
More and more South Korean parents are turning to "Uncle Service" providers to make sure their children don't have to put up 　76． 　 bullying (欺凌)in school. Though such services are 　77． 　 (obvious) very expensive, it is more effective to deal with the matter, 　78． 　 makes the business more and more popular. 　79． 　 is reported that the rented strong uncles can not only protect children from bullies, but can also gather evidence of bullying 　80． 　 (make) an official complaint with the school. Most companies offer different packages (套餐)to meet customers' 　81． 　 (need) and business is reported booming. Some parents think it can solve the problem without 　82． 　 (have) to wait for a long investigation. Others hold the opposite view, thinking it another form of 　83． 　 (violent). Some experts claim that parents taking matters into their own hands isn't 　84． 　 effective way and the school bullying needs to 　85． 　 (deal) with by improving the system.
【答案】76．with；77．obviously；78．which；79．It；80．to make；81．needs；82．having；83．violence；84．an；85．be dealt
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了在韩国出现了一种保护未成年人不受校园欺凌称为"Uncle Service"的服务。陈述了不同人对此的不同看法。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及介词，副词，定语从句，代词，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，冠词，语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
76．句意：越来越多的韩国父母求助于 Uncle Service,以确保他们的孩子不必忍受在学校受欺凌。put up with 固定短语，"忍受，忍耐"，故填 with。
77．句意：尽管这样的服务显然非常昂贵。此处副词修饰谓语动词are，故填 obviously。
78．句意：处理问题更加有效，使业务越来越受欢迎。 makes the business more and more popular 是非限制性定语从句，先行词指代前句的"处理问题更加有效"这件事。在非限制性定从中，先行词指代某件事。故填 which。
79．句意：据报道，租来的强壮叔叔不仅可以保护孩子免受欺凌，还可以收集欺凌的证据，向学校提出正式投诉。分析句子, it + be + done +that 是固定搭配，是形式主语的结构。故填 It。
80．句意：还可以收集欺凌的证据，向学校提出正式投诉。此处不定式表示目的。故填 to make。
81．句意：大多数公司提供不同的套餐，以满足客户的需要。customers' "顾客的"可以修饰名词构成所属关系。此处的 need 作为名词译为"需求"，要用名词的复数形式。故填 needs。
82．句意：一些家长认为不用等待很长时间的调查就能解决问题。分析句子， without 为介词，后面加 doing 的形式。故填 having。
83．句意：另一些人持相反的观点，认为这是暴力的另一种形式。此处名词作介词宾语 ，故填 violence。
84．句意：一些专家认为，父母自己解决问题不是一个有效的方法。分析句子，划线后的 way 译为"方法，方式"是可数名词，要体现名词的单复数。此处需要体现单数，又因 way 被 effective 修饰，effective 以元音音素开头。故填 an。
85．句意：学校欺凌问题需要通过改进制度来解决。need to be done，固定短语，" 需要做某事"，故填 be dealt。
八、根据句意和首字母，用单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
86．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Both English and French are o　 　(官方的) languages in Canada.
【答案】official
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：英语和法语都是加拿大的官方语言。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语提示" 官方的 "，应用形容词 official ，修饰名词 languages ，作定语，故填 official 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
87．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）People's a　 　(态度) towards the matter are different.
【答案】attitudes
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：人们对此事的态度各不相同。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 态度 "提示，应用 attitude ，此处作主语，结合谓语动词are，可知应用复数形式，故填 attitudes 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
88．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）His house was de　 　(毁坏) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.
【答案】destroyed
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他的房子在去年的地震中被毁了，他不得不盖一栋新房子。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 毁坏 "应用 destroy ，是谓语动词，与助动词was构成一般过去时的被动语态，故填 destroyed。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
89．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Tsinghua University, f　 　(建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China.
【答案】founded
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：清华大学成立于1911年，是中国最好的大学之一。根据句意和首字母，以及汉语" 建立 "应用动词found，与 Tsinghua University 在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用过去分词，此处作定语，故填 founded 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
90．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）The man's s　 　(幸存) was surprising, as the doctors thought he would die.
【答案】survival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这名男子的幸存令人惊讶，因为医生认为他会死。根据句意和首字母，以及" 幸存 "提示，应用名词 survival ，不可数名词，此处作主语，故填 survival 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
九、根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
91．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）We are rather　 　(concern) about father's health.
【答案】concerned
【知识点】固定短语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们相当关心父亲的健康。此处形容词作表语， concern "关心"，动词，其形容词是 concerned "关心的，担心的"，be concerned about 固定短语，"对......关心"，故填 concerned 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语，以及固定短语be concerned about。
92．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）My hometown has changed beyond　 　(recognize) since I was last here.
【答案】recognition
【知识点】固定短语；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：自从我上次来这里以来，我的家乡已经面目全非了。此处名词作介词宾语， recognize "认出，辨认"，动词，其名词是 recognition "认识"，不可数名词，beyond recognition固定短语，"难以辨认"，故填 recognition 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语以及固定短语beyond recognition。
93．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）I'd like to thank my friend, who's been very　 　(generosity) with his time.
【答案】generous
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我要感谢我的朋友，他非常慷慨地抽出时间。此处形容词作表语， generosity "慷慨，大方"名词，其形容词是 generous ，故填 generous 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
94．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）On arriving there, we expressed our　 　(congratulate) to him on his success
【答案】congratulations
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：到达那里后，我们对他的成功表示祝贺。此处名词作宾语， congratulate "祝贺"，动词，其名词是 congratulation，常用复数形式，故填congratulations 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
95．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）Maggie thought it was　 　(fair) that women were not allowed to receive education.
【答案】unfair
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：玛吉认为不允许女性接受教育是不公平的。此处形容词作表语，结合句意应用"不公平的"，即 unfair ，故填 unfair 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
十、根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空（每小题1分）
（2023高一下·深圳开学考）根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。
turn to, take part in, in ruins, make up one's mind, as a matter of fact, set up, go through
96．The police 　 　 the whole building but didn't t find anything valuable.
97．—I'm afraid she won't come to help me as she promised.
—Don't worry. Nothing will change her mind if she has 　 　.
98．The strong earthquake left the city 　 　 merely in several seconds.
99．He 　 　 his own business after he graduated from university.
100．It goes without saying that 　 　 social activities can broaden our horizons.
【答案】96．went through
97．made up her mind
98．in ruins
99．set up
100．taking part in
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】turn to动词短语，"转向，面向"； take part in动词短语，"参加"； in ruins介词短语，"成为废墟"； make up one's mind动词短语，"下决心"；as a matter of fact介词短语，"实际上"； set up动词短语，"建立"； go through动词短语，"经历，搜查"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
96．句意：警察搜查了整栋大楼，但没有发现任何有价值的东西。go through动词短语，"经历，搜查"，此处是谓语动词，根据but didn't t find anything valuable ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 went through 。
97．句意：——我担心她不会像她承诺的那样来帮助我。——别担心。如果她下定决心，什么都不会改变她的主意。make up one's mind动词短语，"下决心"，结合语境和助动词has，应用现在完成时，故填made up her mind 。
98．句意：强烈的地震只在几秒钟内就把这座城市夷为废墟。 in ruins介词短语，"成为废墟"，此处介词短语作宾补，故填in ruins 。
99．句意：他大学毕业后创办了自己的企业。set up动词短语，"建立"，此处是谓语动词，结合 after he graduated from university ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 set up 。
100．句意：不用说，参加社交活动可以拓宽我们的视野。take part in动词短语，"参加"，此处是动名词作主语，故填taking part in 。
十一、应用文写作（满分15分）
101．（2023高一下·深圳开学考）假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:
1）比赛时间;
2）演讲话题;
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数 80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear George,
……
Yours sincerely.
Li Hua
【答案】Dear George,
Learning that you show great interest in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese speech contest for foreign students.(发出邀请）
The activity is scheduled at 8: 00 am on January 20th in our school lecture hall. The theme of the speech contest is "differences between eastern and western customs", through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile deepen their love of China. Fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. You are expected to sign up for the contest by email.
I'm looking forward to your participation and do wish you success.
Yours sincerely.
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给你的英国朋友George写封邮件，邀请他参加你校将举办的外国学生中文演讲比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）比赛时间；2）演讲话题；3）报名方式。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Learning that you show great interest in the Chinese language, I'm writing to invite you to participate in the Chinese speech contest for foreign students.运用了现在分词作原因状语，宾语从句；The theme of the speech contest is "differences between eastern and western customs", through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile deepen their love of China. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. 运用了过去分词作状语。
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