专练07 任务型阅读- 高二英语下学期期末题型专项训练 含答案（外研版2019）
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| 名称 | 专练07 任务型阅读- 高二英语下学期期末题型专项训练 含答案（外研版2019） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-06-19 20:22:35 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专练07 任务型阅读- 高二英语下学期期末题型专项训练（外研版2019）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Electronic marketing is a form of product promotion and customer relation establishment conducted with the use of electronic media. With the development of technology, a new era in marketing has been created. Marketers have been quick to jump on subsequent (后来的) technological developments from radio to the panies may market specially via electronic media or use a mixture of marketing media in order to reach a broad target audience. Marketing has a number of goals, including familiarizing people with companies and products, encouraging consumers to adopt specific products, and promoting a positive public opinion about a company, product, or service.
Electronic marketing is free to change its methods according to different circumstances. It allows companies to create targeted campaigns with broad reach. This form of marketing can also be very cost effective, making it possible for companies to reach lots of consumers at a small amount of the cost for other types of advertising.
In addition to media like television, radio, and the Internet, electronic marketers can use media such as phones for conveying advertisements. Talking ads mounted on bus stations and other public installations are another example. Electronic kiosks in locations like malls can also be used for marketing purposes. Marketers can create video brochures, insert ads in front of feature films, and find a number of other ways to reach the audience via electronic means.
Internet marketing in particular is rich ground for marketers. This form of electronic marketing can be generic (通用的), as in the case of banner ads placed on websites. It can also be remarkably specific, tailored to Internet use habits with the goal of reaching out to specific consumers. Marketers can serve different kinds of ads customize email marketing campaigns, and use other techniques to reach potential consumers on the Internet.
Some advertising firms specialize in electronic marketing services. They can help their customers organize effective campaigns and may also be involved in the carrying out of marketing campaigns. These firms keep up with the latest trends in marketing so that they can stay ahead with advertisements that will appeal and attract.
Companies must use electronic marketing with care. Some consumers may find such marketing upsetting, forcing companies to find creative ways to advertise that will arouse their interest instead of irritating them. It is also necessary to think about how advertising fits in with a company image and the ideals that a company wants to project. A company that prides itself on discretion(谨慎), for example, would probably not want to deliver an interruptive email marketing campaign based on browsing habits.
Passage Outline Supporting details
Introduction ◆Electronic marketing is to 1 products and establish customer relations by using electronic media. ◆As technology develops, marketers have 2 their focus of technological developments from radio to the Internet.
Features of electronic marketing ◆Electronic marketing is 3 and it allows companies to make targeted campaigns in a wide range. ◆It is 4 to use electronic marketing than to use other types of advertising.
5 of electronic marketing ◆Many kinds of advertisements can be used to help marketers 6 marketing purposes. ◆ 7 on specific Internet use habits, marketers can reach specific potential consumers on the Internet.
◆Some advertising firms can help customers 8 and carry out marketing campaigns. ◆These firms follow the latest trends in marketing so that they can take a 9 position in the industry.
Conclusions ◆Some consumers may prefer creative ways of advertising that won't irritate them. ◆It is also necessary to consider how advertising 10 the image of a company and its ideals.
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相对应的题号的横线上。
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
“ It’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance ” Beyond a certain level, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.
But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently applauded the "996” model, where employees work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week, as a huge blessing”. However, to modem office workers presenteeism is a curse.
There will be days when you do not have much to do, just waiting for someone else to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more important, they can see you, So you make an effort to look busy.
If bosses do not like to go home before their underlings （下属）and underlings fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees’ performance, use time in the office as a measurement.
But presenteeism has more serious consequences. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. To take one example, research found that Japanese employees with lower-back pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain. As a result, those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. What could be more discouraging than being in pain while feeling trapped at work
“None of this is to say that employers are not entitled to expect workers to be in the office for a small amount of time. Unavoidably there will be a need for some (preferably short )meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs.
With portable smartphones and laptops, we can work at home as easily as in the office. Turning an office into a prison does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automatic. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
11 Modem office workers stay chained to their desk for long periods.
Contributing factors The staff think it may give them a（n） 12 to get a pay rise, or a promotion. Employees’ performance is 13 in terms of working hours.
Consequences Employees work less 14 , some pretending to be busy. More medical expenses have to be 15 by employers for their staff Workers have a 16 to be both physically and mentally unhealthy. It is of no 17 to the development of creativity. .
18 of face-to-face contact It develops friendships. It makes a useful exchange of ideas 19 . It enables workers to 20 each other’s needs.
Conclusion To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
At a primary school Manning, Carolina, second-grade teacher David Chadwell believed that segregating(隔离) elementary-age boys and girls produces immediate academic improvement—in both genders. “Although this is a tendency, we can teach boys and girls based on what we now know.”
“They see differently. Literally,” he begins. Male and female eyes are not organized in the same way, he explains. The composition of the male eye makes it attuned(协调) to motion and direction. “Boys interpret the world as objects moving through space,” he says. “The teacher should move around the room constantly and be that object.”
The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors like silver, blue, black, grey, and brown. It’s no accident boys tend to create pictures of moving objects like spaceships, cars, and trucks in dark colors instead of drawing the happy colorful family, like girls in their class.
The female eye, on the other hand, is drawn to textures and colors. It’s also oriented toward warmer colors—reds, yellows, oranges—and visuals with more details, like faces. To engage girls, Chadwell says, the teacher doesn’t need to move as much, if at all. Girls work well in circles, facing each other. Using descriptive phrases and lots of color in overhead presentations or on the chalkboard gets their attention.
Boys and girls also hear differently. “When someone speaks in a loud tone, girls interpret it as yelling,” Chadwell says. “They think you’re mad and can shut down.” Girls have a more finely tuned aural structure；they can hear higher frequencies than boys and are more sensitive to sounds. He advises girls’ teachers to watch the tone of their voices. Boys’ teachers should sound matter of fact, even excited.
A boy’s autonomic nervous system causes them to be more alert when they’re standing, moving,and the room temperature is around 69 degrees. Stress in boys, he says, tends to increase blood flow to their brains, a process that helps them stay focused. This won’t work for girls, who are more focused seated in a warmer room around 75 degrees. Girls also respond to stress differently. When they are exposed to threat and confrontation, blood goes to their guts(内脏), leaving them feeling nervous or anxious.
“Boys will rise to a risk and tend to overestimate their abilities,” he says. “Teachers can help them by getting them to be more realistic about results. Girls at this age shy away from risk, which is exactly why lots of girls’ programs began in the private sector. Teachers can help them learn to take risks in an atmosphere where they feel confident about doing so.”
Title： Primary students learn 21
David’s belief ,Once we segregate elementary-age students, they will have the tendency to learn 22 . Differences between boys and girls, Sight ,Boys’ eyes are sensitive to 23 and are drawn to cooler colors.
It is textures and 24 of objects that attract girls. Hearing ,Comparatively speaking, girls can hear 25 and are more sensitive to sounds. They would interpret a loud tone as 26 .Nervous system, Stress in boys tends to increase blood flow to their 27 , which helps them keep 28 . Boys often overestimate their abilities and are brave in face of the risk.
When girls are exposed to 29 , blood goes to their guts, leaving them feeling 30 . Girls at this age in many cases will shyly avoid dealing with risk.
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The condition characterized by lack of basic human needs as a result of the inability to afford them is called absolute poverty (绝对贫困). The “needs” in this case range from drinking water and shelter to basic health care and education. Being different from absolute poverty, relative (相对的) poverty refers to people who have limited access to resources (资源) compared with others in society.
The most obvious effects of poverty include health problems, homelessness and a lack of education. A couple of these effects, like health problems and a lack of education, can also worsen conditions.
A person living in poverty can’t afford daily bread at times, let alone think about health-related spending. In the same way, a person who isn’t in the best of health will find it difficult to work and earn his daily bread. Thus, poverty and poor health form a vicious circle (恶性循环).
Poor health due to poor economic conditions is not limited to physical disorders alone. Poor people are more likely to suffer from diseases, which can push them into severer poverty, including a range of mental illnesses which hinder (妨碍) a person’s ability to work.
Most people below the poverty line can’t afford proper habitation, and thus, have no choice, but to “sleep rough”. More than 100 million people are homeless in the world today, with some sources suggesting that the number is far greater than 300 million.
While children living in absolute poverty can’t afford basic education, those in relative poverty are forced to drop out halfway due to their lack of ability to pay fees for further education or as a result of having to take family responsibilities (责任). The relationship between poverty and education also works the other way round, with lack of education being one of the most important causes of poverty in the world.
The effects of poverty on a child’s development are seen in the classroom, most often in the form of low self-respect. Children from well-to-do families dress better which can bring about a feeling of inferiority (自卑) in children living in poverty. Poverty leads to social differences, causing poor children to get away from the learning environments and exhibit behavior that is against society, thus making poverty one of the most serious social problems we are facing today.
Poverty
General 31 to poverty ●When one is unable to afford the 32 human needs, he is in absolute poverty.●When one has fewer resources than others, he is in relative poverty.
The effect of poverty on health ●Poverty can lead to bad health which, in turn, prevents the poor from 33 to support their lives. This is a vicious circle.●Poor health due to poor 34 conditions includes physical and mental health problems.
The effect of poverty on 35 ●The poor can’t 36 proper habitation, and thus have to sleep 37 .●The data suggests there might be more than 300 million people who are homeless in the world.
The effect of poverty on education ●Due to poverty, children can’t enjoy the rights of 38 .●Children from poor families don’t feel 39 , which affects their development. ●Children living in poverty tend to do something 40 to society.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用英语在表格空白处填入适当信息。每空不超过5个单词。
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. However, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. The tips are as follows.
1. Plan your time carefully. When making a plan for a week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list. you should make a schedule of your tine. First plan your time for eating, sleeping. dressing, etc. and then decide a good, regular time for study. It will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
2. Find a good place for study. Look around the house for a good study area, which may be a desk or a corner of your room, and stay away from everything but study materials. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen carefully to what the teachers say. Careful listening in class means less work later.
4. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teachers mention in class. If you read the new materials. you can understand your teachers better next day, and you will be active in class.
These general methods might help you with your study.
General methods Dos Advantages
Plan your time carefully. Make a 41 of things that you have to do. Force you to realize what is happening to 42 .
Make a schedule.
Find a good place 43 . Stay away from everything but study materials. Concentrate on the subject.
Make good use of your time in class. Listen carefully to the teachers. Careful listening in class means 44 .
Study regularly. Go over 45 . Help you understand teachers better and be active in class.
Read new materials.
A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.
Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.
Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, cock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account (账户) with the site.
There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload them art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.
Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informed.
Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers
Many 46 are available an various websites.
I. Educational sites: helping one 47 and search for a college
● Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework
● Find the right school that one 48
● Learn information about college school life and 49
II. Free music sites: 50 to diversify musical tastes
● Listen to all types of music
● Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog
● Make multiple playlists 51
III. 52 : helping one appreciate and create works
● View photos and works from mediums
● 53 for others to see
● 54 on display
Helpful websites can make teenagers 55
Kids who are old enough to surf the Internet can get to know the world. But it can also bring problems. For example, some of the websites are not proper for kids, which can lead to kid’s growth problems. That’s why it’s important to know what your kids see and hear on the Internet.
When it comes to safety problems, it’s wise to take advantage of online protection tools. They will control your kids’ seeing and using adult material. Many Internet service-providers (ISPs) provide parent-control choices to prevent certain material from coming into a computer. You can also get software (软件) that keeps your child from certain sites based on a “bad site” list that your ISP creates. Besides, keep the computer in a common area, not in their own bedrooms, where you can keep a close eye on their activities.
Discuss the dangers of talking with strangers online and remind your kids that people online don’t always tell the truth. Tell your kids never to give strangers their personal information, such as the address, phone number, school name or location. Tell them never to exchange photos with strangers in the chat rooms online, which will put the families at risk. Tell them never to agree to meet anyone from a chat room in person. Tell them never to reply to a dangerous email, message, post or text. Give your kids some encouragement to let them tell you about any communication or conversation that is dangerous. Nothing can make sure that they’ll be kept away from 100% of the risks on the Internet. So it’s important for you to spend time online together to teach your kids proper online behavior and educate them about online risks so they can surf the Internet safely. Taking an active part in your kids’ Internet activities will help ensure that they benefit from the wealth of valuable information it offers.
If your child spend long hours online, especially at night, with people you don’t know, you should take notice of your kids behavior. If your child suddenly turns off the computer when you walk into the room, ask why. Unwillingness to discuss online activities is another sign to watch for.
Internet Safety
A reason for Internet safety Some improper websites can 56 children’s growth problems.
Ways to help kids You can 57 on some online protection tools to prevent bad adult material. You can 58 your children’s activities by putting the computer in a public place at home. Have a 59 with your kids about the dangers of talking with strangers online. Set 60 for your kids to follow while they’re surfing the Internet. 61 your kids to share dangerous online conversation with you. 62 your children how to surf the Internet by spending time online together with them.
Kids’ 63 you should watch for Your kids chat with 64 for long hours online at night. Your kids turn off the computer when you walk into the room. Your kids are 65 to discuss online activities with you.
阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填人最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
A debate is a discussion about a subject on which people have different views. It’s a nice way of gaining a lot of knowledge and views on a topic, or situation that we aren’t either aware of, or haven’t really looked into in detail. It makes you more able to think critically and more confident in speaking. In addition, it helps in appreciating tolerance of others’ opinion and improves your listening skills.
A debate requires one to know how to use words and intelligence to overcome his or her opposing team members. To give great arguments during a debate, first you need to get your facts right. To make what you have in material for a debate contain facts, don’t just depend on the Internet, especially avoid just referring to one website for all your information. You are also required to refer to books, and make sure they’re authors of a high degree, since their materials have reference notes and extensive research projects done on what they are covering.
Second, you should be full of confidence. You need to show that you’re sure of what you’re saying , and point out how flawed their comeback arguments were. The only way to do this is to thoroughly know your material before heading on out to a debate session. Know your statistics, know your history and above all know names, dates and places. Make key notes to refer to. Don’t stammer (口吃), and also don’t level your gaze with your opponent or the rest of them. All this will help you keep confident.
At last, by no means should you lose your calmness, but keep your voice firm and raised enough to sound calm. A good team member should know how to keep his emotions in control as well as keep others under control in his/ her team.
Title Debate
66 A discussion about a subject on which people have different views.
67 ◇Help understand a topic or situation more deeply. ◇Improve your 68 to think critically. ◇ 69 your confidence in speaking. ◇Help appreciate tolerance of others’ opinion. ◇Make you better at speaking.
Tips Get your facts right ◇Don’t just be 70 on the Internet for your information. ◇Refer to books 71 by those with a high degree.
Be 72 with confidence. ◇Show your 73 of what you’re saying. ◇Point out the flaw of others’ comeback arguments. ◇Thoroughly know your material before attending a debate. ◇Make key notes to refer to. ◇Avoid stammering and 74 your gaze with your opponent
Keep cool ◇Speak 75 and loudly enough to sound calm. ◇Control your emotions.
Choose the best answer and paraphrase the underlined words in the passage
Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasn’t much–a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA．The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “she should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden, “if her photo hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholar doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at king’s college in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was to produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that "Franklins was only two steps away from the solution."
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA．She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
76．What is the text mainly about
A．The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B．The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C．The process of discovering DNA．
D．The race between two teams of scientists.
77．Watson was angry with Franklin because she _____.
A．took the lead in the competition
B．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrong
D．shared her data with other scientists
78．Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”
A．She developed pictures in dark labs.
B．She discovered the black X—the shape of DNA．
C．Her name was forgotten after her death.
D．Her contribution was unknown to the public.
79．What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick
A．Disapproving
B．Respectful
C．Admiring
D．Doubtful
80．was left out________
81．robbed of credit ________
82．a lot rockier________
83．easily bend________
84．was backed up________
85．coming into the light________
“The gaokao, China’s national college entrance exam, is winning more recognition as a way for universities overseas to evaluate Chinese students,” recruiting officers said.
Stanley Nel, vice-president of international relations at the University of San Francisco in the United States, who is responsible for the university’s admissions from China, said he had had several inquiries from US universities about how to recruit Chinese students on the basis of their gaokao scores.
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) have long been two musts for students from other counties, including China, to apply to study in the US.
USF, a private university in California, started a pilot program to accept Chinese students based on their gaokao scores in 2015. The idea came from USF President Paul Fitzgerald's belief that standardized tests like the SAT are not very good predictors of how well students will do at the university. "We are aware of the many criticisms that have been made of the gaokao, but it has the advantage of being what educational experts call a ' criterion - referenced ' exam: It tests whether students are able to master a given body of knowledge,"he said.
Currently, at least four higher education institutions in the US are recruiting Chinese students based on their gaokao performances.The Illinois Institute of Technology, a private institution in Chicago, started the practice first, in 2009.Outside the US,countries including Spain,Italy,Singapore,France and Australia also recognize gaokao scores.
More than 200 students from China requested an interview with USF last year.74 of them were selected for a follow-up interview,44 received offers and 20 accepted the invitation and joined USF for the 2015 fall semester. Students admitted in this way have done "exceptionally well" in the past academic year,Nel added."The average GPA for all gaokao students is about 3.5 out of 4.For all other students—American and non-gaokao international students—American and non-gaokao international students—the average GPA is 3.2,"he said.
Zhu Zihao gained admission in computer sciences at USF in 2015 through the program and performed well in his first academic year.He said that students who had experienced China's gaokao usually had comprehensive basic knowledge,which helps them excel in studies.
Nel said,"students admitted through China's gaokao are not only smart but extremely conscientious（认真的）and hardworking."
"This year we hope to recruit about 50 students in this way,and even more in years to come,"he said.
The gaokao
Past situation Universities in the US evaluated Chinese students according to two 86 : The Test of English as a Foreign Language and the Scholastic Aptitude Test.
87 situation The gaokao is increasingly 88 as a way of evaluating Chinese students by universities abroad.
89 of the people concerned Stanley Nel—the person responsible for the university’s admissions from China ●Chinese students having received good scores in the gaokao performed academically well when studying in America. ●Chinese students admitted through China’ gaokao are smart, conscientious and 90 .
Paul Fitzgerald—USF President ●Despite the 91 the gaokao has received, it has its advantages. It tests students’ 92 to master a given body of knowledge. ●Some standardized tests cannot 93 students’ performance at the university well.
Zhu Zihao—a student admitted to USF in 2015 The 94 of the gaokao is helpful for the performance at the university well.
Future situation More Chinese students will be recruited by the universities overseas 95 on their performance in the gaokao.
Many great designers take their inspiration from nature. Here are 3 great techniques for creating original, beautiful, nature-inspired design.
1. Explore Different Perspectives (视角)
When viewing nature from unusual or different perspectives, designers can produce more original and visually interesting results.
Viewing nature in this way can help us focus on aspects we might have missed. Instead of looking at the trees, pay attention to a small area of grass, a flower bed or even an unusual rock by the sidewalk. While trees would be the main focus in a photo taken at a regular height, they become part of the background with this fresh new perspective.
2. Stop Studying Plants
Green is beautiful, but nature offers so much more. Stop looking at trees, flowers and other plants for a moment, and turn to natural things that have nothing to do with plant life.
Too many designers focus on leaves of some kind. Considering other parts of nature is a great way to come up with original yet still nature-inspired designs. For example, how rock came into being can be amazing, and animal features can also be inspiring. Just put down that leaf.
3. Use Your Imagination
Think of a natural environment you’ve never visited before, and then use your imagination as an indirect route to create a design based on that place. Researching new scenery can lead to inspiration.
For example, if you have never been to the Sahara Desert, it could be the blank (空白的) field you’re looking for. We know it’s a hot desert and has distinguished scenery. We can use this knowledge and fill the blank to create an original design.
96．Why does the author recommend exploring nature in different perspectives
_____________________________________________________________
97．What can be studied besides plants according to the text
_____________________________________________________________
98．What can we learn about creating a design from the last technique
_____________________________________________________________
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
Imagine a world where people live in modern homes nearly seven and a half feet above the sea. Rows of “new living pods” with the most advanced technology and drones (无人机) to deliver necessities will hit the market this year.
Ocean Builders, a Panama-based company that specializes in creative sea technology, showed what they describe as the “world’s first homes that are good for the ecosystem (生态系统)”. One of its three home models that are currently in production-the EcoPod, is designed to be a more affordable choice that features a rain collecting roof, huge windows and a smaller floor plan. It’s also built to be placed in a box to ship wherever a customer wants to set it up. The company’s long-term goal is to make environmentally friendly homes made from as many natural materials as possible. Some pods are under building now on the north coast of Panama in the Linton Bay Marina. SeaPods will be put primarily in warm, wet places.
“We are planting the SeaPod seed here in Panama, but our final goal is to have SeaPod homes in every corner of the ocean, all around the world, ” Ocean Builder’s CEO Grant Romnudt said in a statement.
Each pod has 833 square feet of living space, a master bedroom, living room, kitchen, bathroom and spare space. “We are trying to keep its price as close as possible to a common U. S. family home for the smallest pod with the choice to add features such as air conditioning and advanced kitchen, etc.” the company’s website says.
Orders for the first samples (样品) of customer pods will be placed in September. Boats and local water taxis will be used to send people to their SeaPods.Drones will deliver things such as food and medicine. A separate ship will collect larger deliveries, rubbish and wastes.
A “PodWatch Lifeguard Drone” will keep an eye on the water and send help if the need arises. This can be used either through a wristband with an SOS button that when pushed, a surface drone will appear and give you something to catch, or an AI camera watching the area.
These SeaPods aren’t just for looks. They also have the power to build new developing underwater ecosystems. SeaPods add shade, which would eventually attract sea life like fish,” Ocean Builders says.
“Every SeaPod that goes in the water gets us one step closer to recovering a sea ecosystem,” their website says.
99．How will the necessities be delivered to the living pods (不多于4个单词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
100．Where will the SeaPods be put primarily (不多于6个单词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
101．When will the first samples of customer pods be ordered (不多于 5个单词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
102．What will be used to send people to their SeaPods (不多于7个单词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
103．What power do the SeaPods have according to Ocean Builders (不多于12个单词)
_____________________________________________________________________________
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“Where are you going to college ” “I’m going to my local community college.” My answer seemed to be the magic phrase that would wipe the smile right off many people’s faces. It’s clear that people have a lot of misconceptions (误解) about community colleges.
Many people think community colleges are only for people who couldn’t get into a four-year school. But it is not true. In high school, I always got A’s. But when it came to applying to colleges, I had no idea what I wanted to major in and couldn’t justify spending thousands of dollars at a 4-year school until I knew what I wanted to do. My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college.
Some people will ask, “Since the community college is cheaper, will you get a good education ” I found that nearly all of my professors taught the same courses at 4-year colleges. My professors were knowledgeable and experienced, and I found many of the courses challenging.
Some people think if I attend the community college, I will miss out on the “college experience”. I must admit that this is something I worried about a great deal the summer before college. But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings.
I took a lot of different courses. I had an amazing professor who suggested I take her journalism class. Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it, but since she was so enthusiastic, I eventually decided to have a try. That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist.
I look forward to graduating this May to pursue a career in broadcast munity colleges may not be for everyone, but for me it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become.
104．What was the author’s parents’ attitude towards his/her decision about attending the community college (no more than 5 words)
105．What does the underlined part “miss out on” in Paragraph 4 mean (1 word)
106．How did the author make friends at community college (no more than 12 words)
107．Why daren’t the author take the journalism class at first (no more than 12 words)
108．In your opinion, what kind of effect does attending the community college have on the author (no more than 15 words)
参考答案：
1．promote 2．shifted/changed 3．flexible/ switched 4．cheaper 5．Ways/ Means 6．achieve/ realize 7．Based/Depending 8．organize 9．leading 10．matches
11．Phenomenon 12．edge/advantage 13．judged/evaluated/measured 14．productivity 15．paid/covered/afforded 16．tendency 17．use/help 18．Benefits 19．face-to-face 20．understand
21．differently 22．better 23．motion and direction 24．warmer colors 25．higher frequencies 26．yelling/shouting 27．brains 28．focused/attentive 29．threat and confrontation 30．nervous or anxious
31．introduction 32．basic 33．working 34．economic 35．homelessness 36．afford 37．rough 38．education/schooling 39．confident 40．harmful
41．list 42．your time 43．for study 44．less work later 45．your notes
1.informative resources
2.do school work
3.is interested in
4.specific school activities
5.enabling a teenager/enabling one
6.without an account
7.Art sites
8.Upload art pieces
9.Enjoy art projects
10.well-rounded and informed
56．cause 57．depend/rely/count 58．watch 59．discussion 60．rules 61．Encourage 62．Teach 63．behavior 64．strangers 65．unwilling
66．Meaning/Definition/Conception 67．Benefits 68．ability 69．Increase/Improve 70．dependent 71．written 72．filled 73．certainty 74．leveling 75．firmly
76．B 77．C 78．D 79．A 80．was not included 81．prevented from the praise 82．much more unstable 83．easily give in 84．was supported 85．becoming known to people
86．musts 87．Present/Current 88．recognized 89．Opinions/Views/Ideas/Beliefs 90．hardworking 91．criticisms 92．ability 93．predict 94．experience 95．based
96．It can help people find something unknown and create original designs. 97．Rock and animals. 98．It should be based on both reality and imagination.
99．By drones. 100．In warm, wet places. 101．In September. 102．Boats and local water taxis. 103．They have the power to build new developing underwater ecosystems.
104．They supported his/her decision. 105．Lack. 106．By joining clubs and attending student government meetings. 107．Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper. 108．Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become.
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专练07 任务型阅读- 高二英语下学期期末题型专项训练（外研版2019）
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Electronic marketing is a form of product promotion and customer relation establishment conducted with the use of electronic media. With the development of technology, a new era in marketing has been created. Marketers have been quick to jump on subsequent (后来的) technological developments from radio to the panies may market specially via electronic media or use a mixture of marketing media in order to reach a broad target audience. Marketing has a number of goals, including familiarizing people with companies and products, encouraging consumers to adopt specific products, and promoting a positive public opinion about a company, product, or service.
Electronic marketing is free to change its methods according to different circumstances. It allows companies to create targeted campaigns with broad reach. This form of marketing can also be very cost effective, making it possible for companies to reach lots of consumers at a small amount of the cost for other types of advertising.
In addition to media like television, radio, and the Internet, electronic marketers can use media such as phones for conveying advertisements. Talking ads mounted on bus stations and other public installations are another example. Electronic kiosks in locations like malls can also be used for marketing purposes. Marketers can create video brochures, insert ads in front of feature films, and find a number of other ways to reach the audience via electronic means.
Internet marketing in particular is rich ground for marketers. This form of electronic marketing can be generic (通用的), as in the case of banner ads placed on websites. It can also be remarkably specific, tailored to Internet use habits with the goal of reaching out to specific consumers. Marketers can serve different kinds of ads customize email marketing campaigns, and use other techniques to reach potential consumers on the Internet.
Some advertising firms specialize in electronic marketing services. They can help their customers organize effective campaigns and may also be involved in the carrying out of marketing campaigns. These firms keep up with the latest trends in marketing so that they can stay ahead with advertisements that will appeal and attract.
Companies must use electronic marketing with care. Some consumers may find such marketing upsetting, forcing companies to find creative ways to advertise that will arouse their interest instead of irritating them. It is also necessary to think about how advertising fits in with a company image and the ideals that a company wants to project. A company that prides itself on discretion(谨慎), for example, would probably not want to deliver an interruptive email marketing campaign based on browsing habits.
Passage Outline Supporting details
Introduction ◆Electronic marketing is to 1 products and establish customer relations by using electronic media. ◆As technology develops, marketers have 2 their focus of technological developments from radio to the Internet.
Features of electronic marketing ◆Electronic marketing is 3 and it allows companies to make targeted campaigns in a wide range. ◆It is 4 to use electronic marketing than to use other types of advertising.
5 of electronic marketing ◆Many kinds of advertisements can be used to help marketers 6 marketing purposes. ◆ 7 on specific Internet use habits, marketers can reach specific potential consumers on the Internet.
◆Some advertising firms can help customers 8 and carry out marketing campaigns. ◆These firms follow the latest trends in marketing so that they can take a 9 position in the industry.
Conclusions ◆Some consumers may prefer creative ways of advertising that won't irritate them. ◆It is also necessary to consider how advertising 10 the image of a company and its ideals.
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相对应的题号的横线上。
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
“ It’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance ” Beyond a certain level, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.
But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently applauded the "996” model, where employees work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week, as a huge blessing”. However, to modem office workers presenteeism is a curse.
There will be days when you do not have much to do, just waiting for someone else to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more important, they can see you, So you make an effort to look busy.
If bosses do not like to go home before their underlings （下属）and underlings fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees’ performance, use time in the office as a measurement.
But presenteeism has more serious consequences. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. To take one example, research found that Japanese employees with lower-back pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain. As a result, those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. What could be more discouraging than being in pain while feeling trapped at work
“None of this is to say that employers are not entitled to expect workers to be in the office for a small amount of time. Unavoidably there will be a need for some (preferably short )meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face develops friendships, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their common needs.
With portable smartphones and laptops, we can work at home as easily as in the office. Turning an office into a prison does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automatic. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
Fighting the curse of presenteeism
11 Modem office workers stay chained to their desk for long periods.
Contributing factors The staff think it may give them a（n） 12 to get a pay rise, or a promotion. Employees’ performance is 13 in terms of working hours.
Consequences Employees work less 14 , some pretending to be busy. More medical expenses have to be 15 by employers for their staff Workers have a 16 to be both physically and mentally unhealthy. It is of no 17 to the development of creativity. .
18 of face-to-face contact It develops friendships. It makes a useful exchange of ideas 19 . It enables workers to 20 each other’s needs.
Conclusion To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.
At a primary school Manning, Carolina, second-grade teacher David Chadwell believed that segregating(隔离) elementary-age boys and girls produces immediate academic improvement—in both genders. “Although this is a tendency, we can teach boys and girls based on what we now know.”
“They see differently. Literally,” he begins. Male and female eyes are not organized in the same way, he explains. The composition of the male eye makes it attuned(协调) to motion and direction. “Boys interpret the world as objects moving through space,” he says. “The teacher should move around the room constantly and be that object.”
The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors like silver, blue, black, grey, and brown. It’s no accident boys tend to create pictures of moving objects like spaceships, cars, and trucks in dark colors instead of drawing the happy colorful family, like girls in their class.
The female eye, on the other hand, is drawn to textures and colors. It’s also oriented toward warmer colors—reds, yellows, oranges—and visuals with more details, like faces. To engage girls, Chadwell says, the teacher doesn’t need to move as much, if at all. Girls work well in circles, facing each other. Using descriptive phrases and lots of color in overhead presentations or on the chalkboard gets their attention.
Boys and girls also hear differently. “When someone speaks in a loud tone, girls interpret it as yelling,” Chadwell says. “They think you’re mad and can shut down.” Girls have a more finely tuned aural structure；they can hear higher frequencies than boys and are more sensitive to sounds. He advises girls’ teachers to watch the tone of their voices. Boys’ teachers should sound matter of fact, even excited.
A boy’s autonomic nervous system causes them to be more alert when they’re standing, moving,and the room temperature is around 69 degrees. Stress in boys, he says, tends to increase blood flow to their brains, a process that helps them stay focused. This won’t work for girls, who are more focused seated in a warmer room around 75 degrees. Girls also respond to stress differently. When they are exposed to threat and confrontation, blood goes to their guts(内脏), leaving them feeling nervous or anxious.
“Boys will rise to a risk and tend to overestimate their abilities,” he says. “Teachers can help them by getting them to be more realistic about results. Girls at this age shy away from risk, which is exactly why lots of girls’ programs began in the private sector. Teachers can help them learn to take risks in an atmosphere where they feel confident about doing so.”
Title： Primary students learn 21
David’s belief ,Once we segregate elementary-age students, they will have the tendency to learn 22 . Differences between boys and girls, Sight ,Boys’ eyes are sensitive to 23 and are drawn to cooler colors.
It is textures and 24 of objects that attract girls. Hearing ,Comparatively speaking, girls can hear 25 and are more sensitive to sounds. They would interpret a loud tone as 26 .Nervous system, Stress in boys tends to increase blood flow to their 27 , which helps them keep 28 . Boys often overestimate their abilities and are brave in face of the risk.
When girls are exposed to 29 , blood goes to their guts, leaving them feeling 30 . Girls at this age in many cases will shyly avoid dealing with risk.
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The condition characterized by lack of basic human needs as a result of the inability to afford them is called absolute poverty (绝对贫困). The “needs” in this case range from drinking water and shelter to basic health care and education. Being different from absolute poverty, relative (相对的) poverty refers to people who have limited access to resources (资源) compared with others in society.
The most obvious effects of poverty include health problems, homelessness and a lack of education. A couple of these effects, like health problems and a lack of education, can also worsen conditions.
A person living in poverty can’t afford daily bread at times, let alone think about health-related spending. In the same way, a person who isn’t in the best of health will find it difficult to work and earn his daily bread. Thus, poverty and poor health form a vicious circle (恶性循环).
Poor health due to poor economic conditions is not limited to physical disorders alone. Poor people are more likely to suffer from diseases, which can push them into severer poverty, including a range of mental illnesses which hinder (妨碍) a person’s ability to work.
Most people below the poverty line can’t afford proper habitation, and thus, have no choice, but to “sleep rough”. More than 100 million people are homeless in the world today, with some sources suggesting that the number is far greater than 300 million.
While children living in absolute poverty can’t afford basic education, those in relative poverty are forced to drop out halfway due to their lack of ability to pay fees for further education or as a result of having to take family responsibilities (责任). The relationship between poverty and education also works the other way round, with lack of education being one of the most important causes of poverty in the world.
The effects of poverty on a child’s development are seen in the classroom, most often in the form of low self-respect. Children from well-to-do families dress better which can bring about a feeling of inferiority (自卑) in children living in poverty. Poverty leads to social differences, causing poor children to get away from the learning environments and exhibit behavior that is against society, thus making poverty one of the most serious social problems we are facing today.
Poverty
General 31 to poverty ●When one is unable to afford the 32 human needs, he is in absolute poverty.●When one has fewer resources than others, he is in relative poverty.
The effect of poverty on health ●Poverty can lead to bad health which, in turn, prevents the poor from 33 to support their lives. This is a vicious circle.●Poor health due to poor 34 conditions includes physical and mental health problems.
The effect of poverty on 35 ●The poor can’t 36 proper habitation, and thus have to sleep 37 .●The data suggests there might be more than 300 million people who are homeless in the world.
The effect of poverty on education ●Due to poverty, children can’t enjoy the rights of 38 .●Children from poor families don’t feel 39 , which affects their development. ●Children living in poverty tend to do something 40 to society.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用英语在表格空白处填入适当信息。每空不超过5个单词。
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. However, anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. The tips are as follows.
1. Plan your time carefully. When making a plan for a week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list. you should make a schedule of your tine. First plan your time for eating, sleeping. dressing, etc. and then decide a good, regular time for study. It will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
2. Find a good place for study. Look around the house for a good study area, which may be a desk or a corner of your room, and stay away from everything but study materials. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen carefully to what the teachers say. Careful listening in class means less work later.
4. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important points that your teachers mention in class. If you read the new materials. you can understand your teachers better next day, and you will be active in class.
These general methods might help you with your study.
General methods Dos Advantages
Plan your time carefully. Make a 41 of things that you have to do. Force you to realize what is happening to 42 .
Make a schedule.
Find a good place 43 . Stay away from everything but study materials. Concentrate on the subject.
Make good use of your time in class. Listen carefully to the teachers. Careful listening in class means 44 .
Study regularly. Go over 45 . Help you understand teachers better and be active in class.
Read new materials.
A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many informative resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one’s life easier.
Educational websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a college. Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework. Some can help find the right schools based on one’s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each of the colleges or the specific activities that occur at a certain school.
Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, cock, jazz, and country. One can type in a song, category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account (账户) with the site.
There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites, a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different mediums or create an account with the website to upload them art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art projects that people have created on display for the rest of the world.
Truly informative resources are offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational, music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informed.
Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers
Many 46 are available an various websites.
I. Educational sites: helping one 47 and search for a college
● Study for tests, explain a lesson, and do homework
● Find the right school that one 48
● Learn information about college school life and 49
II. Free music sites: 50 to diversify musical tastes
● Listen to all types of music
● Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog
● Make multiple playlists 51
III. 52 : helping one appreciate and create works
● View photos and works from mediums
● 53 for others to see
● 54 on display
Helpful websites can make teenagers 55
Kids who are old enough to surf the Internet can get to know the world. But it can also bring problems. For example, some of the websites are not proper for kids, which can lead to kid’s growth problems. That’s why it’s important to know what your kids see and hear on the Internet.
When it comes to safety problems, it’s wise to take advantage of online protection tools. They will control your kids’ seeing and using adult material. Many Internet service-providers (ISPs) provide parent-control choices to prevent certain material from coming into a computer. You can also get software (软件) that keeps your child from certain sites based on a “bad site” list that your ISP creates. Besides, keep the computer in a common area, not in their own bedrooms, where you can keep a close eye on their activities.
Discuss the dangers of talking with strangers online and remind your kids that people online don’t always tell the truth. Tell your kids never to give strangers their personal information, such as the address, phone number, school name or location. Tell them never to exchange photos with strangers in the chat rooms online, which will put the families at risk. Tell them never to agree to meet anyone from a chat room in person. Tell them never to reply to a dangerous email, message, post or text. Give your kids some encouragement to let them tell you about any communication or conversation that is dangerous. Nothing can make sure that they’ll be kept away from 100% of the risks on the Internet. So it’s important for you to spend time online together to teach your kids proper online behavior and educate them about online risks so they can surf the Internet safely. Taking an active part in your kids’ Internet activities will help ensure that they benefit from the wealth of valuable information it offers.
If your child spend long hours online, especially at night, with people you don’t know, you should take notice of your kids behavior. If your child suddenly turns off the computer when you walk into the room, ask why. Unwillingness to discuss online activities is another sign to watch for.
Internet Safety
A reason for Internet safety Some improper websites can 56 children’s growth problems.
Ways to help kids You can 57 on some online protection tools to prevent bad adult material. You can 58 your children’s activities by putting the computer in a public place at home. Have a 59 with your kids about the dangers of talking with strangers online. Set 60 for your kids to follow while they’re surfing the Internet. 61 your kids to share dangerous online conversation with you. 62 your children how to surf the Internet by spending time online together with them.
Kids’ 63 you should watch for Your kids chat with 64 for long hours online at night. Your kids turn off the computer when you walk into the room. Your kids are 65 to discuss online activities with you.
阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填人最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
A debate is a discussion about a subject on which people have different views. It’s a nice way of gaining a lot of knowledge and views on a topic, or situation that we aren’t either aware of, or haven’t really looked into in detail. It makes you more able to think critically and more confident in speaking. In addition, it helps in appreciating tolerance of others’ opinion and improves your listening skills.
A debate requires one to know how to use words and intelligence to overcome his or her opposing team members. To give great arguments during a debate, first you need to get your facts right. To make what you have in material for a debate contain facts, don’t just depend on the Internet, especially avoid just referring to one website for all your information. You are also required to refer to books, and make sure they’re authors of a high degree, since their materials have reference notes and extensive research projects done on what they are covering.
Second, you should be full of confidence. You need to show that you’re sure of what you’re saying , and point out how flawed their comeback arguments were. The only way to do this is to thoroughly know your material before heading on out to a debate session. Know your statistics, know your history and above all know names, dates and places. Make key notes to refer to. Don’t stammer (口吃), and also don’t level your gaze with your opponent or the rest of them. All this will help you keep confident.
At last, by no means should you lose your calmness, but keep your voice firm and raised enough to sound calm. A good team member should know how to keep his emotions in control as well as keep others under control in his/ her team.
Title Debate
66 A discussion about a subject on which people have different views.
67 ◇Help understand a topic or situation more deeply. ◇Improve your 68 to think critically. ◇ 69 your confidence in speaking. ◇Help appreciate tolerance of others’ opinion. ◇Make you better at speaking.
Tips Get your facts right ◇Don’t just be 70 on the Internet for your information. ◇Refer to books 71 by those with a high degree.
Be 72 with confidence. ◇Show your 73 of what you’re saying. ◇Point out the flaw of others’ comeback arguments. ◇Thoroughly know your material before attending a debate. ◇Make key notes to refer to. ◇Avoid stammering and 74 your gaze with your opponent
Keep cool ◇Speak 75 and loudly enough to sound calm. ◇Control your emotions.
Choose the best answer and paraphrase the underlined words in the passage
Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasn’t much–a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA．The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.
Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “she should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden, “if her photo hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholar doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at king’s college in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was to produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that "Franklins was only two steps away from the solution."
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA．She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
76．What is the text mainly about
A．The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B．The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C．The process of discovering DNA．
D．The race between two teams of scientists.
77．Watson was angry with Franklin because she _____.
A．took the lead in the competition
B．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrong
D．shared her data with other scientists
78．Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”
A．She developed pictures in dark labs.
B．She discovered the black X—the shape of DNA．
C．Her name was forgotten after her death.
D．Her contribution was unknown to the public.
79．What is the writer's attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick
A．Disapproving
B．Respectful
C．Admiring
D．Doubtful
80．was left out________
81．robbed of credit ________
82．a lot rockier________
83．easily bend________
84．was backed up________
85．coming into the light________
“The gaokao, China’s national college entrance exam, is winning more recognition as a way for universities overseas to evaluate Chinese students,” recruiting officers said.
Stanley Nel, vice-president of international relations at the University of San Francisco in the United States, who is responsible for the university’s admissions from China, said he had had several inquiries from US universities about how to recruit Chinese students on the basis of their gaokao scores.
The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) have long been two musts for students from other counties, including China, to apply to study in the US.
USF, a private university in California, started a pilot program to accept Chinese students based on their gaokao scores in 2015. The idea came from USF President Paul Fitzgerald's belief that standardized tests like the SAT are not very good predictors of how well students will do at the university. "We are aware of the many criticisms that have been made of the gaokao, but it has the advantage of being what educational experts call a ' criterion - referenced ' exam: It tests whether students are able to master a given body of knowledge,"he said.
Currently, at least four higher education institutions in the US are recruiting Chinese students based on their gaokao performances.The Illinois Institute of Technology, a private institution in Chicago, started the practice first, in 2009.Outside the US,countries including Spain,Italy,Singapore,France and Australia also recognize gaokao scores.
More than 200 students from China requested an interview with USF last year.74 of them were selected for a follow-up interview,44 received offers and 20 accepted the invitation and joined USF for the 2015 fall semester. Students admitted in this way have done "exceptionally well" in the past academic year,Nel added."The average GPA for all gaokao students is about 3.5 out of 4.For all other students—American and non-gaokao international students—American and non-gaokao international students—the average GPA is 3.2,"he said.
Zhu Zihao gained admission in computer sciences at USF in 2015 through the program and performed well in his first academic year.He said that students who had experienced China's gaokao usually had comprehensive basic knowledge,which helps them excel in studies.
Nel said,"students admitted through China's gaokao are not only smart but extremely conscientious（认真的）and hardworking."
"This year we hope to recruit about 50 students in this way,and even more in years to come,"he said.
The gaokao
Past situation Universities in the US evaluated Chinese students according to two 86 : The Test of English as a Foreign Language and the Scholastic Aptitude Test.
87 situation The gaokao is increasingly 88 as a way of evaluating Chinese students by universities abroad.
89 of the people concerned Stanley Nel—the person responsible for the university’s admissions from China ●Chinese students having received good scores in the gaokao performed academically well when studying in America. ●Chinese students admitted through China’ gaokao are smart, conscientious and 90 .
Paul Fitzgerald—USF President ●Despite the 91 the gaokao has received, it has its advantages. It tests students’ 92 to master a given body of knowledge. ●Some standardized tests cannot 93 students’ performance at the university well.
Zhu Zihao—a student admitted to USF in 2015 The 94 of the gaokao is helpful for the performance at the university well.
Future situation More Chinese students will be recruited by the universities overseas 95 on their performance in the gaokao.
Many great designers take their inspiration from nature. Here are 3 great techniques for creating original, beautiful, nature-inspired design.
1. Explore Different Perspectives (视角)
When viewing nature from unusual or different perspectives, designers can produce more original and visually interesting results.
Viewing nature in this way can help us focus on aspects we might have missed. Instead of looking at the trees, pay attention to a small area of grass, a flower bed or even an unusual rock by the sidewalk. While trees would be the main focus in a photo taken at a regular height, they become part of the background with this fresh new perspective.
2. Stop Studying Plants
Green is beautiful, but nature offers so much more. Stop looking at trees, flowers and other plants for a moment, and turn to natural things that have nothing to do with plant life.
Too many designers focus on leaves of some kind. Considering other parts of nature is a great way to come up with original yet still nature-inspired designs. For example, how rock came into being can be amazing, and animal features can also be inspiring. Just put down that leaf.
3. Use Your Imagination
Think of a natural environment you’ve never visited before, and then use your imagination as an indirect route to create a design based on that place. Researching new scenery can lead to inspiration.
For example, if you have never been to the Sahara Desert, it could be the blank (空白的) field you’re looking for. We know it’s a hot desert and has distinguished scenery. We can use this knowledge and fill the blank to create an original design.
96．Why does the author recommend exploring nature in different perspectives
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97．What can be studied besides plants according to the text
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98．What can we learn about creating a design from the last technique
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阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
Imagine a world where people live in modern homes nearly seven and a half feet above the sea. Rows of “new living pods” with the most advanced technology and drones (无人机) to deliver necessities will hit the market this year.
Ocean Builders, a Panama-based company that specializes in creative sea technology, showed what they describe as the “world’s first homes that are good for the ecosystem (生态系统)”. One of its three home models that are currently in production-the EcoPod, is designed to be a more affordable choice that features a rain collecting roof, huge windows and a smaller floor plan. It’s also built to be placed in a box to ship wherever a customer wants to set it up. The company’s long-term goal is to make environmentally friendly homes made from as many natural materials as possible. Some pods are under building now on the north coast of Panama in the Linton Bay Marina. SeaPods will be put primarily in warm, wet places.
“We are planting the SeaPod seed here in Panama, but our final goal is to have SeaPod homes in every corner of the ocean, all around the world, ” Ocean Builder’s CEO Grant Romnudt said in a statement.
Each pod has 833 square feet of living space, a master bedroom, living room, kitchen, bathroom and spare space. “We are trying to keep its price as close as possible to a common U. S. family home for the smallest pod with the choice to add features such as air conditioning and advanced kitchen, etc.” the company’s website says.
Orders for the first samples (样品) of customer pods will be placed in September. Boats and local water taxis will be used to send people to their SeaPods.Drones will deliver things such as food and medicine. A separate ship will collect larger deliveries, rubbish and wastes.
A “PodWatch Lifeguard Drone” will keep an eye on the water and send help if the need arises. This can be used either through a wristband with an SOS button that when pushed, a surface drone will appear and give you something to catch, or an AI camera watching the area.
These SeaPods aren’t just for looks. They also have the power to build new developing underwater ecosystems. SeaPods add shade, which would eventually attract sea life like fish,” Ocean Builders says.
“Every SeaPod that goes in the water gets us one step closer to recovering a sea ecosystem,” their website says.
99．How will the necessities be delivered to the living pods (不多于4个单词)
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100．Where will the SeaPods be put primarily (不多于6个单词)
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101．When will the first samples of customer pods be ordered (不多于 5个单词)
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102．What will be used to send people to their SeaPods (不多于7个单词)
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103．What power do the SeaPods have according to Ocean Builders (不多于12个单词)
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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
“Where are you going to college ” “I’m going to my local community college.” My answer seemed to be the magic phrase that would wipe the smile right off many people’s faces. It’s clear that people have a lot of misconceptions (误解) about community colleges.
Many people think community colleges are only for people who couldn’t get into a four-year school. But it is not true. In high school, I always got A’s. But when it came to applying to colleges, I had no idea what I wanted to major in and couldn’t justify spending thousands of dollars at a 4-year school until I knew what I wanted to do. My parents were very supportive of my decision to attend the community college.
Some people will ask, “Since the community college is cheaper, will you get a good education ” I found that nearly all of my professors taught the same courses at 4-year colleges. My professors were knowledgeable and experienced, and I found many of the courses challenging.
Some people think if I attend the community college, I will miss out on the “college experience”. I must admit that this is something I worried about a great deal the summer before college. But I soon learned that the community college, just like any other college, is what you make of it. I strived to make the most of my time at the community college. I also made tons of friends by joining clubs and attending student government meetings.
I took a lot of different courses. I had an amazing professor who suggested I take her journalism class. Never having written for my high school newspapers, I dared not take it, but since she was so enthusiastic, I eventually decided to have a try. That one course was all it took for me to realize that I wanted to become a journalist.
I look forward to graduating this May to pursue a career in broadcast munity colleges may not be for everyone, but for me it is a life-changing experience that has helped me discover who I am and the person I hope to become.
104．What was the author’s parents’ attitude towards his/her decision about attending the community college (no more than 5 words)
105．What does the underlined part “miss out on” in Paragraph 4 mean (1 word)
106．How did the author make friends at community college (no more than 12 words)
107．Why daren’t the author take the journalism class at first (no more than 12 words)
108．In your opinion, what kind of effect does attending the community college have on the author (no more than 15 words)
参考答案：
1．promote 2．shifted/changed 3．flexible/ switched 4．cheaper 5．Ways/ Means 6．achieve/ realize 7．Based/Depending 8．organize 9．leading 10．matches
11．Phenomenon 12．edge/advantage 13．judged/evaluated/measured 14．productivity 15．paid/covered/afforded 16．tendency 17．use/help 18．Benefits 19．face-to-face 20．understand
21．differently 22．better 23．motion and direction 24．warmer colors 25．higher frequencies 26．yelling/shouting 27．brains 28．focused/attentive 29．threat and confrontation 30．nervous or anxious
31．introduction 32．basic 33．working 34．economic 35．homelessness 36．afford 37．rough 38．education/schooling 39．confident 40．harmful
41．list 42．your time 43．for study 44．less work later 45．your notes
1.informative resources
2.do school work
3.is interested in
4.specific school activities
5.enabling a teenager/enabling one
6.without an account
7.Art sites
8.Upload art pieces
9.Enjoy art projects
10.well-rounded and informed
56．cause 57．depend/rely/count 58．watch 59．discussion 60．rules 61．Encourage 62．Teach 63．behavior 64．strangers 65．unwilling
66．Meaning/Definition/Conception 67．Benefits 68．ability 69．Increase/Improve 70．dependent 71．written 72．filled 73．certainty 74．leveling 75．firmly
76．B 77．C 78．D 79．A 80．was not included 81．prevented from the praise 82．much more unstable 83．easily give in 84．was supported 85．becoming known to people
86．musts 87．Present/Current 88．recognized 89．Opinions/Views/Ideas/Beliefs 90．hardworking 91．criticisms 92．ability 93．predict 94．experience 95．based
96．It can help people find something unknown and create original designs. 97．Rock and animals. 98．It should be based on both reality and imagination.
99．By drones. 100．In warm, wet places. 101．In September. 102．Boats and local water taxis. 103．They have the power to build new developing underwater ecosystems.
104．They supported his/her decision. 105．Lack. 106．By joining clubs and attending student government meetings. 107．Because the author never wrote for his or her high school newspaper. 108．Attending the community college helps the author discover who he/she is and will become.
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