专练14 选词填空- 高一英语下学期期末题型专项训练 含答案（外研版2019）
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| 名称 | 专练14 选词填空- 高一英语下学期期末题型专项训练 含答案（外研版2019） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-06-19 20:25:48 | ||
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专练14 选词填空- 高一英语下学期期末题型专项训练（外研版2019）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．disturbing B．resources C． altered D．effective E. recorded F. permanently G. specially H. machines I. signified J. accurately K. impossible
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound “very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,” says conservation biologist Marc Travers. He should know, as his team from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Project 1 thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how frequently birds are killed by power lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011.
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a company that assists conservation efforts with AI 2 . Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen” to the recordings and count the sounds that 3 bird electrocutions(电击). The result was 4 , as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands. Armed with proof that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility (公共事业) service to reduce bird deaths.
In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered 5 take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it. But in reality, programs that use AI to sort through mountains of data might just save some species from disappearing 6 .
By many measures, humans have been poor managers of the planet. Humans have 7 as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of monitored animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in biodiversity around the world has created a hopeless situation. Conservation efforts lack key resources they need to be 8 .
Fortunately, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and 9 sort through large amounts of data created by observations in the field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most effective ways to focus conservation efforts.
In large national parks and wildlife reserves, illegal hunters are a danger for animals both big and small. Some animals are worth a lot of money on the black market. Park rangers are left with a(n) 10 task because there is too much land to cover. But the PAWS program allows rangers to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the existence of trap lines in areas not yet checked by rangers!
We still face many challenges to change the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool.
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，从所给的A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。
A．figures B．humanistic C． subjective D．representative E. divided F. realistic
Western painting can be mainly 11 into four periods---the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Impressionism and Modern Art. Artists during the Middle Age period showed greater interest in religious 12 to teach people about Christianity, and their works were often primitive and two-dimensional. Later, because of the use of perspective and the oil paint, the paintings in Renaissance period looked more 13 . Some even looked like photographs. Many great painters and their masterpieces appeared during this period. Unlike the artists in Renaissance, the paintings of Impressionists conveyed the artists’ 14 impressions the scenes gave them but not just detailed records of the scenes themselves. After that came Modern Art, Picasso was a 15 of this period. Some of his paintings may look too abstract to understand!
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A purchased B．positive C． regarding D．open-minded E. preferences F. strongly G. informed H. feelings I. generously J. exception K. commanding
Music has been playing a significant role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no 16 . Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, MP3 players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.
The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past - when music was 17 in forms of audiotape or CD, it was much easier for parents to know about a teen’s musical 18 . But now that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the Internet, parents are less likely to be 19 of what their teens are listening to.
It’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years-ago people used to be 20 against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more 21 with many strange forms of art.
As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can make a(n) 22 influence on teens. It’s important to take an active approach when talking with your teens 23 their musical interests. Always be curious and inquire about what your teens look for in music and what 24 can be gained in certain songs. But make sure that you are not speaking in a 25 tone, or they would rather keep the answers to themselves.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．affordable B．consumption C． displaying D．driver E. physically F. fail G. legally H. acknowledged I. replacing J. superior K. skip
If you were to buy the Complete Works of Primo Levi on Amazon, the price is $58.40. If, however, you preferred to download it to your e-reader, you would need to pay $59.49. It would cost you one dollar more not to 26 own the books. This brings the question into the spotlight: Why are we increasingly paying more money to not have the thing we buy Amazon 27 receipt of but didn’t respond to such a request for moment. But we can discuss why.
For one thing, we’ve reached a point at which it’s the digital version that won’t 28 us. The hard copy used to be reliable, but that isn’t true anymore. In fact, the digital copy is more durable than the hard one, as anyone who has scratched a CD would likely agree. For another, we’ve come to see the digital version as 29 in some ways. It’s noted that we’ll pay for things so that we’ll be able to quickly consume a product, or 30 to the place in a book where a character first appears.
It’s true that the digital is becoming an accepted part of the way we live now. But not everyone can jump on the bandwagon(跟风), since not everyone can access that version in the first place. This suggests a third 31 behind the trend: some people are paying more because performance and participation matter more in the new economy. That is, people are always paying more to be part of the new cool club, and today the cool club is digital.
Whether or not it is indeed fashionable to own the digital version, the reality remains that if the most accessible version of culture is the least 32 , then not everyone gets to download culture. Besides, customers get fewer rights in a digital copy as the law won’t let them loan or resell their digital book or CD．That means we’re paying more to be 33 able to do less. Or, we buy it, but we don’t hold it.
This is the way we pay to own now and may be for the foreseeable future. That doesn’t mean we’ve become any less fascinated by 34 . As Wilks said, possession is fundamentally human, and while we may change the concept of what and how we possess, we’ll still be possessed by possessions. In other words, we still own things. We may no longer show how well-read we are by 35 hardcover Primo Levi on our bookshelves, but we can bring his work with us everywhere, without lugging around those heavy books.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
In a society, such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people 36 value individualism--the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the 37 that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work 38 and find answers by themselves.There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asia societies, on the contrary, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient 39 society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching 40 are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that have memorized.
There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these 41 of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it 42 students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an 43 learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values 44 ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven’t 45 as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．accessible B．briefly C． constructed D．home E. remains F. replacing G. restored H. rulers I. significantly J. survived K. violent
Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the most famous of all castles in England. The grand castle is still a(n) 46 of the British royal family, and is the largest and oldest residential castle in the world. It has been the site of a royal house for almost 1,000 years, since the time of William the Conqueror.
King Henry II 47 the first stone building on the site of Windsor Castle in the 1170s. King Edward III, who was born in the castle, pulled down most of Henry’s buildings in the 1350s, 48 them with a new “round castle” in the center of the site. Edward’s central keep (城堡主楼) has 49 to this day, though with major changes.
St. George’s Chapel is the main church on the site. It was begun during the reign (统治) of King Edward IV and was completed by King Henry VIII, who was buried there along with nine other British 50 .
The most 51 part in the history of Windsor Castle took place during the English Civil War, when Oliver Cromwell’s troops took over the castle from King Charles I and used it as a fortress and the headquarters. King Charles I was 52 imprisoned at Windsor Castle and it wasn’t long before he was killed and buried here in 1648.
Windsor Castle remains a primary residence of the royal family, but much of it is now 53 to the public. Sights on a Windsor Castle tour include the daily changing of the guard. The public rooms contain a large number of paintings, decorative ceiling designs and antique furniture. A fire in 1992 destroyed parts of the royal apartments, which are open to a Windsor Castle tour when the Queen is not in residence, but these have been painstakingly 54 . A Windsor Castle tour should include a walk through the Windsor Great Park, which is a beautifully designed garden in the 55 of a royal hunting forest.
Complete the passage using the correct form of the words and phrases below.
logical thinking comprehension skill reliable persuade critical thinking financial skill trend routine
I recently spoke to Ms Xue about the skills we will need in years to come and the future 56 for jobs and careers. According to Ms Xue, in the future a lot of 57 office and factory jobs will disappear. We need to have many skills which we can start developing now. One of the most important is 58 , which is the ability to analyse and evaluate information. 59 which is the ability to use our reason well, will be highly useful in the workplace, as it will help us use our knowledge 60 others. 61 will be highly valued and companies will always appreciate a 62 person who they can trust to do their job. Even outside the workplace, there are important skills we will need. For example, good 63 will benefit us greatly when we start earning money and have financial responsibilities.
根据段落语义, 从下面方框中选择恰当的单词并以正确的形式填入空格中。
attitude forgive concentrate debate determine economy lecture observe senior solution
I have many good teachers at 64 high school, among whom my favorite teacher is Miss Li, our English teacher. Her 65 are interesting and amazing, so I can always 66 in class. Sometimes she organizes 67 in which we are supposed to 68 problems like environmental pollution or 69 downfall, and then work out possible 70 . Her creative teaching stirs up our 71 to be active thinkers and hold a responsible 72 towards the world. While Miss Li is kind and enthusiastic, she is strict with us—cheating in exams will never be 73 !
A．value B．show C． strongest D．gains E. focuses F. key G. priority H. countries I. better J. competitive
PISA is a two-hour test that compares the performance of 15-year-olds. In the latest test, the countries with the best readers were South Korea and Finland. But students in Shanghai. China, scored the highest of all in reading, mathematics and science. The next 74 results were in Hong Kong. Singapore, Canada, New Zealand and Japan. In all, around half a million students in more than 70 75 took the test last year. The test has been given every three years since 2000. Last year was the first time Shanghai took part.
Mr. ANDREAS SCHLEICHER says “Asian countries 76 education more than other countries. They have given education a 77 . Every child, every teacher, every parent knows that education is the 78 to success.” He says other education systems can learn from Shanghai. For example, he says education spending in the province has increased, including teacher pay and training. And administrators are putting teachers into challenging classroom situations to make them 79 at their jobs. Education Secretary Arne Duncan says that the results 80 an urgent need for Americans to do more to remain 81 in the world economy. He points out that the United States has fallen from first to ninth place in college graduation rates because of 82 by other countries.
Mr Schloichor says international testing experts have investigated and confirmed（证实）the Shanghai scores. He says the PISA results are not representative of all of China. But he also says they dispute the common belief that Chinese education 83 on repetition and memorization.
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。
A．registration B．annoyed C． outgoing D．awkward E. quit F. suitable G. challenge H. freshman I. frightened J. attractive K. obviously
Johnson is a 84 at senior high school. He is not a(n) 85 person, so for him, going from junior high to senior high is a big 86 . In the 87 office, he felt 88 and didn’t know what to say. Later, he had to think very carefully about which courses were 89 for him to take. Also, he had to choose extra-curricular activities. He tried to join the school volleyball team, but the coach told him that he didn’t play well enough. He was, 90 , unhappy, but he won’t 91 . He decided to find a way to improve on his own so that he could make the team next year. Senior high school life seems more 92 than confusing, now he becomes more confident and is not 93 at all.
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.
(A)
A．approaching B．Central C． reverse D．adjusted E. conversation F. preferred G. ideal H. qualify I. secure J. engagement K. foretelling
It’s 6 a. m. and the alarm clock is ringing earlier than usual. It’s not a malfunction: the smart clock scanned your schedule and 94 because you’ve got that big presentation first thing in the morning. Your shower automatically turns on and warms to your 95 temperature. The electric car is ready to go, charged by the solar panels. When you get home later, there’s an unexpected package waiting, delivered by drone. You open it to find cold medicine. It turns out that health sensors in your bathroom detected signs of a(an) 96 illness and placed an order automatically.
That at least is the 97 version of the smart home that exists 10 years out. Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 million American homes will 98 as “smart” by 2022, with everything from Internet-connected light bulbs to cameras that let us spy on our pets from the office. But a decade from now, experts say, we’ll move from turning the lights on and off with our voices to total 99 in the Internet of Things (IoT). Thanks to advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest homes will be able to truly learn about their owners, eventually 100 their needs. Developments in robotics will give us machines that offer a helping hand with cleaning, cooking and more. New sensors will be closely watching our well-being. 101 to all of this will be the data that smart homes collect, analyze and act upon, helping to turn the houses of the future from a mere collection of devices and accessories into truly “smart” homes.
Of course, as our homes learn more about us, keeping them 102 will become all the more important. Every device that’s connected to the Internet is a potential target for hackers. Therefore, cybersecurity will become all the more vital.
A range of technological developments will drive smart-home technology well beyond what’s available on store shelves today. Innovations in artificial intelligence, for example, stand to 103 almost everything in our lives, including our homes. You might already be using some kind of AI-powered voice-assistant device to get the latest news or weather forecast every morning. But in the smart home of the future, those Al platforms could serve as the brain for entire homes, learning about residents and organizing and automating all of their various smart devices.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．targeted B．tendencies C． habitually D．variables E. links F. antibullying G. barely H. considerate I. elements J. coded K. backed
Military and sports opponents commonly consider a rival leader’s personality when weighing a competitive move, such as an attack. In business strategy, however, this element is 104 studied; firms assume that they should make strategic moves on the basis of competitive dynamics or microeconomic 105 .
New research looked for 106 between the personal manner of CEOs and the incidence of competitive attacks against their firms. Drawing on the theory that victims in general tend to be either submissive (屈从的) and unlikely to fight back or so provocative (挑衅的) that rivals strike preemptively(先发制人地) (think of schoolyard and barroom fights), the researchers 107 publicly available videos of 102 CEOs of Fortune 500 companies from 2010 to 2016, rating on a multi-dimension scale each leader on submissive and provocative 108 . Then using news articles, they identified which of the executives’ firms had come under pricing, product, marketing, or expansion attacks. They controlled for 109 including the CEOs’ media prominence and pay; their firms’ size and financial performance; industry complexity; and whether the CEO was also chairman. The analysis showed that firms with CEOs rated as highly submissive or provocative were indeed more likely to be 110 by their counterparts, with perceived submissiveness making them especially vulnerable (gender did not appear to make a significant difference).
Subsequent interviews with CEOs 111 those findings. For example, one leader described a rival CEO as so lazy and change-averse (逃避改变的) that his team focused on “picking off customers one by one.” Just as 112 initiatives take typical victim attributes into account training programs could use this work to help executives avoid drawing fire, the researchers say. “CEOs who are ‘too nice’ can be counseled to be 113 of this element,” they write, while “those with domineering styles... can be trained to manage this quality.”
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．urgent B．transformative C． presents D．grabbed E. declaration F. collective G. capacity H. worsening I. determined J. foundation K. responsibility
Save the WorldThe United Nations issued a report last week warning that humans are destroying nature at such a rate that life on Earth is at risk. When the report came out, it naturally 114 headlines. But obviously it did not hijack the news agenda in the manner of a major terrorist attack or 115 of war.
The report from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is clear on what’s at stake and what needs to change. IPBES chair Robert Watson says the “overwhelming evidence” 116 an “ ominous (凶兆的)picture”. “The health of ecosystems on which we and all other species depend is 117 more rapidly than ever,” Robert Watson said. “We are biting the very 118 of our economies, livelihoods, food security, health and quality of life worldwide.” The report says it’s not too late if we make “ 119 changes” ----fundamental, system-wide reorganization ----- at every level from local to global, we need to focus on how to make that happen.
First, don’t immerse yourself in despair, because despair leads to inertia (惰性) and doing nothing means certain disaster. Every action to save nature will improve our 120 and personal futures and the only action to respond to a threat of this scale is with 121 action rooted in optimism. Second, we need focus, just like when rescue teams arrive on a scene and use the concept of “triage(伤员鉴别分类)” to ensure the most 122 cases get treated first. Saving the natural world needs that kind of thinking. We don’t have the 123 to do everything at once. We need to make hard choices.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
fuel policy release restrict sustain trend
Carbon dioxide is 124 through human activities such as destroying forests and burning fossil 125 , as well as natural processes such as volcanic eruptions. The measurements by climate experts show a rising 126 of carbon dioxide emissions, If this continues, our planet will face further environmental disasters. In response to this environmental issue, China is implementing significant 127 and measures to address climate change, aiming to 128 coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature, build a 129 energy system, and advocate a moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyle.
Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there one word more than you need
I surveyed more than 30.000 people around the world. These people came from different cultures and were working in various industries. I asked them about how they relate to others: Do they prefer giving or taking I found that many of them were somewhere in the middle. They fell into a third group, who do something called"matching".
If you are a" matcher," you try to keep a balance between giving and taking: "quid pro quo"--I’ll do something for you if you do something for me. That seems like a safe way to live your life. However, is it the most 130 approach on a daily basis
131 the worst performers among those I surveyed- -regardless of their 132 or nationalities ---were the givers. The engineers who were the least productive did more favors than they received in return. They were always so busy doing other people’s job that they ran out of time and energy to get their own work done. In medical schools, the lowest grades went to students who said they “loved helping others.” In other words, the doctors you ought to trust are those who did the training with no 133 to help anybody
However, it turns out that there is a 134 here---thankfully. Although givers are often sacrificing themselves, they make contribution to their organization. There is a lot of evidence to support this. Research has looked at how often people give to their team or organization. The findings tells us that sharing knowledge and mentoring all boost the performance of the organization on every metric that can be 135 :profits, customers 136 , employee retention(员工存留率) and so on. Even the operating expenses 137 .
Givers spend a lot of time trying to help other people and improve their teams, it 138 seems they suffer along the way. Givers deserve more 139 . As to what it takes to build cultures where givers can get to succeed more often, it requires further research.
参考答案：
1．E 2．B 3．I 4．A 5．H 6．F 7．C 8．D 9．J 10．K
11．E 12．A 13．F 14．C 15．D
16．J 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．F 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．H 25．K
26．E 27．H 28．F 29．J 30．K 31．D 32．A 33．G 34．B 35．C
36．J 37．H 38．F 39．C 40．D 41．E 42．B 43．K 44．A 45．I
46．D 47．C 48．F 49．J 50．H 51．K 52．B 53．A 54．G 55．E
56．trends 57．routine 58．critical thinking 59．Logical thinking 60．to persuade 61．Comprehension skills 62．reliable 63．financial skills
64．senior 65．lectures 66．concentrate 67．debates 68．observe 69．economic 70．solutions 71．determination 72．attitude 73．forgiven
74．C 75．H 76．A 77．G 78．F 79．I 80．B 81．J 82．D 83．E
84．H 85．C 86．G 87．A 88．D 89．F 90．K 91．E 92．J 93．I
94．D 95．F 96．A 97．G 98．H 99．J 100．K 101．B 102．I 103．C
104．G 105．D 106．E 107．J
108．B
109．I 110．A 111．K 112．F 113．H
114．D 115．E 116．C 117．H 118．J 119．B 120．F 121．I 122．A 123．G
124．released 125．fuels 126．trend 127．policies 128．restrict 129．sustainable
130．I 131．A 132．H 133．F 134．E 135．B 136．J 137．C 138．G 139．K
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专练14 选词填空- 高一英语下学期期末题型专项训练（外研版2019）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．disturbing B．resources C． altered D．effective E. recorded F. permanently G. specially H. machines I. signified J. accurately K. impossible
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound “very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,” says conservation biologist Marc Travers. He should know, as his team from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Project 1 thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how frequently birds are killed by power lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011.
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a company that assists conservation efforts with AI 2 . Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen” to the recordings and count the sounds that 3 bird electrocutions(电击). The result was 4 , as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands. Armed with proof that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility (公共事业) service to reduce bird deaths.
In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered 5 take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it. But in reality, programs that use AI to sort through mountains of data might just save some species from disappearing 6 .
By many measures, humans have been poor managers of the planet. Humans have 7 as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of monitored animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in biodiversity around the world has created a hopeless situation. Conservation efforts lack key resources they need to be 8 .
Fortunately, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and 9 sort through large amounts of data created by observations in the field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most effective ways to focus conservation efforts.
In large national parks and wildlife reserves, illegal hunters are a danger for animals both big and small. Some animals are worth a lot of money on the black market. Park rangers are left with a(n) 10 task because there is too much land to cover. But the PAWS program allows rangers to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the existence of trap lines in areas not yet checked by rangers!
We still face many challenges to change the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool.
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，从所给的A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。
A．figures B．humanistic C． subjective D．representative E. divided F. realistic
Western painting can be mainly 11 into four periods---the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, Impressionism and Modern Art. Artists during the Middle Age period showed greater interest in religious 12 to teach people about Christianity, and their works were often primitive and two-dimensional. Later, because of the use of perspective and the oil paint, the paintings in Renaissance period looked more 13 . Some even looked like photographs. Many great painters and their masterpieces appeared during this period. Unlike the artists in Renaissance, the paintings of Impressionists conveyed the artists’ 14 impressions the scenes gave them but not just detailed records of the scenes themselves. After that came Modern Art, Picasso was a 15 of this period. Some of his paintings may look too abstract to understand!
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A purchased B．positive C． regarding D．open-minded E. preferences F. strongly G. informed H. feelings I. generously J. exception K. commanding
Music has been playing a significant role in the lives of teenagers for decades and today’s teens are no 16 . Teens listen to over 2.5 hours of music per day. Earbuds, MP3 players, and smartphones make it easy for teens to listen to music while they go about much of their daily lives.
The digital world also means that parents must face new challenges when it comes to a teen’s music. In the past - when music was 17 in forms of audiotape or CD, it was much easier for parents to know about a teen’s musical 18 . But now that teens have free access to millions of songs and music videos through the Internet, parents are less likely to be 19 of what their teens are listening to.
It’s hard to believe that today’s over-50-years-ago people used to be 20 against Elvis Presley’s dance moves. Fast-forward to the present day and the society has certainly become more 21 with many strange forms of art.
As for parents, music is a powerful tool and certainly music with pro-social or warm lyrics(歌词) can make a(n) 22 influence on teens. It’s important to take an active approach when talking with your teens 23 their musical interests. Always be curious and inquire about what your teens look for in music and what 24 can be gained in certain songs. But make sure that you are not speaking in a 25 tone, or they would rather keep the answers to themselves.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．affordable B．consumption C． displaying D．driver E. physically F. fail G. legally H. acknowledged I. replacing J. superior K. skip
If you were to buy the Complete Works of Primo Levi on Amazon, the price is $58.40. If, however, you preferred to download it to your e-reader, you would need to pay $59.49. It would cost you one dollar more not to 26 own the books. This brings the question into the spotlight: Why are we increasingly paying more money to not have the thing we buy Amazon 27 receipt of but didn’t respond to such a request for moment. But we can discuss why.
For one thing, we’ve reached a point at which it’s the digital version that won’t 28 us. The hard copy used to be reliable, but that isn’t true anymore. In fact, the digital copy is more durable than the hard one, as anyone who has scratched a CD would likely agree. For another, we’ve come to see the digital version as 29 in some ways. It’s noted that we’ll pay for things so that we’ll be able to quickly consume a product, or 30 to the place in a book where a character first appears.
It’s true that the digital is becoming an accepted part of the way we live now. But not everyone can jump on the bandwagon(跟风), since not everyone can access that version in the first place. This suggests a third 31 behind the trend: some people are paying more because performance and participation matter more in the new economy. That is, people are always paying more to be part of the new cool club, and today the cool club is digital.
Whether or not it is indeed fashionable to own the digital version, the reality remains that if the most accessible version of culture is the least 32 , then not everyone gets to download culture. Besides, customers get fewer rights in a digital copy as the law won’t let them loan or resell their digital book or CD．That means we’re paying more to be 33 able to do less. Or, we buy it, but we don’t hold it.
This is the way we pay to own now and may be for the foreseeable future. That doesn’t mean we’ve become any less fascinated by 34 . As Wilks said, possession is fundamentally human, and while we may change the concept of what and how we possess, we’ll still be possessed by possessions. In other words, we still own things. We may no longer show how well-read we are by 35 hardcover Primo Levi on our bookshelves, but we can bring his work with us everywhere, without lugging around those heavy books.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
In a society, such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people 36 value individualism--the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the 37 that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work 38 and find answers by themselves.There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asia societies, on the contrary, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient 39 society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching 40 are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that have memorized.
There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these 41 of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it 42 students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an 43 learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values 44 ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven’t 45 as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．accessible B．briefly C． constructed D．home E. remains F. replacing G. restored H. rulers I. significantly J. survived K. violent
Windsor CastleWindsor Castle is the most famous of all castles in England. The grand castle is still a(n) 46 of the British royal family, and is the largest and oldest residential castle in the world. It has been the site of a royal house for almost 1,000 years, since the time of William the Conqueror.
King Henry II 47 the first stone building on the site of Windsor Castle in the 1170s. King Edward III, who was born in the castle, pulled down most of Henry’s buildings in the 1350s, 48 them with a new “round castle” in the center of the site. Edward’s central keep (城堡主楼) has 49 to this day, though with major changes.
St. George’s Chapel is the main church on the site. It was begun during the reign (统治) of King Edward IV and was completed by King Henry VIII, who was buried there along with nine other British 50 .
The most 51 part in the history of Windsor Castle took place during the English Civil War, when Oliver Cromwell’s troops took over the castle from King Charles I and used it as a fortress and the headquarters. King Charles I was 52 imprisoned at Windsor Castle and it wasn’t long before he was killed and buried here in 1648.
Windsor Castle remains a primary residence of the royal family, but much of it is now 53 to the public. Sights on a Windsor Castle tour include the daily changing of the guard. The public rooms contain a large number of paintings, decorative ceiling designs and antique furniture. A fire in 1992 destroyed parts of the royal apartments, which are open to a Windsor Castle tour when the Queen is not in residence, but these have been painstakingly 54 . A Windsor Castle tour should include a walk through the Windsor Great Park, which is a beautifully designed garden in the 55 of a royal hunting forest.
Complete the passage using the correct form of the words and phrases below.
logical thinking comprehension skill reliable persuade critical thinking financial skill trend routine
I recently spoke to Ms Xue about the skills we will need in years to come and the future 56 for jobs and careers. According to Ms Xue, in the future a lot of 57 office and factory jobs will disappear. We need to have many skills which we can start developing now. One of the most important is 58 , which is the ability to analyse and evaluate information. 59 which is the ability to use our reason well, will be highly useful in the workplace, as it will help us use our knowledge 60 others. 61 will be highly valued and companies will always appreciate a 62 person who they can trust to do their job. Even outside the workplace, there are important skills we will need. For example, good 63 will benefit us greatly when we start earning money and have financial responsibilities.
根据段落语义, 从下面方框中选择恰当的单词并以正确的形式填入空格中。
attitude forgive concentrate debate determine economy lecture observe senior solution
I have many good teachers at 64 high school, among whom my favorite teacher is Miss Li, our English teacher. Her 65 are interesting and amazing, so I can always 66 in class. Sometimes she organizes 67 in which we are supposed to 68 problems like environmental pollution or 69 downfall, and then work out possible 70 . Her creative teaching stirs up our 71 to be active thinkers and hold a responsible 72 towards the world. While Miss Li is kind and enthusiastic, she is strict with us—cheating in exams will never be 73 !
A．value B．show C． strongest D．gains E. focuses F. key G. priority H. countries I. better J. competitive
PISA is a two-hour test that compares the performance of 15-year-olds. In the latest test, the countries with the best readers were South Korea and Finland. But students in Shanghai. China, scored the highest of all in reading, mathematics and science. The next 74 results were in Hong Kong. Singapore, Canada, New Zealand and Japan. In all, around half a million students in more than 70 75 took the test last year. The test has been given every three years since 2000. Last year was the first time Shanghai took part.
Mr. ANDREAS SCHLEICHER says “Asian countries 76 education more than other countries. They have given education a 77 . Every child, every teacher, every parent knows that education is the 78 to success.” He says other education systems can learn from Shanghai. For example, he says education spending in the province has increased, including teacher pay and training. And administrators are putting teachers into challenging classroom situations to make them 79 at their jobs. Education Secretary Arne Duncan says that the results 80 an urgent need for Americans to do more to remain 81 in the world economy. He points out that the United States has fallen from first to ninth place in college graduation rates because of 82 by other countries.
Mr Schloichor says international testing experts have investigated and confirmed（证实）the Shanghai scores. He says the PISA results are not representative of all of China. But he also says they dispute the common belief that Chinese education 83 on repetition and memorization.
阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，选择合适的单词填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。
A．registration B．annoyed C． outgoing D．awkward E. quit F. suitable G. challenge H. freshman I. frightened J. attractive K. obviously
Johnson is a 84 at senior high school. He is not a(n) 85 person, so for him, going from junior high to senior high is a big 86 . In the 87 office, he felt 88 and didn’t know what to say. Later, he had to think very carefully about which courses were 89 for him to take. Also, he had to choose extra-curricular activities. He tried to join the school volleyball team, but the coach told him that he didn’t play well enough. He was, 90 , unhappy, but he won’t 91 . He decided to find a way to improve on his own so that he could make the team next year. Senior high school life seems more 92 than confusing, now he becomes more confident and is not 93 at all.
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.
(A)
A．approaching B．Central C． reverse D．adjusted E. conversation F. preferred G. ideal H. qualify I. secure J. engagement K. foretelling
It’s 6 a. m. and the alarm clock is ringing earlier than usual. It’s not a malfunction: the smart clock scanned your schedule and 94 because you’ve got that big presentation first thing in the morning. Your shower automatically turns on and warms to your 95 temperature. The electric car is ready to go, charged by the solar panels. When you get home later, there’s an unexpected package waiting, delivered by drone. You open it to find cold medicine. It turns out that health sensors in your bathroom detected signs of a(an) 96 illness and placed an order automatically.
That at least is the 97 version of the smart home that exists 10 years out. Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 million American homes will 98 as “smart” by 2022, with everything from Internet-connected light bulbs to cameras that let us spy on our pets from the office. But a decade from now, experts say, we’ll move from turning the lights on and off with our voices to total 99 in the Internet of Things (IoT). Thanks to advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest homes will be able to truly learn about their owners, eventually 100 their needs. Developments in robotics will give us machines that offer a helping hand with cleaning, cooking and more. New sensors will be closely watching our well-being. 101 to all of this will be the data that smart homes collect, analyze and act upon, helping to turn the houses of the future from a mere collection of devices and accessories into truly “smart” homes.
Of course, as our homes learn more about us, keeping them 102 will become all the more important. Every device that’s connected to the Internet is a potential target for hackers. Therefore, cybersecurity will become all the more vital.
A range of technological developments will drive smart-home technology well beyond what’s available on store shelves today. Innovations in artificial intelligence, for example, stand to 103 almost everything in our lives, including our homes. You might already be using some kind of AI-powered voice-assistant device to get the latest news or weather forecast every morning. But in the smart home of the future, those Al platforms could serve as the brain for entire homes, learning about residents and organizing and automating all of their various smart devices.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．targeted B．tendencies C． habitually D．variables E. links F. antibullying G. barely H. considerate I. elements J. coded K. backed
Military and sports opponents commonly consider a rival leader’s personality when weighing a competitive move, such as an attack. In business strategy, however, this element is 104 studied; firms assume that they should make strategic moves on the basis of competitive dynamics or microeconomic 105 .
New research looked for 106 between the personal manner of CEOs and the incidence of competitive attacks against their firms. Drawing on the theory that victims in general tend to be either submissive (屈从的) and unlikely to fight back or so provocative (挑衅的) that rivals strike preemptively(先发制人地) (think of schoolyard and barroom fights), the researchers 107 publicly available videos of 102 CEOs of Fortune 500 companies from 2010 to 2016, rating on a multi-dimension scale each leader on submissive and provocative 108 . Then using news articles, they identified which of the executives’ firms had come under pricing, product, marketing, or expansion attacks. They controlled for 109 including the CEOs’ media prominence and pay; their firms’ size and financial performance; industry complexity; and whether the CEO was also chairman. The analysis showed that firms with CEOs rated as highly submissive or provocative were indeed more likely to be 110 by their counterparts, with perceived submissiveness making them especially vulnerable (gender did not appear to make a significant difference).
Subsequent interviews with CEOs 111 those findings. For example, one leader described a rival CEO as so lazy and change-averse (逃避改变的) that his team focused on “picking off customers one by one.” Just as 112 initiatives take typical victim attributes into account training programs could use this work to help executives avoid drawing fire, the researchers say. “CEOs who are ‘too nice’ can be counseled to be 113 of this element,” they write, while “those with domineering styles... can be trained to manage this quality.”
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．urgent B．transformative C． presents D．grabbed E. declaration F. collective G. capacity H. worsening I. determined J. foundation K. responsibility
Save the WorldThe United Nations issued a report last week warning that humans are destroying nature at such a rate that life on Earth is at risk. When the report came out, it naturally 114 headlines. But obviously it did not hijack the news agenda in the manner of a major terrorist attack or 115 of war.
The report from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is clear on what’s at stake and what needs to change. IPBES chair Robert Watson says the “overwhelming evidence” 116 an “ ominous (凶兆的)picture”. “The health of ecosystems on which we and all other species depend is 117 more rapidly than ever,” Robert Watson said. “We are biting the very 118 of our economies, livelihoods, food security, health and quality of life worldwide.” The report says it’s not too late if we make “ 119 changes” ----fundamental, system-wide reorganization ----- at every level from local to global, we need to focus on how to make that happen.
First, don’t immerse yourself in despair, because despair leads to inertia (惰性) and doing nothing means certain disaster. Every action to save nature will improve our 120 and personal futures and the only action to respond to a threat of this scale is with 121 action rooted in optimism. Second, we need focus, just like when rescue teams arrive on a scene and use the concept of “triage(伤员鉴别分类)” to ensure the most 122 cases get treated first. Saving the natural world needs that kind of thinking. We don’t have the 123 to do everything at once. We need to make hard choices.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
fuel policy release restrict sustain trend
Carbon dioxide is 124 through human activities such as destroying forests and burning fossil 125 , as well as natural processes such as volcanic eruptions. The measurements by climate experts show a rising 126 of carbon dioxide emissions, If this continues, our planet will face further environmental disasters. In response to this environmental issue, China is implementing significant 127 and measures to address climate change, aiming to 128 coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature, build a 129 energy system, and advocate a moderate, green, and low-carbon lifestyle.
Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there one word more than you need
I surveyed more than 30.000 people around the world. These people came from different cultures and were working in various industries. I asked them about how they relate to others: Do they prefer giving or taking I found that many of them were somewhere in the middle. They fell into a third group, who do something called"matching".
If you are a" matcher," you try to keep a balance between giving and taking: "quid pro quo"--I’ll do something for you if you do something for me. That seems like a safe way to live your life. However, is it the most 130 approach on a daily basis
131 the worst performers among those I surveyed- -regardless of their 132 or nationalities ---were the givers. The engineers who were the least productive did more favors than they received in return. They were always so busy doing other people’s job that they ran out of time and energy to get their own work done. In medical schools, the lowest grades went to students who said they “loved helping others.” In other words, the doctors you ought to trust are those who did the training with no 133 to help anybody
However, it turns out that there is a 134 here---thankfully. Although givers are often sacrificing themselves, they make contribution to their organization. There is a lot of evidence to support this. Research has looked at how often people give to their team or organization. The findings tells us that sharing knowledge and mentoring all boost the performance of the organization on every metric that can be 135 :profits, customers 136 , employee retention(员工存留率) and so on. Even the operating expenses 137 .
Givers spend a lot of time trying to help other people and improve their teams, it 138 seems they suffer along the way. Givers deserve more 139 . As to what it takes to build cultures where givers can get to succeed more often, it requires further research.
参考答案：
1．E 2．B 3．I 4．A 5．H 6．F 7．C 8．D 9．J 10．K
11．E 12．A 13．F 14．C 15．D
16．J 17．A 18．E 19．G 20．F 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．H 25．K
26．E 27．H 28．F 29．J 30．K 31．D 32．A 33．G 34．B 35．C
36．J 37．H 38．F 39．C 40．D 41．E 42．B 43．K 44．A 45．I
46．D 47．C 48．F 49．J 50．H 51．K 52．B 53．A 54．G 55．E
56．trends 57．routine 58．critical thinking 59．Logical thinking 60．to persuade 61．Comprehension skills 62．reliable 63．financial skills
64．senior 65．lectures 66．concentrate 67．debates 68．observe 69．economic 70．solutions 71．determination 72．attitude 73．forgiven
74．C 75．H 76．A 77．G 78．F 79．I 80．B 81．J 82．D 83．E
84．H 85．C 86．G 87．A 88．D 89．F 90．K 91．E 92．J 93．I
94．D 95．F 96．A 97．G 98．H 99．J 100．K 101．B 102．I 103．C
104．G 105．D 106．E 107．J
108．B
109．I 110．A 111．K 112．F 113．H
114．D 115．E 116．C 117．H 118．J 119．B 120．F 121．I 122．A 123．G
124．released 125．fuels 126．trend 127．policies 128．restrict 129．sustainable
130．I 131．A 132．H 133．F 134．E 135．B 136．J 137．C 138．G 139．K
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