(共46张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the texts on Page 32～33 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the text mainly about
A．The beauty of the Li River.
B．What some tourists did led to the water pollution.
C．The ways to increase crop production.
D．Some measures to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
D
2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．Some tourists threw garbage into the Li River.
B．Some tourists didn't care about the Li River.
C．The local population rose rapidly.
D．What caused water pollution in the Li River.
D
3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
B．Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
C．Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River.
D．The local authorities never inspect the Li River.
B
4．With these measures, what is people's attitude towards the future of the Li River
A．Positive. B．Concerned.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
A
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家庭的
②have an effect on...对……有影响
③look at研究；考虑
④deal with处理
⑤previously adv.以前
previous adj.以前的
⑥volume ['v lju m] n．[C，U]量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
⑦garbage ['ɡɑ b d ] n．[U] 垃圾；废物
⑧contribute to...是……的原因之一
⑨enterprise ['ent pra z] n．[C]公司；企业；事业
state-owned/public enterprises国有企业/公共事业单位
⑩end up最终成为；最后处于
end up doing sth.以做某事而告终
restore [r 'st (r)] vt.恢复；使复原；修复
restore...to...使……恢复到……
address vt.处理
conservation [ k ns 've n] n.[U](对环境、文物等)保护；保持
conserve vt.保护；保存
dozens of许多；很多
dozen ['d zn] n．[C](一)打；十二个
set up 建立
regulation [ reɡju'le n] n．[C，usually pl.]章程；规章制度
set up regulations设立规章制度
regarding prep.关于；至于
regard vt.看待
disposal [d 'sp zl] n．[U]去掉；清除；处理
garbage disposal methods垃圾处理方法
furthermore adv.而且
＝what's more/in addition/besides
awareness n．意识
aware adj.意识到的
be aware of...意识到……
(21)carry out执行；进行
(22)inspection [ n'spek n] n．[C，U]检查；查看；视察
carry out inspections进行检查
inspect vt.视察
(23)fine [fa n] vt.对……处以罚款 n．[C] 罚款
fine...for sth./for doing sth.因(做)某事对……处以罚款
(24)in addition此外
(25)campaign [k m'pe n] n. [C] 运动；战役 vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动
launch a campaign发起运动
(26)in effect在实施中；有效
(27)waterway ['w t we ] n．[C]水道；航道
(28)head towards...朝着……前进
[原文呈现]
REDUCING WATER POLLUTION
IN THE LI RIVER
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic① and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on② the river's water quality. This report looks at③ the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with④ it [1].
Previously⑤， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume⑥ of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage⑦ into the river[2]. Many tour boats contributed to⑧ the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water [3]. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises⑨.Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up⑩ in the river [4]. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species [5]. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.[6]
[1]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰some actions。
[2]画线部分为“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists。
[3]which在此处引导非限制性定语从句。修饰上文的名词oil。
[4]画线部分为with复合结构作原因状语。
[5]此处的causing...是现在分词短语，表示结果。
[6]在本句中的两个that都是引导宾语从句。
A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues [7]. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation . The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore ， the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry out21 inspections22 regularly and fine23 tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come [8].
[7]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰measures。
[8]画线部分中， it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句； to come为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰generations。
In addition24, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”， hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaigns25 in effect26, China's waterways27 are heading towards28 a clean and sustainable future.
[课文翻译]
减少漓江的水污染
美丽的漓江及其迷人的风景是中国广西壮族自治区最著名的旅游胜地之一。它每年吸引数百万的国内外游客。然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。这份报告着眼于水污染问题以及为解决这个问题而采取的一些行动。
以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔进江中。许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。船上的厨房用了大量的油，这些油经常被倒入水中。旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速增加。水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学药品来增加农作物的产量。这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类减少。当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。
当地实施综合计划，多措并举，以解决这些问题。污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。地方政府对进一步发展工业制定了严格的规定。有关旅游船路线和垃圾处理方法的新规定也已出台。此外，地方当局开始利用媒体宣传环境意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游组织的陋习进行罚款。相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
另外，“水十条”的宏伟规划则是为了治理整个国家的水污染问题。例如“河长制”这样的举措，还将减少水污染作为高级官员的责任。实际上，随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________ greater change 经历了更大的变化
2．________ rainfall 适度的降雨量
3．make an ________ report 做年度报告
4．a ________ power plant 一个核电站
5．be ________ to the sudden change of weather
对天气的突然变化要敏感
6．the king of the ________ 丛林之王
undergo
moderate
annual
nuclear
sensitive
jungle
7．have a reputation for ________
以烟雾闻名
8．be ________ for illegal parking
因违章停车而被处以罚款
9．launch a ________ 发起一项运动
10．________ public order 恢复公共秩序
smog
fined
campaign
restore
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [ 'r d ne t] vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立→origin n．起源；开端→original adj.最初的；原来的；首创的
2．________ [ k ns 've n] n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；因循守旧的→conserve vt.保护；保存
3．________ [ reɡj 'le n] n．章程；规章制度→regular adj.有规律的；定期的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular adj.无规律的；不规则的
originate
conservation
regulation
4．________ [d 'sp zl] n．去掉；清除；处理→dispose v．去掉；清除
5．________ [ n'spek n] n．检查；查看；视察→inspect v．视察；检查；检阅→inspector n．检查员；巡视员
6．________ ['t l re t] vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.容忍的→tolerance n．忍耐；宽容
disposal
inspection
tolerate
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 对……有影响
2．________________ 导致；促成
3．________________ 最终……
4．________________ 许多；很多
5．________________ 建立
6．________________ 执行
7．________________ 实际上
have an effect on
contribute to
end up
dozens of
set up
carry out
in effect
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]“代词＋ of ＋whom”引导非限制性定语从句
[教材]Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, _________________________________
________.
以往，漓江的水质因为游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
2．[句型]with的复合结构
[教材]Water pollution levels increased, __________________________
____________________.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
many of whom frequently threw garbage into
the river
with more household and commercial
waste ending up in the river
3．[句型]“It is believed that...”意为“人们认为/相信……”
[教材]With these measures, ___________________________________
_____________ generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。
4．[句型]并列宾语从句
[教材]Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment _______________________________ restore the river's original beauty.
当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，感到应该采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。
it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will
be preserved for
and felt that urgent steps should be taken to
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P30)The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”．“雾霾”这种表达起源于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的结合。
◎originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立
(1)originate from 起源于
(2)origin n. 起源；起因
original adj. 最初的；原来的
originally adv. 原来；起初
[佳句] The disease is thought to have originated in the small country.
这种病被认为起源于那个小国家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①As is known to us, all theories originate ________ practice.
②[2021·全国甲卷]It was built ________ (origin) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我们向交流生介绍了中国茶的起源和悠久的历史。
We __________________________ and its long history to exchange students.
from
originally
introduced the origin of Chinese tea
2(教材P32)Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物流入河中，水污染更严重了。
◎句型公式：with复合结构
with复合结构如下：
①with＋宾语＋介词短语
②with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/名词
③with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
④with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)
⑤with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示将要发生)
[佳句] With tears of gratitude in his eyes, he seized me by the arm and then hugged me tightly.
他眼里含着感激的泪水，抓住我的胳膊，紧紧地拥抱着我。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①With a guide ________ (show) us around the scenic spots, we will definitely have a great time.
②With the College Entrance Examination __________ (approach), I am at a loss about the major I will take up at university.
③With all the popcorn ________ (sell), Bernard couldn't hold back his excitement on the way home.
[写美]——词汇/句式升级
④As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually disappearing.
→______________________________________, many species are gradually ________. (with复合结构)
to show
approaching
sold
With the living environment becoming worse and worse
dying out
◎end up最终；结果
end up doing 以……结束/告终
end in sth. 以……结尾；以……告终
end up in... 结果为……
[佳句] Be careful while you are driving, or you will end up in an accident.
开车时你要小心一些，否则你会出事的。
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤Anyone who gets into the bad habit of taking drugs __________________．
任何一个染上吸毒恶习的人都一定会进监狱。
⑥If you try to remember everything you will _____________________．
如果你试图记住所有的事情，结果你会什么也记不住。
is sure to end in prison
end up remembering nothing
3(教材P32)The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.
污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。
◎conservation n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
(1)under conservation 被保护；保护中
(2)conserve v. 保护，保存；节省，节约
conservative adj. 保守的
[佳句] Wildlife conservation is the means of protecting Earth's species from becoming endangered or extinct.
野生动物保护是保护地球上的物种免于濒危或灭绝的手段。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My father is absorbed in the __________ (conserve) of our country's cultural heritage.
②It is said that the old temple ______________ (conserve) now.
＝It is said that the old temple is ________ conservation now.
conservation
is being conserved
under
4(教材P32)Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.
数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。
◎dozen n．(一)打；十二个
dozens of 很多，许多
by the dozen 成打地；按打计算
in dozens＝in large numbers 大批；成打地
[佳句] He was so excited that he went to buy three dozen bottles of wine.
他那么兴奋，所以去买了36瓶酒。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①我了解到这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰出画作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。
I have learned that the exhibition consists of ________________ painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc.
②在英国，糖是按磅卖，蛋是按打卖，布是按码卖。
In England, sugar is sold by the pound, eggs ____________ and cloth by the yard.
dozens of masterpieces
by the dozen
5(教材P33)At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses.
与此同时，他们开始定期检查，并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行处罚。
◎carry out执行
carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事
carry through 达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
[佳句] I dreamt of starting my own business，which certainly inspired me to carry on.
我梦想开创自己的事业，这当然激励了我继续下去。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In my opinion, we should carry ________ the task straight away.
②First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry ________ your plan step by step.
③His courage and determination carried him ________.
[写美]——词汇升级
④If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
→If you _______ working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
out
out
through
carry on
◎fine vt.对……处以罚款 n．罚金；罚款 adj.高质量的；健康的；晴朗的
[佳句] There is no doubt that some factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.
毫无疑问，向湖里倾倒废水的一些工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。
[练通]——写出下列句中fine的词性及含义
⑤I was feeling fine when I got up this morning.____________
⑥I hope it stays fine for the picnic.____________
⑦He was found smoking in the hall, so he was fined heavily.____________
⑧The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.____________
adj.健康的
adj.晴朗的
vt.对……处以罚款
adj.好看的；漂亮的
6(教材P33)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
◎句型公式：It is believed that...人们认为/相信……
句中“It is believed that...”句型，可译为“人们认为/相信”，可转换为“be believed to＋不定式”结构。
(1)It is said/believed/reported/thought/supposed/hoped/expected that... 据说/相信/报道/认为/推断/希望/预计……
(2)People believe/think/suppose/hope/expect that... 人们相信/认为/推断/希望/预计……
[佳句] It is believed that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
人们认为阅读增长知识，拓宽视野。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He is thought __________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
②It is hoped ________ the cost of medical care can be cut down.
[写美]——一句多译
人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。
③________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
④________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
to have acted
that
It is believed that
People believe that
7(教材P34)The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation.村民们再也无法忍受这种情况了。
◎tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许
(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事
(2)tolerant adj. 忍受的；容忍的；宽容的
tolerance n. 容忍；忍耐力
[佳句] Instead of blaming the child, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
她没有责备孩子，而是给了他一个宽容的微笑，就放他走了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We can't tolerate people ________ (throw) garbage here and there, so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment.
②If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ________ (tolerate)．
[写美]——词汇升级
③When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
→When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to ________________．
throwing
tolerance
tolerate/put up with
[温馨提示]
“忍受”的种种表达：
tolerate vt.忍受； stand vt.忍受； bear vt.忍受； put up with忍受，容忍Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the texts on Page 32～33 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the text mainly about
A．The beauty of the Li River.
B．What some tourists did led to the water pollution.
C．The ways to increase crop production.
D．Some measures to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
2．What is the main idea of the second paragraph
A．Some tourists threw garbage into the Li River.
B．Some tourists didn't care about the Li River.
C．The local population rose rapidly.
D．What caused water pollution in the Li River.
3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
B．Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River.
C．Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River.
D．The local authorities never inspect the Li River.
4．With these measures, what is people's attitude towards the future of the Li River
A．Positive. B．Concerned.
C．Negative. D．Indifferent.
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家庭的
②have an effect on...对……有影响
③look at研究；考虑
④deal with处理
⑤previously adv.以前
previous adj.以前的
⑥volume ['v lju m] n．[C，U]量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
⑦garbage ['ɡɑ b d ] n．[U] 垃圾；废物
⑧contribute to...是……的原因之一
⑨enterprise ['ent pra z] n．[C]公司；企业；事业
state-owned/public enterprises国有企业/公共事业单位
⑩end up最终成为；最后处于
end up doing sth.以做某事而告终
restore [r 'st (r)] vt.恢复；使复原；修复
restore...to...使……恢复到……
address vt.处理
conservation [ k ns 've n] n.[U](对环境、文物等)保护；保持
conserve vt.保护；保存
dozens of许多；很多
dozen ['d zn] n．[C](一)打；十二个
set up 建立
regulation [ reɡju'le n] n．[C，usually pl.]章程；规章制度
set up regulations设立规章制度
regarding prep.关于；至于
regard vt.看待
disposal [d 'sp zl] n．[U]去掉；清除；处理
garbage disposal methods垃圾处理方法
furthermore adv.而且
＝what's more/in addition/besides
awareness n．意识
aware adj.意识到的
be aware of...意识到……
carry out执行；进行
inspection [ n'spek n] n．[C，U]检查；查看；视察
carry out inspections进行检查
inspect vt.视察
fine [fa n] vt.对……处以罚款 n．[C] 罚款
fine...for sth./for doing sth.因(做)某事对……处以罚款
in addition此外
campaign [k m'pe n] n. [C] 运动；战役 vi.&vt.参加运动；领导运动
launch a campaign发起运动
in effect在实施中；有效
waterway ['w t we ] n．[C]水道；航道
head towards...朝着……前进
[原文呈现]
REDUCING WATER POLLUTION
IN THE LI RIVER
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It attracts millions of domestic① and foreign visitors each year. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on② the river's water quality. This report looks at③ the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with④ it [1].
Previously⑤， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume⑥ of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage⑦ into the river[2]. Many tour boats contributed to⑧ the problem too. Kitchens on board were using lots of oil, which was often thrown into the water [3]. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises⑨.Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up⑩ in the river [4]. In order to feed more people, more chemicals were used to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, causing a decrease in the number of fish species [5]. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.[6]
[1]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰some actions。
[2]画线部分为“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists。
[3]which在此处引导非限制性定语从句。修饰上文的名词oil。
[4]画线部分为with复合结构作原因状语。
[5]此处的causing...是现在分词短语，表示结果。
[6]在本句中的两个that都是引导宾语从句。
A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues [7]. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation . The collection and transport of household waste was also improved. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. New rules were also introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. Furthermore ， the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy. At the same time, they started to carry outB21 inspectionsB22 regularly and fineB23 tourist organisations for abuses. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come [8].
[7]that在此处引导定语从句，修饰measures。
[8]画线部分中， it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句； to come为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰generations。
In additionB24, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. Other initiatives, such as the “River Chief System”， hold senior officials responsible for reducing water pollution. With such campaignsB25 in effectB26, China's waterwaysB27 are heading towardsB28 a clean and sustainable future.
[课文翻译]
减少漓江的水污染
美丽的漓江及其迷人的风景是中国广西壮族自治区最著名的旅游胜地之一。它每年吸引数百万的国内外游客。然而，它作为顶级旅游胜地的声誉对河流的水质产生了负面影响。这份报告着眼于水污染问题以及为解决这个问题而采取的一些行动。
以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔进江中。许多旅游船也导致了这个问题。船上的厨房用了大量的油，这些油经常被倒入水中。旅游业的增长也意味着当地人口以及商业和工业企业的数量迅速增加。水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。为了养活更多的人，使用了更多的化学药品来增加农作物的产量。这些化学物质导致严重的水质问题，导致鱼类种类减少。当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原始美景。
当地实施综合计划，多措并举，以解决这些问题。污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。地方政府对进一步发展工业制定了严格的规定。有关旅游船路线和垃圾处理方法的新规定也已出台。此外，地方当局开始利用媒体宣传环境意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对旅游组织的陋习进行罚款。相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
另外，“水十条”的宏伟规划则是为了治理整个国家的水污染问题。例如“河长制”这样的举措，还将减少水污染作为高级官员的责任。实际上，随着这些行动(的展开)，中国的水资源正朝着洁净的、可持续发展的未来迈进。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________ greater change 经历了更大的变化
2．________ rainfall 适度的降雨量
3．make an ________ report 做年度报告
4．a ________ power plant 一个核电站
5．be ________ to the sudden change of weather
对天气的突然变化要敏感
6．the king of the ________ 丛林之王
7．have a reputation for ________
以烟雾闻名
8．be ________ for illegal parking
因违章停车而被处以罚款
9．launch a ________ 发起一项运动
10．________ public order 恢复公共秩序
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [ 'r d ne t] vi.&vt.起源；发源；创立→origin n．起源；开端→original adj.最初的；原来的；首创的
2．________ [ k ns 've n] n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；因循守旧的→conserve vt.保护；保存
3．________ [ reɡj 'le n] n．章程；规章制度→regular adj.有规律的；定期的→regularly adv.有规律地→irregular adj.无规律的；不规则的
4．________ [d 'sp zl] n．去掉；清除；处理→dispose v．去掉；清除
5．________ [ n'spek n] n．检查；查看；视察→inspect v．视察；检查；检阅→inspector n．检查员；巡视员
6．________ ['t l re t] vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.容忍的→tolerance n．忍耐；宽容
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 对……有影响
2．________________ 导致；促成
3．________________ 最终……
4．________________ 许多；很多
5．________________ 建立
6．________________ 执行
7．________________ 实际上
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]“代词＋ of ＋whom”引导非限制性定语从句
[教材]Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
以往，漓江的水质因为游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，一些游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
2．[句型]with的复合结构
[教材]Water pollution levels increased, ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
水污染水平上升，更多的家庭和商业废物最终流入河中。
3．[句型]“It is believed that...”意为“人们认为/相信……”
[教材]With these measures, ________________________________________________________________________
________________ generations to come.
有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。
4．[句型]并列宾语从句
[教材]Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment ________________________________________ restore the river's original beauty.
当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，感到应该采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P30)The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”．“雾霾”这种表达起源于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的结合。
◎originate vi.&vt.起源；发源；创立
(1)originate from 起源于
(2)origin n. 起源；起因
original adj. 最初的；原来的
originally adv. 原来；起初
[佳句] The disease is thought to have originated in the small country.
这种病被认为起源于那个小国家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①As is known to us, all theories originate ________ practice.
②[2021·全国甲卷]It was built ________ (origin) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我们向交流生介绍了中国茶的起源和悠久的历史。
We ________________________________ and its long history to exchange students.
2(教材P32)Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.
随着更多的家庭和商业废弃物流入河中，水污染更严重了。
◎句型公式：with复合结构
with复合结构如下：
①with＋宾语＋介词短语
②with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/名词
③with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
④with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)
⑤with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示将要发生)
[佳句] With tears of gratitude in his eyes, he seized me by the arm and then hugged me tightly.
他眼里含着感激的泪水，抓住我的胳膊，紧紧地拥抱着我。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①With a guide ________ (show) us around the scenic spots, we will definitely have a great time.
②With the College Entrance Examination ________ (approach), I am at a loss about the major I will take up at university.
③With all the popcorn ________ (sell), Bernard couldn't hold back his excitement on the way home.
[写美]——词汇/句式升级
④As the living environment becomes worse and worse, many species are gradually disappearing.
→________________________________________________________________________,
many species are gradually ________________. (with复合结构)
◎end up最终；结果
end up doing 以……结束/告终
end in sth. 以……结尾；以……告终
end up in... 结果为……
[佳句] Be careful while you are driving, or you will end up in an accident.
开车时你要小心一些，否则你会出事的。
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤Anyone who gets into the bad habit of taking drugs ________________________．
任何一个染上吸毒恶习的人都一定会进监狱。
⑥If you try to remember everything you will ________________________．
如果你试图记住所有的事情，结果你会什么也记不住。
3(教材P32)The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation.
污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，节约了用水。
◎conservation n．对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
(1)under conservation 被保护；保护中
(2)conserve v. 保护，保存；节省，节约
conservative adj. 保守的
[佳句] Wildlife conservation is the means of protecting Earth's species from becoming endangered or extinct.
野生动物保护是保护地球上的物种免于濒危或灭绝的手段。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My father is absorbed in the ________ (conserve) of our country's cultural heritage.
②It is said that the old temple ________ (conserve) now.
＝It is said that the old temple is ________ conservation now.
4(教材P32)Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved.
数十家污染企业被关闭或搬迁。
◎dozen n．(一)打；十二个
dozens of 很多，许多
by the dozen 成打地；按打计算
in dozens＝in large numbers 大批；成打地
[佳句] He was so excited that he went to buy three dozen bottles of wine.
他那么兴奋，所以去买了36瓶酒。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①我了解到这次展览包括几十幅中国著名艺术家的杰出画作，如徐悲鸿、齐白石、张大千等。
I have learned that the exhibition consists of ________________ painted by Chinese famous artists, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and etc.
②在英国，糖是按磅卖，蛋是按打卖，布是按码卖。
In England, sugar is sold by the pound, eggs ________________ and cloth by the yard.
5(教材P33)At the same time, they started to carry out inspections regularly and fine tourist organisations for abuses.
与此同时，他们开始定期检查，并且对旅游机构的违规行为进行处罚。
◎carry out执行
carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事
carry through 达成；贯彻；使渡过难关
[佳句] I dreamt of starting my own business，which certainly inspired me to carry on.
我梦想开创自己的事业，这当然激励了我继续下去。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In my opinion, we should carry ________ the task straight away.
②First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry ________ your plan step by step.
③His courage and determination carried him ________.
[写美]——词汇升级
④If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
→If you ____________ working like that, you will break down sooner or later.
◎fine vt.对……处以罚款 n．罚金；罚款 adj.高质量的；健康的；晴朗的
[佳句] There is no doubt that some factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.
毫无疑问，向湖里倾倒废水的一些工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。
[练通]——写出下列句中fine的词性及含义
⑤I was feeling fine when I got up this morning.____________
⑥I hope it stays fine for the picnic.____________
⑦He was found smoking in the hall, so he was fined heavily.____________
⑧The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour.____________
6(教材P33)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.
相信通过这些措施，漓江之美将得以世代相传。
◎句型公式：It is believed that...人们认为/相信……
句中“It is believed that...”句型，可译为“人们认为/相信”，可转换为“be believed to＋不定式”结构。
(1)It is said/believed/reported/thought/supposed/hoped/expected that... 据说/相信/报道/认为/推断/希望/预计……
(2)People believe/think/suppose/hope/expect that... 人们相信/认为/推断/希望/预计……
[佳句] It is believed that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
人们认为阅读增长知识，拓宽视野。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He is thought ________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
②It is hoped ________ the cost of medical care can be cut down.
[写美]——一句多译
人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。
③________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
④________________ the music festival will be not only meaningful but also interesting.
7(教材P34)The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation.村民们再也无法忍受这种情况了。
◎tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许
(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事
(2)tolerant adj. 忍受的；容忍的；宽容的
tolerance n. 容忍；忍耐力
[佳句] Instead of blaming the child, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
她没有责备孩子，而是给了他一个宽容的微笑，就放他走了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We can't tolerate people ________ (throw) garbage here and there, so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment.
②If neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their ________ (tolerate)．
[写美]——词汇升级
③When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
→When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to ________________．
[温馨提示] “忍受”的种种表达：
tolerate vt.忍受； stand vt.忍受； bear vt.忍受； put up with忍受，容忍
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
1．D 2.D 3.B 4.A
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．undergo 2.moderate 3.annual 4.nuclear 5.sensitive 6.jungle 7.smog 8.fined 9.campaign 10.restore
Ⅱ.
1．originate 2.conservation 3.regulation 4.disposal
5．inspection 6.tolerate
Ⅲ.
1．have an effect on 2.contribute to 3.end up 4.dozens of
5．set up 6.carry out 7.in effect
Ⅳ.
1．many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river
2．with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river
3．it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for
4．and felt that urgent steps should be taken to
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①from ②originally ③introduced the origin of Chinese tea
2．①to show ②approaching ③sold ④With the living environment becoming worse and worse; dying out ⑤is sure to end in prison ⑥end up remembering nothing
3．①conservation ②is being conserved; under
4．①dozens of masterpieces ②by the dozen
5．①out ②out ③through ④carry on ⑤adj.健康的
⑥adj.晴朗的 ⑦vt.对……处以罚款 ⑧adj.好看的；漂亮的
6．①to have acted ②that ③It is believed that ④People believe that
7．①throwing ②tolerance ③tolerate/put up with
