Unit 1 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．No ________(怀疑) he meant to help, but in fact he just got in the way．
2．It ________(使惊讶) us that we won the first prize．
3．Mary and Jane are sisters． The ________(前者) is a singer; the latter is a dancer．
4．They were________(挑选)from many schools．
5．Do you________(喜欢)walking in such weather?
6．I wouldn't tell lies to you; that's not my________(风格)．
7．The work that must be done before building a house is to make a good ________(设计)．
8．________(除去) the mud from your shoes before you come in．
答案：
1．doubt 他确实是想帮忙， 然而事实上却只是帮倒忙。no doubt 表示“无疑；很可能”。
2．amazed 真不敢相信，我们竟然得了第一名。
3．former 玛丽和简是姐妹俩。前者是歌唱家；后者是舞蹈家。
4．selected 他们是从众多的学校中被挑选出来的。
5．fancy 你喜欢在这样的天气散步吗？
6．style 我决不会向你撒谎；这不是我的风格。
7．design 盖房屋前必须做的工作是搞好设计。
8．Remove 进来以前把你鞋上的泥弄掉。
Ⅱ．句型转换
1．I don't doubt that my deskmate will be able to pass the 2016 National English Test．
________ ________ ________ ________that my deskmate will be able to pass the 2016 National English Test．
2．As a reward for passing her exams, her parents bought a new bike for her．
________ ________ ________passing her exams, she got a new bike from her parents．
3．All the people went out to look for the lost child．
All the people went out________ ________ ________the lost child．
4．Social class used to matter a lot more than it is now．
Social class matters a lot________ ________ ________it used to．
5．This is my uncle's house．
This house________ ________my uncle．
答案：1．There is no doubt 2．In return for 3．in search of 4．less now than 5．belongs to
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．Tom went off ______________________(寻找)some branches．
2．Don't take things __________________(属于) others．
3．He has given me so much help that I really want to do something for him __________ ________ (作为回报)．
4．__________________________ (毫无疑问) he can do the job well．
5．The whole house went up in smoke ________________ (在不到一个小时内)．
6．The country has been __________________ (与……处于交战状态) its neighbor for two years．
7．Many people hate ________________________ (她对待同学的方式)．
8．It's said that the movie ________________ (很值得看)．
9．The route __________________ (为……而设计) reduce traffic jams．
10．____________________(让人感到诧异) he knew nothing about the event．
答案：1．in search of 2．belonging to 3．in return 4．There is no doubt that 5．in less than an hour 6．at war with 7．the way she treats her classmates 8．is well worth seeing 9．was designed to 10．It was amazing that
Ⅳ．语法单句填空
1．I don't think it is worthwhile________ (take) the trouble to explain the question to him．
答案：taking/to take 句意：我认为那么麻烦地去给他解释这个问题不值得。It is worthwhile to do/doing．．．“做……是值得的”。
2．The purse was given back to the passenger when she proved that it________(belong) her．
答案：belonged to 考查动词短语含义。句意：当那位乘客证明钱包属于她时，就把钱包还给了她。belong to“属于”，根据前后时态一致可知用一般过去时。
3．—Do you think you will give me a hand in time of trouble?
—I'd like to do something for you in return________ everything you've done for me．
答案：for 考查介词短语意义。答句句意：我想为你做些事情来回报你为我做的一切。in return for“作为回报”。
4．After the floods, the survivors went out in search________ what had been left．
答案：of 句意：洪水之后，幸存者出去寻找留存下来的东西。in search of＝in one's search for“寻找”。
5．Do you still doubt ________ we can overcome the difficulties by ourselves?
答案：that 考查doubt后宾语从句的连接词。句意：你还在怀疑我们能自己克服困难吗？doubt用于疑问句后接宾语从句时，用that引导宾语从句。
6．Teenagers shouldn't ________(remove) from school although they don't do well in studies．
答案：be removed 句意：尽管他们学习不好，也不应该把青少年从学校开除。remove sb．from school“把某人从学校开除”。
7．Old as she was, she still fancied herself ________(be) young and beautiful．
答案：to be 句意：尽管她年纪大了，她仍旧认为自己还很年轻很漂亮。
8．—Do you need any help，Lucy?
—Yes． The job is ________than I could do myself．
答案：more 答句句意：这工作我自己做不了。more than“超出；胜过”。
9．Visitors are all very ________(amaze) to hear about the ________(amaze) love story in Lijiang．
答案：amazed；amazing 考查形容词词义。句意：观光的客人们听到丽江的那个令人惊讶的爱情故事时个个都惊诧不已。第一空用amazed(惊异的，惊奇的)来描述人(visitors)；第二空用amazing(令人吃惊的)来描述物(love story)。
10．The father went to the bookstore ________(select) a reference book for his son．
答案：to select 句意：父亲去商店为儿子挑选一本参考书。不定式作目的状语。
Ⅴ．阅读理解
Yosemite is a national park in California． It is very beautiful and big． The park includes more than 760,000 acres in the California Mountains． Most of the park is wilderness．
The part of Yosemite that everyone likes is Yosemite Valley． It is a tiny valley that is 7 miles long and less than 1 mile wide． It has tall rock walls and streams that splash down in waterfalls． More than two million visitors come to the valley each year．
One ranger(守护人)says the number of visitors is more than the land can handle． The valley has 4,500 camping spots． It has a hotel that can hold 4,000 families． This is still not enough to handle all of the visitors． The valley has grown so big that it has a lot of traffic and crime．
A worker says the park is trying to keep the beauty of the park and let everyone visit． Some areas have been fenced off from people and planted with seeds to try to keep them beautiful．
A former worker thinks Yosemite should get more money to take better care of the park． He would also like to teach people what the park service is trying to do．
Some people are trying to save Yosemite Valley． A plan has been made to get rid of some buildings． There will be fewer cars allowed inside the park． More buses will help get people around．
文章大意：如何保护和合理利用自然和文化物质遗产确实是一个世界性的难题。
1．According to the passage, which of the following should be got rid of?
A．Some of the trees． B．Some of the water．
C．Some of the families． D．Some of the buildings．
答案：D 由最后一段可知。
2．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Yosemite is a national park located in the California desert．
B．Some people think the amount of visitors is more than the land can handle．
C．The valley has 4,500 parking spots and some hotels．
D．Most of Yosemite park is full of traffic and crime．
答案：B 由第三段第一句话可知。
3．There are parts of the park that are closed________．
A．so some visitors can stay there alone
B．in order to supply an area for camping
C．so visitors can go fishing and barbecuing
D．and workers will plant seeds
答案：D 由第四段可知。
4．The passage mainly tells us________．
A．Yosemite is a beautiful national park
B．Yosemite is faced with a new problem
C．Yosemite is wilderness
D．Yosemite attracts a great many visitors each year
答案：B 纵观全文可知，随着游人日益增多，该国家公园正面临着一个新的问题。
Ⅵ．完形填空
China's cultural relic protection has made progress, but many problems still exist and need to be solved． China has made over 30 rules__1__the law of cultural relic protection．
China has also__2__four international conventions(协定)concerning cultural relic protection and investment in cultural relic protection has also__3__．
Statistics show that from 2000 to 2005__4__China carried out its 10th Five-Year Development Plan, total investment in the field__5__7．889 billion yuan． With financial support from government, China__6__started a nationwide campaign(运动)to search and protect cultural relics in 2003．
China has so far__7__a total of 2 351 cultural relic sites and 518 intangible(无形的)cultural relics on the__8__of national protected items． Restoration(恢复)and protection have been carried out on important cultural relic sites__9__the Potala Palace in Tibet and the Palace Museum in Beijing．
Chinese museums have developed well in recent years． China has more than 2,300 museums that__10__about 150 million people annually．
However, cultural relics in China now face great__11__． Many historic cities have been__12__． Illegal trade and smuggling(走私)activities have not been eliminated(除去), which has__13__the loss of national treasures overseas．__14__， many important cultural relic sites have declined(下降)or are hard to pass on__15__too much exploration and improper use． And cultural relics__16__by minority ethnic groups(少数民族)have lost their character due to the__17__lifestyle of the people．
__18__， we should keep our mind clear and take more__19__to better protect cultural relics, and__20__the whole society to take part in this cause．
1．A．based on B．thanks to
C．due to D．connected with
答案：A 根据国家文物古迹保护的相关法律，中国制定了30多条规章制度。based on“以……为基础”符合语境。thanks to“幸亏”；due to“由于，因为”；connect with“联系；接触”。
2．A．formed B．organized
C．joined D．built
答案：C 中国加入了四个有关文物古迹保护的国际协定，而不是这四个协定的缔造者。由此可知join“参加；加入”符合语境。form“形成”；organize“组织”；build“建立”。
3．A．improved B．increased
C．progressed D．developed
答案：B 中国加强了对文物古迹的保护，因此对文物古迹保护的投资也应该增加。由此可知increase“增加”符合语境。improve“改善；提升”；progress“促进；进步”；develop“发展”。
4．A．which B．that
C．where D．when
答案：D 先行词表示时间，故定语从句应用when引导。
5．A．arrived B．expected
C．reached D．jumped
答案：C 表示“达到某个数字”应用reach。arrive“到达”是不及物动词；expect“期望”；jump“跳跃”。
6．A．now B．still
C．also D．already
答案：C 根据上下文可知，中国政府除了经济上的支持外，还在2003年开展了全国性的文物古迹保护运动。由此可知also“还”符合语境。
7．A．taken B．produced
C．brought D．included
答案：D 目前中国所包含的文物古迹总数达2 351个。include“包含，包括”符合语境。take“拿，取”；produce“生产”；bring“带来”。
8．A．list B．record
C．file D．case
答案：A 518个无形的文物古迹也在文物古迹保护的清单上。list“清单；名单”符合语境。record“记录”；file“文件；档案”；case“情形；案例”。
9．A．such as B．except for
C．as well as D．other than
答案：A 用来列举事物时通常用such as“例如”。except for“除了”；as well as“以及；又”；other than“不同于；除了”。
10．A．make B．attract
C．enjoy D．satisfy
答案：B 中国的博物馆每年都会吸引大约一亿五千万名观众前来参观。attract“吸引”符合语境。make“制造”；enjoy“喜欢”；satisfy“满足”。
11．A．chances B．opportunities
C．pressures D．challenges
答案：D 根据下文可知，中国的文物古迹保护工作面临的是巨大的挑战，而不是机遇或压力。challenge“挑战”符合语境。
12．A．torn B．disappeared
C．lost D．destroyed
答案：D 由下文可知，中国的很多古城遭到了破坏。destroy“破坏；毁坏”。tear“撕破”；disappear“消失”；lose“丢失”。
13．A．resulted from B．turned to
C．led to D．set up
答案：C 文物非法贸易和走私活动导致中国的文物古迹流失海外。lead to“导致”符合语境。result from“起因于”；turn to“转向”；set up“建立；设立”。
14．A．As a result B．What's worse
C．Therefore D．At least
答案：B 由上下文逻辑关系可以看出，下文是对文物古迹保护所面临困境的进一步阐述，故应用what's worse，意为“更糟糕的是”。as a result“结果”；therefore“因此”；at least“至少”。
15．A．because of B．in case of
C．instead of D．in spite of
答案：A 导致文物古迹数量减少的原因是过度开发和不合理的利用。句子前后存在因果关系，故because of“因为”符合语境。in case of“以防；假如”；instead of“代替；而不是”；in spite of“不顾，不管”。
16．A．collected B．bought
C．held D．discovered
答案：C 由上下文可知，由于少数民族生活方式的改变，由他们所拥有的文物古迹也失去了其独特特点。hold在此意为“拥有；持有”，符合语境。
17．A．decreasing B．increasing
C．changing D．widening
答案：C 生活方式可以改变，但不能减少、增加或加宽，故C项符合语境。
18．A．Therefore B．Besides
C．Moreover D．However
答案：A 由于以上原因，我们必须保持清醒的头脑，采取相应的措施来保护文物，鼓励全国人民加入到这个伟大事业当中来。本段内容与上文存在因果关系，故应用therefore“因此”。besides“此外”；moreover“此外；而且”；however“然而”。
19．A．laws B．rules
C．words D．steps
答案：D 此处指进一步采取措施来保护文物。take steps to do sth．意为“采取措施/设法做某事”，符合语境。
20．A．encourage B．order
C．try D．force
答案：A 应该鼓励全社会加入到保护文物的行列中来。encourage sb． to do sth．意为“鼓励某人做事”，符合语境。
Ⅶ．语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network． It passed through thousands of cities and towns． It started from eastern China, __1__ Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea． It __2__ (use) from about 200 BC to about 1300 AD, __3__ sea travel offered new routes． It was sometimes called the world's longest highway．
However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path． __4__ passed through __5__ are now 18 countries． The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles． __6__ experienced traders could return safe．
The Silk Road got its name from its most __7__ (value) product． Silk could be used like money __8__ (pay) taxes __9__ buy goods． But the traders carried more than just silk． Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia． Trading __10__ the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web．
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods． They also shared their beliefs． The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy, and religion．
1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．______ 5．______
6．______ 7．______ 8．______ 9．______ 10．______
答案：文章大意：本文介绍丝绸之路的历史、途径及作用。
1．across 指“横过”中东和中亚，故填介词across。
2．was used 被使用。
3．when 引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语，先行词是about 1300 AD 。
4．They 替代the routes。
5．what 在介词through后，引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，故填连接代词what。
6．Only 根据前句，途中有很多危险，所以“只有”有经验的商人才能够安全返回。
7．valuable 在名词前作定语，用形容词。
8．to pay 表示目的用不定式。搭配：sth be used to do某物被用来做……。
9．or 表示选择，意为“或者”。
10．along 表示“沿”途。
【辽宁卷题型】
A：I 1 (see) a beautiful fish in the market the other day． It was orange and blue． I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday．
B：Where would you keep them?
A： 2 that round bottle over there．
B：It's a bit small, isn't it?
A： 3 are the fish．
B：I think you should get a tank 4 you want to keep fish．
A：Really?
B：Yes． You should never keep fish in a small round bottle． They don't get 5 air． I suggest we 6 (go) shopping together and look for a nice tank．
A：That 7 be quite expensive．
B：Check the prices before you buy 8 ． And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank． Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them．
A：Is there anything else 9 I ought to get?
B：Yes, you need to get some underwater plants． For one thing they keep the water clean． Also they make the tank look much __10__(pretty)．
1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．______ 5．______
6．______ 7．______ 8．______ 9．______ 10．______
答案：1．saw 2．In 3．So 4．if 5．enough 6．(should) go 7．might/may 8．one 9．that 10．prettier
课件141张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修2(十二省区) Cultural relicsUnit 1SectionⅠ Warming up & ReadingUnit 1Ⅰ．单词速记
1．culture(n．)文化；文明→________(adj．)文化的
2．________(adj．)罕见的；稀有的；珍贵的
→rarely(adv．)罕见地；很少地；稀少地
3．value(n．)价值(vt．)评价；估价；重视
→________(adj．)贵重的；有价值的
4．________(vi．)幸存；幸免；生还→________(n．)幸免；幸存；生还→survivor(n．)幸存者；生还者
5．_______ (vt．)使吃惊；惊讶→_________(adj．)令人吃惊的→amazed(adj．)感到吃惊的→amazement(n．)吃惊；惊讶cultural rare valuable survivesurvival amazeamazing6．________(vt．)挑选；选择→__________(n．)选择；挑选→selected(adj．)挑选出来的；精选的
7．________(vt．)设计；计划；构思(n．)设计；图案；构思→designer(n．)设计师；设计者；构思者
8．________(v．)装饰；装修→decoration(n．)装饰；装修
9．________(n．)珠宝；宝石→jewellery(n．)(总称)珠宝；首饰
10．art(n．)艺术；美术；艺术品→________(n．)艺术家
11．__________(vi．)属于；为……的一员
→belongings(n．)(复数)财产；所有物select selectiondesign decorate jewel artist belong 12．receive(vt．)接待；接收→_________(n．)接待；招待会；接收
13．wood(n．)木材；木头→________(adj．)木制的
14．________(n．)怀疑；疑惑(vt．)怀疑；不信→doubtful(adj．)可疑的；令人怀疑的；不确定的
15．________(adj．)以前的；从前的→________(反义词)较后的；(两者中)后者的
16．________(n．)价值；作用(prep．)值得的；相当于……的价值→worthless(adj．)无价值的；没用的→________ (adj．)值得……的；有价值的；值得尊敬的reception wooden doubt former latter worth worthy Ⅱ．短语互译
1．寻找 ________________
2．属于 ________________
3．in return ________________
4．serve as ________________
5．处于交战状态 ________________
6．少于 ________________
7．no doubt ________________
8．works of art ________________in search of
belong to
作为报答；作为回报
充当；担任
at war
less than
无疑；很可能
艺术品Ⅲ．完成句子
1．这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。
This gift was the Amber Room，______________________ _______________________________________．(which引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
2．它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。
It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels，which ___________________________________________．(take sb．some time to do sth．)3．1770年，这间(琥珀)屋按照她的要求完成了。
In 1770 the room was completed _____________________ _________________________．(the way＋定语从句)
4．这是在两国交战的时期。
____________the two countries were at war．(a time when)
5．毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海海边的一个城市。
____________________________the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea．(There be no doubt that．．．)
答案：
1．which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it
2．took the country's best artists about ten years to make
3．the way she wanted
4．This was a time when
5．There is no doubt thatⅣ．课文理解
Step 1 Fast Reading
Skim the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph．
Para． 1 A．The history of the Amber Room
Paras． 2、3 B．The rebuilding of the Amber Room
Para． 4 C．The introduction of the Amber Room
Para． 5 D．The missing of the Amber Room
Step 2 Careful Reading
Ⅰ．Choose the best answers according to the passage．
1． At first，the Amber Room was made ________．
A．as a gift from the King of Prussia to the Russian people
B．for the palace of Peter the Great
C．as a small reception hall for important visitors
D．for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ2．What did Peter the Great give Frederick William Ⅰ？
A．An Amber room． B．A beautiful palace．
C．Some big amber． D．An excellent troop．
3．The Russians didn't hide the Amber Room because ________．
A．they were at war
B．they couldn't find a place
C．the German soldiers arrived too soon
D．no train could take it away
4．The first Russian King to own the Amber Room was ______．
A．Frederick Ⅰ B．Frederick William Ⅰ
C．Peter the Great D．Catherine Ⅱ
5．From the last paragraph，we can infer that ________．
A．the Russians and Germans don't think the Amber Room will be found some day
B．a new Amber Room has been built in St Petersburg, Russia
C．both the Russians and Germans have built new Amber Rooms in their own countries
D．the city of St Petersburg was built in 17056．The author introduces the Amber Room in the order of ______．
A．space B．time
C．importance D．logic
答案：Step 1 Para． 1 C Paras． 2、3 A
Para． 4 D Para． 5 B
Step 2 1～6 DDCCBBⅡ．课文填空
(2014·宁波市高一期末)
The Amber Room was first designed as a palace for Frederick I． When first finished, it was in the f________(1) style and was d________(2) with gold and jewels． Then the next king of Prussia, Frederick William I, gave it to Peter the Great as a gift． In r________(3), he was given a troop of soldiers． The room s________(4) as a small reception hall at that time． After that, Catherine II, asked her artists to add more d________(5) to the Amber Room, which made it one of the w________(6) of the world． Later, the Amber Room b________(7) to Katherine was missing and it was said to have been stolen by German Nazi． However, what happened to the Amber Room remains a m________(8)． Recently, the Amber Room has been r________(9) by the artists by studying old photos of the former one． It was made to c________(10) the 300th birthday of the city of St Petersburg． 答案：
1．fancy 固定搭配in a fancy style用一种奇特的风格；名词style经常和介词in连用。
2．decorated 本句是被动语态。固定搭配decorate sth． with sth．用……装饰……。
3．return 固定搭配in return作为回报，后面可以接介词for形成in return for．．．作为……的回报。
4．served 固定搭配serve as．．．充当，担任；本句是指这个房间充当小的接待室。
5．details 名词detail细节，Catherine Ⅱ要求这些艺术家加入更多更详细的细节内容。
6．wonders 名词wonder奇观，奇迹；这让the Amber Room成为世界上的奇观之一。
7．belonging 考查分词作定语的用法，动词短语belong to属于，与前面的the Amber Room构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词作定语的用法。
8．mystery 名词mystery谜，无法理解的事物；发生在the Amber Room身上的事情仍然是一个谜，到现在人们也没有搞清楚。
9．rebuilt 动词rebuild重新建造；本句是一个被动语态的形式。
10．celebrate 动词celebrate庆祝，该词通常是指庆祝一些有纪念意义的日子。1．valuable adj．贵重的；有价值的
The necklace is attractive but not very valuable．
这条项链很吸引人但不是很值钱。
归纳拓展
(1)value n．价值 vt．珍视；重视；估价
be of great value＝be very valuable
(2)valueless adj．无价值的；不值钱的
(3)invaluable adj．极有用的；极宝贵的①The value of a book does not depend on its size．
一本书是否有价值并不取决于它的大小。
②I always value our friendship．
我一直珍视我们的友谊。
③The painting has been valued at ￡60, 000．
这张画被估价6万英镑。
④The dictionary is of great value to us in our study．
＝The dictionary is very valuable to us in our study．
这本字典对我们的学习很有价值(有用)。
名师点拨
be＋of(＋great)＋抽象名词＝be＋该抽象名词同根的形容词，如be of use/importance/help/interest/benefit＝be useful/ important/ helpful/interesting/beneficial
活学活用
句型转换。
①This piece of advice is important．
＝This piece of advice is ________．
语法填空。
②You'd better have the old vase ________(value) before you sell it．
答案：①of importance
②valued 考查句式结构。句意：在你把古花瓶卖掉之前最好找人估一下价。have sth． done意思是“让某人做某事”。
2．survive v．
(1)生存；存活；继续存在
①Camels can survive for many days with no water．
骆驼许多天不喝水还能生存。
②Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived．
140名乘客中只有12人生还。
(2)幸存；幸免于难；挺过；艰难度过
①Only a few houses survived the earthquake．
地震之后只有几所房子残存下来。
②Many birds didn't survive the severe winter．
很多鸟死于这次严冬。
(3)比(某人)长寿
Harry survived his wife by three months．
哈里比他妻子多活了3个月。归纳拓展
(1)survive sth． 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A survive B(by．．．) A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来；流传下来
(2)survivor n．幸存者
survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物巧学助记
串记survive家族
The little girl was the only survivor who survived the strong earthquake． She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was buried． I think her survival is a real wonder．
小女孩是这场大地震的唯一幸存者，她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存，我想她的幸存真的是一个奇迹。
活学活用
完成句子。
①依靠自己的知识他从洪水中幸免于难。
He________his knowledge________the floods．
②由于迟到，他逃过了这场空难(the air crash)。
He____________________because he was late．
③一周前去世的老夫人比她的丈夫多活了20年。
The old lady who died one week ago _______________．
答案：①survived on; from ②survived the air crash
③survived her husband by 20 years
3．amazing adj．令人吃惊的
Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history．
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
归纳拓展
The girl is watching soldiers raising the national flag at the Tian'anmen Square in amazement．
在天安门广场女孩正惊奇地观看士兵升起国旗。巧学助记
To his amazement, we were not amazed at his amazing achievements．
让他感到吃惊的是，他的令人吃惊的成绩却没有使得我们大为惊讶。
名师点拨
表示“令人……的”意义的形容词一般用-ing形式，主语多为物；而表示“感到……的”意义的形容词一般用-ed形式，主语多为人。活学活用
根据汉语提示写出类似的形容词。
①________有趣的→________感兴趣的
②________令人兴奋的→________激动的
③________令人吃惊的→________惊讶的
④________令人失望的→________失望的
⑤________令人担心的→________担心的
⑥________令人满意的→________满意的
选词填空(amaze/amazed/amazing/amazement)。 ⑦She stared at us in ________．
⑧What ________ us most was that Bolt could run in such an ________ speed．
⑨He felt ________ when hearing he won the Nobel Prize．
⑩Our spacecraft(航天器) connecting Tiangong-I space lab successfully is an ________ achievement．
答案：①interesting；interested ②exciting；excited
③surprising；surprised ④disappointing；disappointed
⑤worrying；worried ⑥satisfying；satisfied
⑦amazement ⑧amazed; amazing ⑨amazed ⑩amazing4．select vt．挑选；选择
①The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey．
选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。
②Come and help me select a Christmas tree for the coming Christmas day．
圣诞节即将到来，过来帮我选棵圣诞树吧。
③He was selected from the whole class as a volunteer to serve in the sports meeting．
他被从全班同学中选出来作为志愿者去为运动会服务。易混辨析
巧学助记不一样的“选择”
Mother spent a long time in selecting a few hats for Mary, out of which Mary chose the one she liked best．
母亲花了很长时间给玛丽挑选了几顶帽子，玛丽从中选了一顶她最喜欢的。
活学活用
选词填空(select/choose/elect)。
①Obama was ________ American president again in 2012．
②There are five pairs of shoes to ________from．
③He spent several hours on taobao． com searching and ________．
答案：①elected ②choose ③selecting
5．design
(1)n． 设计；图案；构思
①The magazine will appear in a new design from next month．
从下月起这本杂志将以新的设计问世。
②The new and original designs for gardens attracted the experts．
别具一格的新型花园设计方案引起了专家们的注意。
(2)vt． 设计；计划；构思
①Can anyone design a better timetable?
有人能定出更好的时间表吗？
②This weekend party was designed to bring the two musicians together．
这次周末聚会的用意是使两位音乐家见面。
①The course is designed for beginners．
这门课程是为初学者设计的。
②The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time．
这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。
活学活用
完成句子。
①你认为这起交通事故是意外呢，还是有意为之？
Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or __________________？
②这间房子是专为孩子们设计的。
This room ____________________ the children．
③这课程是为想出国的人员提供帮助而设计的。
This course of study __________________________ those who are wishing to go abroad．
答案：①by design ②was designed for ③is designed to help6．fancy
(1)adj． 奇特的；异样的
My new roommate has a lot of fancy clothes．
我的新室友有很多奇特的衣服。
(2)v． 想象；设想；爱好
①I don't fancy swimming in that river．
我不喜欢在那条河里游泳。
②I just can't fancy his doing such a thing．
我简直不能想象他会做出这种事来。
③Fancy working every day!
要想想，每天都得工作呀！
(3)n．想像(力)；想要；爱好
She said she wanted a dog, but it was only a passing fancy．
她说想要一条狗，但这不过是一时心血来潮。归纳拓展
(1)fancy sb．/sth． as/to be．．．认为……是……
fancy (sb．'s) doing sth． 想象(某人)做某事
fancy doing．．． 真想不到……(常用于祈使句)
fancy that 认为/以为……
(2)have a fancy for 爱好
catch/take sb．'s fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人
take a fancy to sb．/sth． 喜欢上某人/物活学活用
介词填空。
①I have a fancy ________ reading Mo Yan's novel．
②He seemed to have taken quite a fancy ________ her．
③She fancies herself ________ a singer but she doesn't have a very good voice．
语法填空。
④He usually appears to be honest． Who can fancy his______(do) such a thing!
答案：①for ②to ③as
④doing 考查fancy的用法。句意：他通常表现得诚实，谁能想象他会做这样一件事呢！fancy one's doing sth．想象某人做某事。
7．remove
(1)移开，拿开，去掉
Our office has removed to Shanghai from Beijing．
我们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。
(2)脱下(衣服等)
Come and remove your wet coat．
过来把你的湿上衣脱掉。
(3)去除；排除(污渍、不愉快的事物等)；使消失
The news removed any doubts about the company's future．
这个消息消除了一切有关公司未来的疑虑。
(4)免除；解除(职务等)
The officer must be removed(from his position)．
那个军官必须(从他的职位上)撤掉。巧学助记活学活用
用remove, move的适当形式填空。
①She________the painting to another wall．
②The man was________from the office for some reason．
③He rang all his friends as soon as he________in．
④She________her hat and coat．
语法填空。
⑤How did you________ink from the clothes?
答案：①moved ②removed ③moved ④removed
⑤remove remove ink from the clothes意为“把衣服上的墨迹去掉”。
8．doubt
(1)n． 疑惑；疑问；不确定；不相信
①There's some doubt about the best way to do it．
这件事怎么做才是最佳方法有点拿不准。
②I have no doubt that you will succeed．
我肯定你能成功。
(2)v．
①对……无把握；不能肯定；认为……未必可能
I doubt if that was what he wanted．
不知道那是不是他想要的。
②怀疑；不相信；不信任
I am not afraid of him, but I doubt him．
我不怕他，但我不信任他。
归纳拓展
(1)There's no doubt that/about/of．．．毫无疑问……
in doubt 怀疑，拿不定主意
no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地，必定，当然
(2)doubtful adj． 怀疑的活学活用
用适当的连词填空。
①We doubt ________ he is honest．
②I don't doubt ________ he will succeed in passing the exam．
③There is no doubt ________ more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays．
答案：①whether/if ②that ③that语法填空。
④(2012·江苏改编) There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, is ________？
答案：there 考查反意疑问句。little是否定词，所以附加疑问句要用肯定形式，本句的主语是there。
⑤I have no doubt in my mind ________ they will be glad to see me．
答案：that 句意：毫无疑问他们见到我会很高兴。have no doubt that．．．“毫无疑问……”。9．worth prep． 值得的；相当于……的价值
n．价值；作用 adj．[古]值钱的
①Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?
重建琥珀屋或北京的圆明园这些已经消失的文化古迹值得吗？
②You may not succeed, but it is worth a try．
你可能不会成功，但(这)值得一试。
③The new car cost me a large sum of money, but it was really worth it．
这辆新车花去了我一大笔钱，但却真的物有所值。归纳拓展
名师点拨
(1)worth不能用very修饰，但可用well或really修饰， 表示“很值得”。
This movie is well worth watching again．
这部电影很值得再看一次。
(2)be worth后面可接名词或动名词，但不能接不定式。接动名词时用主动形式表示被动意义。
He said that the picture was not worth buying．
他说这幅画不值得买。
活学活用
完成句子。
①这本小说很值得读。
This novel is ________________________．
②去之前预约一下是值得的。
____________________ making an appointment before you go．
答案：①well worth reading ②It's worth
语法填空。
③—What do you think of the book?
—Oh, excellent． It's worth ________(read) a second time．
答案：reading 句意为：——你认为这本书怎样？——哦，好极了。值得再看一次。be worth doing sth．“值得做某事”，为固定句型。10．decorate vt． 装饰；装修
We decorated the Christmas tree with lights．
我们用灯来装饰圣诞树。
名师点拨
decorate不接双宾语，而采用decorate sth． with sth．结构。
[译]墙上装饰有几幅画。
[误]Some pictures were decorated on the wall．
[正]The wall was decorated with some pictures．
归纳拓展
decoration n． [C]装饰品
decorator n． [C]油漆匠；装潢工
活学活用
用decorate的适当形式填空
①We ______________ our car with ribbon．
②She put some ________ on the Christmas tree．
答案：①decorated ②decorations
11．in search of寻找
①I looked everywhere in search of my glasses．
我到处找我的眼镜。
②He went to the south in search of a better job．
他去南方寻找更好的工作。
归纳拓展
(1)search前若有one's或the，后面的介词常用for，即in one's/the search for寻找……。
Many people joined them in the search for gold．
许多人加入到他们之中寻找金子。
(2)search sb．搜某人的身。
The police searched him to see if he had a gun．
警察搜了他的身，看看他是否带着枪。
(3)search (sb．/sth．) for sb．/sth．为了某人/某物而搜查(某人/某物)。
They searched the whole house for the map．
他们搜遍了整座房子找那张地图。
(4)search for 寻找(＝look for)。
The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth．
婴儿通过哭闹、用嘴寻找食物来引起注意。活学活用
完成句子。
(1)警察正在搜捕这个抢劫犯。
The police are __________________ the robber．
(2)他们立刻启程去寻找这个丢失的女孩。
They started off at once ________ the missing girl．
(3)警察对这个抢劫犯进行了搜身。
The police ________ the robber．
答案：(1)searching for/in search of/in their search for (2)in search of/in their search for (3)searched12．belong to 属于
①However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it．
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
②There are all kinds of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors!
从女王、总统到流行歌星、演员等，这儿都有属于他们的鞋子和靴子！名师点拨
(1)belong to表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”。
(2)belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，如in, on, among, under, with等，表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适/有用”。
(3)belong to既不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。to是介词，后接名词或代词作宾语。
I did not belong among these people．
我同这些人格格不入。
活学活用
完成句子。
①This chair ____________ the living room．
这把椅子适合放在起居室里。
②China is a country which ____________ the developing countries．
中国属于发展中国家。
③She ____________ the tennis club．
她是网球俱乐部成员。
④The black car ____________．
那辆黑色小汽车是他的。
答案：①belongs in ②belongs to ③belongs to ④belongs to him
语法填空。
⑤The chairs and desks in the classroom belong________ our school．
答案：to 句意：教室里的椅子和书桌都是属于我们学校的。belong to “属于”，表示状态，不能用于进行时和被动语态。
13．in return作为报答；作为回报
①He is always helping people without expecting anything in return．
他一向不求任何回报地帮助他人。
②You gave me your watch and in return I gave you my book．
你把手表给我了，作为回报，我把书送给你。
归纳拓展
(1)in return for 作为对……的回报
I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness．
为了报答他的好心，我请他吃了晚饭。
(2)in turn
①依次；逐个
The girls called out their names in turn．
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
②轮流地；交替地
Sam and I rode the bike in turn．
我和萨姆轮着骑自行车。
③相应地；转而
Increased production will, in turn lead to increased profits．
增加生产会继而增加利润。活学活用
语法填空。
①(2014·浙江，10改编)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________return．
答案：in 句意：在村子里呆着的时候，詹姆斯不要任何回报无私地跟村民们共享他拥有的东西。in return作为回报。由关键信息unselfishly share和without asking for anything可知，此处表示“不要任何回报”。
②(2010·江西改编)We give enough time, space and love we can spare, and______return, dogs give us their all．
答案：in 句意：我们把能给予的时间、空间和爱都花在了狗身上。作为回报，狗也向我们奉献出一切。in return“作为回报”。
③A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which________turn will promote its economic development．
答案：in 句意：清洁的环境有助于一个城市申办奥运会；继而促进当地的经济发展。in turn表示“(＝as a result of sth．in series of events)相应地；转而”。
④People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this______turn creates further problems．
答案：in 句意：人们试图使用私家车来避免公共交通延迟，但这又相应地产生了更深层次的问题。 in turn表示“(＝as a result of sth． in series of events)相应地；转而”。
14．serve as充当；担任(＝work as/act as)
①The general had served as a soldier in the earlier wars．
在早期的战争中，这位将军曾当过士兵。
②The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two．
沙发可以当床凑合一两夜。
③The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others．
法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。
活学活用
语法填空。
We went to Canada to travel and my cousin served________ our guide．
答案：as serve as“担当，充当，担任”，固定短语。句意为：我们去加拿大旅行，我的表弟担当我们的导游。
15．at war处于交战状态
归纳拓展
介词at意为“处于……的状态”；常见的表达：
at peace 处于和平状态
at rest 静止
at breakfast 在吃早饭
at table 在吃饭
at work 在工作
at play 在玩耍
at school 在上学
at sea 在航海
at church 正在做礼拜
活学活用
语法填空。
There was______time when the two countries were ________war．
答案：a；at There was a time when．．．“曾经有一段时间……”；at war“交战”，是固定词组。16．less than少于
Why are you late? It's less_than 10 minutes' walk from your home to the school．
你为什么迟到？从你家到学校只有步行不到10分钟的路程。
归纳拓展
more than多于；不仅仅
other than除了
rather than而不是易混辨析
活学活用
语法填空。
①I used to earn ________(little) than a pound a week when I first started to work．
答案：less 句意为：最初我开始工作的时候，一周的收入不到一英镑。less是little的比较级，less than“少于”。
②—Anything to drink? What about coffee?
—Er．．． I think I'll have a cold drink ________than coffee．
答案：rather 句意为：——喝点什么？咖啡怎么样？——呃……我想我要喝一杯冷饮而不是咖啡。rather than“而不是”。17．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history．
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼竟会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
句式分析
(1)本句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是Frederick William I，其后的the King of Prussia作主语的同位语。could never have imagined是主句的谓语，其结构是“情态动词＋have done”，表示对过去情况的推测、批评、反悔等。that引导宾语从句，充当imagine的宾语。to the Russian people是介词短语作定语，修饰从句主语gift。
(2)could never/not have done表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。
Last night he was doing homework together with me． He couldn't have gone to the cinema．
昨晚他和我一起做作业。他不可能去看电影。
归纳拓展
must have done表示对过去情况肯定性的推测，“过去一定做过某事”。
should/ought to have done表示“过去本来应该做某事”，而实际上没有做。
shouldn't have done表示“过去本来不应该做某事”，而实际上做了。
needn't have done表示“过去本来不必做某事”，但事实上已做过了。
could have done表示“过去本来能够做某事”，但事实上却没做。
You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house．
你本来不必打车来这里的，因为那里离我家很近。
活学活用
完成句子。
①昨晚一定下过雨了，因为道路很泥泞。
It __________________ last night, for the road was quite muddy．
②你本该早些告诉我，现在我们怎么办？
You _____________ me earlier． What shall we do now?
③当时时间充足，我们本不必那么匆忙的。
There was plenty of time． We __________________．
④史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。
Mr． Smith ____________________ to Beijing, for I saw him just now．
⑤他本来可以逃走的，但他选择留下来战斗。
He ____________________， but he chose to stand and fight．语法填空。
⑥(2014·陕西，25改编)My book, The House of Hades, is missing． Who ________ have taken it?
答案：①must have rained ②should have told
③needn't have hurried ④can't have gone ⑤could have escaped
⑥could 本题考查“情态动词＋have done”的用法。句意：我的书《哈迪斯之屋》不见了。会是谁把它拿走了呢？根据句意可知，这是对过去情况的推测，而且该句是疑问句，所以用could。
18．This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it．
这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。句式分析
(1)
(2)在because引导的原因状语从句中，由于不可数名词amber前面使用了量词“ton”的复数形式，故其谓语动词使用了were 。活学活用
仿写句子。
①这就是大衣哥(Overcoat Brother)，他之所以有这个名字是因为他在唱歌时(when singing)总是穿着(wear)一件大衣。
_________________________________________________
②自从上个月以来，已经用光了数百万吨的煤。
_________________________________________________
答案：①This is Overcoat Brother, who is given this name because he is always wearing an overcoat when singing．
②Millions of tons of coal have been used up since last month．
19．Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers．
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
句式分析
(1)本句是主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a palace；outside St Petersburg是介词短语作后置定语，修饰a palace。
①This is the place where I hid the key．
这是我藏钥匙的地方。
②China is a country with a long history．
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
(2)have sth． done 使某事被做；让别人做某事
①I want to have my bicycle repaired．
我想找人修理我的自行车。
②The boy had his clothes washed．
这个男孩让别人给他洗衣服。
注意：have sth． done还可以表示“遭遇(不幸)”。
She had her bike stolen．
她的自行车被偷了。
归纳拓展
(1)have＋宾语＋现在分词
①使……持续发生或进行
She had us laughing all through the meal．
她使我们在吃饭期间笑个不停。
②表示预期的目标
Don't worry about your legs． We'll soon have you walking．
别为你的腿担忧。我们将很快让你能够行走。
③表示不愿引起的后果
You would have everyone laughing at you if you did such a thing．
如果你做了这样的一件事情，人们会嘲笑你的。
④(与won't/can't连用) 表示不能容忍
George, I won't have you shouting at me that way!
乔治，我不允许你那样对我大吵大叫！(2)have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式 让某人做某事
①I have my children clean the house before you arrive．
在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。(主动的动作，已经发生)
②We'll have Alice attend that meeting with him．
我们将让艾丽斯与他一起参加那个会议。(主动的动作，尚未发生)
③Our manager won't have us criticize his work．
我们经理不许我们批评他的工作。(主动的动作，无时间概念)
活学活用
语法填空。
①With the world changing fast, we have something new ________(deal) with all by ourselves every day．
答案：to deal 考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上to deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰something new。
②We had an anxious couple of weeks________(wait) for the results of the experiment．
答案：waiting 句意：我们在焦虑不安中度过了几周的时间，等待实验结果。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动作同时发生的主动动作。
③—Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?
—Just a minute． I'll have Bob________(show) you to your room．
答案：show 句意：——打扰一下，先生，301房间在哪儿？——请稍等一会儿。我让鲍勃带你去房间。本题考查“have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式”句式，表示“让某人做某事”。
④Jenny hopes that Mr． Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English______(improve)in a short period．
答案：improved 句意：珍妮希望史密斯先生提出一个短期内能使其书面英语水平得到提高的好方法。本题考查“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构。名词her written English与动作improve之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
20．In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted．
1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。
句式分析
(1)这是一个主从复合句；定语从句she wanted修饰先行词way，其前省略了连接词that/in which。
(2)句中the way作状语，其前省略了in；含有way的短语，如in the same way, in this/that way, in another way等用于句末时，in常省略。
①Not all students make the mistake in the same way．
并不是所有的学生都是以同种方式犯这种错误。
②I like the way(in which/that) the teacher gives his lessons．
我喜欢那位老师授课的方式。名师点拨
当先行词是way(方式)时，引导词的使用有两种情况：
①若引导词在从句中作状语，可用that/in which或省略。
②若引导词在从句中作主语、宾语，可用that/which引导，有时也可省略(作宾语时)。
活学活用
用定语从句完成句子。
①游泳是健体强身的最好办法。
Swimming is the best way ________________．
②我不喜欢他那样看着我。
I don't like the way ________________________．
答案：①that can build up your body
②(that/in which) he looks at me
21．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery．
从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
句式分析
(1)本句为主从复合句。what happened to the Amber Room是一个由what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中充当主语。
What he has said is of great importance．
他所说的十分重要。
(2)remain用作连系动词时，其后可以跟名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式和介词短语作表语。
Tom became a judge while he remained a fisherman．
汤姆变成一个法官，然而他依然是个渔夫。
活学活用
完成句子。
①____________________was a rumor．
网上所流传的是个谣言。
②___________the old man last night _____________．
昨天晚上那个老人发生了什么仍没人知道。
语法填空。
③What caused the accident and who was responsible for it ________(remain) a mystery．
④________ caused the car accident is still a complete mystery．
答案：①What spread on the Internet ②What happened to; remained unknown
③remain 句意：是什么导致了这场事故，谁将为这场事故负责仍然是个谜。remain作为系动词，无被动语态，题干中的主语由两部分构成，故应用复数。
④What 句意：引起车祸的原因还完全是一个谜。what引导主语从句，相当于the thing that, what在从句中作主语。
Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空
1．All the residents (居民) except one girl ________ the collapse of the building．(survive)
2．Heavy rain is ________ seen in this area． (rare)
3．I feel that that period in my life was extremely ________．(value)
4．All the audience were ________ at his ________ experience． (amaze)
5．Who is the ________ of the CCTV building？(design)
6．Many hotels' architecture adopted the Tibetan style but was ________ inside with modern equipment． (decorate)
7．China is a country ________ to the third world． (belong)
8．Honored guests were ________ in the magnificent ________ hall． (receive)
9．He loved ________ and became an ________ in the end． (art)
10．Have you read ________ works of Lu Xun? (select)
答案：1．survived 2．rarely 3．valuable 4．amazed；amazing 5．designer 6．decorated 7．belonging 8．received; reception 9．art；artist 10．selected
Ⅱ．选短语填空(注意用适当形式)
belong to，be designed for， less than，in search of， serve as，be at war，be decorated with，in return
1．At night the coat ________ his bedclothes．
2．I noticed that almost every house ________ lights on Christmas Eve．
3．I am here ________ one of my old friends．
4．The policeman wondered whom the car ________．
5．Do something for somebody without expecting anything ________．
6．The library assistant explained that the book ________ ________ English beginners．
7．Britain and Germany ________ at that time．
8．________ twenty people attend his wedding party．
答案：1．served as 2．was decorated with 3．in search of 4．belonged to 5．in return 6．was designed for 7．were at war 8．Less than
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(毫无疑问)he will be successful． (doubt)
2．I have never ________ ________ ________(想到会见到你) in such bad weather． (fancy)
3．You ________ ________ ________(不可能见到) Mr Liu in the market this morning, for he went to Shanghai yesterday afternoon． (could)
4．This plan ________ ________ ________(值得试一试)． (worth)
5．This book ________ ________ ________(为……而设计) college students． (design)
答案：1． There is no doubt that 2．fancied meeting you
3．couldn't have met 4．is worth trying 5．is designed for
Ⅳ．语法单句填空
1．Every experience is ________great value, and you should value it．
答案：of 句意：每一次经历都是很有价值的，你应该重视它。of great value相当于very valuable。
2．He has given me so much help that I really want to do some for him ________return．
答案：in 句意：他给了我很多帮助，以至于我真的想为他做些事作为报答。in return作为回报，符合语境。3．(2013·辽宁高考改编)________behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country．
答案：On 句意：我代表这里所有的人祝你回国旅途愉快。on behalf of“代表”。
4．—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere．
—Well． He ________ have gone far—his coat is still here．
答案：can't/couldn't 考查情态动词。根据语境“他的外套还在这儿”可以判断“他不可能走远”。can't相当于couldn't，表示推断，后者更委婉。5．The ________(amaze) expression on her face suggested she was ________(amaze) when she heard the news．
答案：amazed；amazed 考查amaze的用法。句意：她脸上惊讶的表情表明当她听到这个消息的时候是惊讶的。修饰人的表情常用动词-ed形式的形容词，而修饰人时也常用-ed形式，表示“感到……的”。
6．There is no doubt ________ he will finish the task in time．
答案：that 考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问他会及时完成这项任务。There is no doubt that．．．毫无疑问。7．All the streets ________(decorate) with flowers and red flags to celebrate the National Day．
答案：were decorated 句意：所有的街道都用鲜花和红旗装饰起来庆祝国庆节。be decorated with用……装饰。
8．The chess club ________ I belong has decided to send me to South Korea to take part in a friendly competition．
答案：to which 考查定语从句。句意：我所属的国际象棋俱乐部决定派我到韩国参加友谊赛。该句由“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，belong to是固定搭配，表示“属于”。
9．It is said that the software(软件) on learning subjects for pupils ________(design) in a very practical way．
答案：is designed 考查design的时态和语态。句意：据说，这款小学生的学习软件是以一种非常实用的方式设计的。根据句意design应该使用被动语态；由句子的主语the software可知design应该使用第三人称单数。
10．________ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift．
答案：What 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：很明显，正确的做法是给所有的孩子平等的机会来发展他们的特殊才能。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。Unit 1 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ．选用合适的关系词填空
1．Is this the house ________ you were born in thirty years ago?
2．That ginkgo tree (银杏树), ________ branches are almost bare, is very old．
3．The opera singers are taking a break on the subway train, ________ they are giving an attractive performance．
4．They spent last summer holiday in Guangzhou, ________ they learnt a lot．
5．Israeli(以色列的) air force held air show the other day, ________ was wonderful．
6．He couldn't give us the reason ________ he was absent from the meeting．
7．________ can be seen from his face, he must have been outside for a long time．
答案：1．which/that 2．whose 3．where 4．where
5．which 6．why/for which 7．As
Ⅱ．语法单句填空
1．The man answered the phone in a loud voice at the meeting, ________ made Andy annoyed．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：这个人在会议上大声接电话，这使得安迪很烦。本句用which引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容。
2．(2014·四川，4改编)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected．
答案：which 本题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：直到现在，我们已经为那些可怜的孩子筹集了50,000英镑，这很出乎意料。分析结构可知，句子中间是逗号，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
3．We need water and air, without________we can't live．
答案：which 句意：我们需要水和空气，没有水和空气我们不能生存。本题考查“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句，本题先行词是water and air，故用which。
4．People ________ work in big companies usually like to eat in the fast food restaurants, ________ eating doesn't take much time．
答案：who/that; where 句意：在大公司工作的人通常喜欢在快餐店吃饭，在那里吃饭不会用太多的时间。第一个空引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，其先行词为People，故应用who或that引导；第二个空为非限制性定语从句的引导词，在从句中作状语，其先行词为the fast food restaurants，故应用where引导。
5．The school ________ Mr． Smith teaches is a world-famous one, ________ was set up 100 years ago．
答案：where/in which；which 考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生教学的那所学校是一所世界著名的学校，它建立于100年前。本题考查的两个空都是定语从句引导词，第一个是限制性定语从句，先行词是The school，在从句Mr． Smith teaches中作地点状语，故用where/in which；第二个是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a world-famous one，在从句中作主语，故用which。
6．He was educated at a famous university, after________ he went abroad and settled there．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：他在一所著名的大学接受教育，在那之后，他出国并在那里定居了。
7．The factory ________ we'll visit next week is not far from here．
答案：which/that 考查定语从句。句意：下周我们将参观的工厂离这儿不远。先行词是The factory，在定语从句we'll visit next week中作visit的宾语，故用which或that。
8．Our neighbor offered to look after our baby while we were away, ________ was very kind of her．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：我们的邻居主动提出当我们离开的时候照顾我们的孩子，她这样做真是太好了。由句意可知用which引导此定语从句，指代主句内容。
9．Yao Ming and Liu Xiang, ________ many of us know, are from Shanghai．
答案：as 考查定语从句。句意：正如我们都知道的那样，姚明和刘翔来自上海。as引导的定语从句指代整个主句内容，as在从句中作know的宾语，结合句意可知所填空的意义为“正如”，故填as。
10．The company was willing to provide us with what we needed, ________ made us excited．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：这家公司乐意提供给我们所需要的东西，这使得我们兴奋。本句定语从句指代前面整句话的内容，所填空的意义为“这一点”。
11．Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village．
答案：whose 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：许多父母远在大城市工作的孩子们在村子里被照顾得很好。先行词是Many children，在定语从句parents are away working in big cities中作parents的定语，故用whose。
12．Soon children in the camp had many friends, with________ they shared food, stories and projects．
答案：whom 考查定语从句。句意：不久，营地里的孩子们就有了许多朋友，他们分享食物、故事和项目。先行词是many friends，故关系代词用whom。
13．She heard a terrible noise, ________ brought her heart into her mouth．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：她听到一个可怕的声音，这个声音把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。先行词是a terrible noise，在从句中作主语，故填which。
14．His best movie, ________ won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi．
答案：which 考查定语从句。句意：他最好的电影是关于甘地的生活的，那部电影赢得了多个奖项。先行词是His best movie，在从句中作主语，故填which。
15．The capsule beds(胶囊床), ________ designers prepare them for those travellers ________ don't have much money, look small but beautiful．
答案：whose；who/that 考查关系词的选择。句意：胶囊床看起来小而漂亮，设计者们是为那些收入不高的旅行者准备的。由句意及句子结构可知，关系词whose修饰名词designers并引导从句，而第二个从句中缺少引导词及主语，先行词为人，故填who/that。
Ⅲ．单句改错
1．He lived in London for 3 months, during that time he learned some English．________
2．He said the work would be done by October, that made us surprised．________
3．Let's put off the meeting until next week, then we will have time．________
4．The man, that lives next to us, is my English teacher．________
5．She heard a terrible noise, and which brought her heart into her mouth．________
答案：
1．that→which 定语从句中，介词后的关系代词指物时只能用which。
2．that→which 由主从句间的逗号判断，从句为非限制性定语从句，故只能用which不能用that。
3．then→when then是副词，不能用来引导定语从句。该非限制性定语从句缺少时间状语，用关系副词when。
4．that→who 非限制性定语从句中，关系代词指人且作主语时用who。
5．which→it或去掉and and是并列连词，连接两个并列句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句，在从句中指代前半句话。
Ⅳ．阅读理解
A
(2014·南昌三中高一期末)
Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty (1600 BC - 1046 BC)． The capital served 255 years for 12 kings． It shows the golden age of early Chinese culture, crafts and science, a time of great prosperity (繁荣) during the Chinese Bronze Age (青铜时代)．
Discovered in 1899, Yinxu is one of the oldest and largest archeological sites (考古遗址) in China and is one of the historical capitals of China and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site． It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu． It is famous as the source of oracle bone script (甲骨文), the earliest recorded form of Chinese writing． The oracle bone script has recorded almost everything from dream-explaining to events such as harvests, birth of a child, the weather and the success of military campaigns．
Over 3,000 tombs, 2,200 pits, and 200 houses have been dug out at Yinxu． The large number of burial accessories found there shows the high level of the Shang crafts industry．
The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb． Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out．
Yinxu has seen many years of research, first researched by the Academia Sinica in the late 1920s to the early 1930s and most recently by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences．
文章大意：本文主要介绍了世界文化遗产殷墟的一些情况。对于殷墟的历史以及挖掘情况进行了详细的阐述。
1．During which period may Yin have been the capital of Shang Dynasty?
A．1600 BC-1500 BC B．1500 BC-1200 BC
C．1200 BC-1050 BC D．1050 BC-850 BC
答案：C 细节理解题。根据Yinxu (Ruins of Yin) is the ruins of the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty (1600 BC-1046 BC)． The capital served 255 years for 12 kings．故选C。
2．From the passage, we can know that Yinxu ________．
A．was discovered in the 1920s
B．can be visited by the public
C．now proved the failure of the Shang Dynasty
D．was the last capital of China's Shang Dynasty
答案：B 细节理解题。根据It lies in central Henan Province, near the modern city of Anyang, and is open to the public as the Garden Museum of Yinxu．可知殷墟可以被公众参观，故选B。
3．We can infer from the passage that ________．
A．there are 200 houses in Yinxu
B．many things are still to be dug out
C．Anyang is a city of the Shang Dynasty
D．no research has been carried out on Yinxu
答案：B 细节理解题。根据The site includes a main palace and an ancient tomb． Besides, there are a number of large buildings, at least 53 of which have been dug out．可推断出许多东西还将被挖掘，故选B。
B
(2014·南昌三中高一期末)
Zoos have been around for centuries and they've changed a lot over the years． In the Middle Ages, wealthy people kept animals in their gardens． Public animal parks appeared in European cities in the late 1700s and early 1800s． The Philadelphia Zoo, the first in the United States, opened in 1874．
Until a few decades (十年) ago, most zoos were organized by creatures—monkeys in one area, cats in another, birds somewhere else, just like museum collections． In recent years, zoos have instead begun grouping animals that would normally interact (互相作用) in the wild． Moreover, instead of closing animals behind bars, designers are creating landscapes like the environments in which these creatures would naturally be found． Nearby signs provide information about the animals and their habitats in parts of the world where they normally live．
The Denver Zoo's new Predator Ridge exhibit, for example, aims to teach visitors about Africa．Eight acres of land provide homes for 14 animal species, including lions, porcupines, cranes, and wild dogs． Plants from the_region grow alongside African-like landform. Ten-foot-tall mounds (土墩) give lions a place from which to survey their surroundings, just as they would do in the wild．
Landscape design makes visitors to the Denver Zoo's Predator Ridge exhibit feel like they're really in Africa．
Animals in Predator Ridge can't actually be mixed with one another, for safety reasons． But hidden deep channels and other smart features allow visitors to see all the animals at once． Different species can see each other too．
文章大意：本文主要讲了随着时间的推移，动物园发生了很大的变化。由早期的仅仅存在于富人的公园到现在的野生动物园。
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Protection of zoo animals． B．Changes of zoos over the time．
C．The safety problem of zoos． D．The living habits of zoo animals．
答案：B 主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了随着时间的发展，动物园的变化，故选B。
5．In the Denver Zoo ten-foot-tall mounds are built to ________．
A．protect the safety of visitors B．separate lions from other animals
C．create a natural environment for lions D．offer visitors a better view of lions
答案：C 细节理解题。根据Ten-foot-tall mounds (土墩) give lions a place from which to survey their surroundings, just as they would do in the wild．可知Denver动物园，建造10英尺高的土墩是为了为狮子创造一个自然的环境，故选C。
6．The underlined part “the region” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to ________．
A．Africa B．the Predator Ridge exhibit
C．the Denver Zoo D．the ten-foot-tall mounds
答案：A 细节理解题。根据The Denver Zoo's new Predator Ridge exhibit, for example, aims to teach visitors about Africa．可知“the region”指非洲，故选A。
7．We can learn from the passage that ________．
A．the earliest zoos were probably rich people's gardens
B．the Philadelphia Zoo is the first zoo in the world
C．the new Predator Ridge exhibit is held in Africa
D．more animals will be kept in zoos in the future
答案：A 推理判断题。根据In the Middle Ages, wealthy people kept animals in their gardens．可知最早的动物园可能是富人公园，故选A。
Ⅴ．短文改错
(2014·宁大附中高一上期中)
One day, while my friend and I was traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money． We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat． We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree． We thought the biscuits were great． “Let's got some more，” I said, “They're cheap and they really taste well．” My friend could read some German, but I couldn't, but I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name． She looked it and started to laugh, “How are you laughing？” I asked．“Because they're dog biscuits！” she said．
答案：
One day, while my friend and I traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money． We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat． We the cheapest biscuits and ate under a tree． We thought the biscuits were great． “Let's some more，” I said, “They're cheap and they really taste ．” My friend could read some German, but I couldn't, I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name． She looked it and started to laugh, “ are you laughing？” I asked． “Because they're dog biscuits！” she said．
课件38张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修2(十二省区) Cultural relicsUnit 1Section Ⅱ Learning about Language Unit 1限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 用关系词(which/whom/when/where)完成下列句子，并判断它们是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。
①This gift was the Amber Room, ________ was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it．
②The amber ________ was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey．
③It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, ________ took the country's best artists about ten years to make．
④Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg ________ she spent her summers．
⑤This was a time ________ the two countries were at war．
结论：限制性定语从句：_______________________
非限制性定语从句：_______________________
答案：①which ②which ③which ④where ⑤when
结论：②④⑤；①③一、定语从句的种类
定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。
二、定语从句的定义
1．限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。
This is the MP4 that/which I bought for my daughter yesterday．
这是我昨天为女儿买的MP4。
2．非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时，大多用逗号与主句分开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。
He passed the exam, which surprised his parents．
他通过了考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．作用不同
限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附加、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略。省略后主句的意思仍然完整。
Her sister who teaches us English will go abroad next year．
她教我们英语的姐姐明年将出国。(限制性定语从句，意思是她可能还有别的姐姐。)
Her sister, who teaches us English, will go abroad next year．
她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。(非限制性定语从句，对先行词her sister 起到补充说明的作用，言外之意：她只有一个姐姐。)
2．形式不同
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。
Mr． Smith, who came to see me yesterday, is one of my best friends．
昨天来看我的史密斯先生是我的一位好朋友。(非限制性定语从句)
Here is the man that you want to see．
这就是你想见的那个人。(限制性定语从句)3．先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。
This is the best novel that I have ever read．
这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(先行词是novel)
The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting．
这是我昨天晚上看过的小说，非常有意思。(先行词为novel)
The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad．
这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。(先行词为“The novel is very interesting”)4．关系词的使用情况有所不同
The house (that/which)I bought last month has got a beautiful garden．
我上个月买的那幢房子有一个漂亮的花园。
Can you tell me the reason why he was absent yesterday?
你能告诉我他昨天缺席的原因吗？
This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about．
这就是我们正谈论的那个人。
[重点提示]
在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词可用who，that或whom，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。5．翻译不同
含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。
Our school has two foreign teachers, both of whom are from America．
我们学校有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreigner who comes from America teaches us English．
来自美国的那位外教我们英语。
四、which与as引导的非限制性定语从句
1．as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的相同点：as与which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。当非限制性定语从句位于句末且as或which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。
He married her, which/as was natural． (作主语)
他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。
He is an old kind farmer, which/as anybody can see．
任何人都能看得出来，他是一位善良的老农。(作宾语)
2．as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的不同点：
As is known to all, Diaoyu Island belongs to China．
众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。
A ship named “Dexinhai” was kidnapped by Somalia pirates last year, as was reported on TV．
据电视报道，去年“德新海”号货轮被索马里海盗劫持。
[重点提示]
(1)as还常用在一些固定结构中，如as we know/as is known to all(众所周知)，as we all can see (正如我们大家都能看到的那样)，as is often the case (情况常常是这样)，as might be imagined (可以想象得到)，as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)，as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)，as has been said before/above (正如前文所述)，as (it) often happens(像往常一样)。
(2)当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。
The car, which we saw on the playground yesterday, is Mike's．
我们昨天在操场上见到的那辆车是迈克的。
活学活用
Ⅰ．语法单句填空
1．________ is known to us all, April 14, 2010 was the day ________ Yushu earthquake happened．
答案：As; when 第一空为非限制性定语从句，放在主句之前，只能用as引导；第二空替代先行词the day，在定语从句中作状语，故应用when。
2．Alice received an invitation from her boss, ________ came as a surprise．
答案：which 分析句子结构可知，后半句为非限制性定语从句，which可引导非限制性定语从句，在这里指代主句的内容。3．I feel so grateful for your selfless help, without________ I would not have become ________ I am today．
答案：which；what 句意：我非常感激你的无私帮助， 要不我就不会像今天这样。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指主句内容；what引导表语从句，在从句中作表语。
4．Nowadays, when people talk about magicians, the first one ________ comes into their mind is Liu Qian．
答案：that/who 句意：现在每当人们谈起魔术师时，他们第一个想到的就是刘谦。先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此填that/who。5．Watch out! Don't get close to the building ________ walls are being painted．
答案：whose 由句意和分析句子结构可知从句中缺少定语修饰walls，故填whose。
6．I've read all the books ________ I borrowed from the library．
答案：that 句意：我已读了我从图书馆借的所有的书。分析句子结构，从空格处起至句末是定语从句，由于先行词the books受到不定代词all修饰，故应用that。
7．Mr． Smith is one of the foreign experts who ________ (be)working in China．
答案：are who引导定语从句，先行词the foreign experts在从句中作主语，故从句谓语动词用复数。
8．We are really interested in the way ________ the painter has painted the painting．
答案：that/in which 当way(方式)作先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that/in which。
9．The boy finally went to Beijing University, ________ made his parents happy．
答案：which 考查关系词的选择。句意：这个男孩最终上了北京大学，这使得他的父母很高兴。which在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句。
10．Having wandered for many years, he went back to the place ________he was born．
答案：where 句意：漂泊了多年之后，他回到了他出生的地方。the place为定语从句的先行词，从句中不缺主语或宾语，故用where在从句中作地点状语。11．He made a dress using thousands of roses for his wife's birthday，________， of course, gave her a great surprise．
答案：which 考查关系词的选择。句意：他为妻子的生日用数千朵玫瑰做了一条裙子，当然，这给了她一个大大的惊喜。which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容。
12．The famous actor became successful, ________ began to appear on the stage to make a living at the age of 8．
答案：who 考查引导定语从句的关系词。句意：那位在八岁时为了谋生开始登台演出的著名演员成功了。定语从句缺主语，who引导定语从句且在从句中作主语。13．They are all interested in the newly-built apartments along the river, yet none of________ really want to buy them．
答案：whom 考查定语从句。句意：他们都对新建的沿河公寓感兴趣，然而他们中没有一个人真想买。句中yet虽有转折之意，但是不能连接句子。所以此处为定语从句，且先行词为they，指人，故用whom。
14．—Is this the magazine ________ she often writes articles?
—Yes, it is．
答案：for which 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时介词的选择。问句句意：这是她经常为之写文章的杂志吗？表示“为……撰稿/写文章”应用write articles for．．．。
15．The car，________ designers prepare it for those travellers ________ like to travel across some rough areas, looks strong and cool．
答案：whose; who/that 考查关系词的选择。句意：这车看起来结实并且外形很酷，它的设计者们是为那些喜欢到地面不平的地方旅行的旅行者准备的。由句意及句子结构可知，关系词whose修饰名词designers并引导从句，而第二个从句中缺少作从句主语的引导词，先行词为人，故填that或who。Ⅱ．句型转换
1．There lives an old man near the school, the son of whom is working abroad．
→There lives an old man near the school, ________ ________is working abroad．
→There lives an old man near the school, ________ ________ ________ ________is working abroad．
2．This is the house where they spent their childhood．
→This is the house ________ ________ they spent their childhood．
3．That tree, whose branches are almost bare, is very old．
→That tree, ________ ________ ________ ________are almost bare, is very old．
→That tree, ________ ________ ________ ________are almost bare, is very old．
4．He didn't give us the reason why he was absent from the meeting．
→He didn't give us the reason ________ ________ he was absent from the meeting．
5．I'll never forget the day when we had class together．
→I'll never forget the day ________ ________ we had class together．
答案：1．whose son; of whom the son 2．in which 3．of which the branches; the branches of which 4．for which 5．on whichUnit 1 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool ________(偷偷地)．
2．The floor was made of ________(木)blocks．
3．There are ________(证据)that somebody has been living here．
4．The building was ________(修饰) with flags．
5．The bomb was timed to ______(爆炸)during the rush-hour．
6．There is no ________(证据)of his being guilty．
7．She will be waiting for you at half past seven at the ______(入口)to the cinema．
8．An ________(非正式)dance was arranged to give members an opportunity to get known．
9．There was much lively ________(辩论)about whether women should spend more time at home．
10．They are both experienced ________(海员)． Most of the year, they are on the sea．
答案：
1．secretly 这孩子偷偷摸摸地溜出了屋子， 走向游泳池。
2．wooden 地板是用木块拼成的。
3．evidences 有迹象显示有人一直住在这里。
4．decorated 这座建筑物有旗子作装饰。
5．explode 炸弹选在人最多时爆炸。
6．evidence 没有他有罪的证据。
7．entrance 她将在七点半在电影院入口处等你。
8．informal 为了让成员们有机会相识而安排了一场非正式舞会。
9．debate 人们对于妇女是否应多点时间呆在家里进行了激烈的辩论。
10．sailors 他们两人都是有经验的海员。他们常年出海。
Ⅱ．语法单句填空
1．There is something wrong with the computer, so he is trying to take it________ and repair it．
答案：apart 考查动词短语。句意：电脑坏了，他正在试图把它拆开进行修理。take apart“拆开”。
2．This kind of new machine is ________trial before they are put into the market．
答案：on 考查名词词义辨析。句意：投入市场之前，这种新机器处于试验中。be on trial“在试验中”与句意相符。
3．Jim said there was no clear evidence ________ they meant to mislead investors．
答案：that 句意：吉姆说没有明显的证据能证明他们意在误导投资者。that引导同位语从句以解释说明evidence的内容。
4．Young as she is，our English teacher is very experienced and ________(high) thought of by all of us．
答案：highly 考查动词短语的被动语态。句意：尽管年轻，我们的英语老师经验很丰富，受到大家的高度评价。be highly thought of意思是“受到高度评价”。
5．She quarreled ________ her roommate ________ who should do the cleaning last night, but she didn't think it was her fault．
答案：with；about 句意：昨天晚上她和她的室友关于谁应打扫卫生吵了一架……，这里要用quarrel with sb．about sth．“就(关于)……与某人发生口角”。
6．They were walking along the shore ________ a huge wave appeared out of nowhere, sweeping them out to sea．
答案：when 句意：他们正沿着海岸走着，这时一个巨浪突然出现，将他们卷入大海。连词when在此句中为并列连词，相当于and then，意为“突然”；常用于句型“be doing．．．when．．．”。
7．It is certain that Mr Black will support your plan, for he always agree________ whatever you say．
答案：with 考查动词短语辨析。句意：确定无疑布莱克先生会支持你的计划，因为他总是同意你所说的任何话。
8．I prefer ________(write) with a pen rather than ________(type) on the computer, because I type so slowly．
答案：to write；type 考查固定搭配。句意：我宁愿用钢笔写字也不愿在计算机上打字，因为我打字如此慢。prefer to do．．．rather than do．．．宁愿做……也不愿做……。
Ⅲ．阅读理解
(2014·海南省海南中学高一期末)
Recently I paid a visit to Harvard University, where there are top class scientists and professors and the best academic system in the world．
I was pretty shocked when I first stepped onto the campus． Well, it's not ever really a campus． It's a more like district in a small town．
Harvard's main buildings are from the 18th century． They look very old and simple． You might even say they're a little shabby (破旧的)． They don't fit the modern idea of university at all． The buildings are surrounded by grass and trees, so I felt as if I had walked into a medieval castle． But when I looked across the street, busy shops and in-fashion students made me feel like I was in the 21st century again． It creates a strong contrast (对比) and brings a special atmosphere (氛围) to the school．
Our tour guide Gary took us around and told us: “You see this grass field in the center of the school? Here is where they host their graduation ceremony． They just set up tents and benches and have a very simple ceremony． Unbelievable! Who would think the most talented students just graduate on the lawn？”
I saw some students put a blanket on the grass and lie down to read a book． When I listened to the soft sound of pages turning, along with chirping of the birds, I felt very calm． There was no competitive feeling at all．
Harvard has the world's first computer in its science center and there are hundreds of high-end computers too． Its religion and the literature departments are also among the best． It is the perfect mix of tradition and new technology． It makes Harvard a very attractive place to study in． I hope one day I'll attend my dream school—Harvard．
文章大意：这篇文章讲述了作者参观美国哈佛大学时的感受。
1．According to the article the author was most impressed by ________．
A．Harvard's mix of tradition and new technology
B．the classes held on beautiful lawns at Harvard
C．Harvard students not taking their graduation ceremony seriously
D．the feeling of not living in modern society on the campus
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知哈佛大学的建筑是18世纪的风格，而它街对面繁忙的商店和穿着时尚的学生又有现代气息，因此它是传统与现代的结合。故选A。
2．What can we conclude from the article?
A．Harvard campus is actually a district of a big city．
B．There are no competitions at Harvard University．
C．Graduation ceremonies are not complex at Harvard．
D．All Harvard buildings date back to the 18th century．
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“It's a more like district in a small town．”它更像是个小镇，因此A错误 ；根据常识可知哈佛这种顶级学校竞争更厉害，因此B错误；根据第三段第一句“Harvard's main buildings are from the 18th century．”哈佛大学的主要建筑是从18世纪传下来的，因此D错误；根据第四段的第三句可知C项正确。
3．Which word can be used to describe the Harvard campus?
A．Modern B．Competitive
C．Peaceful D．Splendid
答案：C 推理判断题。阅读全文可知哈佛大学历史悠久，环境幽雅，举行毕业典礼时更是简单低调，因此给人一种平和感。故选C。
Ⅳ．七选五阅读
(2014·河北省正定中学高一期末)
How do you stay true to yourself when you're surrounded by friends and/or family that have an opinion on everything you do? It's not easy! __1__ Here are 4 tips which can help you live a dynamic life．
__2__
Stay true to yourself by listening to the only opinions that really matter － your own and those from people who believe in and encourage you．Deep down you know yourself better than anybody else．
Don't fear people
__3__ The reason most people don't take risks, or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them．If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody．
Value yourself and your choices
When you do, others will too．Own the choices you make in your life． __4__ When you believe in yourself, in time, others will believe in you too．Show confidence in your choices, and what you stand for whether others agree or not．
Focus on appreciation
No matter what the circumstances are, there is always something to be grateful for．All successful people ask, What am I grateful for/How can I improve my situation and use these tough times to inspire others． __5__ These steps, if applied, will help you transform your peace of mind, lifestyle, and productivity．
A．Focus on your own talents and strengths．
B．Never let others' opinions guide your choices．
C．Treat every person like they are important．
D．When you doubt yourself, others will doubt you．
E．Stay fearless in everything you will have to do．
F．Be thankful to life and be helpful to others, and you'll lead a successful life．
G．However, there are great possibilities that you can lead the life you really want．
答案：1－5 GBEDF
Ⅴ．完形填空
Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact__1__a large hairy animal may live in central China． Now they hope it won't be too long__2__they are able to__3__its existence． Their confidence is the__4__of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province．
Ten Chinese__5__， enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road． As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly__6__by what they saw． Three__7__animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road． __8__seeing the animals, the engineers immediately stopped and__9__them．__10__， when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great__11__and strength, they did not__12__to follow any further．
The men did not take any__13__． However, scientists are__14__by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can__15__what they described．
After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and__16__some hair and measured footprints． About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot! Chinese scientists have now__17__a special group to exchange information and make a__18__of the forest． But in the meantime, some people__19__to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists． They will not believe that it is__20__until one of the animals has been caught．
文章大意：一些工程师在中国中部的湖北省目击了一种神秘的长毛动物，对此中国科学家十分兴奋，就去人们曾经看到这种长毛动物的森林中去做调查考证，结果证实确有这样一种动物存在着。
1．A．which B．what
C．that D．whether
答案：C 此处fact后要求接同位语从句，由句意知选that，只起连接作用，无意义。
2．A．before B．after
C．since D．that
答案：A 考查固定句式it won't be long before“要不了多久就……”。
3．A．prove B．analyze
C．protect D．check
答案：A 根据第一句提到的“在中国中部地区可能(may)生存着一种大的长毛动物”，所以科学家们希望能够证明它确实存在，用prove。
4．A．basis B．requirement
C．result D．preparation
答案：C 根据文章意思，应为这种新发现的结果。
5．A．travelers B．engineers
C．scientists D．explorers
答案：B 根据下文可确定为工程师。
6．A．frightened B．amazed
C．upset D．inspired
答案：B frightened指“惧怕”，upset表示“伤心，不高兴”，inspired意为“受到鼓舞”都不合题意。amazed表示“大为惊奇”，用在此处最恰当。
7．A．trained B．projected
C．tall D．violent
答案：C 根据上文中的a large hairy animal确定选C项。
8．A．At B．Of
C．About D．On
答案：D on doing sth．“一……就……”，是固定表达。
9．A．shot at B．looked at
C．fought with D．ran after
答案：D run after＝follow，表示“跟踪”。
10．A．However B．Indeed
C．Meanwhile D．Anyway
答案：A 本句与上一句意义有转折，所以选择含有转折意义的连接副词however。
11．A．difficulty B．speed
C．care D．pleasure
答案：B with great speed and strength表示“速度快，力气大”。
12．A．dare B．have
C．ought D．need
答案：A dare “敢；敢于”。此处表示出于对该动物的爱护而不敢尾随了。
13．A．bullets B．tools
C．medicines D．photographs
答案：D 根据下文，可知是拍照，故选photographs。
14．A．surprised B．delighted
C．disturbed D．supported
答案：B however表示转折，虽然未能拍照，科学家们还是很高兴。
15．A．rely on B．deal with
C．write down D．pass on
答案：A 这个从句是说明为什么科学家依然感到高兴的原因，因为这些工程师是受过良好教育的，不会看错或说谎，所以就选rely on：科学家觉得他们的描述是可以信赖的。
16．A．cut B．pulled
C．collected D．tore
答案：C collect表示“收集”，此处指科学家们去收集证据。
17．A．set about B．set off
C．set down D．set up
答案：D set up“创建，建立”。此处指“建立了一个特别小组”。
18．A．film B．tour
C．choice D．study
答案：D make a study of 指“对……进行研究”。
19．A．come B．refuse
C．prefer D．have
答案：B 根据下文的they will not believe that．．．而选表示否定意义的词(refuse)。
20．A．wrong B．alive
C．real D．correct
答案：C 只有抓住了这样的一只动物才相信它是“真的(real)”。
课件85张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修2(十二省区) Cultural relicsUnit 1Section Ⅲ Using LanguageUnit 1Ⅰ．单词速记
1．根据汉语提示写出正确单词。
(1)The ________(当地的) people are strongly against the project to be built by their village．
(2)It is famous for the ______(城堡) built in the 19th century.
(3)He was on ________(审判) for blowing up a building．
(4)At the ________(入口) to the valley stands a big pine tree．
(5)Because the ship was badly damaged in the storm，it began to ________(下沉)．
(6)Our class had a heated ________(辩论) on the topic．local castle trial entrance sink debate 2．根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空。
(1)It is ________ that the ________ he has given is not reliable．(evidence/evident)
(2)The ________ has ________ around the world for the first time． (sailor/sail)
(3) It is an ________ party so you need not dress so ________. (informal/formally)
(4)A bomb ________ during the rush hour and the ________ caused two deaths． (explode/explosion)
(5)The ________ which the artist ________ was valuable (paint/painting)evident evidencesailor sailed informal formally exploded explosion painting painted
Ⅱ．短语互译
1．拆开 ________________
2．而不是 ________________
3．看重；器重 ________________
4．at midnight ________________
5．care about ________________
6．agree with ________________take apart
rather than
think highly of
在午夜
关心，介意，在乎
同意Ⅲ．完成句子
1．一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，这时他(突然)在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西。
One day he ________________ in a second-hand furniture shop __________________________.(be doing... when...)
2．举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。
For example, ______________________ China has more people than any other country in the world.(it作形式主语)3．他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是观点或看法。
He/She only cares about ___________________________，_____________________. (whether引导宾语从句；which引导定语从句)
答案：1．was looking；when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels
2．it can be proved that
3．whether the eyewitness has given true information; which must be facts rather than opinions
Ⅳ．课文理解
1．读文章(Passage 1)回答问题。
(1)What is a fact? (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________
(2)What is an opinion? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________________________________
(3)What is an evidence? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________________________________
2．读文章(Passage 2)完成表格
答案：1.(1)It is anything that can be proved．
(2)An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved．
(3)An evidence is true information which must be facts rather than opinions．
2.(1)miner (2)exploded (3)wooden (4)entrance (5)buried1．apart adv．分离地；分别地
The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it．
老人看到一些德国人拆除并移走了琥珀屋。
归纳拓展
take apart 拆开
tell... apart 把……区别开来
apart from 除……之外(还有)
①The boy is so clever that he can take apart any toy car and put it together．
这个男孩很聪明，他能够拆开任何玩具汽车然后将它组装起来。
②It's difficult to tell the two brothers apart．
这两兄弟很难区分开。
③Apart from schoolwork, I spend my spare time in singing．
除了学校功课之外，空闲时我喜爱唱歌。
名师点拨
在take apart中，作宾语的名词可放于take和apart之间，也可以放于take和apart之后；若代词作宾语，则只能放于take和apart之间。
活学活用
完成句子。
①把这个机器拆开很简单，但是组装起来却十分困难。
____________________________ is easy, but putting it together is quite difficult．
②这对孪生姐妹太像了，我区分不出她们。
The twin sisters are so alike that I can't ______________．
语法填空。
③(2012·辽宁高考改编)Rod loves taking________ clocks． However, he never manages to put them together again．
答案：①Taking the machine apart/Taking apart the machine ②tell them apart
③apart 句意：罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。take apart表示“拆开，分开”符合题意。
2．trial n．审判；审讯；试验
So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial．
因此在审判中，看法不是强有力的证据。
归纳拓展
trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索
under trial 在审理中
on trial 在受审中；在试验中
①The product is on trial in our laboratory．
该产品正在由我们实验室做测试。
②The case, which is related with the school shooting, has been under trial．
与校园枪击案有关的案件已在审理之中。
活学活用
选用trial的短语填空。
①The workers are busy now; that is because some machines are ________．
②The murder is __________， which will last six weeks．
答案：①on trial ②on/under trial
3．evidence n．根据；证据
①This kind of information is called evidence．
这种信息就叫做证据。
②There is some evidence that he was there on the night．
有证据证明那天晚上他在场。
③The first signs of spring are in evidence．
春天的最初迹象已显然可见。
归纳拓展
(1)There is some/no evidence that...
有(无)证据证明……
in evidence 显然，显而易见
(2)evident adj． 明显的，明白的
It's evident that... 很明显……
It is evident that Mo Yan is a genius in writing．
很显然莫言是个写作天才。活学活用
完成句子。
①没有证据证明他会赢得这场竞选。
________________ that he will win the election．
②很显然自从教练来到这个队，他们已取得很大进步。
________________ the team has progressed a lot since the coach came．
答案：①There is no evidence ②It is evident that
4．explode v．
(1)爆炸；爆破；爆裂
In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight．
1945年的4月，我半夜突然听到爆炸声。
(2)～(into/with sth．) 勃然(大怒)；大发(雷霆)；突然发生(危险)
Suddenly Charles exploded_with anger．
查尔斯勃然大怒。
(3)急剧增加
India's population has exploded in the last few years．
在最近几年里，印度的人口急剧增加。易混辨析
巧学助记
图解explode, burst活学活用
采用explode, burst, blow up的适当形式填空。
①After ten days of rain the river________its banks．
②The terrorists are threatening to________the hijacked airliner．
③The city's population has________in the last few years．
④In order to beautify the city, they ________ some old buildings．
⑤Firecrackers ________ here and there when the Spring Festival came．
答案：①burst 句意：下了十天雨后河堤决口了。
②blow up 句意：恐怖分子扬言要炸毁劫持的客机。
③exploded 句意：在最近几年里这个城市的人口急剧增加。explode表示“突增；激增”。
④blew up ⑤exploded
5．entrance n． 入口
①To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed．
令我奇怪的是煤矿入口封闭了。
②Students were given free entrance to the football match．
学生可以免费入场看足球赛。
③There are a few entrances to the railway station．
火车站有几个入口。
归纳拓展
the entrance to ……的入口
the exit of... ……的出口活学活用
用介词填空。
①Two fiery griffins guarded the entrance _____ the castle．
②All the exits ________ the building were blocked up when the fire broke out．
选词填空(exit/entrance)。
③I'll meet you at the ________ to the zoo tomorrow．
④There are usually many taxis waiting at the ________ of the theater．
答案：①to ②of ③entrance ④exit
6．sink vi．下沉；沉下(sank, sunk)
①The sun was sinking in the west．
夕阳西下。
②The Koreans tried to find out the reason why one of their warships sank into the sea．
韩国人努力查明他们的一艘战舰沉入大海的原因。
归纳拓展
sink back 重重地往后坐下
sink in 下陷；被吸收；被理解
sink into 渗入，陷入，沉入，进入
sink down 降低
活学活用
用sink的适当短语填空。
①Her head ________， tears in her eyes．
②At last the child ________ a deep sleep．
③Your warning didn't ________． You may have to talk to him again．
语法填空。
④Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ________ a chair．
答案：①sank down ②sank into ③sink in
④into sink into a chair“靠在椅子上”。7．debate
(1)n．争论；辩论
①What's the question now under debate?
现在辩论的是什么问题呢？
②The truth of this news story is beyond debate．
这则新闻报道的真实性无可争议。
(2)vi．争论；辩论
They debated with each other on the environment protection and economy growth．
他们就环境保护和经济发展展开了辩论。
归纳拓展
under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中
beyond/without debate 无可争议
debate with sb． about/on 就……与某人辩论
活学活用
用介、副词填空。
①The bill is ________ debate and hasn't been passed yet．
②He told a lie ________ debate．
完成句子。
③我正在考虑是否应该接受这礼物。
I am __________________whether I should accept the gift．
④我们正在就时事问题进行辩论。
We have ________________current affairs．
答案：①under ②without/beyond ③debating with myself ④been debating about8．agree with
(1)同意；与……保持一致
He agreed with them about the need for change．
他同意他们需要变革的意见。
(2)(食物、气候等)适合某人
The climate here doesn't agree with me．
这里的气候不适合我。易混辨析活学活用
用agree的适当短语完成句子。
①你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？
Do you think he'll ________ ________ their suggestion?
②我们就会议的日期达成一致意见。
We ________ ________ the date for the meeting．
③我们全同意立刻出发。
We all ________ ________ ________ at once．
④他的陈述与事实相符。
His story ________ ________ the facts．
语法填空。
⑤You look well． The air and the sea foods in America must agree ________ you, I suppose．
答案：①agree to ②agreed on ③agreed to start
④agrees with
⑤with agree with sb．“同意，(食物、气候等)适合某人”。
9．care about关心；顾虑；在乎
①The young people should care about the old．
年轻人应该关心老年人。
②The only thing they care about is money．
他们只在乎钱。易混辨析
Einstein，who cared little for money, never cared about his salary．
爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，他从不在乎薪水多少。活学活用
语法填空。
①He thinks only of himself; he doesn't care________ other people．
答案：about 句意：他只考虑自己，不关心别人。care about“关心；顾虑”，符合题意。
②You can throw away all these letters． I don't care________ what they say．
答案：about 句意：你可以把所有这些信都丢掉，我不在乎那上面写了什么。care about“关心；在乎”，符合题意。
10．rather than而不是；与其……倒不如/宁愿(常用来连接两个并列成分)
①I'd like to have a cold drink rather than coffee．
我想要一杯冷饮，而不是咖啡。
②I prefer to go in summer rather than in winter．
我宁愿夏天去，不愿冬天去。名师点拨
rather than四要点
(1)rather than有时相当于介词，有时起连词的作用，其连接的两个成分的词性应该一致。
(2)rather than连接两个不定式时，其后常常省略to。
(3)rather than位于句首时，常跟不带to的不定式。
(4)rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词和前一个主语保持一致。
I decided to write rather than telephone．
我决定写信而不打电话。
活学活用
用(rather than/other than/or rather)填空。
①I met him very late on Friday night, ________， early on Saturday morning．
②Does anybody ________ yourself know this?
③I decided to send an e-mail ________ telephone．
答案：①or rather ②other than ③rather than
完成句子。
④我宁愿待在家里也不愿意出去散步。
I ________ at home ________ for a walk．
⑤不愿离开他父母，他宁愿在当地一家工厂工作。
________，he would work in a local factory．
答案：④prefer to stay; rather than go out ⑤Rather than leave his parents
语法填空。
⑥Nowadays, rather than ________(write) letters, many people prefer to telephone．
答案：write 该句为prefer to do... rather than do...句型的变化形式，rather than提前，其后仍然使用动词原形。
⑦(2014·安徽，31改编)What we expect from you is working hard ________than hardly working．
答案：rather 考查短语。句意：我们对你的期待是努力工作而不是几乎不工作。rather than而不是。
11．think highly of看重；器重
①I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room．
我看重那些寻找琥珀屋的人们。
②He was highly thought of and so he was called the heroic bus driver．
他受到高度评价，被称为英雄公交车司机。
归纳拓展
think well/much of... 认为……好；对……评价高
think ill/poorly/little of...认为……不好；对……评价不高
think nothing of 不把……当回事
speak highly/well of... 高度赞扬……
speak ill of... 说……的坏话
sing high praise for... 高度赞扬……
①I don't think much of her idea．
我认为她的主意不怎么样。
②I should be sorry if you thought ill of me．
你要是对我有不好的看法，我会感到遗憾的。
名师点拨
当think highly/well/much of...用于被动语态结构时，副词应放于其修饰的动词前，即be highly/well/much thought of。
活学活用
完成句子。
①他的话受到高度评价。
What he said ______________________．
②他没有把大雪当回事，继续向前走。
He __________________the heavy snow and walked on．
答案：①was well/highly/much thought of ②thought nothing of12．One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels．
一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，这时他(突然)在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西。
句式分析
本句是be doing...when...句型。when在句中作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，相当于and then, and at that time。
She was walking in the street when a bag fell off a truck．
她正在街上走，这时一个袋子从一辆卡车上掉了下来。
归纳拓展
when作并列连词时的常见句式：
be about to do...when... 即将做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时……
had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in．
他刚跑进教室，这时老师进来了。
活学活用
仿写句子。
①今天早晨我正在大街上走，就在这时我看见两个游客正在困惑地看着地图。
This morning I ________________________I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled．
②我正准备睡觉，这时有人敲门。
I ____________________ there was a knock on the door．
语法填空。
③(2012·全国卷Ⅱ改编)I had hardly got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once．
答案：①was walking on the street when
②was about to sleep when
③when 句意：我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。hardly...when为固定句型，相当于no sooner... than，表示“刚……就……”。
13．For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world．
举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。
句式分析
本句是含有主语从句的复合句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，that在从句中为引导词且不充当成分。
①It was reported that she was elected the first female president of that country．
据报道，她当选那个国家的第一位女总统。
②It is well known that he is good at writing．
众所周知，他擅长写作。活学活用
仿写句子。
①他所说的并不是真的，这可以得到证实。
_________________________________________________
②据说他下周要来。
_________________________________________________
语法填空。
③(2012·江西高考改编)It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office．
答案：①It can be proved that what he has said is not true．
②It is said that he will come next week．
③that 考查it的用法和固定句型。句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。It occurs to sb． that...意为“某人突然想到某事”，其中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。14．In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe．
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信哪些证人不能相信。
句式分析
该句为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。
We have not decided when and where to go on an outing．
我们尚未确定何时何地去郊游。(作宾语)
名师点拨
“疑问词＋不定式”用法的四个注意事项：
(1)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语；
(2)疑问词：who, what, when, where, how等；
(3)作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；
(4)这种结构常用在动词tell, show, understand, explain, teach, learn, advise, discuss, find out等后作宾语。
①How to do it is a question．
该怎样做是一个问题。(作主语)
②My question was how to get so many books?
我的问题是怎样得到这么多书？(作表语)活学活用
完成句子。
①He discovered ______________________．
他发现了打开保险柜的方法。
②I found out ________________________．
我找到了买便宜水果的地方。
③________________________ has not been decided yet．
何时举行会议还没有决定下来。
答案：①how to open the safe ②where to buy fruit cheaply ③When to hold the meeting
语法填空。
④He told us whether________(have) a picnic was still under discussion．
答案：to have 考查“疑问词＋不定式”作主语的用法。whether to have a picnic作宾语从句的主语，意思是“要不要举行野餐还在讨论中”。
⑤I've worked with children before, so I know what ______ (expect) in my new job．
答案：to expect 句意：我以前和孩子们一起合作过，因此我知道，在新的工作中，孩子们对我的期待是什么。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作动词know的宾语；注意：在本结构中，不定式均采用一般式，不能采用进行式或被动式。
⑥When and where to build the new factory________(be) not decided yet．
答案：is 句意：何时何地建造新工厂还没有被决定下来。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作主语，由于概念一致，谓语动词用单数。谓语部分采用has not been decided也可以。Ⅰ．语法单句填空
1．Our English teacher loves us very much and he is highly thought ________．
答案：of think highly of意为“重视；看重”，依据题意，此处用被动语态，且of不能省略。
2．It was several days ________ the floodwater sank that life returned to normal．
答案：before 句意：直到过了几天洪水退却后生活才恢复了正常。
3．Helen exploded________ anger when she saw a fly in her soup．
答案：with/in explode可译为“(感情)迸发”，常与介词with/in连用。
4．The suspect's fingerprint printed on the gun was the main________(evident) against him．
答案：evidence 句意：那个嫌疑犯在枪上留下的指纹是证明他有罪的主要证据。evidence“证据；证明”符合题意。5．—How about ________(see) the new movie tonight?
—That sounds fine, but I've got to go over my notes for tomorrow's exam．
答案：seeing
6.(2014·浙江，12改编)Facing up to your problems ________ than running away from them is the best approach to working things out．
答案：rather 句意：面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决它们的最好的办法。rather than而不是。由语境可知，此处表示“面对而不是逃避困难”，故rather than正确。
7．It was reported that a chemical factory ________(explode) last night, which killed thirty workers．
答案：(had) exploded 句意：据报道，昨夜有一家化工厂发生爆炸，造成30名工人死亡。
8．When the ship was damaged by a typhoon, the captain refused to leave his ________(sink) ship firstly．
答案：sinking 句意：当船被台风摧毁时，船长拒绝先离开正在下沉的船。sinking“正在下沉的”作定语，修饰ship。
9．The old man was about to go out for a walk ________ his old friend came to visit him．
答案：when be about to do...when...“正要做……这时(突然)……”，为常用结构。
10．It made all the Chinese happy ________ China succeeded in sending up the first manned spaceship．
答案：that it是形式主语。that从句是真正主语。Ⅱ．完成句子
1．Though he knows about the computer, ________ costs him a lot of time.(take) 尽管他懂得电脑知识，但是拆开它仍然花费了他很多的时间。
2．______________________ the house had been broken into.(evident)很明显房屋已被闯入。
3．With ________________________， many passengers jumped into the sea.(sink)随着船体慢慢下沉，很多乘客跳入大海。4．____________________ the topic was a waste of time.(debate)和他辩论这个话题是浪费时间。
5．The suggestion he put forward in the meeting ______________________.(think)他在会议上提出的建议受到高度评价。
6．He ____________________ a golden chance came.(when)他正要放弃就在这时时来运转。
7．____________________ he stayed at home all night.(prove)可以证明他整个晚上都待在家中。
8．It has not been decided ______________________.(what)下一步做什么还没有确定下来。
9．He rather than they ______________________ us finish the work.(go)是他而不是他们打算来帮助我们完成这项工作。
10．______________________ he was surrounded by his devoted fans.(hardly)他一到达就被忠实的粉丝们团团围住。
答案：1．taking it apart 2．It was evident that 3．the ship sinking slowly 4．Debating with him about 5． was highly thought of 6．was about to give up when 7．It could be proved that 8．what to do next 9．is going to help
10．Hardly had he arrived whenUnit 1 Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ．阅读理解
(2014·南昌市四校联考)
Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago． They even sound better than violins made today． Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins． But they aren't the same． Why are these old Italian violins so special? Many people think they have an answer．
Some people think it is the age of the violins． But there is a problem here． Not all old violins sound wonderful． Only those from Cremona are special． So age cannot be the answer．
Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood． The wood of the violin is very important． It must be from certain kinds of trees． It must not be too young or too old． Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins．
But the kind of wood may not be so important． It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way． Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully． It has to be the right size and shape． The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin． Musicians sometimes think that this is the secret of the Italians．
Size and shape may not be the answer either． Scientists make new violins that are exactly the same size and shape． But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old one． Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish(清漆), which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny． It also helps the sound of the instrument． Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish, no one can make the same varnish today．
There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona． And there are not many of the old violins left． So these old violins are becoming more and more precious．
文章大意：主要介绍了一种意大利古老的小提琴的特别之处。这种产于200年以前的小提琴比当代生产的小提琴，音质还要好。文章分析了古琴的特别之处，并逐一排除，最后锁定在了古琴所使用的清漆上。
1．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Secrets of Cremona Violins B．The History of Italian Violins
C．Special Musical Instruments D．How to Make the Best Violins
答案：A 根据第一段“Why are these old Italian violins so special？”和倒数第二段“Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish(清漆), which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny． It also helps the sound of the instrument． Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish, no one can make the same varnish today．”可知，使意大利古老的小提琴变得特别的可能是上面涂的清漆，故选A。
2．The main purpose of the first paragraph is to ________．
A．list some facts B．raise a question
C．give an opinion D．offer an answer
答案：B 根据第一段“Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins． But they aren't the same． Why are these old Italian violins so special? Many people think they have an answer．”可知，第一段提出了一个问题——古老的意大利小提琴为什么那么特别？第一段没有列举事实，也没有给出观点和答案排除A、C、D，故选B。
3．What is still unclear about Cremona violins according to the writer?
A．The shape． B．The size．
C．The wood． D．The varnish．
答案：D 根据倒数第二段“Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish, no one can make the same varnish today．”可知，这种古老小提琴的特别之处可能是所用的清漆，而清漆的成分至今还是个谜，故选D。
4．Which of the following words can best describe Cremona violins?
A．Light． B．Shining．
C．Valuable． D．Modern．
答案：C 根据最后一段“There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona． And there are not many of the old violins left． So these old violins are becoming more and more precious．”可知，这些古琴正变得越来越贵，故选C。
5．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Modern things are always better than ancient ones．
B．Ancient things are always better than modern ones．
C．Once a cultural relic is lost, it can never be recovered．
D．Varnish for violins will become more and more precious．
答案：C A、B两项太绝对，当代的东西未必都比古代的好，古代的东西也不一定就比现在的好；D项偷换概念，文章说的是古琴越来越珍贵，而不是清漆越来越珍贵。排除A、B、D，故选C。
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2014·河南省濮阳市高一升级考试)
Too often the news is filled with stories of the children bullying one another, smoking and making other terrible choices． That makes us __1__ for the future． Some third-graders in Ohio, however, are a shining example that there are many __2__ kids as well．
In January, the __3__ told 8-year-old Henry Kastner that he had cancer． After __4__ surgery to remove the tumor(肿瘤)，Henry started chemotherapy(化学疗法)．That was when his classmates came up with a unique and warm-hearted way to show him their __5__．
When Henry had to shave(剃)his head for the new __6__，his classmates decided they'd shave theirs, too． Thus, the Hair Cut Club was __7__．Together they gathered at a shaving party, where Henry's classmates got their heads shaved． Their __8__ was to make sure when Henry __9__ to school from hospital, he wouldn't feel ashamed of __10__ his hair．
Recordings of the big shaving party show just how much the gesture __11__ to Henry． He said, I realize I won't be __12__． It will be me and tons of other people with their hair gone．
Parents feel bad whenever they __13__ a child has cancer, and when it comes to someone your own child __14__， it's difficult to know what to do and how to __15__． In my son's school, we've seen several children affected by the __16__ over the past years． In many cases, I've felt I haven't done enough, only __17__ I didn't know what to do．
These kids __18__ such a good reminder that sometimes it's the simplest things that can help a family __19__ such a serious illness, and that just letting them __20__ they're not in it alone means so much．
文章大意：一名小学生因为要接受化学治疗必须剃掉头发，为了不让他感到尴尬，他的同学们决定都剃掉头发。
1．A．prepare B．study
C．fear D．work
答案：C 从前面的the news is filled with stories of the children bullying one another, smoking and making other terrible choices可知看到这些新闻后，大家应该会对国家的未来感到担忧。
2．A．kind B．serious
C．clever D．hardworking
答案：A 从前面的however的提示可知，这些孩子做的事与前面所述的坏新闻不同，应该是好事。
3．A．friend B．student
C．doctor D．teacher
答案：C 对疾病做出诊断的应该是医生。
4．A．operating B．receiving
C．celebrating D．checking
答案：B 得了病的人应该接受手术。
5．A．belief B．support
C．wisdom D．strength
答案：B 从前面的warm-hearted way可知同学们是想热心地帮助Henry、支持他。
6．A．school B．class
C．decision D．treatment
答案：D 从前面的描述可知Henry剃掉头发应该与他得的病有关，是接受治疗的需要。
7．A．formed B．closed
C．appreciated D．finished
答案：A Henry的同学们建立了一个俱乐部来组织他们的剃头活动。
8．A．goal B．advice
C．challenge D．reason
答案：A 后面的to make sure．．．he wouldn't feel ashamed正是同学们行动的目的。
9．A．moved B．returned
C．headed D．faced
答案：B 从后面的from hospital可知此处应该指的是Henry出院后，回到学校上课时的情况。
10．A．washing B．growing
C．keeping D．losing
答案：D 从前面的Henry had to shave his head for the new．．．可知他失去头发了。
11．A．reached B．led
C．belonged D．meant
答案：D 从后面Henry的发言可知同学们的举动对他造成了很大的影响，对他意义重大。
12．A．sorry B．surprised
C．alone D．excited
答案：C 从后面的It will be me and tons of other people with their hair gone．可知Henry意识到自己并不是孤单一人。
13．A．learn B．guess
C．admit D．imagine
答案：A 家长们在听说有孩子得癌症后会难过。
14．A．looks at B．finds out
C．cares about D．waits for
答案：C 此处从前面的任何一个孩子变成限定为自己的孩子认识、关心的孩子。
15．A．meet B．conclude
C．help D．communicate
答案：C 从前面的to know what to do可知此处是表示不知道应该做些什么来帮助得病的孩子。
16．A．accident B．disease
C．example D．result
答案：B 作者举出自己身边相似的经历，即接触到的患了同样疾病的孩子。
17．A．before B．after
C．if D．because
答案：D 不知道应该做些什么是觉得自己做的不够的原因。
18．A．demand B．provide
C．attract D．expect
答案：B Henry的同学们的做法给大家提供了一个提示。
19．A．fighting B．recognizing
C．discovering D．announcing
答案：A 要帮助的对象是与癌症这种疾病做斗争的家庭。
20．A．show B．promise
C．prove D．know
答案：D 大家要做的只是让与癌症做斗争的家庭知道他们并不是孤军奋战。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
(2014·新课标Ⅱ)
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__(be) late for school．There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__(disappoint)． When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board． I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk． A boy on a bike __5__(catch)my attention． He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms． I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__(stop) until we reached the next stop． Still, the boy kept __7__(ride)． He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting． Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus． I heard an excited conversation． Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It's __9__(I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully． Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__(sudden) became friendly to one another．
1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．______ 5．______
6．______ 7．______ 8．______ 9．______ 10．______
答案：
1．being about为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，故用being。
2．and 由上下文，人们等车，看起来很焦急，之间是顺承关系，故用and连接。
3．disappointed 人们看起来很焦急失望，用形容词形式disappointed失望的，而disappointing令人失望的，不合题意。
4．to 我得到了一个靠近窗子的座位，next to靠近，临近。
5．caught 文章是讲述过去的事情，故用过去时。
6．to stop 固定短语refuse to do sth．拒绝做某事。
7．riding 固定短语 keep doing sth．一直做某事。
8．Did “有人在上一站丢了手提箱吗？”一般疑问句，过去时用did。
9．me/mine 此处作表语，强调“它是我的”，用mine，或者表示“是我(丢了包)”，用me。
10．suddenly 副词作状语修饰动词became，故用suddenly。
【辽宁卷题型】
(2014·河南省濮阳市高一升级考试)
Ms． White: Hello, Mr． Johnson．
Mr． Johnson: Hello, Ms． White．
Ms． White: Mr． Johnson． I am __1__ (come) to check out the house．
Mr． Johnson: OK． Please come in and feel free to take a __2__ around the house．
Ms． White: It looks very __3__．
Mr． Johnson: Yeah． As you can see, the __4__(decorate) is in perfect condition． The kitchen is on your left． Look! It is so big that you can fit five people inside．
Ms． White: What __5__ the rooms and how big is it?
Mr． Johnson: The apartment has one dining room, one __6__(live) room, one master bedroom and two bedrooms． The area is 213 square meters．
Ms． White: Does this apartment face south?
Mr． Johnson: The living room __7__(face) south and the bedrooms face north． It has a beautiful hill view and quiet environment． Also, there is a big shopping center, a __8__ (wonder) playground, and a few supermarkets．
Ms． White: How about __9__ transport?
Mr． Johnson: Well, __10__ is convenient for transportation like subways and buses．
Ms． White: Great!
1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．______ 5．______
6．______ 7．______ 8．______ 9．______ 10．______
答案：
1．coming 此处用进行时表示将来。
2．look take a look“看一看”。
3．beautiful/pretty 从后文可知，房子很“漂亮”。
4．decoration 此处应用其名词形式，所以填decoration。
5．about what about．．．？“……怎么样？”。
6．living living room“起居室”。
7．faces 此处face是动词，与后文时态一致，且主语是第三人称单数，所以填faces。
8．wonderful 一个“不错的”操场，用形容词修饰名词。
9．the the transport“交通情况”。
10．it convenient常常用it作主语。
课件28张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修2(十二省区) Cultural relicsUnit 1Section Ⅳ Unit RevisionUnit 1rare rarely valuable invaluable valueless valued amazing amaze amazed survive
select
design
fancy
remove
doubt
remain
former
worth
evidence
explode
sink
debate search
belong
in
at
less
apart
rather
turn
highly that which because which which where 班级辩论报告
互动导学
◎学生：如何才能写好班级辩论的报告呢？
◎老师：首先，从篇章结构上讲，班级辩论报告一般要分为以下四段：引出话题段；正方观点段；反方观点段；陈述自己观点段。
◎学生：段与段之间用哪些好句型过渡呢？
◎老师：首先，引出话题后，可以用“However，different people hold different opinions．”引出正方观点。
◎学生：为了过渡到反方观点，可以使用什么靓句呢？
◎老师：我们可以借助一些习语，如Just as an old saying goes，every coin has two sides． It is the same with...
◎学生：那如何结尾呢？
◎老师：结尾段可以借助句型“As far as I am concerned，I am strongly for/against...”表明自己的观点。
典题示例
近来，网上“偷菜”(stealing vegetables online)的游戏越来越流行。对此，你班同学展开了激烈的辩论。请根据下面提示写一篇班级辩论报告。审题谋篇
答案：议论文；正反观点的班级辩论；一般现在时为主，辅以过去时；第一、三人称词句推敲
1．词汇：
(1)对……持有不同观点______________
(2)首先______________
(3)另外______________
(4)最后______________
(5)有助于______________
(6)按照他们的观点______________
2．句式：
(1)一句多译。
玩这个游戏人们可以获得一些农业知识。
a．___________________________________________(使用动名词作主语)
b．_________________________________________(使用by＋v．-ing)
(2)改写句子。
①使用句型“It is widely recognized that...”改写下面句子。
Stealing vegetables online is becoming more and more popular．
_________________________________________________
②使用“there be＋名词＋非谓语”的句型改写下面句子。
Some support the game for the following reasons．
_________________________________________________
③用倒装句改写下面句子。
We can avoid being addicted to the Internet only in this way．
_________________________________________________(3)合并句子。
①用并列连词and连接下面两句。
People can experience farm life．
People can enjoy the pleasure without going out．
_________________________________________________
②用定语从句连接下面两个句子。
Children will get addicted to stealing vegetables easily．
It does great harm to their health for lack of sleep and exercise．
_________________________________________________
③使用现在分词短语改写下面两句。
If children join the game, their social values will be affected．
It leads to some social problems like stealing．
_________________________________________________
答案：1.(1)hold different opinions over...
(2)to begin with/first/firstly
(3)in addition/what's more/besides
(4)last but not least/finally/last
(5)help do
(6)in their opinion2.(1)a．Playing the game can give people some agricultural knowledge．
b．People can gain some agricultural knowledge by playing the game．
(2)①It is widely recognized that stealing vegetables online is becoming more and more popular．
②There are some supporting the game for the following reasons．
③Only in this way can we avoid being addicted to the Internet．
(3)①People can experience farm life and enjoy the pleasure without going out．
②Children will get addicted to stealing vegetables easily, which does great harm to their health for lack of sleep and exercise．
③If children join the game, their social values will be affected, leading to some social problems like stealing．
妙笔成篇
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案：
It is widely recognized that stealing vegetables online is becoming more and more popular． However, different people hold different opinions over this．
There are some supporting the game for the following reasons． To begin with, people can experience farm life and enjoy the pleasure without going out． In addition, it helps forget the trouble in life and reduce pressures in work and study． Last but not least, by playing the game, people can gain some agricultural knowledge．Just as a famous saying goes, every coin has two sides． Children will get addicted to stealing vegetables easily, which does great harm to their health for lack of sleep and exercise． Besides, too much time on the game means less time on work and study． If children join the game，their social values will be affected, leading to some social problems like stealing．
As far as I am concerned, I am strongly against playing the game． Only in this way can we avoid being addicted to the Internet．课件9张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修2(十二省区) Cultural relicsUnit 1被称为“世界第八大奇迹”的俄罗斯国宝琥珀屋，“二战”中被德国人占为己有，后来便下落不明。多少觅宝者踏破铁鞋却一无所获。如今，琥珀屋终于完全逼真地重新建成了，而且比原来的更美。
Construction (建筑) of the Amber Room began in 1701． It was originally put at Charlottenburg Palace, home of Frederick Ⅰ， the first King of Prussia． The room was designed by German sculptor (雕刻家) Andreas Schlüter． Peter the Great loved the room on a visit, and in 1716 the King of Prussia—then Frederick William I—sent it to Peter the Great as a gift．
The Amber Room was shipped to Russia in 18 large boxes and put in the winter palace in St Petersburg as a part of a European art collection． It was first open in 1746 in the winter palace, where it was housed till 1755． In 1755, Gzarina Elizabeth ordered the room be moved to the Catherine Palace in Pushkin． Italian designer Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli redesigned the room to fit into its new, larger space using extra amber shipped from Berlin．
It seems hard to believe that boxes of several tons of amber could go missing, and many historians have tried to solve the mystery． The most basic theory is that the boxes were destroyed by the bombings (轰炸) of 1944． Others believe the amber is still in Kaliningrad, while some say it was put onto a ship and can be found somewhere at the bottom of the Baltic Sea． One of the more extreme theories is that Stalin actually had a second Amber Room and the Germans stole a fake (赝品)．
The history of the new Amber Room, at least, is known for sure． The reconstruction began in 1979 at Tsarskoye Selo and was completed 25 years—and $11 million—later． It is based largely on black and white photographs of the original Amber Room． By 2003 the great work of the Russian craftsmen(工匠) has been mostly completed． Artists used close to ten tons of amber of different colors and types to recreate the Amber Room． The new room was dedicated (把……献给) by Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder on the 300th birthday of the city of St Petersburg．Read the passage and tell the following statements true (T) or false (F)．
1．In 1716 Frederick William I sent the Amber Room to Peter the Great as a gift．( )
2．Historians believe the Amber Room was destroyed by the bombings of 1944．( )
3．As a matter of fact, there were two Amber Rooms． One was at the bottom of the Baltic Sea; the other was stolen by the Germans．( )
答案：1．T 2．F 3．FUnit 1 综合技能测试
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节；满分30分)
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1． What does the man do this weekend?
A．He has no idea．
B．He wants to go for hiking．
C．He wants to take part in the poem party．
2． What's the feature of alphabet?
A．Each line begins with the letters of the alphabet in order．
B．Each line includes the letters in order．
C．Each line includes 26 letters in order．
3．What's the man's plan for this weekend?
A． He will go to New York to have a visit．
B． He will be on business in Britain．
C． He will go to celebrate his grandpa's birthday．
4．Where does the conversation take place?
A． At a medicine shop．
B． At a book shop．
C． At a restaurant．
5．What's the man?
A． He is a doctor．
B． He is a teacher．
C． He is an engineer．
第二节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至第8题。
6． Which is the common cause of lung cancer?
A． Smoking． B．Drinking．
C． Drowning．
7．Why does the man cough?
A．He is having a cold． B．He is smoking．
C．He is drinking．
8．Which country are the speakers from probably?
A． USA． B．Britain．
C．Singapore．
听下面一段材料，回答第9至第11题。
9． Why does the woman not want her son to go to the Disco?
A． Someone will offer drugs．
B． She doesn't like the Disco．
C． She thinks it will affect the son's study．
10．What's the attitude to the drugs of the boy?
A． The woman likes drugs．
B． The son is addicted to the drugs．
C． The son doesn't like drugs．
11． What is the mother worrying?
A． The son may like the Disco．
B． The son won't work hard．
C． The son will take drugs．
听下面一段材料，回答第12至第14题。
12．When does the man go to sleep?
A． 12?00 am． B．1?00 am．
C．5?00 am．
13． What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The woman is ill．
B．The man likes to do the job．
C．The woman gives some medicine to the man．
14．What does the woman prefer the man to do?
A． To get some medicine．
B． To get another job．
C． To relax．
听下面一段材料，回答第15至第17题。
15．Where does this conversation probably take place?
A． On the phone． B．At the office．
C． In a hotel．
16．Where is Mr Delft's office?
A． In Djakarta． B．In South East Asia．
C． In the West Pacific．
17．What is Mr Graber doing now?
A． Taking a meeting．
B． Answering the phone．
C． Going on business．
听下面一段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A． Strangers． B．Close friends．
C． Colleagues．
19．Why does the man come to visit the woman?
A．To have a party． B．To have a meeting．
C．To have a course．
20．What does the woman do?
A． A secretary． B．A teacher．
C．A business woman．
答案：1～5 CACAB 6～10 ABCAC 11～15 CBCCB
16～20 ABCBA
听力材料：
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。
(Text 1)
W: What do you want to do this weekend? Go hiking?
M: There is a poetry party at our school．
(Text 2)
W: What is the alphabet in poetry?
M: It is a type of poem． In alphabet, each line begins with the letters of the alphabet in order．
(Text 3)
W: What are you going to do this weekend?
M: My grandpa lives in New York． This weekend is his birthday．
(Text 4)
W: What can I do for you, sir?
M: I want some medicine for a cold．
(Text 5)
W: Don't go out, Jim． You have a heavy cold．
M: But I have an appointment with my students．
第一节到此结束。
第二节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 6)
M: (Cough) ku ku...
W: What's wrong with you?
M: I felt sick．
W: Are you smoking?
M: Yes．
W: Don't smoke any longer． Smoking is causing your cough．
M: But, I can't．
W: You'd better． You know, smoking is the most common cause of lung cancer．
M: Yeah． But... (cough)
W: Smokers are 22 times more likely to develop lung cancer． 90% of all lung cancer cases in Singaporean males occur among smokers．
M: Oh, terrible． I will try my best．
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 7)
W: Jim, don't go to the Disco again．
M: Why, mum?
W: It's said some people there offer drugs．
M: Oh, mum, don't worry about it． I don't like drugs．
W: But what will you if someone offers them?
M: Just say “no”．
W: Does it work?
M: Of course, lots of people don't take drugs．
W: That's good． Drugs will cause many problems．
M: Yes, mum． Take it easy． I won't like drugs．
听下面一段对话，回答第12至第14三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 8)
W: What's wrong with you?
M: I always feel tired, even when I wake up in the morning． I'm afraid I'm ill．
W: How about your sleep?
M: Bad! I never get to sleep until 1?00 am and I wake up at 5?00 am．
W: Are you worrying about anything?
M: ...，work, my work． I'm always worrying about my work． It's hard for me．
W: I see． Lie down on the bed please．
M: Is it serious?
W: Don't worry． You are just under too much stress．
M: Can you give me some medicine?
W: I can, but I think you'd better relax． Take more exercise．
M: Yes, you are right． Health is much more important． I will find another job．
听下面一段对话，回答第15至第17三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 9)
M: Good morning．
W: Oh, good morning． Mr Delft? From Djakarta?
M: Yes, that's right． I think Mr Graber's expecting me．
W: Yes, he's in the office, but I'm afraid he's on the phone at the moment． He wondered if you'd mind taking a seat for a moment．
M: Yes, OK, of course I can wait． It's taken me two days to get here． A few more minutes won't make any difference．
W: Did you actually come right from Djakarta?
M: Well, that's where the office is, of course． But right now I'm on sales research． Doing a project． I've been on tour to various parts of South East Asia and the West Pacific recently． In fact, I've just traveled here from Malapropezia． But I don't expect you've heard of that． Not many people have．
W: Erm． No, I'm afraid I don't know where that is． I did study geography at school, but I can never remember which countries are where in that part of the world．
M: I wouldn't worry too much about it if I were you． You'll get by without knowing, I should think．
W：Yes, was your, er, research successful?
听下面一段对话，回答第18至第20三个小题。现在，你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。
(Text 10)
M: Er, excuse me．
W: Oh, good morning, can I help you?
M: Oh yes． My name is Ikeocha Achebe．
W: Yes, Mr Achebe． For the meeting, right? Yes, Mr Graber is expecting you． Erm, I think we've met before...
M: Oh yes, we have． I'm a bit surprised you remember． You're Miss Malone, aren't you?
W: Yes, that's right． And it was at our company's Christmas party here, wasn't it?
M: Oh yes． A few months ago, in fact．
W: Yes． And since then...?
M: Oh, you know, I've been on a training course here, since we met that time． Quality supervision． It's almost over, in fact．
W: Oh, then I expect you're looking forward to going home．
M: Well, I am really, yes, though I've got quite used to living and working here in Zurich, you know．
第二节到此结束。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal(泰姬陵)in Agra, India in the 1600s. He wanted to make a beautiful place where he could bury his wife.
Mumtaz Mahal was only one of Shah Jahan's wives, but he liked her best. He built the Taj Mahal for her after she died.
The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous things to see in India. It is a beautiful place. The Jumna River runs beside the north wall of the Taj Mahal. Also, a garden grows inside the Taj Mahal. This garden has a small river running through it.
Shah Jahan buried Mumtaz Mahal inside the Tai Mahal in a building made of white marble. This building has a big white round roof.
It took 22 years to complete all of the work on the Taj Mahal. After it was completed, Shah Jahan killed the man who made the Taj Mahal. Shah Jahan did not want him to ever build a building more beautiful than the Taj Mahal. The Shah also cut off the hands of all of the artists who took part in building the Taj Mahal. When people who study history hear of this, they are not surprised. From studying history, it is possible to find out that Shah Jahan was something known to be a cruel man.
As for Shah Jahan, he was also buried in the Taj Mahal next to his wife after he died.
21．Shah Jahan wanted to build the Taj Mahal because____．
A．he needed a new place to live
B．he liked beautiful gardens
C．he wanted to bury his wife there
D．he wanted to kill the artists
答案：C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知答案为C。
22．You can see________when you visit the Taj Mahal．
A．the Jumna River
B．the place where Mumtaz Mahal is buried
C．a beautiful garden
D．all of the above
答案：D 细节理解题。由第三段可知参观泰姬陵时A、B、C三项所提到的景物都能看到，故选D。
23．Why did Shah Jahan kill the man who made the Taj Mahal?
A．Because Shah Jahan didn't like the Taj Mahal．
B．Because the man made a mistake．
C．Because Shah Jahan didn't want him to make another beautiful building．
D．Because the man didn't finish the building．
答案：C 细节理解题。由第五段第三句可知Shah Jahan不希望这个人再造一座比泰姬陵更漂亮的建筑。
B
Although most people know there are Seven Wonders in the Ancient World, only few people can name them. This is because most of them are no longer there except the pyramids. However, there is a growing list of wonders of the world today. About nine years ago, UNESCO's World Cultural and Nature Heritage(things that have come down to us from the past)List had 411 places and 136 countries were responsible to protect them, and the list keeps on growing.
Usually it is the task of a group of 21 experts to decide which places go on the list. The experts are chosen to work for six years. Their work is to examine and discuss the suggestions from different countries. They also manage the World Heritage Fund and have the right to decide what help to give to countries for protection work.
Over the past centuries a lot of cultural or historic places have been destroyed by man or nature. Protecting our natural and cultural heritage is a long and difficult task. Earthquakes, floods, pollution, wars, or even tourism are some of the dangers that harm this heritage.
When a historic place is in great danger, it is put on the World Heritage in Danger List and necessary things will be done to protect it. Places which are on the danger list include Historic Bridges of Indiana, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Rosenwald School in Southern US, etc…
24．The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World include_______．
A．Golden Gate Bridge
B．Sydney Opera House
C．the Great Wall
D．the pyramids
答案：D 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知。
25．Why does the World Cultural and Natural Heritage List keep on growing?
A．There are more cultural heritages beginning to appear．
B．More countries begin to build cultural heritages．
C．A lot of cultural or historic places have disappeared．
D．More and more cultural heritages are in great danger．
答案：D 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知。
26．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．People can still visit the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World today．
B．Rosenwald School is a newly-built school in Southern US．
C．More places will be added to the UNESCO list．
D．The list is decided mainly by the governments of different countries．
答案：C 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“...the list keeps on growing．”以及第三段内容可推出C项正确。
27．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
B．Experts Play an Important Role
C．The Growing List of Wonders of the World
D．Some Historic Places in Danger
答案：C 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了世界文化与自然遗产数量的增加以及相应的保护。
C
The people who built Stonehenge in southern England thousands of years ago had wild parties, eating barbecued pigs and breaking pottery． This is according to recent work by archaeologists—history experts who investigate (调查) how human beings lived in the past．
Archaeologists digging near Stonehenge last year discovered the remains of a large prehistoric village where they think the builders of the mysterious stone circle used to live．
The village is about 4600 years old, the same age as Stonehenge and as old as the pyramids in Egypt． It is less than two miles from the famous ancient landmark and lies inside a massive man-made circular dirt wall, or “henge”， known as the Durrington Walls．
Remains found at the site included jewellery, stone arrowheads, tools made of deer antlers, wooden spears and huge amounts of animal bones and broken pottery． “These finds suggest Stone Age people went to the village at special times of the year to feast and party”， says Mike Parker Pearson from Sheffield University in England．
He said many of the pig bones they found had been thrown away half-eaten． He also said the partygoers appeared to have shot some of the farm pigs with arrows, possibly as a kind of sport before barbecuing them．
An ancient road which led from the village to the River Avon was also found． Here, the experts think, people came after their parties to throw dead relatives in the water so the bodies would be washed downstream to Stonehenge．
Parker Pearson believes Stonehenge was like a cemetery where ancient Britons buried the dead and remembered their ancestors． “The theory is that Stonehenge is a kind of spirit home to the ancestors．”
The recent discovery of the village within the Durrington Walls shows that Stonehenge didn't stand alone but was part of a much bigger religious site, according to Parker Pearson．
People still come to worship and celebrate at Stonehenge today． They meet there when the sun sets on the shortest day of winter and when it rises on the longest day of summer． But the days of barbecuing whole pigs there and throwing family members into the river are a thing of the past．
文章大意：本文讲述了对英国的巨石阵的最新发现。
28．What was Stonehenge according to the text?
A．A village where hundred of people once lived．
B．A place that regularly hosted large parties．
C．A church where local villagers would get married．
D．A site where dead people were placed or remembered．
答案：D 细节理解题。参照文章第七段中的“...was like a cemetery where ancient Britons buried the dead and remembered their ancestors...”。
29．From the text we can infer that the people who came to the village ________．
A．liked to drink wine B．knew how to hunt
C．were from Egypt D．lived by the River Avon
答案：B 细节理解题。从文中第四段的“...tools made of deer antlers, wooden spears and huge amounts of animal bones...”和第五段的“...possibly as a kind of sport before barbecuing them．”可得答案。
30．What do experts think people did after the village parties?
A．Returned to live at Stonehenge．
B．Prayed for good luck in the new year．
C．Hunted farm pigs as a sport．
D．Put their dead relatives in the river．
答案：D 细节理解题。结合文章第六段中的“...people came after their parties to throw dead relatives in the water...”可知答案。
31．When do people most often go to Stonehenge today?
A．When a new discovery is made．
B．At the beginning of summer and winter．
C．On the longest and shortest days of the year．
D．When they want to have a barbecue．
答案：C 细节理解题。结合文章最后一段中的“They meet there when the sun sets on the shortest day of winter and when it rises on the longest day of summer．”可知答案。
D
(2014·安徽，D篇)
Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area． Not all historical buildings are attractive． However, there may be other reasons—for example, economic(经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved． So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people． What should we do then if a new building is needed?
In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style． Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings． As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影响)its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area．
It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏)the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too． Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas． I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的)and do not like change．
Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move_things_forward． If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves． Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice．
文章大意：本文论述了在一些城市的历史性区域是否应该建造一些新的建筑的话题。
32．What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?
A．Some of them are not attractive．
B．Most of them are too expensive to preserve．
C．They are more pleasing than modern buildings．
D．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area．
答案：A 推理判断题。从第一段的Not all historical buildings are attractive．(并不是所有的历史性建筑都是有吸引力的)可知答案。
33．Which of the following is true according to the author?
A．We should reproduce the same old buildings．
B．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings．
C．Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in．
D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings．
答案：C 推理判断题。从第三段的It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too可知答案。
34．By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “________.”
A．destroy old buildings
B．put things in a different place
C．choose new architectural styles
D．respect people's feelings for historical buildings
答案：C 词义猜测题。由下一句话If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves(如果我们总是重复以前的建设，我们还一直生活在洞穴中)可知，上一句话意为：改进建筑风格是建筑师和计划者的责任。故选C项。
35．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain why people dislike change．
B．To warn that we should end up living in caves．
C．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings．
D．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas．
答案：D 主旨大意题。本文在开头就提出了中心话题：是否我们应该允许在城市的历史性区域建造一些新的大楼？然后展开论述。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2014·银川市唐徕回民中学高一月考)
__36__ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start your own club. It's great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there's never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. __37__ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you.__38__ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
__39__ You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That'll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book and the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can spend a lot of time making them.__40__ Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you'll think of lots of interesting things to do!
A．That's easy．
B．Enjoy your own club．
C．Invite a designer to join you．
D．What are you interested in?
E．Some vacation is just around the corner．
F．Then you need to pick a name for your club．
G．Use a bright thick pen to make a special design．
答案：36～40 EDAFG
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最佳选项。
(2014·吉林省白山市第一中学高一期末)
You and I have principles(原则)． And we also have opinions． I have __41__ about what I think is right or wrong or good or __42__． But they are only opinions—I could be wrong! I __43__ try to build my life around my opinions, but I will try to __44__ my principles．
A 15-year-old boy learned a(n) __45__ lesson about life principles． On his way home he found a woman's __46__ that contained $127 as well as her ID card． __47__ hesitation, he hopped(快速跳) onto his bike and went over to her __48__—about a mile away． He told her he __49__ her wallet and she gave him a big hug and twenty dollars．
That evening the boy told his parents about the event and his father said, “I don't think you should have __50__ $20 for doing what you should have done． A person shouldn't be __51__ for being honest．”
He thought about his father's __52__ and decided he would return the money． He biked to the lady's home and __53__ her back the twenty dollars． She didn't want to take it, but he told her she __54__ to...that his father pointed out __55__ to him that he had never __56__ before．
When principles __57__ our every action and decision, we actually change． These great principles __58__ our lives and make us into persons of character． That boy is __59__ to be raised by a wise father who had the __60__ to say, “Those are my principles．”
文章大意：本文讲述了一个男孩捡到钱包后，在还给失主时接受了失主给的报酬。他的父亲知道这件事后告诉男孩人不应该因诚实而受到奖励。男孩遵从父亲的建议归还失主给的奖励。由这件事给作者的感受就是我们必须遵循原则，因为这些原则塑造了我们的生活和性格。
41．A．opinions B．wishes
C．decisions D．suggestions
答案：A 考查名词。opinions观点；wishes希望；decisions决策；suggestions建议。根据上一句中的“opinions”提示，这里也用相同的词，指作者自己的观点。故选A。
42．A．well B．mistaken
C．right D．bad
答案：D 考查形容词。well良好的；mistaken错误的；right正确的；bad坏的。根据前面“right or wrong”可知应用反义词，good的反义词是bad。故选D。
43．A．shan't B．won't
C．can't D．don't
答案：B 考查助动词。后面一句意思是但我将尝试按照我的原则。这是转折句，由此可知前一句是我将不会怎样，助动词和后一句一致，故选B。
44．A．change B．advise
C．follow D．make
答案：C 考查动词。change改变；advise建议；follow跟随，遵循；make制造。句意是：我会努力坚持我的原则。故选C。
45．A．valuable B．easy
C．difficult D．funny
答案：A 考查形容词。valuable有价值的；easy简单的；difficult困难的；funny有趣的。结合下文可知此处说的是一个15岁的男孩学到了关于生活的原则的宝贵一课。故选A。
46．A．bag B．wallet
C．suitcase D．box
答案：B 考查名词。bag包；wallet钱包；suitcase手提箱；box盒子。结合下文中的her wallet，可知小男孩捡到了个钱包，里面有127美元以及身份证。故选B。47．A．About B．For
C．Without D．In
答案：C 考查介词。About关于；For为了；Without没有；In在……里面。句意是：没有犹豫。故选C。
48．A．factory B．school
C．office D．house
答案：D 考查名词。factory工厂；school学校；office办公室；house房子。根据后文中的He biked to the lady's home可知“男孩骑上自行车来到了失主的家”。故选D。
49．A．checked B．searched
C．threw D．found
答案：D 考查动词。checked检查；searched搜索；threw扔；found找到。句意是：他告诉她：他找到了她的钱包，她给了他一个大大的拥抱和20美元。故选D。
50．A．accepted B．supplied
C．received D．borrowed
答案：A 考查动词。accepted接受；supplied提供；received收到；borrowed借。句意是：“我不认为你应该接受20美元的报酬”。receive指“收到”，着重“行为本身，而不涉及收受者是否接受”，accept指“领受”，“接受”，着重除行为本身以外，还表示接受者经过考虑以后愿意接受。故选A。
51．A．rewarded B．praised
C．forgotten D．blamed
答案：A 考查动词。rewarded奖励；praised称赞；forgotten忘记；blamed谴责。句意是：一个人不应该因诚实而受到奖励。be rewarded for因……而得到报酬。故选A。
52．A．actions B．worries
C．words D．excuses
答案：C 考查名词。actions动作；worries担忧；words话；excuses借口。句意是：他考虑了他父亲的话后决定归还钱。故选C。
53．A．took B．gave
C．put D．set
答案：B 考查动词。took拿；gave给；put放；set树立。句意是：他骑车来到女人的家中，并把二十美元归还给她。give back归还。故选B。
54．A．attempted B．preferred
C．planned D．had
答案：D 考查动词。attempted企图；preferred更喜欢，宁愿；planned打算；had有。强调小孩的坚持，“失主必须把作为酬金的20美元收回。”have to是“不得不，必须”的意思。故选D。
55．A．anything B．everything
C．something D．nothing
答案：C 考查代词。anything任何事；everthing每件事；something某些事；nothing没有事。句意是：她不想收回，但男孩告诉她必须收回——他的父亲给他指出了以前他从来没有意识到的一些东西。故选C。
56．A．guessed B．taught
C．met D．realized
答案：D 考查动词。guessed猜；taught教；met遇见；realized认识。句意是：她不想收回，但男孩告诉她必须收回——他的父亲给他指出了以前他从来没有意识到的一些东西。故选D。
57．A．guide B．do
C．interrupt D．allow
答案：A 考查动词。guide引导；do做；interrupt中断；allow允许。句意是：当原则引导我们的决定和行为时，实际上我们就改变。故选A。
58．A．limit B．shape
C．prevent D．keep
答案：B 考查动词。limit限制；shape使形成；prevent预防；keep保持。句意是：这些伟大的原则塑造我们的生活和性格。故选B。
59．A．unlucky B．careful
C．brave D．lucky
答案：D 考查形容词。unlucky不幸的；careful小心的；brave勇敢的；lucky幸运的。句意是：有人给予指导，男孩“是很幸运的”。故选D。
60．A．right B．courage
C．wisdom D．chance
答案：C 考查名词。right正义；courage勇气；wisdom智慧；chance机会。结合全文可知，男孩的父亲是“英明的”。故选C。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
Venice, __61__ small waterside(水边的)city in northeast Italy, boils with happiness and excitement once every year． Between February 21 and March 4, carnival hits the streets． For most people carnival(狂欢)means large parties and feasting． But in Venice, it also means __62__(tradition) masks and costumes．
These costumes were __63__(original) meant to hide personal identities． Then, different social classes could mix in a sea of happiness．
Today, people in Venice still dress up in the strangest ways __64__ armed soldiers, butchers and fishermen, for example．
Bars and cafes are filled with party-goers __65__ come to show off their strange costumes． Their designs and creations __66__ (make) by special studios． Ready-made costumes are not acceptable．
“In the months __67__ the carnival we work overtime to meet the demand，” said a mask-maker． “Many kilometers of silk and lace are made __68__ costumes． For shopkeepers, carnival is the best time of the year．”
The Venice carnival dates back to the Middle Ages． At that time, the city was __69__ of the wealthiest in Europe． Now the Venice carnival attracts huge crowds from all over the world．
The city certainly benefits—a whole industry __70__(build) up around the carnival's masks and costumes．
“The Venice Carnival is a magical time! It's such a great experience，” said one French tourist．
61．______ 62．______ 63．______ 64．______ 65．______
66．______ 67．______ 68．______ 69．______ 70．______
答案：61．a 62．traditional 63．originally 64．as 65．who/that 66．are made 67．before 68．into 69．one 70．has been built
【辽宁卷题型】
(2014·银川一中一模)
Patient：Thank you for agreeing to see me on such short notice, doctor．
Doctor：Anything for my favorite patient! Now, what seems to be__61__matter?
Patient：It's my vision． I can't see well at night, and __62__ I wake up in the morning, it takes me a few minutes before I can see clearly．
Doctor：OK． I'm going to take a__63__(close) look． Just relax． How __64__ has this been going on?
Patient：A couple of weeks． I guess...wow, that's right!
Doctor：Does __65__ hurt when I do that?
Patient：Not exactly, it's just really bright．
Doctor：OK． Please, go on．
Patient：Well, I __66__(walk) down to the basement in my house about three weeks ago when I slipped and bumped my head pretty hard on the steps．
Doctor：Where exactly did you hit __67__ head?
Patient：Right on the back． I heard a loud sound when I hit it, but there was no blood and everything seemed to be okay．
Doctor：You didn't get it __68__(check) out then?
Patient：My wife said I should, but nothing was wrong, so I thought, why bother? Well, a week passed and all of a sudden I started to have problems with my sight． I first noticed it when I was driving back home __69__ work． It's gotten worse over the past week or so．
Doctor：I'm glad you came to see me． I'm going to order some tests, and I want to make an appointment for you to see a specialist tomorrow morning．__70__ (hope), it's nothing too serious．
61．______ 62．______ 63．______ 64．______ 65．______
66．______ 67．______ 68．______ 69．______ 70．______
答案：61．the 62．when 63．closer 64．long 65．it 66．was walking
67．your 68．checked 69．from 70．Hopefully
第四部分 写作(满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2014·新课标Ⅰ)
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden． Since then－for all these year－we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please． As result, the plants are growing somewhere． The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste． There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors． Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems． We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
答案：
Nearly five years ， and with the help our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden． Since then－for all these －we been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please． As result, the plants are growing ． The fruits are small in size, but juicy and ． There are so that we often share them with our neighbors． Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems． We are growing tomatoes at no cost!
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
据报道，某历史文化名城为了修建公路，将该市建于唐代的古城墙拆毁了。你们班就此现象进行了辩论。请根据以下辩论结果写一篇120～150的短文，并谈谈你的看法。
赞成(10%)
反对(90%)
你的观点
1．修建公路是社会发展的需要；
2．文化遗产在必要时应让步于社会发展。
1．古城墙具有极高的历史价值，是城市文明的象征之一；
2．文化遗产有利于我国与世界各国的文化交流。
注意：文章的开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。
It is reported that to build a road, a well-known historical and cultural city has recently torn down one of its ancient city walls dating from the Tang Dynasty． Our class have had a debate on...
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参考范文：
It_is reported that to build a road, a well-known historical and cultural city has recently torn down one of its ancient city walls dating from the Tang Dynasty． Our class have had a debate on whether cultural relics like ancient city walls should be torn down or not．
About 10% of the students support this action, saying building a road is necessary for the development of society． In their opinion, cultural relics should give way to the development of society if necessary． However, about 90% have the opposite opinion． They believe such an ancient city wall is very valuable and it is one of the symbols of the city． There is no doubt that cultural relics play an important part in communication between China and the rest of the world．
Personally, I think cultural relics are so valuable that we should protect them．
