Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the text on Pages 44～45 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．How did the sailors cheer themselves up
A．By enjoying meals and music.
B．By imagining beautiful things.
C．By looking out over the ocean.
D．By sailing around the island.
2．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．Illnesses. B．Hunger.
C．Weather. D．Clothes.
3．What was it that helped the sailors survive
A．Adequate food. B．Excellent life skills.
C．Fearless spirit. D．Positive attitude.
4．What is the sailors' attitude to Shackleton
A．Respectful. B．Grateful.
C．Sympathetic. D．Negative.
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①sail away 远航
②ahead of 在……前面
③desperate adj.绝望的
desperation n．绝望；拼命；铤而走险
④cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
⑤fall into a(n)．..pattern 陷入……模式
⑥make fire 生火
⑦give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
⑧oily adj.油的， 油脂的
⑨note v．记录；注解
n．笔记；音符；纸币；便笺
take note of注意到
note down记录；记下
⑩pretty well 几乎
sea creatures海洋生物
starve vt.&vi.(使)挨饿；饿死
freeze v．(使)冻结， 结冰
discipline n．纪律
team spirit 团队精神
optimistic adj.乐观的
deal with 处理
in a(n)．..way
以……的方式
episode
['ep s d] n.
(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
optimism n．乐观
(21)faith n．信任
faithful adj.忠实的， 忠诚的；守信的
(22)pay sb. back 报答， 报复；偿还
(23)commitment
[k 'm tm nt]
n. 承诺；保证；奉献
make a commitment
做出承诺
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
commit v．犯(错误、罪等)；承担义务， 使做出保证；投入
[原文呈现]
THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away① from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of② them. [1] Would they ever return to find us What might happen to them What if they were delayed [2] We felt so alone and desperate③.But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up④.
[1]本句中It作形式主语， 不定式作真正的主语。
[2]“What if...”为省略结构， 意为“如果……会怎样”， 在本句中引出虚拟语气。
Life fell into a regular pattern⑤. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire⑥？ There were no trees growing on Antarctica [3] and no oil, so the only fuel we could use [4] was animal fat. This gave off⑦ oily⑧， black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
[3]此处是现在分词短语作定语， 修饰trees。
[4]此处是省略了引导词that的定语从句， 修饰先行词fuel, 引导词在从句中作宾语。
Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island [5]. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted⑨in his diary about how bored he was with the meals [6]：“The food now is pretty well⑩ all meat of sea creatures .”If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve . [7] As a chef, it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.But it was difficult.
[5]此处是as引导的原因状语从句。
[6]此处是how引导的宾语从句。
[7]本句是if引导的虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实不符的假设。
We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires [8]. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs.
[8]此处是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句， 修饰先行词fat。
The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way . We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal [9].This was an episode in my life that I would never forget [10].
[9]此处是when引导的定语从句。
[10]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰an episode。
When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. [11]We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith21 in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back22 by his commitment23 to save us from a slow but painful death.
[11]本句中When引导时间状语从句， “such...that...”引导结果状语从句。
[课文翻译]
对坚持不懈的奖赏
我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离象岛。很容易想象他们面前的危险。他们还会回来找我们吗？他们会怎么样呢？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到无比孤独和绝望。不过这种情况时间不长。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一些音乐能让我们振作起来的。
生活有了规律。活下去花了我们所有的时间和精力。例如， 我们需要水， 而象岛没有。我们发现我们可以使海洋里的冰融化， 喝来自海洋的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
食物也是个问题， 因为在岛上我们没有找到任何蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一名成员莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特在他的日记中记录了他对现有食物的厌倦：“现在的食物基本上都是海洋生物的肉。”要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。作为一名厨师， 做饭是我的职责， 所以我尽可能用任何我能想到的方法来改变食物， 但这很难。
我们必须小心， 不要经常外出， 因为温度的变化会使我们生病。因为穿太多衣服而太热和因为穿太少而太冷几乎是同样危险的。汗水很快就会凝结。我们中的许多人也因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它损害了我们的眼睛， 灼伤了我们的肺。
我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观， 并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。我们也庆祝我们的生日、节日， 甚至庆祝我们捕获海洋动物的时刻。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。我们终于可以自由地回家了， 有温暖的床， 好吃的食物， 还有家人和朋友的关心。我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信心帮助我们坚持生存下去。他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a ________ dog 一条忠实的狗
2．the perfect ________ for the job
这项工作的最佳人选
3．start the ________ 启动发动机
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ [r f] adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→roughly adv.粗略地
2．________ [k 'm tm nt] n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit v．犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
3．________ ['m t v] n．动机；原因；目的→motivation n．动机
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．____________ 生火
2．____________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
3．____________ 在……前面
4．____________ 使……振作
5．____________ 陷入……
6．____________ 对……厌倦
7．____________ 报名参加
8．____________ 精神状态很好
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]if引导虚拟条件句
[教材] If it weren't for sea animals, we ________________．
如果没有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
2．[句型]There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
[教材]____________________ on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
3．[句型]感叹句
[教材]____________________ when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
4．[句型]as...as...意为“和……一样”， 表示同级比较
[教材]How could I become __________________ Thomas Orde-Lees!
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
5．[句型]such...that...如此……以至……
When we were finally rescued, we felt ________________many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们感到非常轻松， 欣喜万分， 以至于我们中有许多人无法掩饰自己的眼泪。
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P44)We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire
我们发现， 我们可以融化海洋里的冰， 喝下海洋里的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？
◎make fire 生火
be on fire 着火了
catch fire 着火
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth.
放火烧某物
play with fire 玩火；冒险
[佳句] Every year on that day folks mourn for Qu Yuan and eat cold meals, which avoids making fire.
每年的那一天人们哀悼屈原， 吃冷食， 这就避免了生火。
[写美]——应用文佳句/一句多译
①橱柜十分钟前突然着火了。换句话说， 橱柜已经着火十分钟了。
The cupboard suddenly ____________________. In other words, the cupboard __________________________．
②如果你要接近一位脾气暴躁的人， 你妈妈或许会告诉你“不要玩火”。
If you are about to approach a bad-tempered man, your mother might tell you not ______________________________．
③我试图用火柴点燃木头， 但是只冒出了烟。
I attempted ____________________， but produced only smoke.
I attempted ____________________， but produced only smoke.
2(教材P44)There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
◎句型公式：There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
(1)There be＋主语＋doing(表示主动和进行)；
(2)There be＋主语＋done(表示被动或完成)；
(3)There be＋主语＋to do(表示动作尚未发生)。
[佳句] There is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.
有证据表明这一趋势正在增长。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There are still many problems ________ (solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
②In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels ________ (publish) in Britain.
3(教材P44)This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
◎give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
give away 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)
give back 归还
give in 屈服， 让步；交上
give up 放弃
give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；精疲力竭
[佳句] Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.
自行车不会排放废气， 因此他们是环保的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The rotting bananas are giving ________a bad smell, so you'd better throw them away.
②With great perseverance, I will never give ________ to any hardship. Neither will I give ________ my dream of being admitted to Peking University.
③Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. When she had time, she would give ________ food and medicine to the poor.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④为了创建一个生态友好的校园， 学生会呼吁高三学生把他们用过的书捐赠出去。
To create an eco-friendly campus, the Student Association appeals to Senior Three students ______________________．
4(教材P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.
要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
◎句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/ might＋动词原形
与过去事实 相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/ might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实 相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/ might＋动词原形
[佳句] If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.
如果我是一名环卫工人， 我会让我们的城市更干净， 街上没有任何垃圾。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①If I ________ (be) you, I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future.
②If you should accept my application, I ________ (spare) no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
③If I had followed my teacher's advice, I ________ (win) the first prize in the competition.
[写美]——应用文之感谢信
④要不是你的帮助， 我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
______________________， I wouldn't have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
5(教材P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。
◎句型公式：“such...that...”意为“如此……以至……”
(1)“such...that...”句型的常见形式：
(2)“so...that...”句型的常见形式：
(3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时， 主句用部分倒装。
[佳句] He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他取得了如此大的进步， 以至老师们对他很满意。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①They are ________ interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
②There were ________ many people in the street watching the big fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
[写美]——句式升级
③The volleyball match is so important that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.
→__________________________________ everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒装句)
6(教材P45)And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
◎commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献
(1)make a commitment to do/doing sth.
承诺做某事
(2)commit v. 犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入
commit a crime/mistake
犯罪/犯错误
commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
承诺(做)某事
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth.
承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
[佳句] He made a commitment that he would attend the ceremony on behalf of his school.
他承诺会代表学校出席典礼。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I strongly suggest that you commit an hour to ________ (read)the newspaper every morning.
②Tom is a ________ (commit) member of the team and is highly thought of by other players.
[写美]——一句多译
我已承诺会全力帮助你学习英语。
③I ____________________thoroughly help you with your English study.
④I ____________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
⑤I ____________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
1．A 2.A 3.D 4.B
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．loyal 2.candidate 3.motor
Ⅱ.
1．rough 2.commitment 3.motive
Ⅲ.
1．make fire 2.give off 3.ahead of 4.cheer...up 5.fall into 6.be bored with 7.sign up for 8.in good spirits
Ⅳ.
1．would all starve
2．There were no trees growing
3．How everyone will envy me
4．as selfish and bad tempered as
5．such relief and joy that
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①caught fire ten minutes ago
has been on fire for ten minutes
②to play with fire
③to set fire to the wood with a match
to set the wood on fire with a match
2．①to be solved ②published
3．①off ②in up ③out ④to give away their used books
4．①were ②would spare ③would have won ④If it hadn't been for your help
5．①such ②so ③So important is the volleyball match that
6．①reading ②committed ③have made a commitment to ④have committed myself to ⑤have been committed to(共39张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the text on Pages 44～45 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．How did the sailors cheer themselves up
A．By enjoying meals and music.
B．By imagining beautiful things.
C．By looking out over the ocean.
D．By sailing around the island.
A
2．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4
A．Illnesses. B．Hunger.
C．Weather. D．Clothes.
A
3．What was it that helped the sailors survive
A．Adequate food. B．Excellent life skills.
C．Fearless spirit. D．Positive attitude.
D
4．What is the sailors' attitude to Shackleton
A．Respectful. B．Grateful.
C．Sympathetic. D．Negative.
B
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①sail away 远航
②ahead of 在……前面
③desperate adj.绝望的
desperation n．绝望；拼命；铤而走险
④cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
⑤fall into a(n)．..pattern 陷入……模式
⑥make fire 生火
⑦give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
⑧oily adj.油的， 油脂的
⑨note v．记录；注解
n．笔记；音符；纸币；便笺
take note of注意到
note down记录；记下
⑩pretty well 几乎
sea creatures海洋生物
starve vt.& vi.(使)挨饿；饿死
freeze v．(使)冻结， 结冰
discipline n．纪律
team spirit 团队精神
optimistic adj.乐观的
deal with 处理
in a(n)．..way 以……的方式
episode
['ep s d] n.(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
optimism n．乐观
(21)faith n．信任
faithful adj.忠实的， 忠诚的；守信的
(22)pay sb. back 报答， 报复；偿还
(23)commitment
[k 'm tm nt]n. 承诺；保证；奉献
make a commitment做出承诺
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
commit v．犯(错误、罪等)；承担义务， 使做出保证；投入
[原文呈现]
THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE
We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away① from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of② them. [1] Would they ever return to find us What might happen to them What if they were delayed [2] We felt so alone and desperate③.But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up④.
[1]本句中It作形式主语， 不定式作真正的主语。
[2]“What if...”为省略结构， 意为“如果……会怎样”， 在本句中引出虚拟语气。
Life fell into a regular pattern⑤. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire⑥？ There were no trees growing on Antarctica [3] and no oil, so the only fuel we could use [4] was animal fat. This gave off⑦ oily⑧， black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
[3]此处是现在分词短语作定语， 修饰trees。
[4]此处是省略了引导词that的定语从句， 修饰先行词fuel, 引导词在从句中作宾语。
Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island [5]. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted⑨in his diary about how bored he was with the meals [6]：“The food now is pretty well⑩ all meat of sea creatures .” If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve . [7] As a chef, it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.But it was difficult.
[5]此处是as引导的原因状语从句。
[6]此处是how引导的宾语从句。
[7]本句是if引导的虚拟条件句， 表示与现在事实不符的假设。
We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires [8]. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs.
[8]此处是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句， 修饰先行词fat。
The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way . We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal [9].This was an episode in my life that I would never forget [10].
[9]此处是when引导的定语从句。
[10]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰an episode。
When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. [11]We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith21 in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back22 by his commitment23 to save us from a slow but painful death.
[11]本句中When引导时间状语从句， “such...that...”引导结果状语从句。
[课文翻译]
对坚持不懈的奖赏
我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离象岛。很容易想象他们面前的危险。他们还会回来找我们吗？他们会怎么样呢？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到无比孤独和绝望。不过这种情况时间不长。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一些音乐能让我们振作起来的。
生活有了规律。活下去花了我们所有的时间和精力。例如， 我们需要水， 而象岛没有。我们发现我们可以使海洋里的冰融化， 喝来自海洋的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
食物也是个问题， 因为在岛上我们没有找到任何蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一名成员莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特在他的日记中记录了他对现有食物的厌倦：“现在的食物基本上都是海洋生物的肉。”要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。作为一名厨师， 做饭是我的职责， 所以我尽可能用任何我能想到的方法来改变食物， 但这很难。
我们必须小心， 不要经常外出， 因为温度的变化会使我们生病。因为穿太多衣服而太热和因为穿太少而太冷几乎是同样危险的。汗水很快就会凝结。我们中的许多人也因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它损害了我们的眼睛， 灼伤了我们的肺。
我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观， 并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。我们也庆祝我们的生日、节日， 甚至庆祝我们捕获海洋动物的时刻。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。我们终于可以自由地回家了， 有温暖的床， 好吃的食物， 还有家人和朋友的关心。我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信心帮助我们坚持生存下去。他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a ________ dog 一条忠实的狗
2．the perfect ________ for the job
这项工作的最佳人选
3．start the ________ 启动发动机
loyal
candidate
motor
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ [r f] adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→roughly adv.粗略地
2．__________ [k 'm tm nt] n．承诺；保证；奉献→commit v．犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
3．________ ['m t v] n．动机；原因；目的→motivation n．动机
rough
commitment
motive
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．____________ 生火
2．____________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
3．____________ 在……前面
4．____________ 使……振作
5．____________ 陷入……
6．____________ 对……厌倦
7．____________ 报名参加
8．____________ 精神状态很好
make fire
give off
ahead of
cheer...up
fall into
be bored with
sign up for
in good spirits
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]if引导虚拟条件句
[教材] If it weren't for sea animals, we ____________．
如果没有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
2．[句型]There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
[教材]____________________ on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
would all starve
There were no trees growing
3．[句型]感叹句
[教材]______________________ when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
4．[句型]as...as...意为“和……一样”， 表示同级比较
[教材]How could I become _______________________ Thomas Orde-Lees!
我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！
5．[句型]such...that...如此……以至……
When we were finally rescued, we felt ____________________many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们感到非常轻松， 欣喜万分， 以至于我们中有许多人无法掩饰自己的眼泪。
How everyone will envy me
as selfish and bad tempered as
such relief and joy that
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P44)We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire
我们发现， 我们可以融化海洋里的冰， 喝下海洋里的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？
◎make fire 生火
be on fire 着火了
catch fire 着火
set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 放火烧某物
play with fire 玩火；冒险
[佳句] Every year on that day folks mourn for Qu Yuan and eat cold meals, which avoids making fire.
每年的那一天人们哀悼屈原， 吃冷食， 这就避免了生火。
[写美]——应用文佳句/一句多译
①橱柜十分钟前突然着火了。换句话说， 橱柜已经着火十分钟了。
The cupboard suddenly ____________________. In other words, the cupboard ________________________．
②如果你要接近一位脾气暴躁的人， 你妈妈或许会告诉你“不要玩火”。
If you are about to approach a bad-tempered man, your mother might tell you not _____________．
③我试图用火柴点燃木头， 但是只冒出了烟。
I attempted __________________________， but produced only smoke.
I attempted __________________________， but produced only smoke.
caught fire ten minutes ago
has been on fire for ten minutes
to play with fire
to set fire to the wood with a match
to set the wood on fire with a match
2(教材P44)There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.
南极洲没有树木生长， 也没有石油， 所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。
◎句型公式：There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
(1)There be＋主语＋doing(表示主动和进行)；
(2)There be＋主语＋done(表示被动或完成)；
(3)There be＋主语＋to do(表示动作尚未发生)。
[佳句] There is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.
有证据表明这一趋势正在增长。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There are still many problems __________ (solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
②In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels ________ (publish) in Britain.
to be solved
published
3(教材P44)This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.
它散发出油腻的黑烟， 但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。
◎give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
give away 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)
give back 归还
give in 屈服， 让步；交上
give up 放弃
give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；精疲力竭
[佳句] Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.
自行车不会排放废气， 因此他们是环保的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The rotting bananas are giving ________a bad smell, so you'd better throw them away.
②With great perseverance, I will never give ________ to any hardship. Neither will I give ________ my dream of being admitted to Peking University.
③Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. When she had time, she would give ________ food and medicine to the poor.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④为了创建一个生态友好的校园， 学生会呼吁高三学生把他们用过的书捐赠出去。
To create an eco-friendly campus, the Student Association appeals to Senior Three students ______________________．
off
in
up
out
to give away their used books
4(教材P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve.
要不是有海洋动物， 我们都会饿死。
◎句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实 相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/
might＋动词原形
与过去事实 相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/
might＋have＋过去分词
与将来事实 相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/
might＋动词原形
[佳句] If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.
如果我是一名环卫工人， 我会让我们的城市更干净， 街上没有任何垃圾。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①If I ________ (be) you, I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future.
②If you should accept my application, I __________ (spare) no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
③If I had followed my teacher's advice, I ____________ (win) the first prize in the competition.
[写美]——应用文之感谢信
④要不是你的帮助， 我就不会在英语写作比赛中获得一等奖。
______________________， I wouldn't have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
were
would spare
would have won
If it hadn't been for your help
5(教材P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.
当我们最终获救时， 我们如释重负， 感到无比喜悦， 以至许多人哭了起来。
◎句型公式：“such...that...”意为“如此……以至……”
(1)“such...that...”句型的常见形式：
(2)“so...that...”句型的常见形式：
(3)当so/such及其后成分放在句首时， 主句用部分倒装。
[佳句] He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他取得了如此大的进步， 以至老师们对他很满意。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①They are ________ interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
②There were ________ many people in the street watching the big fire that firefighters could not get close to the building.
[写美]——句式升级
③The volleyball match is so important that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.
→_____________________________ everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒装句)
such
so
So important is the volleyball match that
6(教材P45)And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.
他也兑现了他的承诺， 将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。
◎commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献
(1)make a commitment to do/doing sth. 承诺做某事
(2)commit v. 犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入
commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/犯错误
commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺(做)某事
committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
[佳句] He made a commitment that he would attend the ceremony on behalf of his school.
他承诺会代表学校出席典礼。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I strongly suggest that you commit an hour to ________ (read)the newspaper every morning.
②Tom is a ________ (commit) member of the team and is highly thought of by other players.
[写美]——一句多译
我已承诺会全力帮助你学习英语。
③I ____________________thoroughly help you with your English study.
④I ____________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
⑤I __________________ thoroughly helping you with your English study.
reading
committed
have made a commitment to
have committed myself to
have been committed to
