Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part 1课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A．Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much．
B．Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C．Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much．
D.Perce Blackborow's diary about the great expedition.
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Part 1(Para.1)________
Part 2(Paras.2～4)________
Part 3(Paras.5～7)________
Part 4(Paras.8～14)________
A．Perce Blackborow joined the expedition.
B.Perce Blackborow's reason for joining the expedition.
C.They encouraged each other in the face of difficulties.
D.The journey was not easy.
Task 2文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 38～39 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．When Perce Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first, he was ________．
A．angry and disappointed
B．hopeless and disappointed
C．satisfied and excited
D．worried and angry
2．Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because the banjo was valuable.
B．Because Shackleton liked the banjo.
C．Because the banjo was small.
D．Because Hussey could play it to keep our spirits up.
3．Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage
A．While we were at Elephant Island, we fed on a seal or a penguin.
B．Frank was the kindest man of all the crew.
C．Shackleton left the Elephant Island for help by himself.
D．Thomas Orde-Lees was a little selfish and bad-tempered.
4．Which of the following did not make Perce hopeful for the future
A．Frank and Ernest's patience and kindness.
B．Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others.
C．Frank and Ernest's perseverance.
D．Frank and Ernest's resolve.
Task 3文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the mood.(细读短文并找出心理描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________________________
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe a person.(细读短文并找出人物描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment. (细读短文并找出环境描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________________________
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①expedition [ eksp 'd n] n. 探险；远征；探险队
②endurance [ n'dj r ns] n. 忍耐力；耐久力
endure v．忍耐， 容忍
③of one's day 在某人那个年代
④diary entry 日记
⑤vigour (NAmE vigor)
['v ɡ (r)] n．精力；力量；活力
full of vigour充满活力
vigorous adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的
⑥apply to do sth.申请做某事
⑦turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
⑧qualified ['kw l fa d] adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
be qualified to 能胜任
qualify v．使具有资格；取得资格
⑨enthusiastic
[ n θju zi' st k]
adj. 热情的；热心的
be enthusiastic about 热衷于， 对……充满热情
enthusiasm n. 热情， 热忱
⑩go along with和……一起去
aboard [ 'b d] adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
go aboard 上船；上飞机
cupboard ['k b d] n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
unfortunately
[ n'f t n tli]
adv.不幸地；遗憾地
set off 出发， 动身
assign [ 'sa n]vt.分派；布置；分配
assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事
assignment n．(分派的)工作；任务
steward ['stju d] n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
stewardess n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)女乘务员；女服务员
serve vt.(给某人) 提供；端上；服务
envy ['envi] n．&vt.羡慕；妒忌
out of envy 出于妒忌
well and truly 确实地；准确地
crush [kr ] vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n．拥挤的人群
sink [s k] vi.(sank or sunk, sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
abandon [ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
stove [st uv] n．炉具；厨房灶具
blanket ['bl k t] n．毯子
panic v．(使)惊慌
belongings [b 'l z]
n. [pl.]财物；动产
personal belongings 私人物品
banjo ['b nd ] n. 班卓琴(乐器)
keep one's spirits up 振奋某人的精神
from bad to worse 每况愈下；越来越糟
miserable ['m zr bl] adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
soon after 稍后， 不久以后
voyage ['v d ] n．&vi.航海；航行
make a voyage 出海；航行
make it 成功做到
navy ['ne vi] n．海军；海军部队
naval adj.海军的， 军舰的
feel low 情绪不高
decent ['di snt] adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 decently adv.正派地；高雅地
cosy ['k zi] adj.温馨的；舒适的
be interrupted by 被……打断
a rush of 一阵……
hold on 坚持
turn into 变成， 进入
selfish ['self ] adj. 自私的
good/bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的
genuine ['d enju n] adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 genuinely adv.真诚地；诚实地
perseverance [ p s 'v r ns]
n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
persevere [ p s 'v (r)]
vi.坚持；孜孜以求
resolve [r 'z lv] vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
resolution [ rez 'lu n] n．决议；解决；坚定
after all 毕竟， 终究
[原文呈现]
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition① with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance② in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day③ and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions [1]. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries④.
[1]此处it作形式主语， to be part of his expeditions是不定式短语作真正的主语。
31 Oct 1914
．..Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition [2].
[2]“it so happened that...”意为“碰巧……”。此处it作形式主语， that引导的从句作真正的主语。
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of [3]. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour⑤. However, when I applied to⑥ join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down⑦ because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified⑧. But I was so enthusiastic⑨ about the idea of going along with⑩ them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard . [4] Unfortunately ， three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward ， and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
[3]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词adventure。
[4]本句是“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句， 意为“如此……以至……”。
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
21 Nov 1915
The journey has not been easy.Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica [5]. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sankB21 [6], our hearts sank with it．
[5]此处是as引导的时间状语从句。
[6]此处是when引导的时间状语从句。
Before we abandonedB22 the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stoveB23, candles, clothes, and blanketsB24. This was no time to panicB25. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongingsB26, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjoB27. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits upB28.
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, [7] and the ice will soon begin to melt．
[7]此处是现在进行时表示将来。
20 May 1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worseB29. We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserableB30 place. Soon afterB31 we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1，320 kilometres away—the voyageB32 was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make itB33 in our small boats [8].
If Shackleton fails, [9] will we have any hope of rescue No. No navyB34 in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here [10].
[8]此处是“too...to...”结构， 意为“太……而不能……”。
[9]此处是if引导的真实条件句。
[10]此处是that引导的宾语从句。
I feel lowB35. It's cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decentB36 food, warm and dry clothes, a cosyB37 bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face...However, these happy memories are soon interrupted byB38 a sudden cold rush ofB39 air.
I shouted, “Shut the door！”
“Hold onB40 now, Perce. Don't you go turning intoB41 another Tom, ” came the reply.“We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfishB42 and bad-temperedB43 as Thomas Orde-Lees! [11]
[11]本句是一个感叹句， 结构为“How＋副词＋主语＋谓语(行为动词)！”。
Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. [12] Their genuineB44 concern for others, their perseveranceB45, and their resolveB46 fill me with hope.
[12]本句中without表示条件， 引出虚拟语气。
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after allB47.
[课文翻译]
一次成功的失败
珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍号”南极探险之旅。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一， 参加他的探险活动被认为是一种极大的荣誉。以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
1914年10月31日
……嗯， 碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸， 看到了有关南极探险的广告。
与伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险——这是我梦寐以求的探险。我已经准备好了。我19岁， 身体健康， 充满活力。然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。但我对与他们一同探险充满了热情， 于是我偷偷地登上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在了一个小橱柜里。不幸的是， 我们出发三天后， 我就被发现了。沙克尔顿不想返回， 所以他给了我一份工作， 就在他向我保证过“如果有人要被吃掉， 那么你就是第一个！”后。他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
1915年11月21日
这段旅程并不容易。当我们接近南极洲时， “坚忍号”被困在了冰里。冰把我们周围都冻住了， 我们彻底被困住了！我们看到船被冰压坏了。船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资——小船、我们的食物、炉灶、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。现在不是恐慌的时候。我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。但令我们吃惊的是， 他让赫西保留了他的班卓琴。赫西经常弹奏它来振奋我们的精神。
我们现在在冰上扎营， 我们一直在设法生存。但是春天要来了， 冰很快就会开始融化。
1916年5月20日
我们已经挣扎了好几天了， 但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。我们现在在这个令人难受的地方的岩石岸边， 挤在我们的一只小船下面。我们到达后不久， 沙克尔顿就离开了我们， 到1 320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。如果沙克尔顿失败了， 我们还有得救的希望吗？不。世界上没有海军会在象岛停留， 也没有其他人知道我们在这里。
我情绪不高。天气又冷又多风。岛上没有植物。有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅吃， 否则就没有食物。我试图去想更快乐的事情：像样的食物、温暖干燥的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光明媚的日子， 还有我妈妈的脸庞……然而， 这些快乐的回忆很快就被突然袭来的冷空气打断了。
我喊道：“关门！”
“现在要坚持住啊， 珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆。”传来了回答。“我们又抓了一只企鹅， 所以今晚是企鹅汤！”
上帝保佑弗兰克·怀尔德， 继我们的领袖欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之后最善良的人。我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私且脾气坏呢！
如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特， 我们早就死了。他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
也许我们终究还是有机会回家的。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．in face of ________ 面对逆境
2．________ cold 严寒
3．join an ________ 加入一个探险队
4．show remarkable ________
展现出非凡的忍耐力
5．be full of ________ 充满活力
6．go ________ the ship 登船
7．out of ________ 出于妒忌
8．begin to ________ 开始下沉
9．electric __________ 电热毯
10．a ________ place 一个悲惨的地方
11．a dangerous ________ 一次危险的航海
12．join the ________ 参加海军
13．a ________ bedroom 一间舒适的卧室
14．selfish and ________ 自私且脾气坏
15．show ________ concern for others
对他人表现出真诚的关心
16．be ________ to Oliver 对奥利弗很残忍
17．a ________ investigation 一次彻底的调查
18．buy some new ________ 买一些新家具
19．be cold and ________ 又冷又湿
20．combine education with ________
把教育与娱乐结合起来
21．under one's ________ 在某人的指导下
22．an ________ campaign 一个广告宣传活动
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ ['kw l fa d] adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualification n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．________[ n θju zi' st k] adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热心地→enthusiasm n．热心；热情
3．________[ 'sa n] vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．任务；作业；分配；指派
4．________[ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
5．________ [b 'l ? ?z] n．财物；动产→belong vi.属于
6．________ ['self ] adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私自利
7．________ [ p s 'v (r)] vi.坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
8．________ [r 'z lv] vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
9．________ ['f t n tli] adv.幸运地→fortune n．机遇；运气→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
-ance 常用于动词之后构成名词。
endure v．→endurance n. 忍耐力； 耐久力
persevere v．→________ n. 毅力； 任性
perform v．→________ n. 表演； 表现
appear v．→________ n. 出现； 容貌
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 梦想
2．________________ 拒绝某人
3．________________ 出发， 使爆炸
4．________________ 被……困住
5．________________ 扔掉
6．________________ 让某人惊讶的是
7．________________ 振奋某人的精神
8．________________ 每况愈下
9．________________ 握住；坚持不懈；稍等
10．________________ 成功做到
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]完全倒装
[教材]__________________ Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记．
2．[句型]It happened that...碰巧．.....
[教材]Well, ________________ one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
好吧， 一天早晨， 我碰巧买了份报纸， 看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
3．[句型]too...to...意为 “太……而不能……”
[教材]The voyage was ________________ for all of us ________________ in our small boats.
这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了， 乘坐小船肯定无法让每个人都到达。
4．[句型]as long as引导条件状语从句
[教材]It will eventually lead to success ____________ you persevere.
只要你坚持下去， 最终就会成功。
5．[句型]so...that...如此……以至于……， 在句中引导结果状语从句。
[教材]But I was __________________________________________ I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我非常想跟他们一起去， 于是我偷偷上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在一个小柜子里。
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
[翻译]然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻， 并且不够资格。
[翻译]当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！
Part 2课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P38)Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
◎句型公式：完全倒装
(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语， 而主语较长且主语是名词时， 为了保持句子平衡或强调表语， 常把表语放在句首， 引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”；
(2)表示处所、方位、时间等的副词如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off等或介词(短语)放在句首， 而主语是名词， 且谓语动词是be, sit, lie, stand, come, go, exist, live, rush等不及物动词时， 句子用完全倒装。
[佳句] Here are some practical suggestions on how to promote the campus cultural construction. 下面就如何推进校园文化建设提出一些切实可行的建议。
[写美]——完成句子
①我们学校前面有一条美丽的河流， 放学后我们可以在那里放松自己。
________________________________， where we will relax ourselves after school.
②出席晚会的有格林先生， 还有许多其他的宾客。
__________________________ Mr. Green and many other guests.
③公共汽车坐满了人， 前面坐着许多孩子。
________________________ in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.
2(教材P38)However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified.
然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。
◎turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)；调小
turn...down 把……调低
turn to 求助于；转向；翻至(某一页)
turn up 出现；把……调高
turn over 翻过来；移交
turn out 结果是……；生产， 制造
[佳句] When I turned to him for help, he turned me down without hesitation, which made me very upset.
当我向他求助时， 他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我， 这让我很沮丧。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]This time, she turned ________ the fire so it cooked nicely.
②I sincerely hope your trip in China will turn ________ a most unforgettable experience in life.
③My genuine friend promised that he would turn________ at my birthday party.
[写美]——读后续写之动作描写
④他经历了一些痛苦的事情， 睡不着觉， 在床上不时地翻来覆去。
Having undergone something miserable, he did not fall asleep, ____________________________．
◎qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
(1)be qualified for sth. 有资格获得某物
be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事
(2)qualify vt.&vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格
qualify sb. to do sth. (使)某人有资格做某事
(3)qualification n. 资格；资历；资格证书
[佳句] With a good command of English, I am quite qualified for the job.我的英语很好，完全可以胜任这份工作。(申请信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
⑤I wasn't qualified ________ (apply) for the job really but I got it anyhow.
⑥Last year, one in five boys left school without a ________ (qualify)．
[写美]——应用文之推荐信
⑦I'm greatly convinced that my friend Wang Ming ____________________ (能胜任这份工作). Not only does he have abundant teaching experience but he is enthusiastic and genuine, ________________________________ (使他也有资格帮助你儿子取得进步)．
3(教材P38)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我对与他们同行的想法非常感兴趣， 于是我偷偷地上了“坚忍号”轮船， 藏在一个小橱柜里。
◎enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.
对(做)某事热情
be enthusiastic to do sth. 做某事很热情
(2)enthusiasm n. 热心；热忱；热情
lack/be full of enthusiasm 缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically)
热情地
[佳句] Engaged employees are more likely to be enthusiastic about satisfying customer needs.
敬业的员工更有可能对满足客户的需求充满热情。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The young girl is very enthusiastic ________ (read) a novel in her spare time.
②He is selfish and bad-tempered.Thus, he will never be enthusiastic ________ helping those in trouble.
③[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Inspired by the ________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
④[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ， 读后续写]尽管失败了几次， 伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn __________________________ in spite of several failures.
◎aboard adv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
(1)go aboard the bus/train/ship/plane
上公共汽车/火车/轮船/飞机
Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐(车、船、飞机)!
(2)board n. 板
v. 登记；上船
on board 在船/火车/飞机上
(3)abroad adv. 在国外；到海外
adj. 往国外的
both at home and abroad
国内外
[佳句] According to the airline rules, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding the plane.
根据航空公司的规定， 我们建议你在登机前关掉手机。
[练通]——补全句子
⑤He was tall ________________ (有宽宽的肩膀)and a beard and always __________________ (面带微笑)．
⑥Learning that you will ____________________________________ (国外深造), I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don'ts.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑦这对年轻夫妇一上船， 他们就吃东西、说话、大笑， 好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
The instant ____________________________________________， they were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
4(教材P38)He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
◎assign vt.分派；布置；分配
(1)assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb. sth. ＝ assign sth. to sb.
给某人分配(布置)某物/某事
(2)assignment n. 任务；作业；分配；指派
[佳句] The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the party the next week.
班长让我们为下周的派对做准备。
[写美]——应用文之节日活动
During the Tree Planting Day, our monitor ________________________ (分配给每名学生一个具体的任务). I __________________ (被派去挖) the pits and ______________________________ (我同桌的任务) was to put soil into the pits.
5(教材P38)How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
◎envy n. &vt.羡慕；妒忌
(1)envy sb. sth. 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕某人做某事
(2)with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
out of envy 出于嫉妒
green with envy 嫉妒地眼红
[佳句] Honestly speaking, I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说， 我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号， 我应该向你学习。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Only she has access to such precious resources, which ________ (envy) by her fellows.
②All the girls at the dance watched her ________ envy when she danced with the prince.
[写美]——读后续写情感描写
③当我在学校文化艺术节上进行才艺表演时， 我的朋友非常羡慕。
My friends ____________________ when I gave a talent show at our school's cultural art festival.
6(教材P38)And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
◎sink (sank/sunk, sunk, sinking)vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
sink into /down/back 颓然坐下/重重倒下
one' s heart/spirits sink 心情沉重； 情绪低落
a sinking feeling/ship 颓丧感/沉船
[佳句] With a sinking heart, he dragged his feet on the way home.
他心情沉重， 拖着沉重的脚步回家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She murmured her thanks and ________ ( sink) down into her chair.
②For a long time, he just stared at the blank before him, merrily, ________ (sink) in sweet memories in the past.
[写美]——读后续写之情感描写
③她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。
____________. She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't hold back her tears.
7(教材P38)Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies.
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资。
◎abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．放任；放纵
(1)abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于……
[佳句] We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health, such as smoking and drinking.
我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯， 如吸烟、喝酒等。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ________ (abandon)．
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ________ abandon.
[写美]——句型转换
I abandoned myself to computer games. I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
③→__________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
④→__________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
8(教材P38)We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold.
我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。
◎belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产
(1)belonging n. 归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belong vi. 属于
belong to 属于……；是……的成员
[佳句] When he joined the club, he felt a sense of belonging. 他加入俱乐部时， 感觉到了一种归属感。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My heart sank when I learned that all my ________ (belong) had been stolen.
②In my opinion, you'd better put the book where it ________ (belong)．
[写美]——一句多译
众所周知， 中国是属于第三世界的国家。
③It is known to us that China is a country ____________ the Third World.(定语从句)
④As is known to us, China is a country ____________ the Third World.(分词作定语)
[温馨提示] belong to 不用于进行时和被动语态。
9(教材P39)The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。
◎句型公式：“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
(1)“too＋adj./adv.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示否定意义， 意为“太……而(某人)不能……”；
(2)当“too...to...”用来修饰表现人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词， 如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时， 不定式表达肯定意义；
(3)“can't/can never...too...”意为“再怎么……也不过分”。
[佳句] [2021·浙江卷1月读后续写]It was too difficult for me to pull my head out of the giant pumpkin. Hence, I was too eager to turn to my father for assistance.
把我的头从巨大的南瓜里拔出来对我来说太难了。 因此， 我急于向父亲寻求帮助。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①得知你在比赛中获得了一等奖我太高兴了， 因此我写信表示祝贺。(应用文之祝贺信)
I am ________________ that you have won the first prize in the contest, so I'm writing to convey my sincere congratulations.
②要不是你慷慨的帮助， 我不会找到这样一份体面的工作。因此， 我怎么感谢你都不为过。(应用文之感谢信)
But for your generous help, I wouldn't have found a decent job. ______________________．
10(教材P39)Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
◎resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
(1)resolve to do sth. 决定做某事
resolve on 决定/决心……
(2)resolution n. 决定；解决；坚定
[佳句] I have resolved to assign the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
我已经决定把这项最具挑战性的任务分配给汤姆——一个既勤奋又热情的人。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We must find a way ____________ (resolve) these problems before it's too late.
②Once she has made a ________ (resolve) to do it, you won't get her to change her mind.
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1
1．D 2.BADC
Task 2
1．C 2.D 3.B 4.A
Task 3
1．(1)And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
(2)This was no time to panic.
(3)I feel low.
2．(1)At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour.
(2)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
(3)How could I become as selfish and bad tempered as Thomas Orde Lees!
(4)Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
3．(1)The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck!
(2)We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
(3)It's cold and windy.
(4)The island has no plants.
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．adversity 2.bitter 3.expedition 4.endurance 5.vigour
6．aboard 7.envy 8.sink 9.blanket 10.miserable
11．voyage 12.navy 13.cosy 14.bad tempered
15．genuine 16.cruel 17.thorough 18.furniture
19．damp 20.recreation 21.guidance 22.advertising
Ⅱ.
1．qualified 2.enthusiastic 3.assign 4.abandon
5．belongings 6.selfish 7.persevere 8.resolve
9．fortunately
构词规律 perseverance performance appearance
Ⅲ.
1．dream of 2.turn sb. down 3.set off 4.become stuck in 5.throw away 6.to one's surprise 7.keep one's spirits up 8.from bad to worse 9.hold on 10.make it
Ⅳ.
1．Below are some of
2．it so happened that
3．too dangerous and difficult to make it
4．as long as
5．so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that
Ⅴ.
1．时间状语；原因状语；宾语
2．感叹；时间状语；定语
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①In front of our school lies a beautiful river ②Present at the party were ③Crowded was the bus
2．①down ②out ③up ④turning over in bed from time to time ⑤to apply ⑥qualification ⑦is qualified for the job which qualifies him to help your son make progress
3．①to read ②about ③enthusiasm
④enthusiastically/with enthusiasm
⑤with broad shoulders wore a broad smile
⑥go abroad for further study
⑦the young couple boarded/ went aboard the ship
4．assigned a specific task to each student was assigned to dig my deskmate's assignment
5．①is envied ②with ③were green with envy
6．①sank/sunk ②sinking ③Her heart sank
7．①abandoned ②with ③Abandoning myself to computer games ④Abandoned to computer games
8．①belongings ②belongs ③which belongs to
④belonging to
9．①too glad to learn ②So I can't thank you too much
10．①to resolve ②resolution(共66张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
Part 2 课堂提升素养
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1 文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What does the text mainly tell us
A．Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much．
B．Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C．Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much．
D.Perce Blackborow's diary about the great expedition.
D
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Part 1(Para.1)________
Part 2(Paras.2～4)________
Part 3(Paras.5～7)________
Part 4(Paras.8～14)________
A．Perce Blackborow joined the expedition.
B.Perce Blackborow's reason for joining the expedition.
C.They encouraged each other in the face of difficulties.
D.The journey was not easy.
B
A
D
C
Task 2 文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 38～39 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．When Perce Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first, he was ________．
A．angry and disappointed
B．hopeless and disappointed
C．satisfied and excited
D．worried and angry
C
2．Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
A.Because the banjo was valuable.
B．Because Shackleton liked the banjo.
C．Because the banjo was small.
D．Because Hussey could play it to keep our spirits up.
C
3．Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage
A．While we were at Elephant Island, we fed on a seal or a penguin.
B．Frank was the kindest man of all the crew.
C．Shackleton left the Elephant Island for help by himself.
D．Thomas Orde-Lees was a little selfish and bad-tempered.
C
4．Which of the following did not make Perce hopeful for the future
A．Frank and Ernest's patience and kindness.
B．Frank and Ernest's genuine concern for others.
C．Frank and Ernest's perseverance.
D．Frank and Ernest's resolve.
C
Task 3 文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the mood.(细读短文并找出心理描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it.
This was no time to panic.
I feel low.
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe a person.(细读短文并找出人物描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour.
But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
How could I become as selfish and bad tempered as Thomas Orde Lees!
Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
3．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment. (细读短文并找出环境描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________
The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck!
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
It's cold and windy.
The island has no plants.
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①expedition [ eksp 'd n] n. 探险；远征；探险队
②endurance [ n'dj r ns] n. 忍耐力；耐久力
endure v．忍耐， 容忍
③of one's day 在某人那个年代
④diary entry 日记
⑤vigour (NAmE vigor)
['v ɡ (r)] n．精力；力量；活力
full of vigour充满活力
vigorous adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的
⑥apply to do sth.申请做某事
⑦turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)
⑧qualified ['kw l fa d] adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
be qualified to 能胜任
qualify v．使具有资格；取得资格
⑨enthusiastic
[ n θju zi' st k]
adj. 热情的；热心的
be enthusiastic about 热衷于， 对……充满热情
enthusiasm n. 热情， 热忱
⑩go along with和……一起去
aboard [ 'b d] adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
go aboard 上船；上飞机
cupboard ['k b d] n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
unfortunately
[ n'f t n tli]
adv.不幸地；遗憾地
set off 出发， 动身
assign [ 'sa n] vt.分派；布置；分配
assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事
assignment n．(分派的)工作；任务
steward ['stju d] n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员
stewardess n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)女乘务员；女服务员
serve vt.(给某人) 提供；端上；服务
envy ['envi] n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌
out of envy 出于妒忌
well and truly 确实地；准确地
crush [kr ] vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n．拥挤的人群
sink [s k] vi.(sank or sunk, sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
abandon [ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
stove [st uv] n．炉具；厨房灶具
blanket ['bl k t] n．毯子
panic v．(使)惊慌
belongings [b 'l z]
n. [pl.]财物；动产
personal belongings 私人物品
banjo ['b nd ] n. 班卓琴(乐器)
keep one's spirits up 振奋某人的精神
from bad to worse 每况愈下；越来越糟
miserable ['m zr bl] adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
soon after 稍后， 不久以后
voyage ['v d ] n．& vi.航海；航行
make a voyage 出海；航行
make it 成功做到
navy ['ne vi] n．海军；海军部队
naval adj.海军的， 军舰的
feel low 情绪不高
decent ['di snt] adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 decently adv.正派地；高雅地
cosy ['k zi] adj.温馨的；舒适的
be interrupted by 被……打断
a rush of 一阵……
hold on 坚持
turn into 变成， 进入
selfish ['self ] adj. 自私的
good/bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的
genuine ['d enju n] adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 genuinely adv.真诚地；诚实地
perseverance [ p s 'v r ns]
n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
persevere [ p s 'v (r)]
vi.坚持；孜孜以求
resolve [r 'z lv] vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
resolution [ rez 'lu n] n．决议；解决；坚定
after all 毕竟， 终究
[原文呈现]
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition① with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance② in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day③ and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions [1]. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries④.
[1]此处it作形式主语， to be part of his expeditions是不定式短语作真正的主语。
31 Oct 1914
．..Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition [2].
[2]“it so happened that...”意为“碰巧……”。此处it作形式主语， that引导的从句作真正的主语。
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of [3]. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour⑤. However, when I applied to⑥ join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down⑦ because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified⑧. But I was so enthusiastic⑨ about the idea of going along with⑩ them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard . [4] Unfortunately ， three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward ， and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
[3]此处是that引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词adventure。
[4]本句是“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句， 意为“如此……以至……”。
How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
21 Nov 1915
The journey has not been easy.Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica [5]. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank [6], our hearts sank with it．
[5]此处是as引导的时间状语从句。
[6]此处是when引导的时间状语从句。
Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove , candles, clothes, and blankets . This was no time to panic . We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings , and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo . Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up .
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, [7] and the ice will soon begin to melt．
[7]此处是现在进行时表示将来。
20 May 1916
We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse . We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. Soon after we arrived, Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island, 1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats [8].
If Shackleton fails, [9] will we have any hope of rescue No. No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island, and no one else knows that we are here [10].
[8]此处是“too...to...”结构， 意为“太……而不能……”。
[9]此处是if引导的真实条件句。
[10]此处是that引导的宾语从句。
I feel low . It's cold and windy. The island has no plants. Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat. Otherwise, there is no food. I try to think of happier things: decent food, warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, and my mother's face...However, these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air.
I shouted, “Shut the door！”
“Hold on now, Perce. Don't you go turning into another Tom, ” came the reply.“We've caught another penguin, so it's penguin soup tonight！”
Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees! [11]
[11]本句是一个感叹句， 结构为“How＋副词＋主语＋谓语(行为动词)！”。
Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be dead by now. [12] Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance , and their resolve fill me with hope.
[12]本句中without表示条件， 引出虚拟语气。
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home, after all .
[课文翻译]
一次成功的失败
珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍号”南极探险之旅。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最著名的探险家之一， 参加他的探险活动被认为是一种极大的荣誉。以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
1914年10月31日
……嗯， 碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸， 看到了有关南极探险的广告。
与伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极探险——这是我梦寐以求的探险。我已经准备好了。我19岁， 身体健康， 充满活力。然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。但我对与他们一同探险充满了热情， 于是我偷偷地登上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在了一个小橱柜里。不幸的是， 我们出发三天后， 我就被发现了。沙克尔顿不想返回， 所以他给了我一份工作， 就在他向我保证过“如果有人要被吃掉， 那么你就是第一个！”后。他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
1915年11月21日
这段旅程并不容易。当我们接近南极洲时， “坚忍号”被困在了冰里。冰把我们周围都冻住了， 我们彻底被困住了！我们看到船被冰压坏了。船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资——小船、我们的食物、炉灶、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。现在不是恐慌的时候。我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。但令我们吃惊的是， 他让赫西保留了他的班卓琴。赫西经常弹奏它来振奋我们的精神。
我们现在在冰上扎营， 我们一直在设法生存。但是春天要来了， 冰很快就会开始融化。
1916年5月20日
我们已经挣扎了好几天了， 但是象岛上的情况越来越糟。我们现在在这个令人难受的地方的岩石岸边， 挤在我们的一只小船下面。我们到达后不久， 沙克尔顿就离开了我们， 到1 320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。如果沙克尔顿失败了， 我们还有得救的希望吗？不。世界上没有海军会在象岛停留， 也没有其他人知道我们在这里。
我情绪不高。天气又冷又多风。岛上没有植物。有时我们能抓到一只海豹或企鹅吃， 否则就没有食物。我试图去想更快乐的事情：像样的食物、温暖干燥的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光明媚的日子， 还有我妈妈的脸庞……然而， 这些快乐的回忆很快就被突然袭来的冷空气打断了。
我喊道：“关门！”
“现在要坚持住啊， 珀西。你可不要变成另一个汤姆。”传来了回答。“我们又抓了一只企鹅， 所以今晚是企鹅汤！”
上帝保佑弗兰克·怀尔德， 继我们的领袖欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之后最善良的人。我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私且脾气坏呢！
如果没有弗兰克和欧内斯特， 我们早就死了。他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
也许我们终究还是有机会回家的。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．in face of ________ 面对逆境
2．________ cold 严寒
3．join an ________ 加入一个探险队
4．show remarkable ________ 展现出非凡的忍耐力
5．be full of ________ 充满活力
6．go ________ the ship 登船
7．out of ________ 出于妒忌
8．begin to ________ 开始下沉
9．electric __________ 电热毯
10．a ________ place 一个悲惨的地方
adversity
bitter
expedition
endurance
vigour
aboard
envy
sink
blanket
miserable
11．a dangerous ________ 一次危险的航海
12．join the ________ 参加海军
13．a ________ bedroom 一间舒适的卧室
14．selfish and __________ 自私且脾气坏
15．show ________ concern for others 对他人表现出真诚的关心
16．be ________ to Oliver 对奥利弗很残忍
17．a ________ investigation 一次彻底的调查
18．buy some new ________ 买一些新家具
19．be cold and ________ 又冷又湿
20．combine education with ________ 把教育与娱乐结合起来
21．under one's ________ 在某人的指导下
22．an _________ campaign 一个广告宣传活动
voyage
navy
cosy
bad tempered
genuine
cruel
thorough
furniture
damp
recreation
guidance
advertising
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ ['kw l fa d] adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify vt.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualification n．资格；资历；资格证书
2．_________[ n θju zi' st k] adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热心地→enthusiasm n．热心；热情
3．________[ 'sa n] vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．任务；作业；分配；指派
4．________[ 'b nd n] vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
qualified
enthusiastic
assign
abandon
5．________ [b 'l ? ?z] n．财物；动产→belong vi.属于
6．________ ['self ] adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私自利
7．________ [ p s 'v (r)] vi.坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
8．________ [r 'z lv] vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
9．________ ['f t n tli] adv.幸运地→fortune n．机遇；运气→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地
belongings
selfish
persevere
resolve
fortunately
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
-ance 常用于动词之后构成名词。
endure v．→endurance n. 忍耐力； 耐久力
persevere v．→__________ n. 毅力； 任性
perform v．→__________ n. 表演； 表现
appear v．→__________ n. 出现； 容貌
perseverance
performance
appearance
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 梦想
2．________________ 拒绝某人
3．________________ 出发， 使爆炸
4．________________ 被……困住
5．________________ 扔掉
6．________________ 让某人惊讶的是
7．________________ 振奋某人的精神
8．________________ 每况愈下
9．________________ 握住；坚持不懈；稍等
10．________________ 成功做到
dream of
turn sb. down
set off
become stuck in
throw away
to one's surprise
keep one's spirits up
from bad to worse
hold on
make it
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]完全倒装
[教材]________________ Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记．
2．[句型]It happened that...碰巧．.....
[教材]Well, ________________ one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.
好吧， 一天早晨， 我碰巧买了份报纸， 看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。
Below are some of
it so happened that
3．[句型]too...to...意为 “太……而不能……”
[教材]The voyage was ____________________ for all of us ________ in our small boats.
这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了， 乘坐小船肯定无法让每个人都到达。
4．[句型]as long as引导条件状语从句
[教材]It will eventually lead to success _________ you persevere.
只要你坚持下去， 最终就会成功。
5．[句型]so...that...如此……以至于……， 在句中引导结果状语从句。
[教材]But I was __________________________________________ I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我非常想跟他们一起去， 于是我偷偷上了他的船——“坚忍号”， 藏在一个小柜子里。
too dangerous and difficult
to make it
as long as
so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
[翻译]然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻， 并且不够资格。
时间状语
原因状语
宾语
[翻译]当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！
感叹
时间状语
定语
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材P38)Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。
◎句型公式：完全倒装
(1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语， 而主语较长且主语是名词时， 为了保持句子平衡或强调表语， 常把表语放在句首， 引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”；
(2)表示处所、方位、时间等的副词如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off等或介词(短语)放在句首， 而主语是名词， 且谓语动词是be, sit, lie, stand, come, go, exist, live, rush等不及物动词时， 句子用完全倒装。
[佳句] Here are some practical suggestions on how to promote the campus cultural construction. 下面就如何推进校园文化建设提出一些切实可行的建议。
[写美]——完成句子
①我们学校前面有一条美丽的河流， 放学后我们可以在那里放松自己。
_____________________________，where we will relax ourselves after school.
②出席晚会的有格林先生， 还有许多其他的宾客。
___________________ Mr. Green and many other guests.
③公共汽车坐满了人， 前面坐着许多孩子。
_______________ in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.
In front of our school lies a beautiful river
Present at the party were
Crowded was the bus
2(教材P38)However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified.
然而， 当我申请加入探险队时， 沙克尔顿拒绝了我， 因为他认为我太年轻并且不够资格。
◎turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)；调小
turn...down 把……调低
turn to 求助于；转向；翻至(某一页)
turn up 出现；把……调高
turn over 翻过来；移交
turn out 结果是……；生产， 制造
[佳句] When I turned to him for help, he turned me down without hesitation, which made me very upset.
当我向他求助时， 他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我， 这让我很沮丧。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]This time, she turned ________ the fire so it cooked nicely.
②I sincerely hope your trip in China will turn ________ a most unforgettable experience in life.
③My genuine friend promised that he would turn________ at my birthday party.
[写美]——读后续写之动作描写
④他经历了一些痛苦的事情， 睡不着觉， 在床上不时地翻来覆去。
Having undergone something miserable, he did not fall asleep, ____________________________．
down
out
up
turning over in bed from time to time
◎qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
(1)be qualified for sth. 有资格获得某物
be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事
(2)qualify vt.& vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格
qualify sb. to do sth. (使)某人有资格做某事
(3)qualification n. 资格；资历；资格证书
[佳句] With a good command of English, I am quite qualified for the job.我的英语很好，完全可以胜任这份工作。(申请信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
⑤I wasn't qualified ________ (apply) for the job really but I got it anyhow.
⑥Last year, one in five boys left school without a _________ (qualify)．
[写美]——应用文之推荐信
⑦I'm greatly convinced that my friend Wang Ming _________________ (能胜任这份工作). Not only does he have abundant teaching experience but he is enthusiastic and genuine, ________________________________ _______ (使他也有资格帮助你儿子取得进步)．
to apply
qualification
is qualified for the job
which qualifies him to help your son make
progress
3(教材P38)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard.
但我对与他们同行的想法非常感兴趣， 于是我偷偷地上了“坚忍号”轮船， 藏在一个小橱柜里。
◎enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热情
be enthusiastic to do sth. 做某事很热情
(2)enthusiasm n. 热心；热忱；热情
lack/be full of enthusiasm 缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically) 热情地
[佳句] Engaged employees are more likely to be enthusiastic about satisfying customer needs.
敬业的员工更有可能对满足客户的需求充满热情。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The young girl is very enthusiastic ________ (read) a novel in her spare time.
②He is selfish and bad-tempered.Thus, he will never be enthusiastic ________ helping those in trouble.
③[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写]Inspired by the ________ (enthusiastic) and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
④[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ， 读后续写]尽管失败了几次， 伯纳德和杰克仍然热情地做爆米花。
Bernard and Jack still made popcorn ______________________ in spite of several failures.
to read
about
enthusiasm
enthusiastically/with enthusiasm
◎aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
(1)go aboard the bus/train/ship/plane
上公共汽车/火车/轮船/飞机
Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐(车、船、飞机)!
(2)board n. 板
v. 登记；上船
on board 在船/火车/飞机上
(3)abroad adv. 在国外；到海外
adj. 往国外的
both at home and abroad 国内外
[佳句] According to the airline rules, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding the plane.
根据航空公司的规定， 我们建议你在登机前关掉手机。
[练通]——补全句子
⑤He was tall ________________ (有宽宽的肩膀)and a beard and always _______________ (面带微笑)．
⑥Learning that you will ___________________ (国外深造), I'm writing to inform you of some necessary dos and don'ts.
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑦这对年轻夫妇一上船， 他们就吃东西、说话、大笑， 好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。
The instant __________________________________，they were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.(aboard)
with broad shoulders
wore a broad smile
go abroad for further study
the young couple boarded/ went aboard the ship
4(教材P38)He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day.
他安排我做服务员， 我现在给28个人提供一日三餐。
◎assign vt.分派；布置；分配
(1)assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb. sth. ＝ assign sth. to sb.
给某人分配(布置)某物/某事
(2)assignment n. 任务；作业；分配；指派
[佳句] The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the party the next week.
班长让我们为下周的派对做准备。
[写美]——应用文之节日活动
During the Tree Planting Day, our monitor ________________________ ______ (分配给每名学生一个具体的任务). I _______________ (被派去挖) the pits and _____________________ (我同桌的任务) was to put soil into the pits.
assigned a specific task to each
student
was assigned to dig
my deskmate's assignment
5(教材P38)How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to!
当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时， 大家会多么羡慕我啊！
◎envy n. & vt.羡慕；妒忌
(1)envy sb. sth. 羡慕某人有某物
envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕某人做某事
(2)with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
out of envy 出于嫉妒
green with envy 嫉妒地眼红
[佳句] Honestly speaking, I do envy you getting the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
老实说， 我真羡慕你获得了优秀毕业生的称号， 我应该向你学习。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Only she has access to such precious resources, which ________ (envy) by her fellows.
②All the girls at the dance watched her ________ envy when she danced with the prince.
[写美]——读后续写情感描写
③当我在学校文化艺术节上进行才艺表演时， 我的朋友非常羡慕。
My friends ________________ when I gave a talent show at our school's cultural art festival.
is envied
with
were green with envy
6(教材P38)And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. 船沉了， 我们的心也跟着沉了。
◎sink (sank/sunk, sunk, sinking) vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
sink into /down/back 颓然坐下/重重倒下
one' s heart/spirits sink 心情沉重； 情绪低落
a sinking feeling/ship 颓丧感/沉船
[佳句] With a sinking heart, he dragged his feet on the way home.
他心情沉重， 拖着沉重的脚步回家。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She murmured her thanks and ________ ( sink) down into her chair.
②For a long time, he just stared at the blank before him, merrily, ________ (sink) in sweet memories in the past.
[写美]——读后续写之情感描写
③她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。
____________. She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't hold back her tears.
sank/sunk
sinking
Her heart sank
7(教材P38)Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies.
在我们弃船之前， 沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起， 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资。
◎abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n．放任；放纵
(1)abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……；纵情于……
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；报废的；自暴自弃的
be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于……
[佳句] We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health, such as smoking and drinking.
我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯， 如吸烟、喝酒等。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①[2022·全国乙卷]The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel _________ (abandon)．
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ________ abandon.
[写美]——句型转换
I abandoned myself to computer games. I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
③→_____________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
④→________________________， I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
abandoned
with
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
8(教材P38)We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold.
我们不允许携带大部分个人物品， 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了他所有的黄金。
◎belongings n．[pl.]财物；动产
(1)belonging n. 归属
a sense of belonging 归属感
(2)belong vi. 属于
belong to 属于……；是……的成员
[佳句] When he joined the club, he felt a sense of belonging. 他加入俱乐部时， 感觉到了一种归属感。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My heart sank when I learned that all my ________ (belong) had been stolen.
②In my opinion, you'd better put the book where it ________ (belong)．
[写美]——一句多译
众所周知， 中国是属于第三世界的国家。
③It is known to us that China is a country ____________ the Third World.(定语从句)
④As is known to us, China is a country __________ the Third World.(分词作定语)
[温馨提示] belong to 不用于进行时和被动语态。
belongings
belongs
which belongs to
belonging to
9(教材P39)The voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.
这次航行太危险、太困难了， 我们无法全部乘我们的小船离开。
◎句型公式：“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
(1)“too＋adj./adv.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.”表示否定意义， 意为“太……而(某人)不能……”；
(2)当“too...to...”用来修饰表现人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词， 如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时， 不定式表达肯定意义；
(3)“can't/can never...too...”意为“再怎么……也不过分”。
[佳句] [2021·浙江卷1月读后续写]It was too difficult for me to pull my head out of the giant pumpkin. Hence, I was too eager to turn to my father for assistance.
把我的头从巨大的南瓜里拔出来对我来说太难了。 因此， 我急于向父亲寻求帮助。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①得知你在比赛中获得了一等奖我太高兴了， 因此我写信表示祝贺。(应用文之祝贺信)
I am ______________ that you have won the first prize in the contest, so I'm writing to convey my sincere congratulations.
②要不是你慷慨的帮助， 我不会找到这样一份体面的工作。因此， 我怎么感谢你都不为过。(应用文之感谢信)
But for your generous help, I wouldn't have found a decent job. ______________________．
too glad to learn
So I can't thank you too much
10(教材P39)Their genuine concern for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.
他们对他人真诚的关心， 他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。
◎resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念
(1)resolve to do sth. 决定做某事
resolve on 决定/决心……
(2)resolution n. 决定；解决；坚定
[佳句] I have resolved to assign the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
我已经决定把这项最具挑战性的任务分配给汤姆——一个既勤奋又热情的人。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We must find a way _________ (resolve) these problems before it's too late.
②Once she has made a ________ (resolve) to do it, you won't get her to change her mind.
to resolve
resolution
