Part Ⅲ Lesson 2 How Do We Like Teachers' Feedback？
【学习目标】
话题语境 人与社会
课时词汇 handle, intention, raise, demanding, effective, manner, upset, preference, ashamed
常用短语 depend on, get upset, point out, note down, in other words, to the honest
重点句式 1.wish＋宾语从句的虚拟语气 2．动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
单词巧练 写准记牢
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给的词性和词义写出单词
1．________________ n. 方式，方法
2．________________ vt. 提出，提起
3．________________ adj. 有效的
4．________________ n. 意图，目的；打算
5．________________ adj. 羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
6．________________ vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱
adj. 烦恼的，心烦意乱的
7．________________ n. 偏爱，偏好
8．________________ vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面)
Ⅱ.常用单词练习：根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示写出符合句中单词的正确形式
1．The ________ (方式) in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable.
2．The report ________ (突出显示) the major problems facing society today.
3．I had asked everyone to ________ (提出) questions in advance of the meeting.
4．The new rules will become ________ (有效的) in the next few days.
5．He found he could no longer deal with his ________ (要求严格的) job.
6．I have every i________ of paying her back what I owe her.
7．You should be a________ of yourself for telling such lies.
8．Don't u________ yourself by thinking about what might have been.
9．Many people expressed a strong p________ for the original plan.
10．You have to know how to h________ yourself in this business.
第一版块：重点单词
1.ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的，尴尬的；因惭愧而不情愿
(教材P12)to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged感到受伤/羞愧/气馁
(1)be ashamed of sb./sth. 为某人/某事感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 因惭愧而不情愿做某事
be ashamed that... 因……感到惭愧/内疚
(2)shame n. [U]羞愧，羞耻；[sing.]令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事
to one's shame 使某人感到羞愧的是
It's a shame that... 真遗憾……
What a shame! 真遗憾！/真可惜！
(3)shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的
(4)shameless adj. 无耻的，没廉耻的
She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。
I'm ashamed to admit that I've never read any of his books.
我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。
She felt ashamed that she had missed her sister's wedding.
她没能参加姐姐的婚礼，觉得很内疚。
I will return, find you, love you, marry you and live without shame.
我会回来，找到你，爱你，娶你，然后挺起胸膛生活。
He shamed his family by being sent to prison.
他锒铛入狱，使家人蒙羞了。
What a shame that you can't stay for dinner!
你不能留下来吃晚饭真遗憾！
易混辨析：
(1)ashamed表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，通常作表语或补语，表示人的心理状态或感受。不用于名词前。
(2)shameful表示“可耻的，丢脸的”，可作表语或定语，指某事情或行为本身可耻、丢脸。
语境串记：
There is nothing shameful about failing the test. Work harder and you will catch up sooner or later. But you should be ashamed of yourself for telling lies about it.考试不及格没什么丢脸的。更加努力学习，你迟早会赶上来的。但是你应该为自己对此说谎而感到羞愧。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are often ashamed ________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. Remember, you are only human.
②Every single grain on your plate is the result of hard work, so nothing can be more ________ (shame) than wasting food.
③Tom was ashamed ________ (tell) his mother that he had failed the exam again.
④________________________ (让她感到羞愧的是), she gained back all the weight she had lost.
⑤Mr Benet cannot attend tomorrow's party because something urgent has come up. ______________________ (真可惜)!
2.preference n．偏爱，偏好
(教材P12)to depend on personal preference取决于个人喜好
preference n. [U，sing]喜爱，偏爱；[C，U]优惠，优待； [C]偏爱的事物，最喜爱的东西
have a preference for... 偏爱……
in preference to... 优先于……；而不是……
give (a) preference to... 给……以优惠；优待……
He has a strong preference for classical music.
他非常喜欢古典音乐。
She chose the red cup in preference to the black one.
她选择了红色的杯子而不是黑色的杯子。
We give preference to applicants with some experience.
我们优先录用有一定经验的申请人。
I don't know your preferences, so please help yourself.
我不知道你喜欢什么，所以请自便吧。
特别提醒：
prefer→preferred→preferred→→preferring
归纳拓展：
(1)preferable adj.更可取，较合适
be preferable to...比……更可取/更合适(to为介词)
(2)prefer vt.较喜欢，喜欢……多于……
prefer A to B 喜欢A多于B(to为介词)
prefer doing sth./prefer to do sth.较喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth.较喜欢某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/用preference的相关短语完成句子
①A combination of technology and tourism will be a future trend, given the ________ (prefer) of the younger consumers born in the 1990s and later.
②Prevention of a problem is always ________ (prefer) to trying to solve it.
③Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference ________ certain types of entertainment.
④As for diet, Monica chooses vegetables and fruit ________________ any kinds of meat.
⑤For sustainable development, the government has decided to ________________ those energy saving and environment friendly businesses in many aspects.
3.handle vt.应付，处理(＝deal with)；操纵，控制 vt.(用手)触，拿，搬动 n. [C]把手
(教材P12)to be handled carefully小心处理
We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.
我们必须学会冷静、明智地处理冲突。
Can you tell me how to handle the machine
您可以告诉我如何操纵这台机器吗？
Wash your hands before you handle food.
洗完手再拿食物。
Please don't handle the vases—they're very fragile.
请不要触碰花瓶，它们极易破碎。
I turned the handle and found the door was open.
我转动把手，发现门是开着的。
教师提醒：
deal with与do with
翻译：你怎么处理这件事的？
How did you deal with the event
＝What did you do with the event
※动词do为及物动词与疑问代词what连用；而deal为不及物动词，则用疑问副词how与之连用。
[即学即练] 判断下列句子中handle的词性及含义
①Slowly he stooped (弯腰) down, grasped the handles on both sides of the box, and gathered all his strength to lift it.________________
②We often come across some problems we can't handle in a usual way, in which case we must think creatively to solve them.________________
③I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car.________________
④The label on the box said: “Fragile. Handle it with care.”________________
4.upset adj.难过，不高兴，失望，沮丧(unhappy or disappointed because of sth. unpleasant that has happened) vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 vt.打翻，碰倒，使倾覆；打乱，搅乱
(教材P12)to get upset感到难过
(1)be upset about... 为……心烦意乱/难过
(2)It upsets sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人心烦意乱
It upsets sb. that... 让某人心烦的是……
He was upset about not being invited to the party.他因未被邀请去参加聚会而难过。
She was upset that her friend had left without saying goodbye to her.
她朋友的不辞而别让她感到难过。
Don't upset yourself by thinking about what might have been.
你别再去想原本可能会怎样而自寻烦恼了。
“It upsets me to hear thatnews，” the weary mother said to her daughter.
这个疲倦的妈妈对她的女儿说，“听见那个消息让我心烦。”
It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.
让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。
He stood up suddenly, upsetting the soup.他突然站起来，结果把汤打翻了。
The sudden change of the weather upset our plan for a picnic.
天气的突变打乱了我们的野餐计划。
语境串记：
Jim is doing his homework. The flies' flying around him without a stop upsets him. He is so upset that he upsets a cup of water at the corner of the desk.吉姆正在做家庭作业。苍蝇不停地在他周围飞来飞去，这让他心烦意乱。他烦躁极了，以至于打翻了放在桌角的一杯水。
归纳拓展：upsetting adj.令人不快(或忧虑、苦恼)的
I will never see him again and this is a terribly upsetting thought.我将再也不会见到他了，这是非常令人不快的想法。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/判断下列句子中upset的词性及含义
①—What's the matter with Rod
—I think he's still upset ________ failing his driving test.
②It upsets me ________ (see) the river filled with plastic bags and other litter.
③We felt ________ at the ________ news. (upset)
④Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.________________
⑤When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activities.________________
⑥Any change in the weather would upset our plan for driving across the desert.________________
5.intention n．意图，目的；打算
(教材P105)But I do understand my teacher's intention.但我确实明白我的老师的意图。
intention of doing sth./intention to do sth. 做某事的意图/打算
have no/every intention of doing sth. 无意/一心想做某事
with the intention of doing sth. 怀着做某事的目的/意图
Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.
使用表情符号可以增添幽默和情感，使意图明确。
Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.我理解了妈妈的好意，感激地吃了她提供的所有食物。
He has announced his intention to retire.他已经宣布他打算退休。
I have no intention of allowing you to continue living here alone.
我不打算让他继续独自在这里生活。
He left England with the intention of travelling in China.他离开英格兰，打算去中国旅行。
The original intention of bike sharing is to provide a convenient means of transportation and advocate a low carbon lifestyle.共享单车的初衷是提供便捷的交通方式，倡导低碳的生活方式。
归纳拓展：
(1)intend vt. &vi.计划，打算，想要
intend doing sth./intend to do sth.打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
had intended to do sth.本打算做某事(却未做)
He intends his son to take over his business.他打算让他的儿子接管他的生意。
He had intended to return home last week, but he postponed the trip due to the unpleasant weather.他本来打算上周回家的，但由于天气不好，他推迟了行程。
(2)intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
be intended for...是为……而提供(设计)的
This book is intended for children.这本书是为儿童写的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It isn't my intention ________ (upset) your plan, but we need you right now.
②The book isn't intended ________ general readers probably because the author employs too many scientific terms in it.
③Now Mr White is back and intends ________ (write) a book about his adventures.
④我本来打算7月份参加一个夏令营，但是，我得到了通知，要参加一个中国绘画展。
I ________________ in July, but I was informed that I would have to participate in an exhibition of Chinese paintings.
⑤她拒绝了这份工作，说她无意到国外工作。
She declined the offer of work, saying that ________________.
6.raise vt.提出，提起；举起；使升高；增加；筹集；改善；引起；抚养
(教材P105)It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这也让我们有机会对我们不理解的事情进一步提问。
raise money/funds 筹钱/筹集资金
raise children 抚养孩子
raise cattle/corn 养牛/种植玉米
raise one's hand 举手
raise one's voice 提高音量
raise salaries 提高工资
raise a question 提出问题
raise hopes/awareness/consciousness 唤起希望/增强意识/提高觉悟
He knew he had to sell something to raise some money.
他知道自己必须变卖些东西来筹钱了。
When drinking someone's health, you raise your glasses.
当为某人的健康干杯时，你们要举起杯子。
We raised money to help the homeless.我们筹了款来帮助无家可归的人。
She raised her voice in order to be heard.她提高了音量以使别人听到。
I had intended to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve.
我本想向主席提一个问题，但很快我又没了勇气。
易混辨析：
(1)raise是及物动词，表示“抬起；举起”，还可以用于表示“提高(标准、工资、物价等)”。
(2)rise是不及物动词，表示“升起；站起来”，侧重强调由低到高的变化过程；也可指“物价上涨”。还可以作名词，意为“(数、量、值的)增加；兴起，崛起”。
(3)arise是不及物动词，过去式arose，过去分词arisen，表示“出现；发生”。
典型例句：
The student rose from his seat and said that he had realised that it can't be too careful while driving and accidents often arise from carelessness.那位学生从座位上站起来说他已经认识到开车时越仔细越好，事故往往是由疏忽大意而引起来的。
As is known to us all, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.众所周知，太阳东方升起，西方落下。
[即学即练] 判断下列句子中raise的含义/选词填空/用raise, rise或rise的正确形式填空
①Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.________________
②Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.________________
③At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, selling cooked sausages to raise funds.________________
④Raise your hand if you know the right answer.________________
⑤Seeing me come in, she raised herself out of the chair and said hello.________________
⑥On Monday morning, we gathered to watch the children ________ (raise/rise) the national flag, and we saw it ________ (raise/rise) slowly in the wind.
⑦Her popular book SilentSpring ________ (raise/rise) awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.
⑧________ (raise/rise) by his grandfather in the countryside, he didn't receive much formal education.
⑨Cinemas have gradually given way to the ________ (raise/rise) of the Internet and cellphones.
⑩________ your hand if you know the right answer.
Stan's dad died, leaving his mother ________ three sons alone.
We should try to ________ people's environmental awareness.
He ________ to greet me.
The total ________ in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.
I'm afraid a problem will ________ when we use a new type of fuel.
7.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的
(教材P105)Although it is very demanding for my teacher, it is more effective than other types of feedback.虽然这对我的老师要求很高，但它比其他类型的反馈更有效。
demand n. 要求；需求
vt. 强烈要求；需要
vi. 查问
a demand for... 对……的要求
satisfy/meet one's demands 满足某人的要求
suit one's demands 符合某人的需求
in demand 需求量大；受欢迎的
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand from/of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
demand that... 要求……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”形式，should可以省略)
Get the technology that has been proven to help the most demanding customers.
获得这项已经过验证的技术来帮助要求最高的消费者。
Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.在冰柜出现之前，食物保存和餐饮业都需要冰。
The firm attempts to meet/satisfy its customers' demands.这家商行尽力满足顾客的需求。
Her books are in great demand at the moment.她的书目前非常畅销。
These old machines are still in demand.这些旧机器仍然颇受欢迎。
This sport demands both speed and strength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。
She demands to know what was happening.她要求知道发生了什么事情。
The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
易混比较：
ask sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
beg sb. to do sth.
order sb. to do sth.
request sb. to do sth.
但demand of/from sb. to do sth.不用demand sb. to do sth.
如：He demanded of/from me to shut the gate.
而不说He demanded me to shut the gate.
知识归纳与总结：
sth.doing/to be done
如：The floorcleaning
＝The floorto be cleaned
译文：地板需要清理了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①She burst into the manager's office and demanded ________ (speak) to him.
②The workers demanded that their salaries ________ (raise)．
③She demanded ________ (tell) everything about it.
④There have been demands ________ the prime minister to resign.
⑤乡村地区对有教学资历的教师的需求量很大。(in demand)
________________________________________________________________________
⑥恐怕这种产品会供不应求。(meet one's demands)
________________________________________________________________________
8.effective adj.有效的；产生预期效果的
(1)effectively adv. 有效地
(2)effect n. 效果；作用；影响
take effect 生效
have an effect on... 对……有影响
cause and effect 因果(关系)
side effect (药物、疗法的)副作用(常用复数)
come into effect 生效；开始实施
in effect＝in fact 实际上
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。
The tables work more effectively if you take a hot drink after them.
服用这些药片后再喝杯热饮，药效会更好。
While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是它的影响并不都是积极的。
I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any effect.
我试着吃了几片药缓解头疼，但没有起一点作用。
The new salary increase will take effect from January onwards.
新的加薪(标准)将从1月份起正式实行。
The advertising campaigns didn't have much effect on sales.
这些广告宣传活动对销量没起到多大作用。
The rise of a nation does not happen by chance; you can't ignore the rules of cause and effect.一个国家的崛起不是偶然发生的；你不能无视因果定律。
New controls come into effect next month.下月开始实施新的管制措施。
名师提醒：
affect通常用作动词，指影响，使产生变化或假装去感受某件事。
affection n．感情，喜爱；影响，感染
have a deep affection for sb非常喜欢某人
effect通常用作名词，指结果/后果，当用作动词时，指引起。
词汇拓展：
(1)effect vt.使产生；使发生；引起
effect a cure产生疗效
effect a change引起变化
effect a sale实行大减价
(2)effective adj.有效的；实际的；产生深刻印象的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①We are convinced that laughter has a positive effect ________ our physical and mental health.
②Both of the approaches are ________ (effect) and it's really a matter of personal preference as to which one to choose.
③This treatment, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ________ (effect)．
④I can't balance my work and home duties ________ (effect)．
⑤母亲的行为对成长中的孩子有深远的影响。(have an effect on)
________________________________________________________________________
⑥交通法要到年底才生效。(take effect/come into effect)
________________________________________________________________________
9.manner n．[sing.]方式，方法 n．[pl.]礼貌，礼仪 n．[sing.]态度，举止
(教材P106)I can agree with you about that, but to be more helpful, if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or sensitive.我同意你关于那件事的观点，但是为了更有帮助，如果我们需要给予消极反馈，我们应该用不那么直接的方式，特别是对那些害羞或敏感的人。
in a(n)．..manner 以……方式
table manners 餐桌礼仪
have good/bad manners 有礼貌/没礼貌
It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是礼貌/不礼貌的
His manner of speaking implies that he is not willing to accept the agreement.
他的说话方式暗示他不愿意接受这个协议。
Washing hands with soap is an effective manner to prevent the spread of disease.
用肥皂洗手是有效预防疾病传播的一种方式。
I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.
我曾希望你会表现得更加负责。
In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.
在任何情况下，微笑和有礼貌都会让你有很大收获。
In some parts of the world, it is considered bad manners to take food with the left hand.
在世界的一些地方，用左手拿食物被认为是不礼貌的。
His manner was polite but cool.他举止彬彬有礼但显冷淡。
归纳拓展：
表示“方法，方式”的搭配还有：
method: a method for/of...……的方式
way: in a(n)．..way以……方式；a way of doing sth./a way to do sth.做某事的方法
means: by means of...依靠……方法；a means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法
approach: an approach to...……的方法
特别提醒：
表示“礼貌；礼仪”时，要用复数形式manners。若用作主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式，但不能用many或(a) few来修饰，可以用much或(a) little等修饰。
Where are your manners？你的礼貌呢？
He does not have much manners.他不怎么讲礼貌。
[即学即练] 结合manner的用法完成句子/单句语法填空
①用手指着别人说话是不礼貌的。
________________ with your finger pointing at the other person.
②不会有人对你的肢体语言进行评论，但我还是建议你表现得友好、自信。
Nobody will remark on your body language, but I'd still recommend that you try to act ________________.
③得知你对中国餐桌礼仪感兴趣，我很高兴。
I'm delighted to know you have a great interest in ________________.
④When we were young, we were brought up by our parents to observe the table ________ (manner) both at home and in public.
⑤I can't have you speaking to your mother ________ the rude manner. You must apologise to her immediately.
⑥It is good manners ________ (bring) along a small gift or some flowers when you are invited to dinner by a foreign friend.
⑦I was impressed by his straightforward manner of ________ (speak)．
第二版块：重点短语
1.depend on取决于，由……决定；依靠，依赖；指望
(教材P105)to depend on personal preference取决于个人爱好
depend on sb./sth. for sth. 靠某人/某事提供某物
depend on sb. to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on it that... 相信/指望……(it为形式宾语)
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.
你需要多少睡眠很大程度上取决于你的年龄。
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.
我们是否需要更多的食物要视到场人数而定。
He depended on his writing to make a living.他靠写作谋生。
You can't depend on them to do it.你不能依靠他们做这件事。
Can I depend on it that this won't happen again？我能相信这事不会再发生吗？
If our parents do everything for us, we won't learn to depend on ourselves.
如果父母替我们做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
归纳拓展：
depend构成的其他搭配：
That/It (all) depends.那得看情况(而定)。(交际用语)如：
(1)—What are you going to do this weekend？这个周末你打算干什么？
—It all depends. I may go to Shanghai with my friends.看情况而定。我可能会和我的朋友一起去上海。
(2)—Will you let me go？放了我吧？
—It depends.那得看情况？
—On what？看什么情况？
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Success depends fundamentally ________ our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
②Nowadays many people depend on the Internet ________ the information they need.
③—David, when will you pay a visit to California
—I can't decide at present. ________________________ (那得看情况而定)．
④—The weather turns out to be fine.
—We can ______________________________________ (相信货物将按时运到洪灾地区)．
⑤Tom is always late for meetings, so you can't ______________________ (指望他准时到)．
2．point out指出
(1)point of view 观点；见地；立场
to the point of 达到……的程度
(2)point at 指向……
知识拓展：
on the point of...正要……的时候
to the point中肯；切题
如：(1)I like Mr. Miner's speech; it was clear and to the point.我喜欢麦纳先生的演讲——清晰，切题。
(2)I was on the point of leaving when the phone rang.我正要离开，这时电话铃响了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Do you think that, from the point ________ view of results, this exercise was worth the cost
②Most Americans are overworked and stressed ________ the point of tiredness.
③The teacher is pointing ________ the map on the wall and pointing out Paris on it.
3．in other words换句话说，也就是说
(教材P12)In other words, what kind of feedback do you usually receive from your English teacher？换句话说，你常从英语老师那儿收到什么样的反馈呢？
in other words意为“换句话说，也就是说”。同义表达有：namely, that is (to say), to put it differently。
word构成的其他搭配：
in a word 总之，简言之
word for word 逐字地，一字不差地
have words with sb. 与某人争吵
have a word with sb. 和某人谈谈
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 食言
eat one's words 收回前言，承认错误
Word came that... 有消息说(word在此作“消息”讲，其前无冠词)
He has found his first job. In other words, he needn't depend on his parents any longer.
他已经找到了他的第一份工作。换句话说，他不再需要依靠他的父母了。
He is good at all subjects. In other words, he does well in his studies.
各门学科他都擅长。换句话说，他的功课很优秀。
名师提醒：
(1)word用作不可数名词作“消息；信息”。如：Word came that our women volleyball team won again.
消息传来女排队再次获胜。
(2)have a word with sb.与某人说句话。
have words with sb.与某人吵架
(3)keep one's word信守诺言
break one's word食言
语境串记：
Joe always keeps his word; in other words, he never breaks his word. In addition, he's outgoing and easy going. When free, he'd like to have a word with people face to face, and never has words with others. In a word, all of his friends like him as he can get on well with everyone around him.乔总是信守诺言，换句话说，他从不食言。另外，他是一个外向、随和的人。有空的时候，他喜欢和人面对面地交谈，从来不和别人吵架。总之，他所有的朋友都喜欢他，因为他能和他周围的每个人都相处得很好。
[即学即练] 用word的相关搭配完成句子
①总之，我对你的工作很满意。
________________， I'm very satisfied with your work.
②我很快就发现我正在做的工作，别人早就做过了。换句话说，我在浪费自己的时间。
I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. ________________， I was wasting my time.
③她一字不差地把他们的谈话向我复述了一遍。
She repeated their conversation ________________ to me.
④我们一旦食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。
Once we ________________， nobody will trust us again.
⑤有消息说这次短途旅行要推迟了。
________________ the outing would be put off.
4.to be honest说实话，老实说
(教材P105)To be honest, I sometimes feel quite hurt by her negative feedback.
说实话，有时她的消极反馈让我感到很受伤。
to be honest意为“说实话，老实说”，常作插入语，相当于honestly speaking, to tell (you) the truth；通常置于句首，并且用逗号与后面的内容隔开。
(1)honest adj. 诚实的，老实的；坦率的，坦诚的
be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚
be honest about sth. 对某事坦率
It is honest of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是正直的
(2)(反)dishonest adj. 不诚实的，骗人的
(3)honesty n. [U]诚实，正直
(4)honestly adv. 诚实地，正当地；确实
To be honest, I don't like his way of speaking to others.
说实话，我不喜欢他跟别人说话的方式。
To be honest, everyone makes mistakes when learning to speak a foreign language.
说实话，每个人学说一门外语时都会犯错误。
名师点津：
(1)其他能作插入语的动词不定式短语：
to be brief简单说，扼要地说
to be exact确切地说
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
to begin/start with首先
to sum up/to conclude总而言之
to be frank坦白说
(2)现在分词短语也可作插入语作独立成分。如：
exactly speaking确切地说
frankly speaking坦率地说
briefly speaking简要地说
generally speaking一般说来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①I think people should always be honest ________ each other so that they can trust each other.
②—What made the young man stand out among the applicants
—His ability, determination and above all, ________ (honest)．
③说实话，我最欣赏的是你工作努力。
________________________________________________________________________
第三版块：典型句式
1.wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
(教材P105)I really wish she could be less direct and more encouraging.我真希望她能不那么直接并且多一些鼓励。
wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下：
类型 从句谓语动词形式
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词
与现在事实相反 过去式(be动词用were)
与将来事实相反 would/could＋动词原形
I wish I were an astronaut travelling in space in Shenzhou X.
我希望我是一名宇航员，乘坐“神舟十号”漫游太空。
I wish I were a fish swimming in the sea.我希望我是一条在海里游的鱼。
I wish she had survived the plane crash.要是她从那一场空难中幸存了下来该多好。
I wish you could give me a hand at such a busy moment.
我现在忙得不可开交，希望你能帮我一下。
I wish I had seen her last night.要是我昨天晚上见到她了该多好。
名师提醒：
wish和hope的用法区别：
(1)可以用不定式作宾语，wish to do sth.和hope to do sth.
(2)可以说wish sb. to do sth.但不可说hope sb. to do sth.
(3)wish和hope后都可以跟宾语从句，但hope后跟的宾语从句的时态要用陈述句语气，而wish后跟的宾语从句只能用虚拟语气，而不能用陈述句语气。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①What a sunny day! How I wish I ________ (be) on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
②I wish I ________ (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③I wish I ________ (study) photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
④There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
⑤David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish he ________ (be) there.
2．动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
(教材P105)It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这也让我们有机会对我们不理解的事情进一步提问。
(1)当名词前有the only, the next, the last或序数词时，后置定语中的动词须用动词不定式。
(2)当名词前有形容词最高级时，后置定语中的动词也须用动词不定式to do的形式。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。
I am always the last one to leave the company after work.
下班后，我总是最后一个离开公司的人。
I think he is the best man to do the job.我认为他是最适合做这份工作的人。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同样重要。
特别提醒：
动词不定式、动词的 ing形式、动词的过去分词作后置定语的区别：
①动词不定式作后置定语，通常表示动作还没发生。
I have a lot of homework to do this weekend.这个周末我有很多作业要做。
The problem to be solved tomorrow has something to do with everyone here.明天要解决的问题和这里的每个人都有关。
②动词的 ing形式作后置定语，通常表示动作正在进行。
The issue being discussed now at the meeting is about air pollution.会上正在讨论的问题是关于空气污染的。
③动词的过去分词作后置定语，通常表示被动或动作已完成或既被动又完成。
The problem solved yesterday is actually very hard for common people.昨天解决的问题对普通人来说其实很难。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36 year old business.
②I am particularly into basketball because it presents an effective way ________ (strengthen) my body and mind.
③Meyer and his team were the first people ________ (show) how the disease spreads from animals to human.
④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) lives, including your own.
⑤There is always a lot work ________ (do) on weekdays.
⑥His second book ________ (publish) next month is believed to be a hit.
⑦The project ________ (set) up in 1989 result in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.
⑧The building ________ (repair) now is our school library, one ________ (build) in 1980.
Ⅰ.背短语—记牢固：根据本课内容，写出下面汉语对应的英语短语
1．变得不安 ________________
2．依赖 ________________
3．指出 ________________
4．记下，写下 ________________
5．整理，把……分类 ________________
Ⅱ.练句子：根据例句和中文提示参照黑体词仿写句子
1．【例句】To be honest, I sometimes feel quite hurt by her negative feedback.
【仿句】说实话，我得补补英语了，因为我的英语还不够好。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．【例句】Although it is very demanding for my teacher, it is more effective than other types of feedback.
【仿句】虽然她和那位老人只见过一面，可他却给她留下了永久的印象。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．【例句】I want to know where my strengths and weaknesses are.
【仿句】人们开始望过去，看响声是从哪里发出的。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．【例句】I believe it is best to point out students' problems directly.
【仿句】我认为尽可能多地说英语是学习英语的最好方法。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．【例句】I can agree with you about that, but to be more helpful, if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
【仿句】我同意你的看法，但是如果我们想要彻底解决垃圾问题，我们应该在日常生活中采取具体措施。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.单词拼写
1．Although Johnson earns a lot in the new company, his job is stressful and ________ (要求严格的)．
2．Grammar is important because it allows you to express your thoughts and ________ (意图) in a way that is acceptable to native speakers.
3．I felt sorry for what I said to him yesterday, which made him so ________ (沮丧)．
4．If you continue to face peer (同辈) pressure and you're finding it difficult to ________ (处理), talk to someone you trust.
5．Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as to stay home and r________ her son.
6．Keeping a diary in English is an e________ way to improve our English writing.
7．He apologised for his behaviour and stated that he was a________.
8．—Does Lucy have a p________ for a particular color
—Yes, she likes blue best.
9．In my opinion, she is too s________. She cares too much about others' words and so gets hurt often.
10．When applying for a job, you should h________ your experience and skills.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．I feel ashamed ________ the remarks I made the other day.
2．A good teacher should develop the students' ability to think independently so that they won't depend ________ others for everything.
3．The supermarket offers various goods to choose from, so more and more people prefer ________ (shop) there.
4．I didn't intend ________ (buy) the products intended ________ young people.
5．It really upset Tracey when her mother showed a preference ________ her sister.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
In order to find out how English teachers give feedback to their students and how students respond 1.________ it, Matt Dickson from “Campus Matters” was sent to the campus, where he 2.________ (interview) some students.
One student complained that his English teacher often made negative feedback in public, 3.________ made him lose face and hurt his self confidence. Though he knew her good intention of expecting students to become 4.________ (good), he would rather that she encouraged her students. Another student was 5.________ (great) satisfied with her teacher's way of feedback, because her teacher solved problems face to face, which was much more effective. While 6.________ (communicate), her teacher not only pointed out where 7.________ problems were but also allowed them 8.________ (ask) more questions that puzzled them. The last student felt a little 9.________ (disappoint) at his teacher's general comments, which he thought made little sense, because what he needed to know was where his 10.________ (strength) and weaknesses were. Therefore, he had a desire for specific feedback.
Part Ⅲ Lesson 2 How Do We Like Teachers' Feedback
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.
1．manner 2.raise 3.effective 4.intention 5.ashamed 6.upset 7.preference 8.handle
Ⅱ.
1．manner 2.highlights 3.raise 4.effective 5.demanding
6．intention 7.ashamed 8.upset 9.preference 10.handle
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：重点单词
1．①of ②shameful ③to tell ④To her shame ⑤What a shame
2．①preference(s) ②preferable ③for ④in preference to
⑤give (a) preference to
3．①n.把手 ②vt.处理 ③vt.操纵，控制 ④vt.搬动
4．①about ②to see ③upset upsetting ④vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 ⑤adj.难过 ⑥vt.打乱，搅乱
5．①to upset ②for ③writing/to write ④had intended to take part in a summer camp ⑤she had no intention of working abroad
6．①抚养 ②提高 ③筹募 ④举起 ⑤(使)直立 ⑥raise rising ⑦raised ⑧Having been raised ⑨rise
⑩Raise to raise raise rose rise arise
7．①to speak ②be raised ③to be told ④for ⑤Qualified teachers are in great demand in rural areas. ⑥I'm afraid that the supply of this product can hardly meet the customers' demands.
8．①on ②effective ③effects ④effectively ⑤Mother's behaviour has a profound effect on their growing children. ⑥The traffic laws won't take effect/come into effect until the end of the year.
9．①It's bad manners to talk ②in a friendly and confident manner ③Chinese table manners ④manners ⑤in
⑥to bring ⑦speaking
第二版块：重点短语
1．①on/upon ②for ③That/It (all) depends. ④depend on/upon it that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time ⑤depend on/upon him to arrive on time
2．①of ②to ③at
3．①In a word ②In other words ③word for word
④break our word ⑤Word came that
4．①with ②honesty ③To be honest/Honestly speaking/To tell (you) the truth, what I admire most is your working hard.
第三版块：典型句式
1．①were ②had been ③had studied ④had/could have ⑤had been
2．①to retire ②to strengthen ③to show ④to change
⑤to do/to be done ⑥to be published ⑦set ⑧being repaired built
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.
1．get upset 2.depend on 3.point out 4.note down
5．sort sth. into sth.
Ⅱ.
1．To be honest, I have to improve my English, because my English is not good enough.
2．Although she had only met the old man once, he had made a permanent impression on her.
3．People began looking across to see where the noise was coming from.
4．I believe it is best to learn English by speaking it as much as possible.
5．I can agree with you about that, but if we want to solve the trash problem thoroughly, we should take concrete measures in our daily life.
Ⅲ.
1．demanding 2.intention(s) 3.upset 4.handle 5.raise
6．effective 7.ashamed 8.preference 9.sensitive 10.highlight
Ⅳ.
1．of 2.on/upon 3.shopping/to shop 4.buying/to buy for 5.for
Ⅴ.
1．to 2.interviewed 3.which 4.better 5.greatly
6．communicating 7.the 8.to ask 9.disappointed 10.strengths(共83张PPT)
Part Ⅲ Lesson 2 How Do We
Like Teachers' Feedback？
双基夯实·课前排查
核心突破·要点讲解
夯实基础·一遍落实
【学习目标】
话题语境 人与社会
课时词汇 handle, intention, raise, demanding, effective, manner, upset, preference, ashamed
常用短语 depend on, get upset, point out, note down, in other words, to the honest
重点句式 1.wish＋宾语从句的虚拟语气
2．动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给的词性和词义写出单词
1．________________ n. 方式，方法
2．________________ vt. 提出，提起
3．________________ adj. 有效的
4．________________ n. 意图，目的；打算
5．________________ adj. 羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
6．________________ vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱
adj. 烦恼的，心烦意乱的
7．________________ n. 偏爱，偏好
8．________________ vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面)
manner
raise
effective
intention
ashamed
upset
preference
handle
Ⅱ.常用单词练习：根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示写出符合句中单词的正确形式
1．The ________ (方式) in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable.
2．The report ________ (突出显示) the major problems facing society today.
3．I had asked everyone to ________ (提出) questions in advance of the meeting.
4．The new rules will become ________ (有效的) in the next few days.
manner
highlights
raise
effective
5．He found he could no longer deal with his _________ (要求严格的) job.
6．I have every i________ of paying her back what I owe her.
7．You should be a________ of yourself for telling such lies.
8．Don't u________ yourself by thinking about what might have been.
9．Many people expressed a strong p_________ for the original plan.
10．You have to know how to h________ yourself in this business.
demanding
intention
ashamed
upset
preference
handle
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：重点单词
1.ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的，尴尬的；因惭愧而不情愿
(教材P12)to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged感到受伤/羞愧/气馁
(1)be ashamed of sb./sth. 为某人/某事感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth. 因惭愧而不情愿做某事
be ashamed that... 因……感到惭愧/内疚
(2)shame n. [U]羞愧，羞耻；[sing.]令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事
to one's shame 使某人感到羞愧的是
It's a shame that... 真遗憾……
What a shame! 真遗憾！/真可惜！
(3)shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的
(4)shameless adj. 无耻的，没廉耻的
She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。
I'm ashamed to admit that I've never read any of his books.
我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。
She felt ashamed that she had missed her sister's wedding.
她没能参加姐姐的婚礼，觉得很内疚。
I will return, find you, love you, marry you and live without shame.
我会回来，找到你，爱你，娶你，然后挺起胸膛生活。
He shamed his family by being sent to prison.
他锒铛入狱，使家人蒙羞了。
What a shame that you can't stay for dinner!
你不能留下来吃晚饭真遗憾！
易混辨析：
(1)ashamed表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，通常作表语或补语，表示人的心理状态或感受。不用于名词前。
(2)shameful表示“可耻的，丢脸的”，可作表语或定语，指某事情或行为本身可耻、丢脸。
语境串记：
There is nothing shameful about failing the test. Work harder and you will catch up sooner or later. But you should be ashamed of yourself for telling lies about it.考试不及格没什么丢脸的。更加努力学习，你迟早会赶上来的。但是你应该为自己对此说谎而感到羞愧。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We are often ashamed ________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. Remember, you are only human.
②Every single grain on your plate is the result of hard work, so nothing can be more ________ (shame) than wasting food.
③Tom was ashamed ________ (tell) his mother that he had failed the exam again.
④___________ (让她感到羞愧的是), she gained back all the weight she had lost.
⑤Mr Benet cannot attend tomorrow's party because something urgent has come up. ____________ (真可惜)!
of
shameful
to tell
To her shame
What a shame
2.preference n．偏爱，偏好
(教材P12)to depend on personal preference取决于个人喜好
preference n. [U，sing]喜爱，偏爱；[C，U]优惠，优待； [C]偏爱的事物，最喜爱的东西
have a preference for... 偏爱……
in preference to... 优先于……；而不是……
give (a) preference to... 给……以优惠；优待……
He has a strong preference for classical music.
他非常喜欢古典音乐。
She chose the red cup in preference to the black one.
她选择了红色的杯子而不是黑色的杯子。
We give preference to applicants with some experience.
我们优先录用有一定经验的申请人。
I don't know your preferences, so please help yourself.
我不知道你喜欢什么，所以请自便吧。
特别提醒：
prefer→preferred→preferred→→preferring
归纳拓展：
(1)preferable adj.更可取，较合适
be preferable to...比……更可取/更合适(to为介词)
(2)prefer vt.较喜欢，喜欢……多于……
prefer A to B 喜欢A多于B(to为介词)
prefer doing sth./prefer to do sth.较喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth.较喜欢某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/用preference的相关短语完成句子
①A combination of technology and tourism will be a future trend, given the ___________ (prefer) of the younger consumers born in the 1990s and later.
②Prevention of a problem is always ________ (prefer) to trying to solve it.
③Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference ____ certain types of entertainment.
④As for diet, Monica chooses vegetables and fruit _____________ any kinds of meat.
⑤For sustainable development, the government has decided to _______________ those energy saving and environment friendly businesses in many aspects.
preference(s)
preferable
for
in preference to
give (a) preference to
3.handle vt.应付，处理(＝deal with)；操纵，控制 vt.(用手)触，拿，搬动 n. [C]把手
(教材P12)to be handled carefully小心处理
We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely.
我们必须学会冷静、明智地处理冲突。
Can you tell me how to handle the machine
您可以告诉我如何操纵这台机器吗？
Wash your hands before you handle food.
洗完手再拿食物。
Please don't handle the vases—they're very fragile.
请不要触碰花瓶，它们极易破碎。
I turned the handle and found the door was open.
我转动把手，发现门是开着的。
教师提醒：
deal with与do with
翻译：你怎么处理这件事的？
How did you deal with the event
＝What did you do with the event
※动词do为及物动词与疑问代词what连用；而deal为不及物动词，则用疑问副词how与之连用。
[即学即练] 判断下列句子中handle的词性及含义
①Slowly he stooped (弯腰) down, grasped the handles on both sides of the box, and gathered all his strength to lift it.________
②We often come across some problems we can't handle in a usual way, in which case we must think creatively to solve them._________
③I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car.______________
④The label on the box said: “Fragile. Handle it with care.”_________
n.把手
vt.处理
vt.操纵，控制
vt.搬动
4.upset adj.难过，不高兴，失望，沮丧(unhappy or disappointed because of sth. unpleasant that has happened) vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 vt.打翻，碰倒，使倾覆；打乱，搅乱
(教材P12)to get upset感到难过
(1)be upset about... 为……心烦意乱/难过
(2)It upsets sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人心烦意乱
It upsets sb. that... 让某人心烦的是……
He was upset about not being invited to the party.他因未被邀请去参加聚会而难过。
She was upset that her friend had left without saying goodbye to her.
她朋友的不辞而别让她感到难过。
Don't upset yourself by thinking about what might have been.
你别再去想原本可能会怎样而自寻烦恼了。
“It upsets me to hear that news，” the weary mother said to her daughter.
这个疲倦的妈妈对她的女儿说，“听见那个消息让我心烦。”
It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.
让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。
He stood up suddenly, upsetting the soup.他突然站起来，结果把汤打翻了。
The sudden change of the weather upset our plan for a picnic.
天气的突变打乱了我们的野餐计划。
语境串记：
Jim is doing his homework. The flies' flying around him without a stop upsets him. He is so upset that he upsets a cup of water at the corner of the desk.吉姆正在做家庭作业。苍蝇不停地在他周围飞来飞去，这让他心烦意乱。他烦躁极了，以至于打翻了放在桌角的一杯水。
归纳拓展：upsetting adj.令人不快(或忧虑、苦恼)的
I will never see him again and this is a terribly upsetting thought.我将再也不会见到他了，这是非常令人不快的想法。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/判断下列句子中upset的词性及含义
①—What's the matter with Rod
—I think he's still upset ________ failing his driving test.
②It upsets me ________ (see) the river filled with plastic bags and other litter.
③We felt ________ at the _________ news. (upset)
④Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.___________________
⑤When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activities.________
⑥Any change in the weather would upset our plan for driving across the desert.____________
about
to see
upset
upsetting
vt.使生气，使心烦意乱
adj.难过
vt.打乱，搅乱
5.intention n．意图，目的；打算
(教材P105)But I do understand my teacher's intention.但我确实明白我的老师的意图。
intention of doing sth./intention to do sth. 做某事的意图/打算
have no/every intention of doing sth. 无意/一心想做某事
with the intention of doing sth. 怀着做某事的目的/意图
Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.
使用表情符号可以增添幽默和情感，使意图明确。
Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.我理解了妈妈的好意，感激地吃了她提供的所有食物。
He has announced his intention to retire.他已经宣布他打算退休。
I have no intention of allowing you to continue living here alone.
我不打算让他继续独自在这里生活。
He left England with the intention of travelling in China.他离开英格兰，打算去中国旅行。
The original intention of bike sharing is to provide a convenient means of transportation and advocate a low carbon lifestyle.共享单车的初衷是提供便捷的交通方式，倡导低碳的生活方式。
归纳拓展：
(1)intend vt. & vi.计划，打算，想要
intend doing sth./intend to do sth.打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
had intended to do sth.本打算做某事(却未做)
He intends his son to take over his business.他打算让他的儿子接管他的生意。
He had intended to return home last week, but he postponed the trip due to the unpleasant weather.他本来打算上周回家的，但由于天气不好，他推迟了行程。
(2)intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
be intended for...是为……而提供(设计)的
This book is intended for children.这本书是为儿童写的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It isn't my intention ________ (upset) your plan, but we need you right now.
②The book isn't intended ______ general readers probably because the author employs too many scientific terms in it.
③Now Mr White is back and intends ______________ (write) a book about his adventures.
④我本来打算7月份参加一个夏令营，但是，我得到了通知，要参加一个中国绘画展。
I __________________________________ in July, but I was informed that I would have to participate in an exhibition of Chinese paintings.
⑤她拒绝了这份工作，说她无意到国外工作。
She declined the offer of work, saying that _____________________________.
to upset
for
writing/to write
had intended to take part in a summer camp
she had no intention of working abroad
6.raise vt.提出，提起；举起；使升高；增加；筹集；改善；引起；抚养
(教材P105)It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这也让我们有机会对我们不理解的事情进一步提问。
raise money/funds 筹钱/筹集资金
raise children 抚养孩子
raise cattle/corn 养牛/种植玉米
raise one's hand 举手
raise one's voice 提高音量
raise salaries 提高工资
raise a question 提出问题
raise hopes/awareness/consciousness 唤起希望/增强意识/提高觉悟
He knew he had to sell something to raise some money.
他知道自己必须变卖些东西来筹钱了。
When drinking someone's health, you raise your glasses.
当为某人的健康干杯时，你们要举起杯子。
We raised money to help the homeless.我们筹了款来帮助无家可归的人。
She raised her voice in order to be heard.她提高了音量以使别人听到。
I had intended to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve.
我本想向主席提一个问题，但很快我又没了勇气。
易混辨析：
(1)raise是及物动词，表示“抬起；举起”，还可以用于表示“提高(标准、工资、物价等)”。
(2)rise是不及物动词，表示“升起；站起来”，侧重强调由低到高的变化过程；也可指“物价上涨”。还可以作名词，意为“(数、量、值的)增加；兴起，崛起”。
(3)arise是不及物动词，过去式arose，过去分词arisen，表示“出现；发生”。
典型例句：
The student rose from his seat and said that he had realised that it can't be too careful while driving and accidents often arise from carelessness.那位学生从座位上站起来说他已经认识到开车时越仔细越好，事故往往是由疏忽大意而引起来的。
As is known to us all, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.众所周知，太阳东方升起，西方落下。
[即学即练] 判断下列句子中raise的含义/选词填空/用raise, rise或rise的正确形式填空
①Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children._______
②Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection._______
③At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, selling cooked sausages to raise funds._______
抚养
提高
筹募
④Raise your hand if you know the right answer._______
⑤Seeing me come in, she raised herself out of the chair and said hello._________
⑥On Monday morning, we gathered to watch the children ________ (raise/rise) the national flag, and we saw it ___________ (raise/rise) slowly in the wind.
⑦Her popular book Silent Spring ________ (raise/rise) awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.
⑧_______________ (raise/rise) by his grandfather in the countryside, he didn't receive much formal education.
举起
(使)直立
raise
rising
raised
Having been raised
⑨Cinemas have gradually given way to the ________ (raise/rise) of the Internet and cellphones.
⑩________ your hand if you know the right answer.
Stan's dad died, leaving his mother ________ three sons alone.
We should try to ________ people's environmental awareness.
He ________ to greet me.
The total ________ in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.
I'm afraid a problem will ________ when we use a new type of fuel.
rise
Raise
to raise
raise
rose
rise
arise
7.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的
(教材P105)Although it is very demanding for my teacher, it is more effective than other types of feedback.虽然这对我的老师要求很高，但它比其他类型的反馈更有效。
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问
a demand for... 对……的要求
satisfy/meet one's demands 满足某人的要求
suit one's demands 符合某人的需求
in demand 需求量大；受欢迎的
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand from/of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
demand that... 要求……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”形式，should可以省略)
Get the technology that has been proven to help the most demanding customers.
获得这项已经过验证的技术来帮助要求最高的消费者。
Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.在冰柜出现之前，食物保存和餐饮业都需要冰。
The firm attempts to meet/satisfy its customers' demands.这家商行尽力满足顾客的需求。
Her books are in great demand at the moment.她的书目前非常畅销。
These old machines are still in demand.这些旧机器仍然颇受欢迎。
This sport demands both speed and strength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。
She demands to know what was happening.她要求知道发生了什么事情。
The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
易混比较：
ask sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth.
beg sb. to do sth.
order sb. to do sth.
request sb. to do sth.
但demand of/from sb. to do sth.不用demand sb. to do sth.
如：He demanded of/from me to shut the gate.
而不说He demanded me to shut the gate.
知识归纳与总结：
sth. doing/to be done
如：The floor cleaning
＝The floor to be cleaned
译文：地板需要清理了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①She burst into the manager's office and demanded ________ (speak) to him.
②The workers demanded that their salaries ________ (raise)．
③She demanded ________ (tell) everything about it.
④There have been demands ______ the prime minister to resign.
⑤乡村地区对有教学资历的教师的需求量很大。(in demand)
___________________________________________________________
⑥恐怕这种产品会供不应求。(meet one's demands)
___________________________________________________________
to speak
be raised
to be told
for
Qualified teachers are in great demand in rural areas.
I'm afraid that the supply of this product can hardly meet the customers' demands.
8.effective adj.有效的；产生预期效果的
(1)effectively adv. 有效地
(2)effect n. 效果；作用；影响
take effect 生效
have an effect on... 对……有影响
cause and effect 因果(关系)
side effect (药物、疗法的)副作用(常用复数)
come into effect 生效；开始实施
in effect＝in fact 实际上
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。
The tables work more effectively if you take a hot drink after them.
服用这些药片后再喝杯热饮，药效会更好。
While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是它的影响并不都是积极的。
I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any effect.
我试着吃了几片药缓解头疼，但没有起一点作用。
The new salary increase will take effect from January onwards.
新的加薪(标准)将从1月份起正式实行。
The advertising campaigns didn't have much effect on sales.
这些广告宣传活动对销量没起到多大作用。
The rise of a nation does not happen by chance; you can't ignore the rules of cause and effect.一个国家的崛起不是偶然发生的；你不能无视因果定律。
New controls come into effect next month.下月开始实施新的管制措施。
名师提醒：
affect通常用作动词，指影响，使产生变化或假装去感受某件事。
affection n．感情，喜爱；影响，感染
have a deep affection for sb非常喜欢某人
effect通常用作名词，指结果/后果，当用作动词时，指引起。
词汇拓展：
(1)effect vt.使产生；使发生；引起
effect a cure产生疗效
effect a change引起变化
effect a sale实行大减价
(2)effective adj.有效的；实际的；产生深刻印象的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①We are convinced that laughter has a positive effect _____ our physical and mental health.
②Both of the approaches are ________ (effect) and it's really a matter of personal preference as to which one to choose.
③This treatment, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ________ (effect)．
④I can't balance my work and home duties ________ (effect)．
⑤母亲的行为对成长中的孩子有深远的影响。(have an effect on)
___________________________________________________________
⑥交通法要到年底才生效。(take effect/come into effect)
___________________________________________________________
on
effective
effects
effectively
Mother's behaviour has a profound effect on their growing children.
The traffic laws won't take effect/come into effect until the end of the year.
9.manner n．[sing.]方式，方法 n．[pl.]礼貌，礼仪 n．[sing.]态度，举止
(教材P106)I can agree with you about that, but to be more helpful, if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or sensitive.我同意你关于那件事的观点，但是为了更有帮助，如果我们需要给予消极反馈，我们应该用不那么直接的方式，特别是对那些害羞或敏感的人。
in a(n)．..manner 以……方式
table manners 餐桌礼仪
have good/bad manners 有礼貌/没礼貌
It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是礼貌/不礼貌的
His manner of speaking implies that he is not willing to accept the agreement.
他的说话方式暗示他不愿意接受这个协议。
Washing hands with soap is an effective manner to prevent the spread of disease.
用肥皂洗手是有效预防疾病传播的一种方式。
I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.
我曾希望你会表现得更加负责。
In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.
在任何情况下，微笑和有礼貌都会让你有很大收获。
In some parts of the world, it is considered bad manners to take food with the left hand.
在世界的一些地方，用左手拿食物被认为是不礼貌的。
His manner was polite but cool.他举止彬彬有礼但显冷淡。
归纳拓展：
表示“方法，方式”的搭配还有：
method: a method for/of...……的方式
way: in a(n)．..way以……方式；a way of doing sth./a way to do sth.做某事的方法
means: by means of...依靠……方法；a means of (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法
approach: an approach to...……的方法
特别提醒：
表示“礼貌；礼仪”时，要用复数形式manners。若用作主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式，但不能用many或(a) few来修饰，可以用much或(a) little等修饰。
Where are your manners？你的礼貌呢？
He does not have much manners.他不怎么讲礼貌。
[即学即练] 结合manner的用法完成句子/单句语法填空
①用手指着别人说话是不礼貌的。
___________________ with your finger pointing at the other person.
②不会有人对你的肢体语言进行评论，但我还是建议你表现得友好、自信。
Nobody will remark on your body language, but I'd still recommend that you try to act ___________________________.
③得知你对中国餐桌礼仪感兴趣，我很高兴。
I'm delighted to know you have a great interest in __________________.
It's bad manners to talk
in a friendly and confident manner
Chinese table manners
④When we were young, we were brought up by our parents to observe the table ________ (manner) both at home and in public.
⑤I can't have you speaking to your mother ________ the rude manner. You must apologise to her immediately.
⑥It is good manners ________ (bring) along a small gift or some flowers when you are invited to dinner by a foreign friend.
⑦I was impressed by his straightforward manner of ________ (speak)．
manners
in
to bring
speaking
第二版块：重点短语
1.depend on取决于，由……决定；依靠，依赖；指望
(教材P105)to depend on personal preference取决于个人爱好
depend on sb./sth. for sth. 靠某人/某事提供某物
depend on sb. to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on it that... 相信/指望……(it为形式宾语)
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.
你需要多少睡眠很大程度上取决于你的年龄。
Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.
我们是否需要更多的食物要视到场人数而定。
He depended on his writing to make a living.他靠写作谋生。
You can't depend on them to do it.你不能依靠他们做这件事。
Can I depend on it that this won't happen again？我能相信这事不会再发生吗？
If our parents do everything for us, we won't learn to depend on ourselves.
如果父母替我们做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
归纳拓展：
depend构成的其他搭配：
That/It (all) depends.那得看情况(而定)。(交际用语)如：
(1)—What are you going to do this weekend？这个周末你打算干什么？
—It all depends. I may go to Shanghai with my friends.看情况而定。我可能会和我的朋友一起去上海。
(2)—Will you let me go？放了我吧？
—It depends.那得看情况？
—On what？看什么情况？
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Success depends fundamentally ________ our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
②Nowadays many people depend on the Internet ______ the information they need.
③—David, when will you pay a visit to California
—I can't decide at present. _________________ (那得看情况而定)．
④—The weather turns out to be fine.
—We can __________________________________________________
______ (相信货物将按时运到洪灾地区)．
⑤Tom is always late for meetings, so you can't ____________________
___________ (指望他准时到)．
on/upon
for
That/It (all) depends.
depend on/upon it that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time
depend on/upon him to arrive on time
2．point out指出
(1)point of view 观点；见地；立场
to the point of 达到……的程度
(2)point at 指向……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Do you think that, from the point _____ view of results, this exercise was worth the cost
②Most Americans are overworked and stressed _______ the point of tiredness.
③The teacher is pointing ______ the map on the wall and pointing out Paris on it.
of
to
at
知识拓展：
on the point of...正要……的时候
to the point中肯；切题
如：(1)I like Mr. Miner's speech; it was clear and to the point.我喜欢麦纳先生的演讲——清晰，切题。
(2)I was on the point of leaving when the phone rang.我正要离开，这时电话铃响了。
3．in other words换句话说，也就是说
(教材P12)In other words, what kind of feedback do you usually receive from your English teacher？换句话说，你常从英语老师那儿收到什么样的反馈呢？
in other words意为“换句话说，也就是说”。同义表达有：namely, that is (to say), to put it differently。
word构成的其他搭配：
in a word 总之，简言之
word for word 逐字地，一字不差地
have words with sb. 与某人争吵
have a word with sb. 和某人谈谈
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 食言
eat one's words 收回前言，承认错误
Word came that... 有消息说(word在此作“消息”讲，其前无冠词)
He has found his first job. In other words, he needn't depend on his parents any longer.
他已经找到了他的第一份工作。换句话说，他不再需要依靠他的父母了。
He is good at all subjects. In other words, he does well in his studies.
各门学科他都擅长。换句话说，他的功课很优秀。
名师提醒：
(1)word用作不可数名词作“消息；信息”。如：Word came that our women volleyball team won again.
消息传来女排队再次获胜。
(2)have a word with sb.与某人说句话。
have words with sb.与某人吵架
(3)keep one's word信守诺言
break one's word食言
语境串记：
Joe always keeps his word; in other words, he never breaks his word. In addition, he's outgoing and easy going. When free, he'd like to have a word with people face to face, and never has words with others. In a word, all of his friends like him as he can get on well with everyone around him.乔总是信守诺言，换句话说，他从不食言。另外，他是一个外向、随和的人。有空的时候，他喜欢和人面对面地交谈，从来不和别人吵架。总之，他所有的朋友都喜欢他，因为他能和他周围的每个人都相处得很好。
[即学即练] 用word的相关搭配完成句子
①总之，我对你的工作很满意。
_________， I'm very satisfied with your work.
②我很快就发现我正在做的工作，别人早就做过了。换句话说，我在浪费自己的时间。
I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. _____________， I was wasting my time.
③她一字不差地把他们的谈话向我复述了一遍。
She repeated their conversation ____________ to me.
④我们一旦食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。
Once we ______________， nobody will trust us again.
⑤有消息说这次短途旅行要推迟了。
________________ the outing would be put off.
In a word
In other words
word for word
break our word
Word came that
4.to be honest说实话，老实说
(教材P105)To be honest, I sometimes feel quite hurt by her negative feedback.
说实话，有时她的消极反馈让我感到很受伤。
to be honest意为“说实话，老实说”，常作插入语，相当于honestly speaking, to tell (you) the truth；通常置于句首，并且用逗号与后面的内容隔开。
(1)honest adj. 诚实的，老实的；坦率的，坦诚的
be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚
be honest about sth. 对某事坦率
It is honest of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是正直的
(2)(反)dishonest adj. 不诚实的，骗人的
(3)honesty n. [U]诚实，正直
(4)honestly adv. 诚实地，正当地；确实
To be honest, I don't like his way of speaking to others.
说实话，我不喜欢他跟别人说话的方式。
To be honest, everyone makes mistakes when learning to speak a foreign language.
说实话，每个人学说一门外语时都会犯错误。
名师点津：
(1)其他能作插入语的动词不定式短语：
to be brief简单说，扼要地说
to be exact确切地说
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
to begin/start with首先
to sum up/to conclude总而言之
to be frank坦白说
(2)现在分词短语也可作插入语作独立成分。如：
exactly speaking确切地说
frankly speaking坦率地说
briefly speaking简要地说
generally speaking一般说来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
①I think people should always be honest ______ each other so that they can trust each other.
②—What made the young man stand out among the applicants
—His ability, determination and above all, ________ (honest)．
③说实话，我最欣赏的是你工作努力。
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
with
honesty
To be honest/Honestly speaking/To tell (you) the truth, what I admire most is your working hard.
第三版块：典型句式
1.wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
(教材P105)I really wish she could be less direct and more encouraging.我真希望她能不那么直接并且多一些鼓励。
wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下：
类型 从句谓语动词形式
与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词
与现在事实相反 过去式(be动词用were)
与将来事实相反 would/could＋动词原形
I wish I were an astronaut travelling in space in Shenzhou X.
我希望我是一名宇航员，乘坐“神舟十号”漫游太空。
I wish I were a fish swimming in the sea.我希望我是一条在海里游的鱼。
I wish she had survived the plane crash.要是她从那一场空难中幸存了下来该多好。
I wish you could give me a hand at such a busy moment.
我现在忙得不可开交，希望你能帮我一下。
I wish I had seen her last night.要是我昨天晚上见到她了该多好。
名师提醒：
wish和hope的用法区别：
(1)可以用不定式作宾语，wish to do sth.和hope to do sth.
(2)可以说wish sb. to do sth.但不可说hope sb. to do sth.
(3)wish和hope后都可以跟宾语从句，但hope后跟的宾语从句的时态要用陈述句语气，而wish后跟的宾语从句只能用虚拟语气，而不能用陈述句语气。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①What a sunny day! How I wish I ________ (be) on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
②I wish I ________ (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③I wish I __________ (study) photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
④There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ______________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
⑤David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish he ________ (be) there.
were
had been
had studied
had/could have
had been
2．动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
(教材P105)It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这也让我们有机会对我们不理解的事情进一步提问。
(1)当名词前有the only, the next, the last或序数词时，后置定语中的动词须用动词不定式。
(2)当名词前有形容词最高级时，后置定语中的动词也须用动词不定式to do的形式。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。
I am always the last one to leave the company after work.
下班后，我总是最后一个离开公司的人。
I think he is the best man to do the job.我认为他是最适合做这份工作的人。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同样重要。
特别提醒：
动词不定式、动词的 ing形式、动词的过去分词作后置定语的区别：
①动词不定式作后置定语，通常表示动作还没发生。
I have a lot of homework to do this weekend.这个周末我有很多作业要做。
The problem to be solved tomorrow has something to do with everyone here.明天要解决的问题和这里的每个人都有关。
②动词的 ing形式作后置定语，通常表示动作正在进行。
The issue being discussed now at the meeting is about air pollution.会上正在讨论的问题是关于空气污染的。
③动词的过去分词作后置定语，通常表示被动或动作已完成或既被动又完成。
The problem solved yesterday is actually very hard for common people.昨天解决的问题对普通人来说其实很难。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36 year old business.
②I am particularly into basketball because it presents an effective way ___________ (strengthen) my body and mind.
③Meyer and his team were the first people ________ (show) how the disease spreads from animals to human.
④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) lives, including your own.
to retire
to strengthen
to show
to change
⑤There is always a lot work ____________ (do) on weekdays.
⑥His second book _____________ (publish) next month is believed to be a hit.
⑦The project ________ (set) up in 1989 result in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.
⑧The building ____________ (repair) now is our school library, one ________ (build) in 1980.
to do/to be done
to be published
set
being repaired
built
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.背短语—记牢固：根据本课内容，写出下面汉语对应的英语短语
1．变得不安 ________________
2．依赖 ________________
3．指出 ________________
4．记下，写下 ________________
5．整理，把……分类 ________________
get upset
depend on
point out
note down
sort sth. into sth.
Ⅱ.练句子：根据例句和中文提示参照黑体词仿写句子
1．【例句】To be honest, I sometimes feel quite hurt by her negative feedback.
【仿句】说实话，我得补补英语了，因为我的英语还不够好。
___________________________________________________________
2．【例句】Although it is very demanding for my teacher, it is more effective than other types of feedback.
【仿句】虽然她和那位老人只见过一面，可他却给她留下了永久的印象。
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
To be honest, I have to improve my English, because my English is not good enough.
Although she had only met the old man once, he had made a permanent impression on her.
3．【例句】I want to know where my strengths and weaknesses are.
【仿句】人们开始望过去，看响声是从哪里发出的。
___________________________________________________________
4．【例句】I believe it is best to point out students' problems directly.
【仿句】我认为尽可能多地说英语是学习英语的最好方法。
___________________________________________________________
5．【例句】I can agree with you about that, but to be more helpful, if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or sensitive.
【仿句】我同意你的看法，但是如果我们想要彻底解决垃圾问题，我们应该在日常生活中采取具体措施。
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
People began looking across to see where the noise was coming from.
I believe it is best to learn English by speaking it as much as possible.
I can agree with you about that, but if we want to solve the trash problem thoroughly, we should take concrete measures in our daily life.
Ⅲ.单词拼写
1．Although Johnson earns a lot in the new company, his job is stressful and _________ (要求严格的)．
2．Grammar is important because it allows you to express your thoughts and _________ (意图) in a way that is acceptable to native speakers.
3．I felt sorry for what I said to him yesterday, which made him so ________ (沮丧)．
4．If you continue to face peer (同辈) pressure and you're finding it difficult to ________ (处理), talk to someone you trust.
5．Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as to stay home and r________ her son.
demanding
intention(s)
upset
handle
raise
6．Keeping a diary in English is an e________ way to improve our English writing.
7．He apologised for his behaviour and stated that he was a________.
8．—Does Lucy have a p_________ for a particular color
—Yes, she likes blue best.
9．In my opinion, she is too s________. She cares too much about others' words and so gets hurt often.
10．When applying for a job, you should h________ your experience and skills.
effective
ashamed
preference
sensitive
highlight
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1．I feel ashamed ________ the remarks I made the other day.
2．A good teacher should develop the students' ability to think independently so that they won't depend ________ others for everything.
3．The supermarket offers various goods to choose from, so more and more people prefer ______________ (shop) there.
4．I didn't intend ___________ (buy) the products intended ________ young people.
5．It really upset Tracey when her mother showed a preference ________ her sister.
of
on/upon
shopping/to shop
buying/to buy
for
for
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
In order to find out how English teachers give feedback to their students and how students respond 1.________ it, Matt Dickson from “Campus Matters” was sent to the campus, where he 2._________ (interview) some students.
One student complained that his English teacher often made negative feedback in public, 3.________ made him lose face and hurt his self confidence. Though he knew her good intention of expecting students to become 4.________ (good), he would rather that she encouraged her students. Another student was 5.________ (great) satisfied with her teacher's way of feedback, because her teacher solved problems face to face, which was much more effective.
to
interviewed
which
better
greatly
While 6.____________ (communicate), her teacher not only pointed out where 7.________ problems were but also allowed them 8.________ (ask) more questions that puzzled them. The last student felt a little 9._________ (disappoint) at his teacher's general comments, which he thought made little sense, because what he needed to know was where his 10.________ (strength) and weaknesses were. Therefore, he had a desire for specific feedback.
communicating
the
to ask
disappointed
strengths
