(共30张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
要点精研·探究学习
语法新知·对接课堂
语法探究·核心突破
课时达标·随堂自测
要点精研·探究学习
1.essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 n．必需品，必不可少的东西
(教材原句)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information？哪些句子包含一个含有重要信息的从句，哪些句子包含一个含有附加信息的从句？
It is essential that you (should) come home early.
你有必要早点儿回家。
It is essential for us to know all the facts.
对我们来说，了解所有的事实是必要的。
Because I live in a remote village, I regard my car as an essential.
因为我住在一个偏远的村子里，所以我把汽车看作是必需品。
[归纳探究]
be essential to/for... 对……极其重要
It is essential that...(should) do... ……极其重要。
[词块背诵] an essential part必不可少的一部分
essential conditions 必要条件
essentially adv.本质上，根本上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It will be essential _________ (examine) your body every year.
②Experience is essential ________ this job.
③It is essential for the employer ________ (put) an advertisement on the Internet or other social media.
to examine
to/for
to put
2.impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象，使意识到，使铭记
(教材原句)Watson is pleased with his answer, which he thinks will impress Holmes.
华生对他回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
The employer impressed us with his humour.
雇主的幽默给我们留下了深刻印象。
I was very impressed with/by the clown's performance.
小丑的表演给我留下了深刻印象。
He impressed on us the need for immediate action.
他让我们认识到立刻采取行动的必要性。
To my delight, my previous experience made a good impression on the interviewer.
令我感到高兴的是，我以前的经验给面试官留下了一个好印象。
The results show the incident has an impressive and rapid impact on health outcomes.结果表明这件事对健康结果有深刻和迅速的影响。
[归纳探究]
impress sb.with sth. 某事/物给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性
impress sth.on one's mind/memory 使某人把……铭记在心
[单词积累] impression n．印象
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My first _________ (impress) of her was that she could entertain those around her.
②I was impressed ________ his honesty when we met for the first time.
③That was an ________ (impress) performance from such a young tennis player.
④The speaker impressed us ______ his good sense of humour.
impression
with/by
impressive
with
3．deserve v．应得，应受到
(教材原句)We all deserve a second chance, I guess.
我想我们都应该再有一次机会。
The report deserves careful consideration.
这篇报告应该给予认真考虑。
They certainly deserved to win that game.他们当然应该赢得那场比赛。
He deserved punishing/to be punished.他应受惩罚。
[归纳探究]
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事，应该做某事
deserve all/everything sb.get 罪有应得
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
[提示] deserve doing＝deserve to be done动名词的主动形式表被动含义
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The boy deserved praise
＝The boy deserved ________．
＝The boy deserved ___________．
②The doctor deserves ________ (win) the glory.
praising
to be praised
to win
熟记下列重要知识点
①refer to 指的是，参考
②make sense 有意义，讲得通
③come true (梦想)实现
④even so 即使这样
⑤laughing stock 笑料
⑥crack a smile 笑了起来
⑦grin from ear to ear 咧着嘴笑
⑧laugh one's head off 大笑不止
⑨on earth 到底，究竟
⑩get it 知道，明白，做到
语法新知·对接课堂
非限制性定语从句
一、语法现象感知
①I walk through the doors into the waiting area，where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
②．..laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.
③I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.
二、语法规则理解
句①②③中，关系词前面均有_____，它们引导的为______________。
逗号
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句的特点：
形式上：用逗号与主句隔开；
意义上：只是对先行词或主句的补充说明，如删除，主句仍表达完整的意思。
语法探究·核心突破
非限制性定语从句
一、作用
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。没有它，主句也能独立存在；非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
二、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
1．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
2．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
Li Hua, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher yesterday.
李华是我们的班长，昨天被我们的老师表扬了。
3．whom指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。
Peter, whom you met in London, is going to Paris next week.
你在伦敦见过的那个彼得，下周将要去巴黎。
4．whose既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。
先行词指人时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of whom；
先行词指物时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of which。
The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。
5．as既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。
As we all know, smoking is harmful to people's health.
众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。
微点拨
as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
项目 as which
指代 引导从句时只能指代整个主句的内容 引导从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分
位置 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导从句时不能位于主句之前
意义 正如 这，那
She is always working hard, as everyone can see.
正如大家所看到的那样，她一直工作很努力。
As everyone can see, she is honest.
她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
正如报告所显示的那样，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。
The book, which I bought yesterday, is very instructive.这本书是我昨天买的，很有教育意义。
Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher very angry.
汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。
三、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指时间或地点，且在定语从句中作状语时，用when，where引导非限制性定语从句，why不引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Opposite is St Paul's Cathedral, where you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指物。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.
就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出了许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。
Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．引导词不同：关系代词that，关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
2．非限制性定语从句与主句关系不很密切，中间用逗号隔开，译成汉语时，通常译成两句话；而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句话。
I have two foreign teachers, both of whom are from America.我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature.美国来的那位外教教我们文学。
3．非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略；而在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可省略。
This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about.这就是我们正谈论的那个人。
This is the man, whom we talked about just now.这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。
4．在限制性定语从句中，指人时，作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替，但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。
He is the very person whom/who/that we referred to.他正是我们提到的那个人。
Do you know Tom, whom we just referred to
你认识汤姆吗？就是我们刚刚提到过的。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The number of smokers，________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
2．The meeting，________ was held in the park, was attended by 1，000 people.
3．They came to China in the 1970s，________ China was not open to the outside world.
4．________ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.
5．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it differently.
as
which
when
As
which
6．She gave another piece of advice，________ I think is of great help to the research work.
7．She showed the visitors around the museum, ________ construction had taken more than three years.
8．Julie enjoyed reading when young. She grew up in a key middle school in her city，________ her parents both taught Chinese.
9．My aunt，________ you met in the supermarket, has gone to London on business.
10．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.
which
whose
where
whom
whom
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．那个小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是一位工程师。
The boy，____________________，studies very hard.
2．这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。
These apple trees，_____________________， have not borne any fruit.
3．这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。
The textile mill has over 8，000 workers and staff，__________________________．
4．我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们就不会那么忙了。
We will put off the outing until next week，___________________．
5．很多孩子上日间托儿所，在那里他们可以学习和做游戏。
Many children go to a day care centre，________________________．
whose father is an engineer
which I planted three years ago
eighty percent of whom are women
when we won't be so busy
where they can learn and play gamesSection Ⅱ Using language
1.essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 n．必需品，必不可少的东西
(教材原句)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information？哪些句子包含一个含有重要信息的从句，哪些句子包含一个含有附加信息的从句？
It is essential that you (should) come home early.
你有必要早点儿回家。
It is essential for us to know all the facts.
对我们来说，了解所有的事实是必要的。
Because I live in a remote village, I regard my car as an essential.
因为我住在一个偏远的村子里，所以我把汽车看作是必需品。
[归纳探究]
be essential to/for... 对……极其重要
It is essential that...(should) do... ……极其重要。
[词块背诵] an essential part必不可少的一部分
essential conditions 必要条件
essentially adv.本质上，根本上
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It will be essential ________ (examine) your body every year.
②Experience is essential ________ this job.
③It is essential for the employer ________ (put) an advertisement on the Internet or other social media.
2.impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象，使意识到，使铭记
(教材原句)Watson is pleased with his answer, which he thinks will impress Holmes.
华生对他回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
The employer impressed us with his humour.
雇主的幽默给我们留下了深刻印象。
I was very impressed with/by the clown's performance.
小丑的表演给我留下了深刻印象。
He impressed on us the need for immediate action.
他让我们认识到立刻采取行动的必要性。
To my delight, my previous experience made a good impression on the interviewer.
令我感到高兴的是，我以前的经验给面试官留下了一个好印象。
The results show the incident has an impressive and rapid impact on health outcomes.结果表明这件事对健康结果有深刻和迅速的影响。
[归纳探究]
impress sb.with sth. 某事/物给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性
impress sth.on one's mind/memory 使某人把……铭记在心
[单词积累] impression n．印象
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My first ________ (impress) of her was that she could entertain those around her.
②I was impressed ________ his honesty when we met for the first time.
③That was an ________ (impress) performance from such a young tennis player.
④The speaker impressed us ______ his good sense of humour.
3．deserve v．应得，应受到
(教材原句)We all deserve a second chance, I guess.
我想我们都应该再有一次机会。
The report deserves careful consideration.
这篇报告应该给予认真考虑。
They certainly deserved to win that game.他们当然应该赢得那场比赛。
He deserved punishing/to be punished.他应受惩罚。
[归纳探究]
deserve to do sth. 值得做某事，应该做某事
deserve all/everything sb.get 罪有应得
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
[提示] deserve doing＝deserve to be done动名词的主动形式表被动含义
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The boy deserved praise
＝The boy deserved ________．
＝The boy deserved ________________．
②The doctor deserves ________ (win) the glory.
熟记下列重要知识点
①refer to 指的是，参考
②make sense 有意义，讲得通
③come true (梦想)实现
④even so 即使这样
⑤laughing stock 笑料
⑥crack a smile 笑了起来
⑦grin from ear to ear 咧着嘴笑
⑧laugh one's head off 大笑不止
⑨on earth 到底，究竟
⑩get it 知道，明白，做到
非限制性定语从句
一、语法现象感知
①I walk through the doors into the waiting area，where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
②．..laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.
③I speak with the on-duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.
二、语法规则理解
句①②③中，关系词前面均有________，它们引导的为________。
非限制性定语从句的特点：
形式上：用逗号与主句隔开；
意义上：只是对先行词或主句的补充说明，如删除，主句仍表达完整的意思。
非限制性定语从句
一、作用
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。没有它，主句也能独立存在；非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
二、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
1．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
ChinaDaily attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
2．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
Li Hua, who is our monitor, was praised by our teacher yesterday.
李华是我们的班长，昨天被我们的老师表扬了。
3．whom指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。
Peter, whom you met in London, is going to Paris next week.
你在伦敦见过的那个彼得，下周将要去巴黎。
4．whose既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。
先行词指人时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of whom；
先行词指物时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of which。
The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
桌上那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。
5．as既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。
As we all know, smoking is harmful to people's health.
众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。
微点拨
as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
项目 as which
指代 引导从句时只能指代整个主句的内容 引导从句时既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的一部分
位置 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导从句时不能位于主句之前
意义 正如 这，那
She is always working hard, as everyone can see.
正如大家所看到的那样，她一直工作很努力。
As everyone can see, she is honest.
她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。
The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
正如报告所显示的那样，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。
The book, which I bought yesterday, is very instructive.这本书是我昨天买的，很有教育意义。
Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher very angry.
汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。
三、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指时间或地点，且在定语从句中作状语时，用when，where引导非限制性定语从句，why不引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Opposite is St Paul's Cathedral, where you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指物。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.
就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出了许多理论，但没有一项理论得到过证明。
Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。
五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1．引导词不同：关系代词that，关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
2．非限制性定语从句与主句关系不很密切，中间用逗号隔开，译成汉语时，通常译成两句话；而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句话。
I have two foreign teachers, both of whom are from America.我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature.美国来的那位外教教我们文学。
3．非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略；而在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可省略。
This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about.这就是我们正谈论的那个人。
This is the man, whom we talked about just now.这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。
4．在限制性定语从句中，指人时，作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替，但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。
He is the very person whom/who/that we referred to.他正是我们提到的那个人。
Do you know Tom, whom we just referred to
你认识汤姆吗？就是我们刚刚提到过的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The number of smokers，________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
2．The meeting，________ was held in the park, was attended by 1，000 people.
3．They came to China in the 1970s，________ China was not open to the outside world.
4．________ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.
5．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it differently.
6．She gave another piece of advice，________ I think is of great help to the research work.
7．She showed the visitors around the museum, ________ construction had taken more than three years.
8．Julie enjoyed reading when young. She grew up in a key middle school in her city，________ her parents both taught Chinese.
9．My aunt，________ you met in the supermarket, has gone to London on business.
10．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．那个小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是一位工程师。
The boy，________________________________，studies very hard.
2．这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。
These apple trees，________________________， have not borne any fruit.
3．这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。
The textile mill has over 8，000 workers and staff，____________________________．
4．我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们就不会那么忙了。
We will put off the outing until next week，________________________．
5．很多孩子上日间托儿所，在那里他们可以学习和做游戏。
Many children go to a day care centre，________________________．
Section Ⅱ Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1．①to examine ②to/for ③to put
2．①impression ②with/by ③impressive ④with
3．①praising; to be praised ②to win
语法新知·对接课堂
二、逗号；非限制性定语从句
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．as 2.which 3.when 4.As 5.which 6.which
7．whose 8.where 9.whom 10.whom
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．whose father is an engineer
2．which I planted three years ago
3．eighty percent of whom are women
4．when we won't be so busy
5．where they can learn and play games
