外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse单元素养评价四（含解析，无听力音频有听力原文）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse单元素养评价四（含解析，无听力音频有听力原文） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 47.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-06-20 08:42:06 | ||
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单元素养评价(四)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What gift will the woman probably get for Mary
A．A school bag. B．A record. C．A theatre ticket.
2．What will the woman tell the man
A．Her company's name. B．Her new address. C．Her phone number.
3．When can the woman get the computer
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
4．Where is Mary going
A．Home. B．The park. C．The bus stop.
5．Where are the man and the woman probably talking
A．Inside a bookstore. B．Outside an art museum. C．Outside a sports centre.
第二节(共15小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What month is it now
A．September. B．October. C．November.
7．What do we know about the speakers
A．They are both football players. B．They are both in training.
C．They both enjoy sports.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What are the speakers talking about
A．A flight timetable. B．The way to Union Street. C．Hiring a taxi.
9．Where is the woman going on Saturday
A．Garden Hotel. B．The airport. C．The taxi company.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What did the man do with his old car
A．He sold it. B．He repaired the engine. C．He repaired the wheels.
11．How does the man feel about his old car
A．It was more comfortable. B．It was worth the money. C．It was in bad condition.
12．How does the man feel about his new car
A．He thinks it is not worth the money he spent on it.
B．He thinks it is worse than the old one.
C．He thinks it is much better than the old one.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the speaker mainly discuss
A．The history of cola. B．Soft－drink production. C．Using cola as a drug.
14．How was cola originally sold
A．As a soft drink. B．As a medicine. C．As a cooking oil.
15．Why did the speaker mention John S. Pamberton
A．He sold cola to doctors. B．He was a drugstore clerk. C．He developed cola as a drug.
16．How was the drug made into a soft drink
A．By mixing it with special oils. B．By heating it.
C．By adding soda water.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does the sentence “Behind every successful man there is a woman” mean
A．There is a woman standing behind every successful man.
B．Women's support to men is a most important factor of men's success.
C．Every success depends on women.
18．Who wants to be as successful as men
A．All women. B．Every woman. C．Not every woman.
19．Which of the following still exists in the US today
A．Men can get the best jobs but women can't.
B．Women can't get equal pay for equal work.
C．Both A and B.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Men support women in the women's liberation movement.
B．The government supports women in the women's liberation movement.
C．Women want to have the same chance for success.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It's easy to get defeated completely by something negative in your daily life.Give these apps a try if you want to be more positive instead of being negative in your daily life.
Shine
Shine is a text messaging service based on the idea that sometimes you need some external phrases to guide your internal positive thinking.
Visit the website，and you'll have the ability to sign up to receive a daily text message—all you need to provide is a first name and a phone number.Then you'll receive one message per day with inspirational quotes from successful people from Monday through Friday.
Kwippy
In many cases，statements that come from other people can be more powerful than ones you make to yourself.That's where Kwippy comes in.
The app Kwippy has a positive，lively community focused on fun while keeping negativity out.It is a new kind of social media platform that will send you random challenges throughout the day，prompting you to take a photo of something in your nearby environment.
ThinkUp
If you're feeling confident and good about your place in life，download the app，come up with some positive statements about yourself and record them for future generations.If you're feeling less creative or don't know what to say，don't worry—the app also has a list of shared positive statements that you can choose from.
Smiling Mind
Smiling Mind，a nonprofit organization，was founded by and is currently operated by psychologists and educators.Everything there is supported by scientific evidence.The app is free to use but you can make a donation if you want to continue supporting their efforts，displaying friendly and thoughtful acts to others.
In the app，you'll find different choices，which can help you remove negative thoughts and focus on the positivity of the present moments.
21．Which app makes people feel encouraged regularly
A．Shine. B．Kwippy. C．ThinkUp. D．Smiling Mind.
22．Who is Kwippy suitable for
A．Those who need to face a big life challenge.
B．Those who look for a friendly neighborhood.
C．Those who long for a great sense of belonging.
D．Those who want to live an enjoyable social life.
23．What is the purpose of the article
A．To show the power of some advanced apps.
B．To introduce some apps for avoiding people feeling down.
C．To compare the advantages of some apps.
D．To list the wide usage of apps in our daily life.
B
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.
Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class：He stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher's work and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play：they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
24．What is the text about
A．How to become a good teacher.
B．What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.
C．What teachers and actors could learn from each other.
D．The similarities (相似处) and differences between a teacher's work and an actor's.
25．A good teacher __________．
A．knows how to hold the interest of his students
B．must have a good voice
C．knows how to act on the stage
D．stands or sits still while teaching
26．In what way is a teacher's work different from an actor's
A．The teacher must learn everything by heart.
B．He knows how to control his voice better than an actor.
C．He has to deal with unexpected situations.
D．He has to use more facial expressions.
27．The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ________．
A．students can move around in the classroom
B．students must keep silent while theatre audience needn't
C．no memory work is needed for the students
D．the students must take part in their teachers' plays
C
Don't get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long term payoff of studying.
“For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting，” says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study. “They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults.”
For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p．m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. “I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology，” says Vaidya. “But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse control skills.”
In their study, Vaidya and co author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher level reasoning.
“We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system and how it changes from childhood to adulthood，” says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision making. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under developed frontal lobe，” he adds. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate.
In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological (神经学上的) aspects of their results.
28．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
B．Always, adolescents can resist rewards.
C．Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D．Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
29．What does the underlined word “seductive” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Necessary. B．Attractive.
C．Useful. D．Important.
30．Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea
A．The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B．Parents should help children in making decisions.
C．Children should have access to the Internet.
D．Children need help in refocusing their attention.
31．What result does the teenager's brain underdevelopment lead to
A．Doing things after some thought. B．Making good decisions.
C．Joining in dangerous actions. D．Escaping risky behavior.
D
There are around 6，000 living languages in the world and at least half of these are in danger. In every part of the world, languages are disappearing. In fact, one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals. Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia says that in the past 500 years 4.5 percent of languages have died out—compared with 1.3 percent of birds, and 1.9 percent of mammals.
Languages come and go, and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace. Only a very few—Basque, Greek and Latin among them—have lasted more than 2，000 years. But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker.
The Ethnologue, a database of all the languages spoken in the world, states that 417 languages are spoken by so few people that they are in the final stages of becoming extinct. If very few people speak a language, it will probably die out.
Languages may be lost through migration (迁移), as people move from small towns to city centers, or when environments are destroyed by the search for oil or wood. Natural disasters can also destroy populations, and along with them, their language. Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages. The need to establish “official languages”， for a country to educate its children and carry out its business, had a disastrous effect on many small languages.
What is lost if a language is lost Some people argue that languages die as the human race develops. Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language—some industries already reflect this, with English essential for pilots and air traffic controllers. But there are more important things than convenience. As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them.
To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world. Ani Rauhihi, a Maori teacher in New Zealand's North Island, sums it up: “If you grow up speaking our language, you won't know who you are.”
32．What do the figures mentioned in the first paragraph suggest
A．Most languages have died out completely.
B．Languages are in great danger of extinction.
C．Animals are disappearing faster than languages.
D．Languages are disappearing slower than before.
33．What will happen while people moved
A．Populations will reduce. B．Food will grow well.
C．Language will disappear. D．People become strangers.
34．What will come about if a language is lost
A．There will be great trouble.
B．There is no need to worry about it.
C．Its culture and knowledge will also be lost.
D．People will be able to communicate with others conveniently.
35．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Languages reflect our identity.
B．People will speak the same language one day.
C．Fewer people will remember their own languages.
D．Ani Rauhihi cares less about languages dying out.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选择中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选择。选项中有两项为多余选择。
In the most basic sense, self regulation (自我调节) involves controlling one's behavior and thoughts in pursuit (追求) of long term goals. Generally, people who are good at self regulation tend to see the good in others and view challenges as opportunities. They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort. __36__
__37__ A bad tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self regulation skills may lack self confidence. He may have difficulty handling stress, and often, this might be expressed in terms of anger and anxiety.
How do problems with self regulation develop It could start early when a baby isn't treated with enough care. __38__ Later, an adult may struggle with self regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings. When left unchecked, over time this could lead to risky behavior such as taking drugs.
__39__ One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions. __40__ Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as “My friend hates me”， you might instead think, “My friend must be really busy”．
A．Try to cheer yourself up after disappointment.
B．Do the usual series of things at a particular time.
C．A child who doesn't feel safe may have trouble self regulating.
D．A lack of self regulation will cause problems in life.
E．Anyhow, self regulation is so important that we should learn to use this skill.
F．For example, imagine a friend who doesn't return your calls or texts for several days.
G．Also they can calm themselves when feeling upset and cheer themselves when feeling down.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents' __41__. After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts __43__ our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new __44__ dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she __45__ both. So often, even though we're all __46__ at the table together, we're eating __47__ meals. I've never really __48__ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I __49__ asked her about it.
“It is sometimes a(n) __50__ to cook your food，” she admitted. “But it is important for us to __51__ your and Sajan's Indian vegetarian diet.”
She also had her question, “You don't miss the __52__ you grew up with？”
I do. And I don't.
My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I've been away from home for so long, I've __53__ lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I __54__ I was wrong.
Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to __55__.
41．A.talents B．commands C．traditions D．efforts
42．A.concerned B．comfortable C．patient D．strict
43．A.planning B．cooking C．serving D．lasting
44．A.side B．meat C．local D．vegetarian
45．A.dislikes B．recommends C．desires D．loses
46．A.standing B．sitting C．lying D．kneeling
47．A.healthy B．delicious C．different D．heavy
48．A.talked B．agreed C．met D．quarreled
49．A.quickly B．gradually C．regularly D．finally
50．A.challenge B．adventure C．pleasure D．blessing
51．A.change B．honor C．balance D．follow
52．A.trouble B．stories C．family D．flavors
53．A.given away B．left behind C．got attached to D．fallen short of
54．A.forgot B．hoped C．realized D．denied
55．A.sell B．say C．read D．eat
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It has 56.________ population of over 180 million, making it the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria is famous 57.________ crude oil, music and fashion.
Last year I volunteered in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The purpose of the youth clubs was 58.________ (teach) children life skills such as teamwork, science and maths. It was a(n) 59.________ (enjoy) experience. I got to help other people and learn about Nigerian culture first hand. In particular I learnt about Nigerian clothing and languages.
As well as 60.________ (wear) Western clothing, such as jeans and T shirts, Nigerians also wear traditional clothing. Traditional clothing 61.________ (be) bold with bright colours, eye catching patterns and unique shapes. Nigerians wear traditional clothing on Fridays and Sundays, and for special occasions like weddings. They either make the clothes themselves or have them 62.________ (make) by a tailor.
The official language in Nigeria is English. English 63.________ (introduce) to Nigeria when Nigeria became part of the British Empire in 1901. English is 64.________ (main) spoken in big cities. Outside of these cities people speak lots of other languages. In fact, there are over 500 languages 65.________ are spoken in Nigeria. These languages come from different ethnic (种族的) groups.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack来信，说他寒假期间要来中国交流学习。他学了两年中文，但是仍然担心用中文交流时会遇到困难。请你用英语给Jack写封回信，提几点建议，要点如下：1.大胆自信；2.放慢语速；3.借助图画或肢体语言等表达方式。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
How is everything going ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve, a twelve year old boy with alcoholic (酒鬼) parents, was about to be lost forever by the education system. Obviously, he could read, yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve was failing. He had been failing since first grade, as he was passed on from grade to grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed until Miss White appeared.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead (红色头发的人). Steve admired her actually. Yet, he never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White's impatient voice broke into his daydreams. “Steve！！” Frightened, he turned to look at her. “Pay attention! You all did pretty well，” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this... The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class！”
After that, it was war! Steve still wouldn't do his homework. Even as the punishments became more severe, he remained stubborn.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK！” He was unmoved.
“You're smart enough! You'll see a change！” Nothing happened.
“Give yourself a chance! Don't give up on your life！” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I really care about you！” Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it！！ Someone cared about him Someone, totally unreachable and perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM？？！！
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
单元素养评价(四)
第一部分
听力材料：
Text 1
W: Have you got any idea about what you'll buy for Mary's birthday
M: Well, I'll get her a very new school bag. And I promised to take her to a film. What about you
W: Oh, I haven't decided yet. I probably buy her a new music record as she likes it so much.
Text 2
W: Don't forget to write to me，Jason.
M: I won't. But let me make sure I have the right address.Is it 42 East Drive，Birmingham
W: That's right. By the way, my office number has changed since I began to work at Morrison.
M: Has it And tell me what it is，then.
Text 3
W: Now，can we get the computers before Wednesday
M: Well，it depends. If it is less than 10 kilometres, we can deliver them on Tuesday. But if it's farther away, it'll be on Thursday. Where is your office
W: Just around the corner.
Text 4
M: Hello, Mary. Why are you standing here in the cold wind
W: I'm waiting for a bus, but the buses are full at this time of the day.
M: Where are you going This isn't your home. You must take a bus from the other side of the street to go home.
W: I'm not going home now. I'm going for a walk in the park. I always like going for a walk before lunch.
M: Then aren't you going there on foot It isn't very far.
W: Oh, no, Bill. It isn't very interesting to walk through the streets. In fact, it's very boring. So I always take bus No.3.
Text 5
W: The admission price of the gallery is ten dollars per person. I think that's very expensive for a single exhibit.
M: But if we have student cards，we can get in for two.
W: Really Let's have a try.
Text 6
M: Hi，Martha. I see you're working out, too. How many miles have you run so far
W: Well, I've been around the track four times. That's two miles.
M: Are you getting in shape for any particular sport
W: Yes，I've signed up for the school volleyball team.
M: That's wonderful. I'm going to play football.
W: When do you start
M: In two weeks，at the beginning of November.
W: We're having our first volleyball practice tomorrow afternoon and our first game next week.
M: Great. I'll be sure to come and cheer for you.
Text 7
M: Good morning, City Taxi.
W: Good morning. I'd like to book a taxi to the airport for Saturday morning, please.
M: Where from
W: I'm at Garden Hotel on Union Street. There will be three of us sharing. How much would it be
M: About sixty dollars.
W: Sixty dollars Each or all of us
M: That's all together. What time do you want to leave
W: Seven in the morning.
M: Right. We'll pick you up at your hotel at seven then.Thank you very much. Goodbye.
Text 8
W: Why did you sell the car
M: It gave me too much trouble. I was spending too much money on it. I was...er ...spending more money than it was worth. Unfortunately, of course, when you actually sell the car, you've already spent the money on it, so you lose both ways.
W: Well，what was the trouble with your old car
M: The engine needed a lot of repairs and the wheels were giving trouble now and then. When I set off on a journey，it gave me a sort of feeling that I might not get to the other end，so I decided to change it.
W: Is the new car good
M: Yes, it's newer，more comfortable，and it hasn't given me any trouble at all. When I set off, I'm quite sure that I'll be able to get to the other end safely.
Text 9
How many of you drink Coca－Cola Nearly everybody. Did you know that cola started out not as a soft drink, but as a cure for headache back in the late eighteen hundreds
John S. Pamberton, a doctor from Atlanta had experimented for many months to find a cure for the common headache. He worked at his home mixing and heating oils with other materials until he found one mixture that seemed to have good effect on headache.
He began to sell the mixture in drugstores. The customers had to mix it with water before drinking.
Then，how did cola change from a drug to a soft drink That came about quite by accident. One day a patient who was suffering from headache came into a drugstore. He asked for a bottle of cola. He wanted to take it right away，so he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited. It so happened there was no boiled water at the store. The clerk suggested mixing the drug with soda water. The customer agreed. After drinking it, the customer said it tasted wonderful. The clerk continued offering the mixture，and cola gradually became popular.
Text 10
People used to say “Behind every successful man there is a woman.”
Some women still like making their husbands and sons successful. But some women want more for themselves. They want good jobs. When they work, they want to be paid equally as men.
Today the best jobs are still given to men. Even when women do the same work, they are often paid less than men. Women want these things changed.
The women's liberation movement was started by women who didn't want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men，with the same chance for success. The movement is quite new, and many American women do not agree with its purpose. But it has already made several changes in women's lives, and men's lives, too.
答案：
1－5 BCABB 6－10 BCCBA
11－15 CCABC 16－20 CBCCC
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款可以让人在日常生活中更积极向上的App。
21．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一款App中的“you'll receive one message per day with inspirational quotes from successful people from Monday through Friday”可知，它从星期一到星期五推送成功人士的励志名言。故选A项。
22．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Kwippy中的“The app Kwippy has a positive，lively community focused on fun while keeping negativity out.”可知， Kwippy能帮助人们享受愉快的社交生活。故选D项。
23．答案与解析：B 写作目的题。根据第一段的“Give these apps a try if you want to be more positive instead of being negative in your daily life.”可知，此处是介绍四款可以让人在日常生活中更积极向上的App。故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，比较了老师和演员的相似和不同之处。作为一名教师，要有一名优秀演员的才能和天赋，比如你必须要抓住观众的注意力，要讲话清晰，声音令人愉悦，为了把意思表达清楚还要有手势和动作等。
24．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。由文章大意可知比较了老师和演员的相似和不同之处。
25．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第一段“To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience.”可知要成为一名好老师，你需要一个好演员的一些天赋；你必须能够吸引学生的注意力和兴趣。可知好教师必须能够吸引学生的注意力和兴趣。
26．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，演员必须说出他用心学过的话；他每次扮演某个角色时都必须重复同样的话，甚至他的动作和他使用声音的方式通常都是能事先确定的，他所需要做的是让这些经过仔细学习的单词和动作在舞台上显得自然。可以推知演员的表演都是在事先就已经确定好的，而教师必须处理不可预料的情况，这是他们工作的不同之处。
27．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第四段“A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play”可知一个好老师的工作方式完全不同。他的学生积极参与了他的演岀。
C
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章解释了青少年难以抵抗诱惑的原因。
28．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕的都是“奖励对青少年是有吸引力的”这个话题，并且运用了相关的研究结果来阐述青少年会这样的原因——他们的大脑额叶还没有发育完全。A项意为“奖励始终吸引着青少年”，符合文意。故选A。
29．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。画线单词所在的句子为Jatin Vaidya所说的话。由这句话后的“They draw adolescents. Sometimes，the rewards are a kind of motivation for them.”可知，这些奖励对青少年是很有吸引力的。画线单词与下句中的draw相呼应。necessary必要的； attractive有吸引力的； useful有用的； important重要的。故选B。
30．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control skills.”可知，Vaidya认为在重新集中注意力方面，孩子们需要一些帮助。故选D。
31．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“... teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed.”可知，青少年大脑发育得不充分会导致他们参加危险的活动。故选C。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言不断消失的现象以及导致语言消失的原因。
32．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，东安格利亚大学的史蒂夫·萨瑟兰教授说，在过去500年中，有4.5%的语言已经灭绝，而鸟类和哺乳动物的这一比例分别为1.3%和1.9%。所以通过数字的对比可以判断出第一段列的数字就是为了说明科学家史蒂夫·萨瑟兰的观点：languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals, “语言比鸟类和哺乳动物更有灭绝的危险”，也就是语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。
33．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，当人们从小城镇迁移到城市中心，或者当环境因寻找石油或木材而被破坏时，语言可能会在迁移过程中消失。紧接着说自然灾害也会毁灭人口，以及他们的语言。所以迁移会导致语言消失。
34．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them”可知，随着语言的消失，与之相应的生活方式和知识也会消失。所以如果一种语言消失了，它的文化和知识也将消失。
35．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world.”可知，简单地说，语言表达了身份，表达了我们在世界上的位置。由此判断出语言反映了我们的身份。
第二节
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我调节在人的成长中的重要性，自我调节可以帮助我们缓解压力，缺乏自我调节能力则会导致各种各样的问题，所以我们必须要学会自我调节。
36．答案与解析：G 上文“They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort.”说的是会自我调节的好处，分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处，与上文是递进关系，联系更紧密，符合语境。故选G。
37．答案与解析：D 根据下文“A bad-tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-confidence.”可知，下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力，就会产生不好的影响，所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容，符合语境。故选D。
38．答案与解析：C 根据下文“Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.”可知，下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况，所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。
39．答案与解析：E 根据下文“One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions.”可知，下文讲述的是自我调节的方法。E项说我们应该学会使用这项技能，与下文讲述自我调节的方法连接自然，符合语境。故选E。
40．答案与解析：F 根据下文“Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as ‘My friend hates me’， you might instead think，‘My friend must be really busy’．”可知，当好几天都没有收到朋友的来电或短信时，不要想朋友讨厌自己，而应该想朋友一定很忙。此处是在举例，列举了有关朋友的例子，F项符合语境。故选F。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认识有素食传统的丈夫之后，也一直吃素。每次回家的时候，以肉为主食的母亲都会精心地研究新的素食菜肴。作者意识到爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来。
41．答案与解析：C 根据“After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，父母的传统是以肉食为中心。故选C。
42．答案与解析：B 根据“meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，作者父母喜欢以肉食为中心。
43．答案与解析：A 句意：每次萨扬和我回家，我妈妈就会在我们到达前几周开始计划我们的饮食。 根据“weeks before we arrive.”可知，作者母亲在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划他们的素食饮食。
44．答案与解析：D 句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。根据“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too.”可知，因为作者和丈夫都是素食主义者，所以母亲研究素食菜肴。
45．答案与解析：A 句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。根据“After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”和转折词though可知，母亲并不喜欢豆类和酸奶。
46．答案与解析：B 句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。根据“at the table together，”可知，一起坐在桌子上就餐。
47．答案与解析：C 句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。根据“So often, even though we're all __46__ at the table together，” 和前文可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者父母是以肉为中心，所以吃着不同的食物。
48．答案与解析：A 句意：我从来没有和我妈妈谈过我们之间的紧张关系。 根据“about the food tension in our relationship.”可知，作者从没有和母亲交谈关于饮食方面的紧张关系。
49．答案与解析：D 根据“I've never really __48__ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”和转折词but可知，作者最终忍不住问了。
50．答案与解析：A 作者母亲承认有时候做饭是一种挑战。
51．答案与解析：B 句意：但对我们来说，尊重你和萨扬的印度素食是很重要的。 根据“But it is important for us”可知，母亲认为尊重作者和丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。
52．答案与解析：D 根据“I do. And I don't.”可知，母亲问作者是否怀念小时候的味道。
53．答案与解析：C 句意：但是因为我离开家太久了，我爱上了很多新的食物，印度食物已经成为我的食物。根据“But because I've been away from home for so long，”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上了很多新食物。
54．答案与解析：C 根据“I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her，”可知，作者意识到自己错了。
55．答案与解析：D 根据“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点吃的空间。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了西非国家尼日利亚， 尤其是这个国家的服饰和语言。
56．答案与解析：a 考查不定冠词。句意：尼日利亚人口超过1.8亿。根据句意可知此处为短语： have a population of...意为“有……人口”。故填a。
57．答案与解析：for 考查介词。句意：尼日利亚因原油、音乐和时尚而闻名。根据句意可知此处为短语： be famous for意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。
58．答案与解析：to teach 考查不定式作表语。句意：青年俱乐部的目的是教授孩子们生活技能，比如团队合作、科学和数学。分析句子可知设空处作表语，说明主语purpose的具体内容，通常用不定式作表语，故填to teach。
59．答案与解析：enjoyable 考查形容词作定语。句意：这是一次令人很愉快的经历。分析句子可知设空处作定语，修饰名词experience，因此应用形容词enjoyable (令人愉快的)。
60．答案与解析：wearing 考查动名词作宾语。句意：尼日利亚人穿传统服饰也穿西方服饰。设空处作as well as (介词性质)的宾语，又因Nigerians与wear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用动名词wearing作宾语。
61．答案与解析：is 考查主谓一致及时态。句意：传统服饰带有醒目颜色，吸引眼球的图案以及独特的外形。clothing是不可数名词，又因设空处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填is。
62．答案与解析：made 考查过去分词作补语。句意：他们要么自己做衣服，要么让裁缝做。分析句子可知此处考查have sth. done。make与them(指代the clothes)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词作宾补。故填made。
63．答案与解析：was introduced 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：英语在1901年尼日利亚成为英帝国一部分的时候被引入。English与introduce之间是被动关系，由when从句可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，主语是单数，故填was introduced。
64．答案与解析：mainly 考查副词。句意：英语主要是在大城市里说。分析句子可知设空处修饰谓语spoken，因此应用副词mainly (主要地)。故填mainly。
65．答案与解析：which/that 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，在尼日利亚有超过500种语言被说。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句，修饰languages且在从句中作主语，且本句是限制性定语从句，因此that和which均可。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
DearJack，
Howiseverythinggoing I'm glad to learn that you are coming to China this winter. You say you're worried about your Chinese if you are in China. Now let me give you some advice.
First, you should be brave and confident to speak Chinese when you communicate with others. We Chinese are very friendly, so don't be afraid to make any mistakes. Second, speak Chinese slowly and clearly when you talk to others. In this way you can make yourself understood easily. Finally, you can use pictures or drawings and body language. As you know, most of body language is in common in the world.
Bestwishes!
Yours，
LiHua
第二节
参考范文：
Stevewenthomefromschool, thoughtful, thatafternoon. Walking into the house, he took one look around. Both parents were passed out, in various stages of undress, and the stench was overpowering! He, quickly, gathered up his camping gear, a jar of peanut butter, a loaf of bread, a bottle of water, and this time...his schoolbooks. Grim faced and determined, he headed for the woods.
MissWhite, immediately, gaveaquizontheweekendhomework. Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart pounding within his chest. As he sat down, he couldn't resist another look at the smiling, young, beautiful lady. From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home remained the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it!
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What gift will the woman probably get for Mary
A．A school bag. B．A record. C．A theatre ticket.
2．What will the woman tell the man
A．Her company's name. B．Her new address. C．Her phone number.
3．When can the woman get the computer
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday.
4．Where is Mary going
A．Home. B．The park. C．The bus stop.
5．Where are the man and the woman probably talking
A．Inside a bookstore. B．Outside an art museum. C．Outside a sports centre.
第二节(共15小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What month is it now
A．September. B．October. C．November.
7．What do we know about the speakers
A．They are both football players. B．They are both in training.
C．They both enjoy sports.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What are the speakers talking about
A．A flight timetable. B．The way to Union Street. C．Hiring a taxi.
9．Where is the woman going on Saturday
A．Garden Hotel. B．The airport. C．The taxi company.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What did the man do with his old car
A．He sold it. B．He repaired the engine. C．He repaired the wheels.
11．How does the man feel about his old car
A．It was more comfortable. B．It was worth the money. C．It was in bad condition.
12．How does the man feel about his new car
A．He thinks it is not worth the money he spent on it.
B．He thinks it is worse than the old one.
C．He thinks it is much better than the old one.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the speaker mainly discuss
A．The history of cola. B．Soft－drink production. C．Using cola as a drug.
14．How was cola originally sold
A．As a soft drink. B．As a medicine. C．As a cooking oil.
15．Why did the speaker mention John S. Pamberton
A．He sold cola to doctors. B．He was a drugstore clerk. C．He developed cola as a drug.
16．How was the drug made into a soft drink
A．By mixing it with special oils. B．By heating it.
C．By adding soda water.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What does the sentence “Behind every successful man there is a woman” mean
A．There is a woman standing behind every successful man.
B．Women's support to men is a most important factor of men's success.
C．Every success depends on women.
18．Who wants to be as successful as men
A．All women. B．Every woman. C．Not every woman.
19．Which of the following still exists in the US today
A．Men can get the best jobs but women can't.
B．Women can't get equal pay for equal work.
C．Both A and B.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Men support women in the women's liberation movement.
B．The government supports women in the women's liberation movement.
C．Women want to have the same chance for success.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It's easy to get defeated completely by something negative in your daily life.Give these apps a try if you want to be more positive instead of being negative in your daily life.
Shine
Shine is a text messaging service based on the idea that sometimes you need some external phrases to guide your internal positive thinking.
Visit the website，and you'll have the ability to sign up to receive a daily text message—all you need to provide is a first name and a phone number.Then you'll receive one message per day with inspirational quotes from successful people from Monday through Friday.
Kwippy
In many cases，statements that come from other people can be more powerful than ones you make to yourself.That's where Kwippy comes in.
The app Kwippy has a positive，lively community focused on fun while keeping negativity out.It is a new kind of social media platform that will send you random challenges throughout the day，prompting you to take a photo of something in your nearby environment.
ThinkUp
If you're feeling confident and good about your place in life，download the app，come up with some positive statements about yourself and record them for future generations.If you're feeling less creative or don't know what to say，don't worry—the app also has a list of shared positive statements that you can choose from.
Smiling Mind
Smiling Mind，a nonprofit organization，was founded by and is currently operated by psychologists and educators.Everything there is supported by scientific evidence.The app is free to use but you can make a donation if you want to continue supporting their efforts，displaying friendly and thoughtful acts to others.
In the app，you'll find different choices，which can help you remove negative thoughts and focus on the positivity of the present moments.
21．Which app makes people feel encouraged regularly
A．Shine. B．Kwippy. C．ThinkUp. D．Smiling Mind.
22．Who is Kwippy suitable for
A．Those who need to face a big life challenge.
B．Those who look for a friendly neighborhood.
C．Those who long for a great sense of belonging.
D．Those who want to live an enjoyable social life.
23．What is the purpose of the article
A．To show the power of some advanced apps.
B．To introduce some apps for avoiding people feeling down.
C．To compare the advantages of some apps.
D．To list the wide usage of apps in our daily life.
B
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.
Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class：He stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher's work and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play：they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.
24．What is the text about
A．How to become a good teacher.
B．What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.
C．What teachers and actors could learn from each other.
D．The similarities (相似处) and differences between a teacher's work and an actor's.
25．A good teacher __________．
A．knows how to hold the interest of his students
B．must have a good voice
C．knows how to act on the stage
D．stands or sits still while teaching
26．In what way is a teacher's work different from an actor's
A．The teacher must learn everything by heart.
B．He knows how to control his voice better than an actor.
C．He has to deal with unexpected situations.
D．He has to use more facial expressions.
27．The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ________．
A．students can move around in the classroom
B．students must keep silent while theatre audience needn't
C．no memory work is needed for the students
D．the students must take part in their teachers' plays
C
Don't get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long term payoff of studying.
“For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting，” says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study. “They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults.”
For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p．m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. “I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology，” says Vaidya. “But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse control skills.”
In their study, Vaidya and co author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher level reasoning.
“We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system and how it changes from childhood to adulthood，” says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision making. “We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under developed frontal lobe，” he adds. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate.
In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological (神经学上的) aspects of their results.
28．What does the passage mainly tell us
A．Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
B．Always, adolescents can resist rewards.
C．Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D．Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
29．What does the underlined word “seductive” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Necessary. B．Attractive.
C．Useful. D．Important.
30．Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea
A．The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B．Parents should help children in making decisions.
C．Children should have access to the Internet.
D．Children need help in refocusing their attention.
31．What result does the teenager's brain underdevelopment lead to
A．Doing things after some thought. B．Making good decisions.
C．Joining in dangerous actions. D．Escaping risky behavior.
D
There are around 6，000 living languages in the world and at least half of these are in danger. In every part of the world, languages are disappearing. In fact, one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals. Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia says that in the past 500 years 4.5 percent of languages have died out—compared with 1.3 percent of birds, and 1.9 percent of mammals.
Languages come and go, and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace. Only a very few—Basque, Greek and Latin among them—have lasted more than 2，000 years. But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker.
The Ethnologue, a database of all the languages spoken in the world, states that 417 languages are spoken by so few people that they are in the final stages of becoming extinct. If very few people speak a language, it will probably die out.
Languages may be lost through migration (迁移), as people move from small towns to city centers, or when environments are destroyed by the search for oil or wood. Natural disasters can also destroy populations, and along with them, their language. Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages. The need to establish “official languages”， for a country to educate its children and carry out its business, had a disastrous effect on many small languages.
What is lost if a language is lost Some people argue that languages die as the human race develops. Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language—some industries already reflect this, with English essential for pilots and air traffic controllers. But there are more important things than convenience. As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them.
To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world. Ani Rauhihi, a Maori teacher in New Zealand's North Island, sums it up: “If you grow up speaking our language, you won't know who you are.”
32．What do the figures mentioned in the first paragraph suggest
A．Most languages have died out completely.
B．Languages are in great danger of extinction.
C．Animals are disappearing faster than languages.
D．Languages are disappearing slower than before.
33．What will happen while people moved
A．Populations will reduce. B．Food will grow well.
C．Language will disappear. D．People become strangers.
34．What will come about if a language is lost
A．There will be great trouble.
B．There is no need to worry about it.
C．Its culture and knowledge will also be lost.
D．People will be able to communicate with others conveniently.
35．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Languages reflect our identity.
B．People will speak the same language one day.
C．Fewer people will remember their own languages.
D．Ani Rauhihi cares less about languages dying out.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选择中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选择。选项中有两项为多余选择。
In the most basic sense, self regulation (自我调节) involves controlling one's behavior and thoughts in pursuit (追求) of long term goals. Generally, people who are good at self regulation tend to see the good in others and view challenges as opportunities. They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort. __36__
__37__ A bad tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self regulation skills may lack self confidence. He may have difficulty handling stress, and often, this might be expressed in terms of anger and anxiety.
How do problems with self regulation develop It could start early when a baby isn't treated with enough care. __38__ Later, an adult may struggle with self regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings. When left unchecked, over time this could lead to risky behavior such as taking drugs.
__39__ One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions. __40__ Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as “My friend hates me”， you might instead think, “My friend must be really busy”．
A．Try to cheer yourself up after disappointment.
B．Do the usual series of things at a particular time.
C．A child who doesn't feel safe may have trouble self regulating.
D．A lack of self regulation will cause problems in life.
E．Anyhow, self regulation is so important that we should learn to use this skill.
F．For example, imagine a friend who doesn't return your calls or texts for several days.
G．Also they can calm themselves when feeling upset and cheer themselves when feeling down.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents' __41__. After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts __43__ our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new __44__ dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she __45__ both. So often, even though we're all __46__ at the table together, we're eating __47__ meals. I've never really __48__ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I __49__ asked her about it.
“It is sometimes a(n) __50__ to cook your food，” she admitted. “But it is important for us to __51__ your and Sajan's Indian vegetarian diet.”
She also had her question, “You don't miss the __52__ you grew up with？”
I do. And I don't.
My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I've been away from home for so long, I've __53__ lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I __54__ I was wrong.
Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to __55__.
41．A.talents B．commands C．traditions D．efforts
42．A.concerned B．comfortable C．patient D．strict
43．A.planning B．cooking C．serving D．lasting
44．A.side B．meat C．local D．vegetarian
45．A.dislikes B．recommends C．desires D．loses
46．A.standing B．sitting C．lying D．kneeling
47．A.healthy B．delicious C．different D．heavy
48．A.talked B．agreed C．met D．quarreled
49．A.quickly B．gradually C．regularly D．finally
50．A.challenge B．adventure C．pleasure D．blessing
51．A.change B．honor C．balance D．follow
52．A.trouble B．stories C．family D．flavors
53．A.given away B．left behind C．got attached to D．fallen short of
54．A.forgot B．hoped C．realized D．denied
55．A.sell B．say C．read D．eat
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It has 56.________ population of over 180 million, making it the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria is famous 57.________ crude oil, music and fashion.
Last year I volunteered in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The purpose of the youth clubs was 58.________ (teach) children life skills such as teamwork, science and maths. It was a(n) 59.________ (enjoy) experience. I got to help other people and learn about Nigerian culture first hand. In particular I learnt about Nigerian clothing and languages.
As well as 60.________ (wear) Western clothing, such as jeans and T shirts, Nigerians also wear traditional clothing. Traditional clothing 61.________ (be) bold with bright colours, eye catching patterns and unique shapes. Nigerians wear traditional clothing on Fridays and Sundays, and for special occasions like weddings. They either make the clothes themselves or have them 62.________ (make) by a tailor.
The official language in Nigeria is English. English 63.________ (introduce) to Nigeria when Nigeria became part of the British Empire in 1901. English is 64.________ (main) spoken in big cities. Outside of these cities people speak lots of other languages. In fact, there are over 500 languages 65.________ are spoken in Nigeria. These languages come from different ethnic (种族的) groups.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack来信，说他寒假期间要来中国交流学习。他学了两年中文，但是仍然担心用中文交流时会遇到困难。请你用英语给Jack写封回信，提几点建议，要点如下：1.大胆自信；2.放慢语速；3.借助图画或肢体语言等表达方式。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack，
How is everything going ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve, a twelve year old boy with alcoholic (酒鬼) parents, was about to be lost forever by the education system. Obviously, he could read, yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve was failing. He had been failing since first grade, as he was passed on from grade to grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed until Miss White appeared.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead (红色头发的人). Steve admired her actually. Yet, he never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White's impatient voice broke into his daydreams. “Steve！！” Frightened, he turned to look at her. “Pay attention! You all did pretty well，” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this... The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class！”
After that, it was war! Steve still wouldn't do his homework. Even as the punishments became more severe, he remained stubborn.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK！” He was unmoved.
“You're smart enough! You'll see a change！” Nothing happened.
“Give yourself a chance! Don't give up on your life！” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I really care about you！” Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it！！ Someone cared about him Someone, totally unreachable and perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM？？！！
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
单元素养评价(四)
第一部分
听力材料：
Text 1
W: Have you got any idea about what you'll buy for Mary's birthday
M: Well, I'll get her a very new school bag. And I promised to take her to a film. What about you
W: Oh, I haven't decided yet. I probably buy her a new music record as she likes it so much.
Text 2
W: Don't forget to write to me，Jason.
M: I won't. But let me make sure I have the right address.Is it 42 East Drive，Birmingham
W: That's right. By the way, my office number has changed since I began to work at Morrison.
M: Has it And tell me what it is，then.
Text 3
W: Now，can we get the computers before Wednesday
M: Well，it depends. If it is less than 10 kilometres, we can deliver them on Tuesday. But if it's farther away, it'll be on Thursday. Where is your office
W: Just around the corner.
Text 4
M: Hello, Mary. Why are you standing here in the cold wind
W: I'm waiting for a bus, but the buses are full at this time of the day.
M: Where are you going This isn't your home. You must take a bus from the other side of the street to go home.
W: I'm not going home now. I'm going for a walk in the park. I always like going for a walk before lunch.
M: Then aren't you going there on foot It isn't very far.
W: Oh, no, Bill. It isn't very interesting to walk through the streets. In fact, it's very boring. So I always take bus No.3.
Text 5
W: The admission price of the gallery is ten dollars per person. I think that's very expensive for a single exhibit.
M: But if we have student cards，we can get in for two.
W: Really Let's have a try.
Text 6
M: Hi，Martha. I see you're working out, too. How many miles have you run so far
W: Well, I've been around the track four times. That's two miles.
M: Are you getting in shape for any particular sport
W: Yes，I've signed up for the school volleyball team.
M: That's wonderful. I'm going to play football.
W: When do you start
M: In two weeks，at the beginning of November.
W: We're having our first volleyball practice tomorrow afternoon and our first game next week.
M: Great. I'll be sure to come and cheer for you.
Text 7
M: Good morning, City Taxi.
W: Good morning. I'd like to book a taxi to the airport for Saturday morning, please.
M: Where from
W: I'm at Garden Hotel on Union Street. There will be three of us sharing. How much would it be
M: About sixty dollars.
W: Sixty dollars Each or all of us
M: That's all together. What time do you want to leave
W: Seven in the morning.
M: Right. We'll pick you up at your hotel at seven then.Thank you very much. Goodbye.
Text 8
W: Why did you sell the car
M: It gave me too much trouble. I was spending too much money on it. I was...er ...spending more money than it was worth. Unfortunately, of course, when you actually sell the car, you've already spent the money on it, so you lose both ways.
W: Well，what was the trouble with your old car
M: The engine needed a lot of repairs and the wheels were giving trouble now and then. When I set off on a journey，it gave me a sort of feeling that I might not get to the other end，so I decided to change it.
W: Is the new car good
M: Yes, it's newer，more comfortable，and it hasn't given me any trouble at all. When I set off, I'm quite sure that I'll be able to get to the other end safely.
Text 9
How many of you drink Coca－Cola Nearly everybody. Did you know that cola started out not as a soft drink, but as a cure for headache back in the late eighteen hundreds
John S. Pamberton, a doctor from Atlanta had experimented for many months to find a cure for the common headache. He worked at his home mixing and heating oils with other materials until he found one mixture that seemed to have good effect on headache.
He began to sell the mixture in drugstores. The customers had to mix it with water before drinking.
Then，how did cola change from a drug to a soft drink That came about quite by accident. One day a patient who was suffering from headache came into a drugstore. He asked for a bottle of cola. He wanted to take it right away，so he asked the clerk to mix the medicine while he waited. It so happened there was no boiled water at the store. The clerk suggested mixing the drug with soda water. The customer agreed. After drinking it, the customer said it tasted wonderful. The clerk continued offering the mixture，and cola gradually became popular.
Text 10
People used to say “Behind every successful man there is a woman.”
Some women still like making their husbands and sons successful. But some women want more for themselves. They want good jobs. When they work, they want to be paid equally as men.
Today the best jobs are still given to men. Even when women do the same work, they are often paid less than men. Women want these things changed.
The women's liberation movement was started by women who didn't want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men，with the same chance for success. The movement is quite new, and many American women do not agree with its purpose. But it has already made several changes in women's lives, and men's lives, too.
答案：
1－5 BCABB 6－10 BCCBA
11－15 CCABC 16－20 CBCCC
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款可以让人在日常生活中更积极向上的App。
21．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一款App中的“you'll receive one message per day with inspirational quotes from successful people from Monday through Friday”可知，它从星期一到星期五推送成功人士的励志名言。故选A项。
22．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据Kwippy中的“The app Kwippy has a positive，lively community focused on fun while keeping negativity out.”可知， Kwippy能帮助人们享受愉快的社交生活。故选D项。
23．答案与解析：B 写作目的题。根据第一段的“Give these apps a try if you want to be more positive instead of being negative in your daily life.”可知，此处是介绍四款可以让人在日常生活中更积极向上的App。故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，比较了老师和演员的相似和不同之处。作为一名教师，要有一名优秀演员的才能和天赋，比如你必须要抓住观众的注意力，要讲话清晰，声音令人愉悦，为了把意思表达清楚还要有手势和动作等。
24．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。由文章大意可知比较了老师和演员的相似和不同之处。
25．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。由第一段“To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience.”可知要成为一名好老师，你需要一个好演员的一些天赋；你必须能够吸引学生的注意力和兴趣。可知好教师必须能够吸引学生的注意力和兴趣。
26．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，演员必须说出他用心学过的话；他每次扮演某个角色时都必须重复同样的话，甚至他的动作和他使用声音的方式通常都是能事先确定的，他所需要做的是让这些经过仔细学习的单词和动作在舞台上显得自然。可以推知演员的表演都是在事先就已经确定好的，而教师必须处理不可预料的情况，这是他们工作的不同之处。
27．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第四段“A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play”可知一个好老师的工作方式完全不同。他的学生积极参与了他的演岀。
C
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章解释了青少年难以抵抗诱惑的原因。
28．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕的都是“奖励对青少年是有吸引力的”这个话题，并且运用了相关的研究结果来阐述青少年会这样的原因——他们的大脑额叶还没有发育完全。A项意为“奖励始终吸引着青少年”，符合文意。故选A。
29．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。画线单词所在的句子为Jatin Vaidya所说的话。由这句话后的“They draw adolescents. Sometimes，the rewards are a kind of motivation for them.”可知，这些奖励对青少年是很有吸引力的。画线单词与下句中的draw相呼应。necessary必要的； attractive有吸引力的； useful有用的； important重要的。故选B。
30．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control skills.”可知，Vaidya认为在重新集中注意力方面，孩子们需要一些帮助。故选D。
31．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“... teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes (额叶) of their brains are not fully developed.”可知，青少年大脑发育得不充分会导致他们参加危险的活动。故选C。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言不断消失的现象以及导致语言消失的原因。
32．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，东安格利亚大学的史蒂夫·萨瑟兰教授说，在过去500年中，有4.5%的语言已经灭绝，而鸟类和哺乳动物的这一比例分别为1.3%和1.9%。所以通过数字的对比可以判断出第一段列的数字就是为了说明科学家史蒂夫·萨瑟兰的观点：languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals, “语言比鸟类和哺乳动物更有灭绝的危险”，也就是语言正处于灭绝的危险之中。
33．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，当人们从小城镇迁移到城市中心，或者当环境因寻找石油或木材而被破坏时，语言可能会在迁移过程中消失。紧接着说自然灾害也会毁灭人口，以及他们的语言。所以迁移会导致语言消失。
34．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“As languages are lost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them”可知，随着语言的消失，与之相应的生活方式和知识也会消失。所以如果一种语言消失了，它的文化和知识也将消失。
35．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“To put it simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world.”可知，简单地说，语言表达了身份，表达了我们在世界上的位置。由此判断出语言反映了我们的身份。
第二节
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自我调节在人的成长中的重要性，自我调节可以帮助我们缓解压力，缺乏自我调节能力则会导致各种各样的问题，所以我们必须要学会自我调节。
36．答案与解析：G 上文“They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort.”说的是会自我调节的好处，分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处，与上文是递进关系，联系更紧密，符合语境。故选G。
37．答案与解析：D 根据下文“A bad-tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-confidence.”可知，下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力，就会产生不好的影响，所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容，符合语境。故选D。
38．答案与解析：C 根据下文“Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.”可知，下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况，所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。
39．答案与解析：E 根据下文“One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions.”可知，下文讲述的是自我调节的方法。E项说我们应该学会使用这项技能，与下文讲述自我调节的方法连接自然，符合语境。故选E。
40．答案与解析：F 根据下文“Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as ‘My friend hates me’， you might instead think，‘My friend must be really busy’．”可知，当好几天都没有收到朋友的来电或短信时，不要想朋友讨厌自己，而应该想朋友一定很忙。此处是在举例，列举了有关朋友的例子，F项符合语境。故选F。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认识有素食传统的丈夫之后，也一直吃素。每次回家的时候，以肉为主食的母亲都会精心地研究新的素食菜肴。作者意识到爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来。
41．答案与解析：C 根据“After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，父母的传统是以肉食为中心。故选C。
42．答案与解析：B 根据“meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，作者父母喜欢以肉食为中心。
43．答案与解析：A 句意：每次萨扬和我回家，我妈妈就会在我们到达前几周开始计划我们的饮食。 根据“weeks before we arrive.”可知，作者母亲在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划他们的素食饮食。
44．答案与解析：D 句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。根据“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I've been a vegetarian, too.”可知，因为作者和丈夫都是素食主义者，所以母亲研究素食菜肴。
45．答案与解析：A 句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。根据“After all, they are more __42__ with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”和转折词though可知，母亲并不喜欢豆类和酸奶。
46．答案与解析：B 句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。根据“at the table together，”可知，一起坐在桌子上就餐。
47．答案与解析：C 句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。根据“So often, even though we're all __46__ at the table together，” 和前文可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者父母是以肉为中心，所以吃着不同的食物。
48．答案与解析：A 句意：我从来没有和我妈妈谈过我们之间的紧张关系。 根据“about the food tension in our relationship.”可知，作者从没有和母亲交谈关于饮食方面的紧张关系。
49．答案与解析：D 根据“I've never really __48__ with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”和转折词but可知，作者最终忍不住问了。
50．答案与解析：A 作者母亲承认有时候做饭是一种挑战。
51．答案与解析：B 句意：但对我们来说，尊重你和萨扬的印度素食是很重要的。 根据“But it is important for us”可知，母亲认为尊重作者和丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。
52．答案与解析：D 根据“I do. And I don't.”可知，母亲问作者是否怀念小时候的味道。
53．答案与解析：C 句意：但是因为我离开家太久了，我爱上了很多新的食物，印度食物已经成为我的食物。根据“But because I've been away from home for so long，”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上了很多新食物。
54．答案与解析：C 根据“I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her，”可知，作者意识到自己错了。
55．答案与解析：D 根据“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点吃的空间。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了西非国家尼日利亚， 尤其是这个国家的服饰和语言。
56．答案与解析：a 考查不定冠词。句意：尼日利亚人口超过1.8亿。根据句意可知此处为短语： have a population of...意为“有……人口”。故填a。
57．答案与解析：for 考查介词。句意：尼日利亚因原油、音乐和时尚而闻名。根据句意可知此处为短语： be famous for意为“因……而闻名”。故填for。
58．答案与解析：to teach 考查不定式作表语。句意：青年俱乐部的目的是教授孩子们生活技能，比如团队合作、科学和数学。分析句子可知设空处作表语，说明主语purpose的具体内容，通常用不定式作表语，故填to teach。
59．答案与解析：enjoyable 考查形容词作定语。句意：这是一次令人很愉快的经历。分析句子可知设空处作定语，修饰名词experience，因此应用形容词enjoyable (令人愉快的)。
60．答案与解析：wearing 考查动名词作宾语。句意：尼日利亚人穿传统服饰也穿西方服饰。设空处作as well as (介词性质)的宾语，又因Nigerians与wear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用动名词wearing作宾语。
61．答案与解析：is 考查主谓一致及时态。句意：传统服饰带有醒目颜色，吸引眼球的图案以及独特的外形。clothing是不可数名词，又因设空处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填is。
62．答案与解析：made 考查过去分词作补语。句意：他们要么自己做衣服，要么让裁缝做。分析句子可知此处考查have sth. done。make与them(指代the clothes)之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词作宾补。故填made。
63．答案与解析：was introduced 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：英语在1901年尼日利亚成为英帝国一部分的时候被引入。English与introduce之间是被动关系，由when从句可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，主语是单数，故填was introduced。
64．答案与解析：mainly 考查副词。句意：英语主要是在大城市里说。分析句子可知设空处修饰谓语spoken，因此应用副词mainly (主要地)。故填mainly。
65．答案与解析：which/that 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，在尼日利亚有超过500种语言被说。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句，修饰languages且在从句中作主语，且本句是限制性定语从句，因此that和which均可。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
DearJack，
Howiseverythinggoing I'm glad to learn that you are coming to China this winter. You say you're worried about your Chinese if you are in China. Now let me give you some advice.
First, you should be brave and confident to speak Chinese when you communicate with others. We Chinese are very friendly, so don't be afraid to make any mistakes. Second, speak Chinese slowly and clearly when you talk to others. In this way you can make yourself understood easily. Finally, you can use pictures or drawings and body language. As you know, most of body language is in common in the world.
Bestwishes!
Yours，
LiHua
第二节
参考范文：
Stevewenthomefromschool, thoughtful, thatafternoon. Walking into the house, he took one look around. Both parents were passed out, in various stages of undress, and the stench was overpowering! He, quickly, gathered up his camping gear, a jar of peanut butter, a loaf of bread, a bottle of water, and this time...his schoolbooks. Grim faced and determined, he headed for the woods.
MissWhite, immediately, gaveaquizontheweekendhomework. Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart pounding within his chest. As he sat down, he couldn't resist another look at the smiling, young, beautiful lady. From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home remained the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it!