人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection SectionⅠ Reading and Thinking课时作业（含解析）

课时作业(七)　UNIT 3　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　课时跟踪检测
?维度1　单词拼写
1．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The program “Talk and Talk” has been ________ (播放) by our school's radio station for 5 years, and is well received.
2．As is expected，the boy will try his best to ________ (抓住) the golden chance to go abroad to broaden his horizons.
3．Because of the ________ (政策) of reform and opening up, China has taken on a new look over the past decades.
4．There is a growing________ (趋势) that more and more people are living a green life to protect the ecology from being damaged.
5．He was ________ (释放) when the judge ruled there was no evidence against him.
6．He ________ (遭受) neck injuries and the outstanding surgeon was operating on him.
7．We all need to look for ways to reduce our ________ (碳) footprint.
8．At that time people would ________ (挨饿) if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold months of winter.
?维度2　单句语法填空
1．After the news ________ (broadcast) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, we all cheered with great joy.
2．Firstly, you can refer ________ the dictionary whenever you come across unfamiliar words.
3．Without frequent exams, the students ________ (lead) a more comfortable life.
4．Hangzhou and nine other cities were voted the top ten ________ (habit) Chinese cities to live in.
5．Pushing China's ________ (sustain) economic and social development is our shared objective.
6．The money spent on space exploration could have been used to solve such problems as ________ (starve) and pollution.
7．The consultant was in her nineties and hence, she needed help more and more ________ (frequent).
8．There is good evidence ________ children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
9．There is no doubt ________ it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.
10．Learning that you are starving ________ much progress in English reading comprehension, I am writing to offer you some practical suggestions.
?维度3　单句写作(应用文之建议信)
1．得知你渴望在英语阅读理解方面取得进步，我写信告诉你一些实用的建议。(be starving for)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________,
I am writing to offer you some practical suggestions.
2．首先，每当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，你可以查阅词典。(refer to)
Firstly, ________________________ whenever you come across unfamiliar words.
3．其次，何不抓住每个机会练习读英语？(seize)
Besides, ________________________ to practice reading English
4．最后但很重要的是，毫无疑问，你可以极大地受益于阅读外国杂志上的一些文章。
________________________________ you can benefit a lot from reading some articles in foreign magazines.
5．总之，遵照以上建议，你将会提高你在英语阅读理解方面的能力。
All in all, with the above suggestions you ________________________________ your English reading comprehension.
?维度4　课文语法填空
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. In 2013, many people 1.________ (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea ice levels 2.________ (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances 3.________ (find) food. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”， 4.________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man made” greenhouse effect. The “man made” greenhouse effect has now become 5.________ big problem. There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6.________ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. In fact, news reports are 7.________ (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves 8.________ (cause) deaths and economic losses. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9.________ (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility 10.________ (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming.
　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2023·辽宁省抚顺市高二上期中]
Four Great Waterfront Resorts(度假胜地)
Waking up near the water at these wonderful waterfront resorts must be quite an impressive experience for you.
West Oaks Resort
West Oaks Resort is just steps away from some of the best attractions in Okoboji Arnolds Park Amusement Park, Queen's Court shopping center, and downtown bars and restaurants. If that isn't enough, it has a to die for view of sunsets, a unique experience for vacationers. The lakeside condos (公寓) in it are equipped with a kitchen, a living room, a master bedroom and an outdoor pool.
Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre
Located between the beautiful Brooks National Golf Club and the scenic Iowa Great Lakes, Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre in Okoboji promises a memorable getaway. Spend a day swimming outside, boating on the lake, or staying indoors to explore Water Play land. Moreover, no trip here is complete without dining at the Minerva's Restaurant & Bar. With several award winning dishes, it's the best place for steak and seafood.
Fillenwarth Beach Resort
A stay at Fillenwarth Beach Resort includes a wonderful cruise (乘船游览) aboard one of the two 49 foot, custom made cruisers on popular West Lake Okoboji. Or set sail on your own with free access to the resort's sailboats, rowboats, and paddleboats. The resort also provides guests with accommodations ranging from lakefront houses, studios and penthouses to a collection of cottages and apartments.
Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark
It is the first themed indoor water park in Iowa with 25, 000 square feet of water attractions. Guests will enjoy water slides, indoor and outdoor tube rides and a water playground. When it comes to the accommodation, Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark has plenty of rooms where you can overlook the historic town.
1．What highlights West Oaks Resort
A．The award winning food.
B．The amazing sunset views.
C．The wonderful indoor activities.
D．The convenient public transportation.
2．What can vacationers do at Fillenwarth Beach Resort
A．Enjoy the tasty homemade food.
B．Experience the unusual customs.
C．Go boating on West Lake Okoboji.
D．Have fun at the indoor water park.
3．Where will you go if you want to get a bird's eve view of a town
A．West Oaks Resort.
B．Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre.
C．Fillenwarth Beach Resort.
D．Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark.
B
Recently it is said that a dog named Daisy has received an award for picking up a number of beer cans, coffee cups, and other pieces of trash, helping clean up her neighborhood in the process. It's unclear if Daisy is aware of her service, but her help has not gone unnoticed, by any means.
In fact, it is reported that this nine year old dog has picked up more than 5，000 pieces of rubbish. Daisy has been collecting rubbish for the last eight years, at least two times a day. Coming from the city of Worcester in the United Kingdom, Daisy has become the first dog to receive an honor from the mayor (市长). Unlike other dogs, Daisy prefers sniffing around for beer cans among other things. She carries them back home to her owner, Judy Owens, who then takes her pet's offerings and recycles them.
“I wish Daisy understood how special she was and the award just marks what a special little dog she is，” Judy said. “She started picking up rubbish when she was around a beer can and I think she discovered it by accident.”
“One day she just sniffed out a beer can, then began picking it up，” she continued. “She gets very attached to rubbish, and she must think it's some kind of treasure.”
Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town, often known as the dog that helps get rid of all the rubbish. Then, the mayor invited Judy and Daisy to come to his office. “When we arrived, he told us that Daisy would be receiving the award because he wanted to make people more conscious of protecting the environment and to thank her for her contributions over the years，” Judy said. “It was such a surprise...Daisy thought this was great and went to sit on the mayor's chair with a beer can in her mouth. Everyone thought she was funny and started laughing.”
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．A dog owner trains her dog to pick up rubbish.
B．A dog receives an award for picking up rubbish.
C．A mayor gives an award to a dog in his office.
D．A mayor raises people's environmental awareness.
5．Why did the dog receive the award
A．She had brought a lot of treasure to her owner.
B．She had kept all the city clean for eight years.
C．She had contributed a lot to getting rid of the trash.
D．She had made people aware of protecting environment.
6．How did the dog probably start to pick up rubbish
A．By chance. B．By force.
C．Through praise. D．Through training.
7．How would the people in the city feel about what Daisy has been doing
A．Curious. B．Excited.
C．Ashamed. D．Thankful.
C
“Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins (知更鸟) are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night—as well as during the day，” British based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, “There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.”
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, “In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying ‘You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls？’ During the breeding (繁殖) season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concludes that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive (兴旺) in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.
8．According to Dr Dominoni's study, what causes robins to sing so much
A．The breeding season.
B．The light in modern life.
C．The dangerous environment.
D．The noise from heavy machinery.
9．What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output
A．The environment might be polluted.
B．The birds' health might be damaged.
C．The industry cost might be increased.
D．The people's hearing might be affected.
10．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Active at night.
B．Inactive at night.
C．Active during the day.
D．Inactive during the day.
11．Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments
A．Because there are fewer dangers.
B．Because there is more food to eat.
C．Because there is less light pollution.
D．Because there are more places to take shelter.
D
In the rainforest, thousands of species sing and call, forming sound layers so rich that the human mind can be overwhelmed.Drop a hydrophone (水听器) into an ocean and you will hear similar richness, but it is foreign to our air adapted ears. Hundreds of thousands of other vocal (发声的) wonders ring out across the world. Every vocal species has a distinctive sound and every place on the globe has a vocal character.We live in a world of vocal wonder, yet this richness is being damaged worldwide.
In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats, from destroyed forests to overfished oceans. However, in habitats such as thick rainforests or oceans, sound is the only way for most animals to communicate even over short distances. This communication mating songs, cooperative signals about food, cries that indicate social status and alarm calls allow complex animal life to boom. Elsewhere, noise is also the problem. Machines pump so much sound into water and air that other species can't hear one another. The problem of noise is most serious in the oceans, where earthquake exploration, shipping and sonar (声纳) create a deafening sound that is uninhabitable, or nearly so, for many species.
Mankind is also affected by environmental noise, with complaints about noise pollution dating to the very first cities, recorded on clay walls from Babylonia. This noise is no mere inconvenience: It may cause diseases or deaths. The European Environment Agency estimates that environmental noise in Europe causes 12，000 untimely deaths and 48，000 new cases of heart disease per year.
What can be done to address these problems Perhaps among the scientific studies of trends in vocal loss, activism to advocate (提倡) for justice and policy making to reduce noise pollution and habitat destruction, we'd better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than human neighbors.
12．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Reasons contributing to noise.
B．Necessity of protecting nature.
C．Factors leading to vocal loss.
D．Significance of sound diversity.
13．Why does the author list the figures in Paragraph 3
A．To stress the threat of noise.
B．To advocate removing noise.
C．To arouse people's health awareness.
D．To criticize the development of cities.
14．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Make practical policies.
B．Conduct more scientific study.
C．Seek inspiration from a concert.
D．Build bonds with other creatures.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Can You Hear What I Hear
B．Where Is the Sound Taking Us
C．Can You Smell Something in Nature
D．How Can We Protect the Environment
Ⅱ.七选五
When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed. __1__ Here are some tips for parents to educate their children on how to save energy.
Switch off the lights. Assign one day in a week for a “turn off” practice, for a few hours. Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment. __2__
Use energy efficient transportation. When parents and their children are out on vacation, have a cycling outing. When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco friendly transportation options. __3__
Play a game. __4__ Engage them in a game instead. Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy. Let them suggest what measures can be taken within the home to reduce consumption of electricity and go green. Parents can stick small notes near these appliances to give them interesting information on conservation.
__5__ Create a theatre like experience at home on a Sunday and gather everyone in the family, especially the kids, to watch an informative film about environmental issues or climate change. If parents have slightly older children, they can discuss the film and ask them what they think.
A．Watch an environmental film.
B．Talk with children about their opinions.
C．Play some games related to environmental protection.
D．Lecturing kids about environmental issues won't help.
E．It makes them aware of the environmental effect of cars.
F．Light up some candles and play a board game to keep the children occupied.
G．So parents should urge their children to take up environment friendly projects.
课时作业(七)
层级一　课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．broadcast　2.seize　3.policy　4.trend　5.released
6．sustained　7.carbon　8.starve
维度2
1．was broadcast　2.to　3.would lead　4.habitable
5．sustainable　6.starvation　7.frequently　8.that　9.that　10.for
维度3
1．Learning that you are starving for much progress in English reading comprehension
2．you can refer to the dictionary
3．why not seize every chance
4．Last but not least, there is no doubt that
5．would enhance your ability in
维度4
1．were shocked　2.caused　3.to find　4.which　5.a
6．that　7.frequently　8.causing　9.restricting　10.to seize
层级二　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍的是四大海滨度假胜地的相关信息。
1．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据West Oaks Resort部分的“If that isn't enough, it has a to die for view of sunsets, a unique experience for vacationers.”可知， West Oaks Resort的亮点是令人惊叹的日落美景。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据Fillenwarth Beach Resort部分的“A stay at Fillenwarth Beach Resort includes a wonderful cruise aboard one of the two 49 foot, custom made cruisers on popular West Lake Okoboji. Or set sail on your own with free access to the resort's sailboats, rowboats, and paddleboats”可知，在Fillenwarth海滩度假胜地度假者可以在West Lake Okoboji划船。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark部分的“Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark has plenty of rooms where you can overlook the historic town”可知，如果你想鸟瞰一个城镇，你会去Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只名叫黛西的小狗八年来坚持捡垃圾受到市长嘉奖的故事。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知， 本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获得嘉奖的故事展开。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第三句可知，市长授予黛西这个奖项的原因是她一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I think she discovered it by accident”可知，黛西捡垃圾是偶然开始的。
7．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town...to thank her for her contributions over the years”可知，小镇的人都知道黛西捡垃圾，并且对于黛西为保护环境所做的一切是充满感激的。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究调查的结果：由于人造光线，越来越多的鸟类，如知更鸟，在晚上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。
8．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，现代生活中的灯光使知更鸟频繁唱歌。
9．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，鸟儿频繁唱歌可能会使鸟儿的健康受到影响。
10．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据本段中的“And it is not just robins...Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal.”可知，乌鸦和海鸥情况也一样，也就是说这两种鸟晚上也唱歌，指晚上很兴奋。
11．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，它们的天敌都去了安静的地方。因此可推知，在这些工业区，天敌越少，也就是危险越少。
D
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要介绍了人类所在的世界的声音多样性遭到破坏的原因及噪音对人类的危害，并倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。
12．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。根据第二段“In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats, from felled forests to overfished oceans.”和“Elsewhere, noise is also the problem.”可知，第二段主要说明了破坏声音多样性的因素：栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音。
13．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段数字所在句子前的“This noise is no mere inconvenience: It creates physiological burdens that sicken and kill.”可知，作者引用数字是为了强调噪音给人类带来的威胁。
14．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“we'd better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than human neighbors.”可知，作者在最后一段想告诉读者要像和朋友建立联系一样与其他生物也建立联系。
15．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。文章首先说明人类生活在一个充满各样声音的世界里，然而丰富的声音却遭到了破坏，接着介绍了声音遭到破坏的原因：各种生物的栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音，并表明人类的身心健康也受到了噪音的威胁，最后倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。结合最后一段的建议，因此推断A项“Can You Hear What I Hear (你能听到我听到的吗？)”为最佳标题，以问题的方式概括主旨。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了四个教育孩子们节约能源的方法。
1．答案与解析：G　由上文“When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed.”可知，这里主要讲每月电费超出父母预计。而G项中take up environment friendly projects与上文the amount was much more than needed形成因果关系。
2．答案与解析：F　由上文“Assign one day in a week for a ‘turn off’ practice, for a few hours. Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment.”可知，这里主要要求父母每周关一次电。而F项中Light up some candles和上文a “turn off” practice对应。
3．答案与解析：E　由上文“When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco friendly transportation options.”可知，这里主要讲父母让孩子骑自行车，这样更加环保，这让他们意识到汽车对环境的影响。而E项It与前一句的事情对应， them 也与前文the children对应。
4．答案与解析：D　由下文“Engage them in a game instead. Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy.”可知，这里讲要让孩子们参与到节约能量的活动中，而不应该只是一直说而不实践。而D项其中kids与后文的them对应。
5．答案与解析：A　由后文可知，这里主要讲父母和孩子一起看一部关于环境方面的电影。而A项符合语境，对后文有总括作用，其中an environmental film与下文an informative film about environmental issues or climate change对应。