广东中考英语高分二轮语法突破专题九 动词的时态(共60张PPT)

(共60张PPT)
专题九 动词的时态
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3
4
考点梳理
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2
广东真题
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中考特训
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中考链接
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考点梳理
学习重点：
1.掌握动词的八种基本时态的构成和用法（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去将来时和过去完成时）。
2.掌握动词的五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数形式、动词的ing形式、动词的过去式和过去分词。
考点梳理
考点一：一般现在时
1.第三人称单数动词变化规则：
规则 动词原形 第三人称单数形式
一般在词尾加－s，（清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读?/z/?；在t后读/ts/，在d后读/dz/。） play
leave plays
leaves
考点梳理
规则 动词原形 第三人称单数形式
以字母s，x，ch，sh，o结尾的词加－es，读/iz/，如果动词原形词尾已有e，则只加－s。 pass
teach
wish
do passes
teaches
wishes
does
以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加－es，读/z/。 study
carry
fly studies
carries
flies
考点梳理
2.一般现在时的用法
（1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有：always，often，usually，seldom，never，once a week等。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。
eg. He often goes swimming in summer.
他夏天经常游泳。
I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.
每天早上我七点离开家去上学。
考点梳理
（2）表示现在的状态。
eg. My father is at work.He is very busy.
我父亲在工作，他很忙。
The boy is twelve.这男孩十二岁。
（3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。
eg.All my family love football.
我全家人都喜欢足球。
My sister is always ready to help others.
我妹妹总是乐于助人。
Ann does not speak English well.
安的英语说得不好。
考点梳理
（4）表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象
（如宾语从句中）。
eg. The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国东部。
考点梳理
（5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
eg.I'll tell him the news when he comes back.
他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。
If he comes back，I will talk with him.
如果他回来，我会和他谈谈。
考点梳理
考点二：一般过去时
1.动词过去式的规则变化：
构成规则 动词原形 动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加－ed，（在清辅音后读/t/；在浊辅音和元音后读/d/；在/t/，/d/后读/id/。） look
play
work looked
played
worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加－d like
live
hope liked
lived
hoped
考点梳理
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加－ed plan
stop
drop planned
stopped
dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加－ed study
worry
cry studied
worried
cried
注：不规则动词过去式参见九年级课本不规则动词表。
考点梳理
2.用法
（1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday，last week，an hour ago，just now，the other day，in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。
eg. Where did you go just now？
刚才你上哪儿去了？
After a few years，she started to play the piano.
几年后，她开始弹钢琴。
考点梳理
（2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。
常与often，always等表示频度的副词连用。
eg. When I was a child，I often played football in the street.
我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
考点梳理
考点三：一般将来时
1.用will＋动词原形，用来表达将来在某一时间要发生的动作或状态；当主语为第一人称时will可用shall来替代。
2.用be going to＋动词原形，用来表示打算、计划去做或不久将要发生的动作。
考点梳理
3.常用的时间状语（标志词）
有：tomorrow（明天）；
next week/year（下周/明年）；
one day（有一天）；in two days（两天后）。
eg.The Olympic Games will be held in four years.
奥运会将会在四年后举行。
Lucy is going to go shopping this
afternoon.
露丝打算今天下午去购物。
考点梳理
4.表示往来运动的某些短暂性动词，可用现在进行时表示将来时。这类动词有：arrive，come，go，leave，fly，move等。如：
He is coming to see me next week.
他下星期将要来看我。
We are going on a field trip tomorrow.
我们明天将去郊游。
We are leaving for/flying to London.
我们将要动身前往/飞去伦敦。
考点梳理
考点四：现在进行时
2.现在进行时的构成：am/is/are＋动词的现在分词
1动词V.－ing的构成形式
规则 原形 －ing形式
（1）一般在动词原形末尾加－ing listen
spend
stay listening
spending
staying
（2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加－ing have
prepare
close having
preparing
closing
考点梳理
（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加－ing sit
begin
run
put
（4以ie为重读音节结尾的动词，先去掉e，把i改为y，再加－ing lie
die
考点梳理
2.用法
（1）表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生或
进行的动作。常与now，right now，at
this moment等时间状语连用。
eg.We are waiting for you now.
我们正在等你。
（2）表示现阶段（说话前后一段时间内），
一直在进行的活动。
eg.He is doing homework from 7 to 9.
从七点到九点他一直在做作业。
考点梳理
（3）表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return等。
eg.I'm leaving tomorrow.
明天我要走了。
The train is arriving soon.
火车要到了。
考点梳理
考点五：过去进行时
1.过去进行时的构成：was/were＋动词的现在
分词（－ing）
2.用法
表示过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常
用的时间状语（标志词）有：at that time；at this time yesterday；at nine o'clock last night；when I saw him等。
eg.At this moment yesterday，I was cleaning
my room. 昨天的这个时间，我正在打扫房间。
When I saw him，he was reading a book.
当我看见他时，他在看书。
考点梳理
考点六：现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的构成：助动词have/has＋动词的过去分词。
2.过去分词的构成：
过去分词的规则变化与动词过去式的变化相同，在动词词尾加－ed；不规则变化的过去分词见九年级教科书P184～185《不规则动词表》。
考点梳理
3.用法
（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already，yet，ever，never，just，before，in the past/last few days，so far，twice等词连用。
eg. Have you ever cooked at home？
你在家煮饭吗？
You have already grown much taller.
你已经长高了许多。
考点梳理
（2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状，并可能还要延续。往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，常用的有：for＋一段时间；since＋过去时间点或从句。（since`用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度），用how long来提问。
eg.It has been five years since he joined the army.
他参军五年了。
They have learned English for eight years.
他们已学了八年的英语了。
考点梳理
4.现在完成时需注意的问题：
（1）比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，不和现在发生联系，常与具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday，last week，... ago，in 1980，in October，just now；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，不能与表过去的时间状语连用。
考点梳理
I saw this film yesterday.
昨天我看这场电影。（强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film.
我已经看过这场电影。
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
考点梳理
He joined the Party three years ago.
三年前，他加入共产党。
（强调加入的动作发生过了）
He has been a Party member for three years.
他成为一名党员三年了。（强调他是党员）
考点梳理
（2）have been to，have gone to和have been in 的区别：have been to 去过，到过，暗含已经回来了。
have gone to
去某地了……，在去的途中或已经到达。
have been in 去了，并且在那里待下来。
He has been to Guangzhou.
他去过广州。（现在不在广州）
He has gone to Guangzhou.
他去了广州。（现在在广州或在去广州的路上）
He has been in Guangzhou for 2 days.
他去广州两天了。
考点梳理
（3）延续性动词和短暂性动词之间的转化
leave—be away（from） buy—have borrow—keep die—be dead
come/get（back）—be（back）
open—be open begin/start—be on
become/get—be arrive in（at）/get
to/reach—be here/there
join the army—be in the army/be a soldier
join the league—be in the league/be a
league member
marry/get married—be married
考点梳理
试比较：
We bought the book three years ago.
我们三年前买这本书。 We have had the book for three years.
我们买了这本书已经三年了。
I borrowed the book last week.
我上周借了这本书。 I have kept the book since last week.
我借这本书已经一周了。
His grandfather died two years ago.
他的祖父两年前去世了。 His grandfather has been dead for two years.
他的祖父去世已经两年了。
考点梳理
考点七：过去完成时
1.过去完成时的构成：助动词had＋动词过去分词。
2.用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已完成的行为或存在的状态。即发生的时间是过去的过去。常与“by/before＋过去时间”构成的短语连用，或与by the time或when引导的时间状语从句连用。
考点梳理
eg. The train had already left before we arrived.
在我到达之前，火车已经开走了。
He said that he had learned some English before.他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he got outside，the bus had already left.当他走到外面时，公共汽车已经离开了。
When I got there，the teacher had begun his class.当我去到那里的时候，老师已经开始上课了。
考点梳理
考点八：过去将来时
1.过去将来时的构成：
（1）would/should＋动词原形
（2）was/were`going`to＋动词原形
2.用法：表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。
例如： He said that he would finish his work before 9 o'clock.
他说他会在九点之前完成工作。
广东真题
( )1. My father__________in a panda protection center for 10 years，so he knows a lot about panda.
（2019·广东）
A.was working B.is working
C.has worked D.will work
C
广东真题
( )2. It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong__________to more than 1，000so far.（2018·广东）
A.increase B.increased C.has`increased D.will`increase
C
( )3.—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o'clock last night.
—Oh，I__________a football match of the Russia World`Cup.（2018·广东）
A.watched B.was watched
C.am watching D.was watching
广东真题
D
广东真题
( )4.Sue wasn't happy because she __________the concert given by her favorite singer.（2017·广东）
A.misses B.missed
C.will miss D.is missing
( )5. Betty__________
hard since last term.That's why her exam
results are so good！（2017·广东）
A.has worked B.will work
C.worked D.was working
B
A
广东真题
( )6. With the development of science and technology，robot cooks __________ in our families in the future.（2016·广东）
A.appear B.appeared
C.will appear D.were appearing
C
( )7.School violence __________ much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible.（2016·广东）
A.drew B.will draw
C.has drawn D.was drawing
广东真题
C
广东真题
( )8. Don't disturb Allen now.He__________for the Spelling Bee competition.（2015·广东）
A.prepares B.prepared
C.is preparing D.will prepare
( )9. Lei Feng__________for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging us.（2015·广东）
A.died B.has died
C.was dead D.has been dead
C
D
中考链接
( )1.—I wonder if you __________ sakura（樱花）with me in Wu Han University this year.
—I will go if I __________ time（2019·广东模拟）
A.admire；have
B.will admire；have
C.will admire；will have
D.admire；will have
B
中考链接
( )2.—Richard went to Zhongshan Memorial Library at 2：00 p.m.He ________ for almost 3 hours.
He must be very tired.
—I see.I __________ him up in 10 minutes.
（2019·广东模拟）
A.has studied；will pick
B.studied；picked
C.is studying；have picked
D.has studied；pick
A
( )3. They will go hiking if it __________ tomorrow.（2019·惠州模拟）
A.will rain B.won't rain
C.rains D.doesn't rain
D
中考链接
( )4. 2019 National Youth Diving Championship（跳水冠军赛）
__________ much attention of the whole society and people in Shantou speak highly of it.
（2019·中山模拟）
A.drew B.will draw
C.has drawn D.was drawing
C
中考链接
中考链接
( )5.—What a nice watch！How long __________ you __________ it？
—For just two weeks.（2019·东莞模拟）
A.will；buy B.have；had
C.were；having D.have；bought
B
( )6.—Do you know if Jack will drive to London this weekend？
—Jack？Never！He __________ driving.
（2019·东莞模拟）
A.has hated B.will hate
C.hated D.hates
中考链接
D
中考链接
( )7.—Anne，come and look！What beautiful flowers！
—I don't think she can hear you.
She __________with her friends on the phone.
（2019·汕头模拟）
A.talks B.talked
C.is talking D.has talked
C
中考链接
( )8.Unless the weather __________，we'll have to cancel the picnic.（2019·中山模拟）
A.improve B.improves
C.improved D.will`improve
B
( )9.—Where is Lucy now？I haven't seen him for along time.
—He__________ Hong Kong for a week.
（2019·广东模拟）
A went B.has been in
C.has been to D.has gone to
中考链接
B
( )10.—Jeff，could you tell me if it_________ tomorrow.If it_________tomorrow，I will stay at home.
—It's reported that it will be sunny.
Let's go camping on the Fenghuang mountain.
（2019·达州）
A.rain；rain
B.rains；rains
C.will rain；rains
D.will rain；will rain
中考链接
C
( )11.—Jim，could you please answer the question？
—Sorry，I __________ .
Could you say it again？（2019·河南）
A.wasn't listening B.don't listen
C.am not listening D.won't listen
A
中考链接
( )12.一Linda，you weren't at home at five o'clock yesterday afternoon.
一I __________
soccer with my classmates when you called me.
（2019·湘西州）
A.play
B.was playing
C.was play
B
中考链接
( )13. With the rapid progress in high technology，
5G__________around most parts of China in the near future.（2019·昆明）
A.is used B.is using
C.will use D.will be used
D
中考链接
中考链接
( )14. When you ________me last night，I __________the piano.
A.were calling；was playing
B.were calling；played
C.called；played
D.called；was playing
D
中考链接
( )15.—There __________
a concert given by the top students from Yale University next Tuesday.
—Yes.I am looking forward to it.
A.will be B.will have
C.are going to be D.is going to have
A
中考特训
语法选择
.
One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town .Suddenly the bag 1 from his horse onto the road .He did not know 2 to do about it because it was 3 heavy for him to lift by himself.He only hoped that someone would soon pass by and 4 him a hand.
中考特训
语法选择
.
Just at that moment a man 5 a horse came up to him.But the farmer's heart 6 when he saw who he was.It was the great man 7 nearby.The farmer had hoped to ask another farmer or a poor man like him to come along and help him.He couldn't ask such a great man to help him.But to his 8 , the great man got off his horse as soon as he came nearer.He said to the farmer, “I see you 9 help, friend .How good it is that I'm here just at the right time.” Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse.
中考特训
语法选择
.
“Sir，” asked the farmer., “ how can I pay you？”
“It's quite easy，” the great man replied with 10 .
“Whenever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.”
中考特训
语法选择
.
(　　)1.A.fall B．fell C．falling D．falls
(　　)2.A.what B．how C．that D．which
(　　)3.A.very B．so C．quite D．too
(　　)4.A.gave B．gives
C．giving D．give
(　　)5.A.riding B．ride C．rode D．rides
B
A
A
D
D
中考特训
语法选择
.
(　　)6.A.rises B．sinks
C．sank D．rose
(　　)7.A.living B．lived
C．lives D．live
(　　)8.A.surprised B．surprising
C．surprise D．surprises
(　　)9.A.needs B．need
C．needing D．needed
(　　)10.A.smiles B．smile
C．a smile D．smiling
C
A
C
C
B
感谢聆听