牛津译林版(2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Food matters Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 同步课时作业(含答案)

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名称 牛津译林版(2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Food matters Grammar and usage & Integrated skills 同步课时作业(含答案)
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版本资源 牛津译林版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2023-06-20 15:26:13

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Unit 1 Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
一、
1.It is a helpful way _____(reduce) stress by taking a deep breath.
2.We were _____(mild) surprised to see him again so soon.
3.Romeo gazed at Juliet with pure _____(adore) at a party when he first met her.
4.It is rude _________(stare) at a foreign visitor.
5.It took him a long time _________(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
6.New Year's Eve that night, my mother took out the prepared _____ (馅料) to make dumplings.
7.You can use milk in place of _____ (奶油) in this recipe.
8.We stopped on the mountain pass to admire the _____(风景).
9.There are two _____(版本) of the game, a long one and a short one.
10.Every morning, his mother _____(煮) an egg for him to provide enough nutrition for him.
二、
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours after eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grain, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms increase rapidly in dirty places and warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.
Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of rest and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
1.What can we learn from the passage
A.Food when poisoned cannot make people sick.
B.Food poisoning comes in varieties.
C.ood poisoning means death.
D.Food poisoning is only caused by microorganisms.
2.Which can describe the symptoms of food poisoning
A.They are always accompanied by fever. B.They are too common to be noticed.
C.They can be noticed within hours. D.They can be ignored.
3.What can cause food poisoning according to the passage
A.All chemicals. B.Some tiny living things.
C.Low temperature. D.All kinds of natural materials.
4.What can we know from Paragraph 5
A.Mushrooms should not be eaten.
B.Vegetables are safer than meat and seafood.
C.Natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals.
D.Different types of food should be handled differently.
三、
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) ①_____ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ②_____ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required ③_____ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt ④_____ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As ⑤_____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even ⑥_____ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ⑦_____ (be) full of fat and salt; by ⑧_____ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be ⑨_____ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ⑩_____ is not good for the health.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案:to reduce
解析:句意为:通过深呼吸来减压是一种有用的方法。此处to reduce stress by taking a deep breath为真正的主语,被后置, It为形式主语。
2.答案:mildly
解析:句意为:我们对这么快就又看到他感到有点诧异。此处mildly意为“稍微;轻微地”。
3.答案:adoration
解析:句意为:第一次在聚会上见到朱丽叶时,罗密欧就一往情深地注视着她。with为介词,其后接名词(短语)、代词、动名词或从句作其宾语,此处pure为形容词,应修饰名词。故填adoration。
4.答案:to stare
5.答案:to acquire
解析:句意:他花了很长时间才学会成为一名优秀的舞蹈家所需要的技能。“It takes sb+时段+ to do sth”为固定句型,意为 "某人用了多少时间做某事",其中it为形式主语,不定式为真正的宾语。
6.答案:filling
7.答案:cream
8.答案:scenery
9.答案:versions
10.答案:boils
二、
答案:1-4 BCBD
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第一段中Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.(食物中毒通常不严重, 但有些类型是致命的)以及第二段中Certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning.(某些微生物会引起大多数类型的食物中毒)可知, B选项"食物中毒的类型是多种多样的"正确。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第一段中The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours after eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.(食物中毒的症状通常在食用有毒食物后数小时内就开始了。发烧是最常见的症状之一)可知, C选项"食物中毒的症状可以在几个小时内被注意到"最能描述食物中毒的症状。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知, 某些微生物会引起大多数类型的食物中毒。细菌和其他微生物可以污染鸡蛋、肉类、蔬菜和许多其他食物。这些微小的生物进入人体后, 会释放出让人生病的毒素。由此可知, 一些微生物会导致食物中毒。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据第五段中Food should be kept...other foods that grow in the wild.(食物应保存在冰箱里, 以防止微生物生长。肉类需要彻底煮熟, 以杀死所有危险的微生物。人们在吃洒有化学物质的食物之前也应该清洗。最后, 人们不应该吃处于野生状态的蘑菇或其他处于野生状态的食物)可推知, 不同种类的食物应该用不同的方法处理。故选D项。
三、
答案: as; effects; to process; are removed; a; worse; is; eating; careful; which
解析:①句意为:这种由医学界开始的作为一种与心脏病抗争的方法的趋势……根据句意可知,设空处应填介词as,意为“作为”。
②side effect意为“副作用”,通常用复数形式。由前面的some和后面列举的两种副作用也可知要用复数形式。故填effects。
③require在此处意为“需要”,此处为其被动语态, They are required为句子主干,其后为目的状语,说明需要脂肪和盐的目的,因此应填不定式to process。
④句意为:当脂肪和盐被从食物中移除,食物尝起来就好像失去了某种东西。分析句子结构可知,设空处是谓语, fat and salt和remove之间是被动关系,且本句陈述的是一个事实,所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语是两种事物,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are removed。
⑤句意为:结果,人们会吃更多的食物试图去弥补丢失的那种东西。as a result是固定搭配,意为“结果”。故填a。
⑥句意为:更糟糕的是,人们吃的快餐的量在增多。even worse意为“更糟糕的是”,是固定搭配, even用来修饰比较级。故填worse。
⑦句意为:快餐里充满了脂肪和盐……这里陈述了一个事实,所以要用一般现在时;主语Fast food是第三人称单数,设空处为谓语,故填is。
⑧句意为:……通过吃更多的快餐,人们将会摄取比他们饮食所需要的更多的盐和脂肪。by为介词,此处应接动名词作宾语。故填eating。
⑨句意为:然而,当心不要走极端。此处be动词后应用形容词。be careful not to do sth意为“当心不要做某事”,故填careful。
⑩分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的一句话,且在从句中作主语,故填which。
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