中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2019-2022年高考英语分类汇编——专题2语法
一、单项选择
1．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party.
A．cancels B．will cancel
C．has cancelled D．had cancelled
2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.
A．distribute B．distributed
C．are distributed D．were distributed
3．（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A．how B．what C．why D．which
4．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud.
A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though
5．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping
6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested.
A．for which B．with which
C．for whom D．with whom
7．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A．allowing B．being allowed
C．having allowed D．having been allowed
8．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless
9．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.
A．prepare B．prepares
C．is preparing D．are preparing
10．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.
A．delivered B．will be delivering
C．was delivering D．has been delivering
11．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.
A．has offered B．has been offered
C．had offered D．had been offered
12．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A．may have made
B．should have made
C．couldn't have made
D．needn't have made
13．（2021·天津·高考真题）Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
A．because B．until C．before D．although
14．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world.
A．when B．where C．what D．which
15．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills.
A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught
16．（2021·天津·高考真题）Nowadays many people travel across China ________ high-speed trains.
A．on behalf of B．by means of
C．at cost of D．in terms of
17．（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A．when B．where C．what D．whether
18．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.
A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing
19．（2021·天津·高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
20．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
21．（2021·天津·高考真题）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because
22．（2021·天津·高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
23．（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
24．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
25．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A．were displaying B．are displaying
C．were being displayed D．are being displayed
26．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with C．having combined with D．to be combined with
27．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone.
A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited
28．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which C．when D．whom
29．（2020·江苏·高考真题）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that
30．（2020·江苏·高考真题）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever
31．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
A．had expected B．have expected C．would expect D．expect
32．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A．won’t be B．wouldn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t have been
33．（2020·江苏·高考真题）It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why C．when D．where
34．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A．in exchange for B．in answer to C．in contact with D．in memory of
35．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped
36．（2020·天津·高考真题）—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad.
A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case
37．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since.
A．are remaining B．have remained
C．is remaining D．has remained
38．（2020·天津·高考真题）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
A．in the shape of B．beyond the reach of
C．at the mercy of D．on the side of
39．（2020·天津·高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A．that B．what C．when D．where
40．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A．have been practising B．was practising
C．would practise D．had practised
41．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping
42．（2020·天津·高考真题）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．which
43．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
44．（2020·天津·高考真题）__________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
A．If B．Since C．Although D．Until
45．（2020·天津·高考真题）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A．which B．when C．where D．who
46．（2020·天津·高考真题）Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am __________ and have to catch the 11:00 train.
A．on a limited budget B．in high spirits
C．on a tight schedule D．in deep doubt
47．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________.
A．has been fixed B．is being fixed
C．had been fixed D．would be fixed
48．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote
49．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't
50．（2020·天津·高考真题）My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever
51．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A．Having completed B．Being completed
C．Completed D．Completing
52．（2019·江苏·高考真题）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A．which B．what C．when D．that
53．（2019·江苏·高考真题）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ in love with the people and culture there.
A．would fall B．had fallen C．has fallen D．fell
54．（2019·江苏·高考真题）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
55．（2019·江苏·高考真题）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．will install B．will have been installed C．are installed D．have been installed
56．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
57．（2019·江苏·高考真题）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．To enjoy B．Enjoying C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy
58．（2019·江苏·高考真题）Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees’ professional development.
A．in effect B．in command C．in turn D．in shape
59．（2019·江苏·高考真题）Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
60．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance.
A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case
61．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally.
A．designed B．designing
C．to design D．being designed
62．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.
A．Learn B．Learned
C．Learning D．Having learned
63．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A．is given B．are given
C．was given D．were given
64．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
A．According to B．Instead of
C．In addition to D．In spite of
65．（2019·天津·高考真题）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.
A．ones B．those
C．these D．them
66．（2019·天津·高考真题）Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A．why B．where
C．which D．what
67．（2019·天津·高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
68．（2019·天津·高考真题）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support.
A．since B．once
C．unless D．after
69．（2019·天津·高考真题）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
70．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A．had hoped B．am hoping
C．have hoped D．would hope
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2019-2022年高考英语分类汇编——专题2语法
一、单项选择
1．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party.
A．cancels B．will cancel
C．has cancelled D．had cancelled
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。
2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.
A．distribute B．distributed
C．are distributed D．were distributed
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。故选D项。
3．（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A．how B．what C．why D．which
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。
4．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud.
A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though
【答案】B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。A. Ever since自从；B. Even if即使，尽管；C. In case以免；D. As though好像。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，两个句子之间为让步关系，even if意为“即使，尽管”符合语境。故选B项。
5．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。
6．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested.
A．for which B．with which
C．for whom D．with whom
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的，里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。分析句子成分可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游客提供、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后用whom。故选C项。
7．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A．allowing B．being allowed
C．having allowed D．having been allowed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。
8．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless
【答案】A
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管；B. Once一……就……；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。由语意可知，“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。
9．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.
A．prepare B．prepares
C．is preparing D．are preparing
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。
10．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.
A．delivered B．will be delivering
C．was delivering D．has been delivering
【答案】B
【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。
11．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.
A．has offered B．has been offered
C．had offered D．had been offered
【答案】D
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
12．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A．may have made
B．should have made
C．couldn't have made
D．needn't have made
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。
13．（2021·天津·高考真题）Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly.
A．because B．until C．before D．although
【答案】A
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。A. because因为；B. until直到；C. before在……之前；D. although虽然。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导，故选A。
14．（2021·天津·高考真题）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world.
A．when B．where C．what D．which
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故选A。
15．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills.
A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故选B。
16．（2021·天津·高考真题）Nowadays many people travel across China ________ high-speed trains.
A．on behalf of B．by means of
C．at cost of D．in terms of
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如今，许多人乘高铁在中国各地旅行。A. on behalf of代表，为了；B. by means of用，依靠，借助于；C. at cost of以……为代价；D. in terms of在……方面，依据，按照。分析语境，人们去旅行，用的交通工具是高铁（借助于高铁），仅有B符合语境，故选B。
17．（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A．when B．where C．what D．whether
【答案】C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。
18．（2021·天津·高考真题）We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.
A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态。句意：今天上午我们做的工作够多的了，现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知，做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在，应用现在完成时。故选A。
19．（2021·天津·高考真题）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。
20．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
21．（2021·天津·高考真题）We all need to get involved in saving energy ________ it's at work, at home, or at school.
A．unless B．once C．whether D．because
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非；B.once 一旦；C.whether无论；是否；D.because 因为。分析句子，该空需要一个连词引导让步状语从句，根据句意及后面的or ，需要表示“无论是…还是…”，whether符合题意。故选C项。
22．（2021·天津·高考真题）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为先行词，_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。
23．（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
【答案】B
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. what什么，所…的事儿；D. when什么时间，…的时间。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。
24．（2021·天津·高考真题）China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A．to extend B．extended C．extending D．being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。故选C。
25．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A．were displaying B．are displaying
C．were being displayed D．are being displayed
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。
26．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with B．combining with C．having combined with D．to be combined with
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
27．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone.
A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
28．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which C．when D．whom
【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
29．（2020·江苏·高考真题）They decide to have more workers for the project ____ it won’t be delayed.
A．even if B．as if C．now that D．so that
【答案】D
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. now that既然；D. so that为了。空后it won’t be delayed是前面采取措施的目的，应使用so that引导目的状语从句。故选D。
30．（2020·江苏·高考真题）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A．whichever B．whenever C．wherever D．whatever
【答案】D
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个；B. whenever无论何时；C. wherever无论何地；D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。
31．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.
A．had expected B．have expected C．would expect D．expect
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。
32．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A．won’t be B．wouldn’t have been C．wouldn’t be D．shouldn’t have been
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选C。
33．（2020·江苏·高考真题）It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why C．when D．where
【答案】A
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
34．（2020·江苏·高考真题）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.
A．in exchange for B．in answer to C．in contact with D．in memory of
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for作为交换；B. in answer to回答；C. in contact with接触，与……有联系；D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知，此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。
35．（2020·天津·高考真题）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped
【答案】A
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故选A。
36．（2020·天津·高考真题）—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad.
A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case
【答案】B
【详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意:--人们为什么喜欢流行音乐 我非常讨厌它。--即使这不是你的风格，也不意味着它不好。A. Only if只有在……的时候；B. Even though即使，尽管；C. Now that既然；D. In case以防，万一。前半句说:它不是你的风格；后半句说:这并不意味着流行音乐不好。很明显，前后两句之间是转折关系，空处引导让步状语从句。故选B。
37．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since.
A．are remaining B．have remained
C．is remaining D．has remained
【答案】D
【详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。
38．（2020·天津·高考真题）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
A．in the shape of B．beyond the reach of
C．at the mercy of D．on the side of
【答案】A
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状；B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配；D. on the side of拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
39．（2020·天津·高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A．that B．what C．when D．where
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
40．（2020·天津·高考真题）—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A．have been practising B．was practising
C．would practise D．had practised
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。
41．（2020·天津·高考真题）The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet ______ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
A．being clapped B．clap C．clapped D．clapping
【答案】D
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中，have表示“使……处于……状态”。______ for 10 minutes作伴随状语，其逻辑主语the audience和clap之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故选D。
42．（2020·天津·高考真题）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A．whose B．of whom C．of which D．which
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
43．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
A．is B．are C．was D．were
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。
44．（2020·天津·高考真题）__________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
A．If B．Since C．Although D．Until
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然他能给她同情，但是他几乎无法提供任何实际的帮助。前后文是转折关系，故用although引导的让步状语从句，if引导条件状语从句；since引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。故选C。
45．（2020·天津·高考真题）Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A．which B．when C．where D．who
【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the early 1990 s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。
46．（2020·天津·高考真题）Don’t be late for the 9:00 meeting because I am __________ and have to catch the 11:00 train.
A．on a limited budget B．in high spirits
C．on a tight schedule D．in deep doubt
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：9点的会议不要迟到，因为我的时间很紧，必须赶11点的火车。A. on a limited budget预算有限；B. in high spirits情绪高涨；C. on a tight schedule日程很紧；D. in deep doubt深度怀疑。根据句意和“have to catch the 11:00 train”可知是日程安排很紧，故选C。
47．（2020·天津·高考真题）—The machine is working again！
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________.
A．has been fixed B．is being fixed
C．had been fixed D．would be fixed
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：机器又运转了！是的，昨天机器出故障了，但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示截至目前已经完成的动作。故选A项。
48．（2020·天津·高考真题）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.
A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice，空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系，因此使用动词不定式形式。故选D项。
49．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。
【点睛】must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，指“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句：
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
should have done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”
shouldn't have done表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
本题是 shouldn't have done的用法。
50．（2020·天津·高考真题）My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
51．（2020·天津·高考真题）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
A．Having completed B．Being completed
C．Completed D．Completing
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼，它激发了全世界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired，此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式，不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。
52．（2019·江苏·高考真题）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A．which B．what C．when D．that
【答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
53．（2019·江苏·高考真题）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ in love with the people and culture there.
A．would fall B．had fallen C．has fallen D．fell
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后，所以应用一般过去时。故选D。
54．（2019·江苏·高考真题）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
55．（2019·江苏·高考真题）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.
A．will install B．will have been installed C．are installed D．have been installed
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时；“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
56．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
【答案】B
【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
57．（2019·江苏·高考真题）________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A．To enjoy B．Enjoying C．To have enjoyed D．Enjoy
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的，故选A。
58．（2019·江苏·高考真题）Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees’ professional development.
A．in effect B．in command C．in turn D．in shape
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：好的政策事实上都会鼓励员工专业水平的提升。A. in effect实际上，事实上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。故选A符合语境。
59．（2019·江苏·高考真题）Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
【答案】B
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，意思完整，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
60．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance.
A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case
【答案】D
【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D符合语境。
61．（2019·天津·高考真题）Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ________ to help them succeed academically and personally.
A．designed B．designing
C．to design D．being designed
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。
62．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.
A．Learn B．Learned
C．Learning D．Having learned
【答案】C
【详解】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语，此处用动名词作主语，故选C。
63．（2019·天津·高考真题）Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A．is given B．are given
C．was given D．were given
【答案】C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。
64．（2019·天津·高考真题）________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
A．According to B．Instead of
C．In addition to D．In spite of
【答案】D
【详解】考查介词词组。句意：尽管存在所有这些问题，几个运动员还是表现很好。A. according to据(……所说)；按(……所报道)；B. instead of代替，作为……的替换；C. in addition to另外，加之，除……之外；D. in spite of尽管，不管。前后形成让步关系，故选D。
65．（2019·天津·高考真题）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.
A．ones B．those
C．these D．them
【答案】B
【详解】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。
66．（2019·天津·高考真题）Their child is at the stage ________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A．why B．where
C．which D．what
【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
67．（2019·天津·高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A．should they B．they should
C．dare they D．they dare
【答案】A
【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。
68．（2019·天津·高考真题）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support.
A．since B．once
C．unless D．after
【答案】C
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。A. since既然；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. after在……之后。故选C符合语境。
69．（2019·天津·高考真题）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
70．（2019·天津·高考真题）I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
A．had hoped B．am hoping
C．have hoped D．would hope
【答案】A
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，所以发生在它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
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