北京聚智堂培训学校2014高中英语 Unit2 English around the world阅读理解讲义

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English around the world
教学目的 必修1 (unit 2) 阅读理解训练。学习高中阅读理解部分技巧与方法。3. 学会分析长难句。
教学内容
Do you know that there is more than one kind of English Do you know the diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erences between American English and British English Vocabulary difference:ChineseBrEAmE 酒吧 pub 糖果足球 sweetsfootball比赛 match 电梯 lift Spelling difference Br E Am E favourite favoritetyre tire colour __________ theatre _________check __________programme ________traveller ___________Pronunciation difference Br E Am EDance [da:ns] [d ns]Class [kla:s] [kl s] 1. 必修1 (unit 2) 阅读理解训练。2. 学习高中阅读理解部分技巧与方法。3.长难句的分析。 Do you know the histo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry of English Now there is a passage “ The Road To Modern English”. According to the title, can you guess what the passage is mainly about ● reading The Road to Modern EnglishAt the end of the 16t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native Englis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:British Betty: Would you like to see my flat American Amy: Yes. I'd like to come up to your apartment.So why has English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )changed over time Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity Only time will tell.Scan the text to find or make out a key sentence for each paragraph.Para 1. The _________ of the English language in the world.Para 2. Native speaker ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can __________ each other but they may not be able to ______________ ____________.Para 3-4.All ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )language change when __________ ____________ with one another.Para 5. Engl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ish is spoken as a _______ language or ________ language in _______ and ______.Make a timeline of the development of English, using the passage to help you. During the 5th century AD: English was based more on German. Between about AD 800 and 1150: By the 1600’s: By the 19th century: Choose the correct answer.English has/had the most speakers_________. A. now B. when the British ruled many parts of the world C. in the time of Shakespeare D. in the 12th centuryWhich of the following statements is true A. Language ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )always stay the same. B. Language change only after wars. C. Language no longer change. D. Language change when cultures change.From AD450 to 1150, English sounded more like______. A. French B. Chinese C. German D. RussianShakespeare’s English was spoken around ________. A. 1400’s B. 1500’s C. 450’s D. 1600’sWhich country has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world A. Australia B. China C. India D. Britain ●长难句分析1．Do you know that t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )here is more than one kind of English ？你知道世界上有不止一种英语吗？ more than one 作主语，谓语动词用__________ There are more ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )than 50 students in the classroom. more than+数词 ______I’m more than happy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to see you. 总结： more than+形容词 ______I’m more than y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our classmate, I am also your friend. more than+名词 ______ He is more cleve ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r than naughty. more …than… ______2．Native English spea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kers can understand each other even if/though they don’t speak the same kind of English. even if/even though_______________________________________________________________________________________________即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。3．So why has English changed _______________？那么为什么英语随着时间的推移发生变化了呢？ over①___________ e.g._______________________ ② ___________ e.g. ___________________4．It was based ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ________ on German ________ the English we speak ________________.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。5．So by the 1600’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Shakespeare was able to ________________________ vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。_____________________ 比以前任何时期, 与比较级连用。(分析6,7句子成分，并翻译)6. At first the Eng ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lish spoken in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.7. Then gradually be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tween about AD800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. 8．Today the number of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity Only time will tell. tell ①_______ I will tell you what he said. to tell you the truth_________②__________ It’s hard to tell the difference between A and B.9．Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。such…as 像......这样 There is no such person as him in the office. There is no such thing as a free lunch. the same… as _________________ I have the same pen as you.10．Many people beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eve the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.expect： _______________ It is expected that it will rain. House prices are expected to rise sharply. ______________ We were expecting him to arrive yesterday.However，on TV and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.People speak 作_________ 可加引导词__________11．So people from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost ____________________ people in the northwestern USA.因此，美国东南部山区的人同西北部的人所说的方言几乎相同。12．Although many Am ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ericans move a lot，they still ______________ each other’s dialects.尽管许多美国人经常搬迁，他们依然能够辨别并且听懂彼此的方言。recognize ____________I didn’t recognize his voice on the phone/him in the crowds.____________She had changed so much that I could hardly recognize her._____________Many countries recognized the new government.13. … to join in disc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ussions and show interest in other people’s ideas. show interest in____________ sth. interest sb._____________ sb. be ___________ in sth._______________ sth. be _________ ____________ Wonderful! You’re good! Come on, baby! 1. Sometimes ________ English is quite different from _______ English in many ways. A. speakin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g, writing B. spoken, written C. speaking, written D. spoken, writing2．—Do you think ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )him naughty enough —I’m afraid he’s ________than naughty.A．more clever B．clever C．much clever D．much more clever3． Only time will ________whether I have made the right choice or not.A．see B．know C．say D．tell4．The old pianist w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ouldn’t listen to our repeated request that he ________in public again.A．play B．played C．would play D．was going to play细节理解题解题策略▲信息题细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落或语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如：The Basics of Math — Made ClearBasic Math intro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )duces students to the basic concepts of mathematics，as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra（代数）and beyond.The lessons in Basi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )c Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents（指数），the order of operations，and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations，students discover why these operations work，how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of mathematics，and how these operations can be used practically....56．What does the course Basic Math mainly cover A．Algebra. B．College Mathematics. C．Arithmetic. D．Mathematics Education.▲事实细节排序题此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )具体的事实，然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，再找出最后一个发生的，即采用“首尾”定位法，采用排除法将范围缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。 In the 19th centur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence to hire a machine and an attendant. When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine.Then she cha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nged into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she didn’t want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.65. In 19th centu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ry people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is the right order for doing them a. Changing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )into bathing clothing b. Getting out of the bathing machinec. Paying 2 pence ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) d. Getting into the bathing machinee. Being taken down the beach f. Getting into the watere, d, a, b, f, c B. c, d, a, e, b, f C. c, d, e, a, b, f D. d, a, e, b, f, c▲数字计算题数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )容。此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题一般涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的计算。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确答案。如：The offer is of two kinds：￡20 per room，per night，valid（有效的）during stay period of 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012；￡35 per room，per night，valid during stay period of 01/06/2012—31/08/2012.46．How much should be paid for a two night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B A．￡70.　　　B．￡40. C．￡35. D．￡30.▲代词复指理解题这一般是在人物或事件关系比 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型, 所以理清人物及事件之间的逻辑关系是关键所在. 可采用 “ 逻辑关系梳理法” , 使人物和事件关系条理化, 简洁化. 也可采用 “逆向寻踪法” , 首先确定该指代是人,物还是事, 然后在其前面段落找到指代对象, 并还原验证.On a sunny day ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )last August, Tim heard some shouting. Looking out to the sea carefully, he saw a couple of kids in a rowboat were being pulled out to sea.
Two 12-year-old boys, Christian and Jack, rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they'd rowed beyond the calm waters, a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.36. What does "it" in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Paragraph 2 refer to
A. The beach. B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind. 1. Look at eraser on the floor. Whose is it A. a B. an C. the D. /2. —Who did you go to the movie —Nobody. I went alone. A. with B. about C. for D. from 3. — can I get the book if I order it today — In a week. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How many4. I am going to the supermarket to buy some this afternoon. A. paper and pen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cil B. apples and banana C. milk and eggs D. bowl and spoons 5. The worke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs in the Huashan Mountains have to rubbish to keep the mountains clean. A. turn up ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. pick up C . mix up D. give up6. —Sam, come down ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stairs, please. I need your help. —Sorry，mum. I on the phone.. A. am talking B. talked C. was talking D. have talked7. Ten years had pas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002. A. when B. while C. before D. since8. This place is no ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a one. A. big B. small C. bigger D. smaller9. A new club in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is started C. has started D. was started10. Tomorrow is Father’s Day. I don’t know . A. what can I d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o for my father B. what I will get for my father C. where I w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent with my father D. where will I go with my father Growing up is not alwa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys easy. When we face difficulties, a spirit of depending on _ 1 is more useful than crying for help. That’s what Hong Zhanhui’s story of growing from boy to man 2 family hardship tells us.Hong was born in 1982 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in a poor family in Xihua County(县), Henan Province. When he was only 11, his father became badly ill and one day he came back with an unwanted baby 3 . A year later, Hong’s mother 4 home. She no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husband. So everything hard fell onto the young boy’s 5 : to take care of his father and the younger sister Chenchen, and to go on to study.Although his life was hard, Hong didn’t go away from his father and sister. He took several part-time jobs to 6 his family. He climbed tall trees to get birds’ eggs for his sister. He walked 2 hours at weekends to the market to 7 different things to sell around his school. A few years later, he studied at a college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to 8 a room near his college for her, and sent her to school.After Hong’s story wen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t 9 , he became a hero in people’s eyes. But Hong __10___ offers from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.Through his hard life, he has grown up from boy to man.1. A. parents B. friends C. yourself D. God2. A. out of B. into C. without D. with3. A. dog B. cat C. girl D. boy4. A. left B. arrived C. went D. came5. A. back B. shoulders C. head D. body6. A. help B. save C. protect D. feed7. A. make B. buy C. produce D. collect8. A. build B. borrow C. rent D. share9. A. public B. clear C. by D. far10. A. accepted B. asked C. received D. refused Hi Hongbo, I’m so glad to read about the changes talking place in your city. It’s really good news that you can travel by subway in Xi’an, though there’s only one line there. Here in London we have twelve lines. By the way, we don’t use the word “subway” here. It’s American English. We call it “the Underground”, instead. The London ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Underground is very famous. It’s famous for several reasons. First of all, part of the underground railway today is the oldest in the world, which opened in 1863. Secondly, the London Underground is also the first line to have electric trains, in 1890. Thirdly but not the last, the London Underground is the second largest metro system in the world, after the Shanghai Metro. There are 270 stations in the Underground and it has 402 kilometres of tracks(轨道). What’s more, the city of London itself helps make the transportation system famous! I’ve got a few photos to help you build a clear picture of the Underground in my city. They are together with this mail. In your email, you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) also said workers were building more lines. I’m sure your city is developing fast. Maybe you can send me a few photos of your city today. I really want to see the change s taking place there. I’m happy for you to live there in an ancient city with such a new look! So much for now. I’ll write soon again. Best wishes!52. Where is the writer from？A. From Xi’an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). B. From Shanghai C. From London D. From New York53. The second paragraph mainly tells us A. when the first subway was opened in the world.B. when the London Underground first used electric trainsC. why the London Underground is the oldest subway in the world.D. why the London Underground is famous in the world54. In the em ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ai l, the words “subway”, “underground”, and “metro” mean . A. almost the same thing B. two different things C. three different things D. nothing like each other 55. What does the writer want Hongbo to do A. To buy a goo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d book about Xi’an for him. B. To post him some postcards of Xi’an. C. To tell him mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re about Xi’an subway. D. To send him a few photos of Xi’an. 双语故事 微不足道的善举A man was strolli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng along the beach when he suddenly noticed from afar what he thought were children dancing.有个人在沙滩上散步，在不经意间看到远处好像有孩子在跳舞。“What on earth are they doing dancing on the beach ”as he quickly paced towards them.“他们为什么要在沙滩上跳舞呢 ”他边想边快速地朝孩子们走去。 He was surpri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed that a boy and a girl were not dancing but picking up the starfishes which were washed ashore by the tide and throwing them back into the sea.他惊奇地发现，那个男孩和那个女孩并不是在跳舞，而是在捡被潮水冲上岸来的海星，然后把它们扔回大海。“Excuse me, wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y are you throwing the starfishes back into the sea ”he asked.“请问，你们为什么要把海星扔回大海呢 ”他问。The children ign ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ored the remark but they continued picking up the starfishes and kept throwing them back into the sea.孩子们没有理会他，继续捡海星向大海扔去。“Don't you think it is a waste of your time as there are hundreds of starfishes still lying around. Surely you can't keep this act all day long.”“你们不觉得这是在浪费时间吗 还有成千上万只海星躺在岸上呢!你们肯定不会一整天都这样扔下去吧。”At last the elder ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )boy replied,“Sir, you see the sun would soon rise and the tide will ebb away.后来，年龄大一点儿的男孩说：“先生，你知道吗，太阳很快就要升起来了，潮水也会退去。Though my sister a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd I can't throw all the starfishes back into the sea, we are sure it matters to the ones we succeed in throwing.虽然我和妹妹不能把所有的海星都扔回大海，但我相信，对于被我们扔回大海的海星来说，我们所做的是至关重要的。Would you like to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) join us, it would make a difference.”The man smiled and said,“It certainly would,”so he too pick up the starfishes and threw them into the sea.你想加入我们吗 这很有意义。”那人笑了笑说：“非常愿意。”于是，他也捡起海星，朝大海扔去。
上节内容回顾
我回顾，你补充……
1.__________________2.____________________
课堂导入
Great. I like football match very much.
After that, let’s go and see a soccer game. It is very exciting.
Can you write them down
本节课重难点点
新课讲解
the road to modern English
Can you do it
限时检测
Are you ready
课堂总结
今天我收获了什么？？？今天我的缺失在那里？？？复习巩固，继续加油。。。
作业布置
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