北京聚智堂培训学校2014高中英语 Unit3 Travel journey词汇讲义

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Triavl journey 词汇
教学目的 1. 学习必修 1 (unit 3) 词汇短语。2. 英语词汇转化法。3. 高考题型---- 短文改错
教学内容
Can we have our teacher back Can we have our teac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her back Once a superintendent of schools was visiting a three-room school. One room was very noisy, so the man grabbed a tall boy who had been standing up talking. He took the boy into another room and stood him in the corner. Five minutes later, a small boy came out of the first room and said, "When can we have our teacher back "1. 学习必修 1 (unit 3) 词汇短语。2. 英语词汇转化法。M1 U3 重点单词1. journal n. 日记；杂志；定期刊物 ___________________旅行2. transport n. 运送；运输 vt. 运输；运送3. prefer vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）4. disadvantage n. 不利条件；不便之处 ______________ 有利条件5. flow vi. 流动；流出 n. 流动；流量6. persuade vt. 说服；劝说7. cycle vi. 骑自行车8. graduate vi. 毕业 ________________从……毕业_______________n. n. 大学毕业生9. finally adv. 最后；终于10. schedule n. 时间表；进度表 vt. 为某事安排时间11. fond adj. 喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的12. shortcoming n. 缺点13. stubborn adj. 顽固的；固执的14. organize vt. 组织；成立 __________________n. 15. determine vt. 决定；确定；下定决心determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的 be determined to do _________16. altitude n. 海拔高度；高处17. attitude n. 态度；看法重点短语1．Prefer 2. ever since 从那以后 常与_____________时连用。3. be fond of 喜爱；喜欢4．dream _____/___ 梦想，梦见+_____ 5．change one’s ________ 改变主意5．persuade sb.________do sth./persuade sb.______ doing 说服某人做某事 __________________说服某人不做某事6．after graduating _____ college学毕业之后 After graduating from ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.7．care ________ 关心；忧虑；惦念 care for__________ 8．make ________ one’s mind 下定决心；决定 9．________ an altitude of... 在海拔……的高度 take an attitude to/towards10．give ________投降；让步 give up _______ 英语构词法----转化法　英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。　　1)动词转化为名词　　很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：　　①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。　　②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。　　③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。　　2)名词转化为动词　　很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如：　　①Did you book a seat on the plane 你订好飞机座位了吗 　　②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。　　③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。　　④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。　　3)形容词转化为动词　　有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如：　　We will try our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。　　4)副词转化为动词[　　有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如：　　Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。　　5)形容词转化为名词　　表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。例如：　　You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。　　The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。高考英语新题型---- 短文改错短文改错常见错误类型 动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副，代词格，细领会，介词短语需关注，习惯用法要记住，冠词连词常光顾1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有 ① 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and 前后动词时态不一致; ③ 主谓不一致; ④ 缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤ 第三人称单数形式错用; ⑥ 主动语态和被动语态错用。 1） They did not want m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.2） As we cli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 3） There will an important game next month.4）One evenin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g she told me that something happened when her parents was out. 2. 名词的常见错误 单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。 I‘ll get good marks in all my subject. ② Their word were a great encouragement to me. ③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. 3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等 （一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ） I have a good friend who‘s name is Liu Mei. I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up. ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard. ④ When I was a chil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained. 4. 冠词错误 误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方） ; 多余的冠词或则少冠词。 ① We may be one family and live under a same roof. ② As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. ③ My teacher advised me to keep my dairy. ④ I hope you have pleasant journey. 5. 形容词和副词错误 1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel） 2) 词性的误用 形容词修饰名词 修饰 实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词 ① I‘m sure we‘ll have a wonderfully time together. ② My pronunciation ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )was terribly. 6. 代词错误 1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us They/ them ） 2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves） 3）代词的单数和复数4）多余的代词和少代词 ① Soon I began to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. ③ If any one of us h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ad any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. ④ What’s more , yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. 7. 非谓语动词的常见错误 1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。 2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时）， 3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。 4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 ① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. ② But his parents t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink go to college is more important than playing sports.③ Children may ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. ④ I particularly en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )joyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. 8. 介词错误 1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用① There are too many people among my family. ②I was so tired that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 短文改错解题思路和检查原则 1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词； 2）谓语动词的时态、语态； 3）非谓语动词的用法； 4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确； 5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误； 7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误； 8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。 短文改错解题四原则 1）改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则 3）实词以改变词形为原则 4）以保持句子原意为原则 短文改错解题步骤 通读全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证 解题注意要点和能力培养 ① 核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方。可以参考所改动项是否基本符合―127‖等题型比例。多一词1个，缺词2个，错词7个。 ② 核对改正的语法项目是否有 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。原文中每行改动只能改一词，答案也只能是一词。 ③ 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大写和拼写等问题 ④从作文入手，提高自身语言运用素质 ⑤ 合作学习，帮批帮改，提高识错、纠错能力⑥ 精炼短文改错，抓好写、比、改三步 （2013 陕西高考） My grandfather and I enjoy fishing. One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish. Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.(2012·陕西高考）My father and I sta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area，but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices，and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. 1．Don’t let yourself be　　　　into buying things you don’t want.A．expressed　　　 B．organized C．persuaded D．preferred2．The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of　　　　.A．situation B．speed C．service D.schedule3．—Did you make some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) coffee for her —No，I didn’t. She　　　　tea to coffee. A．enjoyed B．liked C．preferred D．hated4．More and more young people are fond　　　　playing tennis nowadays. A．on B．to C．in D．of5．He thinks only of himself；he doesn’t　　　　other people.A．care about B．take care C．care of D．care for6．Have you　　　　whether ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to take part in the sports meeting to be held next week A．made up your min ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d B．made into your mind C．made into your minds D．made your minds7．When I was a little boy，I often dreamed　　　　a spaceman.A．to become B．becoming C．about become D．of becoming8．After　　　　the university，he was sent to work in a factory in his hometown.A．graduate from B．graduating C．graduating from D．graduate9．The work was diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )icult，but Tom’s　　　　expression showed that he would finish it in time.A．stubborn B．determined C．concerned D．surprised10．John moved to Laos five years ago and　　　　there ever since.A．was B．has been C．is staying D．was staying11．—Jack，your sister ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is so lovely.What does she want to do when she grows up —She dreams　__a doctor like my mother.A．becoming B．to become C．of becoming D．about to become12．—It’s time for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) us to change our attitude　　　　the boy. —Yes.He is no longer a lazy student. A．with B．for C．on D．to13．We　　　　each othe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r ever since we graduated from high school in the 1990s.A．didn’t see B．wouldn’t see C．haven’t seen D．hadn’t seen14．—Do you often co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok at home，Lucy —No.It is my husband　　　　does most of the housework.A．that B．whom C．what D．which15．Rather than ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　　　　computer games at home，I prefer　　　　some reading in the school library.A．playing；to do B．play；to do C．playing；doing D．play；doing一． 记忆所学词汇二．语音辨析1．prefer A. persuade B. concern C. partner D. recover2. schedule A. stubborn B. attitude C. suitcase D. gradual3. change A. sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hedule B. coach C. Christmas D. sandwich4. fond A. of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ficial B. recover C. overcoat D. clock5. flow A. owner B. allow C. power D. nowadays三．单词拼写1．The mother put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) her baby on a soft p　　　　　，and then the baby slept soundly.2．From the top you can get a wonderful v　　　　　 of the city.3．Do you like my new w　　　　　coat 4．They found the body buried b　　　　　 a pile of leaves.5．Can you tell us something about the history of the　　　　　(寺庙) 6．We are looking for someone who is　　　　　(可信赖的)and hardworking.四．完成句子1．　　　　 　　　　(像往常一样)，I slept late that Saturday morning.2．Rose likes singing，but her sister Mary 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(喜欢)drawing.3．After supper he went to sleep quickly but I　　　　 　　　　(清醒).4．　　　　 　　　　(半夜里)the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter.5．A new theater will be　　　　 　　　　(建造) where there used to be a temple.6．我迫不及待地想毕业，这样我就可以找份工作赚些钱了。I　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　，so I can get a job and earn some money.7．当他醒过来时，发现自己躺在医院的床上。When he woke up，he　　　　 　　　　 　　　　on the bed in hospital.8．早起是有益于我们的身体健康的。　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 is good for our health. A group of adults, hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ghly succeeded in their jobs, went to visit their old professor. Soon they began to __1__ the stress in work and life. The professor went ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the kitchen and returned __2__ a pot of coffee and all kinds of cups—crystal(水晶的), glass, plastic, some nice looking, some plain looking, some __3__, some cheap. And he told them to help _4__ to the coffee. When all the stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, “I’ve noticed that all the nice looking expensive cups were __5__, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. While it is __6__ for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the source of your __7__ and stress. You know that th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e cup itself adds no quality to the coffee. __8__ you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, __9__ you consciously went for the best cups. Now consider this: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Life is the coffee; the jobs, money and __10__ in society are the cups. They are just __11__ to hold and contain life, and the type of cup does not change the quality of our life. Sometimes, by __12__concentrating only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee that God has __13__ us. God gave us the coffee, not the cups. Please enjoy your coffee!The happiest peop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )le don’t have the best of everything. They just make the __14__ of everything.Live simply. Love ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )feverously. Care deeply. Speak __15__. And leave the rest to God.1. A. think of B. think for C. complain about D. drop out2. A. for B. at C. in D. with3. A. expensive B. ordinary C. strong D. serious4. A. them B. themselves C. him D. everyone5. A. mixed up B. left C. taken up D. refused 6. A. normal B. important C. impossible D. necessary7. A. thoughts B. failure C. questions D. problems8. A. Who B. How much C. What D. That9. A. and B. but C. so D. or10. A. position B. age C. health D. purpose11. A. cups B. tools C. bags D. bowls12. A. putting B. getting C. turning D. concentrating13. A. taught B. provided C. returned D. bought14. A. fun B. use C. the best D. the worst15. A. kindly B. sadly C. rudely D. seriouslyRock climbing(攀岩) d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )id not become a sport until late in the 1900s. But now it has become a popular outdoor activity. While rock climbing may still be necessary for mountain climbing, most people just climb low mountains for fun.If you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ever done rock climbing, you will know that it is not a very easy sport. Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice. What most people don’ t know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that depend on your body and mind(意志).To climb successfully, one must use wonderful skills. One of the important rules is to always have three parts of your body on the rock face. Another important rule is that your arms only hold you close to the rock face while your legs are pushing you up, the closer you are to the rock face, the easier it is to climb.Rock climbing is a wonderful sport. Once you start to learn how to climb, you'll find more fun. People who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing, because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. For anyone who wants to get into beautiful shape, rock climbing is a fun and good way. Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby.1. When did rock climbing become a sport A. In 1900. B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Early in the 1900s. C. In the middle of the 1900s. D. Late in the 1900s.2. The chess players may like rock climbing because . A. they'd li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke to get into beautiful shape B. it is more interesting than chess playing C. it is like che ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss playing in the way of thinking D. they really tike to do sports3. What can we learn from the passage A. Rock climbing ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is a kind of indoor and outdoor activity. B. Rock climbing is a very easy sport.C. When you climb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), your arms push you up. D. The closer you are to the rock face, the more difficult it is to climb. 现在能做些什么 5年后受益匪浅Life Advice: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )What can I start doing now that will help me a lot in about five years 咨询关于生活的建议：现在开始做一些什么事情，可以让我在5年之后觉得受益匪浅 I will apprecia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te any suggestion. You might want to know that I'm 23 years old and currently a physics student with large desire for progress, not only in my profession but also in all aspects of life.　　我衷心感谢所有的意见。你或许应该了解，我今年23岁，是一名物理系的学生。我渴望在自己的专业上，以及生活的各个方面，不断进步。This question original ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly appeared on Quora. From my personal experience my answer would be:　　这个问题最初在Quora上出现，对这个问题我的回答是：1. Eat healthy and take good care of yourself.　　饮食健康，照顾好自己。2. Use minimum amo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )unts of cosmetic products on your face and body, all of them (in larger or smaller amounts) are filled with harsh chemicals which travel from your skin straight to your blood stream causing many problems (which you can't always see or feel right away).　　尽量不在你的脸上或身 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )体上涂抹化妆品，所有的化妆品(量多或量少)都充满了有害的化学物质，从你的皮肤直入你的血液流，从而导致许多问题(你很难马上看见或者感觉到)。3. Exercise. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Be physically active by doing something you enjoy, that way you will be experiencing double benefit.　　锻炼。积极锻炼身体，做你喜欢做的事情，这样你就可以收获双重好处。4. Respect your fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mily and your friends. Don't let them down, and never do something that someone else would do, do what you feel it's right thing to do. Be more emphatic, you are not the only person in the world with the feelings.　　尊重你的家人和朋友，不要让他们失望 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。还有，不要因为别人会去做一件事就那么做，做你认为是对的事情。让自己更有同情心，世界上不止你一个人有那样的感受。5. Read quality stuf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f! Reading brings to mind wisdom, the exchange of ideas, and quiet contemplation. Reading makes you richer and smarter.　　阅读有质量的东西!阅读给思想注入智慧、让思想交流以及让你安静地沉思。阅读让你更充实、更聪颖。6. Start learning new skills. Learning new language is always an advantage. Also, you can do a little research on skills that will become essential in the future, but that are also appreciated in your profession. For example, you can learn using ICT effectively, including specialist software packages and some programming. You could also start researching about applications of your knowledge in other fields; it might give you some interesting idea.　　开始学习一种新技能。掌握一门外语总 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是一种优势。而且，你可以稍稍研究下未来可能会变得很重要、在你的专业范围内也会被赏识的技能。比如说，你可以学习有效地使用信息和通信技术，包括专业软件包和一些编程。你也可以开始研究你的知识在其他领域的应用，这可能会给你带来一些有趣的灵感。7. Study hard and you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will go far. Talent alone is not enough! It is known that people with less talent work harder, and lots of talented people think that their talent will do all the job. Well guess what, it won't, because not working on your talent and not perfecting it is not respecting it (by receiving a talent you also receive responsibility). Hard workers are the successful ones, and if they are also talented they are destined to do great things.　　努力学习，你会走得更远。单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有才华也是不够的。众所周知，比较没天赋的人工作得更努力，很多有才的人认为他们的才华可以胜任所有的工作。你猜怎么着 答案是不可以，因为不利用不完善就是不尊重自己的才华(有才华也意味着有责任)。努力工作的人是成功的人，如果他们刚好也是有才华的人，他们势必能做伟大的事情。8. Don't be too h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arsh on yourself or too self-critical, if you really feel you can't do something at this moment - take a break, make yourself comfortable, even spoil yourself a little.　　不要对自己太苛刻或者太过自我批判了，如果你真觉得自己现在没办法做成某事——休息一下，让你自己觉得舒服，甚至可以稍微放纵一下自己。9. Try to see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the world as much as your financial situation allows you. Try to save some money for traveling (one of the best ways to spend it).　　在经济状况允许的条件下，尽量多看看这个世界。努力为旅行省一些钱(这是最好的花钱方式之一)。10. There are a millio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n different points of view on only one single thought or idea. 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