北京聚智堂培训学校2014高中英语 Unit3 动词的时态与语态讲义
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| 名称 | 北京聚智堂培训学校2014高中英语 Unit3 动词的时态与语态讲义 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 233.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2014-10-07 08:03:29 | ||
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动词的时态与语态
教学目的 1、学习并掌握动词的时态的用法。 2、在句中如何选择正确的动词的时态。
教学内容
1．复 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )习初中所学的时态。2. 掌握现在进行时表将来时的用法。1. 一般现在时的用法1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…,sometimes, at…, 2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 I ________ home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。The earth ______ around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。2.一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的状态。例如：时间状语有：just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：Where _____ you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了？---- Your phone numbe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r again I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I ____ a child, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I often _____ football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。3）句型：It is ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me that sb. did sth. = It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。It is time for you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to go to bed. = It is time you _____ to bed.你早该睡觉了。4) would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人现在或将来做某事'。I'd rather you _______ tomorrow.还是明天来吧。5) used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。3. 一般将来时 1) will表现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态；事物的固有属性或必然趋势。 Tom will come back tomorrow. Fish will die without water.2） be going to +动词原形，表示______________;____________________。a. __________。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow 明天打算作什么呢？ b. ______。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. ________________。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3）be to do表将来①按计划或正式安排将发生的事表示②“注定要发生……”③表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情态意义。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 The experience was to change her life. 这次经历必会改变她的一生。 We are to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )finish the work before five this afternoon. 我们预定今天下午五点前完成任务。4.be about to do sth.， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意为马上做某事, 不与tomorrow, next week等表示具体的时间状语连用，但可与when从句连用。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 I was about to go out when the phone rang. 5）一般现在时表将来 ①______________________________________________例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 When does the bus start It starts in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。 ②在时间或条件句中。遵循_______________ When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。 6)用现在进行时表示将来 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如： I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？ 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are doing 现在正在发生的动作。 --- Have y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou moved into the new house --- Not yet, the rooms are being painted.现在进行时与always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 5.过去进行时 was/were doing 1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. A. read；was falling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell3) we _______________class when suddenly someone knocked at the door. A. were having B. had be doing….when…._________________________6. 将来进行时 will be doingBy this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach. 明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。Exercises:1. According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays.A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes2．Would you please k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep silent The weather report _________ and I want to listen.A. is broadcast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast3.— The food here is nice enough. — My friend ______ me a right place.A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing4. At present, one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the apartments ____in favor of the new airport that it will bring a lot jobs to the area.A. is B. are C. will be D. were5. The church t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored6. ---Do you want a lift home ---It’s very kind of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you, but I have a much late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _______.A. doesn’t go off B. won’t gone C. wasn’t going off D. didn’t go on7. I was out o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______.A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened8. Dr. Smith, toget ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to9. —Why don’t we choose that road to save time —The bridge to it __________.A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired10. —You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years.A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied11．－ What do you think of the movie － It’s fantastic. The only pity is that I ______ the beginning of it.A Missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss12. —I’ve got to go now. —Must you I ______ you could stay for dinner with us.A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking13.--- Hi, Terry, c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an I use your computer for a while this afternoon --- Sorry. .A. It' s repaired B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). It has been repaired C. It's being repaired D. It had been repaired14. -- Ann is in hospital. -- Oh, really I __ know. I __ go and visit her.A. didn’t; am going to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn't; will15. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had7. 现在完成时 1) 一个动作，开始于过去，持续到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )现在(也许还将持续下去)。用现在完成时的时间状语有 lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far 等。 He has been busy writing a book recently. 2）一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。说话人侧重产生的影响。常用的状语有already, just(刚刚)，yet 等I have already seen the film. (I know the film now.) 3) It is the first time that I ________ the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。This is the best film that I _________________.这是我看过的最好的电影。 4) _________________________________ I have learnt 3000 words by now. 典型例题 I __________ here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。 It_____________two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。 You don't need t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o describe her. I ___________ her several times.(meet) ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I __________ here only a few minutes.(be)8.过去完成时 1） 概念：表示过去的过去----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。过去的过去 过去 现在 She said （that）she_____________ to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。 When the police ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arrived, the thieves __________ away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 Tom was disa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppointed that most of the guests _________ when he arrived at the party. 汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。2）特殊句式1. It was the first time that I had heard him sing. 2. By + 过去的时间点，句子用_______________时。By the time h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e was twelve, Edison ___________ to make a living by himself. 开始自己谋生。 3. Hardly/ no sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.4. It was/had been ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.The students ___ busi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office. A. had written, left B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left过去完成时的被动结构_____________________9. 将来完成时 will have done 表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用时间状语为 by+将来时间点They ____________________ married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。 You ____________________ Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。将来完成时的被动结构_____________________10. 完成进行时 has/have been doing 表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。 He has been learning English for 6 years.(强调现在还在学) It has been raining for 3 days. (强调说话者抱怨的感彩)1. -Why does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Lake smell terrible -Because large quantities of water .A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted2. His sister left home in 1998, and since.A. had not been heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of3. The number of fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been4. This is the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst time that we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen5. Mary went to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ____out.A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling6. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ______it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen7. Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be8. The population of Jiangsu ______ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing9. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 10. –Guess what, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. --How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced11. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film ----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read12. ----We’ve spent too much money recently. ----well, it isn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming13. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 14. I was ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 15. I walked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold 1. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite.A. was just bein ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be2. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. A. had been lyi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain3. Experiment ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of this kind ___ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have cond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ucted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted4. Tom __________ in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working5. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________ A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving6. - That must have been a long trip. - Yeah, it ____ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking7. After getting l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued8. Did you p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )redict that many students ______ up for the dance competition A. would sign B. signed C. have signed D. had signed9.When I got on the bus, I ____ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize10. She was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!A. had been eating ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating11.We arrived at wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night.A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking12. —I hear you ______ in a pub. What’s it like —Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind. A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working13. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting 14. －Tommy is planning to buy a car. －I know. By next month, he ______enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved15. —I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ___on my desk —I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed To celebrate the end ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant. We 16 hamburgers and Coca Colar at the counter. When our _17 came, I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap(带子) got 18 on a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped 19 my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents, 20 on a man who was just about to 21 a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly 22 , as the drinks soaked(浸湿) his white shirt. Then I 23 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of 24 . Instead, he said “It’s OK” to 25 me before he disappeared into washroom. Still shaky and unsure 26 to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look 27 . A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and 28 our table. My heart almost stopped 29 . I thought he was going to ask for my father’s 30 and call him.To my surprise, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “ 31 yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked 32 without even finishing his food. He could h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, 33 he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still 34 in this world. I’ll never 35 his actions.16. A. ordered B. made C. arranged D. demanded17. A. food B. turn C. bill D. menu18. A. fixed B. caught C. cut D. tied19. A. by B. in C. from D. out20. A. knocked B. fell C. stood D. hung21. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew22. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed23. A. rolled B. rubbed C. narrowed D. closed24. A. bitterness B. anxiety C. anger D. sorrow25. A. satisfy B. comfort C. encourage D. praise26. A. how B. who C. what D. which27. A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest28. A. pushed B. approached C. drew D. laid29. A. beating B. breaking C. sinking D. trembling30. A. help B. position C. number D. job31. A. Prepare B. Buy C. Find D. Cook32. A. on B. around C. up D. away33. A. so B. since C. although D. but 34. A. kindness B. happiness C. politeness D. brightness35. A. forget B. refuse C. oppose D. ignore If you want to bec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome a fluent English speaker you should take some advice：There are four skills in learning English. They are reading，listening，speaking，and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can, but your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence，the meaning of the unfamiliar words，etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come_across，but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )there are two choices：besides reading，you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading，then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind，you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.If you follow t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hese pieces of advice，your speaking and writing will improve automatically，and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.1．According to the aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hor，which should you improve first among the four skills A． Reading an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d listening. B．Reading and writing. C．Writing and speaking. D．Speaking and listening.2．To improve your reading，when you read you should________.A．look up all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the new words in the dictionary B．think about what you are reading activelyC．spend more time studying grammars D．copy as many words and sentences as possible3．The underlined p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hrase“come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced be “________”.A．meet by accident B．discover C．find on purpose D．look for4．The passage is mainly about how to________.A．choose suitable li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stening materials B．deal with new words in readingC．improve your En ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )glish as quickly as possible D．become fluent in speaking and writing English 装满吻的盒子 a Box Full of Kisses The story go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es that some time ago, a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was tight and he became infuriated when the child tried to decorate a box to put under the Christmas tree. Nevertheless, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, “This is for you, Daddy.” 有这样一个故事，爸爸因为三岁的女儿浪费了一卷金色的包装纸而惩罚了她。家里很缺钱，当孩子想要用包装纸装饰一个挂在圣诞树上的盒子时，爸爸生气了。然而，第二天早上小女孩把盒子作为礼物送给了爸爸，“这是给你的，爸爸。” The man was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )embarrassed by his earlier overreaction, but his anger flared again when he found out the box was empty. He yelled at her, stating, “Don’t you know, when you give someone a present, there is supposed to be something inside The little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and cried, “Oh, Daddy, it’s not empty at all. I blew kisses into the box. They’re all for you, Daddy.” 女儿的这个行为让爸爸感到尴尬 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。但是当他发现盒子是空的时候，他的怒火再一次燃烧了。他对女儿喊道，“难道你不知道给别人礼物的时候，里面应该放有东西吗 ”多女孩抬头看着父亲，眼里含着泪水，“爸爸，盒子不是空的。我把吻放在了盒子里，都是给你的，爸爸。” The father was c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rushed. He put his arms around his little girl, and he begged for her forgiveness. Only a short time later, an accident took the life of the child. It is also told that her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years and, whenever he was discouraged, he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of the child who had put it there. 爸爸感动极了，他搂住女儿，恳请她 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的原谅。之后不久，一场事故夺走了小女孩的生命。据说，父亲便将那个小金盒子放在床头，一直陪伴着他的余生。无论何时他感到气馁或者遇到难办的事情，他就会打开礼盒，取出一个假想的吻，记起漂亮女儿给予了自己特殊的爱。 In a very real sense, each one of us, as humans beings, have been given a gold container filled with unconditional love and kisses… from our children, family members, friends, and God. There is simply no other possession, anyone could hold, more precious than this. 从一个非常真实的意义上说，我们每个人都被赠与过一个无形的金色礼盒，那里面装满了来自子女，家人，朋友及上帝无条件的爱与吻。人们所能拥有的最珍贵的礼物莫过于此了。
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动词的时态与语态
教学目的 1、学习并掌握动词的时态的用法。 2、在句中如何选择正确的动词的时态。
教学内容
1．复 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )习初中所学的时态。2. 掌握现在进行时表将来时的用法。1. 一般现在时的用法1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…,sometimes, at…, 2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 I ________ home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。The earth ______ around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。2.一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的状态。例如：时间状语有：just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：Where _____ you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了？---- Your phone numbe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r again I ___ quite catch it. ---- It's 69568442. A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I ____ a child, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I often _____ football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。3）句型：It is ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me that sb. did sth. = It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。It is time for you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to go to bed. = It is time you _____ to bed.你早该睡觉了。4) would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人现在或将来做某事'。I'd rather you _______ tomorrow.还是明天来吧。5) used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。3. 一般将来时 1) will表现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态；事物的固有属性或必然趋势。 Tom will come back tomorrow. Fish will die without water.2） be going to +动词原形，表示______________;____________________。a. __________。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow 明天打算作什么呢？ b. ______。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. ________________。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3）be to do表将来①按计划或正式安排将发生的事表示②“注定要发生……”③表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情态意义。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 The experience was to change her life. 这次经历必会改变她的一生。 We are to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )finish the work before five this afternoon. 我们预定今天下午五点前完成任务。4.be about to do sth.， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )意为马上做某事, 不与tomorrow, next week等表示具体的时间状语连用，但可与when从句连用。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 I was about to go out when the phone rang. 5）一般现在时表将来 ①______________________________________________例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 When does the bus start It starts in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。 ②在时间或条件句中。遵循_______________ When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。 6)用现在进行时表示将来 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如： I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？ 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are doing 现在正在发生的动作。 --- Have y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou moved into the new house --- Not yet, the rooms are being painted.现在进行时与always ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. 5.过去进行时 was/were doing 1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. A. read；was falling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell3) we _______________class when suddenly someone knocked at the door. A. were having B. had be doing….when…._________________________6. 将来进行时 will be doingBy this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach. 明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。Exercises:1. According to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays.A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes2．Would you please k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep silent The weather report _________ and I want to listen.A. is broadcast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. is being broadcast C. has been broadcast D. had been broadcast3.— The food here is nice enough. — My friend ______ me a right place.A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing4. At present, one ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of the apartments ____in favor of the new airport that it will bring a lot jobs to the area.A. is B. are C. will be D. were5. The church t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored6. ---Do you want a lift home ---It’s very kind of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you, but I have a much late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock _______.A. doesn’t go off B. won’t gone C. wasn’t going off D. didn’t go on7. I was out o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it _______.A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened8. Dr. Smith, toget ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to9. —Why don’t we choose that road to save time —The bridge to it __________.A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired10. —You speak very good French! —Thanks. I __________ French in Sichuan University for four years.A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied11．－ What do you think of the movie － It’s fantastic. The only pity is that I ______ the beginning of it.A Missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss12. —I’ve got to go now. —Must you I ______ you could stay for dinner with us.A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking13.--- Hi, Terry, c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an I use your computer for a while this afternoon --- Sorry. .A. It' s repaired B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). It has been repaired C. It's being repaired D. It had been repaired14. -- Ann is in hospital. -- Oh, really I __ know. I __ go and visit her.A. didn’t; am going to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn't; will15. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had7. 现在完成时 1) 一个动作，开始于过去，持续到 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )现在(也许还将持续下去)。用现在完成时的时间状语有 lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far 等。 He has been busy writing a book recently. 2）一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响。说话人侧重产生的影响。常用的状语有already, just(刚刚)，yet 等I have already seen the film. (I know the film now.) 3) It is the first time that I ________ the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。This is the best film that I _________________.这是我看过的最好的电影。 4) _________________________________ I have learnt 3000 words by now. 典型例题 I __________ here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。 It_____________two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。 You don't need t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o describe her. I ___________ her several times.(meet) ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I __________ here only a few minutes.(be)8.过去完成时 1） 概念：表示过去的过去----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。过去的过去 过去 现在 She said （that）she_____________ to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。 When the police ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )arrived, the thieves __________ away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 Tom was disa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ppointed that most of the guests _________ when he arrived at the party. 汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。2）特殊句式1. It was the first time that I had heard him sing. 2. By + 过去的时间点，句子用_______________时。By the time h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e was twelve, Edison ___________ to make a living by himself. 开始自己谋生。 3. Hardly/ no sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.4. It was/had been ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.The students ___ busi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office. A. had written, left B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left过去完成时的被动结构_____________________9. 将来完成时 will have done 表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用时间状语为 by+将来时间点They ____________________ married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。 You ____________________ Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。将来完成时的被动结构_____________________10. 完成进行时 has/have been doing 表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。 He has been learning English for 6 years.(强调现在还在学) It has been raining for 3 days. (强调说话者抱怨的感彩)1. -Why does the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Lake smell terrible -Because large quantities of water .A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted2. His sister left home in 1998, and since.A. had not been heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of3. The number of fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been4. This is the fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst time that we a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen5. Mary went to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ____out.A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling6. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ______it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen7. Progress so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.A. was B. had been C. has been D. will be8. The population of Jiangsu ______ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing9. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 10. –Guess what, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer. --How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ncing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced11. ----Were you surprised by the ending of the film ----No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read12. ----We’ve spent too much money recently. ----well, it isn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming13. This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 14. I was ju ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 15. I walked ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold 1. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite.A. was just bein ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be2. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there. A. had been lyi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain3. Experiment ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s of this kind ___ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have cond ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ucted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted4. Tom __________ in t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working5. - Bob has gone to California. - Oh, can you tell me when he _________ A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leaving6. - That must have been a long trip. - Yeah, it ____ us a whole week to get there. A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking7. After getting l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____ four days later. A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescued D. had been rescued8. Did you p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )redict that many students ______ up for the dance competition A. would sign B. signed C. have signed D. had signed9.When I got on the bus, I ____ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize10. She was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _____ everything!A. had been eating ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating11.We arrived at wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rk in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night.A. broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking12. —I hear you ______ in a pub. What’s it like —Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind. A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working13. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting 14. －Tommy is planning to buy a car. －I know. By next month, he ______enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved15. —I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ___on my desk —I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed To celebrate the end ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant. We 16 hamburgers and Coca Colar at the counter. When our _17 came, I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap(带子) got 18 on a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped 19 my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents, 20 on a man who was just about to 21 a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly 22 , as the drinks soaked(浸湿) his white shirt. Then I 23 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of 24 . Instead, he said “It’s OK” to 25 me before he disappeared into washroom. Still shaky and unsure 26 to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look 27 . A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and 28 our table. My heart almost stopped 29 . I thought he was going to ask for my father’s 30 and call him.To my surprise, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “ 31 yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked 32 without even finishing his food. He could h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, 33 he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still 34 in this world. I’ll never 35 his actions.16. A. ordered B. made C. arranged D. demanded17. A. food B. turn C. bill D. menu18. A. fixed B. caught C. cut D. tied19. A. by B. in C. from D. out20. A. knocked B. fell C. stood D. hung21. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew22. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed23. A. rolled B. rubbed C. narrowed D. closed24. A. bitterness B. anxiety C. anger D. sorrow25. A. satisfy B. comfort C. encourage D. praise26. A. how B. who C. what D. which27. A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest28. A. pushed B. approached C. drew D. laid29. A. beating B. breaking C. sinking D. trembling30. A. help B. position C. number D. job31. A. Prepare B. Buy C. Find D. Cook32. A. on B. around C. up D. away33. A. so B. since C. although D. but 34. A. kindness B. happiness C. politeness D. brightness35. A. forget B. refuse C. oppose D. ignore If you want to bec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome a fluent English speaker you should take some advice：There are four skills in learning English. They are reading，listening，speaking，and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can, but your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence，the meaning of the unfamiliar words，etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come_across，but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )there are two choices：besides reading，you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading，then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind，you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.If you follow t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hese pieces of advice，your speaking and writing will improve automatically，and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.1．According to the aut ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hor，which should you improve first among the four skills A． Reading an ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d listening. B．Reading and writing. C．Writing and speaking. D．Speaking and listening.2．To improve your reading，when you read you should________.A．look up all ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the new words in the dictionary B．think about what you are reading activelyC．spend more time studying grammars D．copy as many words and sentences as possible3．The underlined p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hrase“come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced be “________”.A．meet by accident B．discover C．find on purpose D．look for4．The passage is mainly about how to________.A．choose suitable li ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )stening materials B．deal with new words in readingC．improve your En ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )glish as quickly as possible D．become fluent in speaking and writing English 装满吻的盒子 a Box Full of Kisses The story go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es that some time ago, a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was tight and he became infuriated when the child tried to decorate a box to put under the Christmas tree. Nevertheless, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, “This is for you, Daddy.” 有这样一个故事，爸爸因为三岁的女儿浪费了一卷金色的包装纸而惩罚了她。家里很缺钱，当孩子想要用包装纸装饰一个挂在圣诞树上的盒子时，爸爸生气了。然而，第二天早上小女孩把盒子作为礼物送给了爸爸，“这是给你的，爸爸。” The man was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )embarrassed by his earlier overreaction, but his anger flared again when he found out the box was empty. He yelled at her, stating, “Don’t you know, when you give someone a present, there is supposed to be something inside The little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and cried, “Oh, Daddy, it’s not empty at all. I blew kisses into the box. They’re all for you, Daddy.” 女儿的这个行为让爸爸感到尴尬 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。但是当他发现盒子是空的时候，他的怒火再一次燃烧了。他对女儿喊道，“难道你不知道给别人礼物的时候，里面应该放有东西吗 ”多女孩抬头看着父亲，眼里含着泪水，“爸爸，盒子不是空的。我把吻放在了盒子里，都是给你的，爸爸。” The father was c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rushed. He put his arms around his little girl, and he begged for her forgiveness. Only a short time later, an accident took the life of the child. It is also told that her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years and, whenever he was discouraged, he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of the child who had put it there. 爸爸感动极了，他搂住女儿，恳请她 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的原谅。之后不久，一场事故夺走了小女孩的生命。据说，父亲便将那个小金盒子放在床头，一直陪伴着他的余生。无论何时他感到气馁或者遇到难办的事情，他就会打开礼盒，取出一个假想的吻，记起漂亮女儿给予了自己特殊的爱。 In a very real sense, each one of us, as humans beings, have been given a gold container filled with unconditional love and kisses… from our children, family members, friends, and God. There is simply no other possession, anyone could hold, more precious than this. 从一个非常真实的意义上说，我们每个人都被赠与过一个无形的金色礼盒，那里面装满了来自子女，家人，朋友及上帝无条件的爱与吻。人们所能拥有的最珍贵的礼物莫过于此了。
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