2024届高考英语二轮专题复习句子种类课件(共27张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮专题复习句子种类课件(共27张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 182.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-06-21 18:42:52 | ||
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文档简介
(共27张PPT)
句子概念
简单句
只有一套主谓宾
Eg：
I have classes on weekend.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
并列句
由and、but 或者or连接两个简单句构成的句子
I have classes on weekend.
I have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend and I have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend but I don’t have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend or I have classes on weekday.
复合句
除了简单句和并列句都是复合句
Eg:
I have classes on weekend when others are resting.
I am told that I have classes on weekend.
I who is a handsome boy have classes on weekend.
Have a try!!!
判断句子类型：
Youth is not a time of life.
Youth is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees.
Youth often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.
You have always been here when I needed you.
I thought about just maybe seeing you once in a while, but I don't think that would work.
I feel this would be a good time to break up.
In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve tremendous success.
状语从句 状语由句子担当
宾语从句— 宾语由句子担当
I understand.
You are in a dilemma(进退两难的境地).
I understand that you are in a dilemma.
注意点：
连接词（that/if/whether）
语序(陈述句语序)
时态（前主句后从句，前现在后随便
，前过去后过去）
定语从句——句子充当定语
He is a handsome boy.
He has classes on weekend.
He who has classes on weekend is a handsome boy.
先行词
连接词
从句
Leading e.g
将下面的两个句子合成一个句子：
We learned 8 words last week.
The 8 words are so easy.
Answer：
We learned 8 words which are so easy last week.
The 8 words we learned last week are so easy.
定语从句
构成
先行词——两个句子中重合的名词或代词
连接词
连接代词——that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever)
连接副词——where/when/why/how(ever)
从句——插入的句子，在汉语中翻译成“…的”
定语从句概念
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Chongqing is the place where I was born.
先行词
先行词
连接代词
连接副词
判断下列句子成分
连接代词与连接副词的联系与区别
联系：介词+which/whom=连接副词
区别：连接代词引导的定语从句不完整（连接词在从句中充当 成分）
连接副词引导的定语从句是完整的句子 （连接副词在从 句中不充当成分）
I like the girl who is the most beautiful in our class.
I like the girl in my childhood when I had no idea about love.
考点聚焦
连接词选择
——that与which差异
——who，whom与whose差异
——关系副词where、when与why差异
2.先行词选择
3、介词涉入问题
4、对as引导定语从句的考查
连接词选择做题步骤
找先行词和从句
将句子拆成两个简单句
判断先行词在从句中的成分
主语，宾语选连接代词，状语选连接副词
先行词做主语宾语时候：人用who.宾语考虑加m、物用which、That人物都可用、翻成“谁的”用whose
先行词做状语时候：表示时间when，表示地点where表示方式how表示原因why
选完后复查一次
例：
Mr. Black is going to Beijing in October _______is the best season there.
White is the student _____was late for school today.
He lives in the room ____ window faces to the south.
I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
This is the school ______I used to study.
This is the way ________ he did it.
And there is one point ______I’d like your advice .
That vs which
通常只能用that的情况
当先行词是不定代词all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时
先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时
先行词被all，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only，the very，the last，the next等修饰时
如果先行词既指人又指物
there be 句型
通常只用which的情况
引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。
引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用that。
如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。
who，whom与whose 的PK
在定语从句中指人作主语用who，作人做宾语用whom，who。
whose “谁的”， 在定语从句中是做定语，可以代人或代物（常考）
where、when与why的PK
相当于“介词+which”，其中
where=in／at +which；
when=at／in／during +which；
why=for +which。
关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。
关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。
关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
“介词”提前问题
当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”，且两个关系代词均不能省略。
某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
小试牛刀
Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week
Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition
This is the very novel about ____ we’ve talked so much.
This is the very novel ____we’ve talked about so much.
This is Mr. John for ____ son I brought a book yesterday.
This is Mr. John for _____ I bought a book yesterday.
This is the hour _____ the place is always full of women and children.
as引导定语从句的考查
先行词与such，the same连用时，常用关系代词as
在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以置于句中，但as还可以放在句首（常考点）。
表示“正如……”时，只能用关系代词as。
如：as is known to all，as we all know , as (it) often happens，as has been said before．as was expected，as is said above．as is mentioned above，as is reported等。
I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
as在定语从句中的用法
As 引导定语从句时只用于固定句型中：
在限制性定语从句中：用于such…as …
so…as
比较such/so…as …与such/so…that…的区别
前者是连接代词引导定语从句，从句不完整
后者为引导目的状语从句，从句完整。
在非限制性定语从句中：用于as （+sb）+expected/hoped/intended等词，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首，句尾，句末，which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾,句末。
自己举实例
先行词与关系代词合二为一
常见的组合有：
Whoever=anyone who 无论谁
Whatever=anything 无论什么事情
Who=the person that
练
Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him
This is the house which we bought last month.（限制性定语从句）
This house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性定语从句）
限制性不可缺少，而非限制性可以去掉，不影响主句的意思;
非限制性用“，” 与主句隔开，表示与主句关系不密切
特殊的非限制性定语从句，将整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called
evaporation.（蒸发）
定语从句的类型可以放在一开始的时候讲
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _____ is famous for the West Lake
Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake
I live in Beijing , ____ is the capital of China.
句子概念
简单句
只有一套主谓宾
Eg：
I have classes on weekend.
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
并列句
由and、but 或者or连接两个简单句构成的句子
I have classes on weekend.
I have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend and I have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend but I don’t have classes on weekday.
I have classes on weekend or I have classes on weekday.
复合句
除了简单句和并列句都是复合句
Eg:
I have classes on weekend when others are resting.
I am told that I have classes on weekend.
I who is a handsome boy have classes on weekend.
Have a try!!!
判断句子类型：
Youth is not a time of life.
Youth is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees.
Youth often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.
You have always been here when I needed you.
I thought about just maybe seeing you once in a while, but I don't think that would work.
I feel this would be a good time to break up.
In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achieve tremendous success.
状语从句 状语由句子担当
宾语从句— 宾语由句子担当
I understand.
You are in a dilemma(进退两难的境地).
I understand that you are in a dilemma.
注意点：
连接词（that/if/whether）
语序(陈述句语序)
时态（前主句后从句，前现在后随便
，前过去后过去）
定语从句——句子充当定语
He is a handsome boy.
He has classes on weekend.
He who has classes on weekend is a handsome boy.
先行词
连接词
从句
Leading e.g
将下面的两个句子合成一个句子：
We learned 8 words last week.
The 8 words are so easy.
Answer：
We learned 8 words which are so easy last week.
The 8 words we learned last week are so easy.
定语从句
构成
先行词——两个句子中重合的名词或代词
连接词
连接代词——that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever)
连接副词——where/when/why/how(ever)
从句——插入的句子，在汉语中翻译成“…的”
定语从句概念
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Chongqing is the place where I was born.
先行词
先行词
连接代词
连接副词
判断下列句子成分
连接代词与连接副词的联系与区别
联系：介词+which/whom=连接副词
区别：连接代词引导的定语从句不完整（连接词在从句中充当 成分）
连接副词引导的定语从句是完整的句子 （连接副词在从 句中不充当成分）
I like the girl who is the most beautiful in our class.
I like the girl in my childhood when I had no idea about love.
考点聚焦
连接词选择
——that与which差异
——who，whom与whose差异
——关系副词where、when与why差异
2.先行词选择
3、介词涉入问题
4、对as引导定语从句的考查
连接词选择做题步骤
找先行词和从句
将句子拆成两个简单句
判断先行词在从句中的成分
主语，宾语选连接代词，状语选连接副词
先行词做主语宾语时候：人用who.宾语考虑加m、物用which、That人物都可用、翻成“谁的”用whose
先行词做状语时候：表示时间when，表示地点where表示方式how表示原因why
选完后复查一次
例：
Mr. Black is going to Beijing in October _______is the best season there.
White is the student _____was late for school today.
He lives in the room ____ window faces to the south.
I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
This is the school ______I used to study.
This is the way ________ he did it.
And there is one point ______I’d like your advice .
That vs which
通常只能用that的情况
当先行词是不定代词all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时
先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时
先行词被all，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only，the very，the last，the next等修饰时
如果先行词既指人又指物
there be 句型
通常只用which的情况
引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。
引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用that。
如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。
who，whom与whose 的PK
在定语从句中指人作主语用who，作人做宾语用whom，who。
whose “谁的”， 在定语从句中是做定语，可以代人或代物（常考）
where、when与why的PK
相当于“介词+which”，其中
where=in／at +which；
when=at／in／during +which；
why=for +which。
关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。
关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。
关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。
“介词”提前问题
当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。
先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom”，且两个关系代词均不能省略。
某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
小试牛刀
Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week
Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition
This is the very novel about ____ we’ve talked so much.
This is the very novel ____we’ve talked about so much.
This is Mr. John for ____ son I brought a book yesterday.
This is Mr. John for _____ I bought a book yesterday.
This is the hour _____ the place is always full of women and children.
as引导定语从句的考查
先行词与such，the same连用时，常用关系代词as
在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以置于句中，但as还可以放在句首（常考点）。
表示“正如……”时，只能用关系代词as。
如：as is known to all，as we all know , as (it) often happens，as has been said before．as was expected，as is said above．as is mentioned above，as is reported等。
I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
as在定语从句中的用法
As 引导定语从句时只用于固定句型中：
在限制性定语从句中：用于such…as …
so…as
比较such/so…as …与such/so…that…的区别
前者是连接代词引导定语从句，从句不完整
后者为引导目的状语从句，从句完整。
在非限制性定语从句中：用于as （+sb）+expected/hoped/intended等词，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首，句尾，句末，which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾,句末。
自己举实例
先行词与关系代词合二为一
常见的组合有：
Whoever=anyone who 无论谁
Whatever=anything 无论什么事情
Who=the person that
练
Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him
This is the house which we bought last month.（限制性定语从句）
This house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（非限制性定语从句）
限制性不可缺少，而非限制性可以去掉，不影响主句的意思;
非限制性用“，” 与主句隔开，表示与主句关系不密切
特殊的非限制性定语从句，将整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called
evaporation.（蒸发）
定语从句的类型可以放在一开始的时候讲
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _____ is famous for the West Lake
Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake
I live in Beijing , ____ is the capital of China.