人教版（2019）选修二unit2 Bridging Cultures 语法名词性从句课件(共22张PPT)

(共22张PPT)
名词性从句
一.相关概念
1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语、宾
语、表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语、状语。
3.名词性从句：
在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主
语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充
当，这个句子就叫名词性从句。
4.名词性从句的种类：
根据名词性从句在句子中所充当的不同成分，
名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表
语从句和同位语从句。
二.主语从句
1.主语从句的连接词
1).连接词: that, whether
(1).That he will win is certain.
(2).It has been reported that sales of beef in
China will increase.
(3).Whether we shall raise ducks or geese
remains to be decided.
(4).Whether he’ll join us in the discussion
is of great importance.
2).连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which,
whoever,whatever, whichever
(1).It is clear who is afraid of having a change
in land ownership.
(2).Whose bag it is can not be told.
(3).What India needs is a law to make land
ownership fairer.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop（经济作物） will be produced next year.
(5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever go there must get ready by 6 o’clock.
3).连接副词: when, where, why, how, how many,
how much, how long, how soon, how often
例:(1).When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.
(2).Where we can find him is still unknown.
(3).Why he came here is not known.
(4).How we can protect the grain from damp
needs to be discussed.
(5).How many people died from starvation that
year will never be known.
(6).How often he’ll go to see his grandmother
depends on the time he can spare.
2.注意点
1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓
语在后.
例: 正: When he will come is not known.
误: When will he come is not known.
2).连接词that在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略.
例: 正: That he will not come to the meeting
this evening is true.
误: He will not come to the meeting this
evening is true.
4).为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.
It is well known/reported/thought/said/…that…
It is clear/necessary/certain/doubtful/…that…
It is a pity/a shame/an honour/… that…
It doesn’t matter whether…/It seems that…
It happens that…
it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.
为了使句子平衡，常用it 作形式主语
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
It is a pity that you missed the film.
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
It is great that we have a party for his birthday.
主语从句不可位于句首的情况：
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于句首。
Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
三.宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词:
that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how, how many, how much, how long
2.注意点
1).引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数
情况下可以省略.
2).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句
但: (1).当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if.
例: I don’t know whether I will stay or not.
(2).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
例: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
四.表语从句
1.表语从句的引导词:
基本上与主语从句的引导词相同.连词除了that, whether(不用if)外,还可以用because.在连系动词seem,look之后还可用as though (as if ).
例: (1).That is how we learn English.
(2).The question was when we can get what we want.
(3).That is what he told us.
(4).It seems as if it is going to rain.
特别注意：
The reason… is that…
或 This / it /that/ is because…等句型.
例如: 今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.
正: The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road.
或:He was late this morning. That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.
或There was a lot of traffic on the road. That was why he was late this morning.
五.同位语从句
1.同位语从句的引导词: that
2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别:
如果that作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句,如果that不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句.
例: (1). I had no idea that it was so late. (主系表
结构,that 不作从句中的成分,同位语从句)
(2).I still remember the place that we visited
last year.(主谓宾结构,that作从句中的宾
语,定语从句)
3.that引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有:
idea, fact, news, word 等.
1).名词性从句一律用陈述句的语序。
Where we can find him is still unknown.
2).只有一个宾语从句时，that可以省略；表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句中的that 不能省略；多个宾语从句中，只有第一个宾语从句引导词that可以省略。
P44例句
3）what引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句有时相当于“the+名词+that”
What you said was right.
4).在表示建议、命令、要求时，如advice, suggestion, proposal, order, demand, request等词后的名词性从句，谓语通常用should+动词原形。
His suggestion is that we should arrive there ten minutes earlier.
Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.
who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
2. Can you make sure ___ the gold rings
A. where she had put B. where had she put
C. where she has put D. where has she put
3. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the
schoolmaster __ he had done the day
before.
A. that B. how
C. where D. what
4. ___ you don’t like him is none of my
business.
A. What B. Who
C. That D. Whether
用关系词填空
1.All of us wonder ____ cleaned the classroom.
2.The fact ____ he didn’t keep his promise made
me very angry.
3. ____ he is right is certain.
4.The truth is _____ he has come back.
5.I don’t know _______ or not the professor will
give us a lecture.
who
that
That
that
whether
1.The question is ____the film is worth seeing.
A. if B. what C. whether D. how
C
单项填空
2.Energy is _____ make things work.
A. what B. everything
C. something D. anything
A
3.He often think of _____ he can do more for his
country.
A. what B. how C. that D. which
4.It was ordered that all the soldiers _____ to the
front.
A. should send B. must be sent
C. should be sent D. must go
B
C