课件19张PPT。专题十二 动词的语态考点一动词的语态
考点抢测单项填空1. Don’t worry. Your package_______ here until you come back, please enjoy shopping here.
A. will keep B. keeps
C. can be kept D. kept C 【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意:不要担心,你的行李这儿_____直到你回来,请愉快地购物。will keep一般将来时;keeps一般现在时;can be kept情态动词的被动语态;kept一般过去时。此处应该是行李被保存,应使用被动语态,故选C。
2. Textbooks for junior students _______ for free in most areas of China.
A. provide B. provided
C. are provided D. are providing【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:在中国大部分地区,中学课本被免费_____。provide动词原形;provided动词的过去式或过去分词;are provided一般现在时的被动语态。are providing现在进行时。根据句意,课本应该是被提供,故选C。C3. —Excuse me. I’m looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
—Sorry. The book you ask for _______ out.
A. is selling B. is sold
C. was selling D. will be sold
B 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意“打扰一下,我正在找《做最好的自己》这本书______。”“不好意思,你要的这本书卖完了。”is selling现在进行时;is sold一般现在时的被动语态;was selling过去进行时;will be sold一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意,书应该是被卖完。又因问句中为一般现在时,故选B。
4. —How often do I need to feed the dog?
—It _______ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A. must give B. must be give
C. must be given D. must be gave【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意“我需要多久喂一次狗?”“它每天_____食物,否则它会饿的。”A项情态动词的主动语态;B项表达错误;C项情态动词的被动语态;D项表达错误。It代指狗做主语,故谓语动词应用被动,故选C。C5. —Your T-shirt looks cool! Is it new?
—Yes, it _______ by my father yesterday. I like it very much.
A. sold B. bought
C. was sold D. was bought D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意“你的T恤看起来很酷,是新的吗?”“是的,我爸爸昨天给我买的,我很喜欢它。”sold一般过去时,卖;bought一般过去时,买;was sold一般过去时的被动语态,被卖;was bought一般过去时的被动语态,被买。T恤应该是被爸爸买的,故排除A和C。又因it做主语,故使用被动语态,故选D。
满分点拨
1. 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
(1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如:
Many people speak English. 很多人说英语。
(2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动词的对象。如:
Chinese is spoken by many people. 汉语被很多人说。(Chinese是动词speak的承受者)2. 被动语态的构成:
被动语态由“系动词be+及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)”构成。常见的动词被动结构如下:
3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)转换图示:
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动。
(2)方法突破:
分析近几年考情发现,涉及语态的试题的选项中通常有两个主动,两个被动,并且有现在时态和过去时态。学生在做题时,可从以下角度入手分析:
① 读懂句意,确定主语,判断主语表示人还是物,当主语为人时,需根据句意及谓语动词判断该动作是否是主语发出,若为主语发出,用主动语态,若不是主语发出,用被动语态。物作主语的时候,谓语动词要用被动语态,由此可排除掉主动语态的选项。
② 再结合句意及给出的时间状语或已经发生动作的时态,选取对应的时态。
注意:不能使用被动结构的情况
(1)连系动词,如:look, feel, smell等,以主动形式表示被动含义。如:
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
(2)有些词组的主动形式表被动含义,如:need doing (需要做某事),be worth doing (值得做某事)等。
如:
Your bedroom is in a mess. It needs cleaning right now. 你的卧室太乱了,需要马上清理一下。(3)表示“发生”的happen或take place,无被动结构。如:
The story happened on a cold night. (√)
The story was happened on a cold night.(×) 故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。