Unit4 Friends forever 单元练习题 新外研版必修一（含答案解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
book 1 unit 4 Friends forever测试题
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．Choose an object of art or flowers that you find _________ (inspire).
2．________(strike) on the head by a stone, he fell on the ground all at once.
3．Our parents live some ________ (distant) away.
4．His wife has a very strong ________(person) and they often quarrel.
5．You will find him in the ________ (dine) room.
6．Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder________(locate) better than the facts.
7．He said he ________ (deliver) a speech next week.
8．If you are still struggling __________ (interpret) the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some ________ (patient).
9．All of these are good ________ (quality) to notice, and they may lead you to ____ better understanding of the poem in the end.
10．Dr. King ends his talk by advising those ________ become too stressed to seek for help when necessary.
11．They have replanted many areas with rare and ________ (usual) plants.
12．I didn’t like the way _____ she treated children.
13．He is the only one of the three_____ has got the new idea.
14．The boss in _____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.
15．The visitor_____ passport was stolen was on his way to the US.
二、阅读理解
A
Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you’ll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site. Adults (成年人) have 130. So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.
However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won’t make any difference. Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.
Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends. You’ve most likely known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are ten more friends. Although they’re close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. You aren’t close. And finally, there’s a large group of 100. You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don’t know them well. Beyond (超过) this number, Dunbar says, it’s impossible to make any relationship meaningful.
If you have a lot of online “friends”, try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven’t been in touch with for a year. Then remove people you can’t remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn’t mind losing touch with. How many do you have left How many of these people are actually good friends According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.
16．What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about
A．The number of friends you should have.
B．The advantages of having a lot of friends.
C．Some social skills you may need at work.
D．Some useful advice on how to make friends.
17．According to the American study, the most popular students at school ________.
A．are likely to spend more money
B．may not be as popular at work
C．seem to get better paid jobs
D．will work harder in later years
18．What does the underlined part “this number” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．10. B．35.
C．100. D．150.
19．What does the text mainly want to show
A．You need to spend more time with your friends.
B．There is a lot of research on the influence of friends.
C．Friends are sometimes more important than family.
D．It’s more important to have good friends than lots of friends.
B
Consider what goes through your mind after you’ve taken your seat on an airplane. You’ve not seen the captain, but his or her voice comes over the air. “Hello, this is your captain speaking.” Are you about to fly the friendly skies What you probably don’ realize is that you do make quick judgments (判断) based on very few factors the moment you hear “hello”.
Experts have discovered that “hello” carries enough information for listeners to draw judgments about the speakers personality, such as how reliable (可信赖的) he or she is. They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. The word “hello” was then picked from each recording, and 320 different students listened to that word through a computer. The students were asked to score the voices according to personality, including attractiveness and warmth, giving them points from l to 10. Although every voice was played in one third a second, the students formed an opinion quickly.
It is amazing that from such short voices of speech they can get such an obvious impression of a person. And whether it is correct, their impressions are mostly the same as what the other listeners get. The research also suggests that people’ impressions are based on the tone (语调) of voice. Men and women who present the strength of their voices are regarded as more reliable.
The speed with which the students made their judgments makes much sense. Deciding who to trust can be important to your survival. There’s no point in listening to someone talk for 5 minutes to decide if they’re reliable or not — you could be dead already. The discovery may help improve computer-made voice technologies, experts say.
20．Why does the author mention “the captain” in paragraph 1
A．To present a fact. B．To make a prediction.
C．To introduce a new research. D．To explain the rule on a plane.
21．How did the students tell the speakers’ personality
A．Making telephone calls.
B．Playing voices at high speeds.
C．Picking “hello” from conversations.
D．Listening to and scoring the records of “hello”.
22．What can we do to leave a good first impression
A．Make a long speech. B．Give powerful voice.
C．Follow other listeners. D．Speak as fast as possible.
23．What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph
A．The secret to tallying for 5 minutes. B．The different ways you say “hello”.
C．The application in voice technologies. D．The method of listening with attention.
三、七选五
For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places. 24 .
Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent. 25 , causing the person who’s the object of a person’s stare to feel overly studied and uncomfortable.
26 . The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive.
Overly lasting eye contact is also a sign of a person’s over-awareness of the messages they are giving. In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort (扭曲) their eye contact so that they’re not avoiding it. 27 . But on the contrary, evasive (逃避的) eye contact is a sign of discomfort. Why do we avoid looking at a person It may be because we feel ashamed to be looking at them if we’re being dishonest of trying to take them in. Evasive eye contact may also a sign of dishonesty.
However, Scotland’s University of Stirling found that, in a question-and-answer study among children, those who maintained eye contact were less likely to come up with the correct answer to a question than those who looked away to consider their response. 28 , when this energy could be spent on deep thinking.
A．This is a widely recognized indicator of lying
B．Constant eye contact is often considered to be rude
C．Eye contact is the act of looking into someone’s eyes
D．But there’s something you may not know about eye contact
E．Overpowering eye contact can make the other person excited
F．Even between humans and non-humans, lasting eye contact is sometimes unadvisable
G．Eye contact, as a socializing device, can take a surprising amount of effort to maintain
四、完形填空
I met Emma at the age of six, and we have been best friends for more than 20 years. While trying to think of a meaningful story about her, I came to the 29 that our whole friendship is a warm story.
We were 30 at the age of 10, when she moved to Letterkenny from Galway. Losing your best friend at 10 is never going to be 31 , but that wasn’t the case (事实) for us. People said we couldn’t keep the friendship alive because distance and 32 would force us to grow apart.
They were 33 .
Every festival, our parents drove us to and from each other’s homes. Four-hour drives before smartphones felt like an eternity (无穷无尽的一段时间). 34 , our friendship grew stronger. We became a part of each other’s 35 . We felt more like sisters than 36 .
I have never met someone as 37 as myself. I see my sense of humor reflected in her and I try to emulate (努力赶上) her passion (热情) and 38 in my work and life. We have had each other’s 39 through failed exams and difficulties in careers.
We have 40 together, traveled together and completed college together. We thought a four-hour drive would be the worst our friendship would have to 41 , but she has lived in Belfast, Budapest and Brussels, 42 I have lived in Toronto, Sydney and Brisbane. Through text messages, phone calls and social media, I 43 she will always be the greatest friend I have ever known.
29．A．station B．question C．decision D．realization
30．A．satisfied B．separated C．lucky D．strong
31．A．necessary B．valuable C．easy D．real
32．A．time B．money C．direction D．speed
33．A．wrong B．hopeless C．crazy D．impolite
34．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Moreover
35．A．communities B．teams C．families D．projects
36．A．neighbors B．friends C．classmates D．relatives
37．A．talented B．hard-working C．honest D．like-minded
38．A．drive B．interest C．attention D．choice
39．A．numbers B．names C．backs D．habits
40．A．grown up B．set out C．moved in D．got back
41．A．suffer B．enjoy C．learn D．forget
42．A．if B．unless C．so D．while
43．A．accept B．believe C．wonder D．remember
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Some digital identities, 44 (know) as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in 45 1980s. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats like instant messenger. Nowadays, they are everywhere. People can choose an avatar 46 a selection of ready-made images, or create their own that can talk, walk, and fly around.
The avatar says a lot about your personality. When you choose a picture of a cute cat, you want to say, “I like relaxing and 47 (have) fun”. Cartoon characters or laughing monkeys express “I am a really 48 (fun) person”. Some people make a few 49 (improve) and also experiment with things like hairstyles.
Avatars let you express 50 (you) and give you a lot of room for creativity. They find they have the power to create new identities 51 did not look or act like their real selves.
But the use of avatars has caused a few concerns. Some worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that are becoming afraid of 52 (meet) people in real world. Some people even use avatars 53 (cheat).
六、其他应用文
54．假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Ella近日发来邮件说上周她参观了当地科技馆举办的科技展。请你给她回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达问候；
2. 询问展览相关情况；
3. 邀请她来中国参观科技展。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．inspiring
【详解】考查形容词。句意：选择一件你觉得鼓舞人心的艺术品或鲜花。固定搭配find sth.+adj.“发现某物怎么样”，形容词作宾补，定语从句关系词that替代先行词an object of art or flowers，作find的宾语，应用-ing结尾形容词inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。
2．Struck
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的头被一块石头击中，一下子倒在地上。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词，且和主语“he”之间为动宾关系，故用done形式作状语。故填Struck。
3．distance
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的父母住得很远。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，some distance意思为“一些距离”，是名词。故填distance。
4．personality
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的妻子个性很强，他们经常吵架。设空处在句中作宾语，名词personality“性格，个性”符合句意，由空前的“has a very strong”可知设空处应填名词单数形式。故填personality。
5．dining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你会在餐厅找到他的。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“will find”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，空格处应用“dine”的动名词形式“dining”作定语，表示功能，“dining room”意为“餐厅”。故填dining。
6．location
【详解】考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，人们后来对文件夹位置的记忆要比对事实的记忆更深刻。作动词的宾语，应用名词location，故填location。
7．would deliver
【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他将于下周发表演讲。根据主句时态可知，用过去时态。再根据从句时间状语next week可知，用过去将来时。根据句意，故填would deliver。
8． to interpret patience
【详解】1.考查不定式。句意：如果你付出了很大的努力，仍然难以理解一首诗的意思，请有耐心。根据句意和空格前的动词struggle以及所给动词interpret分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式to interpret作动词struggle的宾语，struggle to do something意义为“努力做某事”。故填to interpret。
2.考查名词。句意：如果你付出了很大的努力，仍然难以理解一首诗的意思，请有耐心。根据句意和所给形容词patient以及空格前的动词have分析句子可知，空格处应该填入patient的名词形式patience作动词have的宾语。故填patience。
9． qualites a
【详解】考查名词复数和不定冠词。句意：所有这些都是值得注意的好品质，它们可能会让你最终更好地理解这首诗。quality品质，可数名词，由主语“All of these”可知此处应用复数形式作表语；a better understanding of...对……更好的了解，固定短语。故填①qualities②a。
10．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：金博士最后建议那些压力过大的人在必要时寻求帮助。those为先行词，且指的是人，且从句缺少主语，所以使用who引导定语从句，故填who。
11．unusual
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们在许多地区重新种上了珍稀植物。根据句意和所给形容词usual以及空格前的rare分析句子可知，空格处应该填入usual的反义词unusual作定语，修饰后面的名词plants。故填unusual。
12．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢她对待孩子的方式。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系代词that，是固定用法。故填that。
13．who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是三个人中唯一有新想法的人。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the only one，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
14．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：金女士十年前工作的那个部门的老板瞧不起女性。根据句意和句子结构可知，“in _____ department Ms King worked ten years ago”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The boss”；设空处在从句中作定语，为先行词的所有格，表示“……的”，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
15．whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：护照被偷的那名游客当时正在去美国的路上。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是visitor，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作passport的定语，应用whose引导。故填whose。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了有好朋友更重要并同时介绍了得出这项研究发现的过程，以及这项研究发现背后的意义。
16．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you’ll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully. (澳大利亚的研究人员对1500人及其生活方式进行了研究，发现有好朋友可以帮助你活得更长。一项在美国对10000名学生进行的为期35年的研究还发现，如果你在学校交的朋友比普通人多，你在以后的生活中会得到更高的薪水。人们在工作中需要良好的社交技能来管理人员并在团队中成功工作。)” 可知，第一段提到的研究主要是关于有很多朋友的好处。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段中“An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average (普通的) person at school, you’ll receive a higher salary (工资) in later life. (一项在美国对10000名学生进行的为期35年的研究还发现，如果你在学校交的朋友比普通人多，你在以后的生活中会得到更高的薪水。)”可知，根据美国的这项研究，学校里最受欢迎的学生似乎能找到薪水更高的工作。故选C。
18．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“He found that they always communicate with a maximum (最大量) of 150 people.(他发现他们最多能和150人交流。)”可知，Dunbar发现，人们最多只能和150人交流，超过150这个数字，和其他人的任何关系都没有意义。故划线词“this number” 指的是150。故选D。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyles, have found that having good friends can help you live longer. (澳大利亚的研究人员对1500人及其生活方式进行了研究，发现有好朋友能帮助你长寿。)”可知，本文主要介绍了得出这项发现的研究过程，以及这项研究发现背后的意义。因此，这篇文章主要想表达有好朋友更重要。故选D。
20．C 21．D 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章指出：“hello”这个词所承载的信息可以让听者对说话者的性格做出判断，研究发现人们的印象基于语调，强有力的声音给人更可靠的感觉。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段“You’ve not seen the captain, but his or her voice comes over the air. ‘Hello, this is your captain speaking.’ Are you about to fly the friendly skies What you probably don’ realize is that you do make quick judgments (判断) based on very few factors the moment you hear ‘hello’. (你没有看到机长，但他或她的声音从空中传来。‘你好，我是机长。’你要飞到友好的天空吗？你可能没有意识到的是，当你听到‘你好’的那一刻，你确实会根据很少的因素做出快速判断。)”可知，机长的一个“你好”会导致乘客们做出快速判断，第二段第一句“Experts have discovered that “hello” carries enough information for listeners to draw judgments about the speakers personality, such as how reliable (可信赖的) he or she is. They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. (专家们发现，‘hello’一词所承载的信息足以让听者对说话人的性格做出判断，比如他或她是否可靠。他们录下了64名学生朗读一段电话对话。) ”可知，第一段中提到向乘客问好的机长，目的是引出本文的话题，即相关的一份研究。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. The word ‘hello’ was then picked from each recording, and 320 different students listened to that word through a computer. The students were asked to score the voices according to personality, including attractiveness and warmth, giving them points from l to 10. Although every voice was played in one third a second, the students formed an opinion quickly. (他们录下了64名学生朗读一段电话对话。然后从每个录音中选出hello这个词，让320名不同的学生通过电脑听这个词。学生们被要求根据声音的个性，包括吸引力和温暖度，给它们打1到10分。尽管每个声音都在三分之一秒内播放，但学生们很快就形成了意见。)”可知，学生们通过听从录音中截取的hello这个词的音频，并在1到10分之间打分，以区分说话人的个性。故选D项。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段“The research also suggests that people’ impressions are based on the tone (语调) of voice. Men and women who present the strength of their voices are regarded as more reliable. (研究还表明，人们的印象是基于语调。人们认为声音有力的男性和女性更可靠。)”可知，声音强有力给人的印象更佳，所以想要留下一个良好的第一印象，说话时声音要有气势，应发出有力的声音。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The discovery may help improve computer-made voice technologies, experts say. (专家说，这一发现可能有助于改进计算机语音技术。)”可知，下一段中应该提及在计算机语音技术中如何运用这个研究发现。故选C项。
24．D 25．B 26．F 27．A 28．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。
24．根据上文“For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places. (为了与人接触和交流，有效的眼神交流对于我们与人的日常互动至关重要，对于那些想在公共场所成为有效沟通者的人来说也是如此)”可知，上文介绍了眼神交流在生活中的重要性，D项“但是有一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事”能够承接上文并引起下文，下文介绍的正是一些你可能不知道的关于眼神交流的事。故选D。
25．根据上文“Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent. (一般来说，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，与人的眼神接触应该是间隙均匀的，但不会过于持久)”可知，上文告诉我们，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，眼神接触不应该过于持久，B项“不断的眼神接触通常被认为是粗鲁的”能够承接上文，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，眼神接触不应该过于持久，因为不断的目光接触通常被认为是粗鲁的。故选B。
26．根据下文“The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive. (《新西兰医学杂志》报道说，许多儿童成为宠物狗攻击的受害者的一个原因是他们与宠物长时间的眼神接触，这使宠物狗感到受到威胁，开始防御)”可知，下文告诉我们儿童与宠物长时间的眼神接触使宠物狗感到受到威胁，并攻击儿童，F项“即使在人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触有时也是不可取的”能够引起下文，下文正是人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触所带来的危害。故选F。
27．根据上文“In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort (扭曲) their eye contact so that they’re not avoiding it. (如果有人试图对某人撒谎，他们可能会扭曲他们的眼神接触，以便他们不会避免眼神接触)”可知，上文告诉我们有人试图撒谎时，会通过扭曲他们的眼神接触来掩饰心虚，A项“这是一个被广泛认可的说谎标志”是对上文内容的总结，扭曲眼神接触是一个被广泛认可的说谎标志。故选A。
28．根据下文“when this energy could be spent on deep thinking. (当这些精力可以用于深入思考时)”可知，文章结尾进行总结，告诉我们眼神交流需要进行练习，进行深入思考，G项“眼神交流作为一种社交手段，需要付出惊人的努力才能保持”能够引起下文，眼神交流作为一种社交手段，需要付出惊人的努力才能保持，我们需要花费精力用于深入思考。故选G。
29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．A 41．A 42．D 43．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己与好友Emma之间的友情故事。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我努力想一个关于她的有意义的故事时，我意识到我们的整个友谊是一个温暖的故事。A. station车站；B. question问题；C. decision决定；D. realization意识。根据本句“our whole friendship is a warm story”可知，这是作者明白的内容：她与Emma之间的友谊是一段温暖的故事。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在10岁时分开，当时她从戈尔韦搬到了莱特肯尼。A. satisfied满意的；B. separated分开的；C. lucky幸运的；D. strong强壮的。根据本句“she moved to Letterkenny from Galway”可知，作者在10岁的时候跟Emma分开了。故选B。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：10岁就失去最好的朋友绝对不是件容易的事，但对我们来说却不是这样。A. necessary有必要的；B. valuable贵重的；C. easy容易的；D. real真正的。根据常识和本句的“Losing your best friend at 10”可知，对很多人来说，在10岁的时候与自己的好友分离并不是一件容易的事情。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们说我们无法保持友谊，因为距离和时间会迫使我们有隔阂。A. time时间；B. money金钱；C. direction方向；D. speed速度。根据下文中的“Four-hour drives”可知，很多人认为距离和时间会让作者和Emma之间产生隔阂。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们错了。A. wrong错误的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. impolite无礼的。根据下文“our friendship grew stronger”可知，有人认为作者和Emma之间会渐行渐远，但事实证明这些人都想错了。故选A。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们的友谊越来越牢固。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover而且。根据上文中的“Four-hour drives before smartphones felt like an eternity”和本句“our friendship grew stronger”可知，前后为转折关系，虽然四个小时的车程感觉非常漫长，然而作者和Emma之间的关系却更加亲密。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们成了彼此家庭的一员。A. communities社区；B. teams团队；C. families家庭；D. projects项目。根据下文“We felt more like sisters”可知，作者和Emma成为了彼此的家人，两人更像是姐妹而不仅仅是朋友。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们更像姐妹而不是朋友。A. neighbors邻居；B. friends朋友；C. classmates同学；D. relatives亲戚。根据本句“We felt more like sisters”可知，作者和Emma成为了彼此的家人，两人更像是姐妹而不仅仅是朋友。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过像我这样志同道合的人。A. talented有天赋的；B. hard-working努力工作的；C. honest诚实的；D. like-minded志同道合的。根据下文“I see my sense of humor reflected in her”可知，Emma是作者最好的朋友，两人志趣相投。故选D。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在她身上看到了我的幽默感，我试着在我的工作和生活中模仿她的激情和动力。A. drive动力；B. interest兴趣；C. attention关注；D. choice选择。根据本句“I try to emulate her passion”可知，作者在自己的工作和生活中努力学习Emma的热情和动力。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在考试失败和事业上的困难中，我们互相支持。A. numbers数量；B. names名字；C. backs后背；D. habits习惯。根据本句的“through failed exams and difficulties in careers”可知，作者和Emma在遇到挫折和困境时会相互支持。且have sb.’s back为固定搭配，意为“保护，支持某人”。故选C。
40．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们一起长大，一起旅行，一起完成大学学业。A. grown up长大；B. set out出发；C. moved in搬进；D. got back回来。根据上文中的“I met Emma at the age of six, and we have been best friends for more than 20 years”可知，作者与Emma一起长大。故选A。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以为四个小时的车程是我们的友谊所能承受的最坏的损失，但她住过贝尔法斯特、布达佩斯和布鲁塞尔，而我住过多伦多、悉尼和布里斯班。A. suffer忍受；B. enjoy享受；C. learn学习；D. forget忘记。本句“four-hour drive”是作者和Emma需要忍受的问题。故选A。
42．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们以为四个小时的车程是我们的友谊所能承受的最坏的损失，但她住过贝尔法斯特、布达佩斯和布鲁塞尔，而我住过多伦多、悉尼和布里斯班。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. so所以；D. while然而。根据本句“she has lived in Belfast, Budapest and Brussels”和“I have lived in Toronto, Sydney and Brisbane”可知，应为while对比两件事，意为“而，然而”。故选D。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过短信、电话和社交媒体，我相信她永远是我认识的最好的朋友。A. accept接受；B. believe相信；C. wonder想知道；D. remember记得。根据本句“Through text messages, phone calls and social media”和空后“she will always be the greatest friend”可知，虽然作者与Emma相隔万里，但是她相信Emma会一直是她最好的朋友。故选B。
44．known 45．the 46．from 47．having 48．funny 49．improvements 50．yourself 51．which/that 52．meeting 53．to cheat
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网络虚拟形象。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些数字身份，被称作“虚拟形象”，是人们利用互联网进行交流的关键部分。动词know和identities之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填known。
45．考查定冠词。句意：第一个简单的2D虚拟形象出现在20世纪80年代。固定短语in the 1980s“在20世纪80年代”。故填the。
46．考查介词。句意：人们可以从精选的现成图像中选择一个头像，或者创建自己的会说话、会走路、会飞的头像。结合句意可知，此处指“从精选的现成图像中选择一个头像”，用介词from，故填from。
47．考查动名词。句意：当你选择一张可爱的猫的照片时，你想说，“我喜欢放松和玩耍”。空处和relaxing并列，应用动名词作动词like的宾语，故填having。
48．考查形容词。句意：卡通人物或大笑的猴子表示“我是一个非常有趣的人”。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词person，funny有趣的，形容词，故填funny。
49．考查名词复数。句意：有些人会做一些改进，也会尝试一些事情，比如发型。空处应填名词作动词make的宾语，improvement改进，可数名词，由“a few”可知，应用复数形式，故填improvements。
50．考查反身代词。句意：虚拟形象让你表达自己，给你很大的创造力空间。结合句意可知，此处指“让你表达你自己”，应用反身代词作宾语，故填yourself。
51．考查定语从句。句意：他们发现自己有能力创造新的身份，这些身份看起来或行为都不像真实的自己。分析句子可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是identities，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that，故填which/that。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人担心，他们在虚拟世界里花了太多时间，以至于害怕与现实世界中的人见面。空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填meeting。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人甚至使用虚拟形象来行骗。use sth to do sth“使用……做某事”，故此处用动词不定式，故填to cheat。
54．Dear Ella,
How’s everything been going recently I’m so glad to know you attended an exhibition at the local science and technology museum last week and had a wonderful time.
I have never been to a science and technology exhibition abroad so would you mind sharing some of the details with me Were there any robot performances or related lectures in the exhibition And was the exhibition free to the public
I am looking forward to your reply and sincerely invite you to visit a science and technology exhibition in China someday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生询问美国笔友Ella上周参观当地科技馆举办的科技展情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
高兴的：glad→happy
相关的：related→relevant
参观：visit→pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Were there any robot performances or related lectures in the exhibition
拓展句：Were there any robot performances or lectures that were related in the exhibition
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m so glad to know you attended an exhibition at the local science and technology museum last week and had a wonderful time.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I have never been to a science and technology exhibition abroad so would you mind sharing some of the details with me （动名词短语作宾语的结构）
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