Unit 4 同步验收练习题
卷I（选择题，共85分）
笔试部分
V. 单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，计20分）
( ) 26. I think English is ______ useful language, and it is also ______ important language.
A. an, a B. a, an C. an, the D. a, the
( ) 27. Some people find it difficult to ask ________ help.
A. of B. for C. to D. with
( ) 28. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready _____.
A. ever B. already C. yet D. still
( ) 29. The smile on the teacher’s face showed that she was ________ with us.
A. angry B. sorry C. pleased D. pleasure
( ) 30. Both my brother and I ________ good at swimming.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
( ) 31. I’m sleepy. I prefer _______ at home to going out for a walk.
A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep
( ) 32. John decided _______ for a walk in the forest.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
( ) 33. Can you open the window? I _______ hot.
A. sound B. taste C. smell D. feel
( ) 34. I am already interested in this painting. It ________ the painter’s love for nature.
A. expresses B. discusses C. expects D. imagines
( ) 35. Father often tells me _________ too much time on computer games.
A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. not spending
( ) 36. Learning grammar is a way ________ English.
A. learn B. to learn C. of learn D. learning
( ) 37. This kind of poem was created by an American poet ________ century.
A. in the nineteenth B. in nineteenth C. in the nineteen D. on the nineteenth
( ) 38. Students in our school ________ know shouting is not allowed in the library.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
( ) 39. Here is the book. First ________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after
( ) 40. He arrived here on time, _________ it was rush hour.
A. but B. because C. although D. unless
( ) 41. —I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. Why?
—I ________ for an important telephone call at that moment.
A. wait B. waited C. am waiting D. was waiting
( ) 42. —It’s too noisy here. I can’t stand it.
—Me too. We have to ________ new ways to solve the problem.
A. catch up with B. come up with C. keep up with D. think up
( ) 43. The bridge ________ three months ago.
A. build B. built C. is built D. was built
( ) 44. The policeman caught the thief _______ has stolen Mr. Li’s computer.
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
( ) 45. I?don’t?understand?______?such?a?silly?question?in?class?yesterday.??
A.?why?did?John?ask? B.?why?John?asked?
C.?why?is?John?asking ?D.?why?John?asks
VI. 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When we think about __46__ poems or understanding poetry, we often think that it's hard __47__ it. But nothing could be further from the truth. If you think about it, you have been __48__ to poems for most of your life.
Are you a fan of the latest pop group? Do you like to listen to music? Did your mother ever sing a song to you as she tried __49__ you to sleep? You see, songs are just poems set to music. They have both the __50__ words of poetry and the sweet sound of music to go along with them.
Writing poems is not really all that hard. Through writing poems, you learn how __51__ a language __52__ . You have to use your imagination. You have to choose the best word to describe exactly what you feel or what you see. You might be trying to describe a beautiful sunset. You think that the words "melting in the distance" or "dropping quietly against the sea" would be a good way __53__ to describe it. You have to decide if either the first phrase or the second phrase would be better. Would you like __54__ to write a poem? Go ahead. It’s __55__ not that difficult.
( ) 46. A. write B. writing C. to write D. writes
( ) 47. A. to do B. do C. does D. doing
( ) 48. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened
( ) 49. A. to getting B. to get C. gets D. got
( ) 50. A. wonderful B. dangerous C. careful D. important
( ) 51. A. use B. using C. used D. to use
( ) 52. A. good B. better C. nice D. fine
( ) 53. A. describing B. to describe C. described D. describes
( ) 54. A. written B. wrote C. writes D. to write
( ) 55 A. real B. really C. truly D. truth
Ⅶ. 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，计30分）
阅读A、B、C三篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some cars do not run the way they should. Bad smoke from a car’s engine can get into the air. This bad smoke is called pollution.
Pollution turns the air a gray color. It is very dirty. It is not good for people to breathe this dirty air.
In order to keep pollution down the state makes cars take a test every two years. This test checks to make sure the cars do not pollute the air. If a car does not pass the test the owner cannot register (登记) it.
Some car owners drive their cars even though they cannot pass the test. This is against the law. It is also very bad for the air.
People wanted to find a way to get these cars off the road. A program was started that seems to be helping. This program buys cars that cannot pass the tests or will help pay for repairs.
In order to qualify for the program a car must be drivable and the owner cannot make over a certain amount of money. This program has been helping people by giving them money to help buy better cars or fixing their old ones. It has also been helping to cut down on pollution.
( ) 56. Which of the following is the effect that bad smoke from cars causes?
A. The colour of the air. B.The temperature of air.
C. The quality of the air. D. Both A and C.
( ) 57. The aim of the program in the passage is to ________.
A. sell more cars B. stop air pollution
C. develop the technology D. make the life better
( ) 58. How the programme help the drivers?
A. The programme buys the drives new cars.
B. The programme helps them buy new cars.
C. It helps the drivers wash the cars.
D. It repairs the drivers’ cars.
( ) 59. If some car owners cannot pass the test, they are ________.
A. happy B. safe
C. obey the law D. against the law
( ) 60. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. What is air pollution. B. How to stop air pollution.
C. How to stop pollution of cars. D. Air pollution in the city.
B
When you finish high school or university, is learning done? The answer is “no”. In many countries, people continue learning all their lives. Why is lifelong learning important? How can it help you? Let’s look at one example of lifelong learning in Japan.
Why is lifelong learning important?
You go to school and learn. You take tests. But learning doesn’t only happen in school. And learning doesn’t stop when you graduate from high school or college. You are learning all the time. For example, learning can happen when you go to a museum. It can also happen when you get a job. You learn when you play a sport or when you take a trip. Learning is life! We never stop learning. Every day, you can improve yourself by learning something new.
Lifelong learning in Japan
In Japan, life learning is very important. People in Japan like to try new learning activities. Music calligraphy, flower arranging, and foreign languages are some of their favorite classes. The Japanese take classes to improve their skills and learn new things.
Conclusion
When we graduate from school, we can continue to learn. Make lifelong learning one of your goals!
( ) 61. Why is lifelong learning important?
A. It helps you improve yourself. B. It’s the best way to learn.
C. It’s fun and easy. D. It’s an important goal.
( ) 62. Some people in Japan take foreign language classes to________.
A. get a job B. learn new things
C. get good grades D. finish college
( ) 63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Learning only happens in school.
B. When we graduate from school, learning is done.
C. You can’t learn anything when you play a sport.
D. Music, calligraphy, flower arranging and foreign languages are popular classes in Japan.
( ) 64. We can learn ________.
A. in the high school B. in the college
C. when you get a job. . D. in school or college, at work.
( ) 65. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Learning can be fun. B. We are always learning in school.
C. People can learn all their lives. D. Finishing high school is important.
C
Once upon a time, a boy was walking through a wood and he thought he could hear a sad cry. Following the sound he came to a big, round, mysterious, grey fountain. The sad sound seemed to be coming from the fountain pool. The boy swept aside the pool’s dirty surface water and saw a group of grey fish swimming in a slow circle through the pond.
Amused by this, the boy tried to catch one of these incredible talking fish. But when he stuck his arm into the water it turned grey right up to the elbow. As this happened, a huge sadness entered into him, and he suddenly understood how sad the fish were feeling.
He quickly pulled his arm out of the water, and ran from that place. But the arm stayed grey, and the boy continued feeling sad. He tried so many times to cheer himself up, but nothing worked. That was, until he realized that if he were to make the Earth happy then that happiness would be, in turn, transmitted back to him, through the earth on his arm.
From then on, he set about looking after countryside. He cared for the plants, and he did what he could to keep the water from being polluted. He encouraged others to do the same. He was so successful that his arm started to recover its normal color. When the grey had disappeared completely, he started feeling happy again, and he decided to go and visit the fountain. When he was still some way from the fountain he could hear the fish singing happily.
( ) 66. What happened to the boy when he stuck his arm into the water?
A. He caught some fish. B. His arm was bitten by the fish.
C. He felt great sadness. D. Nothing special happened.
( ) 67. The underlined word “recover” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 转变 B. 进化 C. 变异 D. 恢复
( ) 68. Which of the following didn’t happen after the boy left the fountain?
A. He started to look after the countryside.
B. He stopped the water from being polluted.
C. He encouraged people to protect the earth.
D. His arm kept grey and he never felt happy.
( ) 69. What can we learn from the passage?
A. We should protect the earth. B. We shouldn’t catch fish.
C. Even the fountain may cry. D. We should visit the fountain.
( ) 70. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Beautiful Countryside. B. The Talking Fish.
C. The Sad Cry. D. The Grey Fountain.
卷Ⅱ（非选择题，共35分）
听力部分（第二节）
VIII. 听短文填空（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）
笔试部分
IX. 任务型阅读 （共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，并按要求回答76—80题。
D
Cellphones help us easily find people anywhere at any time. However, using cellphones too often may cause cancer. It’s reported that people who used a cellphone for 10 years or more were more likely to get brain cancer.
The suggestions below may help you reduce the risk(风险) of cancer:
◆When using your cellphone, try to keep it away from your body as much as possible. Don’t put it under your pillow(枕头) or on a bedside table when you sleep.
◆When you’re on the cellphone, use the speaker. In this way, you have just 1/100th of the contact with radiation you have when you hold it to your ear. An earphone is also a good idea.
◆Try to keep your conversations short. If you need to talk longer, use an ordinary phone instead.
◆Change ears when you’re using your cellphone. Before putting it to your ear, wait until the person you are calling picks up the phone.
◆Your phone gives out radiation when you talk or text, but not when you’re listening or getting messages. Listening more and talking less can lower the risk of cancer.
◆Do not use your cellphone when the signal is weak or when moving at a high speed, for example in a car or train. At high speeds your phone is trying to pick up signals, and this increases the radiation it gives out.
76题完成句子；77题写出 “it”所指代的内容。78题简略回答问题；79题将文中画线句子译成汉语；80题概括全文的主要内容。
76. No matter where he is, cellphones help us find people _________ at any time.
77. In this passage, the underlined word “it” refer to ________________.
78. Where are you not supposed to put your cellphone when you sleep?
_________________________________________________________________
79.
_________________________________________________________________
80. What’s the passage about?
_________________________________________________________________
X. 词语运用（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）
根据句意，用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。（每词或短语只限使用一次）
effort, happy, poet, we, be covered with
81. We often ask __________ how we can do more for our country.
82. You should share your __________ with your friends when you are successful.
83. Bai Juyi was one of the most __________ in the Tang Dynasty.
84. It is autumn now. The ground __________ yellow leaves.
85. Jenny made great success in her research because she put her __________ into it.
XI. 基础写作（包括A、B两部分， A部分5分，B部分10分，共计15分）
A) 连词成句（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）
根据所给单词完成句子。要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出。
86. tales, reading, do, like, you, fairy
_____________________________________________________________?
87. were, yesterday, doing, at, this, what, you, time
_____________________________________________________________?
88. on, grass, Jack, lying, is, the
_____________________________________________________________.
89. treat, best, him, as, my, I, friend
_____________________________________________________________.
90. bank, by, made, a, the, man, in, a, working, living
______________________________________________________________.
B）书面表达（计10分）
91. 体育运动是中学生的共同爱好。请你根据下列提示写一篇题为 What We Get from Sports 的短文，短文应包含以下要点:
1. 学生参加体育运动的兴趣不同，理由各异。
2. 多数学生学习疲倦时，通过运动来放松自己。
3. 男孩们参加各项体育活动，希望运动能使自己更强壮。
4. 女孩们也喜欢运动，希望运动能帮助自己减肥和保持苗条。
5. 你对运动的观点。
要求：1. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校名称；
2. 字数：80词左右，不可逐字翻译，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
What we get from sports
Students in our school have one thing in common -- an interest in sports.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. 26—30 BBCCC 31—35 ABDAC 36—40 BACBC 41—45 DBDCD
VI. 46—50 BACBA 51—55 DBBDB
VII. 56—60 BCDAB 61—65 ABDDC 66—70 CDDAD
VIII. 71. Germany 72. singer 73. seventeen / 17 74. a serious disease 75. died
IX. 76. easily 77. The / Your cellphone. 78. Under your pillow or on a bedside table. 79. 据报道，使用手机长达十年甚至更久的人更可能得脑癌。80. It’s about some suggestions on cellphone use/ to reduce the risk of cancer.
X. 81. ourselves 82. happiness 83. poets 84. is cover with 85. effort
XI. A) 86. Do you like reading fairy tales
87. What were you doing at this time yesterday
88. Jack is lying on the grass
89. I treat him as my best friend
90. The man made a living by working in a bank
B) One possible version:
Students in our school have one thing in common—an interest in sports. But different students have different reasons for taking part in sports.
Many students have sports when they feel tired after study. They just want to relax themselves and have fun. Most boys love sports. They take part in all kinds of sports in order to become stronger. They join in the sports that interest them most, such as soccer, basketball and volleyball. Girls also like sports. Some of them they want to lose weight, to be slim and pretty by doing sports.
In my opinion, no matter what reasons we have, we all can get a lot from sports.
Unit 4重点单词和短语解析
单 词
1. aloud
作副词，意为“出声地、大声地”，多用在动词后作状语。如：
We could hear it all the time though nobody said it aloud. 尽管没人大声说出来，但孩子们时时都能听到。
2. line
作可数名词，意为“行、线路、线”，复数形式是lines。如：
How many lines does this poem have? 这首诗有多少行？
短语in line意为“成一条线”，多在句中作状语或表语。如：
You should wait in line when waiting for the bus. 你在等车时应该排队等候。
3. state
作及物动词，意为“陈述、说明”，后加名词或代词作宾语。如：
How can you state this matter in another way? 你如何用另一种方法陈述一下这个事情？
作可数名词，意为“州、状态、国家”，复数形式是states。如：
The U.S. has fifty states. 美国有五十个州。
4. spirit
作可数名词，意为“精灵”，复数形式是spirits。如：
hey all call her the little spirit. 他们都把她叫做小精灵。
作不可数名词，意为“精神”。 如：
We should learn this spirit in our work. 我们应该在工作中学习这种精神。
5. silver
作不可数名词，意为“银、银”。 如：
This bowl is made of silver. 这个碗是银制的。
作形容词， 意为“银的”，在句中作定语或表语。如：
Wang Hong won the silver medal in the game. 王红在比赛中获得了银牌。
6. lie
作不及物动词，意为“躺、平放、位于、撒谎”，注意，作“撒谎”讲时，过去式、过去分词是lied, lied，作其他含义讲时，过去式、过去分词是lay, lain；它的现在分词都是lying。如：
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
She lied to us again. Did you think so? 她对我们又撒谎了。你这样认为吗？
作可数名词，意为“谎言”，短语tell a lie意为“撒谎”。 如：
Why did he tell lies this time? 这一次他为什么要撒谎？
7. awake
作形容词，意为“醒着的，它是动词wake的形容词形式，在句中作表语或宾语补足语。如：
Her mother kept awake for a whole night. 他妈妈一整夜都在醒着。
8. musician
作可数名词，意为“音乐家”，表示“音乐”使用music，注意这是不可数名词。如：
The musician is playing a piece of new music. 这位音乐家正在演奏一首新音乐。
9. neck
作可数名词，意为“脖子”，复数形式是necks。短语neck and neck表示“齐头并进个”，多在句中作状语或表语。如：
Which animal has the longest neck in the world? 世界上哪种动物的脖子最长？
Look! Danny and Li Ming are neck and neck. 看！丹尼和李明齐头并进了。
10. humorous
作形容词，意为“幽默的”，在句中作定语或表语。它的名词形式是humor，意为“幽默”。 如：
After class, he told us a humorous story. 下课后，他告诉我们一个幽默故事。
This text is full of humor. 这篇课文充满了幽默。
短语部分
1. compare … with …
意为“把……和……比较”，用于同类相比；短语compare…to…意为“把……比作……”，用于异类相比。如：
Let's compare this photo with that one. 让我们把这张照片和那张照片作一下比较。
Children are often compared to happy birds. 孩子常常被比喻成幸福的小鸟。
2. a number of
意为 “一些”，与some或several同义，后面往往加名词复数。以a number of短语作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数形式。句中的set是过去分词起形容词作用，意为“固定的、规定的”，修饰后面的名词number。如：
There are a set number of workers in each workshop. 每个车间都有固定数量的工人。
A number of tourists have come back already. 一些游客已经回来了。
3. feel sorry for
意为“对……感到抱歉、遗憾、后悔”，后加名词、代词、动名词作介词for的宾语。如：
She felt really sorry for that matter. 她对那件事情感到很后悔。
We felt sorry for what we had done. 我们对我们所做的事情感到抱歉。
4. be filled with
意为“充满”，其中的filled 是动词fill的过去分词起形容词作用，用在系词be后作表语，介词with 加上名词或代词后作状语。在意义上与be full of 同义。如：
The basket is filled with fresh flowers. 篮子里装满了鲜花。
5. see somebody doing something
表示“看到某人正做某事”，所指动作正在进行；而句式see somebody do something 表示 “看到某人做了某事”，所指动词已经完成。类似这种用法的动词还有hear, feel, notice, watch 等。如：
I saw him come and go upstairs. 我看到他回来到楼上去了。
We heard her singing an English song when we walked past her room. 当我们路过她的房间的时候听到她正在唱一首英文歌曲。
Unit 4重点句子解析
1. I haven’t decided which one to write yet.
句中的which one to write是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构用在动词decide后作宾语。不定式可以与疑问词?who, what, which, when, how, where 等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语等。如：
Where to buy this kind of computer is a problem. 到哪里去买这种计算机是一个问题。
I really don’t know what to do. 我的确不知道该怎么办了。
The question is how to get there. 问题是怎么到那里去。
Can you tell me which one to choose? 你能告诉我该选择哪一个吗？
2. If you think about it, it can take a long time to come up with the right words.
这句话中的if you think about it是条件状语从句，表示前提，短语think about意为“考虑”；第二个it是形式主语，动词take表示“花费”，真正的主语是后面的不定式to come up with the right words，短语come up with意为“想出”。 如：
We don’t believe they can keep up with us. 我相信他们是不会赶上我们的。
3. Describe your topic in two words.
介词in 在这里表示方式，后接名词、代词、V-ing形式，多用在动词后作状语。如：
Can you say these words in another way? 你能用另一种方法说出这些单词吗？
4. The man looked at the gold axe, knowing it wasn’t his.
句中的knowing it wasn’t his是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。如：
Mr. Zhang walked into the classroom, holding two books in his hand. 张先生手里拿着两本书走进了教室。
5. He thought it must be the king’s musicians passing by.
情态动词must 加上动词原形表示肯定推测的含义。如：
He wasn’t in the classroom. He must play on the playground. 他没在教室里。他一定在操场上玩呢。
情态动词can’t加上动词原形表示否定推测的含义。如：
She can’t be in Washington because I saw her here just now. 她不可能去华盛顿了，因为刚才我在这里还见到了她。
6. Along with them came the spring.
这是一个倒装句式，伴随状语along with them放在句首起强调作用，然后是谓语动词，最后是主语。如：
Away with me went upstairs. 和我一起到楼上去了。
7. We learned to write stories and poems this week.
在下列动词后往往加不定式作宾语：want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, try, agree, know, learn, promise, refuse, decide等。如：
She refused to leave with us. 她拒绝和我们一起走。
My parents promised to buy a computer for me. 我的父母答应给我买一台计算机。
8. I like reading stories, but I think they are very hard to write.
系词be 加上形容词后再加不定式表示“很……做某事”，其中的不定式作状语。如：
English is easy to learn. Do you think so? 英语容易学。你认为这样吗？
过去进行时的用法（上）
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。
1. 构成：
助动词was (were) + 动词的现在分词。如：
I was having a talk with Zhang Hong at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我正在跟张红谈话。
They were watching TV at home last night. 昨晚他们一直在看电视。
2. 基本句型：
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
I was doing
Were you doing?
I was not doing
He / She / It was doing.
Was he / she / it doing?
Yes, he / she / it was.
No, he / she / it wasn’t.
He / she / it was not doing.
We were doing.
Were we doing?
We were not doing
You were doing
Were you doing?
You were not doing
They were doing
Were they doing?
They were not doing
3. 基本用法：
（1）过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，常和表过去的时间点的状语连用，如：
I was doing my homework at eight yesterday evening. 昨天晚上八点钟我正在做作业。
Was she watching TV at home at ten o’clock last night? 昨天晚上十点钟她正在家里看电视吗？
（2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语有：
this?morning,?the?whole?morning,?all?day?yesterday,?from?nine?to?ten?last?evening,?when,
while等。如：
We?were?watching?TV?from?seven?to?nine?last?night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What?was?he?doing?all?day?last?Sunday?? 上周日他一整天都在做什么？
My?brother?fell?while?he?was?riding?his?bicycle?and?hurt?himself.? 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。
It?was?snowing?when?they?left?the?station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雪。
（3）?在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。如：
While?he?was?waiting?for?the?bus,?he?was?reading?a?newspaper. 他边等车边看报。?(两个动作都是延续的)
He?was?cleaning?his?car?while?I?was?cooking.? 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
过去进行时的用法（下）
1. 一般过去时和过去进行时的用法区别：
（1）一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态（包括过去习惯动作），常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week (month, year), the day before yesterday及表示过去的时间状语从句。如：
Where did you live last year? 去年你住在哪里？
My father worked in this factory in 2000. 我父亲2000年在这家工厂工作。
I met her in the street the day before yesterday. 前天我在街上遇见了她。
He often swam in the river when he was young. 他小时候常在河里游泳。
（2）过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time / moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night / Sunday / week…), at + 点钟 + yesterday (last night / Sunday…), when somebody did something等时间状语从句。
What were you doing at seven yesterday evening?昨天晚上七点你在干什么？
I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前。当时她在一家无线电商店工作。
I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。
（3）一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。如：
I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher. 你在和老师谈话时我看见了你。
注意：有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时，也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。如：
She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）
She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。（信不一定写完）
2. 过去进行时其他注意点：
(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作，动词go, leave, arrive等常可这样使用。如：
He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。
(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：
I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?
(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：
He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。
Unit 4易混淆词语辨析
1. too many, too much, much too
(1) too many的中心词是many, 用法与many相同，用来修饰复数可数名词。
如：He has got too many questions to ask you. 他有很多问题要问你。
They bought too many eggs yesterday. 昨天他们买了太多的鸡蛋。
(2) too much的中心词是much, 用法与much相同，用来修饰不可数名词。
如:We both have too much work to do. 我们俩都有很多工作要做。
She spent too much money on clothes. 她花太多钱买衣服。
另外， too much还可作名词性短语，用作宾语; 也可作副词性短语，在句中用作状语，修饰动词。例如:
You've given me too much. 你给我的太多了。
He talked too much at the meeting, didn't he? 他在会上讲得太多了，是吗?
(3) much too的中心词是too, 用法与too相同，用来修饰原级形容词或副词。例如：You’re walking much too fast. Slow down. 你走得太快了, 慢点。
I'm afraid that this cap is much too big for me. 这顶帽子我戴恐怕太大了。
2. aloud, loud, loudly
aloud ， loud 和 loudly 都可以表示“大声地”，但在用法上有区别。
(1) aloud作副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，但是声音不一定很大。意为“出声地”或“大声地”，常用 read, call 等动词连用。
如：Please read the text aloud. 请朗读一下课文。
(2) loud可以用作形容词或副词，意为“响亮地”、“大声”或“高声地”，侧重发出的音量大，传得远，一般多用来修饰 speak, talk, laugh 等动词。常用loud 的比较级。
如：Speak louder, please, or no one will hear you. 请大声些，否则没人能听见。
Don’t make loud noise, please. 请不要大吵大闹。
(3) loudly是副词，意为“响亮地”，其基本意义与 loud 相同。 loudly 放在动词前后均可，含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味，指令人讨厌的声音。
如：It’s not polite to shout loudly at the old. 冲老人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。
Unit 4 Stories and Poems
Lesson 19: A Story or a Poem?
I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
compare, limit, format, rhyme, power, effort, fat, aloud, although
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) I haven’t decided which one to write yet.
2) Compared with poems, stories usually have longer passages.
3) If you think about it, it can take a long time to come up with the right words.
4) I described something I love.
Language Points:
1.. I haven’t decided which one to write yet. 我还没有决定该写哪一个。
【用法】?句中的which one to write是“疑问词 + 不定式”结构用在动词decide后作宾语。不定式可以与疑问词?who, what, which, when, how, where 等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语等。
【举例】①Where to buy this kind of computer is a problem. 到哪里去买这种计算机是一个问题。（作主语）②I really don’t know what to do. 我的确不知道该怎么办了。（作宾语）③The question is how to get there. 问题是怎么到那里去。（作表语）④Can you tell me which one to choose?你能告诉我该选择哪一个吗？（作宾语补足语）
2. If you think about it, it can take a long time to come up with the right words. 如果你考虑一下，找到合适的单词就要花费很长时间。
【用法】这句话中的if you think about it是条件状语从句，表示前提，短语think about意为“考虑”；it can take a long time to come up with the right words是主句，其中的it是形式主语，动词take表示“花费”，真正的主语是后面的不定式to come up with the right words，短语come up with意为“想出”。
【举例】We don’t believe they can keep up with us. 我相信他们是不会赶上我们的。
3. I described something I love. 我描写了一些我喜欢的东西。
【用法】句中的I love是定语从句，用在不定代词something 之后作定语，前面省略了关系代词that。
【举例】She cooked something (that) we liked to eat. 她做了一些我们喜欢吃的东西。
Lesson 20: Say It in Five
I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
line, text, poet, single, screen, stretch, liquid, state, noun, adjective, verb, express
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) Each line has a set number of words.
2）Let’s look at another two poems as examples.
3）Describe your topic in two words.
4) Choose three words that describe what your topic does.
Language Points:
1. Each line has a set number of words. 每行有固定数目的单词。
【用法】a number of的意为 “一些”，与some或several同义，后面往往加名词复数。以a number of短语作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数形式。句中的set是过去分词起形容词作用，意为“固定的、规定的”，修饰后面的名词number。
【举例】①There are a set number of workers in each workshop. 每个车间都有固定数量的工人。②A number of tourists have come back already. 一些游客已经回来了。
【拓展】the number of的意为“……的数目”，后加名词复数。以the number of短语作主语时，谓语动词往往使用单数形式。
2. Describe your topic in two words. 用两个单词描写你的主题。
【用法】介词in 在这里表示方式，后加名词、代词、动名词，多用在动词后作状语。
【举例】Can you say these words in another way? 你能用另一种方法说出这些单词吗？
Lesson 21: The Fable of the Woodcutter
I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
fable, woodcutter, axe, spirit, dive, admit, fetch, silver, policy
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) She listened to the woodcutter and felt sorry for him.
2) The man looked at the gold axe, knowing it wasn’t his.
3) The spirit went down a third time and returned with the woodcutter’s old axe.
4) The spirit was so happy with the woodcutter’s honesty that she gave him the other two axes as presents.
Language Points:
1. spirit
【用法】作可数名词，意为“精灵”，复数形式是spirits。
【举例】They all call her the little spirit. 他们都把她叫做小精灵。
【用法】作不可数名词，意为“精神”。
【举例】We should learn this spirit in our work. 我们应该在工作中学习这种精神。
2. She listened to the woodcutter and felt sorry for him. 她听了伐木人的话，对他感到很抱歉。
【用法】句式feel sorry for意为“对……感到抱歉、遗憾、后悔”，后加名词、代词、动名词作介词for的宾语。
【举例】①She felt really sorry for that matter. 她对那件事情感到很后悔。②We felt sorry for what we had done. 我们对我们所做的事情感到抱歉。
3. The man looked at the gold axe, knowing it wasn’t his. 那个人看了看这把金斧子，他知道这不是他的。
【用法】句中的knowing it wasn’t his是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。
【举例】Mr. Zhang walked into the classroom, holding two books in his hand. 张先生手里拿着两本书走进了教室。
Lesson 22: The Giant (I) I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
giant, loud, frightened, lie, awake, musician
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) Its trees were filled with singing birds.
2) One day as the children were playing, a giant appeared.
3) The green grass was covered with snow.
4) He thought it must be the king’s musicians passing by.
Language Points:
1. lie
【用法】作不及物动词，意为“躺、平放、位于、撒谎”，注意，作“撒谎”讲时，过去式、过去分词是lied, lied，作其他含义讲时，过去式、过去分词是lay, lain；它的现在分词都是lying。
【举例】①Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。②She lied to us again. Did you think so? 她对我们又撒谎了。你这样认为吗？
【用法】作可数名词，意为“谎言”，短语tell a lie意为“撒谎”。
【举例】Why did he tell lies this time? 这一次他为什么要撒谎？
2. Its trees were filled with singing birds. 树上都是鸟儿在歌唱。
【用法】句中的be filled with 意为“充满”，其中的filled 是动词fill的过去分词起形容词作用，用在系词be后作表语，介词with 加上名词或代词后作状语。在意义上与be full of 同义。
【举例】The basket is filled with fresh flowers. 篮子里装满了鲜花。
3. He thought it must be the king’s musicians passing by. 他想这一定是国王的乐师在这里经过。
【用法】情态动词must 加上动词原形表示肯定推测的含义。
【举例】He wasn’t in the classroom. He must play on the playground. 他没在教室里。他一定在操场上玩呢。
【拓展】情态动词can’t加上动词原形表示否定推测的含义。
【举例】She can’t be in Washington because I saw her here just now. 她不可能去华盛顿了，因为刚才我在这里还见到了她。
Lesson 23: The Giant (II) I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
softly, scene, selfish, knock, spread, neck, wicked
giant, loud, frightened, lie, awake, musician
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) The giant made a decision and went out to his garden.
2) But one little boy did not run because he did not see this giant coming.
3) At once the tree broke out in blossoms.
4) Along with them came the spring.
Language Points:
1. But one little boy did not run because he did not see this giant coming. 但有个小男孩没有跑因为他没有看到巨人走过来。
【用法】句式see somebody doing something 表示“看到某人正做某事”，所指动作正在进行；而句式see somebody do something 表示 “看到某人做了某事”，所指动词已经完成。类似这种用法的动词还有hear, feel, notice, watch 等。
【举例】①I saw him come and go upstairs. 我看到他回来到楼上去了。②We heard her singing an English song when we walked past her room. 当我们路过她的房间的时候听到她正在唱一首英文歌曲。
2. Along with them came the spring. 春天和他们一起来了。
【用法】这是一个倒装句式，伴随状语along with them放在句首起强调作用，然后是谓语动词，最后是主语。
【举例】Away with me went upstairs. 和我一起到楼上去了。
【应用】根据所给汉语完成句子，每空一词。
Lesson 24: Writing a Poem I. Learning aims:
Master the new words:
fairy tale, character, plot, humorous, stair
II. Learning important and difficult points:
1) We learned to write stories and poems this week.
2) I like reading stories, but I think they are very hard to write.
3) Jenny thinks stories are easier to write than poems, but I don’t think so.
4) But it was too hard to write than poem!
Language Points:
课时目标
1. We learned to write stories and poems this week. 这个星期我们学习些故事和诗歌了。
【用法】在下列动词后往往加不定式作宾语：want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, try, agree, know, learn, promise, refuse, decide等。
【举例】①She refused to leave with us. 她拒绝和我们一起走。②My parents promised to buy a computer for me. 我的父母答应给我买一台计算机。
2. I like reading stories, but I think they are very hard to write. 我喜欢读故事，但我认为它们很难写。
【用法】系词be 加上形容词后再加不定式表示“很……做某事”，其中的不定式作状语。
【举例】English is easy to learn. Do you think so? 英语容易学。你认为这样吗？
每个人都有梦想，但是对于梦想，每个人都是不一样，梦想或大或小，它的力量确是不容小视的。
Everybody has a dream
For most people, from independence to independence is the longest process in life. As for them, whether the dream will come true matters, it is that they do not try it.
Some years ago I took on a task to work with people on public welfare (公共福利). What I wanted to do was to show that everybody has the ability (能力) to support themselves, and all we had to do was activate them.
The first thing I said after I shook hands with everybody was, “I’d like to know what your dreams are.” Everyone looked at me with a surprise and answered, “ we don’t have dream.” I said, “Well, when you were a kid, what happened? Wasn’t there something you wanted to do?
Then a woman said that she had six kids and she would like to be a secretary. After talking with her neighbors, she could start dreaming with smile because the neighbor would like to take care of kids. Now she can first go to the community college to get some training. A plan was created and the woman went to school.
These small steps began to get people to see and feel that something really could happen. That helped the group to begin to dream. Then I asked other people about their dreams. In the end, everyone found something. The woman’s neighbor became a babysitter (临时保姆) the children’s mother became a secretary. In 12 weeks I had all those people off public welfare.
Be happy
“The days that make us happy make us wise.”
—John Mansfield
When I first read this line by the English Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Mansfield mean? Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception.
Active happiness—not mere satisfaction or contentment—often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener, bird songs are sweeter, and the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable.
Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision.
Nor are the insights of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional woes, your vision is cut short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles.
The long vista is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you----people, thoughts, emotions, pressures----are now fitted into the large scene.
Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom.
Unit 4 重点句式专练
I. 根据所给汉语完成句子，每空一词。
1. 他们还没有告诉什么时候动身去北京。
They haven’t told us _____________ ___________ ____________ for Beijing.
2. 如果你考虑一下这个问题，你就会想出办法来。
If you ___________ __________ this question, you will __________ ________ __________ the way.
3. 我们在商店里买了一些我们需要的东西。
We bought _____________ __________ ____________ __________ in the store.
4. 我们能用英语唱这首歌曲。
We can sing this song ___________ ____________.
5. 孩子们边说边笑走出了房间。
The children walked out of the room, __________ _________ ___________.
6. 你父亲工作了一整天了。他一定很累了。
Your father worked all day long. He ____________ ___________ ___________.
7. 刚才他看到李红正在和朋友们一起放风筝。
He saw Li Hong _____________ ___________ with her friends just now.
8. 和我们一起到河里游泳吧！
___________ ____________ ___________ swim in the river!
9. 他们正学着在真正的冰上滑冰。
They are ___________ __________ ___________ on real ice.
10. 这些事情很难相信，是吗？
These things are ___________ ________ _________, is that so?
II. 从方框中选择适当的句子将对话补充完整。
A: Why don’t you look happy, Rose?
B: (1)_____________________ I can hardly pass the exam every time. I really don’t know what to do.
A: Don’t worry. (2)______________________
B: No, I only read English before the exam.
A: (3)__________________ If you want to study English well, you must practice reading every day. May I know what you are going to do from now on?
B: I’d like to take your advice and try to practice reading English every day. (4)_____________
A: All right, I’d like to. But in fact I also have some trouble with my English. Let’s help each other.
B: OK. (5)___________________
A. Will you help me with it?
B. Do you read English every day?
C. Because I have a lot of trouble with my English.
D. Oh, that’s it.
E. Let’s make progress together.
III. 下列每句话中有一处错误，请找出来并加以改正。
1. Every of us likes reading this poem.
_________________________________________________________________
2. Can you follow her does the same thing again?
_________________________________________________________________
3. I wish I will fly to the moon by spaceship someday.
_________________________________________________________________
4. She had to copy the poem for a second time, hadn’t she?
_________________________________________________________________
5. Do you know how many words does this poem have?
_________________________________________________________________
Unit 4 重点句式专练：
I. 1. when to leave 2. come up with 3. something that we need 4. in English 5. talking and laughing 6. must be tired 7. flying kites 8. Along with us 9. learning to skate 10. hard to believe
II. 1—5 CBDAE
III. 1. Every改为Each 2. does改为to do 3. will改为would 4. hadn’t改为didn’t 5. does this poem have改为this poem has
Unit 4 重点单词和短语讲后练
单词练习
根据括号中所给汉语用适当的词语填空。
1. Please read _____________（出声地）, or I can’t hear you.
2. Mr. Zhou’s new poem only has ten __________（行）.
3. How about _______________（陈述）your idea to us?
4. There are two funny ___________（精灵）in this fable.
5. Gold is much more expensive than _____________（银）.
6. Look! The children are ____________（躺）on the grass now.
7. She slept for a long time and now she is ___________ (醒着的).
8. Some famous _________（音乐家）will give a concert in our city.
9. His ____________（脖子）is much longer than mine.
10. That book is very _____________ （幽默的). Do you think so?
短语练习
从方框中选择适当的短语并用其适当形式填空。
a number of, be filled with, compare … with …, knock at, feel sorry for
1. They often ______________ our childhood __________ theirs.
2. They saw ____________________ children were flying kites in the park.
3. I __________________ my words. Please give me another chance.
4. This box ___________________ apples. Would you like some?
5. Did you ______________ the door just now? I heard some noise.
单词练习
1. aloud 2. lines 3. stating 4. spirits 5. silver 6. lying 7. awake 8. musicians 9. neck 10. humorous
短语练习
1. compare … with 2. a number of 3. felt sorry for 4. is filled with 5. knock at
过去进行时的用法小练（上）
I. 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We ____________ in the classroom at nine this morning. (study)
2. I ______________ clothes when someone knocked at the door. (wash)
3. When Harry ___________ breakfast, Lily called her for help. (have)
4. What __________ you _________ at this time yesterday afternoon? (do)
5. Li Ming ____________ a letter to his friend at eight o’clock yesterday evening. (write)
6. It was four. The students ____________ games on the playground. (play)
7. When I ___________ to school this morning, I saw a car running into a bus. (go)
8. They ___________ in the room from eight to ten yesterday morning. (sing)
II. 根据所给的汉语完成句子，每空一词。
1. 丹尼一直工作了一整天。
Danny ____________ ___________ all day long.
2. 昨天晚上这个时候天没有下雨。
It ____________ _________ at this time last night.
3. 你们今天上午八点钟在上课吗？
___________ _________ _________ class at eight this morning?
4. 我妈妈看报纸的时候，我在做风筝。
While my mother _________ ________ the newspaper, I _________ _______ a kite.
5. 他们今天下午两点钟在做什么？
What __________ __________ _________ at two o’clock this afternoon?
6. 学生们从三点到四点一直在进行锻炼。
The students ____________ ___________ exercises from three to four.
7. 我们等了你们一上午，但你们没来。
We __________ _________ for you all the morning, but you didn’t come.
8. 你姐姐昨天晚上八点钟跳舞了吗？
_________ your sister ____________ at eight yesterday evening?
过去进行时的用法（上）：
I. 1. were studying 2. was washing 3. was having 4. were, doing 5. was writing 6. were playing 7.was going 8. were singing
II. 1. was working 2. wasn’t raining 3. Were you having 4. was reading, was making 5. were they doing 6. were taking 7.were waiting 8. Was, dancing
过去进行时的用法小练（下）
I. 用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. Li Ming ____________in Canada last year and he will go there next month. (study)
2. Danny ____________ a model plane when the light went out. (make)
3. The teachers and their students ___________ a lot of trees in the park the day before yesterday. (plant)
4. __________ you _________ games with your friends at four o’clock last Sunday afternoon? (play)
5. Zhang Hong __________ all the candles a moment ago. (light)
6. While I ____________ the door, Jenny suddenly walked in. (close)
7. Liu Ling told us she ____________ home the next morning. (arrive)
8. _________ you _________ the hill with your friends yesterday? (climb)
II. 根据所给的汉语用适当的词语完成句子。
1. 三年前他们住在这里吗？
__________ __________ __________ here three years ago?
2. 我看电视的时候，李明在看报纸。
When I _________ __________ TV, Li Ming __________ _________ the newspaper.
3. 托尼昨天从图书馆借了两本书。
Tony ___________ two books from the library yesterday.
4. 今天上午九点钟她妹妹在浇花。
Her sister ___________ __________ flowers at nine this morning.
5. 上个月你们参观历史博物馆了吗？
__________ ________ ___________ the History Museum last month?
6. 她刚才装满了多少个瓶子？
How many bottles ___________ ___________ ___________ just now?
7. 当我走进房间时他们正藏在门后面呢。
When I walked into the room, they ___________ __________ behind the door.
8. 她小时候很怕狗。
She ____________ dogs very much when she was young.
过去进行时的用法小练（下）：
I. 1. studied 2. was making 3. planted 4. Were, playing 5. lighted 6. was closing 7. was arriving 8. Did, climb
II. 1. Did they live 2. was watching, was reading 3. borrowed 4. was watering 5. Did you visit 6. did he fill 7. were hiding 8. feared
Unit 4 易混淆词语练习
I. 选词填空。
A. much too, too much, too many
1. I’m afraid that I’ve given you _________ trouble.
2. Today, __________ trees are still being cut down in the world.
3. It’s _________ cold outside. You’d better put on your coat.
B. aloud, loud, loudly
4. In the school library, you shouldn’t read __________.
5. Don’t you think his radio is too?__________?
6. ?They are talking?__________?there and he was not happy.
7. Don’t make?__________?noise here. Everyone is listening to the teacher.
II. 单项选择。
( ) 1. He?eats?________ food,?so?he?is ________ fat.?
A.?too?many; too?much? ?B.?too?much;?much?too
C.?too?much; too?much? D.?too?many; much?too?
( ) 2. Suddenly the bell on the wall rang ________.
A. aloud B. aloudly C. loud D. loudly
( ) 3. He can’t hear because there is _________ noise here.
A. very much B. too much C. too many D. much too
( ) 4. The sweater is very beautiful. But it’s ________ dear.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. more
III. 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. 有人大声敲门。
Someone knocked _______ at the door.?
2. 老师叫他不要花太多时间玩游戏。
The teacher told him not to spend _______ _______ _______ playing games.
3. 你说话声音大一点好吗？
Can you talk a little ________??
4. 你走得太快了，慢点。
You’re walking _______ _______ fast. Slow down
5. 请你把信念出来，让大家都能听见。?
Please read the letter so _______ that everybody can hear.?
Unit 4 易混淆词语练习：
I. A.1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
B. 4.aloud 5.loud 6.loudly 7.loud
II. 1—4 BDBB
III. 1.?loudly 2. too much time 3. louder 4. much too 5. aloud
