Module 1 British and American English
TEACHING PLAN
Content：Module 1 Briti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sh and American English [senior 2, New standard English]
Working group:
题材内容
本模块介绍美式英语和英式英语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的各方面的确区别，内容紧密结合学生所学语言知识现象，具体讲述二者区别，比较形象直观。教学中应根据学校、班级、和学生实际情况，灵活掌握教学过程，组织教学内容。
教学目标
语言知识：
语音 -英式英语和美式英语发音的不同之处。
词汇 obvious,undergro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und motorway,queue,confusing,compare,omit ,variety,remark,steadily,satellite,flick,switch,structure,…
词组 get around,be similar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to,lead to,have difficulty in doing sth. In favour of, refer to, thanks to,make a difference,have…in common,get used to,pick up ,wear off,make fuss of someone,so far,a couple of,the time of Shakespear…
语法 复习动词时态的不同用法：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时正在进行等……
功能 表达态度（attitude）和感情（emotions）。
话题 介绍美式英语和英式英语的各方面的区别
语言技能：
听 听懂有关英语语言介绍的内容获取信息；听懂其他材料介绍有关语言的材料并获取信息；识别所学生词、词语.
说 能说出EVERYDAY ENGLISH ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )介绍的各种日常用语的表达方式；熟练的介绍美式英语和英式英语的各方面的区别情况；流利的说出含有本模块生词、短语的句子和段落。
读 阅读技能训练
写 自如的写出有关汉语情况的文章
学习策略
学习一定程度形成自主学习，有效交际、信息处理、英语思维能力。
认知 联系，归纳，推测，速读，略读，查读等技能
调控 从同伴处得到反馈，对自己在叙述及作文中的错误进行修改
交际 学习EVERYDAY ENGLISH AND FUNCTION运用恰当词语使对话生动形象.
资源 通过其他资源获取更多介绍英美等方面的信息。
文化意识：
交际技巧 了解英语交际中如何根据对方的话语做出恰当的反应。
中外对比 了解美式英语和英式英语的各方面的区别的大致情况；通过对比，思考我们母语方言的差异.。
情感技巧
热爱祖国和珍惜母语并发扬光大.参加各种英语活动，克服困难,锻炼自己用英语交际的能力.为祖国的发展,民族的融合,世界人民的团结贡献自己力量.
教学重点和难点
重点：1．如何使用地道的英语象同学们介绍自己的观点.。
2．正确理解并应用动词的各种时态.。
3．礼貌的进行日常对话。
难点：能用得体的英语介绍汉语的情况。
教学方法
基于课程改革的理念及“第二语言习得 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )论”和“整体语言教学”理论，运用任务型教学途径，围绕核心任务，设定小任务，开展促进自主性学习得课堂活动，强调合作探究与独立思考相结合，初步设计“P—T—P”自主学习立体模式：pre-task…task-cycle…post-task。
教材处理
核心任务：学生能通过查阅网站,杂志等对比;两种英语杂志的区别。三个环节如下：
pre-task：学生查阅资料，上网等，激活背景知识，了解英美风情，引入话题。
task –cycle：通过整个模块的听说读写的训练，强化“描述事物之间区别”的表达能力，为完成任务做好铺垫
post-task）：达成任务，展示成果，反馈学习情况
教材安排
根据学生学习英语的特点和规律，我们把本模块划分为5课时：
Period 1:Introduction & vocabulary & Listening
Period 2:Reading and Speaking
Period 3:Function and Everyday English &Grammar 1.
Period 4:Speaking &Writing
Period 5:Cultrual Corner &Task &Module File
注：教学设计内容较多，应根据学生的学、接受程度及课堂出现的临时状况进行运用、调整及筛选。
『教学设计』
Period 1:Introduction& vocabulary & Listening
Teaching Content: Period 1:Introduction & vocabulary& Listening .
Teaching Aims and Demands:
1. Language Knowledge
New words: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )linguist,accent,linguistics,edition,have…in common,make a difference
2. Listening skill
Improve the students’ listening ability.
3.Affection and attitudes: Learn something. about exchange programmesForm positive attitudes towards the communications of the people in the world.
Learning strategies:
Read the quotations and emails and listening to the tape.
Teaching Aids:Multi-Media
Teaching Procedures:
Part I: Introduction
Task:Read the quota ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions and emails.learn sth,about exchange programmes.
Step One:Lead into the topic.
Directions:
1. Talk about traveling.
2.Introduce them to the English language.
3.Disscuss the importance of Engllish.
Step Two: Read the quotations and answer the questions.
Directions:
1.Ss read the quo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tations and answer the questions by themselves in activity 1.
2. The teacher giv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es questions and the Ss are divided into groups and answer quickly.The groups which answer most questions will be rewarded.
Step three:Read the emails in activity 2 on page1
Directions:1.The st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udents read the emails and say what the writers have in common.
2.If they have any difficulties ,they can ask the teacher.
Part II:Vocabulary
Task:Rewrite the sentences using the British words
Directions:
Step one:Match the British and American words and phases in the box..
Step two: As ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k the students to read their answers out and compare with their partners.
Step three:Rewrite the sentences using British words. .
Step four: Summarize: and Practice:
Part III: Listening and Vocabulary
Task:Obtain and deal with information by Listening
Step one:Lead in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and prepare background knowledge for the target material
Directions:
1. Have a competition to do activity 1on page5.
Possible answer: (Teacher’s Book)
2. The teach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er leads in activity 2 ,saying:We have learened these words .
Can you use them correctly Let’s fill the blanks.Let`s see who can finish them as soon as possible.
3. Discuss “Can y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou guess what we will listen to ” Then do activity 3
Step two:Presentation .
Listen to the target language :
Play the cassett ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e for the first time and have the students listen.Check your answers above.
Play again to ans ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wer the quesrions.Make notes if necessary .( Activity 4)
Have the students compare the answer in pairs .
Play the tape a third time for a final check .
Check notes with the teacher.
Part IV:Homework
Do Ex 13 and 14 on page 71 in the Workbook.
Period 2:Reading and Vocabulary
Teaching Content:Reading and Vocabulary
Teaching Aims and Demands:
Language knowledge:
New words: ob ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vious,underground motorway,queue,confusing,compare,omit ,variety,remark,steadily,
Reading skill:U ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nderstanding how to express differences between 2 things.
Affection and attitudes:
Learn the differences between British English and American English.
Form positive attitud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es towards the communications of the countries in the world ,learn to understand each other.
Learning strategies:
Learn how to express differences between 2 things.
Summing up the uses of the verbs.
Cultural awareness:
Getting prepared for the comparison of main varieties of Chinese.
Getting prepared f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or the comparison of 2 English language newspapers,such as :The Guandian and USA Today.
Teaching Aids:Multi-Media
Teaching Procedures:
Part I:Revision
Help student ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to revise what is learnt in Period one of this module by filling the blanks:
We have real ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly everything in _____________with American nowdays,__________of course,language.
American and England are 2 countries ________by a common language.
3.It doesn`t make ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much of a ___________wether a teacher speakes British ____American English.
Part II:Pre-reading activities
Lead in the study o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f the text by carrying out the following activities
1,Do you like travlling
Have you ever been to the other countries
What do you know about Britain\American
(Ask students to speak out as many as they can)
2.What’s the difference between the UK and the USA (The teacher can show the Ss some picture.)
(Ask the Ss to write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) down the differences and check with their partner)
Part III:Reading for main idea
Help students to gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )asp the main idea of the text by doing the task .
Read the passage amd f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ind 4 ways in which British and American English are different.
Read the passag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e and complete the sentences with the words or phases in activity 3 on page 3.
Part IV:Reading for detailed information
Read the text again and fill in the form.(The form is on the next page)
What is the trend
According to the answers ,write some key words in the form..Then the teacher and students retell the text according to the key words in the form.
Differences British Englisn American English
Vocabulary
Gramma
Spelling
Pronunciation
Part V:Dealing with expressions
Read the text again and do exercises 7 in the workbook
Pay attention to these sentences
As a tourist you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )will need to use underground in London or the subway in New York, or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi or cab.
I`d prefer to go to Japan.
I prefer walking to cyckling.
He prefer us to see him as soon as possible.
I prefer to go to the cinema rather than stay at home.
Discussion : Can you find out the structure
b.A Londoner h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.
Do you have any difficulty in understanding spoken English
have (no\a little \much\great)difficulty in doingsth.
have trouble in doing sth.
have a hard time in doing sth.
Questions : Do you understand these sentences
Part VI:Language use
Discuss the following questions in pairs:
How many main varieties of Chinese are there
In what ways are they different
Do Chinese people from different regions have problems understanding each other
What will happen to Chinese in the future
Part VII:Homework:
Exercise .8.9.10 in the WB.
(Give the students som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e time to recall what they’ve learned in this class)
First think by themse ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lves Then discuss in pairs and finally in pairs and finally share in class.
Part VIII:A test
Retell the text.
Period 3: Grammar 1& Function and Everyday English
Teaching Content: Grammar 1& Function and Everyday English
Teaching Aims and Demands: Master the grammar and use them freely
Affection and attitude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s: Learn the differences between British English and American English.
Form positive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attitudes towards the communications of the countries in the world ,learn to understand each other.
Learning strategies:
Learn how to express o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne’s opinion using the phrases that we have learned.
Summing up the uses of the verbs.
Cultural awareness:
1.Getting prepared for the comparison of main varieties of Chinese.
2.Getting pre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pared for the comparison of 2 English language newspapers,such as :The Guandian and USA Today.
Teaching Aids:Multi-Media
Teaching Procedures:
Part I:Grammar 1
Task 1:Find out the uses of the verbs. rules of the tenses
Activity 1. Match the sentences with the correct meanings.
Activity2:complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
Activity3:Tell the uses of the verbs. rules of the tenses
Complete the sentences in your own words.
Observe, compare and find out the rules.
【NMET.2001】：I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )____ping-pang quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year .
A will play B have played C played D play
【北京春招2000】：_You’re drinking too much.
_Only at home .No one ________me but you.
is seeing B had seen C sees D saw
The Present Simple Tense
The Present Continuous Tense
The Presen Perfect Tense
The Simple Past Tense
The Future Tense
Part III:Everyday English
Task:Use the phrases freely.
Directions:
Step one:
Remind the students of the expressions that we have learned.
Step two:Ask the students to remember them .
Step three:Speaking practice:
Have a conversation using some of the phrases.
Part IV:Function
Task: Giving reasons
Directions:
Step one:Underline the words which introduce reasons.
Step two:Answer the questions.
Step three:complete the sentences with because\since\as or now that.
Part V: A test
Complete the messages with the correct form of the verbs.
Hi Mum,
Hope you__________(be) well.I ________(have) a lovely time in New York.Tomorrow we___________ (go) to see the fireworks.It`s hard to understand the accent here,but it ________(get) easier ,as I _________(be) here for 3 weeks. Next week we _________(fly) to Mexico where they ________(speak) no English at all,just Spanish.I __________(Spend) nearly all the money you gave me!
Love ,Xiao Ping
Part V:Homework:
Do EX 1、2、3.4 on Page 67 in the workbook.
Period 4: Speaking &Writing
Teaching Content: Speaking &Writing
Teaching Aims and De ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mands: Master the sentence patterns and use them freely
Speaking skill : Learn how to comkpare 2 things.
Teaching Procedures:
Part I::Speaking
Task: P resent y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )our ideas about the comparison of different varieties of English
Direction:
Step one: I can lead in saying” what have you learned ”
What’s the topic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(Give them the topic) Present your ideas about the comparison of different varieties of English
Step two:
1) List the words which may be used for this topic.
2) Students may make some sentences about this topic using the words.
3) Translate s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome sentences which are all about the topic .
Give them some suggestions.
Thus they will form a passage.
4) Ask and answer questions about the passage.
Step three:Talk about the similarities or differences about different varieties of English
Using the passage as a model.
Step four:Now vo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te for the variety of English you think is best to learn.
Part II: Writing
Task: White 3 more paragraphs about the Chinese language..
Step one:Lead in choosing the best title for the paragraph.
Can you say sth.more about the Chinese language.
Step two:Give the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Ss some topics as paragraph headings and ask them to White 3 more paragraphs about the Chinese language.
(Pay attention to the sentence patterns)
Step three: ____Evaluation by oneself & partner
Step four: ____Read it out before the class.
Part III:Recalling
Recall what we learn today.
Part IV:Homework: Composition
Do EX 17 on Page 72 in the workbook.
Period 5： Cultrual Corner &Task &Module File
Teaching Content: Cultrual Corner &Task &Module File
Teaching Aims and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Demands: Master the sentence patterns and use them freely
Teaching Procedures:
Part I: Cultural corner
Task:Read the passage.
Directions:
Step one:Lead in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )saying“We have learnt the differences between British English and American English .Have you master them . Do you know other things about English ”Now read the letter.
Step two:Students read through the passage and answer the questions:
What reasons did Websster have for writing an American dictionary
Can you see any si ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )milarities between Webster`s work and attempts to simplify Chinese
PartII: Module File
Step one: Key words form vocabulary:
1.variety
There are many varieties of roses in our garden.
a variety of = various
There are various fishes in the deep ocean.
2.compare
compare A with B
compare A to B
compare with \to
If you compare th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is thing with that thing, you will find many differences.
He compare his shoes to small boats.
His work doesn`t compare with yours.
(2004年湖北考题)_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________with the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
Compare
When comparing
Comparing
When sompared
3。queu
jump the queu
stand in a queu =stand in line
A number of people are queuing up to buy the Haier fridge.
There are a long queue outside the canteen.
4. adopt
adopt a resolution
adopt a child
As they haven ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )`t a child of their own, they are going to ___________a little child.
A .adopt
B adapt
C. ccept
D .receive.
5. combination
combine vt.
combine with
be combined in
be combined with
Step two: words to revise
floor
the ground floor the first floor
floor price
floor an examination paper
On which floor do you live
garbage
garbage can
household garbage
fall
a sharp fall of temperature
Fall behind
Fall in , men!
Fall out , men!
Night falls.
----It`s weeks since he___________.
----So it is. We`d better ask someone else to help us.
fell in
was ill
is ill
has been ill
Step three: Key Phrases
be similar to
get around
have difficulty in doing
have …in common
in favour of
lead to
make a difference
refer to…as…
thanks to
Step four: Key patterns:
Have you got…
Do you have…
Americans use a flashlight ,while for the British,it`s a torch.
How are you getting on
British and American English are different in many ways.
Part III: Recalling
Recall what we learned today.
Part IV: Homework Recite the phrases and sentence patterns .The History of English
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
This is Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO:
And this is Shir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ley Griffith. Today we present the second of our two programs about the history of the English Language.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
Last week, we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) told how the English language developed as a result of several invasions of Britain. The first involved three tribes called the Angles, the Jutes and the Saxons. A mix of their languages produced a language called Anglo-Saxon, or Old English. It sounded very much like German. Only a few words remained from the Celts who had lived in Britain.
Two more invasions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) added words to Old English. The Vikings of Denmark, Norway and Sweden arrived in Britain more than one thousand years ago. The next invasion took place in the year ten sixty-six. French forces from Normandy were led by a man known as William the Conqueror.
The Norman rul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers added many words to English. The words “parliament, “jury, “justice, and others that deal with law come from the Norman rulers.
VOICE TWO:
Over time, the differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent languages combined to result in what English experts call Middle English. While Middle English still sounds similar to German, it also begins to sound like Modern English.
VOICE TWO(cont):
Here Warren Sc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heer reads the very beginning of Geoffrey Chaucer’s great poem, “The Canterbury Tales as it was written in Middle English.
(“The Canterbury Tales
VOICE ONE:
Chaucer wrote t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat poem in the late thirteen hundreds. It was written in the language of the people. The rulers of Britain at that time still spoke the Norman French they brought with them in ten sixty-six.
The kings of Brita ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in did not speak the language of the people until the early fourteen hundreds. Slowly, Norman French was used less and less until it disappeared.
VOICE TWO:
The English langu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )age was strongly influenced by an event that took place more than one thousand four hundred years ago. In the year five ninety-seven, the Roman Catholic Church began its attempt to make Christianity the religion of Britain.
The language of the C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atholic Church was Latin. Latin was not spoken as a language in any country at that time. But it was still used by some people.
Latin made it pos ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sible for a church member from Rome to speak to a church member from Britain. Educated people from different countries could communicate using Latin.
Latin had a great a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ffect on the English language. Here are a few examples. The Latin word “discus became several words in English including “disk, “dish, and “desk. nbsp; The Latin word “quietus became the English word “quiet. nbsp; Some English names of plants such as ginger and trees such as cedar come from Latin. So do some medical words such as cancer.
VOICE ONE:
English is a lit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tle like a living thing that continues to grow. English began to grow more quickly when William Caxton returned to Britain in the year fourteen seventy-six. He had been in Holland and other areas of Europe where he had learned printing. He returned to Britain with the first printing press.
The printing press ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) made it possible for almost anyone to buy a book. It helped spread education and the English language.
VOICE TWO:
Slowly, durin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g the fifteen hundreds English became the modern language we would recognize. English speakers today would be able to communicate with English speakers in the last part of the Sixteenth Century.
It was during this tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e period that the greatest writer in English produced his work. His name was William Shakespeare. His plays continue to be printed, acted in theaters, and seen in motion pictures almost four hundred years after his death.
VOICE ONE:
Experts say that Sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )akespeare’s work was written to be performed on the stage, not to be read. Yet every sound of his words can produce word pictures, and provide feelings of anger, fear, and laughter. Shakespeare’s famous play “Romeo and Juliet is so sad that people cry when they see this famous story.
The story of the powe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r hungry King Richard the Third is another very popular play by Shakespeare. Listen as Shep O’Neal reads the beginning, of “Richard the Third. /P>
("RICHARD THE THIRD")
VOICE TWO:
The development of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) English language took a giant step just nine years before the death of William Shakespeare. Three small British ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean in sixteen-oh-seven. They landed in an area that would later become the southern American state of Virginia. They began the first of several British colonies. The name of the first small colony was Jamestown.
VOICE TWO(cont):
In time, people in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )these new colonies began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people they found living there. For example, many of the great rivers in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. Other Native American words included “moccasin the kind of shoe made of animal skin that Indians wore on their feet. This borrowing or adding of foreign words to English was a way of expanding the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin’s-day became Wednesday in English, Thor’s-day became Thursday and Freya’s-day became Friday.
VOICE ONE:
Britain had ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other colonies in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and India. The English language also became part of these colonies. These colonies are now independent, but English still is one of the languages spoken. And the English language grew as words from the native languages were added.
For example, the wo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd “shampoo for soap for the hair came from India. “Banana is believed to be from Africa.
Experts cannot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) explain many English words. For hundreds of years, a dog was called a “hound. nbsp; The word is still used but not as commonly as the word “dog. nbsp; Experts do not know where the word “dog came from or when. English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins are unknown include “fun, “bad, and “big. /P>
VOICE TWO:
English spea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kers also continue to invent new words by linking old words together. A good example is the words “motor and “hotel. nbsp; Many years ago some one linked them together into the word “motel. nbsp; A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.
Other words ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come from the first letters of names of groups or devices. A device to find objects that cannot be seen called Radio Detecting and Ranging became “Radar. nbsp; The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.
VOICE TWO(cont):
Experts say that Engli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sh has more words that explain the same thing that any other language. For example, the words “large, “huge, “vast, “massive, and “enormous all mean something really “big.
VOICE ONE:
People often ask ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w many words there are in the English language. Well, no one really knows. The Oxford English Dictionary lists about six hundred fifteen thousand words. Yet the many scientific words not in the dictionary could increase the number to almost one million.
And experts are never ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )really sure how to count English words. For example, the word “mouse. nbsp; A mouse is a small creature from the rodent family. But “mouse has another very different meaning. A “mouse is also a hand-held device used to help control a computer. If you are counting words do you count “mouse two times
(MUSIC)
VOICE TWO:
Visitors to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he Voice of America hear people speaking more than forty different languages. Most broadcasters at VOA come from countries where these languages are spoken. International organizations such as VOA would find it impossible to operate without a second language all the people speak.
The language ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that permits VOA to work is English. It is not unusual to see someone from the Mandarin Service talking to someone from the Urdu Service, both speaking English. English is becoming the common language of millions of people worldwide, helping speakers of many different languages communicate.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
This Special English p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rogram was written and produced by Paul Thompson. This is Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO:
And this is Shirley Griffith.(共20张PPT)
(Module 1)
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING
外研版 高二（上）
Listening to the 1st part Listen and complete the passage.
Hello, and welcome to today’s edition of In the air. As you know, every week on this programme we discuss an aspect of the way we __1____ now, and today’s topic is the language we ___2____-English. So that’s something which affects us all. The question is,what’s going to ___3___ to the way we speak English in the future Are we all going to speak like Americans
live
speak
happen
Or will British English continue to __4____ Later on we’re going to _5___ you to phone in and __6___ your views on the subject, but first we’re going to __7___ to two young people, one American, and one British, who have spent time on an educational exchange in the other’s country. We __8___ they will have some
interestig ideas on the subject.
exist
ask
give
talk
think
Listen to the interview and fill the form below.
Who Do
found the local accent difficult to understand.
didn’t find the local accent difficult to understand.
gets on well with other students.
played in a school sports team.
Samantha
Callum
Samantha
Callum
Who Do
discovered a lively music scene.
enjoyed the end-of-year dance.
thinks everyone will speak American English one day.
thinks it’s only natural that there are lots of varieties of English.
Samantha
Callum
Callum
Samantha
Which part of the country is Samantha staying in
The north of England.
2. How long did it take her to understand what people were saying
Two month
3. What did she notice about the pronunciation of words like dance and bath
They’re the same as in American English.
4. What is the last question the interviewer asked Samantha
Do you think you’ll go home speaking with a north of England accent
5. How long did Callum spend in the US
10 months.
6. What didn’t he like about the place he stayed in
The climate
7. What did he say about the way people spoke
It was easy to understand; they spoke rather slowly.
8. What did girls like about Callum
His English accent .
1. Do you think that in the future everyone will speak American English
2. Which accent do you prefer, American accent or British accent And why
3. Do you want to be an exchange student Why What problems do you think you will meet (共19张PPT)
(Module 1)
（READING AND SPEAKING）
外研版 高二（上）
Read the passage and find the differences between British English and American English.
Read the titles and the first sentences of each paragraph and find four ways in which British and American English are different.
Vocabulary
Grammar
Spelling
pronunciation
Read again paragraph by paragraph and make notes of the differences.
The first two paragraphs: the differences in vocabulary
British English American English
cars
freeway
gas
underground
taxi
torch
stand in line
chips
automobiles
motorway
petrol
subway
cab
flashlight
queue up
French fries
British English American English
Have you got…
My friend just arrived.
in the team/ at the weekend
write me soon!
Do you have…
My friend has just
arrived
on the team/ weekend
Write to me soon!
The third paragraph: the differences in grammar
British English American English
spelling
pronunciation
centre, colour programme
center, color program
The 4th paragraph: the differences in spelling and pronunciation
Americans ____ understand what the British are saying.
A. Sometimes B. usually C. never
2. There are ______ differences between American and British varieties of English.
A. no B. a few C. lots of
There are ______ differences between British and American grammar.
A. no B. many C. not many
4. Television and the Internet have made it _____ for the British and Americans to understand each other.
A. harder B. easier
C. impossible
5. American spelling is _______ British spelling.
A. the same as
B. simpler than
C. harder than
6. For a Londoner, an American accent may be easier to understand than _______.
A. a Chinese accent
B. some British accents
C. a CNN newsreader
Listen to the passage and discuss the following questions.
How many main varieties of Chinese are there
In what ways are they different
3. Do Chinese people from different regions have problems understanding each other
4. What will happen to Chinese in the future
Find some information about the Chinese that people in different regions of China speak .American and British English
HOST: Differences between American and British English.
Language exper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts say that spoken English was almost the same in the American colonies and Britain. Americans began to change the sound of their speech after the Revolutionary War in seventeen seventy-six. They wanted to separate themselves from the British in language as they had separated themselves from the British government.
Some America ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n leaders proposed major changes in the language. Benjamin Franklin wanted a new system of spelling. His reforms were rejected. But his ideas influenced others. One was Noah Webster.
Webster wrote langua ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ge books for schools. He thought Americans should learn from American books. He published his first spelling book in seventeen eighty-three. Webster published The American Dictionary of the English Language in eighteen twenty-eight. It established rules for speaking and spelling the words used in American English.
Webster believed th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at British English spelling rules were too complex. So he worked to establish an American version of the English language. For example, he spelled the word "center: c-e-n-t-e-r" instead of the British spelling "c-e-n-t-r-e". He spelled the word "honor " h-o-n-o-r instead of "h-o-n-o-u-r" as it is spelled in Britain.
Noah Webster said e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )very part of a word should be spoken. That is why Americans say "sec-re-ta-ry" instead of "sec-re-t\'ry" as the British do. Webster\'s rule for saying every part of a word made American English easier for immigrants to learn. For example, they learned to say "waist-coat" the way it is spelled instead of the British "wes-kit".
The different la ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nguages of the immigrants who came to the United States also helped make American English different from British English. Many foreign words and expressions became part of English as Americans speak it.
Sometimes Ame ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ricans and British people do not understand each other because of different word meanings. For example, a "jumper" in Britain is a sweater. In the United States, it is a kind of a dress. The British word "brolly" is an "umbrella" in America. A "wastebasket" in America is a "dustbin" in Britain. French fried potatoes in the United States are called "chips" in Britain.
All these differe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nces led British writer George Bernard Shaw to joke that Britain and America are two countries separated by the same language.(共14张PPT)
(Module 1)
（VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR）
外研版 高二（上）
Look at the following words to say out what kind of English they are.
apartment autumn elevator fall first floor flashlight flat garbage gas ground floor holiday lift stand in line lorry pavement petrol queue rubbish sidewalk torch truck vacation
British English American English
flat apartment
autumn fall
lift elevator
ground floor first floor
torch flashlight
rubbish garbage
petrol gas
holiday vacation
queue up stand in line
lorry truck
pavement sidewalk
Rewrite the sentences using British words.
1. We really like going on vacation in the fall.
2. You don’t need to take the elevator. Our apartment is on the first floor.
3.Did you see that truck come out of the gas station
4.Pass me a flashlight, Eddie. I’ve lost my wallet.
lift
autumn
ground
lorry
petrol
torch
holiday
flat
Write some sentences to practise
Student A:
Write some sentences in British English and ask your partner to rewrite them in American English.
Student B:
write some sentences in American English and ask your partner to rewrite them in British English.
Do exercise 1 on page 4 and match the sentences with the correct meanings.
The British say Have you got… while Americans prefer Do you have…
Many factors have influenced American pronunciation.
Some experts believe that the two varieties are moving closer together.
Some people now believe that British English will disappear.
In the future, there are going to be many “Englishes”.
Look! The man is filling his automobile with gas.
All languages _______ over a period of time.
English _______________ very rapidly.
How many people __________ Chinese
I ___________ American English is very different from British English.
change develop speak think watch grow study
change
is developing
speak
don’t think
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
5. Millions of people _______ satellite TV every day.
6. The percentage of non-English web pages ____________.
7. What languages _____ people ____ in China
8. What ____ you _________this year
watch
is growing
do
study
are
studying
change develop speak think
watch grow study
Complete the sentences with since and for.
English grammar has not
changed much ________ the time of Shakespeare.
The American spelling system has existed ____ about 200 years.
I have been studying English ____ I was in primary school.
since
since
for
4. We have an American teacher .
He has been here _____ January.
5. CNN has been on the air _____ more than 20 year.
6. Monita Raipal has worked for CNN ______ the year 2000.
since
since
for
What is the difference between SINCE and FOR
for 是介词，而since可作介词或连接词；
for 后面跟表示时间段的结构
since后面跟表示时间点的结构
Have a good revision of today’s lesson and get more related exercise to practise.(共8张PPT)
(Module 1)
CULTURAL CORNER AND TASK
外研版 高二（上）
Differences Between American and British English
Differences (in) American English British English
Vocabulary automobile,freeway,gas car, highway, petrol
Grammar Do you have …
Write me soon. Have you got…
Write to me soon!
Spelling center, color, program centre, colour,
programme
Pronunciation Accent on the East Coast New York accent London accent
Glasgow accent
Answer the questions about Noah Webster
What was Noah Webster
Why did he feel that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American ” look
What was his first work
What is Webster best known for
How do you know his dictionary is very important
Noah Webster
Born: October 16,1758
Place: Hartford, Connecticut
Died: May 28, 1843
Place New haven, Connecticut
Character: truly remarkable shrewd, passionate, learned and energetic, God-fearing and patriotic.
Fame: author of the first American dictionary
How to learn English
Speak without Fear.
Use of your resources.
Surround yourself with English.
Listen to native speakers as much as possible.
Watch English films and television.
Listen to English music.
Study as often as possible.
Do exercises and take tests.
Record yourself.
Listen to English.
make a difference
make a difference (to sb)
make no difference ( to sb )
make some difference ( to sb )
make much difference ( to sb )
make much of a difference ( to sb )
Eg.It makes no difference whether he is rich or not.
(=It doesn’t make much of a difference whether he is rich or not.)第五册 模块一 单元测试题
听力略
单项填空
21.____________ with a crowded small house in the city, I prefer a large one in the country.
Comparing B. Being compared C. To compare D. Compared
22. Hong Kong is often ________ “the Pearl in the East.”
A known for B. referred to as C. referring to D. knowing as
23. The local ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cent that I ________ when I was in the countryside hasn’t been changed a bit.
picked up B. brought up C. made up D. got up
24. _________ you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
After B. Although C. Now that D. As soon as
25. I’ve been here ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for many years and ________ in the way the local people do.
used to live B. us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed to living C. got used to living D. got used to live
26. In the clas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s meeting, our monitor _________an announcement __________ we would have a picnic this Sunday.
A. put ; whether B. made; whether C. put; that D. made; that
27. Hundreds of workers __________if the factory closes.
lay off B. are laid of C. will lay off D. will be laid off
28. This Engli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sh learning programme has been _______ for 3 years and is popular with middle school students.
on air B. on the air C. in air D. in the air
29. Finally he got th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e ___________from her eyes; she didn’t love him any longer.
news B. message C. explanation D. expression
30. ----- Where was I
------ You _________you didn’t like your father’s job.
A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying
31. We’re going to ________ the hutongs of Beijing. Would you like to join us
A. get round B. get along C. get in D. get over
32. Professor Jordan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) gave us _______ lecture this afternoon and most of us were confused.
a more confusi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng B. more confusing a C. a most confusing D. the most confusing
33. ---- Do you _____ any difficulty ______ the subject
------ Yes. It’s too hard for me.
take; to understand B. have; in understanding
take; understanding D. have; to understand
34. In my op ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inion, Zhao Wei isn’t ________ a film star. She’s just good-looking.
much of B. more of C. something of D. a bit of
35. It’s seven o’clock now. Let’s _________ the news on CCTV 1.
A. see B. look at C. listen to D. watch
第二节 完型填空
阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项
It was pour ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing outside . We all stood there 36 , some patiently , others annoyed 37 nature messed up (弄糟) their hurried day . I got lost in the sound and sight of the heavens 38 away the dirt and dust of the world .
“Mom , let’s run through the rain,” a girl’s voice 39 me .
“No, honey . We’ll wait until it 40 down a bit,” Mom replied .
The young girl waited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) about another minute and 41 : “Mom , let’s run through the rain .”
“We’ll get wet if we do,” Mom said .
“No , we won’t , Mom. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) That’s not what you said this morning ,” the young girl said as she 42 her Mom’s arm .
“This morning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 43 did I say we could run through the rain and not get wet ”
“Don’t you remember ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer , you said ,” If God can get us through this , he can get us through 44 .”
The entire crowd turned 45 . Mom paused and thought for a moment about 46 she would say . Now some would laugh it off and scold her for being 47 . But then we heard , “Honey , you are 48 . Let’s run through the rain . If we get wet , maybe we just need washing ,” Mom said . Then 49 they ran .
We all stood 50 , smiling and laughing as they ran past the cars . Yes , they got wet . But they were 51 by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the 52 to their cars . Circumstances (境况) or people can take away your material possessions , and they can even take away your 53 . But no one can ever take away your precious 54 . So, don’t forget to make time and take the 55 to make memories every day ! I hope you still take the time to run through the rain .
36．A．talking B．waiting C．complaining D．expecting
37．A．as if B．even if C．because D．when
38．A．taking B．putting C．driving D．washing
39．A．caught B．broke C．impressed D．called
40．A．slows B．comes C．pushes D．calms
41．A．asked B．repeated C．required D．added
42．A．pulled B．touched C．waved D．felt
43．A．Why B．How C．When D．Where
44．A．the rain B．the disease C．anything D．something
45．A．still B．silent C．serious D．angry
46．A．what B．how C．whether D．if
47．A．dishonest B．silly C．daring D．forgetful
48．A．right B．wrong C．stupid D．clever
49．A．off B．along C．on D．over
50．A．sighing B．joking C．discussing D．watching
51．A．followed B．guided C．respected D．praised
52．A．time B．way C．same D．best
53．A．house B．money C．health D．time
54．A．children B．memories C．courage D．experience
55．A． possibilities B．opportunities C．risk D．challenge
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Work is a part of l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iving —my grandparents understood that . They lived and worked on a farm that has been in my family for 150 years. They raised chickens for eggs, pigs and cattle for meat. Cows were kept for milk and the cream, from which Grandma made butter and cheese. What little yard they had became a garden.
The Depression, there ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fore, didn’t make much change in their lives . But it did bring an unending flow of men out of work, drifting from job to job , to the farm . The first to show up at the door of the kitchen was a man in rags . He took off his hat and quietly explained that he hadn’t eaten for a while. Grandpa stood watching him a bit , then said , “There’s a stack of firewood against the fence behind the barn (谷仓). I’ve been needing to get it moved to the other side of the fence. You have just about enough time to finish the job before lunch.”
Grandma said a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )surprising thing happened. The man got a shine in his eyes and he hurried to the barn at once. She set another place at the table and made an apple pie . During lunch , the stranger didn’t say much , but when he left , his shoulders had straightened . “Nothing ruins a man like losing his self-respect,” Grandpa later told me.
Soon after, another man showed up asking for a meal. This one was dressed in a suit and carried a small old suitcase. Grandpa came out when he heard voices. He looked at the man and then offered a handshake.” There is a stack of firewood along the fence down behind the barn I’ve been meaning to get it moved. It’d sure be a help to me. And we’d be pleased to have you stay for lunch.” The fellow set his suitcase aside and neatly laid his coat on top. Then he set off to work.
Grandma says she doesn’t remember how many strangers they shared a meal with during those Depression days-or how many times that stack of wood got moved.
56．When he was asked to move a stack of firewood , the first man who asked for a meal got a shine in his eyes for he was glad that .
A．he had found a good job
B．he would have something to eat
C．he would no longer suffer from the Depression
D．he would get what he wanted without losing his self-respect
57．The writer’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )grandfather asked those jobless men to move the stack of firewood because .
A．he didn’t want them to have a meal free of charge
B．he had been needing to get it moved
C．he wanted to help them in his own way
D．he wanted to show them his kindness and respect
58．The writer’s grandfather was all of the following but .
A．kind B．thoughtful C．wealthy D．sympathetic
59．The best title for the story would be .
A．The Depression B．The Pleasure of Helping Others
C．No Pains , No Gains D．Work-A Part of Living
B
Everyone knows that th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e French are romantic, the Italian are fashionable and the Germans are serious. Or do they Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character And if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail
At least one grou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p of people is certain that it can. A recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs (实业家) in the UK found that 70 percent felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public .
Britain is hostile to success, they said. It has a culture of jealousy (嫉妒) . As a result, the survey said , entrepreneurs were “unloved , unwanted and misunderstood” . Jealousy is sometimes known as the “green-eyed monster” and the UK is its home. Scientists at Warwich University in the UK recently tested this idea. They gathered a group of people together and gave each an imaginary amount of money. Some were given a little, others a great deal. Those given a little money were given the chance to destroy the large amounts of money given to others—but at the cost of losing their own . Two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this.
This seems to prove th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e entrepreneurs were right to complain. But there is also conflicting evidence. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) recently reported that the UK was now the world’s fourth largest economy .That is not bad for people who are supposed to hate success. People in the UK also work longer hours than anyone else in Europe. So the British people are not lazy, either.
“It’s not really succe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ss that the British dislike,” says Carey Cooper, a Professor of management at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. “It’s people using their success in a way that seems arrogant (傲慢) or unfair or which separates them from their roots .”
Perhaps it is the entrepreneurs who are the problem. They set out to do things in their way. They work long hours. By their own efforts they become millionaires. But instead of being happy they complain that nobody loves them. It hardly seems worth following their example. If they were more friendly, people would like them more. And more people want to be like them.
60．What does the underlined “it” in the second paragraph refer to
A．One group of people B．A great survey
C．National character D．A nation
61．Most entrepreneurs surveyed believe that
A．they are not popular simply because they are successful
B．the British public are hardworking
C．love of success is Britain’s national character
D．they are considered as “green-eyed monsters”
62．What does the result of the Warwich University test show
A．Two thirds of the people tested didn’t love money
B．Most people would rather fail than see others succeed
C．An imaginary amount of money does not attract people
D．Most people are willing to enjoy success with others
63．The writer of the passage seems to suggest that .
A．jealousy is Britain’s national character
B．British entrepreneurs are not fairly treated
C．the scientists are Warwich University did a successful test
D．the British dislik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the entrepreneurs because they do not behave properly
C
A Battery’s Worst Nightmare (噩梦)
Portable electronics t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat can be carried about easily are only as good as their batteries and , let’s face it , batteries aren’t very good , especially when compared with , say , petrol , which packs 100 times a battery’s energy into an equal space . That’s why a large group of mechanical engineers ( centered at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , but with partners at other universities and companies ) are hard at work in an effort to replace batteries with a tiny engine that runs on fuel . Imagine a battery-free life! When the fuel runs out in your laptop or mobile phone, you just fill up and go.
The engine—about the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )size of a ten-cent coin-starts with a combustion chamber (燃烧室) that burns hydrogen (氢). Its tiny parts are etched onto silicon wafers (硅片) in the same manner that computer parts are imprinted onto integrated circuits (集成电路). The first engine is made up of five wafers. And since these wafers could be produced in much the same way as computer chips, they could probably be produced quite cheaply.
But the devil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in all this nice detail is efficiency (效率). Tiny engine parts don’t always behave like their scaled-up parts of the first engine. Something between the parts can slow down the works, according to Columbia University professor Luc Frechette, one of the engine’s designers. Extreme heat from the combustion chamber is also a problem, often leaking to other parts of the engine.
The scientists’ goal i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s to create an engine that will operate at 10 percent efficiency—that is , 10 times better than batteries operate. Frechette says that a complete system , with all parts of place and working , will be set up in the next couple of years , but commercial models aren’t likely until at least the end of the next ten years.
64．According to the passage , the title suggests that
A．batteries should be greatly improved
B．petrol will be used instead of batteries
C．the time of batteries will be gone forever
D．pollution caused by batteries must be solved
65．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “devil” in paragraph 3
A．problem B．advantage C．invention D．technique
66．What can we infer from the passage
A．The new invention doesn’t need any fuel .
B．The new engine has been produced in quantity .
C．The new invention is much cheaper than the battery .
D．The new engine needs to be improved before it’s on sale
67．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To introduce a new invention to readers .
B．To persuade readers not to use batteries .
C．To show us how the new invention works .
D．To declare when the engine will be on sale .
D
Tales From Animal Hospital
David Grant
David Grant has be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )come a familiar face to millions of fans of Animal Hospital . Here Dr Grant tells us the very best of his personal stories about the animals he has treated ,including familiar patients such as the dogs Snowy and Duchess , the delightful cat Marigold Serendipity Diamond . He also takes the reader behind the scenes at Harmsworth Memorial Animal Hospital as he describes his day , from ordinary medical check-ups to surgery （外科手术）. Tales From Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet ,whether it be cat , dog or snake I ! $ 14.99 Hardback 272 pp Simon Schuster
ISBN 0751304417
Isaac Newton : The Last Sorcerer
Michael White
Form the author of Ste ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )phen Hawking: A Life in Science, comes this colorful description of the life of the world’s first modern scientist. Interesting yet based on fact, Michael White’s learned yet readable new book offers a true picture of Newton completely different from what people commonly know about him. Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic (魔术)ended and science began.
8.99 Hardback 320 pp Fourth Estate
ISBN 1857024168
Fermat’s Last Theorem
Simon Singh
In 1963 a schoolboy ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lled Andrew Wiles reading in his school library came across the world’s greatest mathematical problem : Fermat’s Last Theorem (定理). First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds , including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem , and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole
Polytechnique. Throug ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h unbelievable determination Andrew Wiles finally worked out the problem in 1995. An unusual story of human effort over three centuries, Fermat’s Last Theorem will delight specialists and general readers alike.
12.99 Hardback 384 pp Fourth Estate
ISBN 1857025210
68．What is Animal Hospital
A．A news story . B．A popular book .
C．A research report . D．A TV program .
69．In Michael White’s book , Newton is described as .
A．a person who did not look the same as in many pictures
B．a person who lived a colorful and meaningful life
C．a great but not perfect man
D．an old-time magician
70．Which of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as it is used in the text
A．To encourage ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )people to raise questions. B．To cause difficulty in understanding.
C．to provide a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erson with an explanation . D．To limit people’s imagination.
71．What is the purpose of writing these three texts
A．To make the books ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) easier to read B．To show the importance of science
C．To introduce new authors D．To sell the books.
E
Two hours f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rom the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.
The streams , lakes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),mountain ridges and forests that make the Pocono’s an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region . Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Pocono’s natural beauty from irresponsible development , The Nature Conservancy (大自然保护协会) named the area one of American’s “Last Great Places.”
Operating out of a c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )entury-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvanian , the Conservancy’s Bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection . By building up partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.
Altemose’s family ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program . As a result, his family’s land can be protected from the development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.
Cook contributes the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.
“The key to protectin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” Cook said, “The people who live here respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife .They are eager to help with conservation efforts.”
For more information ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) on how you can help The Nature Conservancy protect the Pocono and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call 1~888—564 6864, or visit us on the World Wide Web at www. tnc. org .
72．The purpose ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in naming the Pocanos as one of American’s “Last Great Places” is to .
A．gain support from the local community .
B．protect it from irresponsible development
C．make it a better home for black bears
D．provide financial security for future generations
73．We learn from the passage that .
A．the population in the Pocono area is growing
B．wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly
C．the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened
D．farmlands in the Poconos area are decreasing fast
74．What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook
A．The setting up of an environmental protection website .
B．Support from the organizations like The Nature Conservancy .
C．Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders .
D．Inclusion of the farmlands in the regions’ protection program .
75．What does Bud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Cook mean by “having a local presence” (Line1, para.5)
A．Financial contributions from local business leaders .
B．Consideration of the interest of the local residents .
C．The establishmen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t of a wildlife protection foundation in the area .
D．The setting up of a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area .
21-25 DBACC 26-30 DDBBC 31-35 ACBAD
36—40BCDAA 41—45BACCB 46—50 ABAAD 51—55 ABCBB
56—59DCCB 60—63 CABD 64—67 CADA 68—71 DCBD
72—75 BACDWhere Did the En ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )glish Language Come From
VOICE ONE:
This is Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO:
And this is Shirley Griffith. Today we present the first of two programs about the history of the English Language.
(THEME)
VOICE ONE:
More people are trying to learn English than any other language in the world. English is the language of political negotiations and international business. It has become the international language of science and medicine. International treaties say passenger airplane pilots must speak English.
English is the major foreign language taught in most schools in South America and Europe. School children in the Philippines and Japan begin learning English at an early age. English is the official language of more than seventy-five countries including Britain, Canada, the United States, Australia, and South Africa.
In countries where many different languages are spoken, English is often used as an official language to help people communicate. India is good example. English is the common language in this country where at least twenty-four languages are spoken by more than one million people.
VOICE TWO:
Where did the English language come from Why has it become so popular To answer these questions we must travel back in time about five thousand years to an area north of the Black Sea in southeastern Europe.
Experts say the people in that area spoke a language called Proto-Indo-European. That language is no longer spoken. Researchers do not really know what it sounded like.
Yet, Proto-Indo-European is believed to be the ancestor of most European languages. These include the languages that became ancient Greek, ancient German and the ancient Latin.
Latin disappeared as a spoken language. Yet it left behind three great languages that became modern Spanish, French and Italian. Ancient German became Dutch, Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish and one of the languages that developed into English.
VOICE ONE:
The English language is a result of the invasions of the island of Britain over many hundreds of years. The invaders lived along the northern coast of Europe.
The first invasions were by a people called Angles about one thousand five hundred years ago. The Angles were a German tribe who crossed the English Channel. Later two more groups crossed to Britain. They were the Saxons and the Jutes.
These groups found a people called the Celts, who had lived in Britain for many thousands of years. The Celts and the invaders fought.
After a while, most of the Celts were killed, or made slaves. Some escaped to live in the area that became Wales. Through the years, the Saxons, Angles and Jutes mixed their different languages. The result is what is called Anglo-Saxon or Old English.
Old English is extremely difficult to understand. Only a few experts can read this earliest form of English.
VOICE TWO:
Several written works have survived from the Old English period. Perhaps the most famous is called Beowulf. It is the oldest known English poem. Experts say it was written in Britain more than one thousand years ago. The name of the person who wrote it is not known.
Beowulf is the story of a great king who fought against monsters. He was a good king, well liked by his people. A new book by Seamus Heaney tells this ancient story in modern English.
Listen as Warren Scheer reads the beginning of this ancient story.
(“BEOWULF")
VOICE ONE:
The next great invasion of Britain came from the far north beginning about one thousand one hundred years ago. Fierce people called Vikings raided the coast areas of Britain. The Vikings came from Denmark, Norway and other northern countries. They were looking to capture trade goods and slaves and take away anything of value.
VOICE ONE (cont):
In some areas, the Vikings became so powerful they built temporary bases. These temporary bases sometimes became permanent. Later, many Vikings stayed in Britain. Many English words used today come from these ancient Vikings. Words like “sky, nbsp; “leg, “skull, “egg, nbsp; “crawl, lift and “take are from the old languages of the far northern countries.
VOICE TWO:
The next invasion of Britain took place more than nine hundred years ago, in ten sixty-six. History experts call this invasion the Norman Conquest. William the Conqueror led it.
The Normans were a French-speaking people from Normandy in the north of France. They became the new rulers of Britain. These new rulers spoke only French for several hundred years. It was the most important language in the world at that time. It was the language of educated people. But the common people of Britain still spoke Old English.
VOICE TWO (cont):
Old English took many words from the Norman French. Some of these include “damage, nbsp; “prison, and “marriage. nbsp; Most English words that describe law and government come from Norman French. Words such as “jury, “parliament, and “justice. nbsp;
The French language used by the Norman rulers greatly changed the way English was spoken by eight hundred years ago. English became what language experts call Middle English. As time passed, the ruling Normans no longer spoke true French. Their language had become a mix of French and Middle English.
VOICE ONE:
Middle English sounds like modern English. But it is very difficult to understand now. Many written works from this period have survived. Perhaps the most famous was written by Geoffrey Chaucer, a poet who lived in London and died there in fourteen hundred. Chaucer’s most famous work is “The Canterbury Tales, written more than six hundred years ago.
VOICE ONE (cont):
“The Canterbury Tales is a collection of poems about different people traveling to the town of Canterbury. Listen for a few moments as Warren Scheer reads the beginning of Chaucer’s famous “Canterbury Tales. /P>
(CANTERBURY TALES PROLOGUE)
Now listen as Mister Scheer reads the same sentences again, but this time in Modern English.
(CANTERBURY TALES PROLOGUE)
VOICE TWO:
English language experts say Geoffrey Chaucer was the first important writer to use the English language. They also agree that Chaucer’s great Middle English poem gives us a clear picture of the people of his time.
Some of the people described in “The Canterbury Tales are wise and brave; some are stupid and foolish. Some believe they are extremely important. Some are very nice, others are mean. But they all still seem real.
VOICE ONE:
The history of the English language continues as Middle English becomes Modern English, which is spoken today. That will be our story next time.
(THEME)
VOICE TWO:
This program was written and produced by Paul Thompson. This is Shirley Griffith.
VOICE ONE:
And this is Steve Ember.(共12张PPT)
(Module 1)
（INTRODUCTION）
外研版 高二（上）
Read the quotations and tell whether you agree
or disagree.
A We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language.
---Oscar Wilde, 19th century writer
B Within a century British and American English speakers will not be able to understand each other.
---Henry Sweet, 19th century linguist
C America and England are two countries divided by a common language.
--George Bernard Shaw, 20th century writer
D It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.
--Dave Sperling, founder of Dave’s ESL Cafe
Read the quotations and answer the questions.
1. What is the topic of the quotations
2. Which is the most optimistic
3. Which is the most pessimistic
4. Which (if any) do you think are funny
5 Which is good news for students of English
6. Can you guess which quotations
are from British people
Write down your expectations.
Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the British and American English
What do you expect British and American English to be like Module 1 语言点汇集
重点单词
【词条1】compare
【课文原句】… compare on t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British).（Page 2）
【点拨】compare在该句中是动词，意思 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )是“比较，对比”。compare A with B“比较A和B”。这句话的意思是：……比较一下on the team, on the weekend （美国用法）和in the team, at the weekend (英国用法)。 再如：
We carefully compared ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the first report with the second.
【拓展】（1）compare A to B “把A比作B”。如：
People compared him to a little white mouse.
（2）A compare with/to B “A与B类似（相似）。如：
This school compares with/to the best in the country.
【词条2】differ
【课文原句】The oth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. (Page 2)
【点拨】动词differ在该句中的意思是“不同于，相异”。这句话的意思是：两种英语相异
的另外两个领域是拼写和发音。与介词in连用表示“在某方面相异”。如：
The brothers differ in their interests.
【拓展】⑴ 短语A and B dif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fer from each other / A differs from B意思是“A和B有区别”。如：
French differs from English in this respect.
(2) 短语differ with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sb. (about / on / over sth.)意思是“（在某件事上）与某人持不同看法”。如：
I have to differ with you on that plan.
【词条3】attempt
【课文原句】Can you see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) any similarities between Webster’s work and attempts to simplify Chinese (Page 9)
【点拨】attempt在该句中是名词，意思是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“尝试, 企图” ，这句话的意思是：你能从Webster的工作和简化汉语的尝试中看到一些相似点吗？再如：
The prisoner made an attempt to escape.
【拓展】(1)名词atte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpt在表示“企图，尝试”时，除了可以与to do sth.连用，也可以与at sth. / doing sth.连用。如：
His first attempt at English composition was poor.
They made no attempt at escaping.
（2）attempt还可以用作动词, attempt to do sth. / attempt sth.意思是“试图做某事”。如：
We attempted to finish the task ahead of time.
重点短语
【短语1】make a difference
【课文原句】 It do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.(Page 1)
【点拨】make a difference 在这里的意思是“产生影响, 有效”。这句话的意思是：一个老
师说英国英语还是说美国英语，没有多大影响。再如：
His plan did make a difference at the meeting yesterday.
【拓展】（1）make some /no difference 有一些/没有影响。如：
It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
（2）tell the difference (between…) 区分，分清楚。如：
I can never tell the difference between the twins.
【短语2】be similar to
【课文原句】The accent, w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hich is most similar to British English, can be heard on the eastern coast of the US.(Page 2)
【点拨】be similar to在这里的意思是“与……相似”。这句话的意思是：在美国东海岸能够听到跟英式英语非常接近的口音。再如：
My teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers.
【拓展】（1）形容词similar只能与to连用，不能与with连用。但是名词similarity却可与with连用，也可以与in, between或to连用表示不同的意思。如：
Many species have close similarities with one another.
She bears a striking similarity to her mother.
They will report the similarity between the two groups.
(2) be similar to的反义短语是be different from…“与……不同”。如：
His method is different from those of others.
【短语3】have difficulty (in) doing…
【课文原句】A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. (Page 2)
【点拨】have difficulty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) (in) doing…“做……有困难”，介词in 可以省略。 这句话的意思是：一个伦敦人要听懂一个来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话可能比理解一个纽约人更难。如：
We had no difficulty finding his home because of the map.
【拓展】（1）get (run) into difficulties “遇到困难，陷入困境”。如：
If you do this you will only run into difficulties.
(2) in a difficul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty / difficulties “有困难，处境困难”。其反义短语为：out of a/the difficulty“摆脱困难，脱离困境”。如：
The bank is in difficulties.
Please come in and help me out of a difficulty.
(4) with difficulty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )困难地，费事地，吃力地。其反义短语为：without difficulty “不费事地，轻易地”。 如：
She found her child with difficulty.
He finished the work without difficulty.
【短语4】refer to…as…
【课文原句】The Chinese refer to their language as Han,…（Page 8）
【点拨】refer to…as…在这 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )里的意思是“把……称为……“。该句子意思是：中国人把他们的语言称为汉语。如：California is referred to as the “Golden State”.
【拓展】refer to 还有很多意思，请同学们看下面几个句子：
I had forgotten the date of the battle so I referred to a history book.（查阅，参考）
When I said some people are stupid I wasn’t referring to you.（指…而言，指的是…）
This rule refers to everyone.（适用于）
Don’t refer to the matter again.（提到，谈到）
He referred his success to his own hard work.（归功于，归咎于）
热点语法
本模块复习了三种英语中的基本时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时。在这里我们给同学们作一个总结。
一、一般现在时：
一般现在时表示经常发生或随时都在发生的事情，具体用法如下：
1. 表示客观事实或普通真理。如： Water boils at 100℃.
2. 表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。如：
Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other.
3. 表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关系或概念的词常用一般现在时。如：see, hear, smell, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong, seem等。如：I know what you mean.
注意：（1）在时间状语从句和条 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。如：
If you will wait for a moment, I’ll tell Mr. Black you’ve come.
（2）少数用于表示起止的动词如come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, pen, close, end, stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。 如：
The shop closes at 9:00 p.m. every day.
二、现在进行时
现在进行时除表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 或现阶段正在发生的事情，还有以下用法：
1. 表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行 。如：。
Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
2.表示按计划、安排要发生的动作。 如：Are you meeting them when you arrive there
3. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的感彩。 如： You are always following me.
三、现在完成时：
通常使用现在完成时的几种情况：
(1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ))表示动作发生在过去某时刻并已结束，但该动作影响到现在，与现在情况具有因果关系。如： The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy.
(2) 表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，刚刚结束，或可能还要继续下去。如：
John has lived in Beijing since he was born.
注意：（1）since作连词，它引导的从句谓语动词若为瞬间动词，主句的时间则从这一“时刻”算起。如：
He has lived here since he lefts his hometown.
若从句为延续性或状态性动词，主句时间则从其动作结束“那点”算起。如：
It is there years since he was a singer.
(2) 介词for构成的短语，表示时间的长度，后跟一段时间，不能跟时间点。如：
He has studied English for five years.
瞬间动词不能与表示一段时间的介词for连用，但它的否定式可与介词for连用。如：
I have not received her letter for two months.(共6张PPT)
(Module 1)
（FUNCTION）
外研版 高二（上）
Underline the words which introduce reasons.
I like Leeds because there’s more going on here than back home in the States.
Since English is spoken all over the world, there are lots of varieties.
As I was the only British person in the school, they made a fuss of me.
I’m getting on just fine, now that I understand the local accent.
Which word do we use more often
to introduce a reason
Which expression shows that a situation has changed
Which two words often come at the beginning of a
sentence
Answer the following questions
Which word do we use more often to introduce a reason
Which expression shows that a situation has changed
Which two words often come at the beginning of a sentence
Because
Now that
3. Since and as
Make your own sentences creatively,using because, since, as or now that.
It is useful to learn English ________________.
_____________________, the British are used to American accents.
Americans like the British accent ______________.
Now that we have Internet, _____________.American vs. British English
I had a bilingual c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildhood, in English and Cantonese, and a bi-dialectical one, in American and British English.
Frankly, my brother and I didn't really notice. Bridging the chasm between Chinese and English took so much effort that my we hardly realized we said "biscuit," "lift" and "zed" (or the horrible Chinese "e-zed") with our family -- and "cookie," "elevator" and "zee" with everyone pared to the horrors of learning Cantonese, we found the difference between trash can / bin, roommate / flatmate mere niceties.
I didn't think about it until a few years ago when my mother called with an announcement.
"I've asked your brother to switch to using mum with a 'u'," she declared. "Not mom with an 'o'."
It turns out she had simply tolerated "mom" our whole childhood as part of her attempt to fit in, in the same way she learned to cook hamburgers and dress her children in strange costumes for Halloween. It has been 15 years since she's fried a beef patty, or constructed a witch's hat out of papier mache, so there was no need to hold onto her old title either.
****
After the U.S., my parents and brother moved to Asia / Australia, and I went to Montreal, which has its own linguistic problems. Here was a city divided not on racial or class lines, but on Anglophone, Francophone and Allophone ones -- a place that tried to ban "apostrophe s" on public signs, changing Mario's Pizza, for example, to Pizza de Mario. In a move that was more French than France, Quebec insisted on stop signs that did not say "stop," but "arret," complete with circumflex. In an environment like that, who cared that "mad" meant "angry" in one place and "crazy" in another
****
I then started working in Hong Kong. HK Magazine was run by Americans, so I used "color" and "that," though the odd Brit would write in asking us why we spelled things wrong. The South China Morning Post was British-styled, so I switched to "colour" and "which."
I was never a big deal until I started at the International Herald Tribune.
I have great respect for the IHT and the fact that it is one of the few places that care so much about the minutiae of style. Industry people aren't kidding when they call it the ultimate editors' paper.
But I have never seen "Britishisms" so reviled. IHT editors spend more time that you could imagine discussing, identifying and extracting them.
Once, I asked a colleague to read an FT Weekend column he might like. "On Cookery " he gasped. "On Cookery I can't read something that uses the word 'cookery'."
Before I went to the IHT, I was sure I knew the difference between the two. But the definition of what is acceptably American, at least according to some of our more conservative staff, is so narrow that even I can't figure it out.
"I'm going to visit my friend who is in hospital," I would say in my American accent.
My colleagues would groan. "God, there you go again. You and your British thing."
"What what " I'd go over the sentence again; it would seem perfectly neutral.
"An American would say 'I'm going to visit a friend in THE hospital."
Same with "cinema," which some Americans say is too highfalutin', when one can say "movie theater." Or "cv," as opposed to "resume."
"Gone missing" is another term I never knew was the providence of the British until I tried to use it in a headline about the Gol airlines plane that, you know, went missing in the Amazon last year.
"Stop using Britishisms," I was told.
What was I supposed to say
"Americans don't say 'go missing'. We say 'disappeared'."
I argued that the two had different meanings. "Disappeared" seemed so final. "Gone missing" just meant it was missing for now. Knowing how deadlines work, the plane would inevitably show up right after we sent the paper to press saying it had disappeared.
My whole childhood, I swore, I said things like "Dad, have you seen my new sweater It's gone missing. Has the neighbor's dog gone missing again Stupid house keys have gone missing." I looked up references to "gone missing" in American media websites, like cnn.com. "See CNN uses it..."
The headline was changed to "disappeared."
****
The funny thing is that Americans balk when they come across Britishisms, in a way that the British don't when they come across Americanisms. I think the ubiquitousness of U.S. pop culture is a reason. Londoners watching U.S. shows don't get thrown off guard when mom (mum) has to change a baby's diapers (nappies), or dad has to get the stuff he bought at the drug store (chemists) out of the trunk (boot) on (at) the weekend. I mean, it's not brain surgery.
Speaking of which, I sent a humorous column from some London tabloid to a highly intelligent, open-minded friend who actually is a neurologist. He read the first couple paragraphs, was baffled by the terms, and gave up. "Was this... Irish or Scottish " he asked me by email. "Was this in some sort of dialect "
Similarly, an editor, newly arrived from the U.S., was reading an article about garbage (rubbish) collectors in India when she came across a mention of "yoghurt pots."
"What's a 'yoghurt pot' " she asked.
"Just take out the 'h,' I'll be fine," I said.
"No. The pot. What is it "
Did she think Indians ate yogurt out of giant ceramic flower pots Metal cooking pots Did they spike it with marajuana
The funny thing was, I couldn't think of the American equivalent. "You know, those little plastic thingies yogurt comes in."
"Oh... yogurt containers."
****
I was asked if I had any problems communicating in England. I said I generally didn't, though the English at Oxford is pretty standard, and people are used to international students, so I was lucky. I didn't embarrass myself the way my cousin did when we was sent to the U.S. and asked the teacher if he could use a rubber.
I had only two blips. Once, I was lost in an Oxfordshire village on my way to my riding school. So I rang up and someone with an obviously local accent answered. She tried to give directions, spiked with various incomprehensible village and farm names. Like some dumb foreigner, I asked her spell out every single one. (Though I do think place names are the hardest. God knows I've embarrassed my London friends for asking to go to the Tate Modern on "South-WHARK.")
It was also at the stables that I was corrected when I asked for the bathroom. "You mean the loo, right "
The other time was when I wanted to buy a delicious new breakfast food I discovered.
"Do you have those thingies In America we call them English muffins, only these are a bit nicer. Maybe here they are just muffins."
The lady held up a muffin, as in the cake-y thing with a domed top.
"No, they are round and flat. And you toast them. And they have these little holes."
"Bagels "
"No. Lots of little holes. Holes that don't go all the way through. They...." I searched for the word and could only remember the second half. "They rhyme with 'umpets."
" 'umpets "
"They rhyme with, uh, trumpets."
"Trumpets Oh, crumpets. We don't have them, love. Oh, poor love. Trumpets!"
