上外版（2020）选择性必修第三册Unit 3 Exploring the Unknown Part B 单词课件(共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
Unit 3
Exploring the Unknown
Reading B words and expressions
unknown adj. 未知的; 不详的; 未被确认的
Ignorance of people brings fear, fear of the unknown.
人们的无知会带来恐惧, 对未知事物的恐惧。
un-是一个否定前缀, 例词:unhappy（不开心的）;unhealthy（不健康的）;unfriendly（不友好的）;unable（不能的）。
desire n. 愿望; 欲望; 渴望 v. 渴望; 希望得到
He has no desire for wealth and fame.
他对名利无欲望。
I had a strong desire to help and care for people.
我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的愿望。
These players desired to win the game.
这些运动员渴望赢得这场比赛。
短语：
have a desire for sth：迫切想得到某物
have a desire to do sth：迫切想要做某事
desire to do sth：渴望做某事
Exercise
have no ~ to do sth 不想做
a ~ for/to do sth 渴望得到某物/做
Henry desires__________（receive) his graduation certificate.
~ to do sth
desire that...(should) do sth=
desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做
I desire that he ______(cut) out smoking at once.
= I desire him ________(cut) out smoking at once.
to receive
cut
to cut
Men can travel to the moon and beyond.
人们能到月球或更远处去旅行。
beyond prep. 超过; 超出
相关短语：
beyond expression 难以表达
beyond repair 无法修理
beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力
beyond one’s reach 在某人够不着的地方
beyond words 难以言喻
beyond expectation 出乎意料
beyond adv. 在另一边; 在(或向)更远处
universe n. 天地万物; 万象; 宇宙
The idea of a parallel universe is hard to grasp.
认为另有一个平行宇宙的概念是很难理解的。
universal adj. 普遍的;全世界的
universally adv. 全体地; 一致地
It is universally acknowledged that... 大家公认……
It is universally acknowledged that the US is a strong country.
大家公认美国是个强大的国家。
humanity n. 人性; 人类
This new discovery will contribute to all humanity.
这个新发现将对全人类作出贡献。
Humanity has made great progress in space exploration and medicine.
人类在太空研究和医学上取得了很大进展。
human=human being 人类; 人
human society 人类社会
surroundings n. 周围的事物;环境
The huts blend in perfectly with their surroundings.
这些棚屋与周围的环境浑然一体,非常和谐。
surround v. 围绕;包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的
be surrounded with/by: 被……围绕/包围
surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境
1)The lake is surrounded ______________ trees.
2)__________________ (surround) by the forest, the village looks very beautiful.
3) Living in beautiful and comfortable ________________, we feel
very happy.
4) We all went out to look for the lost child in the__________________ village.
with/by
Surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
isolate v.（使）隔离; 使与世隔绝
You don’t have to isolate them from the community.
你没必要把他们与社区隔离。
isolation n. 隔离;分离; 孤立
This patient needs to be in isolation for a week.
这个病人要隔离1周。
isolated adj. 孤立的;分离的;单独的
isolated island 孤岛; 荒岛
previous adj. 先前的；以往的
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.
这房子比不上我们以前的。
同义词： former
former president 前总统
in former times 从前
formerly=previously adv. 以前;从前
previous to (doing) sth：在（做）某事之前
prohibit v. (尤指以法令)禁止
Smoking is prohibited in the office building.
办公楼内禁止抽烟。
His small size prohibits his be coming a policeman.
他的个子太小使他无法当警察。
禁止某人做某事:
prohibit sb from doing
stop sb. (from) doing sth
prevent sb. (from) doing sth
keep sb. from doing sth
dedicate v. 把……奉献给……
He dedicated his life to science.
他毕生致力于科学事业。
They dedicated a monument in memory of those who died in the great earthquake.
他们为悼念死于大地震的人们建造纪念碑。
献身于：
dedicate oneself to
devote oneself to
commit oneself to
exploitation n. 开发; 开采
This historical exploitation was then exacerbated when settlers came to the islands.
当殖民者来到这个岛屿上时这种历史性的开发被加剧了。
Almost without exception these women fall victim to exploitation.
这些女性几乎无一例外都受到了盘剥。
exploit v. 开发; 剥削
They are exploiting the oil under the sea.
他们在开发海底石油。
He is accused of exploiting child labor.
他被指控剥削童工。
reserve n.(动植物)自然保护区 ;储备（量);储藏（量）
Build up the natural reserve is the valid means that protects resources.
建立自然保护区是保护资源的有效手段。
The old man kept a large reserve of firewood for cold weather.
这位老人贮存了大量的柴薪以备天冷时用。
These seats are reserved for special guests.
这些座位是留给贵宾的。
All rights reserved (= nobody else can publish or copy this) .
版权所有
reserve v. 保留;留出; 预订(座位、席位、房间等)
Please reserve a seat for me.
请为我预定一个座位。
He still reserved his opinion on some points.
在一些问题上,他仍然保留自己的意见。
保护区：preserve=reserve
in reserve:保留;留出;存留
pose v. 造成(威胁、问题等); 引起; 产生
pose a threat to 对……构成威胁
This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry.
这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威胁。
pose a danger/dangers to 对……构成危险
Residents say they litter sidewalks and pose a danger to pedestrians. 居民们抱怨它们像垃圾一样堆在人行道上,对人们的安全造成了威胁。
derive v. 起源于; 来自
Many English words are derived from Latin.
许多英文字源于拉丁语。
This English word derives from French.
这个英文字源于法语。
来自：
come from; derive from; originate from; stem from; spring from
sharp adj. 锋利的; 锐利的; 急剧的 adv.(时间)……整
That woman has a very sharp tongue.
那个女人说话非常尖刻。
It was very sharp of you to have noticed that.
你注意到了这一点是够机灵的。
It’s nine o’clock sharp.
现在恰恰好是9点整。
sharpen v.锐化; (使)变得锋利
sharpener n.卷笔刀; 磨具; 削具
flesh n. (动物或人的)肉
meat和 flesh的区别：
meat: 是肉类的总称,指食用的肉,但不包括鱼类的肉。
flesh: 主要指人体或动物身上的肌肉组织,是从生理角度着眼的;也指动物的肉食。
in the flesh=in person
Charles’ appeal is best observed in the flesh.
见到查尔斯本人才最能感受到他的魅力。
in spite of 尽管；不管
In spite of my efforts at persuasion, he wouldn’t agree.
尽管我努力劝说，他还是不同意。
He continued with his plan to build a flying machine, in spite of the mockery of his friends.
他不顾朋友们的反对，继续他建造飞行器的计划。
in spite of =despite/regardless of
Despite the bad weather, we enjoyed our holiday.
尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。
Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.
他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。
in fact （用以补充细节）确切地说
I didn’t fail the exam; in fact I did rather well!
我没有考不及格, 事实上, 我考得不错！
实际上：
in effect
in reality
as a matter of fact
Thank you !