上外版（2020）选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Exploring the Unknown Part A 单词课件(共30张PPT)

(共30张PPT)
Unit 3
Exploring the Unknown
Reading A words and expressions
prehistory n.史前时代
These climate changes continued throughout prehistory.
这种气候变化持续了整个史前期。
pre-是一个前缀, 例词:
precondition, condition有“条件”的意思, 所以precondition 有“前提;先决条件”的意思。
premarital, marital有“婚姻的”意思, 所以premarital有“婚前的”意思。
preview, view有“看”的意思, preview有预先看的意思, 所以preview有“预习”的意思。
predetermine, determine有“决定”的意思, 所以predetermine 有“预先确定, 预先决定”的意思。
monument n. 纪念碑; 历史遗迹
The monument bears the mark of age.
纪念碑上有年深日久的痕迹。
The whole house is a monument to her craftsmanship.
那整座房子是她技艺的一座丰碑。
an ancient monument 古迹
同义词：memorial
enormous adj. 巨大的; 庞大的
His death left an enormous gap in my life.
他去世给我的生活留下巨大的空白。
To meet this enormous demand, china will need imports.
为了满足国内的庞大需求, 中国需要进口天然气。
同义词：colossal, immense, giant, vast, huge
measure v. 测量;度量;量度为 n. 测量;措施
He measured the length of the room.
他量了房间的长度。
The room measures 3 metres by 4.
这个房间宽3米, 长4米。
The government has promised to take measures to help the unemployed.
政府已答应采取措施来帮助失业者。
(1)take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施/行动做某事
make sth to one’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
(2)measure...by... 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算
(3)measurement n. 尺寸;测量
注意
(1)measure作“措施”解时, 常用其复数形式。
(2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等时)”, 可看成系动词, 后跟测量的结果, 不用被动语态及进行时态。
单句填空
①They call on people and the government to take (measure) to fight against it.
②Mark lives in a big pleasant room (measure) approximately 5 metres by 6 metres.
measures
measuring
length n.长; 长度
What’s the length of the small river
这条小河有多长？
It is 9,000 meters in length.
它长9000米。
at full length : 详细地
拓展：
deep (adj.) → depth (n) →deepen (v.)
high (adj.) → height (n) →heighten (v.)
wide (adj.) → width (n) →widen (v.)
long (adj.) → length (n) →lengthen (v.)
strong (adj.) → strength (n) →strengthen (v.)
the ocean 海洋深处
the jungle 丛林深处
the depth(s) of the country 穷乡僻壤
the winter 隆冬
one’s heart 心灵深处
despair 绝望的深渊
origin n. 起源; 源头; 起因
The question of the origin of the universe is still hotly debated by scientists.
关于宇宙起源问题, 科学家仍进行着激烈辩论。
original adj. 起初的; 原来的;首创的 n. 原件; 正本; 原稿; 原作
The original big bang created the universe .
最初的大爆炸创造了宇宙。
He can read Shakespeare in the original.
他能读莎士比亚作品的原文。
mystery n. 神秘的事物; 不可理解之事; 奥秘
His death has remained a mystery.
他的死仍是个谜。
mysterious adj. 神秘的; 奇怪的
They’re being very mysterious about their holiday plans.
关于他们的度假计划，他们显得很神秘。
cemetery n. 墓地;公墓
tomb n. 坟墓
grave n. 坟墓
archaeologist n.考古学家
He made up his mind to become an archaeologist.
使下定决心要做一个考古学家。
archaeology n. 考古学
Aerial photography has revolutionized the study of archaeology.
航空摄影已经给考古学研究带来了一场革命。
archaeological adj. 考古的;考古学的;考古学上的
The area is a treasure house of archaeological relics.
这个地区是古文物遗迹的宝库。
transport v.(用交通工具)运输; 运送; 输送 n. 运输
The seeds are transported by the wind.
这些种子是由风传播的。
Blood transports oxygen around the body.
血把氧气输送到全身。
He had a deep fascination with all forms of transport.
他对所有的运输工具都很着迷。
transportation n. 运输
The railroad gives free transportation for a certain amount of baggage.
铁路免费运送一定数量的行李。
incredible adj.不能相信的; 难以置信的
That’s the most incredible coincidence I’ve ever heard of !
那是我听说过的最难以置信的巧合！
For such a tiny woman she had an incredible appetite.
对这么一个小个子女人来说，她的胃口大得令人难以置信。
incredibly adv.令人难以置信地
Incredibly, no one had ever thought of such a simple idea before.
真是难以相信，这样简单的主意竟没有人想到过。
知识拓展
___________vt. 观察;注意到;遵守;庆祝
____________n. 观察者;遵守者;评论者
_____________adj. 看得见的;值得注意的
______________adj. 善于观察的;机警的
_______________n. 观察;注意;观察力;
(观察后发生的)议论;意见
_______________n. [u]遵守 [c]（对节日的）纪念
observe
observer
observable
observant
observation
observance
observatory n. 天文台;气象台;观察台
observe vt. 观察;注意到;遵守;庆祝
______________________遵守规则
_____________________________庆祝某人的生日
______________________________看到某人做某事/正在做某事
_______________________说……; 评论……
observe a rule
observe a person’s birthday
observe sb. do sth. / doing sth.
observe on / upon…
observe the speed limit 遵守车速限制
(1) 我们必须遵守交通规则。
We must __________________________
observe the traffic rules.
(2) 你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？
Do you _______________________in your country
observe Christmas Day
observation n. 观察;观察力; (观察后发生的)议论;意见
____________________________观测
___________________________________对……提出了宝贵的意见
________________________受严密监视
_________________________避开某人的注意
take an observation of
make valuable observations on
be under observation
escape one’s observation
astronomer n. 天文学家
The astronomer scanned the heavens through the telescope.
天文学家通过望远镜来观察天空。
astronomy n. 天文学 astronomical adj. 天文学的; 天文的
相关词汇：
水星：Mercury, [ m rkj ri]
金星：Venus, [ vi n s]
地球：Earth, [ rθ]
火星：Mars, [mɑ rz]
木星：Jupiter, [ d u p t r]
土星：Saturn, [ s t rn]
天王星：Uranus, [ j r n s,j re n s]
海王星：Neptune, [ neptju n, neptu n]
conclude v. 推断;断定;决定
What can you conclude from these observations
你从这些观察中能得出什么结论
We concluded our meeting at 9 o’clock.
我们九点钟结束了会议。
He concluded to quit on pay day.
他决定在发薪水这天辞职。
conclusion n. 结论; 结局; 推论
conclusive adj. 结论性的;不容置疑的;确凿的
相关短语：
come to a conclusion 得出结论;结束
arrive at / reach / draw a conclusion 得出结论
conclude with 以……结束
conclude from 从……得出结论
in conclusion 最后(常用于结束语中)
primitive adj.原始的; 远古的
The native of that region still live in primitive straw huts.
那个地区的居民依然住在古老的茅草屋里。
The facilities on the campsite were very primitive.
营地的设施非常简陋。
primitive tribes
原始部落
primitive beliefs
原始的信仰
primitive man
原始人
predict v. 预测; 预言; 预报; 预告
It is impossible to predict what the eventual outcome will be.
无法预测最终结果。
prediction n. 预言; 预测; 预告
This great prediction is coming true.
这一伟大的预言即将成为事实。
weather prediction
天气预报
uncertainty n. 拿不定的事; 令人无把握的局面
Do what you can and don’t worry about uncertainties.
尽力做你所能做的事情, 不要为难以预料的事物而烦恼。
John was depressed by the uncertainty of his position and duty.
不确定的职位和职能使约翰感到沮丧。
uncertain adj. 无把握的; 不确定的
I am still uncertain whether he will come today.
我仍不能肯定他今天是否会来。
calculate v. 计算; 核算; 预测; 推测
This formula is used to calculate the area of a circle.
这个公式用于计算圆的面积。
calculator n. 计算器
calculation n. 计算; 估计; 预测
refer to 描述;涉及;与……相关;查阅;指的是
Don’t refer to this matter again, please.
请不要再提这件事了。
If you don’t know what it means, refer to the dictionary.
如果你不知道它的意思，可以查字典。
The rule refers only to special cases.
这条规则只涉及一些特殊的情况。
I was not referring to her when I said so.
当我那么说时，我并不是指她。
devote to 把……献于; 致力于; 专心
devote yourself to sb/sth
She devoted herself to her career.
她全力倾注于自己的事业。
devote sth to sth
I could only devote two hours a day to the work.
我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。
be devoted to
The final term will be devoted to project work.
最后一学期的时间将全部用于专题研究。
take place 尤指根据计划或安排发生, 进行
The fete will take place on Sunday, rain or shine.
游园义卖会定於星期日举行, 风雨无阻。
词意辨析：
occur, happen, take place
happen: 指 “偶然发生”时，主语为 “事”；当主语是 “人”时, 意为 “碰巧”。happen to sb/sth 指不好的事情发生在某人（物）身上。
He happened to know the place.
他碰巧知道那个地方。
take place 尤指根据计划或安排发生, 进行
occur: 指 “发生”时可与 happen 换用, 但后接to sb/sth时, 两者含义不同, occur to sb/sth 指 “某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”。
Didn’t it occur to you to phone them about it
你难道就没想过给他们打个电话？
take place 尤指根据计划或安排发生, 进行
take place: 表示 “发生”, 可与 happen 或occur换用, 但其后面一般不接 to sb/sth结构; 指必然会发生的事情时, 多用 take place; 此外take place 还可表示 “举行某种活动”。
In 1919, the may 4th movement took place in china.
一九一九年，中国发生了五四运动。
Thank you !