Unit 2 Saving the earth. 课件(共65张PPT) 2022-2023学年仁爱版英语九年级上册

(共65张PPT)
知 识 导 图
1. 正确区分一般过去时和现在完成时
2. 掌握复合不定代词的用法
3. 掌握重点词法的用法
4. 学会用it句型来造句
教学目标
重点语法
一. 构成区别：
一般过去时：主语+动词的过去式
现在完成时：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
I saw this film yesterday.
I have seen this film.
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
二．定义区别：
一般过去时表示过去某时间里发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I knew him in 2005. (过去的动作）
我在2005年认识他。
We have known each other since 2005. (把过去的动作和现在联系在一起，并着眼于现在）
自从2005年来我们就相互认识

I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影内容已经知道了）
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
三.时间状语的区别:
现在完成时不可和明确表示过去的时间状语从句连用，但一般过去时可以。
如：yesterday, last night, three days ago, just now等。
She has lived here since two years ago.
She lived here two years ago.
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
例题：
Last week I _______ a cold. That's to say since last week, I _______ a cold.
A. have had; have B.caught; have had
C.have had; have caught D.caught; have caught
B
练习：
1.Paula is pleased that she _________ her lost watch．（　　）
A. Finds B.found C.has found D.will find
2.Her grandpa _____ in 2000．Though he ______ for about ten years，she still misses him．
A.dies，has died B.died，has been dead
C.died，was dead D.died，has died
3.一Your shoes are so old．Why don't you buy a new pair？
一Because I ______ all my money on an MP5．（　　）
A.spend B.have spent C.am spending D.was spending
4. I can't find my notebook anywhere．I'm afraid I ______it．（　　）
A.lose B.lost C.have lost D.was losing
C B B C
复 合 不 定 代 词
-one 人 -body 人 - thing 事
一些... some- someone somebody something
任何... any- anyone anybody anything
每... every- everyone everybody everything
没有... no- no one nobody nothing
复合不定代词定义：由some ,any, no , every 加上 -body -one -thing构成的不定代词
1.主谓一致
1.Someone is crying in the next room.
2.There is nothing wrong with the TV.
3. Everyone has their dreams.
复合不定代词做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
1.Someone called on her last week.
2.There isn't anyone else there.
3.Is anybody over there
4.Would you like something to eat
some不定代词常用于肯定句中，any不定代词多用于否定句或疑问句。
但在表示请求，建议等的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定答复时，常用含有some的不定代词，如：something、someone、somebody等
2.some/any复合不定代词
1.There is nothing important in today 's newspaper.
2.Is there anybody else in the room
3.Would you like something to drink
形容词或else或动词的不定式 修饰复合不定代词时，放在不定代词之后
3.位置关系
1. There isn’t ____ in today’s newspaper.
A. anything interesting B. something interesting
C. nothing interesting D. interesting anything
2. Everyone_______tea in China.
A.like B.likes C.liked D.to like
3. Everyone___Putonghua(普通话)in this school.
A.speaks B.speak C.speaking D.spoke
4. -Mum，can I have ______to eat？I'm hungry．
-You can get some in the fridge．（　　）
A.something delicious B.anything delicious
C.delicious something D.delicious anything
5. Everything______（ begin） to grow in spring.
A B A A begins
---Do you need ________ to drink？（不定代词）
---Yes，it's too hot after long walking in the sun．（　　）
A.something cold B.anything cold
C.cold something D.cold anything
﹣Jack，how was your summer vacation？
﹣Just so﹣so.
- why don't you go ___ for my next vacation．（　　）
A. somewhere wonderful B. wonderful anywhere
C. anywhere wonderful D. wonderful somewhere
A A
比较: everyone与 every one
(1) everyone为不定代词,意为“大家,人人,每人”,它等于 everybody。
作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:
Everyone is here.每个人都到齐了。
(2) every one中 every为形容词，意为每一个。
every one表示“人人,每个人”时,等于everyone。
如： Everyone has known this.
Every one has known this.
（3) every one还可指物, everyone则不可以。
every one后可跟of短语,表示“……中的每一个,而 everyone则不可以。
如: He ate every one of the apples他把每个苹果都吃了。
练习：
1. ____ of the books is very interesting．（　　）
A. Everyone B. Every one C. Every
2._____ of them felt tired but quite happy after _____ sports meeting．
A.Every one；the two﹣day B.Everyone；the two﹣day
C.Everyone；two days D.Every one；two days
3. ______in the room knew me，but I didn't know________．（ ）
A.Every； him B.Everyone； them C.Every one； those
B B B
原文重现：None of us likes pollution.
1、可以指代的范围不同
none既可指人又可指物，no one＝nobody，只能指人。
2、在简略答语中，none常用来回答how many/much 引导的问句，
no one常用来回答who引导的问句。
--- Who’s in the classroom --- No one.
--- How many animals can you see in the picture --- None.
3、谓语的单复数
None of+名词复数/代词， 作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可，
no one/nobody，后面不能接of构成的短语，作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数。
None of us has／have been to Macao．我们没有一个人去过澳门。
none与no one辨析
例题
1.Our teacher was very angry because ______ of us read the right English sentences.
A.everybody B.nobody C.none D.anybody
C
原文重现：
Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the stream.
there be+sb./sth.+doing sth. 意为”有某人/某物正在做某事“
there be sb./sth. to do sth. 意为“有某人/某物做某事”
例句
There are two people waiting outside.
There is no time to think.
there be sb/sth doing/to do
1. There are many things _______ today.
A. doing B. to do C. did D. done
2. Listen! There are three girls _______ in the classroom.
A. sing B. sings C. singing D. to sing
3. There were few machines _____(help) us to do farm work in the past.
4.--There are some boys ______ basketball over there.
--Let's go and join them.
A.are playing B.playing C. to play D.play
B C help B
1
how
2
how many和how much
3
how often
4
how long
5
how far
6
how soon
how特殊疑问词
--How do you get to school
--I go to school by bus.
by bus.
by bike.
by car.
by train.
用法总结：一般对方式提问,多对交通方式提问，
1
how
总结
综合练习
1. -________times have you visited Gansu Science Museum？
- Only once．
A. How often B. How many C. How long D. How soon
2.-________have you been married？ -For twenty years．
A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon
3. -________is your school from your home？
-Twenty minutes'ride．
A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon
4. -_______honey do we need -About five teaspoons.
A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. How long
5. ______did you______on your homework？
A. How long；take B. How soon；take
C. How long；spend D. How soon；spend
综合练习
1. -________times have you visited Gansu Science Museum？
- Only once．
A. How often B. How many C. How long D. How soon
2.-________have you been married？ -For twenty years．
A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon
3. -________is your school from your home？
-Twenty minutes'ride．
A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon
4. -_______honey do we need -About five teaspoons.
A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. How long
5. ______did you______on your homework？
A. How long；take B. How soon；take
C. How long；spend D. How soon；spend
练习
1.- How many girls are there in our classroom
-- _________. The students are having PE lessons. There is _________ in the classroom.
A.No one; nobody B.none; nobody C.none; none D.nobody; none
2.﹣How much juice is there in the fridge？
﹣_____．Let's go to the supermarket and buy some after supper．
A.None B.Nothing C.Nobody
3.______ knows anything about him because he never tells us ______ about himself.
A.Nobody; something B.Nobody; nothing
C.Nobody; anything D.Anybody; nothing
练习
1.- How many girls are there in our classroom
-- _________. The students are having PE lessons. There is _________ in the classroom.
A.No one; nobody B.none; nobody C.none; none D.nobody; none
2.﹣How much juice is there in the fridge？
﹣_____．Let's go to the supermarket and buy some after supper．
A.None B.Nothing C.Nobody
3.______ knows anything about him because he never tells us ______ about himself.
A.Nobody; something B.Nobody; nothing
C.Nobody; anything D.Anybody; nothing
复合形容词
注意：
a+数词-单位名词单数 +名词单数 = 数词+名词复数所有格形式+名词单数
a three-day holiday = three days' holiday
“-”前有冠词a/an , “'s”前没有冠词
复合形容词
注意：
a+数词-单位名词单数 +名词单数 = 数词+名词复数所有格形式+名词单数
a three-day holiday = three days' holiday
1. He has _______ holiday.
A.3-days B . 3-day C. 3 days’ D. 3 day's
2. Mike is ______ boy.
A. 11-year-old B. an 11-years old
C. an-11-year-old D. an 11-year-old
3. My brother has a ______ son．（ ）
A. four-years-old B. fourth-year-old
C. four-year-old D. four-year-olds
B D C
练习
1. a kind of: " ... ... 其中一种" 其后接可数名词复数
Rose is a kind of flowers.
English is a kind of languages
2. kind of = a little "一点" 其后常接形容词与副词原型
They are kind of tired. = They are a little tired.
Today is kind of cold.= Today is a little cold.
3.kinds of “各种各样的.”其后常接可数名词复数（等于all sorts of)
常用的搭配有：many kinds of / all kinds of / different kinds of
He has kinds of erasers.
I have different kinds of shoes.
kind的用法
1.The panda is ______ animal and it's ______ cute.
A.a kind of; a kind of B.kind of; kind of
C.a kind of; kind of D.kind of; a kind of
2.There are many ______ animals in the zoo. Most of them are ______ cute .
A.kind of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kinds of;kind of
3.Of all ______ subjects ,I like math best . It's ______ interesting .
A.kind of;kind of B.kinds of;kind of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kinds of;kinds of
4.There are many ______ books in our library, but they are ______ old.
A.kind of; kinds of B.kinds of; kinds of
C.kinds of; kind of D.kind of; kind of
5.Our English teacher is ______ strict.
A.a kind B.kind of C.a kind of D.kinds of

1.The panda is ______ animal and it's ______ cute.
A.a kind of; a kind of B.kind of; kind of
C.a kind of; kind of D.kind of; a kind of
2.There are many ______ animals in the zoo. Most of them are ______ cute .
A.kind of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kinds of;kind of
3.Of all ______ subjects ,I like math best . It's ______ interesting .
A.kind of;kind of B.kinds of;kind of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kinds of;kinds of
4.There are many ______ books in our library, but they are ______ old.
A.kind of; kinds of B.kinds of; kinds of
C.kinds of; kind of D.kind of; kind of
5.Our English teacher is ______ strict.
A.a kind B.kind of C.a kind of D.kinds of

原文重现：
It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people's hearing.
do harm to sb./sth. = be harmful to sb./sth. 意为“对某人/某物有害”
Pollution does harm to the environment.
= Pollution is harmful to the environment.
harm与harmful
1. Drinking too much ______ your health．（　　）
A.do harm to B.is harm to
C.does harm to D.do harmful to
2. Playing too many computer games ________ our eyes．（　　）A.is harm to B.is injured for
C.is badly to D.is harmful to
3. Do you know too much drinking is________ （harm） to the health？ 4.﹣Don't eat too much candy，for it's_____ your teeth．
﹣Oh，I get it．Thank you．（　　）
A.harm to B.harmful to C.badly to
C D harmful B
练习
原文重现：Too much noise can cause high blood pressure as well.
too much/too many/much too
1. There are ________ people in the restaurant. They make ________ noise.
A. too much; too much B. too much; too many
C. too many; too many D. too many; too much
2. Mr．Black eats____________ meat．So she is ____________ heavy．
A. too many； too much B. too much； much too
C. too many； much too D. much too； many too
3. I have _____ homework to do at school and ______rules at home．
A. too much； too many B. too much； much too
C. too many； too much D. too much； too much
4. He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat.
A. much too, too much B. much too, too many
C. too much, much too D. too much, many too
练习
1. There are ________ people in the restaurant. They make ________ noise.
A. too much; too much B. too much; too many
C. too many; too many D. too many; too much
2. Mr．Black eats____________ meat．So she is ____________ heavy．
A. too many； too much B. too much； much too
C. too many； much too D. much too； many too
3. I have _____ homework to do at school and ______rules at home．
A. too much； too many B. too much； much too
C. too many； too much D. too much； too much
4. He eats ________ food, so he is ________ fat.
A. much too, too much B. much too, too many
C. too much, much too D. too much, many too
练习
encourage vt. 鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动
We should encourage the young to read more books.
All the family encouraged the boy to become a doctor.

encouragement n. 鼓励,鼓舞 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的
The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him.

练习：
1.. My parents encourage me _____ social work．（　　）
A.to do B.doing C.do
2. We should encourage the children____（do）good things for the people．
3. His friend's________words were a great________ to him． （encourage）

encourage的用法
encourage vt. 鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动
We should encourage the young to read more books.
All the family encouraged the boy to become a doctor.

encouragement n. 鼓励,鼓舞 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的
The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him.

练习：
1.. My parents encourage me _____ social work．（　A　）
A.to do B.doing C.do
2. We should encourage the children to do good things for the people．
3. His friend's encourging words were a great encouragement to him．

encourage的用法
try to do sth．是"尽力去做某事"
try doing sth．是"尝试做某事"
try to do/try doing
练习题
1. Try ________ (speak) English every morning.
2. -We can go to Jinan Railway Station by bus．
-Why don't you ______ there for a change？（ ）
A. try walking B. trying to walk C. to try and walk D. to try walking
3. -I usually go there by train．
-Why not ________by boat for a change？（ ）
A. to try going B. trying to go C. try to go D. try going
to speak A D
Stop/Keep /Prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事

His words can’t prevent us from buying books.
You won’t keep the things from happening.

Stop/Keep /Prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.
练习
1. He made up his mind to devote his life ____pollution___ happily．
A.to prevent，to live B.to prevent，from living
C.to preventing，to live D.to preventing，from living
2. Would a cancer warning prevent you ______ drinking coffee
A.against B.of C.to D.from
3. Nobody could _____the man from _____into the house on fire because his mother was in it．（　　）
A. stop，run B. stop，runing C. stop，to run D. stop，running
4. Nobody can prevent us _______ becoming good friends.
A.from B.of C.to D.with
D D D A
原文重现：A lot of water can be saved by forests.
1. save 动词，意为“保存，储存”
save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 意为“为某人保留”
Will you save me a seat on the seat？
2. save 意为“节省，节约，避免（金钱，时间）浪费''
We'll save a lot of time if we go by bus.
3. save意为 ”拯救，挽救”
save one's life 意为“挽救某人的生命”
He saved his friend's life in the accident.
save的用法
练习
1. We should play a part in ________ our earth．（　　）
A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved
2. Granny often tells us _______ water in our daily life．（　　）
A.save B.saving C.to save D.saves
C C
cut off 切断；中断；使死亡；剥夺继承权
cut down v. 削减；砍倒；杀死；删节；胜过
cut in 插嘴；超车；插入
cut into v. 打断；侵犯
cut out 切断；删去；停止；关掉
cut up 切碎
例句：
1. I'm sorry to cut in on you，but there are one or two things I don't understand.
2. If you cut down all the tress,you’ll ruin the land.
3. She cuts off a small piece of bread and gave it to me.

cut相关短语
练习
1.In order to protect the environment， we shouldn't _____ trees any more．（　　）
A.cut out B.cut up C.cut off D.cut down
2.I want to make watermelon milk shake．Please ________ the watermelon for me．（　　）
A.cut up B.cut off C.cut down D.cut out
3.Tony，mind your manners!Don't _______ while others are talking．（　　）
A.cut in B.cut off C.cut down D.cut up
4.It's necessary for the phubbers（低头族）to ______ the time they spend on their smart phones.
A.cut off B.cut down C.cut in D. cut up
练习
1.In order to protect the environment， we shouldn't _____ trees any more．（　　）
A.cut out B.cut up C.cut off D.cut down
2.I want to make watermelon milk shake．Please ________ the watermelon for me．（　　）
A.cut up B.cut off C.cut down D.cut out
3.Tony，mind your manners!Don't _______ while others are talking．（　　）
A.cut in B.cut off C.cut down D.cut up
4.It's necessary for the phubbers（低头族）to ______ the time they spend on their smart phones.
A.cut off B.cut down C.cut in D. cut up
come to 总计，到达；苏醒，复原
come to one’s mind 忽然想起
come about 发生
come across 遇见……
come out 出现，出版；结果是
come up with 赶上，提出
come true 实现
come的相关短语
The good idea comes to him in a flash.
That comes to $23.6, madam.
How did the war come about
I came across a group of children playing.
The author’s new book came out last week.
练习
1. If you give up now, your dream will not ______.
A. come on B. come true C. come out D. come from
2. Luckily, the rain stopped and the sun _______.
A. came up B. came to C. came out D. came over
3. Our environment is in great danger． Maybe we should ______ a way to protect it．（　　）
A. come from B. come up with C. come on D. come out
B C B
1. enough to... 足够...而能做某事。
The boy is young enough to go to school.
2. too...to... 太...而不能做某事。
The boy is too young to go to school.
3. so...that... 如此...以至于...
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
enough to.../too...to.../ so...that...
原文重现：We sort them so that they can be recycled.
so+形容词/副词+that... 如此……以致
so that+句子 为了，以便，结果是......
He started early so that he wouldn’t miss the first bus.
The stone is so heavy that nobody can lift it.

so...that... / so that...
练习
1. NE ZHA is ______ interesting ______ many people like watching it.
A.too; to B.enough; to C.so; that D.to; too
2. My brother is____young____get to school himself．（　　）
A.So；that B.too；to C.to； too
3. The story was ______ funny ______ everyone would listen to it.
A.too; to B.enough; to C.so; that D.too; not to
C B C
1. You must pay attention to your handwriting _______ everybody can understand what you have written．（　　）
A.so B.so…that C.because D.so that
2. The movie was ______ exciting _______ I want to watched it again．
A.too，to B.such，that C.so，that D.so，as
3. He studied ______ hard ______ he made great progress．（　　）A.such…that… B.so that，/ C.too…to D.so…that…
4. He puts the flowers in the shade _____the sun will not burn them．
A.in order to B.so that C.so as to D.such that
5. The family was _____ poor _____ they couldn't buy a TV set．（　　）A.so； that B.not； until C.not； but D.so； but
D C D B A
练习
used相关短语
1.He used to_________to school late,but now he doesn't.
A.go B.going C.went D.goes
2.Knives ___________ cut things.
A.are used B.used C.used to D.are used to
3.Mary used to ________ to work, but she is used to ________ to work now.
A.riding a bike; taking a bus B.riding a bike, take a bus
C.ride a bike; taking a bus D.ride a bike, take a bus
4. She ______ a bike to school, but now she ______ to school.
A.used to ride; is used to walking B.used to riding; is used to walking
C.is used to riding; used to walk D.is used to ride; used to walking
A D C A
练习
原文重现：
First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.
ought to 情态动词，意为“应当，应该",后加动词原形，
其否定形式为“ought not to",疑问形式为”Ought....to.... "
例句：
We ought to be polite to the teachers and the old.
You ought not to tell her the bad news.
ought to的用法
练习
1. As students， we ought ________ the rules at school．　
A.obey B.obeying C.obeyed D.to obey
2. They ought to do more outdoor activities．（改为否定句）
3. If you want to be a green person, you ought _____ energy and _____ air pollution.
A.to save; reduce B. saves; reduces C. saved; reduced D. to saves; reduces
4. Before you start this task，you ________ realize its importance of doing it．
A.may B.can C.ought to D.would
A They ought not to do more outdoor activities．A C
原文重现：
It can not only protect the environmenyt but also save energy.
not only..... but also....., 意为“不仅.... 而且......"
neither.....nor....., 意为”既不...也不...."
either.....or......, 意为“或者.....或者......."
连接并列主语时，谓语动词须和邻近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。
并列连词的用法
1.______ you _____ I am wrong．We don't know what she thought．
A.Both； and B.Not only； but also C.Only； and D.Not； but
2.WeChat is widely used．_____the young _____the old are interested in it．
A.Either； or B.Neither； nor C.Not only； but also
3.___ Lily___ Lucy likes singing，but they are good at dancing．（　　）
A.B oth； and B.Not only but also C.Neither； nor
4._____ Anna ______ her brother like listening to soft music.
A.Both; and B.Neither; nor C.Either; or D.Not only; but also
5._______Tim ________Tom enjoys doing DIY jobs while ________Lucy ________Lily love birdwatching．（　　）
A.Not only， but also； both， and B.Both， and； not only， but
C.Not just， but also； between， and D.Both， and； either， or
B C B D A
原文重现：
It says that China has become the world's largest producer and user of coal.
It is said that 意为“据说”
It is reported that 意为“据报道”
It is well known that 意为“ 众所周知”
It is believed that 意为“人们相信”
It is said that he will go abroad soon.
It is reported that we should eat healthy food, such as fruit and vegetables. It is well known that he is a famous doctor.
It is believed that the couple have left the country.
本知识点无例题和练习，给学生说明意思即可。大家自己衡量需不需要讲
it做形式主语
It's +形容词+ for/of sb. to do sth.
例句：
It's very difficult for us to solve the problem.
It's very kind of Tom to help the old man.
it做形式主语
for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如useful, hard, difficult, interesting, important等：
It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
of sb. 一般用来表示修饰人物的某种性格和品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very kind of you to help me.
你来帮助我，你真是太好了。(kind说明你善良)
例题 —Tina， I have cleaned most of the windows.
—That's very kind ___ you. It's difficult ________me to do it all by myself.
A. of； for C.for； for B.for； of D.of； of
练习：
1.﹣It's clever _____ you to help me work out the difficult math problem．Thanks!
﹣You are welcome．Now it's easier _______ you to understand it．（　　）
A. of； of B.of； for C.for； of D.for； for
2. ---What do you think of tomorrow's football match？
---_____difficult _____us _____the match．（　　）
A. We're；of；to win B.It's；for；winning
C.It's；for；to win D.It's；of； to win
3.It's impossible ________ the work in three days.
A.for me to finish B.of me to finish C.for me finishing
例题 —Tina， I have cleaned most of the windows.
—That's very kind ___ you. It's difficult ________me to do it all by myself.
A. of； for C.for； for B.for； of D.of； of
练习：
1.﹣It's clever _____ you to help me work out the difficult math problem．Thanks!
﹣You are welcome．Now it's easier _______ you to understand it．（　　）
A. of； of B.of； for C.for； of D.for； for
2. ---What do you think of tomorrow's football match？
---_____difficult _____us _____the match．（　　）
A. We're；of；to win B.It's；for；winning
C.It's；for；to win D.It's；of； to win
3.It's impossible ________ the work in three days.
A.for me to finish B.of me to finish C.for me finishing