2024年高考英语复习词汇语义辨析和运用强化：高频动词短语学案(通用版）（含答案）

高频动词短语-2024年高考英语一轮复习词汇语义辨析+运用强化(通用版）
高频动词短语
1.语义辨析
（1）act短语
act as 担任……职务，起……作用
act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）
act out 表演（对话、故事等）
act up 捣乱，出毛病
（2）believe短语
believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张 believe one's ears 相信所听到的话
make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.） seeing is believing 眼见为实
（3）blow短语
blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭 blow out吹灭，走气
blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气 give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击
（4）break短语
break away 摆脱，脱离 break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破
break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃
break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服
break into … 闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成
break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝
break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚 break open 破开，撬开
break short 中断，折断 break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule（law） 违反规定
break one’s promise 失言 break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去
break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束
（5）bring短语
bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使 bring along 把……带来，领来
bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒
bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落
bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出
bring forward 提出 bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收
bring into action 使行动起来，使生效 bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行
bring into operation 使运转，将...投入生产 bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用
bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点）
bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出
bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走 bring to 使苏醒
bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期
bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施…… bring to light 出现，公布，暴露
bring to mind 使想起，回忆起 bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止
（6）build短语
build ... into 把...建设成，把...装入 build on / upon 建立在...上，依赖，指望
build up 增加，增进，建成，振兴 build up to 增加
（7）以burst为中心的词组
burst forth 爆发，喷出，忽然出现 burst in 闯进，突然出现
burst into 闯进，突然...起来，突然发出 burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
burst out 迸发，爆发，突然发出，大声叫喊 burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑
（8）call短语
call away 叫走，把（注意力）转移开 call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地），停泊在
call back 回电话 call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人，迎，取
call / shout for help 呼救 call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话，引入
call off 取消，下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）
call out 大声呼喊，叫喊，唤起 call sb…for short 简称某人……
call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召，召集
call to mind 使想起，回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问（某地） pay a call on sb. 拜访（某人）
（9）catch短语
be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch /take fire 着火 catch on 挂住，明白，理解，受欢迎
catch one’s word 听懂话 catch out 发觉，抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现，瞥见
（10）carry短语
carry about 随身携带 carry away 冲走，带走，冲昏某人头脑
carry back 拿回，运回，使想起 carry ...into effect /practice 执行,实行,实现,完成
carry off 带走叼走，夺去...的生命，获得（奖品） carry on 坚持，继续，进行
carry out 贯彻，执行，实施，完成 carry through 坚持到底，进行到底，贯彻，完成
（11）check短语
check in 报到，登记，投宿旅馆 check off 检验，清点
check on 检查，调查 check out 查明，结帐，付款而离开旅馆
check up 核对，检查，检验 check with 商议，符合，核对无误
（12）clear短语
clear away 扫除，消除 clear off 清除，清理，（云雾）消散，（雨）停
clear out 清除，扫出 clear through 通过（检查，批准）
clear up（天）变晴，打扫，消除 make it clear that...使人明白
（13）come短语
come about 发生，产生，（风，帆）改变方向 come across 偶然相遇，想起；越过；偿付
come along 一道来，随同，进展，出现 come at … 向……袭击，达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击
come back 回来，想起来，复原 come down 下来，下落，倒下，降落；跌落；病倒
come down to… 到达，从一处来到另一处 come for… 来拿，来取
come from… 来自，出生于，起源于 come in 进来，进入，流行起来；获名次
come into being 形成，产生，出现 come into operation开始运转，实施，生效
come into possession of占有，拥有 come into the possession of被...占有，被...拥有
come off 脱落，从……离开 come on 过来，加油，赶快，上演；开始；登台；（问题）被提出
come near 接近，不亚于，几乎，差一点 come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现
come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开，出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露
come over 访问，越过 come over to… 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方
come round / around （非正式）来访，串门，绕道 come off （头发，牙齿，纽扣）脱落，离开
come to … 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒，达到；归结于，渐渐（to do sth =get to do sth.）
come to a decision 作出决定 come to an end 结束，终止 come to know 逐渐地知道 come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来，栩栩如生 come to light 显露，为人所知，明朗化
come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉 come to a stop 结束，停止，停顿
come to / into power 当权，上台 come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟
come to terms with… 甘心忍受 come true 变为现实，成为事实，证实
come up 被提出，上来，（风浪）猛烈起来，抬头，走近；上楼；长出，发芽，流行起来
come up to sb 朝某人走来 come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上
come upon （偶然）遇见，突然发生
（14）cross短语
cross out / off 打消，删去，除去 cross one's fingers交叉手指（表祝福）
cross one's mind想起 cross over横贯，穿过，交叉 cross sb. in 与某人作对，在...中阻碍某人
（15）cut短语：
a cut above 胜过一筹 a short cut 近路，捷径 cut/break/make a /the record 创造新记录，打破记录
cut away 切除，剪去，砍掉，逃走 cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减，缩短 cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入
cut in line 插队 cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应），剪下，关掉 cut sth. open 切开，切伤
cut out 删除，剪下来，切下 cut sth.short 缩减，截短 cut through 凿通，挖通，贯穿
cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉，割裂，歼灭
（16）do短语：
be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do the deed 付诸行动，生效 do about 处理，应付 do and don’t 要与不要 do a good deed 做一件好事 do a test 做实验，做化验 do a word puzzle 猜字谜
do away with 废除，废除；弄死；浪费 do body-building 做健身操 do chores 处理琐事，干家务
do /cause damage to 损害 do its work 有效，有作用 do housework 做家务活
do make-up 化妆，打扮 do observations 观察 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do much 极有用
do sb. right 公平对待，正确批评某人 do research on… 从事……研究工作
do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意 do sb. justice 公平对待某人
do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好，捆，扎，刷新
do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头 do up the button 扣纽扣
do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好 do wonders 创造奇迹，产生奇特的效果
do with 处理，处置，对付，和~~相处，忍受 do without 不需要...也行，不用
do wrong 做坏事，做错事（do right = do the right thing 做得对）
in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下
drive短语
drive away vi.开车走掉 vt.赶走，驱赶 drive off 驱散 drive out 逐出，乘车出去
drive through 乘车穿过（街道等） drive sb.mad 使某人发疯
（18）fall短语
fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默 fall back撤退，后退 fall behind 落后，落伍，落在后面
fall down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失败 fall in love with...爱上（某人）
fall into 陷入，养成，开始，渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成...习惯 fall off 掉下，衰退，减少
fall over 摔倒，落在...上，（头发）披在肩上 fall to pieces 破碎，崩溃，瓦解 fall into ruins 成为废墟
fall to the guound 坠地，失败，落空
（19）fix短语
fix a date / time for...为...安排日期/时间 fix up 修理，安装，安排，建造，提供
fix on / upon 确定，决定 fix one's eyes on/upon 注视，凝视
fix one's attention on/upon专心于,把注意力集中在 out of fix (钟表)不准，不健全
（20）get短语
get at 意指，本意是，发现，了解；掌握；攻击 get about 四处走动，活动，徘徊，旅行；流传
get above oneself 自视高傲 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解 get ahead of 胜过，超过
get along 前进，进步；同意；离去，相处 get around 走动，传播，影响，说服
get away 移走，逃离（from），出发，开始度假 get back 回来，取回，找回，退还，报复
get behind 落后；识破 get close to 接近 get down vt.咽下；写下；使沮丧，使倒下vi.下来
get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 认真对待，静下心来开始（做）某事
get in 进入，收获，达到，陷入；牵涉 get in a word 插话 get into 进入，陷入，养成
get sb into… 使某人陷入 get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得
get off 下车，脱下（衣服等），送走，动身 get on 上车，过活，穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处
get on / along with… 进展，与……相处 get on/upon with 进步；在~~方面获得成功
get one's hand in 熟悉；习惯 get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来
get out vi. 摆脱，出去，下车，泄露，离开 get out of 逃避，避免，由~~出来，从~~得出，退休
get over 克服，恢复，原谅，越过，痊愈；克服，完成 get up 起床，起身，研究，钻研；致力于；安排
get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（议案、考试等），到达
get to 到达，抵达 get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着 get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领
get ready for 为……做准备 get rid of 除掉，去掉 get sb to do 让某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚，碰头，联欢，积聚，商谈，取得一致意见 get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚
give短语
be given to 沉溺于，习惯于，癖好 give about 分配；传播 give and take 相互迁就，互让
give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发，牺牲，颁发 give back 归还，送回
give back 归还，反射 give cause 给予~~的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听
give forth 发出，放出；发表 give in 投降，让步，屈服 give in to 同意，接受；向~~让步
give off 释放，发出，放出 (烟、光、热、气味等) give oneself out as/to be 自称为
give oneself up to 专心于；向~~自首 give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完，用完，耗尽 give（hand）over转交，移交 give place to 让位于，被~~所替代 give rise to引起，导致；使~~发生
give up 放弃，辞去，停止 give a concert 开音乐会 give a description of… 描述……
give / make a speech 演讲，讲话 give a talk 演讲，做报告 give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成
give close attention to 密切关注 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗
give shade in summer （夏天时）遮阳 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助
give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人
give sb. to understand 通知某人,使明白
give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告
give way to 让步，退却；屈服于 given that...假定，给定，已知
（22）go短语
go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干，（谣言等）流传
go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背，反对，不利于 go across 度过，越过
go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面，前进，进展 go after 追逐，追求，跟随
go / walk around 四处走走 go all about 鼓足干劲，全力以赴 go along 前进，进行下去
go away 走开，离去 go around 走来走去，四处走动 go back 回去
go beyond 超越 go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去 go down to 延续到，继续到
go down 下来，落下，倒下 ，垮台，（风等）平静，沉没 go down on one’s knees 跪下
go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于，去（取，拿） go for sb 对某人也一样
go in 进去，（日月等）被云遮蔽 go in for 参加，喜欢，赞成，从事，为...而努力
go into 详细调查，进入，参加，从事 go into details 细说
go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响，爆炸 go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去
go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播） go on 发生，进行，继续
go on with...继续做，忍受 go out 熄灭，出去，外出，离开，下台，退休
go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅，越过 go round 拜访，绕道走，绕...运行
go past 从……的旁边过去 go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登 go with…与……相配，和...一道走，同意
go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付
go straight along 沿着……一直往前走 go through 通过，浏览，仔细检查，审查，履行，忍受
go through with 完成 go up 上升，上涨，攀登 go with 与...相配，和...一道走，同意
have a go 企图，试图 want a go 试一试
（23）have短语
have a break 休息一下 have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来 have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈
[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话 have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流
have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]
have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够 have a hit 风靡一时 have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光
have (got ) a pain (in the…) （身体某部位）痛 have to = have got to 不得不，必须
have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯 have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物
（24）hold短语
hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住，隐瞒 hold to / by 坚持，固守 hold down 压制，压低，缩减
hold off 耽搁，不接近，离开 hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气 hold on 等一等，不要挂电话
hold on to 抓住，保住 hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持，提出，支持，主张
hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞 hold with 和...意见一致，赞成
hold together 连在一起，团结一致
keep短语
keep at 坚持，不停地做 keep away from 避开，别靠近 keep company with...和...结交
keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下，扣留 keep dark 保守秘密 keep down 控制，缩减
keep in 闭门不出 keep off 勿踏，勿踩 keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物
keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内 keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面
keep out of … 不进入… keep pace with...跟上，同...步调一致 keep time 合拍子，按时，（钟表）走得准
keep to 坚持，固守，遵守 keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落
keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，赶上，与...并肩前进 keep a date 赴约
keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）
keep one’s appointment 守约 keep silent over … 对……保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持警戒，站岗，守望，值班，注意 in good /high（bad/low）keep 保存得好（坏）
（26）knock短语
knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等） knock down 把……撞倒，击倒
knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见 knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻，撞倒
（27）lay短语
lay aside 把..放在一边，抛弃，贮藏 lay down 放下，使躺下，放弃，牺牲
lay off （暂时）解雇，放弃，停止 lay out 花费，投资，不置，打昏
（28）leave短语
give leave 准假 leave about乱放，乱丢 leave alone 听任，任其自然 leave...as it is.听其自然
leave behind 留下，忘记携带 leave out 省去，遗漏，不把...计算在内 leave off 停止，脱去，戒除
leave office 离职，下台 leave over 留下，剩下，延期 leave room for 为...让出地方
leave sth, to / with sb把...交给/留给某人. leave sb, sth. 把...交给/留给某人 on leave 休假，请假
（29）look短语
look at 看着，注视，检查，着眼于 look about 四下环顾；查看 look ahead 向前看，展望未来
look（admire）at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 look after 照顾，照料，照看
look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾 look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去
look back on/upon… 回顾……，回忆…… look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事
look for 寻找，期望 look in 来访，参观，看望 look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究
look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着 look on/upon 旁观，面向，观望 look on / upon ...as...把...看作
look out 向外看；注意，当心，提防，警惕 look one's age 和年龄相称
look out for 警惕，留心，找出来，寻找 look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查，从上面看过去
look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习 look to 面向，注意
look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻，，涨价
look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）
look / be worried 看上去/感到担心
（30）make短语
make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）
[be made in 在……生产/制造 be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）(能看出)
made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）(看不出)
be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]
make out 理解，看清楚 make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成
make up for 弥补，补充，补偿 made up one’s mind 下决心
make advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追赶
make a beeline for走直路,走进路,朝...径直走去 make a choice 做出选择
make a commitment 承诺，保证 make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论
make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）
make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承诺 make a will 立下遗嘱
make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议 make a telephone call 打电话
make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行 make conversation 交谈 make eyes at...抛眉眼，以目示意
make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于 make towards 向...前进
make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑 make it（事业上）获得成功
make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为 make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄
make mistake about… 犯了……错误 make much of 重视；理解；赏识
make one’s way to… 往……走去 make one's mind on sth. 决定某事
make one's own 当作自己的看待 make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认
make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步 make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做
make sure 确保，确认，查明 make the adjustment to… 适应…… make the / one’s bed 整理床铺 make up弥补,修理,赔偿,起草,编造,化装,配制,占...比例,讲和 make way for 为~~让路，让路于
make up to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱 on the make 急求成功；增加，损人利己追求名利
（31）meet短语
meet the case 适合，令人满意 meet the need/demand/requirement of满足...需要
meet with 偶然碰见，遭受 meet...by chance/accident偶然碰见 make both ends meet 使收支相抵
（32）open短语
be open to 对...开放，易于接受，经不起（诱惑） open A for B 为B展开/打开A
open to 朝...开，朝向，通向 open up开发,开创,开辟,开垦,吐露真情,打开,展现
with open eyes 睁着眼睛，留神地，吃惊地 with open arms 张开双臂，热诚（欢迎）
（33）owe短语
owe ... to...把...归功于，把...归因于 owe much to 多亏了，在很大程度上归功于
owe it to...that...归功于，幸亏 owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人...
（34）pass短语
pass away 去世，（时间）过去 pass by 通过，从旁边经过，（时间）过去 pass into 变成，化为
pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传 ，一代一代传下去 pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)
pass on/upon 传递，通过 pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来
pass out 失去知觉，昏厥 pass out of one's mind 被人忘掉 pass over 忽视，置之不理
pass through 穿过，越过 pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上
（35）pay短语
pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复 pay for 付款，付费，付代价 pay off 还清（欠款）
pick短语
pick and choose 仔细挑选，挑挑拣拣 pick off 摘下，逐个地射死 pick on 挑选，挑剔，惹恼
pick one's way/steps 小心地走路，择路而行 pick one's words精选用词 pick out 挑选，认出
pick up 开车接（某人），接收，获得，搭载，恢复，爬起，捡起，学会，认识，购买（便宜商品）
pick up with...结识，与...交朋友
（37）pull短语
pull/make/wear a long face 拉长脸，不高兴 pull about 把...拖来拖去，虐待 pull away 拖出，离开
pull apart 拉开，扯断，严加批评 pull down 拉下,拉倒,推翻,拆毁,使(价格)下降,使体质减弱,赚取
pull in (车船)抵达, 节省(费用), 缩减(开支) pull off 脱（衣，冒），完成，获得成功
pull on 穿，戴，继续拉 pull out 驶出，拔出，离开 pull one's leg 取笑，开玩笑，逗乐
pull through 克服困难，使···脱离危险（渡过难关；恢复健康） pull sth. to pieces 把...拆散，撤碎
pull up 拔起，阻止，使停下 pull up with/to 追上，赶上 pull (the) wires/strings 在幕后操纵，走后门
（38）push短语
at one push 一口气 bring to the push 使陷绝境 push against 推，推撞
push forward/along 把...腿向前，继续进行 push aside/away 推开，排除 push back 退回，推回
push down 向下推 push in 推进，向岸靠拢 push off 起程，离开 push on 奋力向前，推进
push one's way挤过去，奋力向前 push out 推出，长出 push over 推倒
push through 促成，完成，穿过，挤过 push up 向上推
（39）put短语
put an end to 结束，终止，废除 put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除，储藏
put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来 put back 把~~放回原处；拨回
put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下，记下；削减；降落 put faith in 相信，信任
put forward 提出，建议，推荐，拨快，提倡 put in 驶入，进入 put...(down) in writing 把...写下来
put ~~ into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成 put off 延期，拖延，消除；推脱，脱下
put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴，增加,拨快(钟表),推荐 put on a performance 演出
put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产，拿出，制造，刺杀
put through 完成，（电话用语）拨通，使穿过 put to (good) use (充分)利用
put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立，提名，推荐；陈列 put up with 忍受，容忍 put into 使进入，输入，投入 put／translate…into 把……译成 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于…
put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱 put …to use 使用……，运用……
put a date to sth 注明日期（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期 to date 到目前为止）
（40）refer短语
refer to 指，提及，参考，查阅 be referred to 和...有关,归功于,被提交...处理
refer oneself to...依赖，求助于 refer to...as...把...称做，认为...是...
（41）ring短语
ring off 挂断电话 ring the bell 敲钟，摇铃 ring up 打电话给... ring back回电话
（42）see短语
see after 照料，照顾 see into 识透，调查 see out 送某人到门口/屋外 see off 送行
see through 看透，识破，支持（某人）到底 see to 照顾，处理，注意
see to it that照料，努力使; 保证，注意 seeing that...因为，鉴于，既然= owing to
as far as I see/know 据我所知
（43）sell短语
sell off 廉价出清（存货） sell out 卖完，背叛= be sold out sell up 变卖，拍卖
sell well 畅销，好卖 sell by retail 零售~by whole-sale 批发
（44）send短语
send away 让走开，解雇，赶走，把...送往远处 send down 把...向下发送,开除,降低（价格，温度）
send for 派人去叫/请/拿 send in 寄送某处进行处理 send off 发出，寄出，解雇，送别
send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等），长出（树叶等） send up 发射，射出，往上送，使上升 send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉 send signals by … 通过……发送信号 send word 通知，转告，捎信
（45）set短语
set about (doing) sth 着手，开始 set aside 留出，搁/放在一边，取消，放弃，忽视，拒绝
set back 把（钟表）往回拨 set down 放下，登记，记载 set down to 归于，认为是由于
set forward 把（钟表）拨快，出发 set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起，拨出（钱等）
set one's hand to 着手做，从事 set one's heart / mind on/upon专心于，渴望，一心想做
set out vi.出发 vt.布置，发表 set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）
set out to do 开始做，着手做 set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起，引起（疾病等）
set /give a (good) example to… 为……树立（好）榜样 set sail for 起航去……
set sail from 从……起航 set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样
（46）shut短语
shut down (=close down)关闭，倒闭，停工，歇业 shut in 关进去，禁闭，使中止，压制
shut off 关掉，切断 shut one's eyes/ears to...拒绝去看/听 shut one's heart to... 对...不动心
shut one's mind to...死不答应 shut one's teeth 要紧牙关 shut out 关在外面，排除（可能性）
shut up 关闭，密封
（47）stick短语
stick in the mud 陷入泥中，墨守成规 stick...into...把...插入...中 stick out 突出，伸出，显眼
stick to 坚持，忠于，粘到...上
（48）suit短语
be suited for doing (=be suited to do) 配（做），适于 be suited to / for...适合于
suit all tastes 人人合口味，人人中意 suit oneself 随自己意愿 suit the action to the word 使言行一致
suit ...to...使适合于，使适应 suit with...与...相称
（49）stand短语
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人 stand up 起立，站起来 stand out 突出，显眼
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人 stand still = stay still 站着不动
（50）take短语
be taken aback 吃惊 take after 与某人相像，仿效 take along 带领，携带
take aim 瞄准，设立目标 take … apart = separate …把……分开 take away 拿走，使离开。减去；夺去
take away from… 从……带／拿走 take back 退回，拿回，收回，取消
take down 拿下，记下，记录，占领，拆毁，使病倒 take for… 当作……，误以为是……
take in 吸收，接纳，上当，轻信，领会；留宿 take into 驶入，信任
take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销
take on 呈现，雇佣，承担，担任 take out 拿出，取出，去除，取得（专利权）
take over 继承，接管，接替 take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）
take a bank loan 向银行贷款 take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险
take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸
take / have a degree in … 取得……学位 take cold 感冒，受寒
take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育
take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意
take care of 照顾，照看，当心，注意，谨慎，处理 take care to do 务必做，留心做
take charge of 负责，主管 take effect 生效，奏效 take exercise 运动，活动
take … for example 以……为例 take fire 着火 take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住
take office就职，上任 take one's place就坐，入坐，代替 take part with 袒护，支持
take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 take sb seriously 看重某人
take the shape of 呈/取....的形状 take up for 袒护 take up with 致力于，忍受，对...发生兴趣
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）
take sth along with sb随身携带某物 take shelter 躲避 take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth.采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动 take the size of量....的尺寸
take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事
（51）think短语
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做） think aloud 自言自语
think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法 think of ...as...把...看作
think out 仔细考虑，想出 think over 仔细考虑 think through… 思考……直到得出结论，想通
think up 提出，想出，设计出，想通，想起 think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think to oneself 沉思，暗自想 think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for对……高度评价
（52）tear短语
tear at撕，强拉 tear away 撕掉，扯开，磨损 tear A away from B 从B夺走A
tear down 拆毁，扯下，使瓦解，破坏（名誉） tear in/to/into pieces 把...撕碎 tear in two ..把...撕成两半
tear off 扯去，扯开 tear out 撕下，拉下 tear up撕掉，撕毁
（53）throw短语
throw about乱丢，乱花（钱） throw at 把...投向 throw away 抛弃，浪费，拒绝，错失（机会）
throw back 扔回，拒绝，反驳，（光线）反射 throw cold water on sb. 对...泼冷水，使气馁
throw doubt on/upon 对...怀疑 throw down 推翻，拆毁，仍下，拒绝 throw down one's tools 罢工
throw in 插话，（免费）附送 throw into 使...陷入某种状态 throw off 摆脱，匆匆脱掉，设法除去
throw oneself into 投身于，积极从事 throw out 扔出，干扰，否决
throw up呕吐，放弃，举起，批评，匆匆建造 throw up one's arms 举起双手，投降
（54）try短语
try doing/to do 试着做/尽力做 try every means 用各种办法 try for 企图获得，争取，谋求
try on 试穿 try one's best to do sth.尽力 try out 试验，提炼，参加选拔赛
（55）trust短语
enjoy the trust of 得到...的信任 have / put trust in 信任 in trust 受托的，代为保管的
take ...on trust对...不加考察信以为真 trust on 信赖 trust A to B(=trust B with A)把A委托给B
（56）turn短语
give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法 turn against 转而反对，背叛，采取敌对态度
turn around / round 转身，转过来，改变意见 turn back 折回，往回走
turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走，转脸不睬，使转变方向
turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝，折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑
turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想 turn in 交进，上缴，归还
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等），反对；依靠，依赖，取决于
turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等），解雇，避开（问题） turn into 变成
turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成，走进 turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达
turn out 结果是，生产，培养，实际情况是 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是
turn to… 转向……，（for help）向……求助，查阅， 变成；着手于
2.运用强化
1. In the city center of Xi’an, I am sure you will ________ the buildings around you.
A. be crowded with B. be fascinated by C. benefit from D. adapt to
2. I can’t believe he _____ what he had done to that family!
A. got on to B. got away with
C. got in D. got up
3. You’d better not speak of it at the beginning of the story, otherwise it may the surprising ending.
A. give away B. give up
C. give out D. give off
4. The Internet has brought________ big changes in the way we work.
A. about B. out C. back D. up
5. According to the rules of the company, those who ______ the great loss of money will have to make up for it.
A. are aware of B. are qualified for
C. are concerned about D. are responsible for
6. ________ the names as I read them to you, and then read your list back to me, to see if you have got them all right.
A. Take on B. Take away C. Take up D. Take down
7. —Shall we have a rest first or shall we business now
—It’s up to you.
A. get down to B. get over
C. get out of D. get into
8. It was the fact that his car ________ on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.
A. broke up B. broke away from C. broke down D. broke in
9. Just around the corner is a market where you can________some amazing bargains.
A. pick up B. bring up C. catch up D. end up
10. Words such as“cardiac”and“cardiology”have“cardi” in common, which in Latin the heart.
A. refers to B. focuses on C. turns into D. deals with
11. Suddenly she realized that money alone couldn’t________what she had suffered.
A. give in to B. run out of C. come up to D. make up for
12. They tried to ________ hard plastics for metals in manufacturing machine parts.
A. replace B. substitute C. take the place of D. give way to
13. I don’t know how they manage to ________ four children and they’re as poor as church mice.
A. set down B. bring up C. carry on D. spread to
14. It was difficult when she first lost her hearing,but she has learned to________it.
A. live on B. live to
C. live with D. live by
15. How are you ________ your research project You are to report your progress to the manager tomorrow.
A. carrying on with B. getting on with C. going through D. getting through
16. Varieties of programmes in the TV station________ many different types of interests and tastes among the public.
A. cater to B. appeal to
C. apply to D. adjust to
17. A very popular thing to do on Boxing Day is to go shopping and ________ the sales.
A. keep pace with B. take advantage of
C. look forward to D. throw a light on
18. The investigation shows that too much love can make boys less independent, weaker and less able to ________ frustration.
A. switch on B. cope with C. take advantage of D. develop an appetite for
19. It has been two years since this party ______. Many people wonder whether it will stay on.
A. has been in power B. has come to power
C. took office D. came to power
20. —What happened to the company
—The bad news about it a wave of selling its shares.
A. sent off B. set off
C. brought on D. set up
21. Whenever the baby cried, I needed to________ the reason: was the little one hungry or did he need sleep
A. set off B. go off C. trip over D. figure out
22. A study shows that students living in non-smoking families are less likely to ______ the habit of smoking.
A. make up B. turn up C. take up D. pick up
23. His strength had almost _____ when they found him in the desert.
A. given out B. given in
C. given up D. given off
24. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn’t ______ what color it was.
A. make out B. look into C. bring about D. take up
25. My study of biology has much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.
A. taken in B. taken down
C. taken up D. taken away
26. When things aren’t going well, he encourages me, telling me not to ______.
A. give up B. give into C. give off D. give out
27. After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to go to the seaside to _____ his health.
A. take up B. pick up C. carry up D. make up
28. Some people may struggle and ________ culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.
A. suffer from B. prefer to C. end up D. adapt to
29. The patients in Fangcang hospital said that the square dance help them _____ the life there quickly.
A. adjust to B. adjust with C. adjust for D. adjust
30. Minor Snow ______ the time when it starts to snow ______ in China’s northern areas and the temperature continues to drop.
A. sticks to; initially B. objects to; ultimately
C. refers to; mostly D. contributes to; entirely
31. The four places that ________ the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
A. fade away B. try out C. go through D. belong to
32. To their disappointment, the couple ________ the house but couldn’t find the missing ring, which was to bring them into great trouble.
A. got through B. went through C. lived through D. read through
33. —What’s the weather like today
—Sunny but freezing cold, so you should put on more clothes to yourself the cold.
A. prevent; from B. keep; from
C. protect; of D. protect; from
34. Our school football club________ twenty boys and twenty girls.
A. made of B. is made of C. is made up of D. makes of
35. We shouldn’t the difficulties that this will cause.
A. bring to light B. make light of
C. come to light D. see the light
36. Since we still have enough time, you can _____.
A. have a frog in your throat B. hold your horses
C. tick all the right boxes D. kill two birds with one stone
37. At first he refused to admit ______ in the exam, but when he was shown the evidence he ______ and admitted it.
A. to cheat; broke down B. to cheat; broke away
C. cheating; broke away D. cheating; broke down
38. These wildflowers give ________a nice smell.
A. in B. up C. away D. off
39. Bombs _________ at two London train stations last night.
A. went on B. went off C. set off D. set up
40. Hong Kong, which was by Britain in 1897, was returned to China in 1997.
A. taken down B. taken over
C. taken up D. taken on
41. The old woman _____ her sons and daughters ______ and see her from time to time.
A. suggested; to come B. hoped; to come
C. desired; coming D. desired; to come
42. It took great courage to from his family at that time.
A. break away B. break out C. break in D. break down
43. She easily _______ every argument he put up.
A. knocked off B. knocked back C. knocked around D. knocked down
44. Liu Yu’s parents think running can________his schoolwork.
A. get in the way of B. be proud of
C. fall in love with D. be responsible for
45. He gave an alibi saying he was ill yesterday. But in fact, his excuse did not ________ the truth.
A. consist in B. consist with C. consist of D. assist in
46. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to ______ what he is trying to express.
A. listen to B. make out C. pick out D. make up
47. The hot sun is the ground,and the crops can’t grow.
A. drying out B. drying off
C. drying up D. as dry as a bone
48. No matter how hard it is, the strong-willed mother will never _____ the hope to find her lost son.
A. hold up B. give up
C. hold back D. give back
49. Which choice suggests that a person is “in a real good mood”
① grin from ear to ear ② force a smile ③ roar with laughter
④ crack a smile ⑤ long face ⑥ laugh one’s head off
A. ①②③④ B. ①③⑤⑥ C. ③④⑤⑥ D. ①③④⑥
50. The differences in achievement in math between the students are partly ________ by differences in age.
A. counted on B. referred to
C. accounted for D. dealt with
51. After the long talk with the expert, I couldn’t help ______ my past studying experience, finding that I had wasted much time doing unimportant things.
A. laughing at B. reflecting on C. wondering at D. winding up
52. Not every leisured aristocrat becomes demoralized. The emperor Hirohito, instead of _______ a decadent life, was devoted to marine biology, a field _________ he became distinguished.
A. slipping into; in which B. getting hold of; that
C. getting in the way of; where D. slipping in; of which
53. As the sisters melted into the fog, I ________ to view their glass.
A. slumped into B. lumbered off C. crept forward D. hankered after
54. The heavy rain ____ our difficulty in looking for the missing cat.
A. added to
B. gave out
C. made up
D. raised up
55. One extraordinary view after another will________ the moment a tourist enters the forest.
A. catch his eye B. narrow his eyes C. lower his eyes D. drop his eyes
56. It’s important to show support for one another as we ________ these difficult times.
A. go through B. go over C. get along with D. set down
57. The company where I work is not as good as before，so the manager has decided to fire some employees to ________ the expenses of his company.
A. cut off B. cut away
C. cut short D. cut down
58. I listened carefully to his long boring speech, but couldn’t ________ what he was talking about.
A. turn out B. make out C. set out D. give out
59. He says he really can’t_____to wait another day.
A. waste B. afford C. spend D. cost
60. It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it________ people’s hearts.
A. cast a shadow on B. was bound to
C. throw light on D. make sense of
61. With large amounts of work to do, we should still _______time each day to sort out the most important task.
A. set aside B. set out C. set off D. set about
62. There was just enough light for me to ________ his face, and he wore an expression that nearly chilled my blood in my veins.
A. make do with. B. make out C. make up D. make way for
63. Most of the people present at the meeting think poorly of the proposal, which they think will _____the worsening of the environment.
A. submit to B. refer to C. subscribe to D. contribute to
64. Readers can quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get along B. get over
C. get in D. get through
65. Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to ________.
A. hold back B. move on C. catch up D. get across
66. The recent field research________the mystery of the Sanxingdui ancient tombs.
A. reached out to B. accounted for
C. threw light on D. benefited from
67. All clues _____the following: the police were wrong and he was innocent.
A. added B. added to C. added up D. added up to
68. We were watching TV when he ______.
A. broke out B. broke off C. broke through D. broke in
69. The pain is beginning to lift, and I am beginning to feel a peace ________.
A. descend upon me B. probe into me C. tell me off D. throw light on me
70. —Sorry I’m late again，but I had a flat tyre.
—Well, Jim, why not ________ a fresh story
A. look up B. take up
C. pick up D. make up
71. Douglas held his tongue, preferring not to________on a politically sensitive issue.
A. speak of B. speak out C. speak ill of D. speak up
72. She is not only gifted in music but also ________ all kinds of musical instruments.
A. is familiar with B. is familiar to
C. is on familiar terms with D. is familiar for
73. The natural scenery and the newly-built tall buildings along the streets ____ the beauty of my hometown.
A. add up B. add to
C. are added up D. are added to
74. I have a frog in my throat
A. 发烧 B. 嗓子里有一只青蛙 C. 嗓子疼 D. 咳嗽
75. While reading the play, every so often, you a seemingly random line written in ALL CAPS—so you have to go back and find why that line was capitalized in order to inform the moments before and after.
A. enter upon B. come through C. run into D. log in
76. As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to _______ the legal rights of our own in the election.
A. stand up for B. stand out C. stand by D. stand up
77. The authorities no longer to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.
A. contribute B. apply
C. subscribe D. object
78. As a hitch-hiker, I had to ______ to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.
A. get through B. get across C. get over D. get down
79. By jumping over the barriers, he_________not paying for a ticket.
A. disposed of B. got away with C. was mistaken for D. apologized for
80. The good service at the hotel the poor food to some extent.
A. got rid of B. kept up with C. made up for D. made up
81. After staying in hospital for long, the patient was advised to go to the seaside to ______ her health.
A. take up B. pick up C. hold up D. make up
82. She resigned and _____ to one of her younger colleagues.
A. handed down B. handed in
C. handed over D. handed out
83. If we can’t ________ the schedule, we’ll be in (a lot of) trouble.
A. keep to B. keep back
C. keep off D. keep out
84. The experiment group , ________ about 40 adults of similar age and education, will be assessed by language skills and test.
A. be engaged in B. is coexisted with C. consisting of D. be paid attention to
85. The law requires equal treatment for all, ______race, religion, or sex.
A. refer to B. make up C. as to D. regardless of
86. Realizing that things were becoming worse and worse, the local government ________ to find a way to stop the spread of the disease.
A. set down B. set aside C. set out D. set off
87. The boy could never ________ such a quiet life; he wanted excitement.
A. settle for B. be aware of C. burn up D. come across
88. One day I________ an old friend in the street who told me that his new book would ________ soon.
A. came across; come up B. came about; come into being
C. came out; come about D. came across; come out
89. Our basketball team _________ to win the championship game. But so did the other team, and they beat us by two points.
A. ran out B. went all out C. broke out D. gave out
90. The desire to take ________ of every opportunity ________ a benefit to one’s growth in some respects
A. advantage; has proved B. charge; has been proved
C. account; proving D. control; being proved
91. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ________at a hotel for the night.
A. putting up B. putting away
C. putting on D. putting out
92. Many colleges have taken measures to ______ the cheating of students in exams.
A. work out B. find out C. deal with D. go with
93. the problem you have encountered in life, if you are scared off by the trouble or just fate, you will amount to less than nothing.
A. Whatever big...give in to B. However big...give in to
C. Whatever big...give up to D. However big...give up to
94. I was so surprised that he________ my invitation.
A. turned in B. turned out C. turned down D. turned into
95. Just like many students studying in foreign countries, I actually ____ quite a lot of difficulties during my stay in Canada.
A. put aside B. went away C. put through D. went through
96. The platform will negotiate (协商) with hotel operators to ______ a proper solution for both sides.
A. work out B. help out C. put out D. break out
97. You are right in your prime and will have a lot to accomplish, so never ever your life in trifles.
A. pull through B. pull up C. wear away D. strike down
98. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.
A. make out B. leave out C. stand out D. bring out
99. We clean the house and ________ bad luck.
A. fade away B. go away C. sweep away D. take away
100. Yao Ming ________ his professional baskettball career when he was 17 years old.
A. took up B. settled down C. set aside D. broke away
参考答案
1. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在西安的市中心，我相信你会被周围的建筑所吸引。A.be crowded with 挤满了；B.be fascinated by被……吸引；C.benefit from得益于；D.adapt to适应。根据“the buildings around you”可知，此处是指被周围的建筑所吸引。故选B。
2. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信他对那家人做了那种事，还能逍遥法外！A. got on to转至（另一话题或活动）；B. got away with侥幸逃脱；C. got in进入；到达；D. got up起床。由下文“what he had done to that family!”可知，我不相信他对那家人做了那种事，还能逍遥法外，故选B。
3. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在故事的开头最好不要说到它，否则可能会泄露令人吃惊的结尾。A. give away 泄露；B. give up 放弃，投降；C. give out 分发；D. give off 散发出。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语give away，意为“泄露”。故选A。
4. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因特网使我们的工作方式发生了巨大的变化。A. bring about导致；B. bring out出版；C. bring back拿回来；D. bring up抚养。根据后文“big changes”表示导致巨大变化，bring about引起，导致，符合句意。故选A。
5. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据公司的规定，那些对巨额资金损失负有责任的人必须进行补偿。A. are aware of知道，了解；B. are qualified for有资格；C. are concerned about担心，关心；D. are responsible for对……负责。根据下文“have to make up for it”可知，此处指对资金负责的人应该进行补偿，be responsible for“对……负责”符合题意。故选D。
6. D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我念给你听的时候，你把名字记下来，然后再把你的名单念给我听，看看你记对了没有。A. Take on呈现；B. Take away拿开；C. Take up拿起；D. Take down记录，记下。根据“to see if you have got them all right”可知，后面要看看记对了没有，因此take down“记录，记下”符合题意，表示记下名字，再念出来，核对记得对不对。故选D。
7. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我们是先休息一下呢，还是现在开始谈正事？——由你决定。A. get down to着手处理； B. get over克服；C. get out of 摆脱；D. get into进入。短语 get down to business意为“开始干正事”，固定搭配。故选A项。
8. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天下午他的车在路上抛锚了，这使他开会迟到了。A. broke up解散；B. broke away from脱离；C. broke down抛锚；D. broke in插入。根据空前his car及空后hat made him late for the meeting可知，此处指他的汽车抛锚了。故选C。
9. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不远处是一个市场，您可以在那里买到一些惊人的便宜货。A. pick up拾起，买到，学会；B. bring up培养；C. catch up赶上；D. end up最终成为。结合句意可知，在市场上可以买到一些便宜货，pick up意为“（碰巧或廉价地）买到”符合句意。故选A项。
10. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。“cardiac”和“cardiology”这样的词的共同之处是都有“cardi”，在拉丁语中指的是心脏。A. refers to指的是；B. focuses on专注于；C. turns into成为；D. deals with与……交易。根据下文“the heart(心脏)”可知说的是上文“cardi”的含义，空白处应填表示“指的是”含义的动词短语，故选A项。
11. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她突然意识到，光靠金钱无法弥补她所遭受的一切。A. give in to屈服；B. run out of用完；C. come up to达到；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“money alone couldn’t”指光靠金钱无法弥补她所遭受的一切。故选D。
12. B
【解析】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：他们试图用硬塑料代替金属制造机器零件。A. replace用...取代； B. substitute用...代替；C. take the place of 代替。D. give way to让路，让步。substitute A for B = replace B with A用Ａ来代替B，故选B。
13. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不知道他们是怎么把四个孩子养大的，他们一贫如洗。A. set down放下，记下；B. bring up抚养；C. carry on继续；D. spread to蔓延到。根据后文“four children”指抚养孩子，故选B。
14. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她刚失聪时很痛苦，但她已经学会了适应。A. live on 以……为食；B. live to 活到； C. live with 忍受；D. live by以……为生。根据“It was difficult when she first lost her hearing,but she has learned ”可知，表示“学会了忍受失聪的事实”的意思，符合题意。故选C。
15. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你的研究项目进展如何？明天你要向经理汇报你的进展。A. carrying on with仍旧沿用；B. getting on with继续干某事；C. going through经历；D. getting through设法处理。分析句意可知，本句表述的是研究项目进展，即这件事继续得怎么样。故选B项。
16. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：电视台安排了各种节目来满足公众不同类型的兴趣和爱好。A. cater to满足需要或要求；B. appeal to吸引；C. apply to适用于；D. adjust to使适合于。结合句意并根据下文“many different types of interests and tastes among the public(公众不同类型的兴趣和爱好)”可知空白处应填表示“满足需要”含义的动词短语，故选A项。
17. B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：节礼日最流行的一件事就是去购物，好好利用这次促销活动。A. keep pace with跟上……的步子； B. take advantage of利用； C. look forward to期盼；盼望； D. throw a light on阐明。结合句中前后内容可知，这里指充分利用促销活动，选项B符合题意，故选B。
18. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：调查显示，过多的爱会使男孩变得不那么独立，更软弱，更不能应对挫折。A. switch on（用开关）开启；B. cope with应付；处理；C. take advantage of利用；D. develop an appetite for培养……的爱好。根据“too much love can make boys less independent, weaker”可知，过多的爱会让男孩更不能应对挫折。故选B。
19. D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析和时态。句意：这个政党执政已经两年了。许多人想知道它是否会持续下去。浏览选项，“be in power”意为“执政”，表示状态，“come to power”意为“执政”，强调动作，“take office”意为“就职”，根据句意可知，句中指政党执政，强调动作，故排除“A”和“C”，句子为现在完成时，“since”后的句子为一般过去时，强调执政的动作开始于两年前，故空格处应用“came to power”。故选D项。
20. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这家公司怎么了？——有关这家公司的坏消息引起了一股出售它的股票的浪潮。A. sent off送别；B. set off引发；C. brought on导致；D. set up建立。根据The bad news ，“引发；引起”符合题意。故选B项。
21. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当孩子哭的时候，我都要找出原因：小家伙是饿了还是需要睡觉？A. set off动身；B. go off离开，爆炸；C. trip over绊倒；D. figure out弄清楚，查明。根据后文was the little one hungry or did he need sleep可知，是弄清楚孩子哭的原因，用figure out。故选D。
22. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一项研究表明，生活在不吸烟家庭的学生不太可能养成吸烟的习惯。A. make up编造；B. turn up出现；C. take up开始从事，占据；D. pick up捡起，获得。pick up a habit意为“养成一个习惯”，故选D项。
23. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当人们在沙漠中发现他的时候他已经用光了最后一点力气。A. given out散发，发出（光、热、声等），发表，用尽；B. given in屈服，投降，提交；C. given up放弃，戒除（习惯等），让出；D. given off发出（气味，气体，声音等）。此处指用光力气，应用give out。故选A。
24. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我只能看见远处有一辆车，但我看不清那是什么颜色。A.make out 看清；B.look into调查；C. bring about导致； D.take up占据。根据“I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn’t”可知，但我看不清那是什么颜色。故选A项。
25. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：生物学的学习占据了我大量的业余时间，但它给了我很大的乐趣。A. taken in吸收；理解；欺骗；B. taken down写下；记下；C. taken up占据（时间或空间）；从事；D. taken away拿走。由句意知生物学占据了我大量的时间，所以C项take up符合句意。故选C项。
26. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当事情进展不顺利时，他鼓励我，告诉我不要放弃。A. give up放弃；B. give into屈服于、通向；C. give off释放；D. give out分发。结合he encourages me可知，应该是鼓励我不要放弃，故选A项。
27. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在医院住了很长时间之后，医生建议病人去海边恢复身体。A. take up 占据、从事 B. pick up （身体健康）好转 ；C. carry up追溯；D. make up 化妆、编造。根据“his health”可知此处指“恢复身体（健康）”，故选B。
28. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人在学习如何在新环境中表现时可能会受到文化冲击的困扰。A. suffer from遭受；B. prefer to更喜欢；C. end up结束；D. adapt to适应。根据“when learning how to behave in new surroundings.”可知，在学习如何在新环境中表现时遭受文化冲击。故选A。
29. A
【解析】考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：方仓医院的病人说，广场舞帮助他们很快适应了那里的生活。A. adjust to调节自身以适应；B. adjust with用……来调整；C. adjust for为……而调整；D. adjust调整。根据空后the life there quickly可知，此处指病人们调节自身以适应那里的生活。故选A。
30. C
【解析】考查动词短语和副词词义辨析。句意：小雪指的是将要开始下雪，主要在中国北方地区，以及气温持续下降的时候。A. sticks to坚持；initially最初；B. objects to反对；ultimately最后；C. refers to指的是，提及；mostly主要地；D. contributes to为……做贡献，有助于；entirely全部地。结合句意可知，第一空后是解释“Minor Snow”，refers to符合题意；第二空指“主要是在中国北方地区”，用副词mostly。故选C。
31. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：属于英国的四个地区在某些领域合作。fade away逐渐消失；try out考验；go through经历；belong to属于。根据常识可知，英国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。故选D。
32. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：令他们失望的是，这对夫妇翻找了整个房子，但找不到丢失的戒指，这给他们带来了很大的麻烦。A. got through熬过（困难或不快的时期）；B. went through翻找；C. lived through经过（不愉快的事件或变故）之后仍旧活着；D. read through通读。根据句意可知，为了找到丢失的戒指，这对夫妇应该是翻找了整个房子，“go through”意为“翻找”，符合语境，句子为一般过去时，“go”的过去式为“went”。故选B项。
33. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——今天天气怎么样？——阳光明媚，但是很冷，所以你应该多穿点衣服来御寒。此处考查“保护……免受……的侵害”，表达为动词短语protect...from...；而keep...from.../prevent...from...意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选D项。
34. C
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们学校的足球俱乐部是由二十个男生和二十个女生组成的。空处为谓语，固定短语be made up of“由……组成”，符合题意，A项是非谓语，B项“由……制成”，D项“理解，对待”均不符合句意。故选C项。
35. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们不应忽视这件事将会引起的困难。A. bring to light揭露，公开；B. make light of轻视……，对……不在乎；C. come to light暴露，真相大白；D. see the light出现，领悟。结合句意分析可知，此处表达不能“忽视”这个困难。故选B。
36. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我们时间充足，你可以慢慢来。A. have a frog in your throat说话困难；B. hold your horses耐心点，慢慢来；C. tick all the right boxes一切顺利；D. kill two birds with one stone一石二鸟。根据前文“Since we still have enough time”可知，时间充足，不用着急。故选B项。
37. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词及动词短语辨析。句意：起初他拒绝承认考试作弊，但当他看到证据时，他崩溃了，承认了。第一空是固定搭配admit doing sth.“承认做某事”，应用动名词，作宾语；第二空：broke away(摆脱)，broke down(崩溃)，由when he was shown the evidence及admitted it可知，在证据的面前他崩溃了，他承认了。故选D。
38. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些野花散发出好闻的香味。A. (give) in投降；B. (give) up放弃；C. (give) away赠送；D. (give) off发出，散发（气味，光）。分析句子可知，空处表示“发出（气味）”。故选D项。
39. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨晚伦敦的两个火车站发生了爆炸。A. went on继续；B. went off爆炸；C. set off出发；D. set up建立。根据上文“Bombs(炸弹)”可知是发生了爆炸。故选B。
40. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：香港于1897年被英国接管，1997年回归中国。A. taken down记下；B. taken over接管；C. taken up开始从事，占据（时间，地方）；D. taken on承担；呈现。根据by Britain in 1897, was returned to China in 1997.可知，英国1897年接管香港，take over符合语境。故选B项。
41. D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：这位老妇人渴望她的儿女们不时地来看望她。分析句子结构和选项可知，这里考查动词的固定搭配，suggest (sb.) doing…意为“建议做……”；hope to do sth.意为“希望做……”；desire sb. to do…意为“渴望某人做……”。故选D。
42. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那个时候，他需要很大的勇气才能脱离家庭。A. break away脱离；B. break out爆发；C. break in闯入；D. break down分解。由“from his family”可知，句子表示“他需要很大的勇气才能脱离家庭”，空格处意为“脱离”。故选A。
43. D
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：她轻而易举地驳倒了他提出的每个论点。A. knocked off使减少，使降低；B. knocked back猛饮(尤指酒)；C. knocked around闲逛；D. knocked down反驳，驳倒。根据句意可知，应该是驳倒他提出的观点，knock down意为“反驳，驳倒”，符合句意。故选D。
44. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：刘宇的父母认为跑步会妨碍他的学业。A. get in the way of阻碍；B. be proud of以……为骄傲；C. fall in love with和……相爱；D. be responsible for对……负责。由上文“Liu Yu’s parents think running can”和下文“his schoolwork.”可知，此处指跑步会妨碍他的学业，故选A。
45. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他提供了不在场证明，说他昨天病了。但事实上，他的辩解与事实不符。A. consist in在于；B. consist with与……一致；C. consist of包含；D. assist in帮助。结合语意，事实上，他说自己昨天生病这一辩解与事实不一致，空处应用短语consist with，表示“与……一致”，符合题意。故选B项。
46. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他写得乱七八糟，很难弄清楚他想表达什么。A. listen to听；B. make out辨别；弄清楚；C. pick out挑出；D. make up组成。根据“His writing is so confusing”可知，因为写得乱七八糟，所以很难辨别想表达什么。故选B。
47. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：炎热的太阳使地面干燥，农作物无法生长。A. drying out（使）变干；B. drying off弄干； C. drying up使干涸；D. as dry as a bone干极了。dry out强调把水分弄出去,用在把衣服晾干等。dry off强调把表面弄干；dry up强调completely dry，干透,用在河流的干涸,食物完全烤干。此处指太阳把大地晒干，故用dry up“干涸”。故选C。
48. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论多么难，那位意志坚强的妈妈都将不会放弃找到丢失的儿子的希望。A. hold up举起、支撑；B. give up放弃；C. hold back隐瞒、控制；D. give back归还。结合前文strong-willed mother可知，她意志坚强，永不放弃。故B项“放弃”符合句意。故选B项。
49. D
【解析】考查动词短语。题目意思为：哪个选项表明一个人“心情很好”？① grin from ear to ear 咧嘴大笑；② force a smile强颜欢笑；③ roar with laughter放声大笑；④ crack a smile露出笑脸；⑤ long face不高兴；⑥ laugh one’s head off大笑不止；狂笑不已。故①③④⑥表明一个人“心情很好”。故选D。
50. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生之间数学成绩的差异部分是由于年龄的差异造成的。A. counted on指望；B. referred to指的是，参考；C. accounted for是……的原因，导致；D. dealt with处理，应对。结合句意可知，此处是指学生数学成绩差异是年龄差异造成的。故选C。
51. B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：与专家长谈之后，我不禁考虑自己过去的学习经历，发现自己在不重要的事情上浪费了很多时间。A.laughing at嘲笑；B. reflecting on 考虑，回想；C. wondering at对……感到惊讶 ；D. winding up使(活动、会议等)结束。根据“finding that I had wasted much time doing unimportant things.”可知，我不禁考虑自己过去的学习经历。故选B项。
52. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析和定语从句。句意：并非所有的闲贵族都会变得意志消沉。例如Hirohito天皇就没有沉湎于颓废的生活，而是投身于海洋生物学，并取得了成就。根据句意可知，空1：此处意为“沉湎于，陷入”，故应用短语slip into；空2：此处引导定语从句，先行词为field，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where/in which引导。故选A。
53. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当这对姐妹消失在雾中时，我蹑手蹑脚地上前看她们的玻璃制品。A. slumped into跌入；B. lumbered off笨拙行进；C. crept forward匍匐前进，悄悄行进；D. hankered after渴望。根据前文“As the sisters melted into the fog”以及目的状语“to view their glass”可知，我的动作应为蹑手蹑脚。故选C。
54. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大雨增加了我们寻找那只失踪的猫的困难。A. added to增加；B. gave out分发，发出；C. made up构成，编造；D. raised up举起。根据“The heavy rain ”可知，此处指“大雨增加了我们寻找那只失踪的猫的困难”，故选A。
55. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当游客进入森林时，一个又一个非同寻常的景色会吸引他的眼球。A. catch his eye吸引他的眼球；B. narrow his eyes眯起眼睛；C. lower his eyes眉眼低垂；D. drop his eyes失魂落魄。根据“One extraordinary view after another”可知，此处是指景色吸引眼球。故选A。
56. A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在我们度过难关的时候，互相支持是很重要的。A. go through度过；B. go over检查；复习；C. get along with友好相处；进展；D. set down记下，写下。根据“It’s important to show support for one another”可知，度过难关时互相支持很重要。故选A。
57. D
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：我上班的公司效益不如以前好了，因此经理已决定解雇部分员工来削减公司的花费。A. cut off切除，中断，使死亡；B. cut away去掉；切成；C. cut short缩短，打断，缩减；D. cut down削减，砍倒，杀死，删节。根据上下文语境，此处表示“消减花费”，用cut down。故选D项。
58. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我仔细地听了他冗长乏味的演讲，但听不清他在说什么。A. turn out结果是；B. make out弄清，理解；C. set out动身，出发；D. give out分发。根据句意以及分析句子可知空格处缺少“理解”的意思，B项符合句意。故选B项。
59. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说真的不能多待一天了。A. waste浪费（sb. waste time (in) doing sth./ on sth.）；B. afford承担得起（sb. can/can’t afford to do）；C. spend花费（sb. spend time (in) doing sth. / on sth）； D. cost花费（sth. cost sb. time）。根据句意和动词固定搭配可知，afford符合题意，can’t afford to do“承担不起做某事”。故选B。
60. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是有史以来最惨重的太空事故，给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影。A. cast a shadow on给……蒙上阴影；B. was bound to一定要，决心；C. throw light on使……显得非常清楚；D. make sense of理解，弄懂。根据“It was the most disastrous space accident ever”可知，此处指“给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影”，故选A。
61. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有大量的工作要做，我们仍然应该每天留出时间来整理最重要的任务。A. set aside留出；B. set out出发；C. set off出发；D. set about着手，开始。由“time each day to sort out the most important task”可知，句子表示“有大量的工作要做，我们仍然应该每天留出时间来整理最重要的任务”，空格处意为“留出”，故选A。
62. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：光线足够我辨认出他的脸，他脸上的表情几乎让我血管里的血液都凉了。A.make do with设法应付；B. make out看清；辨认处 ；C.make up编造；组成；D. make way for给……让路。根据上文的“enough light”和下文“he wore an expression that nearly chilled my blood in my veins”可推断，足够的光让我看清了他的表情，故选B。
63. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大多数出席会议的人认为这个建议不好，他们认为这会导致环境的恶化。A. submit to服从，屈服；B. refer to参考；C. subscribe to同意；D. contribute to导致，促使。由“think poorly of the proposal”和“the worsening of the environment”可知，句子表示“大多数出席会议的人认为这个建议不好，他们认为这会导致环境的恶化”，空格处意为“导致”，故选D。
64. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：读者在不知道每个单词确切意思的情况下也能读得很顺利。A. get along 进展；B. get over 克服；C. get in 到达；D. get through (设法)处理，完成。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语get along quite well，意为“进展顺利”。故选A。
65. C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的祖先曾享受过大自然的治愈力量，现在科学家们开始追赶大自然的治愈力量。A. hold back阻止；B. move on继续前进；C. catch up追赶，赶上；D. get across被理解，解释清楚。结合句意可知，此处表示“赶上”应为catch up。故选C项。
66. C
【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：最近的实地调查揭开了三星堆古墓之谜。A. reached out to向……伸出援手；B. accounted for解释；占……比例； C. threw light on使（问题等）较容易理解；阐明； D. benefited from从……获益。结合句意，这里指研究阐明了三星堆古墓的神秘。故选C。
67. D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所有的线索都说明这一点：警察错了，他是无辜的。A. added添加；增加；B. added to增加；增添；C. added up合计；D. added up to合计达；意味着。根据句意可知，此处表示“意味着；说明”，add up to符合句意，故选D。
68. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他闯进来的时候我们正在看电视。A. broke out（战争、疾病）爆发；B. broke off折断、终止（关系）；C. broke through（克服困难或障碍）取得突破；D. broke in闯进。根据“We were watching TV when”可知此处表示“他闯进来的时候”。故选D项。
69. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：痛苦开始消失，我开始感到平静降临在我身上。A. descend upon me突然降临； B. probe into me 探究；C. tell me off 责备；D. throw light on me阐明；使……显得清楚。根据空前 The pain is beginning to lift，可知此处指我开始感到平静降临在我身上。故选A。
70. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——抱歉，我再次迟到了，但是我的轮胎漏气了。——嗯，吉姆，为什么不编一个新鲜的故事呢？A. look up查找；B. take up占据；C. pick up偶然学会；D. make up编造。分析句意可知，看得出对方不相信吉姆关于迟到的解释，觉得他是编造的谎言，make up符合题意。故选D项。
71. D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：道格拉斯保持沉默，不愿在政治敏感问题上发言。A. speak of谈到；B. speak out畅所欲言；C. speak ill of诋毁；D. speak up发表观点。根据上文“Douglas held his tongue”以及下文“a politically sensitive issue”可知，道格拉斯不敢在政治敏感问题上发表自己的观点。故选D。
72. A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不仅有音乐天赋，而且熟悉各种乐器。be familiar to 意为“为……所熟悉”；be familiar with意为“熟悉……，精通……”。结合句意，表示“（她）熟悉、精通（乐器）”用be familiar with。故选A项。
73. B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析和语态。句意：自然风光和沿街新建的高楼大厦增添了我家乡的美丽。A. add up合计，加算，加起来；B. add to增加，增添。根据句意可知，自然风光和沿街新建的高楼大厦增添了家乡的美，“增添”用动词短语add to，主动语态。故选B项。
74. C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我嗓子疼。frog表示“青蛙”，throat“喉咙”，have a frog in my throat表示“（因喉咙干或想咳嗽而）说话困难，声音嘶哑”，即“嗓子疼”。故选C项。
75. C
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：在阅读剧本的时候，你经常会遇到一个看似随机的全大写的句子——所以你必须回头看看为什么这句话是大写的，以便了解前后剧情。A. enter upon开始、着手；B. come through经历、度过、兑现；C. run into遇上、撞见；D. log in登录。根据下文“so you have to go back and find why that line was capitalized in order to inform the moments before and after.”可知，此