(共37张PPT)
Unit 8 语法，作文复习
译林版八年级下册
复习目标
1.复习一般将来时的被动语态的基本结构
2.复习含有情态动词的被动语态
3.复习现在完成时的被动语态
4.复习主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
5.复习在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
6.复习下列情况不能用于被动语态
7.复习如何写一篇保护环境类的文章
1.一般将来时的被动语态的基本结构
(1) shall/ will+be+done
疑问式为:Shall/Will+主语＋be-+done...
特殊疑问句式为:特殊疑问词＋shall/will十主语＋be+ done .. 该句型是常见的一般将来时的被动式,表示单纯的将来事实,常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow,next week, in a few years等连用。助动词will可用于各种人称:shall则通常用于第一人称,其语气往往要比will婉转。
[举例]She will be sent to Peking University( by our school)soon.她将很快被(我们学校)送往北京大学。
I shall/will not be asked to come back earlier.不会有人要求我早点回来。
When will the plan be discussed 这个计划将在什么时候讨论
被动语态(二)
(2) be(am/is/are)going to+be +done
be going to后接动词不定式,也是表示将来的一种结构,不是单纯的将来时态,往往含有情态意义,因此可以把它当作情态动词来看待,其被动式是be going to be done,常用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。
[举例]The road is going to be opened to traffic on May Day.这条公路将在五一通车。
The car is going to be repaired tomorrow.这辆汽车将在明天修理。
2.含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态构成形式是:
情态动词+be＋动词的过去分词;否定式是在情态动词后加not ,疑问式是将情态动词放于主语之前。情态动词有can.may,must , could , have to等。
[举例]The trees must be planted in spring.树必须春天裁。
May the exercises be done tomorrow 练习可以明天做吗
Books can't be taken out of the reading-room.书不能带出阅览室。
3.现在完成时的被动语态
被动语态是由be+过去分词构成,它的各种时态都是通过be表现出来的,完成时是由have I been十过去分词构成, have有人称时态的变化。现在完成时用 have 或has +been+过去分词构成,如:
(1)现在完成时的被动语态的肯定形式是:have/has been+过去分词。
[举例]We have been asked to bring down the price.我们已经被要求降低价格。
That important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.那个重要问题已经被讨论将近两周了,
(2) 现在完成时被动语态否定形式为:have/ has not + been+过去分词;
(3) 现在完成时的被动语态的疑问形式为:Have/Has+主语+been十过去分词。
[举例]The dirty clothes have been washed.
脏衣服已经被洗完了,
How many languages has the book been translated into
那本书已经被翻译成多少种语言了
4.主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
（1） 时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.
（2） 如果要说出动作的执行者， 并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用 by 短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用 in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.
(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句 by 的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
He cleaned the car. → The car was cleaned by him.
（4）疑问句的被动语态，用 be 动词的对应形式代替 do
Does she drive this car →Is this car driven by her
（5）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him. →He is often looked after by his best friend.
(6)主动句中有一些动词如 buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach 等，带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语（指物），另一个是间接宾语（指人），主动语态变为被动语态时，可以把间接宾语变成主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变为主语，保留间接宾语，但此时一般在间接宾语前加一个介词。
My father gave me a book.
→(1)I was given a book by my father.
→ (2) A book was given to me by my father.
She showed me some photos.
→(1)I was shown some photos by her.
→ (2) Some photos were shown to me by her.
注意： 有些双宾语动词， 如 do,pass,sell,send,sing,bring,write 等，变为被动语态时，通常以直接宾语作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to或for。
She wrote me a letter. → A letter was written to me by her.
有些双宾语动词如 answer,save,envy(羡慕)等，通常以间接宾语作被动语态主语，保留直接宾语。
He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.
（7）主动语态句中使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语为不带 to 的不定式，但变为被动语态时要加上 to，这类的动词有 make, have, let, notice，see，watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel help 等。
Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes.
→ He was made to wash the dishes.
I saw a boy cross the street .
→ A boy was seen to cross the street.
（8） It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示据说或相信的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型
It＋be＋过去分词＋that 从句或主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.。
有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）
5、 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
（1）在 need，want，require 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．
这房子需要修理。
（2）在某些形容词＋不定式做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有 nice , easy，fit hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting 等。
This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me） .
（3）在 too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6、 下列情况不能用于被动语态
（1）不及物动词没有被动语态
这类动词常见的有：take place,happen,last,rise,break out,appear 等
The accident happened last night.（√）
The accident was happened last night.(×)
（2）系动词没有被动语态
这些动词有： feel,turn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become 等。
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.This pop music _______________ ( love )by many young people now.
2.A lot of sports magazines _____________ (print)every month.
3.The computer game"Around the World in Eight Hours"_____________ (design)by Nancy Jackson.
4.My computer ____________ ( not work). I think there is something wrong with it.
5.The accident ______________ (happen)yesterday.
6. _____________ flowers _____________ (sell)in this shop
7. Some money ______________ (give)to the poor last year.
8.—When ______________ this bridge _____________ (build)
语法精练
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
is loved
are printed
was designed
doesn't work
happened
Are sold
was given
was built
二、单项选择。
（ ）1.—English is widely spoken in the world,isn't it
—Yes It's spoken _______ millions of people all over the world.
A. for B.as C.with D.by
（ ）2. —_________ the house cleaned
—Oh,we clean it twice a day.
A. When is B.How often does C. When will D. How often is
（ ）3.—_________ all the windows
—Yes，I did it just now.
A. Do; close B.Did; close C.Were; closed D.Are;closing
D
D
C
（ ）4.—Did you go to Ann’s birthday party
—No.I________.
A. am not invited B. didn't invite C. wasn't invited D. haven't invited
（ ）5.The boy_______ himself in the accident and he_______ to hospital at once.
A. was hurt; was sent B. was hurt; sent C. hurt; sent D. hurt; was sent
D
C
三、句型转换,每空一词。
1. Many countries sell educational CD- ROMs (改为被动语态)
Educational CD -ROMs _________ _________ _________ many countries.
2. Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch. (改变主动语态)
An evil witch _________ Princess Laura.
3. People play basketball all over the world. (改为被动语态)
Basketball _________ _________ _________people all over the world.
4. He told us a funny story yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A funny story _________ _________ _________ us by him yesterday.
5. He made me do that for him (改为被动语态)
I _________ _________ _________ ________ that for him.
are sold in
caught
is played by
was told to
was made to do
本单元的话题是“Going green(保护环境)”,属于“世界与环境”范畴。而“世界与环境”话题是中考常考功能话题之一,包括国家与民族、环境保护、人口三个方面。该话题与人们的日常生活息息相关，该话题类别较为丰富,其中以“怎样保护环境”和“如何绿色生活”最为常见。写作内容通常要求根据所给图文提示,介绍常见的环境污染与保护措施,谈论如何有效利用或珍惜资源,或是根据提示谈谈如何养成绿色生活方式。
如何写一篇保护环境类的文章
作文复习
常用词汇
Serious,reduce, recycle,recycling ,cause, wise.
常用句型句式
...is one of the biggest problems in the world today.
It is time for us to go green.We can save water by....We can save energy by....We can reduce pollution by....It's wise for people to choose....We should use/take....
...is a good way to....It is important for us to....It is good to....
Nature is our greatest treasure.
We should try our best to protect environment.
If we work together, we can make the world better place.
经典试题
每年6月8日为“世界海洋日(World Oceans Day)”。据报道,每年大量微塑料流入大海,导致大量鱼类死亡。作为中学生的你对此深感担忧。请根据以下五个问题,以“Saying No to Plastics"为题,写一篇100词左右的英语短文,呼吁人们减少使用塑料制品。标题已给出,不计入总词数。
提示:
1.Can you see plastics everywhere
2. Do you often use plastics in your daily life
3.Is using plastics too much good or bad for our environment
4. What can you do to reduce the use of plastics
5. What advice can you possibly give to others when they are using plastics
要求:
1.必须包含所给五个问题的提示信息,可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,语法正确,书写规范;
3.文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。
Saying No to Plastics
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
佳作示范
Saying No to Plastics
Do you often use plastics Do you know they are harmful to the environment As we all know，with the development of economy，our environment is worse and worse. People should get to know the importance of protecting it.
I suggest that people say no to plastics. Plastic letter is thought of as white pollution, which can be seen here and there in our daily life. It's true that using plastic bags is usual because they are convenient. But I never use them. The reason is that they can lead to serious environment pollution and it won't break up for many years. We should reduce the use of plastic bags. It's a good idea to use cloth bags or baskets instead of plastic bags because they can be used again and again.
In word, we must take action to say no to plastic. Let's treat nature the way we treat ourselves!
如何写一篇环保类的文章
写作分析
本单元的写作项目是写篇环保类的文章，该类文章属于应用文。在写应用文时，定要认真阅读文章的要求，列出提纲。提纲应包括文章要点和时态，以免漏掉要点，把握不住时态。同时，也不要被要点束缚，呆板地翻译要点面应该适当发挥，灵活地把要点的意思表达出来。
※常用词汇
plant trees植树. ride bicycles骑自行车; take shorter showers更快地洗澡. waste things 浪费东西，had better do sth最好做某事recycle things回收东西，tum of the light(s)关灯use both sides of the paper使用纸的正反面.at once立即马上，make surer确保，make a difference产生作用
※常用句型句式
We had better go to school by bike instead of taking a car.我们最好步行或骑车去学校面
不是乘小汽车。
We should tum off the lights as soon as we leave the room.我们应该离开教室就关灯。
Remember to turn off the tap at once after washing our hands.我们洗手后记得要立即关掉水龙头。
Before we buy something new . think whether it is necessary.在我们买新东西之前，想思是否有必要。
We should buy things made from recycled materials.我们应该买可回收材料制成的东西。
More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.越来越多的家庭拥有小汽车，这导致了严重的空气污染
Air pollution is harmful to our health.空气污染对我们的健康有害。
※常用开头结尾句
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the word today.
今天污染是世界上最大的问题之一。
It's time for us to take action to protect the environment.
我们是时候采取措施保护环境了。
Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth!
遵循这些小步骤，你可以给地球带来很大的改变!
经典试题
当前，我国政府正致力于建设”节约型”社会，倡导节约，抵制浪费。作为学生，我们也能做些力所能及的事情，如步行或骑自行车上学:随手关灯、断电;减少物品的使用和麦旧物品的回收再利用等。请根据要求和提示完成主题为"How to Save”的海报，号召更多的人加入到“节约”的行动中来。开头、结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。
要求:
1.80词左右;
2.文中不要出现作者本人的真实信息。
参考词汇:tap水龙头:uneaten food/leftovers剩余饭菜
How to Save Our government is aiming to build an "Economized Society". I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve the goal.
In a word, I think, one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what a small effort we can make.it does make a difference.
思路点拨
引出话题
I think it is every citizen”s duty to work hard to achieve the goal.
表达观点
First,don t waste thing....
Next,use things as long as possible...
Finally,collect what can be recycled in your
classroom or in your neighbourhood and sell them.
总结
In a word,I think....
佳作赏析
How to Save
Our government is aiming to build an "Economized Society". 1 think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve the goal. As students. we sill can do something to help.
Fist,don't waste things We’d better go to school on foot or ride a bike instead of taking a car o a bus Turn off the lights as so as we leave the classroom Remember to tum off the tap at once after washing our hands When we go out to eat in a restaurant ask for smaller dishes and take leftovers home. Before we buy something new,think whether it is necessary.
Next,use things as long as possible When we buy things,make sure they last a long time. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. Ir's better to use a china cup or a lunch box,because you can use them again.
Finally,collect what can be recycled in your classroom or in your neighbourhood and sell them.
In a word,1 think.one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what a small effort we can make，it does make a difference.
谢谢
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Unit 8 语法，作文复习
被动语态(二)
1.一般将来时的被动语态
一般将来时的被动语态的基本结构
shall/ will+be+done
疑问式为:Shall/Will+主语＋be-+done...
特殊疑问句式为:特殊疑问词＋shall/will十主语＋be+ done .. 该句型是常见的一般将来时的被动式,表示单纯的将来事实,常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow,next week, in a few years等连用。助动词will可用于各种人称:shall则通常用于第一人称,其语气往往要比will婉转。
[举例]She will be sent to Peking University( by our school)soon.她将很快被(我们学校)送往北京大学。
I shall/will not be asked to come back earlier.不会有人要求我早点回来。
When will the plan be discussed 这个计划将在什么时候讨论
(2) be(am/is/are)going to+be +done
be going to后接动词不定式,也是表示将来的一种结构,不是单纯的将来时态,往往含有情态意义,因此可以把它当作情态动词来看待,其被动式是be going to be done,常用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。
[举例]The road is going to be opened to traffic on May Day.这条公路将在五一通车。
The car is going to be repaired tomorrow.这辆汽车将在明天修理。
2.含有情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的被动语态构成形式是:
情态动词+be＋动词的过去分词;否定式是在情态动词后加not ,疑问式是将情态动词放于主语之前。情态动词有can.may,must , could , have to等。
[举例]The trees must be planted in spring.树必须春天裁。
May the exercises be done tomorrow 练习可以明天做吗
Books can't be taken out of the reading-room.书不能带出阅览室。
3.现在完成时的被动语态
被动语态是由be+过去分词构成,它的各种时态都是通过be表现出来的,完成时是由have I been十过去分词构成, have有人称时态的变化。现在完成时用 have 或has +been+过去分词构成,如:
(1)现在完成时的被动语态的肯定形式是:have/has been+过去分词。
[举例]We have been asked to bring down the price.我们已经被要求降低价格。
That important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.那个重要问题已经被讨论将近两周了,
现在完成时被动语态否定形式为:have/ has not + been+过去分词;
现在完成时的被动语态的疑问形式为:Have/Has+主语+been十过去分词。
[举例]The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服已经被洗完了,
How many languages has the book been translated into 那本书已经被翻译成多少种语言了
4.主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.
（1） 时态保持一致。
I have repaired my computer.---My computer has been repaired.
（2） 如果要说出动作的执行者， 并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用 by 短语，如果后面的词
表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用 in短语。
It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.
(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句 by 的宾语时要用其宾格形式。
He cleaned the car. → The car was cleaned by him.
(4)疑问句的被动语态，用 be 动词的对应形式代替 do
Does she drive this car →Is this car driven by her
（5）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him. --He is often looked after by his best friend.
(6)主动句中有一些动词如 buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach 等，带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语（指物），另一个是间接宾语（指人），主动语态变为被动语态时，可以把间接宾语变成主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变为主语，保留间接宾语，但此时一般在间接宾语前加一个介词。
My father gave me a book.
→(1)I was given a book by my father. → (2) A book was given to me by my father.
She showed me some photos.
→(1)I was shown some photos by her. → (2) Some photos were shown to me by her.
注意： 有些双宾语动词， 如 do,pass,sell,send,sing， bring,write 等， 变为被动语态时， 通常以直接宾语作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to或for
She wrote me a letter. → A letter was written to me by her.
有些双宾语动词如 answer,save,envy(羡慕)等，通常以间接宾语作被动语态主语，保留直接宾语。
He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.
（7）主动语态句中使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语为不带 to 的不定式，但变为被动语态时要加上 to，
这类的动词有 make, have, let, notice，see，watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel help 等。
Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. → He was made to wash the dishes.
I saw a boy cross the street . → A boy was seen to cross the street.
（8） It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示据说或相信的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型
It＋be＋过去分词＋that 从句‖或―主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.。
有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）
5、在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。
（1）在 need，want，require 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
（2）在某些―形容词＋不定式‖做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有 nice , easy，fit hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting 等。
This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me） .
（3）在 too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6、下列情况不能用于被动语态
1.不及物动词没有被动语态
这类动词常见的有：take place,happen,last,rise,break out,appear 等
The accident happened last night.（√） The accident was happened last night.(×)
2.系动词没有被动语态
这些动词有： feel,turn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become 等。
语法精练
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.This pop music _________ ( love )by many young people now.
2.A lot of sports magazines _________ (print)every month.
3.The computer game"Around the World in Eight Hours"_________ (design)by Nancy Jackson.
4.My computer _________ ( not work). I think there is something wrong with it.
5.The accident _________ (happen)yesterday.
6. _________ flowers _________ (sell)in this shop
7. Some money _________ (give)to the poor last year.
8.—When _________ this bridge _________ (build)
—In 2000.
二、单项选择。
（ ）1.—English is widely spoken in the world,isn't it
—Yes It's spoken _______ millions of people all over the world.
A. for B.as C.with D.by
（ ）2.一_________ the house cleaned
一Oh,we clean it twice a day.
A. When is B.How often does C. When will D. How often is
（ ）3.—_________ all the windows
—Yes，I did it just now.
Do; close B.Did; close C.Were; closed D.Are;closing
（ ）4.一Did you go to Ann’s birthday party
一No.I_________.
A. am not invited B. didn't invite C. wasn't invited D. haven't invited
（ ）5.The boy____ himself in the accident and he_________ to hospital at once.
A. was hurt; was sent B. was hurt; sent C. hurt; sent D. hurt; was sent
三、句型转换,每空一词。
1. Many countries sell educational CD- ROMs (改为被动语态)
Educational CD -ROMs _________ _________ _________ many countries.
2. Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch. (改变主动语态)
An evil witch _________ Princess Laura.
3. People play basketball all over the world. (改为被动语态)
Basketball _________ _________ _________ people all over the world.
4. He told us a funny story yesterday. (改为被动语态)
A funny story _________ _________ _________ us by him yesterday.
5. He made me do that for him (改为被动语态)
I _________ _________ _________ ________ that for him.
语法精练
一.1. is loved 2. are printed
3. was designed 4. doesn't work
5. happened 6. Are; sold
7. was given
8. was;built
二.1-5 DDCCD
三.1. are sold in 2. caught
3. is played y 4. was told to
5. was made to do
作文复习
如何写一篇世界与环境的文章
本单元的话题是“Going green(保护环境)”,属于“世界与环境”范畴。而“世界与环境”话题是中考常考功能话题之一,包括国家与民族、环境保护、人口三个方面。该话题与人们的日常生活息息相关，该话题类别较为丰富,其中以“怎样保护环境”和“如何绿色生活”最为常见。写作内容通常要求根据所给图文提示,介绍常见的环境污染与保护措施,谈论如何有效利用或珍惜资源,或是根据提示谈谈如何养成绿色生活方式。
如何写好这类文章,主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用词汇
Serious,reduce, recycle,recycling ,cause, wise.
※常用句型句式
...is one of the biggest problems in the world today.
It is time for us to go green.We can save water by....We can save energy by....We can reduce pollution by....It's wise for people to choose....We should use/take....
...is a good way to....It is important for us to....It is good to....
Nature is our greatest treasure.
We should try our best to protect environment.
If we work together, we can make the world better place.
经典试题
每年6月8日为“世界海洋日(World Oceans Day)”。据报道,每年大量微塑料流入大海,导致大量鱼类死亡。作为中学生的你对此深感担忧。请根据以下五个问题,以“Saying No to Plastics"为题,写一篇100词左右的英语短文,呼吁人们减少使用塑料制品。标题已给出,不计入总词数。
提示: 1.Can you see plastics everywhere
2. Do you often use plastics in your daily life
3.Is using plastics too much good or bad for our environment
4. What can you do to reduce the use of plastics
5. What advice can you possibly give to others when they are using plastics
要求:1.必须包含所给五个问题的提示信息,可适当发挥;
2.语句通顺,意思连贯,语法正确,书写规范;
3.文中不得出现真实的校名和人名。
Saying No to Plastics
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨
1.体裁:问题提示式议论文
2.时态:一般现在时
3.人称:试题要求学生就“塑料污染”话题谈减少使用塑料制品的使用，故以第一人称为主,第三人称为辅。
4.写作思路:文章可采用三段式结构，以减少使用塑料袋为例,首段呼吁;第二段阐述理由;第三段重申观点。
5.注意事项:写作时，应该联系实际生活,结合常见的塑料污染，如塑料袋、塑料盒等进行阐述，切忌着眼点只放在塑料两个字上。
佳作示范
Saying No to Plastics
Do you often use plastics Do you know they are harmful to the environment As we all know，with the development of economy，our environment is worse and worse. People should get to know the importance of protecting it.
I suggest that people say no to plastics. Plastic letter is thought of as white pollution, which can be seen here and there in our daily life. It's true that using plastic bags is usual because they are convenient. But I never use them. The reason is that they can lead to serious environment pollution and it won't break up for many years. We should reduce the use of plastic bags. It's a good idea to use cloth bags or baskets instead of plastic bags because they can be used again and again.
In word, we must take action to say no to plastic. Let's treat nature the way we treat ourselves!
如何写一篇环保类的文章
写作分析
本单元的写作项目是写篇环保类的文章，该类文章属于应用文。在写应用文时，定要认真阅读文章的要求，列出提纲。提纲应包括文章要点和时态，以免漏掉要点，把握不住时态。同时，也不要被要点束缚，呆板地翻译要点面应该适当发挥，灵活地把要点的意思表达出来。如何写好这类文章， 主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用词汇
plant trees植树. ride bicycles骑自行车; take shorter showers更快地洗澡. waste things 浪费东西，had better do sth最好做某事recycle things回收东西，tum of the light(s)关灯use both sides of the paper使用纸的正反面.at once立即马上，make surer确保，make a difference产生作用
※常用句型句式
We had better go to school by bike instead of taking a car.我们最好步行或骑车去学校面
不是乘小汽车。
We should tum off the lights as soon as we leave the room.我们应该离开教室就关灯。
Remember to turn off the tap at once after washing our hands.我们洗手后记得要立即关掉水
龙头。
Before we buy something new . think whether it is necessary.在我们买新东西之前，想思是否有必要。
We should buy things made from recycled materials.我们应该买可回收材料制成的东西。
More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.越来越多的家庭拥有小汽车，这导致了严重的空气污染
Air pollution is harmful to our health.空气污染对我们的健康有害。
※常用开头结尾句
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the word today.今天污染是世界上最大的问题之一。
It's time for us to take action to protect the environment.我们是时候采取措施保护环境了。
Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth!遵循这些小步骤，你可以给地球带来很大的改变!
经典试题
当前，我国政府正致力于建设”节约型”社会，倡导节约，抵制浪费。作为学生，我们也能做些力所能及的事情，如步行或骑自行车上学:随手关灯、断电;减少物品的使用和麦旧物品的回收再利用等。请根据要求和提示完成主题为"How to Save”的海报，号召更多的人加入到“节约”的行动中来。开头、结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。
要求:
1.80词左右;
2.文中不要出现作者本人的真实信息。
参考词汇:tap水龙头:uneaten food/leftovers剩余饭菜
How to Save Our government is aiming to build an "Economized Society". I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve the goal.
In a word, I think, one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what a small effort we can make.it does make a difference.
思路点拨
引出话题
I think it is every citizen”s duty to work hard to achieve the goal.
表达观点
First,don t waste thing....
Next,use things as long as possible...
Finally,collect what can be recycled in your
classroom or in your neighbourhood and sell them.
总结
In a word,I think....
佳作赏析
How to Save
Our government is aiming to build an "Economized Society". 1 think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve the goal. As students. we sill can do something to help.
Fist,don't waste things We’d better go to school on foot or ride a bike instead of taking a car o a bus Turn off the lights as so as we leave the classroom Remember to tum off the tap at once after washing our hands When we go out to eat in a restaurant ask for smaller dishes and take leftovers home. Before we buy something new,think whether it is necessary.
Next,use things as long as possible When we buy things,make sure they last a long time. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. Ir's better to use a china cup or a lunch box,because you can use them again.
Finally,collect what can be recycled in your classroom or in your neighbourhood and sell them.
In a word,1 think.one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what a small effort we can make，it does make a difference.
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