中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
话题9灾害防范《人与自然》（原版卷）
一、单选题
1．（2023·南通模拟）—Did you watch film Full River Red( 《满江红》)yesterday evening
—Yes. It was really great success.
A．the; a B．the; 不填 C．a;a D．a; 不填
2．（2023·南通模拟）—What happened to Julie
—She cut herself while she dinner.
A．prepares B．is preparing C．was preparing D．prepared
3．（2023九下·定远模拟）—_______is your home from school, Ben
—Oh, it's not very far, only _____walk.
A．How many; ten-minute B．How far; ten minutes
C．How long; ten minutes' D．How far; ten minutes'
4．（2022·巧家模拟）My parents always give me a gift when I get good grades. It drives me to work much____________.
A．harder B．hard C．early D．earlier
5．（2022·平南模拟）— Ma Yun's hotel in Hangzhou can provide all service the customers by the robots.
— How amazing!
A．with B．to C．for D．from
6．（2023·重庆模拟）Of all the languages in the world, I think Chinese is .
A．beautiful B．more beautiful
C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful
7．（2023·武汉模拟）—When are we going to visit the beautiful cherry blossoms in Wuhan University, this morning or afternoon
—__________is OK. I'm free today.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．None
8．（2023·邹平模拟） many things change a lot, a love of sports hasn't changed a bit.
A．If B．Before C．Though D．Because
9．（2022·哈尔滨模拟）—There are so many people on the playground watching the flag rise.
—Two______ them are from the villages and towns.
A．thousand of B．thousand C．thousands of
10．（2023·石景山模拟）—Do you know________ I think we're lost.
—I'm not sure either. Let's ask the policeman over there.
A．what the supermarket is B．what is the supermarket
C．where the supermarket is D．where is the supermarket
二、任务型阅读
（2021·岐山模拟）补全短文7选5
Have you ever seen black smoke out of factories, turning the sky a dirty gray 11． Cars, trucks, buses pollute the air too. Smoke from fires pollutes the air.
Land pollution, water pollution, and even noise pollution are also big problems. Both factories and common families may thoughtlessly dump（倾倒）rubbish and waste on land or in water. When farm chemicals（化学品）that help crops grow sink into the ground and water, they pollute too. 12．
Ocean life isn't safe from pollution. Ships carrying oil sometimes have accidents that dump their oil into the ocean.
13． Dirty air, or smog, is hard to breathe and makes people and animals sick. Dirty water makes people and animals sick when they drink it or wash or live in it. It also kills plants. If land takes in too much waste, nothing will grow on it, and it becomes unfit to live on.
14． Most people find it hard to change the way they live, even if they want to. And governments and big factories find it even harder to change, since the changes are often unpopular or costly（代价高的）.
Even small changes help, however. Reusing things instead of throwing them away helps. 15． So does recycling. And perhaps the future will find people using cleaner forms of energy, such as wind power and solar energy.
A. This is air pollution.
B. Stopping pollution isn't easy.
C. Using less water each day helps.
D. Dirty air, water and land are dangerous.
E. Everyone must do something to reduce pollution.
F. You should stay at home to keep away from dirty air.
G. And noise pollution is created by loud machines and cars.
三、完形填空
16．（2020·甘南模拟）阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wild animals are important
to us. They （1） together with us on the earth. The earth
without （2） is like the blue sky without clouds, and we （3） will not live on without
them. So we should see them as family members. But some people （4） don't know the importance of protecting them.
They kill wild animals for （5） and other things. Every day
many wild animals are killed. So lots of them have died out. We can't see （6） any more. Today wild
animals are becoming fewer and （7） . If people don't protect
them, they will die out. If this （8） , there will be no animals
left on the earth.
（9） , many children have begun
to know the importance of protecting wild animals. They ask （10） to stop killing them. They
also teach persons about the importance of protecting them. So far, many countries （11） some laws to （12） people from killing and
eating wild animals. Protecting wild animals is the （13） of each of us. We should
try our best to do that, （14） protecting them is protecting （15） . Let's take action now.
（1）A．play B．come C．live
（2）A．animals B．plants C．people
（3）A．as well as B．always C．also
（4）A．real B．very much C．still
（5）A．water B．food C．fruit
（6）A．it B．they C．them
（7）A．less B．fewest C．fewer
（8）A．goes on B．comes on C．moves on
（9）A．Lucky B．Luckily C．Unlucky
（10）A．the other B．another C．others
（11）A．have made B．had made C．make
（12）A．let B．allow C．keep
（13）A．rule B．life C．duty
（14）A．because B．though C．so
（15）A．myself B．ourselves C．yourselves
四、阅读理解
（2022·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
You may
have heard the saying "The Yangtze River is China's mother river." It
is almost 6,400 kilometers long. As the world's third longest river, it covers
one-fifth of China's land area. The Yangtze River Economic Zone(长江经济带) covers eleven provinces and cities, making
up about forty percent of China's total population and GDP.
On
December 26th, 2020, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which could
work on March 1st, 2021. It is the first law to protect a waterway in China.
The mother
river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it. For
example, because of overfishing and water pollution, some fishes in the river
have died out there. There's also desert-field land and soil pollution near the
river.
According
to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze's natural
waterways, including its tributaries(支流)and lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined(罚款) 50,000 to 500,000 yuan.
Digging
sand will be strictly controlled in the river. Many companies are digging sand
along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river,
which has caused the river's water to decline.
Companies
and factories along the river will need to work on green development. If their
activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away, the law says.
17．The underlined word "decline" in the passage means"_____" in Chinese.
A．平衡 B．上升 C．下降
18．From the passage, we can know that the Yangtze River covers_____ of Chinese land area.
A．2.0 percent B．three quarters C．half
19．According to the passage, the Yangtze River Protection Law has worked since______.
A．September 15th, 2021
B．March 1st, 2021
C．December 26th, 2020
20．Which of following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People who fish around the Yangtze's natural waterways will be fined at most 50,000 yuan.
B．Some fishes in the Yangtze River have died out because of overfishing and soil pollution.
C．If companies or factories harm Yangtze's waterway, they will have to be moved away.
21．What's the passage mainly about
A．It's mainly about the Yangtze River Protection Law.
B．It's mainly about how to protect Yangtze River.
C．It's mainly about how to make the Yangtze River Protection Law.
（2020·新蔡模拟）阅读理解
Earthquicks, floods, hurricanes (飓风),tsunamis (海啸)—It seems that everyday we read we about at least one of these somewhere in the world. But every year, somewhere, another kind of disaster causes great damage to plants and people. It's something much smaller and not so well-known as an earthquake or tsunami. It's an insect called the locust (蝗虫).
The locust usually does things alone—it lives on its own and eats on its own. But sometimes, something changes the way nature works. When the number of locusts increase somewhere and there are lots of plants to eat, the locusts get together in "swarms (一大群、泛滥)".
Perhaps the most dangerous locust is the desert locust. It is found in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia—in about 60 countries altogether. When desert locusts swarm, they bring problems to one-tenth of all the humans in the world.
The numbers are huge and frightening. A swarm of desert locusts can be 1,200 square kilometers in size. Imagine an area that is over 20 kilometers wide and 50 kilometers long, full of locusts. And there can be 50 million locusts in each square kilometer. Each locust eats its own weight in plants every day, so a swarm of desert locusts can eat more than 150 million kilos of food in one day. They can also fly very long distances. In 1954, a swarm of locusts from northwest Africa flew thousands of miles to finally land in Great Britain.
It's no wonder that farmers in many countries of the world fear the desert locust more than snakes and spiders. It's the desert locust that destroys the harvest and bring hunger to people all over the world.
22．How many disasters are mentioned in the text
A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six
23．Which of the following is true
A．The locust disaster happens not very often.
B．Locusts are as well-known as earthquakes.
C．Locusts are harmless when they live alone.
D．There can be 50 million locusts in each square meter.
24．Where can desert locusts usually be seen
A．In France B．In Canada C．In Australia D．In Japan
25．What may happen if there are desert locusts in an area
A．Focusts will be on fire.
B．People will get a serious disease.
C．People might die from hunger.
D．Lots of snake and spiders will appear.
26．What's the best title for the text
A．Terrible disasters B．Busy farmers
C．A flying disaster D．The laws of nature
27．（2016·宜昌）根据短文内容选择最佳答案；
There are many different kinds of disasters around the world. As an adult you know what to do during a disaster, but what about the children Some adults think it would probably never happen to them, so they don't teach their children what to do. Before it's too late, here are ways to help you prepare your child for a disaster:
Educate: It is always good to let your child know about possible disasters. This doesn't mean children have to live in fear. When teaching them about disasters, keep the conversation positive（积极的）by telling them there is a solution（解决办法）to the disaster. Keep the conversations short, allow for questions and answer honestly.
Prepare: Always be prepared, that is the best advice for children. For example, when preparing for bad weather, get the tools you need, like candles, radios, food, water and medicine. Teach your child what is needed in certain disasters so that they know what is available for them, if ever needed.
Plan: You should always have a plan for you and your child for any dangerous situation. Write out a simple list that they can read. The plan could start with “listen to an adult's advice and/or call 119”.
Practice: Once you have got the correct safety tools and worked out the right plan, practice every few months. Practicing what to do during a disaster with your child will help them if the time comes.
Disasters can't be avoidedbut they can be lessened（减轻）once you areprepared and ready for one.
（1）What does the word disaster mean
A．命运 B．灾难 C．演习 D．倾销
（2）What should adults teach children
A．When disasters will happen. B．Why disasters are dangerous.
C．What to do for a disaster. D．How to avoid a disaster.
（3）What is the correct thing to do for adults
A．Have positive conversations with children.
B．Try not to talk about disasters with children.
C．Make the children scared of disasters.
D．Ask children lots of questions.
（4）What's the most important thing for children
A．Always ask adults for help.
B．Always be prepared for a disaster.
C．Always listen to an adult's advice.
D．Always remember where the tools are.
（5）What is NOT suggested doing
A．Remembering what is needed in certain disasters.
B．Getting the children to know the plan well.
C．Helping people in disaster areas.
D．Getting radios for bad weather.
五、书面表达
28．（2020·海南模拟）肆虐的病毒(viruses)，持续的高温，频频发生的自然灾害(natural disasters)是地球向人类发出的警告。为了提高大家的环保意识，我校英文广播站组织"Save the Earth"为题的征文活动。请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文投稿，分析造成上述问题的原因并提出合理的建议（至少各补充两条）。
要求：1）语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范．
2）所有提示须全部用上，并作适当发挥．
3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名．
4）80词左右（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）．
Save the Earth
Recently, we're facing serious problems, such as the ravages(毁灭；毁坏) of human life from viruses, global warming and different natural disasters.
…
The earth is our only home. From now on, everybody should do something to protect the environment and make our home a better world.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
话题9灾害防范《人与自然》（解析卷）
一、单选题
1．（2023·南通模拟）—Did you watch film Full River Red( 《满江红》)yesterday evening
—Yes. It was really great success.
A．the; a B．the; 不填 C．a;a D．a; 不填
【答案】A
【知识点】表示数量“一”；表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意：——你昨天看了电影《满江红》吗？——是的。它真的是一个巨大的成功。the这，特指；a一，泛指。第一空根据 Full River Red( 《满江红》)，可知是特指，应用定冠词the；第二空根据空格后可数名词单数success，可知应用不定冠词a，泛指“一个/一次”。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词。注意熟记动词be“是”：第三人称单数： is；现在分词： being；过去式： was were；过去分词： been。
2．（2023·南通模拟）—What happened to Julie
—She cut herself while she dinner.
A．prepares B．is preparing C．was preparing D．prepared
【答案】C
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——朱莉怎么了？——她在准备晚饭时割伤了自己。A.一般现在时，B.现在进行时，C.过去进行时，D.一般过去时。根据 What happened to Julie 以及连接词while“当”，可知句子时态为过去进行时was preparing。故选C。
【点评】考查过去进行时。注意熟记动词prepare“准备”：第三人称单数： prepares；现在分词： preparing；过去式： prepared；过去分词： prepared。
3．（2023九下·定远模拟）—_______is your home from school, Ben
—Oh, it's not very far, only _____walk.
A．How many; ten-minute B．How far; ten minutes
C．How long; ten minutes' D．How far; ten minutes'
【答案】D
【知识点】表示无生命的名词的所有格；疑问词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——本，你家离学校有多远？——哦，不远，只有十分钟的路程。how many修饰可数名词复数，提问可数名词复数数量；how far多远，提问距离；how long多长时间，提问时间段，根据答语it's not very far不远，可知是提问距离，所以用how far，排除A、C；minutes分钟，walk步行，都是名词，所以第一个名词用名词所有格，minutes的名词所有格是minutes'。故选D。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析和名词所有格，首先识记疑问词区别，然后根据关键词句确定疑问词，最后理解名词所有格用法。
4．（2022·巧家模拟）My parents always give me a gift when I get good grades. It drives me to work much____________.
A．harder B．hard C．early D．earlier
【答案】A
【知识点】副词的比较级和最高级；副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意： 当我取得好成绩时，我的父母总是给我一份礼物。它驱使我更加努力地学习。 A.更努力；B.努力地；C.早；D.更早。修饰动词work用副词，根据 My parents always give me a gift when I get good grades. 和much可知，此处用副词比较级，且意思是“更努力”。故选A。
【点评】考查副词，注意副词比较级harder的用法。
5．（2022·平南模拟）— Ma Yun's hotel in Hangzhou can provide all service the customers by the robots.
— How amazing!
A．with B．to C．for D．from
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——杭州马云酒店可以通过机器人为客户提供一切服务。——太神奇了！provide sth for sb，为某人提供服务，固定结构，故答案为C。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意固定结构provide sth for sb的构成及含义。
6．（2023·重庆模拟）Of all the languages in the world, I think Chinese is .
A．beautiful B．more beautiful
C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在世界上所有的语言中，我认为汉语是最美的。beautiful美丽的，形容词原级；比较级是more beautiful更美丽的；最高级是the most beautiful最美丽的。all表明是最高级，故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，首先识记选项区别，然后识记all是最高级的标志词。
7．（2023·武汉模拟）—When are we going to visit the beautiful cherry blossoms in Wuhan University, this morning or afternoon
—__________is OK. I'm free today.
A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．None
【答案】A
【知识点】代词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：—— 我们什么时候去参观武汉大学里美丽的樱花，今天上午还是下午？——两者之一都可以。我今天都有空。either两者之一；neither两者都不；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不。根据 I'm free today .可知今天一天都有空，什么时间都可以，又空格后是is，说明空格处只能用表示单数的代词，故选：A。
【点评】考查代词的辨析。熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。
8．（2023·邹平模拟） many things change a lot, a love of sports hasn't changed a bit.
A．If B．Before C．Though D．Because
【答案】C
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然很多事情都发生了很大的变化，但对运动的热爱一点也没有改变。A如果，B之前，C尽管，D因为，根据 many things change a lot, a love of sports hasn't changed a bit，可知是让步关系，故用though引导让步状语从句，故选C。
【点评】考查连词辨析，注意识记Though的用法。
9．（2022·哈尔滨模拟）—There are so many people on the playground watching the flag rise.
—Two______ them are from the villages and towns.
A．thousand of B．thousand C．thousands of
【答案】A
【知识点】整数表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——操场上有那么多人在看国旗升起。——其中两千人来自农村和城镇。thousands of成千上万，其前不加具体数字；thousand千，其前加具体数字。Two是具体数字，后thousand。此处是of所有格，故them前需加介词of。故选C。
【点评】考查thousand of。注意掌握不确定数字的表达及其用法。
10．（2023·石景山模拟）—Do you know________ I think we're lost.
—I'm not sure either. Let's ask the policeman over there.
A．what the supermarket is B．what is the supermarket
C．where the supermarket is D．where is the supermarket
【答案】C
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：——你知道超市在哪里吗？我想我们迷路了。——我也不确定。我们问问那边的警察吧。A：what the supermarket is超市是什么；B：what is the supermarket超市是什么，疑问语序；C：where the supermarket is超市在哪里；D：where is the supermarket超市在哪里，疑问语序。分析句子此处为宾语从句，遵循陈述句语序，排除B和D。根据句子I think we're lost. 我想我们迷路了。可知此处是在询问超市在哪里，应用where引导宾语从句，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记宾语从句遵循陈述句语序的用法。
二、任务型阅读
（2021·岐山模拟）补全短文7选5
Have you ever seen black smoke out of factories, turning the sky a dirty gray 11． Cars, trucks, buses pollute the air too. Smoke from fires pollutes the air.
Land pollution, water pollution, and even noise pollution are also big problems. Both factories and common families may thoughtlessly dump（倾倒）rubbish and waste on land or in water. When farm chemicals（化学品）that help crops grow sink into the ground and water, they pollute too. 12．
Ocean life isn't safe from pollution. Ships carrying oil sometimes have accidents that dump their oil into the ocean.
13． Dirty air, or smog, is hard to breathe and makes people and animals sick. Dirty water makes people and animals sick when they drink it or wash or live in it. It also kills plants. If land takes in too much waste, nothing will grow on it, and it becomes unfit to live on.
14． Most people find it hard to change the way they live, even if they want to. And governments and big factories find it even harder to change, since the changes are often unpopular or costly（代价高的）.
Even small changes help, however. Reusing things instead of throwing them away helps. 15． So does recycling. And perhaps the future will find people using cleaner forms of energy, such as wind power and solar energy.
A. This is air pollution.
B. Stopping pollution isn't easy.
C. Using less water each day helps.
D. Dirty air, water and land are dangerous.
E. Everyone must do something to reduce pollution.
F. You should stay at home to keep away from dirty air.
G. And noise pollution is created by loud machines and cars.
【答案】11．A；12．G；13．D；14．B；15．C
【知识点】七选五题型；任务型阅读；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了各种污染类型，来源，危害以及如何从小处去减少污染。
A. This is air pollution.这就是空气污染。
B. Stopping pollution isn't easy.停止污染不容易。
C. Using less water each day helps. 每天少用水会有帮助。
D. Dirty air, water and land are dangerous.脏空气，脏水和污染的土地都是危险的。
E. Everyone must do something to reduce pollution. 每个人都必须做些事情来减少污染。
F. You should stay at home to keep away from dirty air. 你应该呆在家里，远离污浊的空气。
G. And noise pollution is created by loud machines and cars.噪音污染由吵闹的机器和汽车造成。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先理解选项及短文意思，然后判断并选择正确答案。
11．根据前一句“Have you ever seen black smoke out of factories, turning the sky a dirty gray （ 你见过工厂冒出黑烟，把天空变成肮脏的灰色吗？ ）”，可知此处要引出本文的主题：污染。选项A“这就是空气污染”，符合题意，故选A。
12．根据前一句“When farm chemicals（化学品）that help crops grow sink into the ground and water, they pollute too.”当帮助农作物生长的化学品沉降到土地和水里的时候，它们就开始污染了，本段介绍的是各种污染的成因。选项G“噪音污染由吵闹的机器和汽车造成”，符合题意，故选G。
13．根据后一句“Dirty air, or smog, is hard to breathe and makes people and animals sick.”脏空气或者雾霾都很难呼吸并且会让人或动物生病。及下文的 Dirty water（脏水） 可知，本段讲的是污染的危害，第三空位于段首，起总结作用。选项D“脏空气，脏水和污染的土地都是危险的”，符合题意，故选D。
14．根据后一句“Most people find it hard to change the way they live, even if they want to.”即使人们想去改变，大多数人发现很难改变他们的生活方式。本段讲污染是很难去改变的。选项B“停止污染不容易”，符合题意，故选B。
15．根据第后一段“Even small changes help, however.（ 然而，即使很小的改变也会有帮助。 ）”，本段讲如何从小处着手来减少污染。选项C“每天少用水会有帮助”，符合题意。故选C。
三、完形填空
16．（2020·甘南模拟）阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Wild animals are important
to us. They （1） together with us on the earth. The earth
without （2） is like the blue sky without clouds, and we （3） will not live on without
them. So we should see them as family members. But some people （4） don't know the importance of protecting them.
They kill wild animals for （5） and other things. Every day
many wild animals are killed. So lots of them have died out. We can't see （6） any more. Today wild
animals are becoming fewer and （7） . If people don't protect
them, they will die out. If this （8） , there will be no animals
left on the earth.
（9） , many children have begun
to know the importance of protecting wild animals. They ask （10） to stop killing them. They
also teach persons about the importance of protecting them. So far, many countries （11） some laws to （12） people from killing and
eating wild animals. Protecting wild animals is the （13） of each of us. We should
try our best to do that, （14） protecting them is protecting （15） . Let's take action now.
（1）A．play B．come C．live
（2）A．animals B．plants C．people
（3）A．as well as B．always C．also
（4）A．real B．very much C．still
（5）A．water B．food C．fruit
（6）A．it B．they C．them
（7）A．less B．fewest C．fewer
（8）A．goes on B．comes on C．moves on
（9）A．Lucky B．Luckily C．Unlucky
（10）A．the other B．another C．others
（11）A．have made B．had made C．make
（12）A．let B．allow C．keep
（13）A．rule B．life C．duty
（14）A．because B．though C．so
（15）A．myself B．ourselves C．yourselves
【答案】（1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）C；（11）A；（12）C；（13）C；（14）A；（15）B
【知识点】环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了野生动物的现况，呼吁我们保护野生动物。
（1）句意：它们和我们一起生活在地球上。play玩耍；come来；live生活。地球是人类和动物的共同家园。由“They _____ together with us on the earth”可知，野生动物和我们一起生活在地球上。故答案选C。
（2）句意：没有动物的地球就像没有云的蓝天，没有它们我们也无法生存。animals动物；plants植物；people人们。由上文“Wild animals are important to us”可知，文章是在说动物对人类的重要性。故答案选A。
（3）句意：没有动物的地球就像没有云的蓝天，没有它们我们也无法生存。as well as像……一样好；always总是；also也。分析上下句可知，此处拿动物对人类的重要性与云朵和蓝天作类比，表示“没有它们我们也无法生存”的含义，用在句中表示“也”。故答案选C。
（4）句意：但是有些人仍然不知道保护它们的重要性。real真的；very much非常；still仍然。由下文“They kill wild animals…”可知，动物对人类非常重要，但有些人在猎杀动物，说明有些人仍然不懂保护动物的重要性。故答案选C。
（5）句意：他们为了食物和其他东西而猎杀野生动物。water水；food食物；fruit水果。根据常识可知，捕杀野生动物是为了吃或者得到动物身上的其他东西。故答案选B。
（6）句意：我们再也见不到它们了。it它，人称代词主格或宾格；they他/她/它们，人称代词主格；them他/她/它们，人称代词宾格。由上文“Every day many wild animals are killed. So lots of them have died out”可知，动词see后应用代词宾格them指代上文中提到的many wild animals“许多野生动物”。故答案选C。
（7）句意：今天野生动物越来越少了。less更少，修饰不可数名词；fewest最少的，修饰可数名词；fewer更少，修饰可数名词。由“Today wild animals are becoming fewer and_______”可知，此处构成“fewer and fewer”短语，意为“越来越少”，修饰可数名词复数wild animals。故答案选C。
（8）句意：如果这样下去，地球上就没有动物了。goes on继续；comes on开始；moves on前进。由“there will be no animals left on the earth.”可知，如果不保护野生动物的这种情况继续下去，地球上就没有动物了。故答案选A。
（9）句意：幸运地是，许多孩子已经开始认识到保护野生动物的重要性。lucky幸运的，形容词；Luckily幸运地，副词；Unlucky不幸运的，形容词。由“many children have begun to know the importance of protecting wild animals”可知，“许多孩子开始认识到保护野生动物的重要性”这是幸运的，且此处应用副词形式置于句首，修饰整个句子。故答案选B。
（10）句意：他们要求其他人停止杀害它们。the other两者之中另一个；another三者或以上中的另一个；others其他人或物。由“They ask _____to stop killing them”可知，此处应用代词others“其他人”作动词ask的宾语。故答案选C。
（11）句意：到目前为止，许多国家已经制定了一些法律来禁止人们捕杀和食用野生动物。have made现在完成时；had made过去完成时；make一般现在时。由句中So far可知，本句为现在完成时态。故答案选A。
（12）句意：到目前为止，许多国家已经制定了一些法律来阻止人们捕杀和食用野生动物。let让；allow允许；keep保持。由“____people from killing and eating wild animals”可知，国家制定法律来防止人们捕杀食用野生动物，keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事。故答案选C。
（13）句意：保护野生动物是我们每个人的责任。rule规则；life生命；duty责任。由下文“We should try our best to do that”可知，保护野生动物是我们每个人的责任。故答案选C。
（14）句意：我们应该尽力做到这一点，因为保护它们就是保护我们自己。because因为；though尽管；so因此。上文“我们应尽力做到这一点”和下文“保护它们就是保护我们自己”之间是因果关系，后者为因，应用because连接。故答案选A。
（15）句意：我们应该尽力做到这一点，因为保护它们就是保护我们自己。myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己。由“We should try our best…”可知，本句主语为we，故此处应为“保护我们自己”。故答案选B。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
四、阅读理解
（2022·哈尔滨模拟）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
You may
have heard the saying "The Yangtze River is China's mother river." It
is almost 6,400 kilometers long. As the world's third longest river, it covers
one-fifth of China's land area. The Yangtze River Economic Zone(长江经济带) covers eleven provinces and cities, making
up about forty percent of China's total population and GDP.
On
December 26th, 2020, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which could
work on March 1st, 2021. It is the first law to protect a waterway in China.
The mother
river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it. For
example, because of overfishing and water pollution, some fishes in the river
have died out there. There's also desert-field land and soil pollution near the
river.
According
to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze's natural
waterways, including its tributaries(支流)and lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined(罚款) 50,000 to 500,000 yuan.
Digging
sand will be strictly controlled in the river. Many companies are digging sand
along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river,
which has caused the river's water to decline.
Companies
and factories along the river will need to work on green development. If their
activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away, the law says.
17．The underlined word "decline" in the passage means"_____" in Chinese.
A．平衡 B．上升 C．下降
18．From the passage, we can know that the Yangtze River covers_____ of Chinese land area.
A．2.0 percent B．three quarters C．half
19．According to the passage, the Yangtze River Protection Law has worked since______.
A．September 15th, 2021
B．March 1st, 2021
C．December 26th, 2020
20．Which of following is TRUE according to the passage
A．People who fish around the Yangtze's natural waterways will be fined at most 50,000 yuan.
B．Some fishes in the Yangtze River have died out because of overfishing and soil pollution.
C．If companies or factories harm Yangtze's waterway, they will have to be moved away.
21．What's the passage mainly about
A．It's mainly about the Yangtze River Protection Law.
B．It's mainly about how to protect Yangtze River.
C．It's mainly about how to make the Yangtze River Protection Law.
【答案】17．C
18．A
19．B
20．C
21．A
【知识点】社会现象类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了长江保护法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，细节理解题需要从原文找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文推断句意，根据句意确定词义；主旨大意题需要归纳文章大意，根据文章大意解题。
17．词义猜测题。根据“this has led to lower water levels on the river”这导致了河流水位的下降，可以推测出“which has caused the river's water to decline.”要表达这造成了河水下降，因此decline的意思是下降，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“As the world's third longest river, it covers one-fifth of China's land area. ”可知作为世界第三长河，长江覆盖了中国五分之一的国土面积，即20%的国土面积，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“On December 26th, 2020, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which could work on March 1st, 2021.”可知2020年12月26日，中国通过了《长江保护法》 ，该法将于2021年3月1日生效，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“If their activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away, the law says.”可知律规定，如果他们的活动对水道造成损害，他们将被转移，因此选项C正确，故选C。
21．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了长江保护法，所给选项中，选项A符合主旨大意，故选A。
（2020·新蔡模拟）阅读理解
Earthquicks, floods, hurricanes (飓风),tsunamis (海啸)—It seems that everyday we read we about at least one of these somewhere in the world. But every year, somewhere, another kind of disaster causes great damage to plants and people. It's something much smaller and not so well-known as an earthquake or tsunami. It's an insect called the locust (蝗虫).
The locust usually does things alone—it lives on its own and eats on its own. But sometimes, something changes the way nature works. When the number of locusts increase somewhere and there are lots of plants to eat, the locusts get together in "swarms (一大群、泛滥)".
Perhaps the most dangerous locust is the desert locust. It is found in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia—in about 60 countries altogether. When desert locusts swarm, they bring problems to one-tenth of all the humans in the world.
The numbers are huge and frightening. A swarm of desert locusts can be 1,200 square kilometers in size. Imagine an area that is over 20 kilometers wide and 50 kilometers long, full of locusts. And there can be 50 million locusts in each square kilometer. Each locust eats its own weight in plants every day, so a swarm of desert locusts can eat more than 150 million kilos of food in one day. They can also fly very long distances. In 1954, a swarm of locusts from northwest Africa flew thousands of miles to finally land in Great Britain.
It's no wonder that farmers in many countries of the world fear the desert locust more than snakes and spiders. It's the desert locust that destroys the harvest and bring hunger to people all over the world.
22．How many disasters are mentioned in the text
A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six
23．Which of the following is true
A．The locust disaster happens not very often.
B．Locusts are as well-known as earthquakes.
C．Locusts are harmless when they live alone.
D．There can be 50 million locusts in each square meter.
24．Where can desert locusts usually be seen
A．In France B．In Canada C．In Australia D．In Japan
25．What may happen if there are desert locusts in an area
A．Focusts will be on fire.
B．People will get a serious disease.
C．People might die from hunger.
D．Lots of snake and spiders will appear.
26．What's the best title for the text
A．Terrible disasters B．Busy farmers
C．A flying disaster D．The laws of nature
【答案】22．C
23．C
24．D
25．C
26．C
【知识点】自然地理类；说明文
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了昆虫——蝗虫带来的灾害。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和最佳标题题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；最佳标题题需要通读全文，掌握文章中心思想，从而确定最佳标题。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段 Earthquicks, floods, hurricanes (飓风),tsunamis (海啸) 地震、洪水、飓风、海啸；以及 It's something much smaller and not so well-known as an earthquake or tsunami. It's an insect called the locust (蝗虫). 它比地震或海啸小得多，也不那么出名。这是一种叫做蝗虫的昆虫，可知一共提到五种灾害。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段 it lives on its own and eats on its own. But sometimes, something changes the way nature works. When the number of locusts increase somewhere and there are lots of plants to eat, the locusts get together in "swarms (一大群、泛滥)". 它自己生活，自己吃饭。但有时，有些事情会改变大自然的运作方式。当某个地方的蝗虫数量增加，并且有很多植物可供食用时，蝗虫就会聚集成“群”，可知蝗虫单独生活的时候是无害的，一群的时候则会造成自然灾害。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据第三段It is found in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia—in about 60 countries altogether. 它分布在非洲、中东和亚洲——总共约60个国家，可知选项中只有日本满足亚洲国家的要求，其他均为欧洲国家。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段 It's the desert locust that destroys the harvest and bring hunger to people all over the world. 正是沙漠蝗虫破坏了收成，给全世界人民带来了饥饿，可知区域发生沙漠蝗虫灾害时，人们可能缺乏粮食而饿死。故选C。
26．最佳标题题。根据第一段 It's something much smaller and not so well-known as an earthquake or tsunami. It's an insect called the locust (蝗虫). 它比地震或海啸小得多，也不那么出名。这是一种叫做蝗虫的昆虫，可知文章主要介绍了昆虫——蝗虫带来的灾害，因此《飞行灾难》应为最佳标题。故选C。
27．（2016·宜昌）根据短文内容选择最佳答案；
There are many different kinds of disasters around the world. As an adult you know what to do during a disaster, but what about the children Some adults think it would probably never happen to them, so they don't teach their children what to do. Before it's too late, here are ways to help you prepare your child for a disaster:
Educate: It is always good to let your child know about possible disasters. This doesn't mean children have to live in fear. When teaching them about disasters, keep the conversation positive（积极的）by telling them there is a solution（解决办法）to the disaster. Keep the conversations short, allow for questions and answer honestly.
Prepare: Always be prepared, that is the best advice for children. For example, when preparing for bad weather, get the tools you need, like candles, radios, food, water and medicine. Teach your child what is needed in certain disasters so that they know what is available for them, if ever needed.
Plan: You should always have a plan for you and your child for any dangerous situation. Write out a simple list that they can read. The plan could start with “listen to an adult's advice and/or call 119”.
Practice: Once you have got the correct safety tools and worked out the right plan, practice every few months. Practicing what to do during a disaster with your child will help them if the time comes.
Disasters can't be avoidedbut they can be lessened（减轻）once you areprepared and ready for one.
（1）What does the word disaster mean
A．命运 B．灾难 C．演习 D．倾销
（2）What should adults teach children
A．When disasters will happen. B．Why disasters are dangerous.
C．What to do for a disaster. D．How to avoid a disaster.
（3）What is the correct thing to do for adults
A．Have positive conversations with children.
B．Try not to talk about disasters with children.
C．Make the children scared of disasters.
D．Ask children lots of questions.
（4）What's the most important thing for children
A．Always ask adults for help.
B．Always be prepared for a disaster.
C．Always listen to an adult's advice.
D．Always remember where the tools are.
（5）What is NOT suggested doing
A．Remembering what is needed in certain disasters.
B．Getting the children to know the plan well.
C．Helping people in disaster areas.
D．Getting radios for bad weather.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
【知识点】科普环保类
【解析】【分析】考查科普类短文阅读。世界上的灾难有很多形式，成年人在发生灾难的时候可能知道该怎么做，但是孩子们呢？本文的作者从四个方面给我们提出了一些建议，告诉我们如何让孩子们为可能的灾难做好准备。
（1）B词义猜测题。短文的第一句话中说到There are manydifferent kinds of disasters around the world；下文又从四个方面告诉我们如何让孩子们为disaster 做好准备，再根据短文第三段中For example, when preparing for bad weather可知，disaster的意思应该是灾难，故应选B。
（2）C 细节理解题。根据短文中Some adults thinkit would probably never happen to them, so they don't teach their children whatto do. Before it's too late, here are ways to help you prepare your child for adisaster可知，作者认为大人们应该告诉孩子们在灾难来临的时候，该怎么做，故C是正确的。
（3）A细节理解题。根据短文第二段中When teaching them aboutdisasters, keep the conversation positive（积极的）by telling themthere is a solution（解决办法）to the disaster.可知，在告诉孩子们关于灾难的时候，谈话要积极，告诉他们对于灾难是有解决方法的。由此可知应选A。
（4）B细节理解题。根据短文第三段中Always be prepared, that isthe best advice for children.可知，让孩子们为灾难做好准备，这是给他们的最好的建议。因此应选B。
（5）C推理判断题。根据短文第三段中Teach your child what isneeded in certain disasters so that they know what isavailable for them, if ever needed.可知A提到了；根据短文第四段可知B选项也提到了；根据短文第三段中when preparing for bad weather, get thetools you need, like candles, radios, food, water and medicine可知D也提到了。短文中并没有提到帮助灾区的人们，故应选C。
五、书面表达
28．（2020·海南模拟）肆虐的病毒(viruses)，持续的高温，频频发生的自然灾害(natural disasters)是地球向人类发出的警告。为了提高大家的环保意识，我校英文广播站组织"Save the Earth"为题的征文活动。请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文投稿，分析造成上述问题的原因并提出合理的建议（至少各补充两条）。
要求：1）语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范．
2）所有提示须全部用上，并作适当发挥．
3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名．
4）80词左右（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）．
Save the Earth
Recently, we're facing serious problems, such as the ravages(毁灭；毁坏) of human life from viruses, global warming and different natural disasters.
…
The earth is our only home. From now on, everybody should do something to protect the environment and make our home a better world.
【答案】
Recently, we're facing serious problems, such as the ravages of human
lives from viruses, global warming and different natural disasters.
Why does this happen
First, with large population increasing, pollution is more and more serious.
Second, people kill too many animals for food or their fur. Third, many forests
have been cut down because of human's greater need.
What can we do then I
think it's our duty to do something to help save the earth. For example, we can
live a low-carbon life to cause less pollution. Besides, respect lives, so we
shouldn't kill and eat wild animals. Last but not least, we can also use both
sides of the paper and plant more trees.
The earth is our only home.
From now on, everybody should do something to protect the environment and make our
home a better world.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇给出材料的命题性英文作文。文章在书写时要根据题目要求书写。要写出引起这些自然灾害的原因和对于挽救地球给出建议。文章要有一定的层次性。上下文的逻辑关系要合理，文章的语句要通顺，意思连贯，语法正确。
【点评】这篇文章详细描写了现在引起自然灾害的几个原因。和我们应该怎样采取措施来挽救地球。文章的层次清楚，条理性好。文章使用了常用的短语，例如such as; global warming; natural disasters; more and more; cut down; because of; for example; both sides of; from now on; 文章还是要了常用的句式结构和it作形式主语的句式结构。是一篇很好的文章。
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