中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【备考2024】三年高考及模拟分类汇编—专题13阅读理解议论文（原卷版）
三年高考阅读理解议论文试题汇编
【2023年全国乙卷】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2
A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people.
C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was one-sided.
34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society.
35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from
A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia
C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories
【2022年全国甲卷 D篇】
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
2023高考模拟阅读理解议论文试题汇编
【2023成都外国语学校高考适应性模拟一】C
Last year, I found myself in a situation: at a friend’s drinks, speaking to a total stranger. Not long into our conversation, my brain started searching for escape routes. I’m comfortable admitting that, before COVID-19, I didn’t think “meeting new people” was on my list of preferred pastimes. Maintaining relationships takes time, so why open myself up to someone new if there’s no obvious connection
Then the pandemic hit. Like many people, I was restricted to a year of limited socializing with a very small circle of friends. I’ve met a handful of new colleagues over Zoom in the last 12 months—but I can’t remember one meaningful in-person connection with someone new.
To my surprise, I now have a strong desire for meeting new people. I’d love to connect with a friend-of-a-friend at the pub or a new colleague over a slightly-too-warm white wine after work. I miss having unexpected things in common with people, but also hearing new perspectives on issues outside my own experiences.
The sense of connection with a new person can be thrilling. A 2018 study explored what happened to the brains of young adults when they met new people, and found that even 10 minutes of social interaction with a new person boosts cognitive performance. Other studies have linked new social interaction to better social and emotional wellbeing and improved life satisfaction.
I may not have had a “lockdown glow up” in the aesthetic (美感) sense, but I have learned about myself. Before the pandemic, I hadn’t realized that new people were a vital part of my social ecosystem. As the end of lockdown approaches. I’m prepared to find the courage to show strangers a less guarded version of myself.
8. What can we learn about the author before the pandemic
A. He loved being alone. B. He was outgoing and sociable.
C. He enjoyed making new friends. D. He had no desire to meet new people.
9. The 2018 study is mentioned to
A. link new social interaction to better life
B. show the benefits of meeting new people
C. imply the anxiety caused by meeting new people
D. explain how the pandemic affects human brains
10. Which of the following may the author agree with
A. It pays to open yourself up to old friends.
B. It’s vital to guard yourself against strangers.
C. Meeting new people may bring excitement to life.
D. Zoom help people build close connections with strangers.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The author didn’t think well of the lockdown.
B. Lockdown enhanced the author’s aesthetic ability.
C. The author’s aesthetic ability needed to be improved.
D. The pandemic helped the author better understand himself.
【2023河南省郑州高三5月考前模拟三】D
Some experts have been concerned lately about robots leaving humans behind, taking our jobs and possibly a lot more, as in sci-fi films. Christ of Koch, a famous neuroscientist (神经学家), has suggested a novel method. To keep up with the machines, we should increase our brainpower with brain implants (植人物).
Koch notes that brain implants are already helping the paralyzed or people unable to move control computers and robots, and they are being explored for the treatment of mental disorders. Future implants could help us download huge amounts of information instantly, he says, so we can learn “novel skills and facts without even trying”. “Another exciting aspect,” Koch says, “is combining two or more brains into a single conscious mind by direct neuron-to-neuron links.” Koch calls for a “crash program” in brain technologies to make us smarter.
But Koch ignores the obvious facts that bad persons can hack (侵入) into our smartphones and laptops. What if hackers could attack our brains They may be able to spy on, change or control the memories of people implanted with brain devices. What’s more, we are nowhere close to being able to strengthen the brain in the manner that Koch imagines. Scientists have been experimenting with neuro-technologies for mental illness for more than half a century, and they have little to show for it.
Koch genuinely feared that science, far from addressing our problems, might exacerbate them. The use of robots in the workshop, for example, could cause mass unemployment. Do we just count the immediate job losses—without measuring any other potential positive effect on the economy Despite losing some jobs to robots in the short term, the increase in productivity will help our overall economy grow faster, which, in turn, will create more, higher quality jobs than we had before.
The future is not as scary as we think. Perhaps we’ve got serious problems on our hands, and we have a lot of work to do to settle them. Brain implants are not the answer.
12. What leads to Koch’s optimism about future brain implants
A. The great advance in AI research. B. Their application in medical fields.
C. The breakthrough in surgical techniques. D. Their easy adaptation to the human body.
13. How does the author feel about Koch’s “crash program” in brain technologies
A. Disapproving. B. Unconcerned. C. Favorable. D. Excited.
14. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Avoid. B. Worsen. C. Reduce. D. Answer.
15. What’s the best title for the text
A. Are Brain Implants at Risk of Hacker Attack
B. Will Robots Take the Place of Humans in Future
C. Will Brain Implants Let the Disabled Live Normally
D. Do We Need Brain Implants to Keep Up with Robots
【2023湖北省高考冲刺模拟试卷八】C
Online classes began to be popularized just a few decades ago. They are advertised as a way for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace -- it is far more suitable for people with busy schedules.
But after being enrolled in an online course last fall semester, I came to realize online classes were merely a means to fulfil course requirements.
First of all, students lack the desire to learn and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.
As online courses tend to have more than 100 students, most of the assignments are short and simple. They are not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number of students.
Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between the teacher and their students. Live sessions are infrequent and are often scheduled during the middle of the day when students have to attend other classes or work. The office hours of the professor may also be during inconvenient times for many students as well. Most interaction with the professor has to be through email which is often impersonal. It is nearly impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.
There is also little interaction among students. It can be harder to create study groups and form relationships with their peers.
Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable Internet connection. Not all students have access to these types of resources, whether it is for financial or other reasons, and some students can be put at a disadvantage.
Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend classroom sessions. However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking. We need restructured online classes in which students can have a learning experience that will actually provide quality education.
8. What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes
A. They are unmotivated to learn. B. They can access course materials easily.
C. They can learn at their own pace. D. They rarely fulfil the course requirements.
9. What does the author think of online course assignments
A. They are based on easily accessible material.
B. They are meant to facilitate interaction.
C. They are made convenient to mark.
D. They are given to accommodate students’ needs.
10. What does the author say is one disadvantage of online classes
A. They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.
B. They provide little chance for students to build relationships with each other.
C. They tend to increase professors’ burden of responding to students’ emails.
D. They make professors offices much less accessible.
11. What does the author think makes up a key part of genuine education
A. Acquisition of useful knowledge. B. Training of real-life skills on campus.
C. Development of students’ personalities. D. Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.
【2023陕西省西工大附属中学第十三次适应性训练】B
For Derek Veal, it all started when he explored his grandfather’s old house in Georgia. He found an old suitcase filled with photographs, some more than 100 years old. The suitcase belonged to his great-grandmother, who had Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) and lived in a nursing home. Veal and his grandfather went to visit her with the photos, hoping she could tell them more about the photos. What happened next changed Veal’s life.
“Everything came back to her when she saw these pictures,” Veal said. “She recognized her sisters, her aunts, her grandparents…It was the first time I had ever seen someone’s excitement from an old photo returning to them.”
The experience made Veal realize the power of old photographs to hold precious and long-forgotten memories and restore a sense of identity. It never left him. Two years ago, when he came across old family photos for sale at a thrift store(旧货店), he decided to pick one picture and try to track down the family. Soon, he was inspired to buy more photos and started a Facebook group called Old Photo Project to aid in finding their families.
Veal is not alone in this hobby. Photo and genealogy (家谱学) enthusiasts worldwide regularly go through thrift stores, flea markets and the like, finding vintage photos with the objective of reuniting the photos with their families. They also use the internet and even social media to track down the families and faces in the lost photos.
David Gutenmacher, 26, lives in Queens, New York, and started his project, Museum of Lost Memories, in late 2020. He has already had over 300, 000 followers on Instagram and over 750, 000 on TikTok. “Some of my posts have gone viral and twice a person or family was tracked down in a matter of minutes!” Gutenmacher said. The motivation behind this hobby seems to be a combination of enjoying the detective work it takes to solve the puzzle, and the memories these lost pictures can bring back to the families they belong to.
What makes this hobby so unique is not only how it gives people the chance to help others, but it also brings these enthusiasts a sense of purpose. “I feel like this is my calling,” said Gutenmacher. “The more I return memories, the more it feels like I’m supposed to be doing this.”
4. According to the text, what changed Veal’s life
A. His awareness of the value of old photos.
B. The true stories about his great-grandmother.
C. His family’s history shown in the photographs.
D. His exploration of his grandfather’s old house.
5. What do the underlined words “have gone viral” mean in paragraph 5
A. Have been updated regularly. B. Have made people think deeply.
C. Have received some comments. D. Have spread quickly and widely.
6. How does Gutenmacher feel about what he does with the lost photographs
A. It’s not easy. B. It’s not enough. C. It’s his duty. D. It’s just a hobby.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Returning Lost Memories B. Old Photos for Photo Enthusiasts
C. The Power of Photos on the Internet D. Researching the History of a Family
【2023江西省赣州市部分学校高三4月联考】D
When cultural heritage sites disappear, they’re gone forever. However, they are being endangered at an alarming rate by rising seas (Venice), pollution (the Taj Mahal) and overtourism (Angkor Wat). Just to name a few.
But when we try to protect these heritage sites, we also have to face such thorny questions as “What part of the past is worth preserving and passing on to the next generations What duty do we owe to the creations of our ancestors What strength do we draw from their presence — and when, on the contrary, do they become a lead weight, preventing us from projecting ourselves into the future ”
Humankind has answered these difficult questions differently in different places. In Dresden, Germany, the Frauenkirche was an 18th-century church whose bell-shaped top was a landmark. In February, 1945, one of the most destructive bombing attacks of World War II killed more than 25,000 people and reduced the city to ruins. With Dresden slowly rebuilt after the war, the Frauenkirche was left in ruins. But after German reunification, the church was reconstructed using many of its original materials, as a statement of peace and harmony.
Like the Frauenkirche, Notre Dame, a landmark in Paris, which was destroyed by fire in 2019, is being rebuilt as close as possible to how it was before, including using the original and poisonous metal-lead-for the roof. That choice was controversial, as future choices are bound to be in the debate about how to restore and preserve historic buildings.
Perhaps, no one can claim to have the right answers on preservation. There may not even be right answers. What we will do is to continue to take care of important cultural heritage sites, as a matter of significance to humanity’s past, present and future.
12. Which heritage site is overcrowded
A. Venice. B. Dresden. C. The Taj Mahal. D. Angkor Wat.
13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “thorny” in paragraph 2
A. Tough. B. Smart. C. Interesting. D. Important.
14. What does the author dislike about the rebuilding of Notre Dame
A. The high rebuilding costs. B. The timing of reconstruction.
C. The choice of certain material. D. The significance of preservation
15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. We should protect as many heritage sites as possible.
B. It is better to leave the damaged historic buildings alone.
C. Historic buildings should be rebuilt with the same materials.
D. Heritage sites serve as an important link among human beings.
【2023四川省高考专家联测卷(三)】C
Nearly 10,000 protesters came out in support of the Black Lives Matter rally in London. Londoners filled Victoria Park in support of the Black Lives Matter movement against the systemic racism and police brutality (暴行) happening in the United States and Canada.
The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of Black men dying while in police custody.
“Racism happens here, it happens to me, it happens to my son, it happens to my friends, and we have just been quiet and silent for far too long,” said Alexandra Kane, a spokesperson for Black Lives Matter London movement. She is hoping that from the Black Lives Matter movements they can see reform and changes within the government so that both Black and Indigenous people are “viewed and treated fairly”. “We want people within our own Black community to know we support each other. We don’t often congregate and come together, but now we can do so safely without the fear of being put into a stereotypical category.”
“I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the rally. Meanwhile, “It disgusts me because we are human beings just like anyone else and we should not be treated differently,” cried 10-year-old Noah.
Nichelle Samuel was there with her husband and daughter in solidarity with her fellow Black Canadians calling for change. “Every time my husband leaves the house, it’s a constant worry something may happen,” she said. “Seeing what happens in the states only kind of effects here on a silent level. I want this rally to let people know this stuff happens silently, and if you see it, you hear it, do something about it.”
28. What does the author indicate to us by the example of Floyd in Paragraph 2
A. American police are very violent.
B. Floyd’s tragic death was caused by a white cop.
C. People all over the world sympathized with Floyd.
D. Black people have long suffered from racial discrimination.
29. Who was involved in organization of Black Lives Matter rally in London
A. Nichelle Samuel. B. Alexandra Kane. C. Simone Schacht. D. Noah.
30. What does the underlined word “congregate” probably mean
A. unite B. defeat C. transform D. congratulate
31. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. The government should not be blamed for the failure of white police.
B. The death of Floyd was a trigger for the Black Lives Matter.
C. Discrimination based on skin color is bad but inevitable.
D. Black Lives Matter rally may not work.
【2023四川省高考专家联测卷(三)】D
The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child died.
◆ Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock (家畜) with ideal characters for agriculture and industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.
◆ Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.
◆ It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce! It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves, and it will probably provide a valuable basic research and possibly spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.
◆ Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect organs for transplant. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of a single organ or more organs.
AGAINST
◆ Cloning would intervene in the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances of mutation (变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason why living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.
◆ Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.
◆ If the technology were to be so, scientists could transfer human genes into animals’ and vice versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.
◆ Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.
32. If a single lady wants a baby but she does not accept artificial insemination, she might ________.
A. think about cloning technology to copy one
B. be against having a child from cloning technology
C. produce livestock with ideal characters
D. speak little of the cloning technology
33. The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to ________.
A. encourage us to support the ideas of FOR
B. advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINST
C. tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctly
D. introduce us to remember the ideas of FOR and AGAINST
34. What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning
A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
35. What would be the best title for the passage
A. How many advantages are there B. How many disadvantages are there
C. Which side is wrong D. Which side are you with
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【备考2024】三年高考及模拟分类汇编—专题13阅读理解议论文（解析版）
三年高考阅读理解议论文试题汇编
【2023年全国乙卷】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2
A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people.
C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was one-sided.
34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society.
35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from
A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia
C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【语篇大意】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。
【32题详解】
考查主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. (如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有过文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. (理想情况下，历史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。)”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. (在英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。)”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. (加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“ If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
【2022年全国甲卷 D篇】
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A
【语篇大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
【32题解析】
考查主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C。
【33题解析】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。
【34题解析】
考查推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A。
【35题解析】
考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A。
2023高考模拟阅读理解议论文试题汇编
【2023成都外国语学校高考适应性模拟一】C
Last year, I found myself in a situation: at a friend’s drinks, speaking to a total stranger. Not long into our conversation, my brain started searching for escape routes. I’m comfortable admitting that, before COVID-19, I didn’t think “meeting new people” was on my list of preferred pastimes. Maintaining relationships takes time, so why open myself up to someone new if there’s no obvious connection
Then the pandemic hit. Like many people, I was restricted to a year of limited socializing with a very small circle of friends. I’ve met a handful of new colleagues over Zoom in the last 12 months—but I can’t remember one meaningful in-person connection with someone new.
To my surprise, I now have a strong desire for meeting new people. I’d love to connect with a friend-of-a-friend at the pub or a new colleague over a slightly-too-warm white wine after work. I miss having unexpected things in common with people, but also hearing new perspectives on issues outside my own experiences.
The sense of connection with a new person can be thrilling. A 2018 study explored what happened to the brains of young adults when they met new people, and found that even 10 minutes of social interaction with a new person boosts cognitive performance. Other studies have linked new social interaction to better social and emotional wellbeing and improved life satisfaction.
I may not have had a “lockdown glow up” in the aesthetic (美感) sense, but I have learned about myself. Before the pandemic, I hadn’t realized that new people were a vital part of my social ecosystem. As the end of lockdown approaches. I’m prepared to find the courage to show strangers a less guarded version of myself.
8. What can we learn about the author before the pandemic
A. He loved being alone. B. He was outgoing and sociable.
C. He enjoyed making new friends. D. He had no desire to meet new people.
9. The 2018 study is mentioned to
A. link new social interaction to better life
B. show the benefits of meeting new people
C. imply the anxiety caused by meeting new people
D. explain how the pandemic affects human brains
10. Which of the following may the author agree with
A. It pays to open yourself up to old friends.
B. It’s vital to guard yourself against strangers.
C. Meeting new people may bring excitement to life.
D. Zoom help people build close connections with strangers.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The author didn’t think well of the lockdown.
B. Lockdown enhanced the author’s aesthetic ability.
C. The author’s aesthetic ability needed to be improved.
D. The pandemic helped the author better understand himself.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的疫情期间的感受，意识到结交新朋友是有必要的。
【8题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段中“I’m comfortable admitting that, before COVID-19, I didn’t think “meeting new people” was on my list of preferred pastimes. Maintaining relationships takes time, so why open myself up to someone new if there’s no obvious connection (我很坦然地承认，在COVID-19之前，我不认为“认识新朋友”是我首选的消遣方式之一。维持关系需要时间，所以如果没有明显的联系，为什么要向一个新的人敞开心扉呢 )”可知，在疫情之前，我们能了解到作者他不想认识新朋友。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“A 2018 study explored what happened to the brains of young adults when they met new people, and found that even 10 minutes of social interaction with a new person boosts cognitive performance. Other studies have linked new social interaction to better social and emotional wellbeing and improved life satisfaction.(2018年的一项研究探索了年轻人遇到陌生人时大脑的变化，发现即使与陌生人进行10分钟的社会互动也能提高认知表现。其他研究表明，新的社会互动与更好的社交和情绪健康以及提高生活满意度有关)”可知，2018年的研究被提到，是为了展示结识新朋友的好处。故选B项
【10题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The sense of connection with a new person can be thrilling.(与一个新人的联系是令人兴奋的)”可推知，作者可能同意结识新朋友会给生活带来刺激。故选C项。
【11题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段“I may not have had a “lockdown glow up” in the aesthetic sense, but I have learned about myself. Before the pandemic, I hadn’t realized that new people were a vital part of my social ecosystem. As the end of lockdown approaches. I’m prepared to find the courage to show strangers a less guarded version of myself.(在美学意义上，我可能没有“锁定的光辉”，但我了解了自己。在疫情之前，我没有意识到新人是我的社会生态系统的重要组成部分。随着封锁结束的临近，我准备鼓起勇气向陌生人展示一个不那么戒备的自己)”可知，从这段我们能学到，疫情帮助作者更好地了解自己。故选D项。
【2023河南省郑州高三5月考前模拟三】D
Some experts have been concerned lately about robots leaving humans behind, taking our jobs and possibly a lot more, as in sci-fi films. Christ of Koch, a famous neuroscientist (神经学家), has suggested a novel method. To keep up with the machines, we should increase our brainpower with brain implants (植人物).
Koch notes that brain implants are already helping the paralyzed or people unable to move control computers and robots, and they are being explored for the treatment of mental disorders. Future implants could help us download huge amounts of information instantly, he says, so we can learn “novel skills and facts without even trying”. “Another exciting aspect,” Koch says, “is combining two or more brains into a single conscious mind by direct neuron-to-neuron links.” Koch calls for a “crash program” in brain technologies to make us smarter.
But Koch ignores the obvious facts that bad persons can hack (侵入) into our smartphones and laptops. What if hackers could attack our brains They may be able to spy on, change or control the memories of people implanted with brain devices. What’s more, we are nowhere close to being able to strengthen the brain in the manner that Koch imagines. Scientists have been experimenting with neuro-technologies for mental illness for more than half a century, and they have little to show for it.
Koch genuinely feared that science, far from addressing our problems, might exacerbate them. The use of robots in the workshop, for example, could cause mass unemployment. Do we just count the immediate job losses—without measuring any other potential positive effect on the economy Despite losing some jobs to robots in the short term, the increase in productivity will help our overall economy grow faster, which, in turn, will create more, higher quality jobs than we had before.
The future is not as scary as we think. Perhaps we’ve got serious problems on our hands, and we have a lot of work to do to settle them. Brain implants are not the answer.
12. What leads to Koch’s optimism about future brain implants
A. The great advance in AI research. B. Their application in medical fields.
C. The breakthrough in surgical techniques. D. Their easy adaptation to the human body.
13. How does the author feel about Koch’s “crash program” in brain technologies
A. Disapproving. B. Unconcerned. C. Favorable. D. Excited.
14. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Avoid. B. Worsen. C. Reduce. D. Answer.
15. What’s the best title for the text
A. Are Brain Implants at Risk of Hacker Attack
B. Will Robots Take the Place of Humans in Future
C. Will Brain Implants Let the Disabled Live Normally
D. Do We Need Brain Implants to Keep Up with Robots
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了大脑植入是否能够帮助我们解决技术所带来的问题——机器人会把人类抛在后面，抢走我们的工作，甚至一切。
【12题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Koch notes that brain implants are already helping the paralyzed or people unable to move control computers and robots, and they are being explored for the treatment of mental disorders. Future implants could help us download huge amounts of information instantly, he says, so we can learn “novel skills and facts without even trying”.(科赫指出，大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍。他说，未来的植入物可以帮助我们立即下载大量信息，这样我们就可以“毫不费力地学习新的技能和事实”)”可知，科赫认为目前大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍。所以他对于未来的大脑植入物能够帮助我们毫不费力地学习新技能和事实抱有乐观的态度。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But Koch ignores the obvious facts that bad persons can hack(侵入) into our smartphones and laptops. What if hackers could attack our brains They may be able to spy on, change or control the memories of people implanted with brain devices. What’s more, we are nowhere close to being able to strengthen the brain in the manner that Koch imagines.(但科赫忽略了一个显而易见的事实：坏人可以侵入我们的智能手机和笔记本电脑。如果黑客可以攻击我们的大脑呢？他们或许能够监视、改变或控制植入大脑设备的人的记忆。更重要的是，我们离能够以科赫想象的方式增强大脑还差得很远)”可知，作者对于科赫的想法是不赞同的。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义辨析题。根据划线单词下一句“The use of robots in the workshop, for example, could cause mass unemployment.(例如，在车间使用机器人可能会导致大规模失业)”可知，在车间使用机器人会导致大规模失业，也就是说在车间使用机器人只可能加剧问题而不是解决问题。所以划线单词和“加剧”意思相似。选项A“Avoid (避免)”；选项B“Worsen (恶化)”；选项C“Reduce (减少)”；选项D“Answer (回答)”。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Christ of Koch, a famous neuroscientist(神经学家), has suggested a novel method. To keep up with the machines, we should increase our brainpower with brain implants(植人物).(著名的神经学家克里斯特·科赫提出了一种新方法。为了跟上机器的步伐，我们应该通过植入大脑来提高我们的智力)”、第二段“Koch notes that brain implants are already helping the paralyzed or people unable to move control computers and robots, and they are being explored for the treatment of mental disorders.(科赫指出，大脑植入物已经在帮助瘫痪或无法移动的人控制电脑和机器人，并且正在探索用于治疗精神障碍)”、第三段“But Koch ignores the obvious facts that bad persons can hack(侵入) into our smartphones and laptops.(但科赫忽略了一个显而易见的事实:坏人可以侵入我们的智能手机和笔记本电脑)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了我们是否需要大脑植入物来跟上机器人。所以“Do We Need Brain Implants to Keep Up with Robots ( 我们需要大脑植入物来跟上机器人吗 )”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
【2023湖北省高考冲刺模拟试卷八】C
Online classes began to be popularized just a few decades ago. They are advertised as a way for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace -- it is far more suitable for people with busy schedules.
But after being enrolled in an online course last fall semester, I came to realize online classes were merely a means to fulfil course requirements.
First of all, students lack the desire to learn and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.
As online courses tend to have more than 100 students, most of the assignments are short and simple. They are not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number of students.
Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between the teacher and their students. Live sessions are infrequent and are often scheduled during the middle of the day when students have to attend other classes or work. The office hours of the professor may also be during inconvenient times for many students as well. Most interaction with the professor has to be through email which is often impersonal. It is nearly impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.
There is also little interaction among students. It can be harder to create study groups and form relationships with their peers.
Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable Internet connection. Not all students have access to these types of resources, whether it is for financial or other reasons, and some students can be put at a disadvantage.
Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend classroom sessions. However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking. We need restructured online classes in which students can have a learning experience that will actually provide quality education.
8. What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes
A. They are unmotivated to learn. B. They can access course materials easily.
C. They can learn at their own pace. D. They rarely fulfil the course requirements.
9. What does the author think of online course assignments
A. They are based on easily accessible material.
B. They are meant to facilitate interaction.
C. They are made convenient to mark.
D. They are given to accommodate students’ needs.
10. What does the author say is one disadvantage of online classes
A. They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.
B. They provide little chance for students to build relationships with each other.
C. They tend to increase professors’ burden of responding to students’ emails.
D. They make professors offices much less accessible.
11. What does the author think makes up a key part of genuine education
A. Acquisition of useful knowledge. B. Training of real-life skills on campus.
C. Development of students’ personalities. D. Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。主要说明了在线课程的弊端并呼吁设计更加高效的在线课程。
【8题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第三段“First of all, students lack the desire to learn and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.”（首先，学生们缺乏学习的欲望，他们只是完成作业来获得及格的学分，而不是真正地投入到课程材料中）可知，作者认为注册在线课程的学生缺乏学习的动机，只是机械的完成任务获得学分。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“They are not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number of students.”（它们不是为了让学生与材料进行深入的互动而设计的，而是为了适应如此大量的学生，使评分更加容易）可知，作者认为在线课程的任务设计是为了使评分更加便捷容易。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between the teacher and their students.”（也许在线课程最大的缺点是老师和学生之间缺乏面对面的互动）及第六段第一句“There is also little interaction among students.”（学生之间的互动也很少）可知，作者认为在线课程的弊端之一是学生之间没有机会进行面对面互动，构建联系。故选B项。
【11题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking.”（然而，他们没有提供真正的教育，一味强调便捷而不是批判性思维）可知，作者认为在线课程一味地强调便捷而忽视了批判性思维的培养，也就不能提供真正的教育，故批判性思维的培养应是真正的教育的关键。故选D项。
【2023陕西省西工大附属中学第十三次适应性训练】B
For Derek Veal, it all started when he explored his grandfather’s old house in Georgia. He found an old suitcase filled with photographs, some more than 100 years old. The suitcase belonged to his great-grandmother, who had Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) and lived in a nursing home. Veal and his grandfather went to visit her with the photos, hoping she could tell them more about the photos. What happened next changed Veal’s life.
“Everything came back to her when she saw these pictures,” Veal said. “She recognized her sisters, her aunts, her grandparents…It was the first time I had ever seen someone’s excitement from an old photo returning to them.”
The experience made Veal realize the power of old photographs to hold precious and long-forgotten memories and restore a sense of identity. It never left him. Two years ago, when he came across old family photos for sale at a thrift store(旧货店), he decided to pick one picture and try to track down the family. Soon, he was inspired to buy more photos and started a Facebook group called Old Photo Project to aid in finding their families.
Veal is not alone in this hobby. Photo and genealogy (家谱学) enthusiasts worldwide regularly go through thrift stores, flea markets and the like, finding vintage photos with the objective of reuniting the photos with their families. They also use the internet and even social media to track down the families and faces in the lost photos.
David Gutenmacher, 26, lives in Queens, New York, and started his project, Museum of Lost Memories, in late 2020. He has already had over 300, 000 followers on Instagram and over 750, 000 on TikTok. “Some of my posts have gone viral and twice a person or family was tracked down in a matter of minutes!” Gutenmacher said. The motivation behind this hobby seems to be a combination of enjoying the detective work it takes to solve the puzzle, and the memories these lost pictures can bring back to the families they belong to.
What makes this hobby so unique is not only how it gives people the chance to help others, but it also brings these enthusiasts a sense of purpose. “I feel like this is my calling,” said Gutenmacher. “The more I return memories, the more it feels like I’m supposed to be doing this.”
4. According to the text, what changed Veal’s life
A. His awareness of the value of old photos.
B. The true stories about his great-grandmother.
C. His family’s history shown in the photographs.
D. His exploration of his grandfather’s old house.
5. What do the underlined words “have gone viral” mean in paragraph 5
A. Have been updated regularly. B. Have made people think deeply.
C. Have received some comments. D. Have spread quickly and widely.
6. How does Gutenmacher feel about what he does with the lost photographs
A. It’s not easy. B. It’s not enough. C. It’s his duty. D. It’s just a hobby.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Returning Lost Memories B. Old Photos for Photo Enthusiasts
C. The Power of Photos on the Internet D. Researching the History of a Family
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A
【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述一些人利用旧照片帮助人们恢复记忆甚至找到家人的故事。
【4题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第三段“The experience made Veal realize the power of old photographs to hold precious and long-forgotten memories and restore a sense of identity. (这段经历让Veal意识到旧照片的力量，可以保存珍贵而被遗忘已久的记忆，恢复身份感)”可知，Veal意识到旧照片的力量，从此改变了他的生活。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查词句猜测题。根据第四段“They also use the internet and even social media to track down the families and faces in the lost photos.(他们还利用互联网甚至社交媒体追踪丢失照片中的家人和面孔)”和第五段“He has already had over 300, 000 followers on Instagram and over 750, 000 on TikTok. “Some of my posts have gone viral and twice a person or family was tracked down in a matter of minutes!” Gutenmacher said.(他在Instagram上已经有超过30万粉丝，在TikTok上也有超过75万粉丝。古滕马赫说：“我的一些帖子在网上have gone viral，几分钟内就有两次人或家人被追踪到！”)”可知，这里指他们利用网络帮助人们找寻照片上的家人，所以他们一把照片发布到网上，应该是会有很多的人看到并转发，所以have gone viral的意思应该是“疯传”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段“What makes this hobby so unique is not only how it gives people the chance to help others, but it also brings these enthusiasts a sense of purpose. “I feel like this is my calling,” said Gutenmacher. “The more I return memories, the more it feels like I’m supposed to be doing this.”(这种爱好之所以如此独特，不仅是因为它给了人们帮助他人的机会，还给这些爱好者带来了目标感。古滕马赫说：“我觉得这是我的使命。我越是回忆，就越觉得我应该这样做。”)”可推知，对古滕马赫来说，发布那些照片是他的责任和使命。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查主旨大意题。根据第三段“The experience made Veal realize the power of old photographs to hold precious and long-forgotten memories and restore a sense of identity. (这段经历让Veal意识到旧照片的力量，可以保存珍贵而被遗忘已久的记忆，恢复身份感)”和最后一段“What makes this hobby so unique is not only how it gives people the chance to help others, but it also brings these enthusiasts a sense of purpose. “I feel like this is my calling,” said Gutenmacher. “The more I return memories, the more it feels like I’m supposed to be doing this.”(这种爱好之所以如此独特，不仅是因为它给了人们帮助他人的机会，还给这些爱好者带来了目标感。古滕马赫说：“我觉得这是我的使命。我越是回忆，就越觉得我应该这样做。”)”可知，文章主要讲述一些人利用旧照片帮助人们恢复记忆甚至找到家人的故事。由此可知，Returning Lost Memories(找回失去的记忆)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
【2023江西省赣州市部分学校高三4月联考】D
When cultural heritage sites disappear, they’re gone forever. However, they are being endangered at an alarming rate by rising seas (Venice), pollution (the Taj Mahal) and overtourism (Angkor Wat). Just to name a few.
But when we try to protect these heritage sites, we also have to face such thorny questions as “What part of the past is worth preserving and passing on to the next generations What duty do we owe to the creations of our ancestors What strength do we draw from their presence — and when, on the contrary, do they become a lead weight, preventing us from projecting ourselves into the future ”
Humankind has answered these difficult questions differently in different places. In Dresden, Germany, the Frauenkirche was an 18th-century church whose bell-shaped top was a landmark. In February, 1945, one of the most destructive bombing attacks of World War II killed more than 25,000 people and reduced the city to ruins. With Dresden slowly rebuilt after the war, the Frauenkirche was left in ruins. But after German reunification, the church was reconstructed using many of its original materials, as a statement of peace and harmony.
Like the Frauenkirche, Notre Dame, a landmark in Paris, which was destroyed by fire in 2019, is being rebuilt as close as possible to how it was before, including using the original and poisonous metal-lead-for the roof. That choice was controversial, as future choices are bound to be in the debate about how to restore and preserve historic buildings.
Perhaps, no one can claim to have the right answers on preservation. There may not even be right answers. What we will do is to continue to take care of important cultural heritage sites, as a matter of significance to humanity’s past, present and future.
12. Which heritage site is overcrowded
A. Venice. B. Dresden. C. The Taj Mahal. D. Angkor Wat.
13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “thorny” in paragraph 2
A. Tough. B. Smart. C. Interesting. D. Important.
14. What does the author dislike about the rebuilding of Notre Dame
A. The high rebuilding costs. B. The timing of reconstruction.
C. The choice of certain material. D. The significance of preservation
15. What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. We should protect as many heritage sites as possible.
B. It is better to leave the damaged historic buildings alone.
C. Historic buildings should be rebuilt with the same materials.
D. Heritage sites serve as an important link among human beings.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了文物是一种珍贵的不可再生资源，但是该如何保护而不让它变成枷锁，答案则莫衷一是。
【12题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第一段“However, they are being endangered at an alarming rate by rising seas (Venice), pollution (the Taj Mahal) and overtourism (Angkor Wat).(然而，由于海平面上升（威尼斯）、污染（泰姬陵）和过度旅游（吴哥窟），它们正以惊人的速度濒临灭绝)”可知，吴哥窟过于拥挤。故选D。
【13题详解】
考查词句猜测题。根据画线词后的问题“What part of the past is worth preserving and passing on to the next generations What duty do we owe to the creations of our ancestors What strength do we draw from their presence — and when, on the contrary, do they become a lead weight, preventing us from projecting ourselves into the future (过去的哪一部分值得保存并传给下一代？我们对祖先的创造负有什么责任？我们从他们的存在中获得了什么力量？相反，他们什么时候会成为阻碍我们展望未来的沉重负担？)”以及第三段“Humankind has answered these difficult questions differently in different places.(人类在不同的地方对这些难题给出了不同的回答)”可推断，人类面临一系列难题，故画线词意思是“困难的”。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第四段“Like the Frauenkirche, Notre Dame, a landmark in Paris, which was destroyed by fire in 2019, is being rebuilt as close as possible to how it was before, including using the original and poisonous metal-lead-for the roof.(像圣母教堂一样，巴黎的地标性建筑巴黎圣母院在2019年被大火烧毁，目前正在尽可能地重建，包括使用原始的有毒金属铅作为屋顶)”可知，作者认为如果刻板地坚持修旧如旧而保留有毒材料是不明智的。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据最后一段“What we will do is to continue to take care of important cultural heritage sites, as a matter of significance to humanity’s past, present and future.(我们要做的是继续保护重要的文化遗产，这对人类的过去、现在和未来都具有重要意义)”可推断，作者认为重要的文物需要保护，因为那是人类的精神家园。故选D。
【2023四川省高考专家联测卷(三)】C
Nearly 10,000 protesters came out in support of the Black Lives Matter rally in London. Londoners filled Victoria Park in support of the Black Lives Matter movement against the systemic racism and police brutality (暴行) happening in the United States and Canada.
The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of Black men dying while in police custody.
“Racism happens here, it happens to me, it happens to my son, it happens to my friends, and we have just been quiet and silent for far too long,” said Alexandra Kane, a spokesperson for Black Lives Matter London movement. She is hoping that from the Black Lives Matter movements they can see reform and changes within the government so that both Black and Indigenous people are “viewed and treated fairly”. “We want people within our own Black community to know we support each other. We don’t often congregate and come together, but now we can do so safely without the fear of being put into a stereotypical category.”
“I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the rally. Meanwhile, “It disgusts me because we are human beings just like anyone else and we should not be treated differently,” cried 10-year-old Noah.
Nichelle Samuel was there with her husband and daughter in solidarity with her fellow Black Canadians calling for change. “Every time my husband leaves the house, it’s a constant worry something may happen,” she said. “Seeing what happens in the states only kind of effects here on a silent level. I want this rally to let people know this stuff happens silently, and if you see it, you hear it, do something about it.”
28. What does the author indicate to us by the example of Floyd in Paragraph 2
A. American police are very violent.
B. Floyd’s tragic death was caused by a white cop.
C. People all over the world sympathized with Floyd.
D. Black people have long suffered from racial discrimination.
29. Who was involved in organization of Black Lives Matter rally in London
A. Nichelle Samuel. B. Alexandra Kane. C. Simone Schacht. D. Noah.
30. What does the underlined word “congregate” probably mean
A. unite B. defeat C. transform D. congratulate
31. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. The government should not be blamed for the failure of white police.
B. The death of Floyd was a trigger for the Black Lives Matter.
C. Discrimination based on skin color is bad but inevitable.
D. Black Lives Matter rally may not work.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【语篇解读】本文为一篇议论文。主要介绍了“黑人的命也是命”抗议活动在伦敦的示威情况，以及各位黑人民众的态度。
【28题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据第二段“The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of Black men dying while in police custody.(在乔治·弗洛伊德死后，“黑人的命也是命”运动在加拿大、美国和世界各地吸引了数千人加入。乔治·弗洛伊德是一名黑人，在被拍到一名白人警察跪在他的脖子上后在警察拘留期间死亡。弗洛伊德在明尼阿波利斯的死亡只是众多黑人在警察拘留期间死亡案例中的最新一例)”可推知，作者在第二段中以弗洛伊德为例向我们表明了黑人长期遭受种族歧视。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the rally.(“在我生命的18年里，我甚至无法说出所有那些因为我的肤色而让我感到自卑的人或事，”组织者之一Simone Schacht在集会上发言时说)”可知，Simone Schacht参与了伦敦“黑人的命也是命”集会的组织。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“We want people within our own Black community to know we support each other.(我们希望我们黑人社区的人知道我们互相支持)”以及后文“and come together”可知，and表示并列，可推断是倡议黑人团结在一起。故划线词意思是“团结”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据第二段“The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police officer was filmed kneeling on his neck.(在乔治·弗洛伊德死后，“黑人的命也是命”运动在加拿大、美国和世界各地吸引了数千人加入。乔治·弗洛伊德是一名黑人，在被拍到一名白人警察跪在他的脖子上后在警察拘留期间死亡)”可推知，作者认为弗洛伊德的死引发了“黑人的命也是命”运动。故选B。
【2023四川省高考专家联测卷(三)】D
The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child died.
◆ Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock (家畜) with ideal characters for agriculture and industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.
◆ Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.
◆ It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce! It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves, and it will probably provide a valuable basic research and possibly spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.
◆ Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect organs for transplant. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of a single organ or more organs.
AGAINST
◆ Cloning would intervene in the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances of mutation (变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason why living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.
◆ Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.
◆ If the technology were to be so, scientists could transfer human genes into animals’ and vice versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.
◆ Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.
32. If a single lady wants a baby but she does not accept artificial insemination, she might ________.
A. think about cloning technology to copy one
B. be against having a child from cloning technology
C. produce livestock with ideal characters
D. speak little of the cloning technology
33. The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to ________.
A. encourage us to support the ideas of FOR
B. advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINST
C. tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctly
D. introduce us to remember the ideas of FOR and AGAINST
34. What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning
A. Favorable. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
35. What would be the best title for the passage
A. How many advantages are there B. How many disadvantages are there
C. Which side is wrong D. Which side are you with
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了支持和反对克隆技术的不同观点和意见。
【32题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据FOR项第一条中的“Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精).(克隆技术对单身女性生孩子很重要，用克隆技术代替人工授精)”可知，如果一位单身女性想生孩子但是不接受人工授精，她可以考虑用克隆技术克隆出一个孩子，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据全文大意，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，本文的写作目的就是让大家正确认识人们对克隆技术所持的赞同与反对的观点。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者只是列举了对克隆技术的正反两种观点，所以对此持客观态度，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，文章从FOR与AGAINST两个角度陈述了人们对克隆技术持有的不同观点，因此D项“Which side are you with (你赞成哪一边？)”为最佳标题。故选D。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
