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【备考2024】三年高考及模拟分类汇编—专题17完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文（原卷版）
三年高考完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文试题汇编
【2022年全国乙卷】
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___41___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___42___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___43___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___44___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___45___ research results in child developmental psychology ___46___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___47___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___48___. We then asked the child if she could ___49___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ____50____ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ____51____ children said that they couldn’t ____52____ to her.
A number of ____53____ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ____54____ the questions and knew ____55____ what was asked of them. Their ____56____ to the questions reflected their true ____57____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ____58____ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ____59____ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ____60____ when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【2021全国乙卷】
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 .A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【2021新高考 I 卷】
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
2023年高考模拟完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文试题汇编
【2023河南省郑州高三5月考前模拟三】
A warm cup of tea can seem to heal the soul. A new study finds it may be good for your____21____, too. Past studies in China and Japan have suggested that green tea ____22____ drinkers. Now, scientists say ____23____tea may show similar benefits.
Scientists from the United States National Cancer Institute carried out the____24____. They examined years of data gathered about the tea drinking ____25____of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for as many as 14 years. The researchers ____26____that people who drank two or more cups of tea daily ____27____were less likely to have ____28____from all causes than those who didn’t. The scientists said the ____29____risk of death held true for the _____30_____with heart diseases and stroke. However, there was no clear finding in connection with deaths from _____31_____. Researchers were not sure why. “It is _____32_____that there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to _____33_____,” explained Maki Inoue-Choi, who led the study.
All kinds of tea—green, black, oolong, and white—are produced from the same tree plant using different _____34_____methods. Antioxidants(抗氧化物) in black tea are major_____35_____to health benefits. A group of antioxidants called Flavonoids are thought to be_____36_____for heart health. That’s why black tea helps drinkers live longer.
The researchers do not offer enough _____37_____to advise people to start drinking tea or the change how much they are _____38_____right now. They need more research to_____39_____the findings. But Inoue-Choi said, “If you are already drinking tea, you can _____40_____doing so.”
21. A. brain B. feeling C. body D. work
22. A. strengthens B. comforts C. refreshes D. benefits
23. A. black B. green C. white D. oolong
24. A. task B. study C. experiment D. reform
25. A. behaviors B. burdens C. opinions D. interests
26. A. admitted B. understood C. suspected D. found
27. A. meanwhile B. afterwards C. therefore D. otherwise
28. A. suffered B. died C. escaped D. recovered
29. A. increased B. removed C. lowered D. avoided
30. A. patients B. subjects C. Chinese D. Japanese
31. A. cancer B. heart disease C. stroke D. common illness
32. A. certain B. possible C. vital D. necessary
33. A. cure B. record C. measure D. count
34. A. packaging B. shipping C. marketing D. processing
35. A. approaches B. responses C. contributors D. entrances
36. A. unacceptable B. responsible C. famous D. ready
37. A. knowledge B. guidance C. evidence D. conclusion
38. A. growing B. purchasing C. storing D. drinking
39. A. round out B. pass round C. put down D. bring up
40. A. quit B. delay C. advocate D. continue
【2023河南郑州考前押题卷】
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. ____21____ to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, ____22____ and hot, I couldn’t go any further. ____23____, we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy asked me a question, which ____24____ me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady ” “I have no idea,” I answered after thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his ____25____. He didn’t ____26____ well at school when he was a student. Although ____27____ thought he could succeed, he knew ____28____ what his dream was — to be a ____29____. “I knew I wasn’t ____30____ when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to ____31____ which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but ____32____ difficult life was, he never gave up.
“There is no ____33____ that a person who puts in a great deal of ____34____ to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently.
That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation ” I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work ____35____ meant putting everything into following my ____36____. If I find myself ____37____ willpower, what should I do Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again all by myself. It made me think: If we don’t ____38____ the climb, how can we get to enjoy the scenery on the top of the mountain At last, I reached the top and was ____39____ by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more ____40____ than that.
21. A. Hesitant B. Unwilling C. Satisfied D. Eager
22. A. worried B. anxious C. exhausted D. scared
23. A. Consequently B. However C. Meanwhile D. Furthermore
24. A. caused B. left C. pushed D. brought
25. A. career B. story C. idea D. confusion
26. A. behave B. perform C. respond D. impress
27. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody
28. A. shortly B. directly C. clearly D. rapidly
29. A. chef B. scholar C. deliveryman D. businessman
30. A. gifted B. skilled C. diligent D. knowledgeable
31. A. make sure B. check in C. figure out D. count on
32. A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whichever
33. A. need B. doubt C. wonder D. possibility
34. A. talent B. potential C. ambition D. effort
35. A. directed B. connected C. pulled D. involved
36. A. passion B. ability C. strength D. demand
37. A. lacking B. sharing C. desiring D. possessing
38. A. grasp B. approach C. experience D. recognize
39. A. shocked B. amused C. honored D. greeted
40. A. pleasant B. unexpected C. relaxing D. challenging
【2022·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测】
One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor 1 the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 2 all the students got the papers, he asked them to 3 the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no 4 , just a black dot (点) in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on everyone’s face, told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 5 there.”
The students, 6 , got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
At the end of the class, the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no exception, 8 the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classroom was silent, and the professor began to explain: “I’m not going to grade this. I just wanted to give you something to 9 . No one wrote about the 10 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 11 . We have a white paper to observe and 12 , but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 13 given to us with love and care and we always have 14 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that 15 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
16 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of money, the 17 relationship with coworkers, the 18 with a friend, and etc.
The dark spots are very 19 compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that pollute our minds. Take your eyes 20 the black spots in your life.”
1．A．pointed at B．turned up C．brought up D．handed out
2．A．Since B．After C．While D．Until
3．A．fold B．open C．turn D．use
4．A．questions B．choices C．exercises D．scores
5．A．remember B．imagine C．see D．study
6．A．serious B．frustrated C．curious D．confused
7．A．finished B．collected C．marked D．selected
8．A．ignored B．painted C．described D．decorated
9．A．think about B．refer to C．hand out D．take along
10．A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful
11．A．lives B．classrooms C．colleges D．studies
12．A．send B．enjoy C．keep D．show
13．A．lesson B．duty C．pressure D．present
14．A．reasons B．time C．freedom D．festivals
15．A．threatens B．provides C．ruins D．changes
16．A．Besides B．Thus C．However D．Finally
17．A．close B．strong C．special D．troublesome
18．A．disappointment B．connection C．satisfaction D．stay
19．A．dark B．small C．round D．dirty
20．A．across B．through C．away from D．back to
【2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测】
When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 61 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students. I was filled with fear. I knew I would 62 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 63 . “Did you practice your lesson ” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ashamed and my world came 64 down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 65 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 66 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) easy way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 67 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying ” asked Mum. She 68 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 69 out of. I made a resolution not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 70 could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 71 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t shout at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 72 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 73 a lot that year.
Looking back, I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 74 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 75 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
61．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly
62．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off
63．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor
64．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending
65．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter
66．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy
67．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating
68．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break
69．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb
70．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution
71．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up
72．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise
73．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced
74．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue
75．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped
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【备考2024】三年高考及模拟分类汇编—专题17完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文（解析版）
三年高考完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文试题汇编
【2022年全国乙卷】
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___41___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___42___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___43___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___44___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___45___ research results in child developmental psychology ___46___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___47___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___48___. We then asked the child if she could ___49___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ____50____ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ____51____ children said that they couldn’t ____52____ to her.
A number of ____53____ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ____54____ the questions and knew ____55____ what was asked of them. Their ____56____ to the questions reflected their true ____57____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ____58____ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ____59____ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ____60____ when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”以及“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
【2021全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).
My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.
She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an _____60_____ and should be rewarded.
41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
50 .A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。故选B。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。故选C。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。故选D。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。故选B。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。故选C。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 19 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。故选D。
【2021新高考 I 卷】My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹义文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。
2023年高考模拟完形填空说明文&夹叙夹义文试题汇编
【2023河南省郑州高三5月考前模拟三】
A warm cup of tea can seem to heal the soul. A new study finds it may be good for your____21____, too. Past studies in China and Japan have suggested that green tea ____22____ drinkers. Now, scientists say ____23____tea may show similar benefits.
Scientists from the United States National Cancer Institute carried out the____24____. They examined years of data gathered about the tea drinking ____25____of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for as many as 14 years. The researchers ____26____that people who drank two or more cups of tea daily ____27____were less likely to have ____28____from all causes than those who didn’t. The scientists said the ____29____risk of death held true for the _____30_____with heart diseases and stroke. However, there was no clear finding in connection with deaths from _____31_____. Researchers were not sure why. “It is _____32_____that there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to _____33_____,” explained Maki Inoue-Choi, who led the study.
All kinds of tea—green, black, oolong, and white—are produced from the same tree plant using different _____34_____methods. Antioxidants(抗氧化物) in black tea are major_____35_____to health benefits. A group of antioxidants called Flavonoids are thought to be_____36_____for heart health. That’s why black tea helps drinkers live longer.
The researchers do not offer enough _____37_____to advise people to start drinking tea or the change how much they are _____38_____right now. They need more research to_____39_____the findings. But Inoue-Choi said, “If you are already drinking tea, you can _____40_____doing so.”
21. A. brain B. feeling C. body D. work
22. A. strengthens B. comforts C. refreshes D. benefits
23. A. black B. green C. white D. oolong
24. A. task B. study C. experiment D. reform
25. A. behaviors B. burdens C. opinions D. interests
26. A. admitted B. understood C. suspected D. found
27. A. meanwhile B. afterwards C. therefore D. otherwise
28. A. suffered B. died C. escaped D. recovered
29. A. increased B. removed C. lowered D. avoided
30. A. patients B. subjects C. Chinese D. Japanese
31. A. cancer B. heart disease C. stroke D. common illness
32. A. certain B. possible C. vital D. necessary
33. A. cure B. record C. measure D. count
34. A. packaging B. shipping C. marketing D. processing
35. A. approaches B. responses C. contributors D. entrances
36. A. unacceptable B. responsible C. famous D. ready
37. A. knowledge B. guidance C. evidence D. conclusion
38. A. growing B. purchasing C. storing D. drinking
39. A. round out B. pass round C. put down D. bring up
40. A. quit B. delay C. advocate D. continue
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究表明，饮茶者可能更健康。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究发现，它可能对你的身体也有好处。A. brain大脑；B. feeling感觉；C. body身体；D. work工作。根据上文“A warm cup of tea can seem to heal the soul.”及后文可知，茶对人体有好处。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国和日本过去的研究表明，绿茶对饮用者有益。A. strengthens加强；B. comforts安慰；C. refreshes提神；D. benefits有益。根据下文“Now, scientists say ____23____tea may show similar benefits.”可知，过去研究发现喝绿茶对人体有益。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，科学家表示，红茶可能也有类似功效。A. black黑色的；B. green绿色的；C. white白色的；D. oolong乌龙茶。black tea红茶。根据下文“Antioxidants(抗氧化物) in black tea are major____35____to health benefits.”可知，科学家发现红茶对人体也有益。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国国家癌症研究所的科学家进行了这项研究。A. task任务；B. study研究；C. experiment实验；D. reform改革。根据下文“They examined years of data gathered about the tea drinking ____25____of almost 500,000 adults in Britain for as many as 14 years.”可知，科学家对喝茶进行了研究。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了英国近50万成年人长达14年的饮茶行为数据。A. behaviors行为；B. burdens负担；C. opinions观点；D. interests兴趣。根据下文“that people who drank two or more cups of tea daily ”可知，科学家研究的是饮茶行为数据。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，与不喝茶的人相比，每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人以后死于各种原因的可能性更小。A. admitted承认；B. understood理解；C. suspected嫌疑；D. found发现。根据“that people who drank two or more cups of tea daily ____27____were less likely to have ____28____from all causes than those who didn’t.”可知，这是科学家研究发现的结果。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，与不喝茶的人相比，每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人以后死于各种原因的可能性更小。A. meanwhile其间；B. afterwards以后；C. therefore因此；D. otherwise否则。根据“were less likely to have ____28____from all causes than those who didn’t.”可知，这里指每天喝茶对以后的影响。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，与不喝茶的人相比，每天喝两杯或两杯以上茶的人以后死于各种原因的可能性更小。A. suffered遭受；B. died死；C. escaped逃离；D. recovered恢复。die from死于。根据下文“The scientists said the 29 risk of death held true for the 30 ”可知，这里指死于各种可能的疾病。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们说，这种降低的死亡风险适用于心脏病和中风患者。A. increased增加；B. removed消除；C. lowered降低；D. avoided避免。根据“less likely to have 28 from all causes than those who didn’t. ”可知，这种降低的死亡风险适用于心脏病和中风患者。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们说，这种降低的死亡风险适用于心脏病和中风患者。A. patients病人；B. subjects 实验对象；C. Chinese中国人；D. Japanese日本人。根据“with heart diseases and stroke.”可知，适用的对象是心脏病和中风的实验对象。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有明确的发现与癌症死亡有关。A. cancer癌症；B. heart disease心脏病；C. stroke中风；D. common illness常见病。根据““It is ____32____that there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to ____33____,” explained Maki Inoue-Choi, whole d the study.”可知，没有明确的发现喝茶与癌症死亡有关系。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究的负责人Maki Inoue-Choi解释说：“有可能确诊的癌症死亡人数太少，无法衡量。”A. certain肯定的；B. possible可能的；C. vital至关重要的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“Researchers were not sure why. ”和下文“there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to ____33____,” explained Maki Inoue-Choi, whole d the study.”可知，这可能是因为确诊的癌症死亡人数太少而无法测量。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该研究的负责人Maki Inoue-Choi解释说：“有可能确诊的癌症死亡人数太少，无法衡量。”A. cure治愈；B. record记录；C. measure测量；D. count计算。根据“there were too few confirmed cancer deaths to”可知，因为数据太少，所以无法衡量。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有种类的茶——绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶和白茶——都是从同一棵树上用不同的加工方法生产出来的。A. packaging把……打包；B. shipping装运；C. marketing销售；D. processing加工。根据“All kinds of tea—green, black, oolong, and white—are produced from the same tree plant”和常识可知，所有不同种类的茶是因为加工的方法不同。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：红茶中的抗氧化剂是对健康有益的主要贡献者。A. approaches方法；B. responses回答；C. contributors贡献者；D. entrances入口。根据下文“A group of antioxidants called Flavonoids are thought to be 36 for heart health. That’s why black tea helps drinkers live longer.”可知，抗氧化剂是对健康有益的主要贡献者。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一组被称为类黄酮的抗氧化剂被认为对心脏健康负责。A. unacceptable不能接受的；B. responsible有责任的；C. famous著名的；D. ready准备好的。be responsible for对……负责。根据“A group of antioxidants called Flavonoids”可知，类黄酮的抗氧化剂被认为对心脏健康负责。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员没有提供足够的证据来建议人们开始喝茶或改变他们现在的饮用量。A. knowledge知识；B. guidance指导；C. evidence证据；D. conclusion结论。根据“to advise people to start drinking tea or the change how much they are ____38____right now.”可知，没有提供足够的证据来建议人们开始喝茶或改变他们现在的饮用量。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员没有提供足够的证据来建议人们开始喝茶或改变他们现在的饮用量。A. growing增长；B. purchasing购买；C. storing储存；D. drinking喝。根据“the change how much”可知，研究人员没有提供足够的证据来建议人们喝茶的饮用量。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们需要更多的研究来完善这些发现。A. round out圆满完成；丰满起来；B. pass round传递；C. put down镇压；记下；D. bring up提出；教育。根据上文“The researchers do not offer enough 37 to advise people to start drinking tea or the change how much they are 38 right now.”可知，研究人员需要更多的研究来完善这些发现。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是Inoue-Choi说：“如果你已经在喝茶了，你可以继续这样做。”A. quit停止；B. delay延迟；C. advocate提倡；D. continue继续。结合上文提出喝茶有利于身体健康和此处“If you are already drinking tea,”可知，如果已经喝茶了，就继续喝茶。故选D。
【2023河南郑州考前押题卷】
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. ____21____ to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, ____22____ and hot, I couldn’t go any further. ____23____, we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy asked me a question, which ____24____ me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady ” “I have no idea,” I answered after thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his ____25____. He didn’t ____26____ well at school when he was a student. Although ____27____ thought he could succeed, he knew ____28____ what his dream was — to be a ____29____. “I knew I wasn’t ____30____ when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to ____31____ which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but ____32____ difficult life was, he never gave up.
“There is no ____33____ that a person who puts in a great deal of ____34____ to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently.
That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation ” I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work ____35____ meant putting everything into following my ____36____. If I find myself ____37____ willpower, what should I do Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again all by myself. It made me think: If we don’t ____38____ the climb, how can we get to enjoy the scenery on the top of the mountain At last, I reached the top and was ____39____ by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more ____40____ than that.
21. A. Hesitant B. Unwilling C. Satisfied D. Eager
22. A. worried B. anxious C. exhausted D. scared
23. A. Consequently B. However C. Meanwhile D. Furthermore
24. A. caused B. left C. pushed D. brought
25. A. career B. story C. idea D. confusion
26. A. behave B. perform C. respond D. impress
27. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody
28. A. shortly B. directly C. clearly D. rapidly
29. A. chef B. scholar C. deliveryman D. businessman
30. A. gifted B. skilled C. diligent D. knowledgeable
31. A. make sure B. check in C. figure out D. count on
32. A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whichever
33. A. need B. doubt C. wonder D. possibility
34. A. talent B. potential C. ambition D. effort
35. A. directed B. connected C. pulled D. involved
36. A. passion B. ability C. strength D. demand
37. A. lacking B. sharing C. desiring D. possessing
38. A. grasp B. approach C. experience D. recognize
39. A. shocked B. amused C. honored D. greeted
40. A. pleasant B. unexpected C. relaxing D. challenging
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲叙了她与叔叔的一次爬山时因畏惧山路艰险及天热难受等原因而半途返回，返回途中叔叔以自己学生时期的追梦经历开导她对待梦想，要永不放弃。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为渴望户外的时光，我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A. Hesitant犹豫的；B. Unwilling不情愿的；C. Satisfied感到满意的；D. Eager渴望的。根据后文“to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy”可知阳光明媚的美好天气下，应该是户外游玩的好时候，作者渴望在这样好的日子里去户外，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A. worried担忧的； B. anxious 焦虑的；C. exhausted感到疲劳的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“and hot, I couldn’t go any further”可知，作者最后是因为感到劳累与天气热而放弃这次爬山。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A. Consequently因此；B. However然而；C. Meanwhile期间，同时；D. Furthermore而且。上文提到作者因为感到劳累与天气热走不动，后文则说下山返回了，为因果关系，Consequently符合语境。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题 ，使我一时无言以对，他说：“你的梦想是什么，小姐？”。A. caused 引起；B. left留下；C. pushed推；D. brought带来。根据后文“me speechless for a second”可知，是叔叔的话作者无言以对。短语“leave sb. adj”，形容词speechless 作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A. career事业；B. story故事；C. idea主意；D. confusion困惑。结合后面讲叔叔上学时的经历，可知是他给作者讲的是他本人的故事，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A. behave行为；B. perform表现；C. respond回应；D. impress印象。根据后文“well at school when he was a student”可知，是指学生时期在校表现不好。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A. somebody某人；B. everybody每人；C. nobody没有人；D. anybody任何人。上文提到叔叔在校表现不好，所以是没有人会认为他会成功。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. shortly简短地； B. directly直接地；C. clearly清楚地；D. rapidly快速地。根据后文“what his dream was to be a”可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的梦想是做一名商人。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. chef厨师；B. scholar学者；C. deliveryman送货员； D. businessman商人。结全下文“I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class”他卖各种东西可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A. gifted有天赋的；B. skilled技术娴熟的；C. diligent勤劳的；D. knowledgeable有学识的。根据上文“He didn’t…well at school when he was a student. ”可知，叔叔在学校表现不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。 A. make sure确保；B. check in登记入住；C. figure out理解，弄明白；D. count on依赖。根据后文“which one was most attractive to customers.”可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A. whatever无论什么；B. however不管怎样，无论如何；C. wherever无论哪里；D. whichever无论哪个。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么困难”应用however。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. need需要；B. doubt怀疑；C. wonder奇迹；D. possibility可能性。此处为固定句型there is no doubt that…“毫无疑问……”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. talent天赋；B. potential潜能； C. ambition雄心壮志；D. effort付出，努力。结合后文“to reach his or her goal”以及常识可知，指人要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. directed被指导；B. connected被连接；C. pulled被拉；D. involved涉及。结合上文“I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work”可知，要想成为尖子生，就要涉及到投入艰辛的工作。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A. passion激情，酷爱的事物；B. ability能力；C. strength优点；D. demand需求。结合上文可知，追求自己的梦想，就该跟随自己内心的激情，做自己喜爱的事物，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？ A. lacking缺乏；B. sharing分享；C. desiring渴望；D. possessing拥有。结合上文作者登山半途要返回，可知，作者发现自己缺乏意志力，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不经历攀登，我们怎能享受到顶峰上的风景？A. grasp抓住；；B. approach靠近；C. experience经历；D. recognize辨认。根据“I climbed the mountain again all by myself.”可知，只有经历攀爬之艰辛，才有机会领略到顶峰上的美景，故选C。
39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。A. shocked震惊；B. amused娱乐；C. honored荣誉；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据“I reached the top”以及“by the warm breeze and sunshine.”可知，此处作者站在顶峰上，迎接作者的是顶峰的美景，greet符合语境。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：没有比这更令人愉快的了。A. pleasant愉悦的；B. unexpected意料之外的；C. relaxing放松的；D. challenging挑战的。结合通篇全文，作者最后登上了山顶，领略到顶峰上的美景，战胜自己，明白了叔叔的鼓励，为追求梦想，坚定了自己的意志力，所以此时的内心感觉是愉悦的。故选A。
【2022·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测】
One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor 1 the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 2 all the students got the papers, he asked them to 3 the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no 4 , just a black dot (点) in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on everyone’s face, told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 5 there.”
The students, 6 , got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
At the end of the class, the professor 7 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no exception, 8 the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classroom was silent, and the professor began to explain:
“I’m not going to grade this. I just wanted to give you something to 9 . No one wrote about the 10 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 11 . We have a white paper to observe and 12 , but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 13 given to us with love and care and we always have 14 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that 15 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
16 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of money, the 17 relationship with coworkers, the 18 with a friend, and etc.
The dark spots are very 19 compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that pollute our minds. Take your eyes 20 the black spots in your life.”
1．A．pointed at B．turned up C．brought up D．handed out
2．A．Since B．After C．While D．Until
3．A．fold B．open C．turn D．use
4．A．questions B．choices C．exercises D．scores
5．A．remember B．imagine C．see D．study
6．A．serious B．frustrated C．curious D．confused
7．A．finished B．collected C．marked D．selected
8．A．ignored B．painted C．described D．decorated
9．A．think about B．refer to C．hand out D．take along
10．A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful
11．A．lives B．classrooms C．colleges D．studies
12．A．send B．enjoy C．keep D．show
13．A．lesson B．duty C．pressure D．present
14．A．reasons B．time C．freedom D．festivals
15．A．threatens B．provides C．ruins D．changes
16．A．Besides B．Thus C．However D．Finally
17．A．close B．strong C．special D．troublesome
18．A．disappointment B．connection C．satisfaction D．stay
19．A．dark B．small C．round D．dirty
20．A．across B．through C．away from D．back to
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了课上教授用一次突击测试给学生上了一堂课，人生好比那张试卷，我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，忘记了那些生活本身的美好一样的白色，我们需要的是让目光远离黑点。
【1题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷朝下发给学生。A. pointed at指向；B. turned up出现；C. brought up提出；D. handed out分发。根据上文“asked his students to prepare for a surprise test”可知，教授让学生准备一次突击测试，所以是分发试卷。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. Since自从；B. After在……之后；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。根据下文“all the students got the papers”和“he asked them to ____3____ the page and begin”并结合常识可知，学生都拿到卷子后，教授才会让学生开始答题，After“在……之后”符合事情的先后顺序。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. fold折叠；B. open开放；C. turn翻转；D. use使用。根据上文“with the text facing down as usual”可知，试卷发下来时卷面朝下，所以是把试卷翻转过来开始答题。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令所有人吃惊的是，没有问题，只有页面中央的一个黑点。A. questions问题；B. choices选择；C. exercises练习；D. scores分数。根据下文“just a black dot (点) in the center of the page”可知，试卷上只有中央的一个黑点，所以是没有问题。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要你们把看到的写下来。A. remember记住；B. imagine想象；C. see看；D. study研究。根据下文“All of them, with no exception, ____8____ the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc.”可知，学生们的答案围绕试卷上的黑点展开，所以教授应该是让他们写下看到的东西。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们困惑了，开始做这个令人费解的任务。A. serious严重的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task”可知，学生们觉得这个任务令人费解，所以应该是感到困惑。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课程结束时，教授收好了所有的答卷，开始在所有学生面前大声朗读每一份答卷。A. finished完成；B. collected收集；C. marked标记；D. selected选择。根据下文“started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知，教授朗读每一份答卷，所以是把答卷收上来。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们无一例外地描述了黑点，试图解释它在纸张中间的位置等等。A. ignored忽略；B. painted涂漆；C. described描述；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc”可知，学生们都在解释黑点在纸张中间的位置等等，所以是对黑点进行描述。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是想让你好好思考。A. think about思考；B. refer to参考；C. hand out分发；D. take along带上。根据下文教授将生活和试卷类比，说明我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，而忘记了生活本身的美好可推知，教授想让学生好好思考。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人写纸的白色部分。A. big大的；B. black黑色的；C. white白色的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“Everyone focused on the black dot”可知，每个人关注的都是黑点，所以是没有人写纸的白色部分。故选C。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上，我们的生活中也是如此。A. lives生活；B. classrooms教室；C. colleges学院；D. studies学业。根据下文“Our life”可知，教授从学生们只关注黑点，联系到生活中的现象。故选A。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一张白纸可以观察和欣赏，但我们总是关注黑点。A. send发送；B. enjoy欣赏；C. keep保持；D. show显示。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，教授认为生活是美好的，所以应该是让我们观察和欣赏的。故选B。
【13题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. lesson课程；B. duty职责；C. pressure压力；D. present礼物。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，生活应该是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物。故选D。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. reasons原因；B. time时间；C. freedom自由；D. festivals节日。根据下文“nature renewing itself every day, our friends around us, the job that ____15____ our livelihood and the miracles we see every day”可知，生活中充满了美好的事物，所以应该是有理由庆祝。故选A。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. threatens威胁；B. provides提供；C. ruins破坏；D. changes改变。根据上文“the job”和下文“our livelihood”可推知，工作应该是为我们提供生计。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. Besides此外；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. Finally最后。上文在描述生活的美好，下文在说明我们只关注那些负面的问题，上下文之间是转折的关系，应用However“然而”。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. close亲密的；B. strong强大的；C. special特别的；D. troublesome麻烦的。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，troublesome“麻烦的”符合语境，表示“与同事的麻烦关系”。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. disappointment失望；B. connection联系；C. satisfaction满意；D. stay逗留。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，disappointment“失望”符合语境，表示“对朋友的失望”。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中的一切相比，这些黑点是非常小的，但它们却污染了我们的思想。A. dark黑暗的；B. small小的；C. round圆形的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文所描述的生活的种种美好可推知，此处表示黑点与生活中所拥有的的一切相比其实很小。故选B。
【20题详解】
考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：你的目光要远离你生活中的黑点。A. across横跨；B. through通过；C. away from远离；D. back to返回至。根据上文描述的生活其实很美好，其中的问题其实很渺小可推知，此处建议要少关注那些黑点一样的问题，即要目光要远离黑点。故选C。
【2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测】
When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 61 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students. I was filled with fear. I knew I would 62 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 63 . “Did you practice your lesson ” the teacher barked at me. I felt so ashamed and my world came 64 down in an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 65 . With the day of the new performance approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 66 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and such a(n) easy way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started 67 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying ” asked Mum. She 68 and I realized I wanted to stay in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 69 out of. I made a resolution not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 70 could be achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 71 why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t shout at me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 72 I could play well. My problem was solved and my fear was 73 a lot that year.
Looking back, I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 74 everything in a person’s life. Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 75 inside. After facing up to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
61．A．badly B．endlessly C．randomly D．smoothly
62．A．mess up B．move on C．set out D．take off
63．A．impression B．essay C．story D．factor
64．A．crashing B．moving C．selling D．bending
65．A．stricter B．worse C．happier D．smarter
66．A．joy B．panic C．doubt D．sympathy
67．A．drying B．disappearing C．flowing D．separating
68．A．had a point B．made a change C．reached a level D．took a break
69．A．send B．bring C．pick D．climb
70．A．balance B．degree C．position D．solution
71．A．figure out B．give away C．think over D．make up
72．A．anger B．sorrow C．disappointment D．surprise
73．A．felt B．shown C．removed D．voiced
74．A．consume B．examine C．reflect D．rescue
75．A．unknown B．unpunished C．interested D．trapped
【答案】61．D 62．A 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．B 67．C 68．A 69．D 70．D 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过克服了演奏单簧管的恐惧领悟到了恐惧会消耗人的生活，逃避它，只会创造一个无法爬出来的洞，面对它，人生会变得更加轻松和愉快。
【61题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：年初过得很顺利。A. badly糟糕地；B. endlessly无止境地；C. randomly随机地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据下句“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.(但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了)”可知，But前后表示转折，But后说慢慢地自己落后了，所以这里应是说这一年刚开始的时候很顺利。故选D。
【62题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up搞砸，弄糟；B. move on继续前进；C. set out出发；D. take off起飞。根据前句“I was filled with fear.(我充满了恐惧。)”可知，作者内心恐惧，感觉自己会演奏不好，把事情搞砸。故选A。
【63题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression印象；B. essay文章；C. story故事，描述；D. factor。but前后表示转折，前面“my rhythms(节奏) were good”讲作者的节奏好，所以这里是说自己的音调不好。another story意为“另一回事，不同情况(通常指不好的一面)”。故选C。
【64题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing崩溃，坍塌；B. moving移动；C. selling出售；D. bending弯曲。根据句中的“I felt so ashamed”可知，受到老师的指责后，作者很羞愧，世界崩溃了。故选A。
【65题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我越来越糟。A. stricter更严厉的；B. worse更糟的；C. happier更开心的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据句中的“hated playing the clarinet”可知，因为讨厌弹簧管，作者的表现变得越来越糟糕。故选B。
【66题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy高兴；B. panic恐慌；C. doubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的“my fears”可知，这里是fear的同义词复现，表示作者很恐慌。故选B。
【67题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying（使）变干；B. disappearing消失；C. flowing流；D. separating（使）分开。根据下文中的“why are you crying”可知，作者哭了。故选C。
【68题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她说得有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，而且因为我没有面对自己的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point说得有道理；B. made a change做出改变；C. reached a level达到一个水平；D. took a break休息。根据空后的“and I realized...”可知，妈妈的话让作者意识到了自己的问题，所以妈妈的话很有道理。故选A。
【69题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. send发送；B. bring带来；C. pick捡起；D. climb爬。根据前面的“a black hole”可知，这个黑洞难以爬出来。故选D。
【70题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心不逃避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧也要勇敢面对，这样才能找到解决方案。A. balance平衡；B. degree程度；C. position位置；D. solution结局方案。根据下文中的“My problem was solved”可知，作者要找到解决方案解决自己的问题。故选D。
【71题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我见了我的乐队老师，告诉她我遇到了一个问题，不知道为什么这样。A. figure out弄清楚；B. give away泄露；C. think over仔细考虑；D. make up编造，化妆。根据空后的“why”可知，作者不知道为什么会出现这个问题。故选A。
【72题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger气愤；B. sorrow悲伤；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。根据空后的“I could play well”可知，换了新的簧片之后，作者惊讶地发现自己能演奏好了。故选D。
【73题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题得到了解决，我的恐惧也消除了很多。A. felt感觉；B. shown显示；C. removed消除；D. voiced表达。根据下文中的“I overcame my fear”可知，作者那年的恐惧消除了许多。故选C。
【74题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会吞噬一个人生活中的一切。A. consume消耗，毁灭；B. examine检查；C. reflect反映；D. rescue拯救。根据下句“Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 15 inside.(躲避这些恐惧只会产生一个洞，让人被困在里面。)”可知，逃避会让人一直困在恐惧当中，这会消耗人生活当中的一切。故选A。
【75题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. unknown未知的；B. unpunished未受惩罚的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. trapped受困的。这里与上文中的“created a black hole that would be difficult to 9 out of”相照应，说明这个洞会让人一直困在里面，难以爬出来。故选D。
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