外研版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature 单元易错综合练习（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 6 At one with nature 单元易错综合练习（含解析） |  | |
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Unit 6 单元易错综合练习
(考试时间： 120 分钟 试卷满分： 150 分)
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考 证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共 30 分，略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·江苏 · 南通市通州区石港中学高一期末) On September 15, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras celebrate their own independence days. On October 16, Mexico follows suit. Each country above has its own nature, but what combines them is local traditions and Spanish culture. Here are four destinations worthy of planning a trip.
Tazumal, El Salvador
El Salvador is home to some rather impressive Mayan ruins that show off this once great civilization. Tazumal is one such place, which is believed to be more than 7,000 years old and was left abandoned sometime around the 13th century. However, large areas were extensively restored in the 40s’ and 50s’, giving visitors a taste of the past.
Antigua, Guatemala
The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining European style with pre-Hispanic traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It’s possible to visit most of its attractions on foot, including the Arco de Santa Catalina, the Central Park, and the Palacio del Ayuntamiento.
Comayagua, Honduras
Honduras may be well-known for its beaches, and one worthy of your travels is the city that was once the capital: Comayagua. Founded in the early 1500s, a visit here is like traveling back in time. Several museums showcase the cultural richness and the must-see clock in the central square, which is the oldest clock in the
continent, dating back to the 12th century.
Veracruz, Mexico
Veracruz is a natural beauty with beaches that stretch for as far as the eye can see, deep blue waves and powerful waterfalls. When visiting Veracruz, stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz, where locals gather to listen to “son jarocho”, a regional folk music style that started right here. Couples also gather to dance in the square. But not just any dance, rather they take part in Danz n, a traditional couples dance iconic (标志性的) to this particular state.
1 ．Which place has the potential to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site
A ．Tazumal. B ．Antigua. C ．Comayagua. D ．Veracruz.
2 ．What can visitors do in Veracruz
A ．Learn to sing folk music. B ．Watch unique dances.
C ．Go in for water sports. D ．Walk on man-made beaches.
3 ．What do the listed places have in common
A ．They share the same traditional culture. B ．They have beautiful long beaches.
C ．They are home to famous ancient ruins. D ．They celebrate independence days the same day.
B
(2021· 山东 · 东平高级中学高一期中) Michael Yellowlees set off to complete a 5, 000-mile walk across Canada in the spring of 2021,wearing a kilt(短褶裙) and carrying a few items in a handcart,including a guitar. The 32-year-oldmusician from Dunkeld, Scotland,walked from the shores of the Pacific Ocean to the east coast of Newfoundland on the edge of the North Atlantic with his pet dog, Luna, an Alaskan husky,by his side.
Speaking about the Scottish Highlands, Mr Yellowlees said, "It is a beautiful landscape,but with a strong sense of sadness because of the absence of woodland,wildlife and people. So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life,a Scottish rewilding charity,and its work to restore(恢
复) Scotland's Caledonian Forest. ”
The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. He also mentioned a moment when he lost Luna after she jumped out of a little boat during a trip in the waterway section of the Trans Canada Trail in Northern Ontario.
Yet Mr Yellowlees was deeply touched by the warmth of the people along the way. In every town and village, people offered him food,shelter and donations. And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV.
Steve Micklewright , chief executive officer of Trees for Life,said, “We followed Michael's journey across
Canada with respect and admiration. Restoring native habitats and wildlife to the Highlands is a big task that no
one can do alone. But Michael's extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference. "
Bob Davidson,one of Michael Yellowlees' friends, said, “This is not a slow walk in the park,but a long march with heavy equipment on the rough road at an incredible pace. He's an amazing guy.”
4 ．Why did Michael start the journey
A ．To spread Scottish culture across the world.
B ．To support an environmental organization.
C ．To find some inspiration for his new songs.
D ．To do some research on endangered animals.
5 ．According to Paragraph 3, Michael's journey
A ．involved great challenges B ．was full of excitement and fun
C ．was troubled by his lack of preparation D ．once made him regret his decision
6 ．What is mentioned in Paragraph 4
A ．Many locals wished to join Michael.
B ．Michael's story was made into a TV series.
C ．The action of Michael attracted wide attention.
D ．Michael made donations to poor people along the way.
7 ．Which of the following may Steve Micklewright agree with
A ．Those who aim high can work miracles.
B ．It is not wise to take a long journey alone.
C ．The restoration of the Highlands is not as difficult as expected.
D ．Michael's journey proves the importance of great survival skills.
C
The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.
The main Silk Road started in Chang’an (known today as Xi’an), the early Han capital. Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China’s northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk
Road.
The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier
for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts,
the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.
So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day’s journey of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.
Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe. While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without its perils (风险).
8 ．The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to _________.
A ．making huge profits B ．traveling the Silk Road
C ．exchanging goods and ideas D ．connecting different civilizations
9 ．Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts
A ．The desert’s surface was easier to walk on.
B ．Camels for transportation were easier to find.
C ．It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.
D ．There were more natural water sources available.
10 ．What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert
A ．Travelers were offered free accommodation.
B ．They were located around the edges of the desert.
C ．They were shared by travelers from different countries.
D ．Exchanging goods and ideas there was entirely without risk.
11 ．What is the passage mainly about
A ．The origins of the Silk Road.
B ．The benefits of the Silk Road.
C ．The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.
D ．The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.
D
(2022·新疆 ·乌苏市第一中学高一期中) The Silk Road is the name of different roads that connected Europe, Africa and Asia long ago. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. At that time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world. The Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers. It went from Rome to China, which is from the West
to the Far East.
Merchants travelled along the Silk Road to carry silk, of course. They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and gold. Along and around these ancient paths have come many fascinating and mysterious stories. It is said that Roman soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese villages. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the legend of the blond-haired, blue-eyed tribes of China was started.
Some historians believe that the people of Kashmir were taken away from their country Israel. They were prisoners (俘虏) of war almost 2800 years ago. People say that these people travelled along the Silk Road. They kept their Jewish way of life for a long time.
During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas. It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road. And they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures. In modem times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a silk route museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
12 ．The underlined word “Merchants” in the passage probably means ________.
A ．foreigners B ．businessmen C ．soldiers D ．prisoners
13 ．According to the passage, ________.
A ．the Silk Road began with the wars.
B ．the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers in China.
C ．people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago.
D ．people from Israel were not included among people on the Silk Road.
14 ．The old Silk Road routes are still used because________.
A ．there are many old stories about them.
B ．the historians and scientists think highly of them.
C ．China will make good use of the Silk Road again.
D ．people can keep on traveling and trading along them.
15 ．The best title for the passage can be________.
A ．Stories along the Silk Road B ．Silk Route Museum
C ．Trade for Silk D ．The West and the Far East
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2022·新疆 ·乌鲁木齐市第四中学高一期末) How does climate change make you feel If it makes you
sad or angry, this is normal and it's called climate anxiety.
_____ 16_____
Climate change means changes in long-term weather patterns, including rising temperatures. Human activities contribute to climate change and cause extreme events._____ 17_____Scientists say these events will get worse unless people around the world work together.
What is climate anxiety
These threats to our planet can have huge influences. They can make you feel angry, frightened, hopeless or sad. This is called climate anxiety. _____ 18_____ A weather expert said, “It's normal to be sad when things you care about are getting hurt.”
How can I feel better about the future
No one can fix climate change on their own, but there are lots of things we can do._____ 19_____Or you can join a community group that you're interested in. Local organizations like Plastic Free North Devon encourage people to do beach cleans. Positive action can inspire others too. Sisters Amy and Ella Meek from the organization Kids Against Plastic have picked up 90,000 pieces of plastic._____20_____
A ．What is climate change
B ．And it is a normal and healthy response.
C ．It’s good for you to worry about the change.
D ．This puts humans, animals and plants at risk.
E ．What should we do to deal with climate change
F ．Breaking the problem into small pieces is a good way to start.
G ．They ask schools, businesses and communities to follow their lead.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2022·全国 · 高一) Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species— defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then ____21____ — runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.
Some things that are uncontroversial (无争议的) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to ____22____ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly
practical and partly philosophical.
Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful nor very
____23____ . Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. ____24____ , Britain’s invasive plants are
not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) ____25____ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always ____26____ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise ____27____ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.
The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also ____28____. Elimination campaigns tend to
be ____29____ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the
state before human ______30______ . That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing (杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming ______31______ in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the
invaders is a(n) ______32______ gesture, not a means to an achievable end.
A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly ______33______ and should be fought: the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes sense to ______34______ pathogens (病菌), especially those that destroy whole native tree species, and to
stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological
museums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no space to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden ______35______ . That is universally accepted.
21 ．A ．multiplied B ．shrunk C ．disappeared D ．harvested
22 ．A ．conserve B ．eliminate C ．investigate D ．prioritize
23 ．A ．healthy B ．intentional C ．harmful D ．profitable
24 ．A ．As a result B ．For example C ．By contrast D ．In fact
25 ．A ．attraction B ．dominance C ．annoyance D ．substitute
26 ．A ．increases B ．destroys C ．reveals D ．targets
27 ．A ．oppressed B ．disturbed C ．cultivated D ．preserved
28 ．A ．acceptable B ．needless C ．mistaken D ．convincing
29 ．A ．fueled B ．organized C ．interrupted D ．greeted
30 ．A ．civilization B ．interference C ．interaction D ．maintenance
31 ．A ．tolerable B ．impossible C ．beneficial D ．critical
32 ．A ．reluctant B ．disorderly C ．invalid D ．unbalanced
33 ．A ．damaging B ．flexible C ．doubtful D ．outstanding
34 ．A ．pick up B ．take in C ．keep out D ．turn down
35 ．A ．agriculture B ．vegetation C ．atmosphere D ．nature
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分)
(2022·安徽省濉溪中学高一开学考试)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Huangshan, which lies in Anhui province, is on the UNESCO World Heritage List and is one of the top scenic ____36____ (attraction) in China. HuangShan ____37____ (it) does not have good transportation links. Most travelers stop in either Tangkou or Tunxi for the nights before and after a visit to Huangshan.
Huangshan has 36 separate peaks, all ____38____ (rise) above 1,800 meters. Famous throughout Chinese artistic history, Huangshan represents the typical (有代表性的) mountain in Chinese paintings. So far, over 1,450 kinds of plants ____39____ (find) there.
The main thing to do in Huangshan is walk pround and take photographs of the scenery, which is spectacular (壮观的), ____40____ (beauty), different and changing in appearance with every change of weather. ____41____ same view looks quite different by day in fine weather and with cloud, early morning and late evening. Sunrise and sunset are famous but, of course, they depend ____42____ the weather.
When there is good weather and clear skies, watching the stars at night is ____43____ (fair) rewarding. If you are staying overnight at a hotel on the mountain then before dark ____44____ (come), find some good areas _____45_____ you can get away from the hotel lights and look up. You are likely to view a sky full of stars.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46．(2022·新疆 ·乌苏市第一中学高一期中)假定你是李华，你校将举办以“我的家乡”为题的演讲比赛。 你将代表班级参加该比赛，请以此为题，写一篇英语演讲稿。内容包括： 1.家乡的概况(地理位置、人口、气候、历史等)；
2.家乡的特色(美景、美食、名人等)；
3.邀请听众来做客。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入词数；
3.可以适当增加细节、以使行文连贯。
Hello everyone. I am Li Hua…
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分 25 分)
47．(2022·安徽 ·池州市第一中学高一期末)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使
之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Kindergarten Hero
We had just completed a unit on community heroes, and I had given my kindergarten class a task to write or draw about their favorite hero. Each child was busy creating colorful masterpieces such as firefighters, policemen and doctors. Several students had chosen to draw larger-than-life brothers and sisters or moms and dads.
However, one little boy was having difficulty with the assignment. Cameron had touched my heart early in the school year. He had dark brown hair and wore his thick glasses. He looks like a younger version of Harry Potter at best. He often snorted (鼻息声) when he laughed, and the rest of the class would laugh along with him.
Cameron suffered from autism (自闭症), but that didn’t matter to me or his classmates. We all loved him just the way he was. He was full of wonderful stories and brought a special feeling to our classroom. I sat and watched as Austin worked with Cameron. Austin had a wonderful way of interacting with Cameron and he helped him find his hero. Within a few minutes, Cameron quickly began drawing blue lines and curves on his paper—he was particularly fond of the color blue.
Finally, it was time for everybody to share their hero pictures. I listened as each student proudly stood in front of the class, picture held high, and described his or her hero. Several students described their heroes by giving them superhuman strength. It was finally Cameron’s turn to share his hero. Cameron stood up and anxiously placed his large blue stick-figured drawing in front of his face. He then quickly burst out it was a picture of me. He added that I helped him learn things and then quickly sat back down. Tears began to form in the
corner of my eyes, but nothing could have prepared me for what happened next.
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Austin stood up to share his picture, I was certain it would be a policeman.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______
Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take of and fly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______
参考答案：
1 ．B
2 ．B
3 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了与萨尔瓦多、危地马拉，洪都拉斯以及墨西哥有关的四个值得计划旅 行的目的地。
1．
推理判断题。根据文章“Antigua, Guatemala”部分内容“The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining European style with pre-Hispanic traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.(16 世纪的安提瓜城被火山、教堂和巴洛克式建筑所包围， 融合了欧洲风格和前西班牙裔传统，设法要跻身联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。 )”可知， Antigua 正努 力跻身于联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，由此可推知， Antigua 有望成为联合国教科文组织的世界遗
产。故选 B 项。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章“Veracruz, Mexico”部分内容“When visiting Veracruz, stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz... Couples also gather to dance in the square. But not just any dance, rather they take part in Danz n, a traditional couples dance iconic to this particular state.(当参观 Veracruz 时，请在 Veracruz 市中心的 Zocalo 停 下来……情侣们也聚集在广场上跳舞。但不是任何舞蹈，而是他们参加 Danz n ，一个传统的情侣舞蹈， 这个特殊的国家的象征。 )”可知，在 Veracruz 的广场可以观看情侣们在广场上跳 Danz n 舞，它是这个国 家的象征，有着特殊的意义。故选 B 项。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Each country above has its own nature, but what combines them is local traditions and Spanish culture.(上面的每个国家都有自己的性质，但将它们结合在一起的是当地的传统和西 班牙文化。 )”可知，这些国家虽然都有自己的性质，但是它们有着共同的背景文化：西班牙文化。由此可 知，它们的共同点在于相同的文化背景。故选 A 项。
4 ．B
5 ．A
6 ．C
7 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是 Michael 独自穿越加拿大，在旅程的过程中困难重重。通过这次旅程来支持 环保组织。该故事表明的是志存高远的人是可以创造奇迹的。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life, a Scottish rewilding charity, and its work to restore(恢复) Scotland's Caledonian Forest. ” (所以 我决定徒步穿越加拿大的荒野，为苏格兰野生动物重返慈善机构生命之树筹集资金，以及它恢复苏格兰 加里东尼亚森林的工作。)可知， Michael 开启旅程的原因是为了支持环保组织。故选 B。
5．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. ” (这位热情的徒步者分享了他的一些经历，包括遇到黑熊和听 到狼在夜里大声哭泣。)可知，在旅程的过程中，遇到了诸多艰难险阻。故选 A。
6 ．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV.” (他在行进的管乐队的陪同下进入城镇，接受报纸、广播和电 视的采访。)可知，迈克尔的行为引起了广泛关注。故选 C。
7．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But Michael's extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference. ” (但迈克尔的非凡之旅证明了一个人真的可以做出改变。)可知， Steve Micklewright 认 为，恢复高地的原生栖息地和野生动物是一项艰巨的任务，没有人能独自完成。但是 Michael 做到了。所 以他赞同的是志存高远的人可以创造奇迹。故选 A。
8 ．B
9 ．A
10 ．C
11 ．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。文章主要说明 了丝绸之路危险重重，丝绸之路上的商人面临的两大挑战一是沿途地理环境恶劣，二是路途可能遭遇的 歹徒抢劫。
8．
词句猜测题。根据上文“Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road”可知，尽管穿越丝绸 之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。根据该句表达的含义可推断出 it 指前面提到的 “穿越丝绸之路”。故选 B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert.” (戈壁沙漠是亚洲最大的沙漠，主要由坚硬的岩石构成。与邻近的塔克拉玛干沙漠等沙质沙漠相 比，这一特点使商人更容易穿越)可知，戈壁沙漠之所以比其他沙漠容易穿越，是因为戈壁沙漠地表主 要是坚硬的岩石，比较容易走。故选 A。
10．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there.” (因此，沿途设立了休息站，让旅客休息、吃饭和喝水。这些地方也促进了停留在那里的旅客之间 的货物甚至思想的交流)可知，丝绸之路沿途驿站是世界各国旅行者共享的。故选 C。
11．
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段最后一句“Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.” (尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险) 可知，文章主要介绍了丝绸之路上的商人面临的危险。故选 C。
12 ．B
13 ．C
14 ．D
15 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸之路及发生在丝绸之路上的迷人而神秘的故事。
12．
词义猜测题。根据画线单词下句“They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and
gold.” (他们还携带和交易其他物品，如香料、布料、珠宝和黄金。)可知，句中的“They”代指画线单词 “Merchants”，携带和交易物品的人应该是商人，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是商人沿着丝绸之路行 进以运送丝绸， “businessmen”意为“商人”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选 B 项。
13．
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago.” (科学家认为，大约 3000 年前，人们就开始走丝绸之路了。)可知，科学家认为，人们在大约3000 年前 就开始走丝绸之路了，由此可知，根据文章内容，大约 3000 年前，人们就开始走丝绸之路了。故选 C 项。
14．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas. It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road. And they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures. In modem times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses.” (丝绸之路允许分享有价值的东西和新思想。它包括来自不 同地区的人员和商品交易。所有这些人都走了丝绸之路。他们分享商品、故事、语言和文化。在现代， 古老的丝绸之路仍在使用，但现在它们由火车而不是骆驼和马穿过。)可知，丝绸之路的用途是供来自不 同地区的人们沿途旅行，分享新思想和进行商品交易，由此可知，古老的丝绸之路仍在使用，是因为人 们可以继续沿着它们旅行和交易。故选 D 项。
15．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“The Silk Road is the name of different roads that connected Europe, Africa and Asia long ago.” (丝绸之路是很久以前连接欧洲、非洲和亚洲的不同道路的名称。)和第 二段关键句“Along and around these ancient paths have come many fascinating and mysterious stories.” (沿着 这些古老的道路，有着许多迷人而神秘的故事。)可知，文章主要介绍了丝绸之路及发生在丝绸之路上的 迷人而神秘的故事，例如文中介绍的中国金发碧眼部落的来历等故事， “Stories along the Silk Road”意为 “沿着丝绸之路的故事”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选 A 项。
16 ．A
17 ．D
18 ．B
19 ．F
20 ．G
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是气候变化、什么是气候焦虑以及我们怎样才能对未来感觉更好。
16．
根据每一段的标题可知，空格处是疑问句式的标题。根据下文“Climate change means changes in long - term weather patterns including rising temperatures that are known as global warming. (气候变化意味着长期气候模 式的变化，包括被称为全球变暖的气温上升。) ”可知，本段解释气候变化， A 项“Whatis climate change (什么是气候变化？) ”为段落标题。所以本题应该选 A。
17．
根据上文“Human activities contribute to climate change and cause extreme events. (人类活动导致气候变化， 并引发极端事件。) ”以及下文“Scientists say these events will get worse unless people around the world work together. (科学家们说，除非全世界的人共同努力，否则这些事件会变得更糟。) ”可知上文讲的是气候变 化会引发极端事件，下文是科学家对于后果的预测，所以空处应该是描述气候变化的影响， D 项“This puts the lives of humans, animals and plants at risk. (这会危及人类、动物和植物的生命。) ”符合文意。所以 本题选 D。
18 ．
根据上文“This is called climate anxiety. (这就是所谓的气候焦虑。) ”以及下文“A weather expert said, “It's normal to be sad when things you care about are getting hurt. ( 一位气象专家说： “当你关心的事情受到伤害 时，悲伤是正常的。) ”可知，上一句讲述的是气候焦虑，下一句讲的是专家分析这种情绪是正常的，所 以缺少一个过渡句，表示对于这种情绪的态度， B 项“And it is a normal and healthy response. (这是一种 正常而健康的反应) ”符合文意。所以本题应该选 B。
19．
根据上文“No one can fix climate change on their own, but there are lots of things we can do. (没有人能够独自 解决气候变化问题，但我们可以做很多事情。) ”以及下文“Or you canjoin a community group that you're interested in. (或者你可以加入一个你感兴趣的社区团体。 ”可知，上文讲我们可以做很多事情，下文介 绍另一种做法，故空格处应介绍一种我们可以做的事情。 F 项“Breaking the problem into small pieces is a good way to start. (把问题分解成是一个很好的开始。) ” 符合文意。所以本题应该选 F。
20．
根据上文“Positive action can inspire others too. Sisters Amy and Ella Meek from the organization Kids Against Plastic have picked up 90, 000 pieces of
plastic. (积极的行动也能激励他人。来自儿童反对塑料组织的姐妹艾米和埃拉 ·米克捡了 9 万块塑料。) ” 可知，前一句讲述的是一些积极的行为，反塑料组织的行动，所以后面需要表达对于这个行为的影响， 对应 G 项“They ask schools, businesses and communities to follow their lead. (他们请求学校、企业和社区效 仿他们。) ” 符合文意， they 指代上文提到的 Sisters Amy and Ella Meek 。所以本题选 G。
21 ．A
22 ．B
23 ．C
24 ．D
25 ．C
26 ．A
27 ．B
28 ．C
29 ．A
30 ．B
31 ．B
32 ．C
33 ．A
34 ．C
35 ．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇议论文。文章认为除了一些特例，无论从事实角度还是哲学角度分析，消灭入侵物种都是没必 要的，号召我们针对入侵物种要理性有区分地对待。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：入侵物种的国际名单——被定义为那些被人类引入新的地方，然后繁殖的物 种——超过 4000 种。 A. multiplied 繁殖，倍增； B. shrunk 减少； C. disappeared 消失； D. harvested 收获。 根据后文“In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.”可知，有些国家针对引进的生物采取了遏制措施，可推断是因为这些生物在引进地大量繁殖。故 选 A 项。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些事情是没有争议的，但却是愚蠢的。除了一些重要的例外，消灭入侵物
种的行动只是浪费金钱和精力——部分原因是实际的，部分原因是哲学上讲的。 A. conserve 保护： B.
eliminate 消除； C. investigate 调查； D. prioritize 优先考虑。根据后文“Elimination campaigns tend to be ___9___ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the state before human ___ 10___ . ”可知，很多地方都存在消灭入侵物种的行为。故选 B 项。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数入侵物种既不是非常成功，也不是非常有害。 A. healthy 健康的； B. intentional 故意的； C. harmful 有害的； D. profitable 盈利的。根据下文“Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. _____ , Britain’s invasive plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) ______than vigorous native plants.”可知，，大多数入侵物种并不是非常有害。故选 C 项。
24．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，英国的入侵植物并不普遍，传播速度也不是特别快，而且通常也没
有生命力旺盛的本土植物那么烦人。 A. As a result 结果； B. For example 比如； C. By contrast 对比； D. In
fact 事实上。根据前文“Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants.”可知，英国人对于入侵物种有
着错误的认知，作者接下来是在解释真正的事实，所以用 in fact 开头来开始自己的解释。故选 D 项。 25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，英国的入侵植物并不普遍，传播速度也不是特别快，而且通常也没
有生命力旺盛的本土植物那么烦人。 A. attraction 魅力； B. dominance 支配地位； C. annoyance 烦恼； D.
substitute 替代品。根据后文“he arrival of new species almost always ___6___ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. ”可知，入侵物种对地区也存 在积极意义，相比之下本土生命力旺盛的植物反而令人烦恼。故选 C 项。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新物种的到来几乎总是会增加一个地区的生物多样性。 A. increases 增加； B. destroys 破坏； C. reveals 揭露； D. targets 把……作为攻击目标。根据后文“One reason is that invaders tend to colonise ___7___ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.”可知，新物种选择受到干扰的栖息地繁殖，并没有破坏本地物种的栖息环境，所以 对于当地而言，生物多样性增加了。故选 A 项。
27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个原因是，入侵物种倾向于在受到干扰的栖息地殖民，比如被污染
的湖泊和后工业时代的荒地，那里几乎没有其他生物。他们是自然界的机会主义者。 A.
oppressed 受压迫的； B. disturbed 受干扰的； C. cultivated 用于耕作的； D. preserved 受保护的。根据后文 “like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives”可知，他们选择的栖息地是诸如被污 染的湖泊、荒地等被人类干扰的地方。故选 B 项。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对入侵物种发动战争的哲学理由也是错误的。 A. acceptable 可接受的； B. needless 不必要的； C. mistaken 错误的； D. convincing 令人信服的。根据前文“With a few important exceptions, campaigns to ___2___ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.”可知，作者认为无论从实际角度还是哲学角度，对入侵物种发 动战争都是金钱和精力的浪费，是错误的。故选 C 项。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：消灭运动往往是受到这样一种信念的刺激，即有可能恢复自然的平衡——使 森林和湖泊恢复到人类干预之前的状态。 A. fueled 刺激，加剧； B. organized 组织； C. interrupted 打断； D. greeted 欢迎，迎接。根据前文“Everybody loves to hate invasive species. ”及“In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.”可知，对入侵物种发动战争，
企图消灭它们，这种行为是比较普遍的，可推断消灭运动受到一定的信念刺激。故选 A 项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：消灭运动往往是受到这样一种信念的刺激，即有可能恢复自然的平衡——使 森林和湖泊恢复到人类干预之前的状态。 A. civilization 文明； B. interference 干预； C. interaction 互动； D. maintenance 维护。根据后文“Humans have only quickened these processes. ”可知，人类的介入使得森林和 湖泊发生了变化，这是人类干预大自然的结果。故选 B 项。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于人为的气候变化，要想回到古老的栖息地已经不可能了。 A. tolerable 可忍受的； B. impossible 不可能的； C. beneficial 有益的； D. critical 关键的。根据后文“because of man- made climate change”可知，气候在人类的干预下发生了很大变化，导致栖息环境也发生了很大变化，结合 常识也可知，回到古老的栖息地是不可能的事情。故选 B 项。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与入侵者物种较量是一种无效的姿态，而不是达到可达到目的的手段。 A. reluctant 不情愿的； B. disorderly 混乱的； C. invalid 无效的； D. unbalanced 失衡的。根据前文“Elimination
campaigns tend to be ___9___ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and
lakes to the state before human ___ 10___That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing (杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes.”可知， 作者认为消灭入侵者的运动是错误的，物种的出现、消失和杂交都是一个自然的过程，所以作者认为与 入侵者较量是没必要的，是无效的。故选 C 项。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些外来物种确实具有破坏性，应该与之斗争:尼罗河鲈鱼——一种导致维 多利亚湖许多鱼类灭绝的鱼类。 A. damaging 破坏性的； B. flexible 灵活的； C. doubtful 怀疑的； D. outstanding 杰出的。根据后文“the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria”可知，尼罗河鲈鱼导致了维多利亚湖很多鱼类的灭绝，可知这种入侵物种是具有破坏性 的。故选 A 项。
34．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：阻止病原体进入，尤其是那些破坏整个本地树种的病原体，并阻止已知的农 业害虫获得立足之地，是有意义的。 A. pick up 捡起，接送； B. take in 吸收； C. keep out 阻止进入； D. turn down 拒绝。根据后文“and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold”可知，作者认为阻止
病原体进入生态环境与阻止已知的害虫生存是同样具有重要意义的。故选 C 项。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不能种植自然。 A. agriculture 农业； B. vegetation 植被； C. atmosphere 气 氛； D. nature 自然。根据前文“And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no space to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. ”可知，针对不同物种不能一概而 论，有害的物种要杜绝其进入，作者以种植为例，说明我们要有选择地种植，而不能把整个大自然的所 有物种都种植到自己的花园里。故选 D 项。
36 ．attractions
37 ．itself
38 ．rising
39 ．have been found
40 ．beautiful
41 ．The
42 ．on##upon
43 ．fairly
44 ．comes
45 ．where 【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄山的相关情况。
36．
考查名词复数。句意：黄山，位于安徽省，被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，是中国最大的风景 名胜区之一。分析句子结构可知， one of+复数名词，表示“……之一” 。 故填 attractions。
37．
考查代词。句意：黄山本身没有良好的交通联系。分析句子结构可知，所填词作 Huangshan 的同位语， 所以用其反身代词，表示“它自己”。故填 itself。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：黄山有 36 座独立的山峰，全部都在 1800 米以上。分析句子结构可知，所填词 作后置定语，是被修饰的词 all 主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词，表示主动。故填rising。
39 ．
考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，已经有 1450 种的植物在那里被找到了。分析句子结构可知，所填词 作谓语，句子的主语 over 1,450 kinds of plants 与 find 之间为被动关系，同时 So far 与现在完成时连用， 所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been found。
40．
考查形容词。句意：在黄山最主要的事情就是四处走动，拍摄风景，这是壮观的，美丽的，不同的和变 化的外观随着每一个天气的变化。分析句子结构可知，根据 different 判断，所填词与之为并列成分，所 以用形容词 beautiful，作表语。故填 beautiful。
41．
考查冠词。句意：同样的景色，在白天晴天和阴天，清晨和傍晚看起来很不一样。分析句子结构可知， same 通常与定冠词 the 连用，表示“相同的”。故填 The。
42．
考查固定短语。句意：日出和日落是著名的，但是，当然，它们取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，此处 是固定短语 depend on/upon“依靠”。故填 on 或 upon。
43．
考查副词。句意：当有好天气和晴朗的天空时，在晚上看星星是相当值得的。分析句子结构可知，所填 词作状语，修饰形容词 rewarding，用副词形式。故填 fairly。
44．
考查动词时态。句意：如果你在山上的酒店过夜，那么在天黑之前，找一些好的地方，在那里，你可以 远离酒店的灯光，向上看。分析句子结构可知，所填词作谓语，句子的主语是 dark，所以谓语用第三人 称单数形式，同时 before 是引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用一般现在时表示将来。故填 comes。
45．
考查定语从句。句意：见第 9 题详解。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 areas ，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
46 ． Hello, everyone. I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 1. It is my honor to introduce my hometown to you
all.
My hometown is Wusu, a small city located at the foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It has a long history which dates back to the Han Dynasty and an area of over 20 thousand square kilometers. My hometown has various landscapes including mountains, forests, grasslands and deserts and a lot of attractions like Daipuseng Mount, Jiulian Lake and so on, which offers a great feast for your eyes. My hometown is also famous for its delicious meals and drinks, among which Wusu beer is well known at home and abroad.
Welcome to my hometown to experience it in person. The people here are friendly and hospitable. If you come here, you will feel at home.
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我的家乡”为话题写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍家乡的概况和特色，并 邀请听众来做客。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
①各种各样的： various→a variety of
②因……而著名： be famous for…→be well-known for…
③美味的： delicious→tasty
④亲自： in person→by oneself/personally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： It is my honor to introduce my hometown to you all.
拓展句： It is my honor that I have the chance to introduce my hometown to you all.
【点睛】
【高分句型 1】My hometown is Wusu, a small city located at the foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. (运用了同位语及非谓语动词作定语)
【高分句型 2】My hometown has various landscapes including mountains, forests, grasslands and deserts and a lot of attractions like Daipuseng Mount, Jiulian Lake and so on, which offers a great feast for your eyes.(运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．参考范文
When Austin stood up to share his picture, I was certain it would be a policeman. But he surprised me when he proudly held up a picture of his friend Cameron. He shared that Cameron was his hero because he had this sickness that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart. He had drawn a red cape on his cartoon-like picture of Cameron and decorated the costume with a large red “C” on Cameron’s chest.
Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take off and fly. He joyfully shouted out, “I’m Superman!” The entire class stood up and began striking Superman gestures, too. Within minutes, we were all laughing as though we had each truly discovered the secret of becoming superheroes. Teachers are tasked with a very important job, leading their children in discovering their own amazing qualities and helping them find their inner superhero.
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章以人物为线索，描写作者给班级学生布置一个任务，写或画他们最喜欢的英 雄，班级中得了自闭症的同学 Cameron 画的是作者，因为作者帮助了他学习，这让作者很感动；而另一 个同学 Austin 画的是 Cameron，并解释说 Cameron 虽然得了自闭症，但是像超人一样，非常聪明。作者 从中感悟到老师肩负着一项非常重要的工作，引导孩子们发现自己惊人的品质，帮助他们找到自己内心 的超级英雄。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当Austin 站起来分享他的图画时，我确信那一定是一名警察。 ”可知，第一段可描 Austin 分享的超级英雄是 Cameron 并说明原因。
②由第二段首句内容“Cameron 突然站了起来，双手举在空中，好像要飞起来似的。 ”可知，第二段可描 写 Cameron 模仿超级英雄，大家都非常开心，作者对此做出感悟。
2.续写线索： Austin 分享图画——作者感到惊讶——Cameron 模仿超人—— 同学一起模仿超人——大家开 心的笑了——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①站起来： stand up/rise to one’s feet
②分享： share/have a share in
③发现： discover/find/catch a sight of 情绪类
①令某人惊讶： surprise sb./to one’s surprise
②高兴地： joyfully/happily
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]. He shared that Cameron was his hero because he had this sickness that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart. (由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句，由 because 引导的原因状语 从句和由 that 引导的定语从句)
[高分句型 2]. Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take off and fly. (由 as if 引导的方式状语从句)
(考试时间： 120 分钟 试卷满分： 150 分)
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考 证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共 30 分，略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·江苏 · 南通市通州区石港中学高一期末) On September 15, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras celebrate their own independence days. On October 16, Mexico follows suit. Each country above has its own nature, but what combines them is local traditions and Spanish culture. Here are four destinations worthy of planning a trip.
Tazumal, El Salvador
El Salvador is home to some rather impressive Mayan ruins that show off this once great civilization. Tazumal is one such place, which is believed to be more than 7,000 years old and was left abandoned sometime around the 13th century. However, large areas were extensively restored in the 40s’ and 50s’, giving visitors a taste of the past.
Antigua, Guatemala
The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining European style with pre-Hispanic traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It’s possible to visit most of its attractions on foot, including the Arco de Santa Catalina, the Central Park, and the Palacio del Ayuntamiento.
Comayagua, Honduras
Honduras may be well-known for its beaches, and one worthy of your travels is the city that was once the capital: Comayagua. Founded in the early 1500s, a visit here is like traveling back in time. Several museums showcase the cultural richness and the must-see clock in the central square, which is the oldest clock in the
continent, dating back to the 12th century.
Veracruz, Mexico
Veracruz is a natural beauty with beaches that stretch for as far as the eye can see, deep blue waves and powerful waterfalls. When visiting Veracruz, stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz, where locals gather to listen to “son jarocho”, a regional folk music style that started right here. Couples also gather to dance in the square. But not just any dance, rather they take part in Danz n, a traditional couples dance iconic (标志性的) to this particular state.
1 ．Which place has the potential to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site
A ．Tazumal. B ．Antigua. C ．Comayagua. D ．Veracruz.
2 ．What can visitors do in Veracruz
A ．Learn to sing folk music. B ．Watch unique dances.
C ．Go in for water sports. D ．Walk on man-made beaches.
3 ．What do the listed places have in common
A ．They share the same traditional culture. B ．They have beautiful long beaches.
C ．They are home to famous ancient ruins. D ．They celebrate independence days the same day.
B
(2021· 山东 · 东平高级中学高一期中) Michael Yellowlees set off to complete a 5, 000-mile walk across Canada in the spring of 2021,wearing a kilt(短褶裙) and carrying a few items in a handcart,including a guitar. The 32-year-oldmusician from Dunkeld, Scotland,walked from the shores of the Pacific Ocean to the east coast of Newfoundland on the edge of the North Atlantic with his pet dog, Luna, an Alaskan husky,by his side.
Speaking about the Scottish Highlands, Mr Yellowlees said, "It is a beautiful landscape,but with a strong sense of sadness because of the absence of woodland,wildlife and people. So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life,a Scottish rewilding charity,and its work to restore(恢
复) Scotland's Caledonian Forest. ”
The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. He also mentioned a moment when he lost Luna after she jumped out of a little boat during a trip in the waterway section of the Trans Canada Trail in Northern Ontario.
Yet Mr Yellowlees was deeply touched by the warmth of the people along the way. In every town and village, people offered him food,shelter and donations. And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV.
Steve Micklewright , chief executive officer of Trees for Life,said, “We followed Michael's journey across
Canada with respect and admiration. Restoring native habitats and wildlife to the Highlands is a big task that no
one can do alone. But Michael's extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference. "
Bob Davidson,one of Michael Yellowlees' friends, said, “This is not a slow walk in the park,but a long march with heavy equipment on the rough road at an incredible pace. He's an amazing guy.”
4 ．Why did Michael start the journey
A ．To spread Scottish culture across the world.
B ．To support an environmental organization.
C ．To find some inspiration for his new songs.
D ．To do some research on endangered animals.
5 ．According to Paragraph 3, Michael's journey
A ．involved great challenges B ．was full of excitement and fun
C ．was troubled by his lack of preparation D ．once made him regret his decision
6 ．What is mentioned in Paragraph 4
A ．Many locals wished to join Michael.
B ．Michael's story was made into a TV series.
C ．The action of Michael attracted wide attention.
D ．Michael made donations to poor people along the way.
7 ．Which of the following may Steve Micklewright agree with
A ．Those who aim high can work miracles.
B ．It is not wise to take a long journey alone.
C ．The restoration of the Highlands is not as difficult as expected.
D ．Michael's journey proves the importance of great survival skills.
C
The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.
The main Silk Road started in Chang’an (known today as Xi’an), the early Han capital. Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China’s northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk
Road.
The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier
for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts,
the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.
So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day’s journey of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.
Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe. While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without its perils (风险).
8 ．The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to _________.
A ．making huge profits B ．traveling the Silk Road
C ．exchanging goods and ideas D ．connecting different civilizations
9 ．Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts
A ．The desert’s surface was easier to walk on.
B ．Camels for transportation were easier to find.
C ．It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.
D ．There were more natural water sources available.
10 ．What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert
A ．Travelers were offered free accommodation.
B ．They were located around the edges of the desert.
C ．They were shared by travelers from different countries.
D ．Exchanging goods and ideas there was entirely without risk.
11 ．What is the passage mainly about
A ．The origins of the Silk Road.
B ．The benefits of the Silk Road.
C ．The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.
D ．The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.
D
(2022·新疆 ·乌苏市第一中学高一期中) The Silk Road is the name of different roads that connected Europe, Africa and Asia long ago. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. At that time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world. The Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers. It went from Rome to China, which is from the West
to the Far East.
Merchants travelled along the Silk Road to carry silk, of course. They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and gold. Along and around these ancient paths have come many fascinating and mysterious stories. It is said that Roman soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese villages. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the legend of the blond-haired, blue-eyed tribes of China was started.
Some historians believe that the people of Kashmir were taken away from their country Israel. They were prisoners (俘虏) of war almost 2800 years ago. People say that these people travelled along the Silk Road. They kept their Jewish way of life for a long time.
During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas. It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road. And they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures. In modem times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a silk route museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
12 ．The underlined word “Merchants” in the passage probably means ________.
A ．foreigners B ．businessmen C ．soldiers D ．prisoners
13 ．According to the passage, ________.
A ．the Silk Road began with the wars.
B ．the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers in China.
C ．people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago.
D ．people from Israel were not included among people on the Silk Road.
14 ．The old Silk Road routes are still used because________.
A ．there are many old stories about them.
B ．the historians and scientists think highly of them.
C ．China will make good use of the Silk Road again.
D ．people can keep on traveling and trading along them.
15 ．The best title for the passage can be________.
A ．Stories along the Silk Road B ．Silk Route Museum
C ．Trade for Silk D ．The West and the Far East
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2022·新疆 ·乌鲁木齐市第四中学高一期末) How does climate change make you feel If it makes you
sad or angry, this is normal and it's called climate anxiety.
_____ 16_____
Climate change means changes in long-term weather patterns, including rising temperatures. Human activities contribute to climate change and cause extreme events._____ 17_____Scientists say these events will get worse unless people around the world work together.
What is climate anxiety
These threats to our planet can have huge influences. They can make you feel angry, frightened, hopeless or sad. This is called climate anxiety. _____ 18_____ A weather expert said, “It's normal to be sad when things you care about are getting hurt.”
How can I feel better about the future
No one can fix climate change on their own, but there are lots of things we can do._____ 19_____Or you can join a community group that you're interested in. Local organizations like Plastic Free North Devon encourage people to do beach cleans. Positive action can inspire others too. Sisters Amy and Ella Meek from the organization Kids Against Plastic have picked up 90,000 pieces of plastic._____20_____
A ．What is climate change
B ．And it is a normal and healthy response.
C ．It’s good for you to worry about the change.
D ．This puts humans, animals and plants at risk.
E ．What should we do to deal with climate change
F ．Breaking the problem into small pieces is a good way to start.
G ．They ask schools, businesses and communities to follow their lead.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2022·全国 · 高一) Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species— defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then ____21____ — runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.
Some things that are uncontroversial (无争议的) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to ____22____ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly
practical and partly philosophical.
Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful nor very
____23____ . Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. ____24____ , Britain’s invasive plants are
not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) ____25____ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always ____26____ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise ____27____ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.
The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also ____28____. Elimination campaigns tend to
be ____29____ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the
state before human ______30______ . That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing (杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming ______31______ in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the
invaders is a(n) ______32______ gesture, not a means to an achievable end.
A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly ______33______ and should be fought: the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes sense to ______34______ pathogens (病菌), especially those that destroy whole native tree species, and to
stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological
museums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no space to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden ______35______ . That is universally accepted.
21 ．A ．multiplied B ．shrunk C ．disappeared D ．harvested
22 ．A ．conserve B ．eliminate C ．investigate D ．prioritize
23 ．A ．healthy B ．intentional C ．harmful D ．profitable
24 ．A ．As a result B ．For example C ．By contrast D ．In fact
25 ．A ．attraction B ．dominance C ．annoyance D ．substitute
26 ．A ．increases B ．destroys C ．reveals D ．targets
27 ．A ．oppressed B ．disturbed C ．cultivated D ．preserved
28 ．A ．acceptable B ．needless C ．mistaken D ．convincing
29 ．A ．fueled B ．organized C ．interrupted D ．greeted
30 ．A ．civilization B ．interference C ．interaction D ．maintenance
31 ．A ．tolerable B ．impossible C ．beneficial D ．critical
32 ．A ．reluctant B ．disorderly C ．invalid D ．unbalanced
33 ．A ．damaging B ．flexible C ．doubtful D ．outstanding
34 ．A ．pick up B ．take in C ．keep out D ．turn down
35 ．A ．agriculture B ．vegetation C ．atmosphere D ．nature
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分)
(2022·安徽省濉溪中学高一开学考试)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Huangshan, which lies in Anhui province, is on the UNESCO World Heritage List and is one of the top scenic ____36____ (attraction) in China. HuangShan ____37____ (it) does not have good transportation links. Most travelers stop in either Tangkou or Tunxi for the nights before and after a visit to Huangshan.
Huangshan has 36 separate peaks, all ____38____ (rise) above 1,800 meters. Famous throughout Chinese artistic history, Huangshan represents the typical (有代表性的) mountain in Chinese paintings. So far, over 1,450 kinds of plants ____39____ (find) there.
The main thing to do in Huangshan is walk pround and take photographs of the scenery, which is spectacular (壮观的), ____40____ (beauty), different and changing in appearance with every change of weather. ____41____ same view looks quite different by day in fine weather and with cloud, early morning and late evening. Sunrise and sunset are famous but, of course, they depend ____42____ the weather.
When there is good weather and clear skies, watching the stars at night is ____43____ (fair) rewarding. If you are staying overnight at a hotel on the mountain then before dark ____44____ (come), find some good areas _____45_____ you can get away from the hotel lights and look up. You are likely to view a sky full of stars.
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46．(2022·新疆 ·乌苏市第一中学高一期中)假定你是李华，你校将举办以“我的家乡”为题的演讲比赛。 你将代表班级参加该比赛，请以此为题，写一篇英语演讲稿。内容包括： 1.家乡的概况(地理位置、人口、气候、历史等)；
2.家乡的特色(美景、美食、名人等)；
3.邀请听众来做客。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.开头已给出，不计入词数；
3.可以适当增加细节、以使行文连贯。
Hello everyone. I am Li Hua…
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分 25 分)
47．(2022·安徽 ·池州市第一中学高一期末)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使
之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Kindergarten Hero
We had just completed a unit on community heroes, and I had given my kindergarten class a task to write or draw about their favorite hero. Each child was busy creating colorful masterpieces such as firefighters, policemen and doctors. Several students had chosen to draw larger-than-life brothers and sisters or moms and dads.
However, one little boy was having difficulty with the assignment. Cameron had touched my heart early in the school year. He had dark brown hair and wore his thick glasses. He looks like a younger version of Harry Potter at best. He often snorted (鼻息声) when he laughed, and the rest of the class would laugh along with him.
Cameron suffered from autism (自闭症), but that didn’t matter to me or his classmates. We all loved him just the way he was. He was full of wonderful stories and brought a special feeling to our classroom. I sat and watched as Austin worked with Cameron. Austin had a wonderful way of interacting with Cameron and he helped him find his hero. Within a few minutes, Cameron quickly began drawing blue lines and curves on his paper—he was particularly fond of the color blue.
Finally, it was time for everybody to share their hero pictures. I listened as each student proudly stood in front of the class, picture held high, and described his or her hero. Several students described their heroes by giving them superhuman strength. It was finally Cameron’s turn to share his hero. Cameron stood up and anxiously placed his large blue stick-figured drawing in front of his face. He then quickly burst out it was a picture of me. He added that I helped him learn things and then quickly sat back down. Tears began to form in the
corner of my eyes, but nothing could have prepared me for what happened next.
注意：
1. 续写的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Austin stood up to share his picture, I was certain it would be a policeman.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______
Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take of and fly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
______
参考答案：
1 ．B
2 ．B
3 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了与萨尔瓦多、危地马拉，洪都拉斯以及墨西哥有关的四个值得计划旅 行的目的地。
1．
推理判断题。根据文章“Antigua, Guatemala”部分内容“The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining European style with pre-Hispanic traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.(16 世纪的安提瓜城被火山、教堂和巴洛克式建筑所包围， 融合了欧洲风格和前西班牙裔传统，设法要跻身联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。 )”可知， Antigua 正努 力跻身于联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，由此可推知， Antigua 有望成为联合国教科文组织的世界遗
产。故选 B 项。
2．
细节理解题。根据文章“Veracruz, Mexico”部分内容“When visiting Veracruz, stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz... Couples also gather to dance in the square. But not just any dance, rather they take part in Danz n, a traditional couples dance iconic to this particular state.(当参观 Veracruz 时，请在 Veracruz 市中心的 Zocalo 停 下来……情侣们也聚集在广场上跳舞。但不是任何舞蹈，而是他们参加 Danz n ，一个传统的情侣舞蹈， 这个特殊的国家的象征。 )”可知，在 Veracruz 的广场可以观看情侣们在广场上跳 Danz n 舞，它是这个国 家的象征，有着特殊的意义。故选 B 项。
3．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Each country above has its own nature, but what combines them is local traditions and Spanish culture.(上面的每个国家都有自己的性质，但将它们结合在一起的是当地的传统和西 班牙文化。 )”可知，这些国家虽然都有自己的性质，但是它们有着共同的背景文化：西班牙文化。由此可 知，它们的共同点在于相同的文化背景。故选 A 项。
4 ．B
5 ．A
6 ．C
7 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是 Michael 独自穿越加拿大，在旅程的过程中困难重重。通过这次旅程来支持 环保组织。该故事表明的是志存高远的人是可以创造奇迹的。
4．
细节理解题。根据第二段中“So I decided to walk across the great wildernesses of Canada to raise funds for Trees for Life, a Scottish rewilding charity, and its work to restore(恢复) Scotland's Caledonian Forest. ” (所以 我决定徒步穿越加拿大的荒野，为苏格兰野生动物重返慈善机构生命之树筹集资金，以及它恢复苏格兰 加里东尼亚森林的工作。)可知， Michael 开启旅程的原因是为了支持环保组织。故选 B。
5．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The enthusiastic walker shared some of his experiences, including meeting black bears and hearing wolves cry loudly at night. ” (这位热情的徒步者分享了他的一些经历，包括遇到黑熊和听 到狼在夜里大声哭泣。)可知，在旅程的过程中，遇到了诸多艰难险阻。故选 A。
6 ．
细节理解题。根据第四段中“And he was accompanied into towns and cities by marching pipe bands and interviewed by newspapers, the radio and TV.” (他在行进的管乐队的陪同下进入城镇，接受报纸、广播和电 视的采访。)可知，迈克尔的行为引起了广泛关注。故选 C。
7．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But Michael's extraordinary journey is proof that an individual can really make a difference. ” (但迈克尔的非凡之旅证明了一个人真的可以做出改变。)可知， Steve Micklewright 认 为，恢复高地的原生栖息地和野生动物是一项艰巨的任务，没有人能独自完成。但是 Michael 做到了。所 以他赞同的是志存高远的人可以创造奇迹。故选 A。
8 ．B
9 ．A
10 ．C
11 ．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。文章主要说明 了丝绸之路危险重重，丝绸之路上的商人面临的两大挑战一是沿途地理环境恶劣，二是路途可能遭遇的 歹徒抢劫。
8．
词句猜测题。根据上文“Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road”可知，尽管穿越丝绸 之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险。根据该句表达的含义可推断出 it 指前面提到的 “穿越丝绸之路”。故选 B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert.” (戈壁沙漠是亚洲最大的沙漠，主要由坚硬的岩石构成。与邻近的塔克拉玛干沙漠等沙质沙漠相 比，这一特点使商人更容易穿越)可知，戈壁沙漠之所以比其他沙漠容易穿越，是因为戈壁沙漠地表主 要是坚硬的岩石，比较容易走。故选 A。
10．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there.” (因此，沿途设立了休息站，让旅客休息、吃饭和喝水。这些地方也促进了停留在那里的旅客之间 的货物甚至思想的交流)可知，丝绸之路沿途驿站是世界各国旅行者共享的。故选 C。
11．
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段最后一句“Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.” (尽管穿越丝绸之路的商人可以挣大钱，但穿越丝绸之路并非毫无风险) 可知，文章主要介绍了丝绸之路上的商人面临的危险。故选 C。
12 ．B
13 ．C
14 ．D
15 ．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸之路及发生在丝绸之路上的迷人而神秘的故事。
12．
词义猜测题。根据画线单词下句“They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and
gold.” (他们还携带和交易其他物品，如香料、布料、珠宝和黄金。)可知，句中的“They”代指画线单词 “Merchants”，携带和交易物品的人应该是商人，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是商人沿着丝绸之路行 进以运送丝绸， “businessmen”意为“商人”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选 B 项。
13．
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago.” (科学家认为，大约 3000 年前，人们就开始走丝绸之路了。)可知，科学家认为，人们在大约3000 年前 就开始走丝绸之路了，由此可知，根据文章内容，大约 3000 年前，人们就开始走丝绸之路了。故选 C 项。
14．
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas. It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road. And they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures. In modem times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses.” (丝绸之路允许分享有价值的东西和新思想。它包括来自不 同地区的人员和商品交易。所有这些人都走了丝绸之路。他们分享商品、故事、语言和文化。在现代， 古老的丝绸之路仍在使用，但现在它们由火车而不是骆驼和马穿过。)可知，丝绸之路的用途是供来自不 同地区的人们沿途旅行，分享新思想和进行商品交易，由此可知，古老的丝绸之路仍在使用，是因为人 们可以继续沿着它们旅行和交易。故选 D 项。
15．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“The Silk Road is the name of different roads that connected Europe, Africa and Asia long ago.” (丝绸之路是很久以前连接欧洲、非洲和亚洲的不同道路的名称。)和第 二段关键句“Along and around these ancient paths have come many fascinating and mysterious stories.” (沿着 这些古老的道路，有着许多迷人而神秘的故事。)可知，文章主要介绍了丝绸之路及发生在丝绸之路上的 迷人而神秘的故事，例如文中介绍的中国金发碧眼部落的来历等故事， “Stories along the Silk Road”意为 “沿着丝绸之路的故事”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选 A 项。
16 ．A
17 ．D
18 ．B
19 ．F
20 ．G
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是气候变化、什么是气候焦虑以及我们怎样才能对未来感觉更好。
16．
根据每一段的标题可知，空格处是疑问句式的标题。根据下文“Climate change means changes in long - term weather patterns including rising temperatures that are known as global warming. (气候变化意味着长期气候模 式的变化，包括被称为全球变暖的气温上升。) ”可知，本段解释气候变化， A 项“Whatis climate change (什么是气候变化？) ”为段落标题。所以本题应该选 A。
17．
根据上文“Human activities contribute to climate change and cause extreme events. (人类活动导致气候变化， 并引发极端事件。) ”以及下文“Scientists say these events will get worse unless people around the world work together. (科学家们说，除非全世界的人共同努力，否则这些事件会变得更糟。) ”可知上文讲的是气候变 化会引发极端事件，下文是科学家对于后果的预测，所以空处应该是描述气候变化的影响， D 项“This puts the lives of humans, animals and plants at risk. (这会危及人类、动物和植物的生命。) ”符合文意。所以 本题选 D。
18 ．
根据上文“This is called climate anxiety. (这就是所谓的气候焦虑。) ”以及下文“A weather expert said, “It's normal to be sad when things you care about are getting hurt. ( 一位气象专家说： “当你关心的事情受到伤害 时，悲伤是正常的。) ”可知，上一句讲述的是气候焦虑，下一句讲的是专家分析这种情绪是正常的，所 以缺少一个过渡句，表示对于这种情绪的态度， B 项“And it is a normal and healthy response. (这是一种 正常而健康的反应) ”符合文意。所以本题应该选 B。
19．
根据上文“No one can fix climate change on their own, but there are lots of things we can do. (没有人能够独自 解决气候变化问题，但我们可以做很多事情。) ”以及下文“Or you canjoin a community group that you're interested in. (或者你可以加入一个你感兴趣的社区团体。 ”可知，上文讲我们可以做很多事情，下文介 绍另一种做法，故空格处应介绍一种我们可以做的事情。 F 项“Breaking the problem into small pieces is a good way to start. (把问题分解成是一个很好的开始。) ” 符合文意。所以本题应该选 F。
20．
根据上文“Positive action can inspire others too. Sisters Amy and Ella Meek from the organization Kids Against Plastic have picked up 90, 000 pieces of
plastic. (积极的行动也能激励他人。来自儿童反对塑料组织的姐妹艾米和埃拉 ·米克捡了 9 万块塑料。) ” 可知，前一句讲述的是一些积极的行为，反塑料组织的行动，所以后面需要表达对于这个行为的影响， 对应 G 项“They ask schools, businesses and communities to follow their lead. (他们请求学校、企业和社区效 仿他们。) ” 符合文意， they 指代上文提到的 Sisters Amy and Ella Meek 。所以本题选 G。
21 ．A
22 ．B
23 ．C
24 ．D
25 ．C
26 ．A
27 ．B
28 ．C
29 ．A
30 ．B
31 ．B
32 ．C
33 ．A
34 ．C
35 ．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇议论文。文章认为除了一些特例，无论从事实角度还是哲学角度分析，消灭入侵物种都是没必 要的，号召我们针对入侵物种要理性有区分地对待。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：入侵物种的国际名单——被定义为那些被人类引入新的地方，然后繁殖的物 种——超过 4000 种。 A. multiplied 繁殖，倍增； B. shrunk 减少； C. disappeared 消失； D. harvested 收获。 根据后文“In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.”可知，有些国家针对引进的生物采取了遏制措施，可推断是因为这些生物在引进地大量繁殖。故 选 A 项。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些事情是没有争议的，但却是愚蠢的。除了一些重要的例外，消灭入侵物
种的行动只是浪费金钱和精力——部分原因是实际的，部分原因是哲学上讲的。 A. conserve 保护： B.
eliminate 消除； C. investigate 调查； D. prioritize 优先考虑。根据后文“Elimination campaigns tend to be ___9___ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the state before human ___ 10___ . ”可知，很多地方都存在消灭入侵物种的行为。故选 B 项。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数入侵物种既不是非常成功，也不是非常有害。 A. healthy 健康的； B. intentional 故意的； C. harmful 有害的； D. profitable 盈利的。根据下文“Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. _____ , Britain’s invasive plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) ______than vigorous native plants.”可知，，大多数入侵物种并不是非常有害。故选 C 项。
24．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，英国的入侵植物并不普遍，传播速度也不是特别快，而且通常也没
有生命力旺盛的本土植物那么烦人。 A. As a result 结果； B. For example 比如； C. By contrast 对比； D. In
fact 事实上。根据前文“Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants.”可知，英国人对于入侵物种有
着错误的认知，作者接下来是在解释真正的事实，所以用 in fact 开头来开始自己的解释。故选 D 项。 25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，英国的入侵植物并不普遍，传播速度也不是特别快，而且通常也没
有生命力旺盛的本土植物那么烦人。 A. attraction 魅力； B. dominance 支配地位； C. annoyance 烦恼； D.
substitute 替代品。根据后文“he arrival of new species almost always ___6___ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. ”可知，入侵物种对地区也存 在积极意义，相比之下本土生命力旺盛的植物反而令人烦恼。故选 C 项。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新物种的到来几乎总是会增加一个地区的生物多样性。 A. increases 增加； B. destroys 破坏； C. reveals 揭露； D. targets 把……作为攻击目标。根据后文“One reason is that invaders tend to colonise ___7___ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.”可知，新物种选择受到干扰的栖息地繁殖，并没有破坏本地物种的栖息环境，所以 对于当地而言，生物多样性增加了。故选 A 项。
27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个原因是，入侵物种倾向于在受到干扰的栖息地殖民，比如被污染
的湖泊和后工业时代的荒地，那里几乎没有其他生物。他们是自然界的机会主义者。 A.
oppressed 受压迫的； B. disturbed 受干扰的； C. cultivated 用于耕作的； D. preserved 受保护的。根据后文 “like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives”可知，他们选择的栖息地是诸如被污 染的湖泊、荒地等被人类干扰的地方。故选 B 项。
28．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对入侵物种发动战争的哲学理由也是错误的。 A. acceptable 可接受的； B. needless 不必要的； C. mistaken 错误的； D. convincing 令人信服的。根据前文“With a few important exceptions, campaigns to ___2___ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.”可知，作者认为无论从实际角度还是哲学角度，对入侵物种发 动战争都是金钱和精力的浪费，是错误的。故选 C 项。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：消灭运动往往是受到这样一种信念的刺激，即有可能恢复自然的平衡——使 森林和湖泊恢复到人类干预之前的状态。 A. fueled 刺激，加剧； B. organized 组织； C. interrupted 打断； D. greeted 欢迎，迎接。根据前文“Everybody loves to hate invasive species. ”及“In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.”可知，对入侵物种发动战争，
企图消灭它们，这种行为是比较普遍的，可推断消灭运动受到一定的信念刺激。故选 A 项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：消灭运动往往是受到这样一种信念的刺激，即有可能恢复自然的平衡——使 森林和湖泊恢复到人类干预之前的状态。 A. civilization 文明； B. interference 干预； C. interaction 互动； D. maintenance 维护。根据后文“Humans have only quickened these processes. ”可知，人类的介入使得森林和 湖泊发生了变化，这是人类干预大自然的结果。故选 B 项。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于人为的气候变化，要想回到古老的栖息地已经不可能了。 A. tolerable 可忍受的； B. impossible 不可能的； C. beneficial 有益的； D. critical 关键的。根据后文“because of man- made climate change”可知，气候在人类的干预下发生了很大变化，导致栖息环境也发生了很大变化，结合 常识也可知，回到古老的栖息地是不可能的事情。故选 B 项。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与入侵者物种较量是一种无效的姿态，而不是达到可达到目的的手段。 A. reluctant 不情愿的； B. disorderly 混乱的； C. invalid 无效的； D. unbalanced 失衡的。根据前文“Elimination
campaigns tend to be ___9___ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and
lakes to the state before human ___ 10___That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing (杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes.”可知， 作者认为消灭入侵者的运动是错误的，物种的出现、消失和杂交都是一个自然的过程，所以作者认为与 入侵者较量是没必要的，是无效的。故选 C 项。
33．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些外来物种确实具有破坏性，应该与之斗争:尼罗河鲈鱼——一种导致维 多利亚湖许多鱼类灭绝的鱼类。 A. damaging 破坏性的； B. flexible 灵活的； C. doubtful 怀疑的； D. outstanding 杰出的。根据后文“the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria”可知，尼罗河鲈鱼导致了维多利亚湖很多鱼类的灭绝，可知这种入侵物种是具有破坏性 的。故选 A 项。
34．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：阻止病原体进入，尤其是那些破坏整个本地树种的病原体，并阻止已知的农 业害虫获得立足之地，是有意义的。 A. pick up 捡起，接送； B. take in 吸收； C. keep out 阻止进入； D. turn down 拒绝。根据后文“and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold”可知，作者认为阻止
病原体进入生态环境与阻止已知的害虫生存是同样具有重要意义的。故选 C 项。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不能种植自然。 A. agriculture 农业； B. vegetation 植被； C. atmosphere 气 氛； D. nature 自然。根据前文“And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no space to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. ”可知，针对不同物种不能一概而 论，有害的物种要杜绝其进入，作者以种植为例，说明我们要有选择地种植，而不能把整个大自然的所 有物种都种植到自己的花园里。故选 D 项。
36 ．attractions
37 ．itself
38 ．rising
39 ．have been found
40 ．beautiful
41 ．The
42 ．on##upon
43 ．fairly
44 ．comes
45 ．where 【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄山的相关情况。
36．
考查名词复数。句意：黄山，位于安徽省，被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，是中国最大的风景 名胜区之一。分析句子结构可知， one of+复数名词，表示“……之一” 。 故填 attractions。
37．
考查代词。句意：黄山本身没有良好的交通联系。分析句子结构可知，所填词作 Huangshan 的同位语， 所以用其反身代词，表示“它自己”。故填 itself。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：黄山有 36 座独立的山峰，全部都在 1800 米以上。分析句子结构可知，所填词 作后置定语，是被修饰的词 all 主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词，表示主动。故填rising。
39 ．
考查动词语态。句意：到目前为止，已经有 1450 种的植物在那里被找到了。分析句子结构可知，所填词 作谓语，句子的主语 over 1,450 kinds of plants 与 find 之间为被动关系，同时 So far 与现在完成时连用， 所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been found。
40．
考查形容词。句意：在黄山最主要的事情就是四处走动，拍摄风景，这是壮观的，美丽的，不同的和变 化的外观随着每一个天气的变化。分析句子结构可知，根据 different 判断，所填词与之为并列成分，所 以用形容词 beautiful，作表语。故填 beautiful。
41．
考查冠词。句意：同样的景色，在白天晴天和阴天，清晨和傍晚看起来很不一样。分析句子结构可知， same 通常与定冠词 the 连用，表示“相同的”。故填 The。
42．
考查固定短语。句意：日出和日落是著名的，但是，当然，它们取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，此处 是固定短语 depend on/upon“依靠”。故填 on 或 upon。
43．
考查副词。句意：当有好天气和晴朗的天空时，在晚上看星星是相当值得的。分析句子结构可知，所填 词作状语，修饰形容词 rewarding，用副词形式。故填 fairly。
44．
考查动词时态。句意：如果你在山上的酒店过夜，那么在天黑之前，找一些好的地方，在那里，你可以 远离酒店的灯光，向上看。分析句子结构可知，所填词作谓语，句子的主语是 dark，所以谓语用第三人 称单数形式，同时 before 是引导时间状语从句，从句谓语用一般现在时表示将来。故填 comes。
45．
考查定语从句。句意：见第 9 题详解。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 areas ，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
46 ． Hello, everyone. I am Li Hua from Class 7 Grade 1. It is my honor to introduce my hometown to you
all.
My hometown is Wusu, a small city located at the foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It has a long history which dates back to the Han Dynasty and an area of over 20 thousand square kilometers. My hometown has various landscapes including mountains, forests, grasslands and deserts and a lot of attractions like Daipuseng Mount, Jiulian Lake and so on, which offers a great feast for your eyes. My hometown is also famous for its delicious meals and drinks, among which Wusu beer is well known at home and abroad.
Welcome to my hometown to experience it in person. The people here are friendly and hospitable. If you come here, you will feel at home.
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“我的家乡”为话题写一篇英语演讲稿，介绍家乡的概况和特色，并 邀请听众来做客。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
①各种各样的： various→a variety of
②因……而著名： be famous for…→be well-known for…
③美味的： delicious→tasty
④亲自： in person→by oneself/personally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： It is my honor to introduce my hometown to you all.
拓展句： It is my honor that I have the chance to introduce my hometown to you all.
【点睛】
【高分句型 1】My hometown is Wusu, a small city located at the foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. (运用了同位语及非谓语动词作定语)
【高分句型 2】My hometown has various landscapes including mountains, forests, grasslands and deserts and a lot of attractions like Daipuseng Mount, Jiulian Lake and so on, which offers a great feast for your eyes.(运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．参考范文
When Austin stood up to share his picture, I was certain it would be a policeman. But he surprised me when he proudly held up a picture of his friend Cameron. He shared that Cameron was his hero because he had this sickness that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart. He had drawn a red cape on his cartoon-like picture of Cameron and decorated the costume with a large red “C” on Cameron’s chest.
Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take off and fly. He joyfully shouted out, “I’m Superman!” The entire class stood up and began striking Superman gestures, too. Within minutes, we were all laughing as though we had each truly discovered the secret of becoming superheroes. Teachers are tasked with a very important job, leading their children in discovering their own amazing qualities and helping them find their inner superhero.
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章以人物为线索，描写作者给班级学生布置一个任务，写或画他们最喜欢的英 雄，班级中得了自闭症的同学 Cameron 画的是作者，因为作者帮助了他学习，这让作者很感动；而另一 个同学 Austin 画的是 Cameron，并解释说 Cameron 虽然得了自闭症，但是像超人一样，非常聪明。作者 从中感悟到老师肩负着一项非常重要的工作，引导孩子们发现自己惊人的品质，帮助他们找到自己内心 的超级英雄。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当Austin 站起来分享他的图画时，我确信那一定是一名警察。 ”可知，第一段可描 Austin 分享的超级英雄是 Cameron 并说明原因。
②由第二段首句内容“Cameron 突然站了起来，双手举在空中，好像要飞起来似的。 ”可知，第二段可描 写 Cameron 模仿超级英雄，大家都非常开心，作者对此做出感悟。
2.续写线索： Austin 分享图画——作者感到惊讶——Cameron 模仿超人—— 同学一起模仿超人——大家开 心的笑了——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①站起来： stand up/rise to one’s feet
②分享： share/have a share in
③发现： discover/find/catch a sight of 情绪类
①令某人惊讶： surprise sb./to one’s surprise
②高兴地： joyfully/happily
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]. He shared that Cameron was his hero because he had this sickness that made it really hard to learn, but he was like Superman and was really smart. (由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句，由 because 引导的原因状语 从句和由 that 引导的定语从句)
[高分句型 2]. Cameron suddenly stood up, and put his arms up in the air as if he were going to take off and fly. (由 as if 引导的方式状语从句)