人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues同步测试(含解析)

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名称 人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues同步测试(含解析)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2023-07-05 19:26:05

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一、单项选择
1.She is a student at Oxford University, ______ for a degree in computer science.
A.studying B.studied C.to have studied D.to be studying
2.The policemen search the room thoroughly, ________nothing________.
A.leaving, untouched B.left, untouched
C.to leave, untouching D.left, to be untouched
3.In the past hundred years, humans have been destroying rainforests ______ some major resources.
A.in memory of B.in danger of C.in charge of D.in search of
4.He left his homeland to study abroad in ______ of knowledge and wisdom.
A.defense B.pursuit
C.memory D.charge
5.__________ carsick, she had her eyes __________ on the road before her and soon she got better.
A.To feel; fixed B.Feeling; fixing C.Feeling; fixed D.Felt; fixing
6.The police caught him ________ a car and immediately ________ him.
A.to steal; arrested B.stealing; arrested
C.stole; arresting D.had stolen; arresting
7.Did you see that boy __________ by the police over there.
A.questioned B.to be questioned
C.being questioned D.questioning
8.According to Reuters, NASA will allow up to two private trips to the International Space Station per year, with each ________ up to 30 days.
A.will last B.lasts C.lasting D.lasted
9.Did you hear the dog downstairs ________for most of the night
A.bark B.barked C.being barked D.barking
10.Supposing that you are right, we’ll make ________money from the project.
A.a large number of B.a great deal C.a great deal of D.a good many
11.________ many times, he finally understood it.
A.Having told B.To be told C.Being told D.Having been told
12.As a matter of fact, it is his ________to the work rather than his talent that contributes to his splendid achievement.
A.donation B.commitment C.response D.tendency
13.People from different parts of the world, ________ by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California, ________ it such a multicultural community.
A.attracted; to make B.attracted; making
C.attracting; making D.attracting; to make
14.Since Claire had become attached to Tony, the robot needed ________—you cannot have women ________ in love with machines.
A.to rebuild; fall B.to rebuild; falling
C.to be rebuilt; fall D.to be rebuilt; falling
15.A man in the water was shouting and ________his arms around frantically.
A.shaking B.whispering C.stretching D.waving
16.The grandparents are ________ with good health and three lovely grandchildren.
A.convinced B.threatened C.blessed D.appointed
17.With the teacher ________ beside, she felt a little uneasy.
A.standing B.stood C.to stand D.was standing
18.It is unwise of you to seek a job in this city, for the unemployment here is twice the national________.
A.income B.security C.expense D.average
19.You either starve to death or _________like Robinson Crusoe, _________for a boat which never _________.
A.living; waiting; coming B.live; wait; comes
C.living; wait; come D.live; waiting; comes
20.—My schedule is quite __________.
—I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
A.accessible B.flexible C.sensible D.responsible
21.Liberian President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf -the first woman ________ to head an African country- said she did not expect to see a black American president in her lifetime.
A.elected B.to elect C.to be elected D.electing
22.________ ridiculous, the news spread quickly among the people.
A.Sounded B.Sounding C.To sound D.Having sounded
23.________ the two objects, you will find the differences. ________ with other people, we are lucky to have the opportunity.
A.Compare, Comparing B.Comparing, Compared
C.Compared, Comparing D.To compare, compared
24.There is little time ________, so he rushed out, ________ the food ________.
A.left, leaving, untouched B.leaving, leaving, untouched
C.left, left, untouched D.leaving, left, untouching
25.In the laboratory Watson found Sherlock Holmes ________ at a desk with his attention ________ on some experimental equipment.
A.seated; focusing B.seating; focused
C.sat; focusing D.sitting; focused
26.The outbreak of the pandemic led to thousands of people to hospital for treatment, the world to be in deep sorrow.
A.sent; which caused B.were sent; caused
C.sending; having caused D.being sent; causing
27.Eric runs in after it, ______ by a big dog, ______ very slowly.
A.following; walking B.followed; walking
C.followed; walked D.following; walked
28.Healthcare workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ______to patients.
A.guidance B.assignment C.exposure D.response
29.________ , I have no difficulty in finding the famous artist’s house.
A.Directing by B.I was directed by Jack C.With Jack directing me D.Jack directed me
30.If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, ________ even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.
A.allowing B.allowed C.To allow D.allow
第II卷(非选择题)
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
31.All our suggestions were ________(拒绝) out of hand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
32.Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone ______ (尖叫,呼啸) from another table. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
33.She has recently __________ (出版) her fourth book with the Commercial Press. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
34.Her mother was a powerful and ________ (精力充沛的)woman. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
35.She ____________(回应) briefly to the questions in the job interview. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
36.The dictionary ________ (出版) in 1997. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
37.After ________ (退休、退职) from the army it took my uncle a long time to adjust to civilian life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
38.In order to get a __________ (奖学金), she has been working hard all the term.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
39.The young woman is operating a store of her own, so she has rather __________ (灵活的) working hours. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
40.He knew I was ______(精力充沛的)and dynamic and would get things done. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
41.He fell, ________(击) his head on the edge of the table. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
42.He knew I was ________(精力充沛的) and active and would get things done. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
43.She______________ (小声说) her secret to me.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
44.He searched his___________ (记忆) for an answer.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
45.The hotel features a lovely dining-room________(俯视) the lake. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
46.When he was________(选举) president, a reporter went back to his hometown to interview his mother. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47.In a formal football match, each team can have three players to _________(替换) their teammates when necessary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48.The next day started with a talk on poetry by an ___________ (精力充沛的) young teacher who has a good knowledge of ancient poets, especially the female ones. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49.It is a false step and the whole game becomes ________(被动的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50.We should think how to handle the problems instead of ________ (抱怨) about others’ mistakes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51.I thought it was another chance to repay someone for a favour I’d been given ________ (数十年) earlier. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52.Many people ________ (退休) to the countryside, where they can enjoy peace and fresh air. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53.The average ________ (收入) of Changzhou, though still well below that of Suzhou, has been on the increase. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54.The young nurse was very nervous when she assisted at her first _____(手术). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55.There was an enthusiastic________ (答复) to my suggestions, which is out of my expectation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56.The labor class exhausted the students,_______ (拖,拉) their bodies home. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57.Our main ________(出口) is rice. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58.What is their main source of ________(收入) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59.School ________(职员) and students can enjoy reading on the second and the third floors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60.________ (察觉) that he wasn’t happy with the arrangements, I tried to book a different hotel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
三、汉译英(整句)
61.【例】Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
【仿】将修建更多的道路和地铁,减少交通拥挤。(汉译英)
62.张择端施墨于绢,落笔之处,风景、建筑、人物,无不逼真传神,同时展现出对透视法的精通。(划线部分用非谓语) (汉译英)
63.一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根,带来我们渴望的“家的味道”,让我们一解怀乡之情。(划线部分用非谓语) (汉译英)
64.安全指南非常值得一读,因为它们有助于预防事故发生。(worth) (汉译英)
65.他们向那所大学捐赠了一笔款项,以纪念他们的儿子。(in memory of) (汉译英)
66.作为农业领域的先锋人物,袁隆平选择走了一条人迹罕至的道路,不遗余力解决粮食短缺问题,把人们从饥饿中解救出来。(spare) (汉译英)
67.令雇主吃惊的是,在求职过程中,比起工资,弹性工作制更吸引大学毕业生。(appeal) (汉译英)
68.他们碰见她独自一人神色忧郁的走在海滩上。(find +宾语+ 宾补)(汉译英)
69.她发现地上有一个钱包。(find的复合结构) (汉译英)
70.看见一条蛇,这个女孩发出一声尖叫。(let out a scream) (汉译英)
71.The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.
弹吉他的一个好处是它能给你带来很多快乐。(仿写汉译英)
72.当我们喜欢一个人的时候,我们往往会容忍他或她的错误。(tolerant) (汉译英)
73.看到所有人为我鼓掌,我感到非常激动。(汉译英)
74.非盈利机构是我们社会的重要组成部分,为有需要的人提供服务,帮助他们重拾生活的信心。(need) (汉译英)
75.据我所知,面对许多观众演讲时,你越紧张,对自己就越没信心。(the more…the more) (汉译英)
76.漫长的一天之后,张天回到自己的小房间,感到很累。(tired) (汉译英)
77.聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。(现在分词作定语)(汉译英)
78.这家酒店不但避免使用一次性塑料产品,而且还采用节能照明系统,开创了当地生态旅游的先河。(adopt) (汉译英)
79.看到家里没人,她决定给他们留个便条。(翻译句子,要含有动词ing)
80.翻阅报纸时,我被展示飓风破坏情况的照片震惊了。(look through; shocked) (汉译英)
81.听到这条消息,所有人都把注意力集中在他身上。(focus...on...) (汉译英)
82.学校里思维最敏锐的学生们正在教室里争论这一话题。(SVOA) (汉译英)
83.她和那个科幻小说作家约好在咖啡馆见面。(have an appointment with)(汉译英)
84.中国修建了更多的公路,使人们从一个地方去另一个地方旅行更加容易了。(汉译英)
85.最近我一直在思考未来,我在想怎样才能实现自己的目标。(汉译英)
86.随着暑假的临近,似乎每个人都在忙着做假期计划。(with复合结构) (汉译英)
87.随着世界变成地球村,英语变得越来越重要。(动词-ing形式作补语) (汉译英)
88.由于他不懂英语,他不知道他们想要什么。 (动词-ing形式作状语)(汉译英)
89.当我们不在大楼旁边的球场上比赛时,我们就在电视上看比赛。(play on the court) (汉译英)
90.他在纽约花了很多时间试演各种不同的角色。(try out for...) (汉译英)
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她是牛津大学的一名学生,攻读计算机科学学位。study在句中作伴随状语,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语She之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故选A项。
2.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:警察彻底搜查了房间,没有留下任何东西。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“search”,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“policemen”和“leave”为逻辑上的主谓关系,故应用“leave”的现在分词“leaving”作状语,空格一应填“leaving”,“untouched”意为“未动的”,形容词词性,在句中作宾补,空格二应填“untouched”。故选A项。
3.D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:在过去的一百年里,人类一直在破坏热带雨林以寻找一些主要资源。A. in memory of为了纪念;B. in danger of有……危险;C. in charge of负责;D. in search of寻找。根据句意,此处指“寻找一些资源”,应用in search of。故选D。
4.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了追求知识和智慧,他离开祖国到国外留学。A. defense防御;B. pursuit追求;C. memory记忆;D. charge掌管,负责。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定短语in pursuit of…意为“为了追求……”符合句意。故选B项。
5.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她感到晕车,眼睛盯着前面的路,很快就好了。第一空为现在分词作状语,逻辑主语she与feel之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语;第二空为非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语her eyes与fix之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故选C。
6.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意:警察发现他在偷车,立即把他逮捕了。catch sb. doing sth. 当场抓获某人在做某事;第二空为并列的谓语动词,根据并列连词and前谓语动词caught可知,用一般过去时。故选B。
7.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你看到那边警察正在盘问的那个男孩了吗?分析句子可知,question作宾语补足语,根据句意表示正在进行的动作用现在分词形式,宾语boy与question是动宾关系,故使用现在分词的被动式作宾语补足语。故选C。
8.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:据路透社报道,美国宇航局将允许每年最多两次私人前往国际空间站,每次最多持续30天。观察句子可知,with为介词,空处缺少each的补足语,each (trip)与last构成逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词作宾补。故选C项。
9.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你听到楼下的狗叫了大半个晚上了吗?hear sb. doing sth.为固定用法,意为“听见某人正在做某事”,空处需填现在分词作宾语补足语,the dog和bark为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词的一般式barking。故选D。
10.C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意:假如你是对的,我们将从这个项目中赚一大笔钱。A. a large number of大量的,修饰可数名词;B. a great deal许多,大量,后面不能直接加名词;C. a great deal of许多的,修饰不可数名词;D. a good many许多,大量,后面不能直接加名词。根据“money”可知,此处修饰不可数名词需用a great deal of。故选C。
11.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:被告知许多次后,他终于明白了。分析句子可知,空处作状语,是非谓语动词,结合句意可知,tell的行为发生在understand之前,且tell和he逻辑上是被动关系,应用现在分词完成式的被动语态having been done。故选D。
12.B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:事实上,是他对工作的投入而不是他的才能促成了他的辉煌成就。A. donation捐赠;B. commitment投入、奉献;C. response响应;D. tendency趋势。分析句意可知,此处用名词commitment表示“投入、奉献”符合语境。故选B项。
13.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:来自世界各地被气候和生活方式所吸引的人们,仍然移民到加利福尼亚州,使其成为一个多元文化的社区。空格1作后置定语,和名词people构成逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式attracted;空格2作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词形式making。故选B项。
14.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于克莱尔已经爱上了托尼,机器人需要重建——你不能让女人们爱上机器。空格1作动词need的宾语,主语the robot和动词rebuilt为逻辑上的被动关系,应用动词不定式的被动式to be rebuilt作宾语;空格2作宾语补足语,和宾语women之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词形式falling。故选D项。
15.D
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意:一个人在水里大喊大叫,疯狂地挥舞着手臂。A. shaking颤抖;B. whispering低声说;C. stretching伸展;D. waving挥手。分析句子,设空处使用现在分词与空前shouting构成并列结构,与空前was构成过去进行时。根据“his arms around”可知,此处表示“挥舞”用wave。故选D。
16.C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:爷爷奶奶有福气,身体健康,还有三个可爱的孙子孙女。A. convinced使相信;B. threatened恐吓;C. blessed祈求上帝保佑;D. appointed安排。根据“good health and three lovely grandchildren”可推知,此处表示积极的内容,blessed符合题意,be blessed with sth.是固定短语,意为“有幸拥有……,被赋予……”,表示有幸拥有健康的身体、三个可爱的孙子孙女。故选C。
17.A
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:老师站在旁边,她感到有点不安。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词stand和宾语teacher之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作宾补,故选A。
18.D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:你在这个城市找工作是不明智的,因为这里的失业率是全国平均水平的两倍。A. income收入;B. security安全、保障;C. expense花销、代价、费用;D. average平均水平、平均数。根据句意可知,此处应表示全国的平均水平,应用average。故选D项。
19.D
【详解】考查谓语动词和非谓语动词。句意:你要么饿死,要么像鲁滨逊漂流记那样生活,等待一只永远不会到来的船。分析句子结构可知,第一空与谓语动词starve为并列结构,使用either…or…连接起来;第二空为分词短语作状语,wait与句子主语you之间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词形式waiting;第三空为which引导的定语从句中的谓语动词,根据主句中的谓语动词starve可知,此处应使用一般现在时态,且关系代词which在句中作主语,指代的先行词a boat为第三人称单数,所以从句中的谓语动词也应为comes。故选D项。
20.B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:——我的日程安排很灵活。——我可以安排下周的任何一天与你见面。A. accessible可接近的;B. flexible灵活的;C. sensible明智的;D. responsible负责任的。根据后文时间状语any day next week可知,我可以在下周任何一天见面,说明我的时间安排很灵活。故选B项。
21.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意。利比里亚总统埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫,第一位当选非洲国家元首的女性,她说她一生中没想到会看到一位美国黑人总统。分析可知,空处应用非谓语动词作woman的后置定语,elect和woman之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,故应用过去分词。故选A。
22.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个消息听起来很可笑,很快就在民间传开了。系动词sound“听起来”和主语之间是主动关系,故用其现在分词作状语。D项表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,不符合句意;C项表示目的,不符合句意。故选B项。
23.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:比较这两个物体,你会发现它们的不同之处。与其他人相比,我们很幸运有这样的机会。句中为非谓语动词作状语。第一空逻辑主语you与compare之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语;第一空逻辑主语we与compare之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故选B。
24.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:剩下的时间不多了,所以他冲出去了,食物没动。so前面的句子中谓语是is,第一空用非谓语动词,time和leave之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此第一空用过去分词表被动;so后的句子中谓语是rushed,第2空和第3空用非谓语动词,he和第2空的leave之间是主谓关系,因此第二空用现在分词表主动,food和untouch之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此第3空用过去分词表被动,故选A。
25.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在实验室里,华生发现夏洛克·福尔摩斯正坐在一张桌子旁,全神贯注地注视着一些实验仪器。分析句子可知,第一空是非谓语动词,作found的宾语补足语,如果用seat,seat意为“使就座”,和Sherlock Holmes逻辑上是被动关系,需用过去分词形式seated,如果用sit,sit意为“坐”,和Sherlock Holmes逻辑上是主动关系,需用现在分词形式sitting,故可排除B和C项;第二空是非谓语动词,在with复合结构中作宾语补足语,focus意为“集中”,和his attention逻辑上是被动关系,需用过去分词形式focused。故选D。
26.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:疫情的爆发导致成千上万的人被送往医院接受治疗,使世界陷入深深的悲痛之中。动词短语lead to后接动名词作宾语,逻辑主语people和send之间为动宾关系,故应用动名词的被动式being done,作宾语,故第一空填being sent。句中谓语动词led to,且句中无连词,故空格二处应用非谓语动词,动词cause意为“造成”,句中表示由前半句而产生的自然而然的结果,第二空应用现在分词causing,作结果状语。故选D项。
27.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:埃里克跟着它跑了进去,后面跟着一条大狗,走得很慢。空处应填非谓语动词的形式,Eric与follow之间为被动关系,应用过去分词表被动,所以空①应填followed,dog与walk之间为主动关系,应用现在分词表示主动,作伴随状语。故选B项。
28.C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于医护人员与病人接触,他们有感染传染病的危险。A. guidance引导;B. assignment任务;C. exposure暴露,接触;D. response回复。根据“Healthcare workers ”和“patients”可知,此处表示医护人员和病人接触。故选C。
29.C
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意:在杰克的指导下,我毫不费力地找到了这位著名艺术家的家。分子句子可知,句中有谓语动词“have”且句中无连词,故空格处不能用含有谓语动词的句子,故排除“B”和“D”,“I”和“direct”为逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作作状语,故排除“A”,句中应用with的复合结构:with+宾语+宾语补足语,此处宾语Jack和动词direct是主动关系,应用现在分词作宾语补足语,故“With Jack directing me”。故选C项。
30.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你在户外运动,你的身体会学会更深地呼吸,让更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,“_________ (allow) even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain.”作状语,表示主句所述内容所带来的自然结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故选A。
31.rejected/dismissed
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们所有的建议都被一口拒绝了。“拒绝”表达为动词reject或dismiss,与逻辑主语All our suggestions为动宾关系,应用被动语态,空前有were,为一般过去时的被动语态,设空处应用动词过去分词,故填rejected/dismissed。
32.screaming
【详解】考查动词。陈伟的晚餐被另一桌的尖叫声打断了。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词scream,本句已有谓语动词heard,所以scream用非谓语形式,和它的逻辑主语someone之间是主动关系,用现在分词形式,作宾语补足语。故填screaming。
33.published
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:她最近在商务印书馆出版了她的第四本书。根据汉语提示“出版”可知,此处为动词publish,结合时间状语“recently”可知,此处为现在完成时,已有助动词has,空处需填过去分词published。故填published。
34.energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她的母亲是一个强大而精力充沛的女人。“精力充沛的”表达为形容词energetic,作名词woman的前置定语。故填energetic。
35.responded
【详解】考查动词。句意:她简短地回答了工作面试中的问题。根据汉语提示可知应用动词respond,作谓语,结合语境可知用一般过去时。故填responded。
36.was published
【详解】考查动词和时态语态。句意:这本词典于1997年出版。“出版”的英文表达是publish,和句子主语The dictionary之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语in 1997可知,句子用一般过去时的被动语态,且句子主语The dictionary是单数第三人称。故答案为was published。
37.retiring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:从军队退役后,我叔叔花了很长时间才适应平民生活。根据汉语提示“退休、退职”可知,此处为动词retire,位于介词after之后,需填动名词作宾语。故填retiring。
38.scholarship
【详解】考查名词。句意:为了获得奖学金,她整个学期都在努力学习。根据汉语提示“奖学金”可知,空处需填名词scholarship作宾语,不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填scholarship。
39.flexible
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这位年轻女子经营着自己的商店,所以她的工作时间相当灵活。根据汉语提示“灵活的”可知,空处需填形容词flexible,作定语。故填flexible。
40.energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他知道我精力充沛,会把事情做好的。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知,形容词energetic符合题意,作表语。故填energetic。
41.striking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他摔倒了,头撞在桌子边上。“击”表达为动词strike,作非谓语动词,与逻辑主语He之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词striking,作状语。故填striking。
42.energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他知道我精力充沛、积极主动,能把事情做好。根据汉语提示“精力充沛的”可知,应填形容词energetic,作表语。故填energetic。
43.whispered
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:她悄悄地把她的秘密告诉了我。根据所给出的汉语提示可知,应是动词“whisper”,在句中作谓语动词,结合语境应用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填whispered。
44.memory
【详解】考查名词。句意:他在回忆中寻找答案。形容词性物主代词his后跟名词,“记忆”的名词是memory,是不可数名词作宾语。故填memory。
45.overlooking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这家旅馆的特色是有一间俯瞰湖面的可爱的餐厅。“俯视”是overlook,句中谓语是features,空格处用非谓语动词,dining-room和overlook之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,故填overlooking。
46.elected
【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意:当他当选总统时,一名记者回到他的家乡采访他的母亲。“选举”是elect,他是被选举为总统,因此句子用被动语态,空格处用过去分词,故填elected。
47.replace
【详解】考查动词。句意:在正式的足球比赛中,每支球队可以有三名球员在必要的时候代替他们的队友。不定式to后接动词原形。“替换”英文为replace,符合句意。故填replace。
48.energetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:第二天,一位精力充沛的年轻老师开始了关于诗歌的演讲,他对古代诗人,尤其是女性诗人有很好的了解。“精力充沛的”表达为形容词energetic,与young一起修饰名词teacher,作定语。故填energetic。
49.passive
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这是错误的一步,整个比赛变得被动起来。根据汉语提示和空前的becomes,空处应用形容词passive,作表语。故填passive。
50.complaining
【详解】考查动词。句意:我们应该思考如何处理问题,而不是抱怨别人的错误。根据句子结构可知,用动词complain表达“抱怨”,作instead of的宾语,应用其动名词形式。故填complaining。
51.decades
【详解】考查名词。句意:我认为这是另一个报答别人数十年前给我的恩惠的机会。根据句意及汉语提示可知,表示“数十年”应为名词decades,与空后的earlier作时间状语。故填decades。
52.retire
【详解】考查动词。句意:许多人退休后到乡下去了,在那里他们可以享受安静和新鲜的空气。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词retire,作谓语,句子陈述目前事实,应用一般现在时,主语为people,谓语用原形。故填retire。
53.income
【详解】考查名词。句意:常州的平均收入虽然仍远低于苏州,但一直在增长。根据汉语提示可知,income收入,收益,在句中作主语,故填income。
54.operation
【详解】考查名词。句意:这位年轻的护士在第一次做手术时非常紧张。根据空格前的数词first可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,结合汉语提示“手术”是operation,为可数名词。故填operation。
55.response
【详解】考查名词。句意:我的建议得到了热烈的响应,这出乎我的意料。根据汉语提示可知,response答复,反应,可数名词,由an可知应用单数形式,在句中作there be句型的主语,故填response。
56.dragging
【详解】考查动词。句意:劳动课使学生们筋疲力尽,学生们拖着他们的身体回家。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词drag,与students是逻辑主谓关系,应用现在副词,作状语。故填dragging。
57.export
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们的主要出口产品是大米。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用名词export,作主语,和后面的谓语is保持一致,应用单数形式。故填export。
58.income
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们的主要收入来源是什么?分析句子,设空处使用名词作宾语,表示“收入”用income。其为不可数名词。故填income。
59.staff
【详解】考查名词。句意:学校的教职员和学生可以在二楼和三楼享受阅读。表示“职员”应用名词staff作主语。staff为集体名词。故填staff。
60.Perceiving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:觉察到他对安排不满意,我试着预订了另一家酒店。根据单词汉语提示“察觉”及句子结构可知空处应填动词perceive的非谓语动词形式,主语I与perceive之间为主动关系,应用现在分词表示主动,作原因状语,空处位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Perceiving。
61.More roads will be built and the underground will be added, reducing heavy traffic.
【详解】考查谓语动词和非谓语动词。例句黑体部分是现在分词形式作结果状语。根据句意,此处描述的是将来的事情,所以应使用一般将来时;表示“将修建更多的道路和地铁”为句子主干,可拆解为“将修建更多的道路和添加地铁”,表示“更多的道路”应为more roads作主语,位于句首,more的首字母需大写,表示“建设”应为build为谓语,且表将来,两者之间为被动关系,所以译为more roads will be built;表示“地铁”应为the underground,表示“添加”应为add,表示将来,且两者之间为被动关系,所以译为the underground will be added,两者为并列关系,需用并列连词and连接,所以主句译为More roads will be built and the underground will be added;表示“减少交通拥挤”应为reduce heavy traffic,分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作状语,reduce后内容是前句产生的自然而然的结果,应使用现在分词形式作结果状语,所以译为reducing heavy traffic。故翻译为More roads will be built and the underground will be added, reducing heavy traffic.
62.Using ink on silk, Zhang Zeduan creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people, and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective.
【详解】考查时态,非谓语动词和短语。根据句意可知,用一般现在时,“施墨于绢”译为use ink on silk,作状语,与主语Zhang Zeduan是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式,“落笔之处,风景、建筑、人物,无不逼真传神”可理解为“创造风景,建筑物和人物的逼真图像”,译为creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people,“展现出对透视法的精通”译为 displays a remarkable mastery of perspective,前后文是并列关系,用and连接,注意主谓一致,故答案为Using ink on silk, Zhang Zeduan creates realistic images of scenery, buildings and people, and displays a remarkable mastery of perspective.
63.A mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving our feelings of homesickness.
【详解】考查名词短语,动词短语,非谓语和定语从句。根据汉语句子分析可知,“一口治愈系食物”为句子主语,用名词短语“a mouthful of comfort food”表达;“带我们回到”用动词短语“take us back to…”表达,其中“take”为谓语动词,结合语境用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,动词用单数形式“takes”;“自己文化的根”用名词短语“our cultural roots”表达,作“to”的宾语。因此该部分翻译为“a mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots”。“带来我们渴望的‘家的味道’”和“让我们一解怀乡之情”为并列的非谓语作伴随状语,其中“带来”用动词“give”表达,动词与逻辑主语之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式“giving”;“我们”用“us”表达;“‘家的味道’”用名词短语“the ‘taste of home’”表达;“我们渴望的(‘家的味道’)”为定语从句,其中“我们”用“we”表达,“渴望”用动词短语“cry out for”表达,“the ‘taste of home’”为先行词,先行词在从句中作宾语,关系词可用that,引导从句,即“that we cry out for”,该部分翻译为“giving us the ‘taste of home’ that we cry out for”。“让我们一解怀乡之情”可以理解为“缓解我们的思乡之情”,“缓解”用动词“relieve”表达,与“giving”并列,用现在分词形式“relieving”;“我们的思乡之情”用名词短语“our feelings of homesickness”表达,因此翻译为“relieving our feelings of homesickness”,用“and”与之前连接。故翻译为:A mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving our feelings of homesickness.
64.The safety instructions are very worth reading, because they help prevent accidents from happening.
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词和状语从句。句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时。“安全指南”可表示为safety instructions;“值得”可表示为worth,sth. be worth doing为固定用法,动名词作宾语,且常用主动形式表示被动含义,意为“某事值得做”;“因为”可表示为because,引导原因状语从句;“预防”可表示为prevent,prevent sth. from doing sth.意为“预防某事作某事”,动名词作宾语;“发生”可表示为happen。故翻译为The safety instructions are very worth reading, because they help prevent accidents from happening.
65.They presented/donated a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
【详解】考查动词时态和固定短语。表示“他们”应用they;表示“向……捐赠”应用present/donate...to...;表示“一笔款项”应用a sum of money;表示“那所大学”应用the college;表示“纪念”应用in memory of;表示“他们的儿子”应用their son;此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故翻译成:They presented/donated a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
66.As a pioneer in the field of agriculture, Yuan Longping chose to take a less traveled road, sparing no effort to solve the problem of food shortages and save people from hunger.
【详解】考查时态、短语和非谓语动词。“袁隆平选择走了一条人迹罕至的道路”处理为句子主干部分,谓语“选择”用choose表达,陈述过去的事情,用一般过去时,“选择做某事”为choose to do sth.,“走一条人迹罕至的路”用take a less traveled road,traveled为过去分词作定语;“作为农业领域的先锋人物”为介词短语作状语,可表达为as a pioneer in the field of agriculture;“不遗余力解决粮食短缺问题,把人们从饥饿中解救出来”处理为分词作状语,“不遗余力做某事”表达为spare no effort to do sth.,spare和逻辑主语“袁隆平”之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语;“解决粮食短缺问题”表达为solve the problem of food shortages,“把人们从饥饿中解救出来”表达为 save people from hunger,这两个短语为并列的不定式。结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:As a pioneer in the field of agriculture, Yuan Longping chose to take a less traveled road, sparing no effort to solve the problem of food shortages and save people from hunger.
67.To the surprise of employers, flexible working appeals to college graduates more than salary in the job search process.
【详解】考查时态和短语。句子陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;“令某人吃惊的是”表达为to the surprise of sb.,主语“弹性工作制”表达为flexible working,谓语“对某人有吸引力”表达为appeal to sb.,主语不可数,谓语动词用单数形式,“对某人更有吸引力”表达为appeal to sb. more,宾语“大学毕业生”表达为college graduates,此处用复数形式表泛指;由介词than引出比较对象salary“工资”,状语“在求职过程中”表达为in the job search process。结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为To the surprise of employers, flexible working appeals to college graduates more than salary in the job search process.
68.They found her walking alone and depressed on the beach.
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,主语用They,“他们碰见”为过去的事,故句子谓语用find的过去式found,用代词宾格her作found的宾语。find sb. doing sth.(发现某人正做某事)为固定短语,故本题用现在分词walking作宾补,且用副词alone作状语修饰动词walking;形容词depressed(忧郁的)也是宾补,故用并列连词and连接walking alone和depressed,最后用on the beach作地点状语。故句子翻译为They found her walking alone and depressed on the beach.。
69.She found a wallet lying on the ground.
【详解】考查时态和现在分词。事情已发生,谓语动词find (发现)时态用一般过去时,用“find+宾语+宾补”的复合结构,宾语a wallet (一个钱包)和非谓语动词lie (躺)是主动关系,lie用现在分词作宾补,on the ground (在地上),故翻译为:She found a wallet lying on the ground.
70.Seeing a snake, the girl let out a scream.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意,该句描述的是过去的事情,所以应使用一般过去时态,表示“女孩”应为the girl作主语;根据提示,表示“发出一声尖叫”应为let out a scream,且该句使用一般过去时态,与句子主语为主动关系,所以应译为let out a scream,所以,表示“这个女孩发出一声尖叫”应译为the girl let out a scream;表示“看见一条蛇”应为see a snake,分析句子可知,此处应为非谓语动词作状语,see与逻辑主语the girl之间为主动关系,所以应使用现在分词形式,所以应译为seeing a snake,位于句首,所以seeing的首字母需大写。故翻译为Seeing a snake, the girl let out a scream.
71.One advantage of playing the guitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:众所周知的故事是,这位美国开国元勋和科学家在1752年的一场风暴中放了一只风筝。分析划线句子结构,划线部分为表语从句,且句子结构为主谓宾结构,连接词在表语从句中不做成分,使用that连接。分析仿写句子结构,“它能给你带来很多快乐”为主谓宾结构,在主句中做表语,构成表语从句,因连接词在表语从句中不做成分,使用that连接。表示“好处”含义的词为:advantage;表示“弹吉他”含义的词为:play the guitar;表示“能”含义的情态动词为:can;表示“给”含义的动词为:give;表示“很多”含义的短语为:a great deal of;表示“快乐”含义的词为:pleasure,因句子表达的是一个客观情况,谓语动词使用一般现在时,故仿写翻译为:One advantage of playing the guitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
72.When we are fond of someone, we tend to be tolerant of his or her mistakes.
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。“当我们喜欢一个人的时候”译为when引导的时间状语从句,“喜欢”使用固定短语be fond of,“往往会”使用动词短语tend to do sth,“容忍”使用固定短语be tolerant of,“错误”使用名词复数mistakes,句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:When we are fond of someone, we tend to be tolerant of his or her mistakes.。
73.Seeing all the people applauding me, I felt very excited.
【详解】考查现在分词和时态。“看到所有人为我鼓掌”可用非谓语形式表达,非谓语动词see和逻辑主语I是主动关系,see用现在分词作状语,see sb. doing sth. (看见某人正在做某事),applaud (鼓掌),句子描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时,谓语动词feel用过去式,修饰人的形容词excited(激动的)作表语。再结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:Seeing all the people applauding me, I felt very excited.
74.The non-profit institution is an important part of our society, providing services for those in need and (thus) helping them restore confidence in life.
【详解】考查非谓语动词,名词和固定短语。分析句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,“非盈利机构”是the non-profit institution,此处用单数表泛指,其后用is,“我们社会”是our society,“……的重要组成部分”是an important part of,“为有需要的人提供服务,帮助他们重拾生活的信心”用现在分词作状语,“为某人提供某物”是provide sth. for sb.,“服务”是service,要用复数,“有需要的人”是those in need,“帮助某人做某事”是help sb. do sth.,“重拾生活的信心”是restore confidence in life,动词provide和help与逻辑主语The non-profit institution是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语,翻译为“providing services for those in need and (thus) helping them restore confidence in life”。故答案为The non-profit institution is an important part of our society, providing services for those in need and (thus) helping them restore confidence in life.
75.As far as I know, when making a speech in the presence of /in front of a large audience, the more nervous you are/feel, the less confident you will be.
【详解】考查比较级句型。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用比较级句型;“据我所知”陈述目前的事实,应用一般现在时,译为as far as I know,“面对许多观众演讲时”可使用“when+非谓语动词”作状语,“面对许多观众演讲”的逻辑主语是“你”,之间是逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,译为when making a speech in the presence of/in front of a large audience,“你越紧张”译为the more nervous you are/feel,“对自己就越没信心”使用将来时,译为the less confident you will be。故翻译为As far as I know, when making a speech in the presence of /in front of a large audience, the more nervous you are/feel, the less confident you will be.
76.After a long day, Zhang Tian got back to his small room, feeling tired.
【详解】考查非谓语动词与固定短语。表示“漫长的一天之后”短语为after a long day;主语为Zhang Tian;表示“回到自己的小房间”翻译为get back to his small room;此处用现在分词短语feeling tired,作状语。描述过去发生的事情,为一般过去时。故翻译为After a long day, Zhang Tian got back to his small room, feeling tired.
77.The boys gathering at the school gate are my classmates.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。表示“那些男孩”应用名词The boys,在句子作主语;表示“在校门口”短语为at the school gate,作地点状语;表示“聚集”为现在分词作后置定语,修饰前面名词boys,表主动关系,gathering为非谓语动词。表示“同学”用名词classmates,作表语。故翻译为The boys gathering at the school gate are my classmates.
78.The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system, pioneering the local ecotourism/becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism.
【详解】考查动词和非谓语动词。根据句意,该句讲述的是现在的客观事实,所以全句使用一般现在时态;表示“这家酒店”为the hotel作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写;表示“不但……而且……”应为not only…but also…连接两个并列谓语结构,表示“避免使用”应为第一个谓语,因句子主语是第三人称单数,且表示主动意义,所以使用avoids using,表示“一次性塑料产品”作宾语,应为single-use plastic或者是disposable plastics;表示“采用了”应为第二个谓语,与第一个谓语一样,使用动词三单形式,应为adopts,表示“节能照明系统”应为an energy -efficient lighting system作宾语,所以主句句子主干翻译为The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system;分析句子结构,表示“开创了当地生态旅游的先河”作状语,表示“开创”应为pioneer,与句子主干为主动关系,所以应使用现在分词形式作状语,表示“当地旅游业”应为the local ecotourism,所以状语部分为pioneering the local ecotourism;此外,表示“开创了当地生态旅游的先河”也可以理解为“成为当地旅游业的先河”,其中表示“成为”应为become,且与逻辑主语为主动关系,所以使用becoming,表示“当地旅游业的先河”为a pioneer in the local ecotourism,所以状语部分也可以翻译为becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism。故翻译为The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system, pioneering the local ecotourism/becoming a pioneer in the local ecotourism.
79.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“看到”应用see,且与she构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语;表示“家里没人”翻译为nobody at home;主语为she;表示“决定做某事”短语为decide to do sth.;表示“给他们留个便条”短语为leave them a note。为一般过去时。故翻译为Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
80.Looking through the newspaper, I’m shocked by photos showing the destruction of the hurricane.
【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词、动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知,该句可为非谓语动词状语,动词短语look through“浏览”和逻辑主语I为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式;表示“被……所震惊”应为动词短语be shocked by;表示“照片”为名词photos,后接非谓语动词作后置定语修饰photos,photos和动词show“展示”为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式;表示“飓风破坏情况”应为名词短语the destruction of the hurricane。故翻译为Looking through the newspaper, I’m shocked by photos showing the destruction of the hurricane。
81.Hearing the news, all the people focus their attention on him.
【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词、动词和短语。分析式结构可知,表示“听到这条消息”可用非谓语动词中的现在分词短语hearing the news做状语表主动关系,且位于句首的单词首字母要大写;再根据句意,本句时态可用一般现在时,表示“所有人”可用短语all the people作主语;表示“注意力”可用名词attention,表示“集中于”可用短语focus...on...;表示“他”可用宾格him。故答案为Hearing the news, all the people focus their attention on him。
82.The school’s sharpest minds are arguing about the topic in the classroom.
【详解】考查基本句型。根据句意及题目要求可知,此处使用“主-动-宾-状”句型,句子陈述现在正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时,“学校里思维最敏锐的学生们”译为the school’s sharpest minds,作主语,“正在争论”译为are arguing about,作谓语动词,“这一话题”译为the topic,作宾语,“在教室里”译为in the classroom,作地点状语。故翻译为The school’s sharpest minds are arguing about the topic in the classroom.
83.She had an appointment with the science fiction writer in the cafe.
【详解】考查名词,动词,代词,介词,短语和时态。表示“她”应用代词she;表示“那个科幻小说作家”应用名词短语the science fiction writer;表示“在咖啡馆”应用介词短语in the cafe;表示“和…约好见面”应用动词短语have an appointment with;这句话描述的是过去的事情,谓语用一般过去时。故翻译为She had an appointment with the science fiction writer in the cafe.
84.More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词和时态语态。表示“更多的公路”短语为more highways,表示“修建”应用build,与主语构成被动关系,且表示动作已经完成,应用现在完成时的被动语态;表示“使人们从一个地方去另一个地方旅行更加容易了”应用make it adj. for sth. to do sth.,此处用现在分词短语作结果状语making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another;故翻译为More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
85.I have been thinking about the future lately, wondering how I can achieve my goal.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。“最近”使用副词lately,“思考”使用动词短语think about,“未来”使用不可数名词future,结合句意可知,此处表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去,应用现在完成进行时,译为I have been thinking about the future lately,“想”使用动词wonder,“怎样才能实现自己的目标”译为一个宾语从句how I can achieve my goal,作wonder的宾语,wonder和逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故翻译为:I have been thinking about the future lately, wondering how I can achieve my goal.
86.With the summer holidays approaching, it seems that everybody is busy making holiday plans.
【详解】考查with复合结构、短语和时态。根据提示,表示“随着暑假的临近”使用with复合结构,approach与summer holidays之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词形式作宾补,即with the summer holidays approaching;表示“似乎……”可以使用句型it seems that…;表示“每个人都在忙着做假期计划”可以使用短语be busy doing sth.,本句使用一般现在时,主谓保持一致,即everybody is busy making holiday plans。故译为With the summer holidays approaching, it seems that everybody is busy making holiday plans.
87.With the world becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important.
【详解】考查with的复合结构。“世界”表达为the world;“变成地球村”表达为become a global village;“英语”表达为English;“变得”表达为get;“越来越重要”表达为more and more important。根据句意可知,“随着世界变成地球村”可用with的符合结构,宾语the world与become之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词,表达为with the world becoming a global village;主句“英语变得越来越重要”陈述的是现在发生的动作,故可用正在进行时,表达为English is getting more and more important,故翻译为:With the world becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important。
88.Not understanding English, he didn’t know what they wanted.
【详解】考查现在分词作状语。“不懂”表达为not understand;“英语”表达为English;“他”表达为he;“不知道”表达为not know;“他们想要什么”可用what引导宾语从句,表达为what they want。根据提示可知,“由于他不懂英语”可用现在分词作状语,主语he与know之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语,表达为Not understanding English;主句“他不知道他们想要什么”陈述过去发生的事情,故应用一般现在时,故表达为he didn’t know what they wanted。故翻译为:Not understanding English, he didn’t know what they wanted。
89.When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV.
【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。表示“当……时候”应用when引导时间状语从句,表示“我们”应用we;表示“在球场上比赛”应用play on the court,此处表示过去正在进行的动作,使用过去进行时,此处使用否定形式were't playing on the court;表示“大楼旁边的”应用which was next to our building,which引导定语从句,修饰先行词court,在从句中作主语;表示“看比赛”应用watch a game,此处使用过去进行时;表示“在电视上”应用on TV。故翻译成:When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV.
90.He spent much time in New York trying out for various parts.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分子句子结构,这是一个含有非谓语动词作状语的复合句。表示“花费时间做某事”含义的动词短语为:spend time in doing;表示“纽约”含义的词为:New York;表示“试演”含义的动词短语为:try out for...;表示“各种不同的角色”含义的词为:various parts,分析句子结构,动词短语try out for...在句子中作宾语,应使用动名词,故翻译为:He spent much time in New York trying out for various parts。