必修一Unit4 Looking good feeling good+夯基-2024届新高考英语一轮复习教材为本夯基提能（译林版2020）
全部单词过一遍
序号 原词 词性、词意
1 skip vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2 yogurt n.酸奶
3 *faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
4 immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
5 concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
6 sex n.性别
7 extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)
8 slim vi.变苗条，减肥 adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的
9 per cent n.百分之……
10 concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
11 effect n.效果，作用；影响
12 prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt.证明，证实
13 slightly adv.稍微，略微
14 diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
15 nutrition n.营养
16 function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能
17 energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
18 effective adj.有效的；生效的
19 frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
20 within prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在…里
21 rather adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
22 aspect n.方面，层面
23 pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
24 contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加
25 memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
26 attack n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
27 amount n.数量
28 schedule n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表
29 negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
30 plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的 n.塑料
31 surgery n.外科手术
32 campus n(. 大学、学院的)校园，校区
33 treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理
34 guy n.小伙子，家伙
35 addition n.增加，添加；加法
36 saying n.格言，谚语，警句
37 jeans n.牛仔裤
38 male adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性
39 female adj.女性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性
40 beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
41 fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
42 shadow n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处
43 digital adj.数码的，数字的
44 series n.(pl. series) 一系列，连续
45 external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
46 strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力
47 talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
48 piano n.钢琴
49 content n.内容；目录
50 individuality n.个性，个人特征
51 achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
52 app n.应用程序，应用软件(application的缩写)
部分单词变一变
1.immediately adv.立即，马上conj.一……就
→immediate adj.立即的，马上
2.concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
→concentration n.集中；专心
3.extreme adj.极端的；严重的n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)
→extremely adv.极其, 非常
→extremist n.极端主义者
4.concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
→concerning prep.关于，涉及
→concern v. / n.涉及，关心
5.effect n.效果，作用；影响
→effective adj.有效的；生效的
→effectively adv.有效地，生效地
→effectiveness n.效力，有效性
6.prove linking v.后来被发现是vt.证明，证实
→proof n.证据，校样，验证
7.slightly adv.稍微，略微
→slight adj.轻微的，细小的
8.nutrition n.营养
→nutritional adj.营养的(有关营养营养学方面的知识)
→nutritious adj.有营养的(特指事物或食物的用途，给人带来营养)
→nutrient n.营养物
9.function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转n.作用，功能，职能
→functional adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的
→functionally adv.功能上，功能性地
10.energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
→energy n.能量，精力
→energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地
→energy-saving节约能源的
11.frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
→fright n.惊恐；恐吓
→frighten vt.使惊恐, 吓唬
→frighting adj.害怕的，受惊的
12.pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
→press v.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推
13.contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加
→contribution n.贡献
→contributor n.贡献者，投稿人
14.memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
→memorize v.记忆
→memorable adj.值得纪念的
→memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的 n.纪念牌
15.attack n.发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
→attacker n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者
16.treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理
→treat v.治疗，处理，对待
17.negative adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
→negatively adv.负面地，消极地，否定地
18.addition n.增加，添加；加法
→additional adj.添加的，额外的
→additionally adv.此外，另外
→add vt.添加，增加
19.male adj.男性的；雄性的n.男性，雄性
→female adj.女性的；雌性的n.女性，雌性
20.beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
→beautiful adj.美丽的；漂亮的
→beautifully adv.美丽地
→beautify v.美化
21.fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
→fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的
22.strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力
→strong adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的
→strengthen v.加强，巩固
23.talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
→talented adj.有天赋的，聪明的
24.piano n.钢琴
→pianist n.钢琴家，钢琴演奏者
25.individuality n.个性，个人特征
→individual adj. /n.个人的；个人
→individually adv.个别地单独地单个地
26.achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
→achieve v.达到，取得
→achievable adj.可达成/到的，可实现的
26.app n.应用程序，应用软件(application的缩写)
→applicant n.申请人
→appliance n.工具，器械
→apply v.申请、应/运用
重要短语览一览
1.contribute to促成，造成
拓展：contribute sth.to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to还有的意思：有助于，导致，投稿
make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献
2.end up最终成为，最终处于
拓展：end up with...以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
反义短语：begin/start with
end up in...以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)
end up as...最终成为……(后接表职位或身份的名词)
3.fight a losing battle打一场无望取胜的仗
4.focus on专注，关注，聚焦于
5.get into shape强身健体
6.go off爆炸，响起，离开，消失
7.guard against防范，防止，提防
8.hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
拓展：hang on稍等，别挂断(电话)，坚持下去，紧紧抓住
hang out挂出；闲逛
hang around闲荡；徘徊；逗留
hang together相配合，互相支持，团结一致
hang up挂断电话，挂起
9.have a negative effect on对……产生/有负面影响
拓展：come into effect生效，开始实施
take effect见效，开始起作用
put/bring...into effect实施……，使……生效
in effect实际上，事实上
10.have a big influence on对……产生/有很大影响
11.keep ... in mind把……记住
12.keep regular hours作息有规律
13.live up to达到，符合，不辜负
14.make a full recovery=recover fully完全康复
15.show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
拓展：show in领……进来
show out领……离开，送出
show up揭发，暴露，出现
show around带领……参观……
16.pass out昏迷，失去知觉
拓展：pass by经过
pass away去世(委婉说法)
pass down把……传给后人(常用于被动语态)
pass sth.on(to sb.)转交，(用后)传给
pass on传递
17.slim down变苗条，减肥
18.take in摄入，吸收，领会，欺骗
拓展：take sb.in收留某人
be taken in被骗，上当
take apart拆开，拆卸
take back收回；退回
take down拿下；记下
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take over接管，接任
take up拿起；占据；开始从事
take off脱下；起飞；休假)
19.take one’s mind off sth.忘掉某事，不再思考/丢开不再想某事
20.take pride in为……自豪，为……骄傲(与be proud of同义)
21.turn to求助于，翻到，查阅
warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb. not to do sth.告诫某人不要做某事
22.side effect副作用
23.from now on从现在开始，从今往后，今后
24.in addition此外
25.in the short/long term=in the short/long run从短期/长期看
26.out of danger脱离了危险
27.out of reach遥不可及，超出……范围，够不着/到，达不到
28.what’s more更为重要的是，更有甚者
核心词汇讲一讲
核心词汇-1.skip
【教材原句】Teen faints after skipping meals(P44)
【考点归纳】
①skip vt.不做(本来常做或应做的事)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳的走；略过
②相关短语
skip breakfast不吃早饭
skip school/class逃学/逃课
skip a grade/a page跳级/跳过(漏掉)一页
skip over the fence/details跳过栅栏/略过细节
skip over the last part of the book略过书中的最后一部分
skip along behind sb.蹦蹦跳跳地跟着某人
skip it!不提了！
【语境运用】
完成下列句子
①尽管我们早晨吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响，许多学生仍然会因为各种原因不吃早餐。
Although what we eat for breakfast ________________ our health, many students _________________
【答案】has a great effect/influence on, skip breakfast for various/different reasons.
②吉姆建议我们跳过细节，直奔主题。
Jim suggested we __________________and get to the point.
【答案】(should)skip over the details
③我一页不漏地读完了全书。
I read the whole book __________________.
【答案】without skipping a page
④“你刚才说什么来着？”“噢，不提了！”
—What were you saying
—______________!
【答案】Oh, skip it
⑤这就像你的老师说你表现很好，允许你跳级，但你必须离开你的朋友。
This is like your teacher telling you that you’ve done well and _____________________, but you’ll have
to leave your friends.
【答案】allowing you to skip a grade
⑥不要逃学/逃课，否则你会错过很多东西。
___________________, or you will be missing out on stuff.
【答案】Don’t skip school/class
⑦他们看到那个男人还有一个小女孩蹦蹦跳跳跟着他。
They saw the man with a little girl ________________________.
【答案】skipping along behind him
核心词汇-2. concentrate
【教材原句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
→concentration n.集中；专心
②相关短语
concentrate on/concentrate one’s attention on集中精力于……
“集中精力于/注意力于/致力于……”的表达法：
apply oneself/one’s mind to be absorbed in
bring sth. into focus center on
devote oneself to/be devoted to focus on
fix/center one’s mind/attention on pay attention to
put one’s heart into
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Neal kept interrupting, breaking my ________(concentrate).
【答案】concentration
【解析】由空前my物主代词可知，此处为名词形式作宾语，concentration“注意力”，为不可数名词。句意：尼尔不停地打断我，打断了我的注意力。
②All their thoughts were _________ on themselves.
【答案】concentrated
【解析】“concentrate one’s thoughts on ...把思想集中到……”被动语态形式。句意：他们所有的思
想都集中在自己身上。
填上恰当的词
③Nothing is difficult if you _________ your heart into it.
【答案】put
【解析】put one’s heart into全身心投入。句意：只要你全身心投入，就没有什么是困难的。
④With her attention _________ on the book, the girl sat there quietly.
【答案】fixed
【解析】fix和her attention为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动。句意：那个女孩全神
贯注地看书，静静地坐在那里。
⑤Bored, Tom couldn’t concentrate _________ what his mother was saying.
【答案】on
【解析】concentrate on集中精力于。句意：无聊的汤姆无法集中注意力听他妈妈在说什么。
⑥The writer was so _________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room.
【答案】absorbed
【解析】be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于。句意：那位作家全神贯注地工作，没有注意到他走
进了房间。
⑦If you _________ yourself to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it.
【答案】apply
【解析】apply oneself/one’s mind to将注意力集中于/专心于。句意：如果你专心于手头的工作，你
很快就会完成的。
核心词汇-3.effect
【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
effect n.效果，作用；影响
→effective adj.有效的；生效的
→effectively adv.有效地，生效地
→effectiveness n.效力，有效性
②相关短语
in effect实际上，有效
be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用
bring/carry/put...into effect实行，实施，使生效，实现
come into effect开始生效，开始实施
have no/little/a good(great/bad)effect on/upon对……没有/几乎没有/有好(很大/坏)的影响
take/have effect见效，生效，开始发生作用，实施，实行
have a side effect on ...对……有副作用
注意：affect通常作及物动词，有“影响，感/打动，感染”等意思→(作“感/打动”的意思时，其名词形式)affection n.喜爱，钟爱
be affected with high fever发高烧
be affected by...受到……的影响/感染(be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉)
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Keeping a diary in English is an ________ (effect) way to improve our English writing abilities.
【答案】effective
【解析】此处应用形容词effective来作定语，修饰名词way。句意：用英语写日记是提高我们英语写作能力的有效方法。
②Foreign leaders were wondering how it was that the Chinese government could contain the spread of the virus so quickly and _________.
【答案】effectively
【解析】修饰动词用副词形式，故填effectively。句意：外国领导人想知道，中国政府是如何能够如此迅速有效地遏制病毒的传播的。
③Every mother has _________ for her children.
【答案】affection
【解析】have affection for深爱着，对……衷爱。句意：每个母亲都爱她的孩子。
④Essential soil properties are negatively ________, and water quality is degraded by contamination.
【答案】affected
【解析】此处为被动语态be affected受到……的影响，用动词affected。句意：土壤基本性质受到负面影响，水质因污染而退化。
⑤The drug did not _________ his health; in fact it seemed to have no/to be of no_________ at all.
【答案】affect, effect
【解析】affect“影响”，是动词；effect“影响”是名词，have no effect on对……没有影响；be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用。句意：这种药对他的健康没有影响；事实上，它似乎根本没有任何效果。
完成下列句子
⑥影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。
__________ a policy is to ___________________ it.
【答案】To affect, have an effect on
⑦The new law ______________ ; surely it __________ industry of the country.
【答案】has come into effect, will affect
⑧他向受到影响的人们道歉。
He apologized to the people ________________.
【答案】who had been affected
⑨失眠有时是某些药物的副作用。
Sleeplessness is sometimes the ________________.
【答案】side effect of certain medicine
⑩全国的计算机系统都感染了一系列诡异的程序，即病毒。
Computer systems throughout the country are ____________________, known as viruses
【答案】being affected by a series of mysterious programs
实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。
________________, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy.
【答案】In effect/In fact/As a matter of fact
为了确保乘客的安全，改善交通条件，一项新的法律自2021年1月1日起已经生效。
To ensure the safety of the passengers and improve the traffic conditions, a new law _____________
since January 1st, 2021.
【答案】has come into effect/has been brought/carried/put into effect/has taken effect/has had effect
核心词汇-4.prove
【教材原句】These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实(proved, proved/proven)
→proof n.证据，校样，验证
注意：当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……(=turn out)”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。
②相关搭配和句型
prove sth. to sb./prove to sb.+ that(从句)向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ...证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj.原来是，证明是
It is proved that ...据证明……，据证实……
There’s(no)proof that ...(没)有证据证明
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①The medicine ________ (prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain over these years.
【答案】has proved
【解析】由over these years时间状语可知，此处动词为现在完成时，结合主语The medicine为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式，故填has proved。句意：这些年来，这种药物已被证明对退烧和帮助止痛至关重要。
②I will continue to believe it until I get proof contrary to.
【答案】proof
【解析】用名词proof作get的宾语。句意：我会一直相信直到我得到相反的证据。
完成下列句子
③有时，你所做的选择被证明是错误的。
Sometimes, the choices you have made _________________.
【答案】prove/turn out(to be)wrong
④事实证明，父母的言行对孩子有很深的影响。
_______________________ parents’ words and behaviors ____________________ their children.
【答案】It is proved that, have a deep effect/influence on
⑤律师告诉媒体，没有证据表明他是无辜的。
The lawyer told the press that ___________________________ he was innocent.
【答案】there was no proof that
⑥我可以用实实在在的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。
I could ________________________ nothing ever changes __________________.
【答案】prove to my friends that, with solid proof
⑦困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
The difficulty was how he could _____________________________.
【答案】prove his ideas to other scientists
⑧这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。
The boy tried to ____________________________ and he really proved best.
【答案】prove himself to be a good student
核心词汇5-energetic
【教材原句】What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
→energy n.能量，精力
→energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地
→energy-saving adj.节约能源的
②相关搭配
full of energy精力充沛的
solar energy太阳能
energy crisis能源危机
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Study is a tough job that needs a large amount of ________, time and work.
【答案】energy
【解析】a large amount of修饰名词，故填energy。句意：学习是一项困难的工作，需要大量精力，时间和努力。珍妮·古道尔把全部精力都投入到工作中。
②The traveler goes _________ in search of people, adventure and experience, while the tourist is passive and expects interesting things to happen to him. He goes sightseeing.
【答案】energetically
【解析】修饰动词goes用副词energetically。句意：真正旅行的人精力充沛地四处旅行，寻找不同的人、风险和经历。而外出游乐的人很被动，他们期待着有趣的事情发生，他只是观光的人。
③To fight against global warming, scientists are working on _________ measures to reduce fuel
consumption.
【答案】energy-saving
【解析】energy-saving 节约能源的，用来修饰名词。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。
完成下列句子
④我父亲是一个精力充沛的人。
My father is ________________.
【答案】an energetic man/a man full of energy
⑤面对越来越严重的能源危机，许多国家呼吁他们的公民充分利用太阳能。
Faced with _____________________, many countries call on their citizens to ____________________.
【答案】more and more serious energy crisis, make full use of the solar energy
⑥此外，充足的睡眠能使我们经历充沛，也使我们在考试中表现良好。
Besides,enough sleep ________________ and enable us to perform well in an exam.
【答案】can make us energetic
核心词汇-6.function
【考点归纳】She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. (P45)
①词性/形变化
function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能
→functional adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的
→functionally adv.功能上，功能性地
②相关短语
function as起……作用，具有……功能
perform/fulfill a…function履行……职责，发挥……作用/功能
perform a variety of functions履行多种/各种职责/职能
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①It satisfies the user's requirements both _________ and emotionally.
【答案】functionally
【解析】与emotionally并列用副词functionally。句意：它同时满足了用户在功能和情感上的需求。
②The office is large and _________ rather than welcoming.
【答案】functional
【解析】与large并列，用形容词functional。句意：这个办公室大而实用，但不怎么宜人。
③My cellphone has many _________, but I usually use it to call and send messages．
【答案】functions
【解析】受many修饰用名词的复数形式functions。句意：我的手机有很多功能，但是我通常用它来打电话和发短信。
④It is obvious that you are unable _________ well in work without a good state of mind.
【答案】to function
【解析】be unable to do sth.故填to function。句意：很明显，没有一个好的心理状态，你是无法在工作中好好表现的。
完成下列句子
⑤The library _____________________________ now to save people injured in the earthquake.
【答案】is functioning as a temporary hospital
⑥在你的新工作中，你将履行各种职能。
In your new job you will ______________________________.
【答案】perform a variety of functions
⑦他们要雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。
They’ll hire you because you solve a problem or _______________________.
【答案】perform/fulfill a desperately needed function
核心词汇-7. pressure
【教材原句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.(P48)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
→press v.催促，逼迫，按，压，挤，推
②相关短语
be/come under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力
cope with/deal with/handle the pressure应对压力
give in to pressure屈服于压力
put sb. under pressure置某人于压力之下
put pressure on/upon ...给……施加压力
relieve/ease/reduce the pressure缓解/减轻压力
under pressure(from...)承受着(来自……的)压力
under the pressure of在……的压力下
pressure of work工作压力
high blood pressure高血压
【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词
①In the face of great ________ , I think,we should adopt an optimistic attitude.
【答案】pressure
【解析】形容词great修饰名词pressure。句意：面对巨大压力，我认为我们应该采取一种乐观的态度。
②They are pressing us to make an immediate decision.
【答案】pressed
【解析】press sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事。句意：他们正催促我们立即作出决定。
③The juice of the grapes is ________ out.
【答案】pressed
【解析】be pressed out被压出来。句意：葡萄汁是压出来的。
完成下列句子
④我知道学习很重要，但我父母给了我巨大的压力。
I know studying is very important, but my parents __________________________.
【答案】put too great pressure on/upon me
⑤为了缓解学习带来的压力，上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。
In order to _____________________________________, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend.
【答案】relieve/ease/reduce the pressure resulting from our study
⑥如今很多年轻人压力很大，经常熬夜。
Nowadays many young people ___________________ and often stay up.
【答案】are under great pressure
⑦我父亲患有高血压。
My father ___________________.
【答案】suffers from high blood pressure
⑧如果你不能应对压力，其他人就会超过你!
If you can’t _________________________, people are going to walk all over you!
【答案】handle/cope with/deal with the pressure
⑨她的健康在工作压力下崩溃了。
Her health broke down ________________________ .
【答案】under the pressure of work
核心词汇-8. attack
【教材原句】..., being overweight and suffering a heart attack.(P48)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
attack n.发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
→attacker n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者
②相关短语
attack sb. with sth.用某物攻击/袭击某人
attack sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责难/抨击某人
be attacked with...(患)病，得(病)
get attacked受到攻击
make an attack on/upon/against攻击，袭击，抨击，向……进攻
under attack遭到……的攻击/抨击
have/suffer a heart attack心脏病发作
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①How will they react when the ________ get ________
【答案】attackers, attacked
【解析】attackers攻击者；get attacked受到攻击。句意：当攻击者受到攻击时，他们将如何反应
②________ by terrorists, the tall building collapsed.
【答案】Having been attacked
【解析】空处应填非谓语动词的形式，由句意知attack的动作发生在谓语动词collapsed之前且主语the tall building 与attack之间为被动关系，应用现在分词完成式的被动形式，作原因状语，故填Having been attacked。句意：由于受到恐怖分子的袭击，这座高楼倒塌了。
完成下列句子
③昨天一个小偷在街上袭击了一位妇女。(用动词短语)
A thief _______________________ a woman in the street yesterday.
【答案】made an attack on/upon/against
④当多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。
When a leafy plant ____________, it doesn’t sit quietly.(用介词短语)
【答案】is under attack
⑤一些顽皮的孩子经常在路上用石头袭击路人。
Some naughty children often ____________________ on the road.
【答案】attack the passers-by with stones
⑥他们发现，那些吃鱼数量最多的女性，心脏病发作的几率最低。
They found that the women who ate the most fish were least likely to ________________.
【答案】have/suffer a heart attack
⑦他抨击美国政府在去年夏天次贷危机爆发后仍反对更严格的监管。
He __________________ opposing stricter regulations even after the subprime crisis had broken out last summer.
【答案】attacked the US government for
⑧随着冬天的临近，人们很可能会感染流感。
With the winter approaching, people _______________________ influenza.
【答案】are likely to be attacked with
核心词汇-9.addition
【教材原句】In addition, Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expression.(P50)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
addition n.增加，添加；加法
→additional adj.添加的，额外的
→additionally adv.此外，另外
→add vt.添加，增加
②相关短语
in addition此外
in addition to除……之外
add ... up/add up ...把……加起来
add ... to ...把……加到/进……里
add to增加，增添
add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add/adding that...补充说……
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Ann will be a very useful ________ to our team.
【答案】addition
【解析】根据空格前a very useful可知，此处应用名词addition的单数形式。句意：Ann对我们的团队来说是一个非常有用的补充。
②The charge for the delivery is ________.
【答案】additional
【解析】additional添加的，额外的。句意：快递费用是另加的。
③________, being a volunteer is another thing I want to do, from which I can benefit a lot.
【答案】additionally
【解析】修饰整个句子，用副词additionally。句意：此外，成为一名志愿者是另一件我想做的事情，从中我可以受益很多。
完成下列句子
④除了努力工作，我们还需要一些走向成功的好的方法。
__________________________ we need some good ways to succeed.
【答案】In addition to hard work
⑤众所周知，好朋友会给生活增添幸福和价值。
As is known to all, good friends _______________________ life.
【答案】add happiness and value to
⑥“请把所有的数字加起来并告诉我结果。”
“那些数字加起来总共是10000。”
—Please ____________ all the numbers and tell me the result.
—Those numbers __________ 10,000.
【答案】add up, add up to
⑦我不太喜欢这件外套的颜色。此外，它的成本太高。
I don’t quite like this color of the coat. ____________, it costs too much.
【答案】In addition
⑧来访的部长表达了他对谈判的满意，(并)补充说他很喜欢呆在这里。
The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, __________ he had enjoyed his stay here.
【答案】adding that
⑨如果你把这四个数字加起来，会超过500美元。
If you ________________________, it comes to over $500.
【答案】add those four figures/numbers up
核心词汇-10.strength
【教材原句】Focusing on your strengths also helps you build your confidence.(P54)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力
→strong adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的
→strengthen v.加强，巩固
②相关短语
build up one’s strength增强体质
with all one’s strength竭尽全力
have the strength to do sth.有力气/量做某事
strengths and weaknesses(advantages and disadvantages/shortcomings)优缺点
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________. Owing to her excellent trait, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.
【答案】strengths
【解析】strength力量，力气，长处，优势/点。句意：保持冷静是她的优点之一。由于她的优秀品质，她被提升去处理紧急情况。
②Tourism can help ________ local culture by encouraging awareness of traditions and ceremonies.
【答案】strengthen
【解析】此处应用动词strengthen，且上文为短语help (to)do sth.。句意：旅游业可以通过鼓励人们对传统和仪式的认识来帮助加强当地文化。
③His speech made a ________ impression on the audience.
【答案】strong
【解析】strong(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的。句意：他的演讲给观众留下了深刻的印象。
完成下列句子
④考虑到我的优点和缺点，我相信我能在这次比赛中取得成功。
____________________________, I believe I can make it in this competition.
【答案】Considering my strengths and weaknesses
⑤参加体育活动增强体力。
Take part in the physical exercises and ___________________.
【答案】build up your strength
⑥他说，只有通过合作，各国才有力量战胜困难。
He said only by cooperating would countries ______________________ hardships.
【答案】have the strength to overcome
⑦他用全力推那块石头。
He pushed against the rock __________________.
【答案】with all his strength
核心词汇-11. talent
【考点归纳】Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano, ...(P54)
①词性/形变化
talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
→talented adj.有天赋的，聪明的
②相关短语
have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋
have a(great)talent/genius for...(很)有……的天赋
show a(remarkable)talent for...表现出……(卓越/非凡)的才能
be talented/gifted in/at在某方面有才能
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Tom was found _________ in basketball when he was very young.
【答案】talented
【解析】用形容词talented作补足语。句意：汤姆很小的时候就被发现在篮球方面很有天赋。
完成下列句子
②玛丽很有写作天赋。到16岁时，她已经写了三本关于青少年的书。
Mary _______________________. By the time she was 16, she had written three books about teenagers.
【答案】had a great talent/genius for writing/was talented in/at writing
③他是个好球员，有天赋为球队做得更好。
He’s a good player and has ________________ for the team.
【答案】has the talent to do better
④莫札特在早年表现出对音乐的卓越才能。
Mozart early ________________________ music.
【答案】showed a remarkable talent for
核心词汇-12. achievement
【教材原句】If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality, your value to others, your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(P54)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
→achieve v.达到，取得
→achievable adj.可达成/到的，可实现的
②相关短语
make an achievement/such a great achievement取得(如此巨大的)成就
a sense of achievement成就感
achieve a goal/an aim实现/达到目标
achieve one’s dream(s)/ambition(s)实现梦想/抱负
achieve success/victory获得成功/胜利
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①He was admitted to a famous university for his outstanding________ in high school.
【答案】achievements
【解析】考查名词及其单复数。句意：他在高中时因成绩优异而被一所著名大学录取。该空需要一个名词作宾语；所给词achieve为动词，其名词achievement意为“成绩，成就”时为可数名词，此处指他在高中阶段所取得的优异成绩，宜用复数形式。故填achievements。
②A permanent peace is ________ (achieve) at the conference.
【答案】to be achieved
【解析】设空处为表语，表示将要，应用不定式，并且主语和动词之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动结构，故填to be achieved。句意：这次会议将实现永久和平。
③Make sure your goals are actually ________ before setting them.
【答案】achievable
【解析】be动词后用形容词作表语。achieve形容词是achievable。句意：在制定目标之前，确保你的目标是可以实现的。
完成下列句子
④即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。
Even if we __________________ in our work, we should not be too proud.
【答案】achieve great success
⑤父母正在尽其所能帮助孩子实现自己的抱负。
Parents are doing all they can to help their children __________________ .
【答案】achieve their ambitions
⑥努力工作，一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。
It always makes me excited to work hard and ____________________ together.
【答案】achieve a team goal/aim
⑦只要我们努力，我们一定能实现我们的梦想。
As long as we try our best, we are bound ________________ .
【答案】to achieve our dreams
⑧不付出任何努力，你永远不会取得任何巨大的成就。
You can never _______________________________.
【答案】make any achievements without any great efforts
⑨如果你希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，你必须要先让他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。
If you wish your child to have a strong desire to learn, you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain ________________ through learning.
【答案】a sense of achievement
经典句型研一研
1.reason why ...句型
【原句呈现】It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be
worried.(P45 Lines 29-31)青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。
【考点归纳】
①本句的第二句中的先行词为reason，由why引导定语从句；本句中的第一句所用句型，请参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school经典句型1.It is/was +adj.(+for sb./of sb.) +to do sth.。
②若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句，why可以换用for which；若其在从句中作主语或宾语，应用that或which来引导定语从句。
③the reason why/for which(定语从句)...is that(表语从句)为什么……的原因是……。
【完成下列句子】
①我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
I don’t know _________________________ his good friend for help yesterday.
【答案】the reason why/for which he didn’t turn to
②他不来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。
____________________ he didn’t want to see Jane.
【答案】The reason why/for which he didn’t come to the party is that
③我不想听你给我们的理由。
I won’t listen to _______________________.
【答案】the reason that/which you have given us
2.It be+形容词+that从句
【原句呈现】However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.(P45 Lines 31-32)不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。
【考点归纳】
①本句中it is very important that they try...在“try”前省略了助动词should，这是虚拟语气在名词从句中(主语从句，it为形式主语)；
②It is natural/necessary/strange/vital/essential... +that从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。
注意：在这个句型中谓语动词还可以用：(should) have done。
It is strange that should have failed to see her name on the list.
奇怪的是，她竟然没有在名单上看到她的名字。
【完成下列句子】
①减肥和养成健康的生活方式对你来说是非常重要的。
_______________________ and develop a healthy lifestyle.
【答案】It is important/vital that you(should)lose weight
②奇怪的是，这位著名的名人也落入了许多前明星被捕的陷阱。
_______________________ the prominent celebrity ________ into exactly the same trap where many former stars got arrested.
【答案】It is strange that, (should) fall
③他应该努力工作是必要的。
_________________________ he ________ hard.
【答案】It was necessary/essential that, (should)work
3. rather than相关句型
【原句呈现】From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.(P47)
从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。
【考点归纳】
①句中rather than连接的是my health和my weight，肯定前者，否定后者。
②rather than而不是(注意其前后所跟词性要一致)。rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要跟rather than前面的主语一致。
③变式
would rather +从句：从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿
望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望
would… rather than…/would rather...than...宁愿……而不愿……
prefer to do… rather than do…宁愿……而不愿……
注意：不要与other than(意为：除了)想混
The old man wanted to see nobody other than his grandson.
除了他的孙子之外，这个老人谁也不想见。
【完成下列句子】
①玛丽宁愿在家看书也不愿在街上闲逛。
Mary ___________________________ a book at home __________ in the street.
【答案】would rather read, than wander
would read, rather than wander
prefers to read, rather than wander
②要去野营的是你而不是我。
__________________________ going to go camping.
【答案】You rather than I are
③在这次事故中应受责备的是司机而不是乘客。
It is the driver ___________ the passengers who ________ to blame for the accident.
【答案】rather than, is
④我宁愿她下星期呆在家里。
I __________________ at home next week.
【答案】would rather she stayed
⑤说实话，我宁愿替你承受痛苦，你不知道我有多担心你。
To tell the truth, I __________________ the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
【答案】would rather I had taken
4.with复合结构
【原句呈现】For the past years, he had to live with terrible burn makes on his face and body. (P50)
【知识要点】
“with＋宾语＋宾补”所构成的with的复合结构。该结构中可以用“形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词还是过去分词)”。该结构在句中可以作状语，也可作定语。
【完成下列句子】
①他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。
He is used to sleeping _____________________.
【答案】with the window open
②四周有这么多噪音，他仍然专心致志地做作业，这给我留下了深刻的印象。
__________________, he still concentrated on doing his homework, which left a deep impression on me.
【答案】With so much noise around
③他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。
He went out of the library ________________________.
【答案】with a book under his arm
④由于有很多工作要做，我不能陪你去看医生了。
___________________, I couldn’t go to see the doctor with you.
【答案】With a lot of work to do
⑤随着考试的来临，学生们变得越来越紧张。
___________________, students get more and more nervous.
【答案】With the exam approaching/coming
⑥昨天，作业全部做完后，他和家人一起去看电影了。
Yesterday, _________________________________, he went to the cinema with his family.
【答案】with all his homework finished/done必修一Unit4 Looking good feeling good+夯基-2024届新高考英语一轮复习教材为本夯基提能（译林版2020）
必修一Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good 夯基
全部单词过一遍
序号 原词 词性、词意
1 vt.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2 yogurt
3 *faint
4 adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
5 vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
6 sex
7 adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)
8 vi.变苗条，减肥 adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的
9 n.百分之……
10 adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
11 n.效果，作用；影响
12 linking v. 后来被发现是vt.证明，证实
13 adv.稍微，略微
14 n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
15 nutrition
16 vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能
17 adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
18 adj.有效的；生效的
19 adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
20 prep. 在(某段时间)之内；在(某段距离、范围)之内；在…里
21 adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
22 n.方面，层面
23 n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
24 vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加
25 n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
26 n.发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
27 n.数量
28 n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表
29 adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
30 plastic
31 n.外科手术
32 n(. 大学、学院的)校园，校区
33 n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理
34 n.小伙子，家伙
35 n.增加，添加；加法
36 n.格言，谚语，警句
37 jeans
38 adj.男性的；雄性的 n.男性，雄性
39 adj.女性的；雌性的 n.女性，雌性
40 n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
41 n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
42 n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处
43 adj.数码的，数字的
44 n.(pl. series) 一系列，连续
45 adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
46 n.优势；力气，力量；实力
47 n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
48 piano
49 n.内容；目录
50 n.个性，个人特征
51 n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
52 app
部分单词变一变
1._________ adv.立即，马上conj.一……就
→_________ adj.立即的，马上
2._________ vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
→_________ n.集中；专心
3._________ adj.极端的；严重的n.极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)
→_________ adv.极其, 非常
→_________ n.极端主义者
4._________ adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
→_________ prep.关于，涉及
→_________ v. / n.涉及，关心
5._________ n.效果，作用；影响
→_________ adj.有效的；生效的
→_________ adv.有效地，生效地
→_________ n.效力，有效性
6._________ linking v.后来被发现是vt.证明，证实
→_________ n.证据，校样，验证
7.slightly adv.稍微，略微
→slight adj.轻微的，细小的
8.nutrition n._________
→_________ adj.营养的(有关营养营养学方面的知识)
→_________ adj.有营养的(特指事物或食物的用途，给人带来营养)
→nutrient n._________
9._________ vi.起作用，正常工作，运转n.作用，功能，职能
→_________ adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的
→_________ adv.功能上，功能性地
10._________ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
→_________ n.能量，精力
→_________ adv.精力充沛地，积极地
→energy-saving _________
11._________ adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
→_________ n.惊恐；恐吓
→_________ vt.使惊恐, 吓唬
→_________ adj.害怕的，受惊的
12._________ n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
→_________ v.催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推
13._________ vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加
→_________ n.贡献
→_________ n.贡献者，投稿人
14._________ n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆
→_________ v.记忆
→_________ adj.值得纪念的
→_________ adj.纪念的，追悼的 n.纪念牌
15._________ n.发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
→_________ n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者
16._________ n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理
→_________ v.治疗，处理，对待
17._________ adj.消极的，负面的；坏的，有害的；否定的
→_________ adv.负面地，消极地，否定地
18._________ n.增加，添加；加法
→_________ adj.添加的，额外的
→_________ adv.此外，另外
→_________ vt.添加，增加
19._________ adj.男性的；雄性的n.男性，雄性
→_________ adj.女性的；雌性的n.女性，雌性
20._________ n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西
→_________ adj.美丽的；漂亮的
→_________ adv.美丽地
→_________ v.美化
21._________ n.时尚，时兴；流行款式
→_________ adj.流行的，时髦的
22._________ n.优势；力气，力量；实力
→_________ adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的
→_________ v.加强，巩固
23._________ n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
→_________ adj.有天赋的，聪明的
24._________ n.钢琴
→_________ n.钢琴家，钢琴演奏者
25._________ n.个性，个人特征
→_________ adj. /n.个人的；个人
→_________ adv.个别地单独地单个地
26._________ n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
→_________ v.达到，取得
→_________ adj.可达成/到的，可实现的
26.app n.应用程序，应用软件(_________ 的缩写)
→_________ n.申请人
→_________ n.工具，器械
→_________ v.申请、应/运用
重要短语览一览
1.contribute to_________
拓展：contribute sth.to..._____________
contribute to还有的意思：_____________
make contributions/a contribution to_____________
2.end up_____________
拓展：_____________...以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
反义短语：_____________h
_____________以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)
_____________最终成为……(后接表职位或身份的名词)
3.fight a losing battle_____________
4.focus on_____________
5.get into shape_____________
6.go off_____________
7.guard against_____________
8._____________使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
拓展：hang on_____________
hang out_____________
hang around_____________
hang together_____________
hang up_____________
9.have a negative effect on_____________
拓展：_____________生效，开始实施
_____________见效，开始起作用
_____________实施……，使……生效
in effect_____________
10.have a big influence on_____________
11._____________把……记住
12.keep regular hours_____________
13._____________达到，符合，不辜负
14.make a full recovery=recover fully_____________
15.show off_____________
拓展：show in_____________
show out_____________
show up_____________
show around_____________
16.pass out_____________
拓展：pass by_____________
_____________去世(委婉说法)
_____________把……传给后人(常用于被动语态)
_____________转交，(用后)传给
_____________传递
17.slim down_____________
18.take in_____________
拓展：take sb.in_____________
be taken in_____________
take apart_____________
take back_____________
take down_____________
take on_____________
take over_____________
take up_____________
take off_____________
19.take one’s mind off sth._____________
20._____________为……自豪，为……骄傲(与be proud of同义)
21.turn to_____________
warn sb. against doing sth.=warn sb. not to do sth._____________
22.side effect_____________
23._____________从现在开始，从今往后，今后
24._____________此外
25._____________从短期/长期看
26._____________脱离了危险
27._____________遥不可及，超出……范围，够不着/到，达不到
28._____________更为重要的是，更有甚者
核心词汇讲一讲
核心词汇-1.skip
【教材原句】Teen faints after skipping meals(P44)
【考点归纳】
①skip vt.不做(本来常做或应做的事)；跳过 vi.蹦蹦跳跳的走；略过
②相关短语
skip breakfast不吃早饭
skip school/class逃学/逃课
skip a grade/a page跳级/跳过(漏掉)一页
skip over the fence/details跳过栅栏/略过细节
skip over the last part of the book略过书中的最后一部分
skip along behind sb.蹦蹦跳跳地跟着某人
skip it!不提了！
【语境运用】
完成下列句子
①尽管我们早晨吃的东西对我们的健康有很大的影响，许多学生仍然会因为各种原因不吃早餐。
Although what we eat for breakfast ________________ our health, many students _________________
②吉姆建议我们跳过细节，直奔主题。
Jim suggested we __________________and get to the point.
③我一页不漏地读完了全书。
I read the whole book __________________.
④“你刚才说什么来着？”“噢，不提了！”
—What were you saying
—______________!
⑤这就像你的老师说你表现很好，允许你跳级，但你必须离开你的朋友。
This is like your teacher telling you that you’ve done well and _____________________, but you’ll have
to leave your friends.
⑥不要逃学/逃课，否则你会错过很多东西。
___________________, or you will be missing out on stuff.
⑦他们看到那个男人还有一个小女孩蹦蹦跳跳跟着他。
They saw the man with a little girl ________________________.
核心词汇-2. concentrate
【教材原句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
→concentration n.集中；专心
②相关短语
concentrate on/concentrate one’s attention on集中精力于……
“集中精力于/注意力于/致力于……”的表达法：
apply oneself/one’s mind to be absorbed in
bring sth. into focus center on
devote oneself to/be devoted to focus on
fix/center one’s mind/attention on pay attention to
put one’s heart into
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Neal kept interrupting, breaking my ________(concentrate).
②All their thoughts were _________ on themselves.
填上恰当的词
③Nothing is difficult if you _________ your heart into it.
④With her attention _________ on the book, the girl sat there quietly.
⑤Bored, Tom couldn’t concentrate _________ what his mother was saying.
⑥The writer was so _________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room.
⑦If you _________ yourself to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it.
核心词汇-3.effect
【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
effect n.效果，作用；影响
→effective adj.有效的；生效的
→effectively adv.有效地，生效地
→effectiveness n.效力，有效性
②相关短语
in effect实际上，有效
be of no effect无效，没有作用，不中用
bring/carry/put...into effect实行，实施，使生效，实现
come into effect开始生效，开始实施
have no/little/a good(great/bad)effect on/upon对……没有/几乎没有/有好(很大/坏)的影响
take/have effect见效，生效，开始发生作用，实施，实行
have a side effect on ...对……有副作用
注意：affect通常作及物动词，有“影响，感/打动，感染”等意思→(作“感/打动”的意思时，其名词形式)affection n.喜爱，钟爱
be affected with high fever发高烧
be affected by...受到……的影响/感染(be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉)
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Keeping a diary in English is an ________ (effect) way to improve our English writing abilities.
②Foreign leaders were wondering how it was that the Chinese government could contain the spread of the virus so quickly and _________.
③Every mother has _________ for her children.
④Essential soil properties are negatively ________, and water quality is degraded by contamination.
⑤The drug did not _________ his health; in fact it seemed to have no/to be of no_________ at all.
完成下列句子
⑥影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。
__________ a policy is to ___________________ it.
⑦The new law ______________ ; surely it __________ industry of the country.
⑧他向受到影响的人们道歉。
He apologized to the people ________________.
⑨失眠有时是某些药物的副作用。
Sleeplessness is sometimes the ________________.
⑩全国的计算机系统都感染了一系列诡异的程序，即病毒。
Computer systems throughout the country are ____________________, known as viruses
实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。
________________, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy.
为了确保乘客的安全，改善交通条件，一项新的法律自2021年1月1日起已经生效。
To ensure the safety of the passengers and improve the traffic conditions, a new law _____________
since January 1st, 2021.
核心词汇-4.prove
【教材原句】These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实(proved, proved/proven)
→proof n.证据，校样，验证
注意：当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……(=turn out)”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。
②相关搭配和句型
prove sth. to sb./prove to sb.+ that(从句)向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ...证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj.原来是，证明是
It is proved that ...据证明……，据证实……
There’s(no)proof that ...(没)有证据证明
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①The medicine ________ (prove) vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain over these years.
②I will continue to believe it until I get proof contrary to.
完成下列句子
③有时，你所做的选择被证明是错误的。
Sometimes, the choices you have made _________________.
④事实证明，父母的言行对孩子有很深的影响。
_______________________ parents’ words and behaviors ____________________ their children.
⑤律师告诉媒体，没有证据表明他是无辜的。
The lawyer told the press that ___________________________ he was innocent.
⑥我可以用实实在在的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。
I could ________________________ nothing ever changes __________________.
⑦困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
The difficulty was how he could _____________________________.
⑧这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。
The boy tried to ____________________________ and he really proved best.
核心词汇5-energetic
【教材原句】What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.(P45)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
→energy n.能量，精力
→energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地
→energy-saving adj.节约能源的
②相关搭配
full of energy精力充沛的
solar energy太阳能
energy crisis能源危机
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Study is a tough job that needs a large amount of ________, time and work.
②The traveler goes _________ in search of people, adventure and experience, while the tourist is passive and expects interesting things to happen to him. He goes sightseeing.
③To fight against global warming, scientists are working on _________ measures to reduce fuel
consumption.
完成下列句子
④我父亲是一个精力充沛的人。
My father is ________________.
⑤面对越来越严重的能源危机，许多国家呼吁他们的公民充分利用太阳能。
Faced with _____________________, many countries call on their citizens to ____________________.
⑥此外，充足的睡眠能使我们经历充沛，也使我们在考试中表现良好。
Besides,enough sleep ________________ and enable us to perform well in an exam.
核心词汇-6.function
【考点归纳】She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. (P45)
①词性/形变化
function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能
→functional adj.机能的，功能的，实用的，有用的，能起作用的
→functionally adv.功能上，功能性地
②相关短语
function as起……作用，具有……功能
perform/fulfill a…function履行……职责，发挥……作用/功能
perform a variety of functions履行多种/各种职责/职能
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①It satisfies the user's requirements both _________ and emotionally.
②The office is large and _________ rather than welcoming.
③My cellphone has many _________, but I usually use it to call and send messages．
④It is obvious that you are unable _________ well in work without a good state of mind.
完成下列句子
⑤The library _____________________________ now to save people injured in the earthquake.
⑥在你的新工作中，你将履行各种职能。
In your new job you will ______________________________.
⑦他们要雇用你是因为你能够解决问题或者能够履行急需的工作职责。
They’ll hire you because you solve a problem or _______________________.
核心词汇-7. pressure
【教材原句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.(P48)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
pressure n.心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促
→press v.催促，逼迫，按，压，挤，推
②相关短语
be/come under pressure to do sth.面临做某事的压力
cope with/deal with/handle the pressure应对压力
give in to pressure屈服于压力
put sb. under pressure置某人于压力之下
put pressure on/upon ...给……施加压力
relieve/ease/reduce the pressure缓解/减轻压力
under pressure(from...)承受着(来自……的)压力
under the pressure of在……的压力下
pressure of work工作压力
high blood pressure高血压
【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词
①In the face of great ________ , I think,we should adopt an optimistic attitude.
②They are pressing us to make an immediate decision.
③The juice of the grapes is ________ out.
完成下列句子
④我知道学习很重要，但我父母给了我巨大的压力。
I know studying is very important, but my parents __________________________.
⑤为了缓解学习带来的压力，上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。
In order to _____________________________________, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend.
⑥如今很多年轻人压力很大，经常熬夜。
Nowadays many young people ___________________ and often stay up.
⑦我父亲患有高血压。
My father ___________________.
⑧如果你不能应对压力，其他人就会超过你!
If you can’t _________________________, people are going to walk all over you!
⑨她的健康在工作压力下崩溃了。
Her health broke down ________________________ .
核心词汇-8. attack
【教材原句】..., being overweight and suffering a heart attack.(P48)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
attack n.发作；攻击；抨击vt. & vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
→attacker n.攻击/袭击/进攻/抨击者
②相关短语
attack sb. with sth.用某物攻击/袭击某人
attack sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责难/抨击某人
be attacked with...(患)病，得(病)
get attacked受到攻击
make an attack on/upon/against攻击，袭击，抨击，向……进攻
under attack遭到……的攻击/抨击
have/suffer a heart attack心脏病发作
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①How will they react when the ________ get ________
②________ by terrorists, the tall building collapsed.
完成下列句子
③昨天一个小偷在街上袭击了一位妇女。(用动词短语)
A thief _______________________ a woman in the street yesterday.
④当多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。
When a leafy plant ____________, it doesn’t sit quietly.(用介词短语)
⑤一些顽皮的孩子经常在路上用石头袭击路人。
Some naughty children often ____________________ on the road.
⑥他们发现，那些吃鱼数量最多的女性，心脏病发作的几率最低。
They found that the women who ate the most fish were least likely to ________________.
⑦他抨击美国政府在去年夏天次贷危机爆发后仍反对更严格的监管。
He __________________ opposing stricter regulations even after the subprime crisis had broken out last summer.
⑧随着冬天的临近，人们很可能会感染流感。
With the winter approaching, people _______________________ influenza.
核心词汇-9.addition
【教材原句】In addition, Miss Edwards says the surgery makes her look unnatural and that she is unable to make certain facial expression.(P50)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
addition n.增加，添加；加法
→additional adj.添加的，额外的
→additionally adv.此外，另外
→add vt.添加，增加
②相关短语
in addition此外
in addition to除……之外
add ... up/add up ...把……加起来
add ... to ...把……加到/进……里
add to增加，增添
add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add/adding that...补充说……
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Ann will be a very useful ________ to our team.
②The charge for the delivery is ________.
③________, being a volunteer is another thing I want to do, from which I can benefit a lot.
完成下列句子
④除了努力工作，我们还需要一些走向成功的好的方法。
__________________________ we need some good ways to succeed.
⑤众所周知，好朋友会给生活增添幸福和价值。
As is known to all, good friends _______________________ life.
⑥“请把所有的数字加起来并告诉我结果。”
“那些数字加起来总共是10000。”
—Please ____________ all the numbers and tell me the result.
—Those numbers __________ 10,000.
⑦我不太喜欢这件外套的颜色。此外，它的成本太高。
I don’t quite like this color of the coat. ____________, it costs too much.
⑧来访的部长表达了他对谈判的满意，(并)补充说他很喜欢呆在这里。
The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, __________ he had enjoyed his stay here.
⑨如果你把这四个数字加起来，会超过500美元。
If you ________________________, it comes to over $500.
核心词汇-10.strength
【教材原句】Focusing on your strengths also helps you build your confidence.(P54)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力
→strong adj.强(壮)的；坚固的；(对身、心影响)强烈的，深刻的；坚强的
→strengthen v.加强，巩固
②相关短语
build up one’s strength增强体质
with all one’s strength竭尽全力
have the strength to do sth.有力气/量做某事
strengths and weaknesses(advantages and disadvantages/shortcomings)优缺点
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________. Owing to her excellent trait, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.
②Tourism can help ________ local culture by encouraging awareness of traditions and ceremonies.
③His speech made a ________ impression on the audience.
完成下列句子
④考虑到我的优点和缺点，我相信我能在这次比赛中取得成功。
____________________________, I believe I can make it in this competition.
⑤参加体育活动增强体力。
Take part in the physical exercises and ___________________.
⑥他说，只有通过合作，各国才有力量战胜困难。
He said only by cooperating would countries ______________________ hardships.
⑦他用全力推那块石头。
He pushed against the rock __________________.
核心词汇-11. talent
【考点归纳】Everyone has their own talents—you may be good at painting or playing the piano, ...(P54)
①词性/形变化
talent n.天资，天赋；人才，天才
→talented adj.有天赋的，聪明的
②相关短语
have the talent to do sth.有做某事的天赋
have a(great)talent/genius for...(很)有……的天赋
show a(remarkable)talent for...表现出……(卓越/非凡)的才能
be talented/gifted in/at在某方面有才能
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①Tom was found _________ in basketball when he was very young.
完成下列句子
②玛丽很有写作天赋。到16岁时，她已经写了三本关于青少年的书。
Mary _______________________. By the time she was 16, she had written three books about teenagers.
③他是个好球员，有天赋为球队做得更好。
He’s a good player and has ________________ for the team.
④莫札特在早年表现出对音乐的卓越才能。
Mozart early ________________________ music.
核心词汇-12. achievement
【教材原句】If you can learn to see the good things about yourself—your individuality, your value to others, your achievements—you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(P54)
【考点归纳】
①词性/形变化
achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成
→achieve v.达到，取得
→achievable adj.可达成/到的，可实现的
②相关短语
make an achievement/such a great achievement取得(如此巨大的)成就
a sense of achievement成就感
achieve a goal/an aim实现/达到目标
achieve one’s dream(s)/ambition(s)实现梦想/抱负
achieve success/victory获得成功/胜利
【语境运用】
用该词条恰当的形式填空
①He was admitted to a famous university for his outstanding________ in high school.
②A permanent peace is ________ (achieve) at the conference.
③Make sure your goals are actually ________ before setting them.
完成下列句子
④即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。
Even if we __________________ in our work, we should not be too proud.
⑤父母正在尽其所能帮助孩子实现自己的抱负。
Parents are doing all they can to help their children __________________ .
⑥努力工作，一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。
It always makes me excited to work hard and ____________________ together.
⑦只要我们努力，我们一定能实现我们的梦想。
As long as we try our best, we are bound ________________ .
⑧不付出任何努力，你永远不会取得任何巨大的成就。
You can never _______________________________.
⑨如果你希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，你必须要先让他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。
If you wish your child to have a strong desire to learn, you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain ________________ through learning.
经典句型研一研
1.reason why ...句型
【原句呈现】It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be
worried.(P45 Lines 29-31)青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。
【考点归纳】
①本句的第二句中的先行词为reason，由why引导定语从句；本句中的第一句所用句型，请参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school经典句型1.It is/was +adj.(+for sb./of sb.) +to do sth.。
②若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语, 用why来引导定语从句，why可以换用for which；若其在从句中作主语或宾语，应用that或which来引导定语从句。
③the reason why/for which(定语从句)...is that(表语从句)为什么……的原因是……。
【完成下列句子】
①我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
I don’t know _________________________ his good friend for help yesterday.
②他不来参加聚会的原因是他不想见到简。
____________________ he didn’t want to see Jane.
③我不想听你给我们的理由。
I won’t listen to _______________________.
2.It be+形容词+that从句
【原句呈现】However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.(P45 Lines 31-32)不过，如果超重到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。
【考点归纳】
①本句中it is very important that they try...在“try”前省略了助动词should，这是虚拟语气在名词从句中(主语从句，it为形式主语)；
②It is natural/necessary/strange/vital/essential... +that从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。
注意：在这个句型中谓语动词还可以用：(should) have done。
It is strange that should have failed to see her name on the list.
奇怪的是，她竟然没有在名单上看到她的名字。
【完成下列句子】
①减肥和养成健康的生活方式对你来说是非常重要的。
_______________________ and develop a healthy lifestyle.
②奇怪的是，这位著名的名人也落入了许多前明星被捕的陷阱。
_______________________ the prominent celebrity ________ into exactly the same trap where many former stars got arrested.
③他应该努力工作是必要的。
_________________________ he ________ hard.
3. rather than相关句型
【原句呈现】From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.(P47)
从现在起，我将更加注意我的健康，而不是我的体重。
【考点归纳】
①句中rather than连接的是my health和my weight，肯定前者，否定后者。
②rather than而不是(注意其前后所跟词性要一致)。rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要跟rather than前面的主语一致。
③变式
would rather +从句：从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿
望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望
would… rather than…/would rather...than...宁愿……而不愿……
prefer to do… rather than do…宁愿……而不愿……
注意：不要与other than(意为：除了)想混
The old man wanted to see nobody other than his grandson.
除了他的孙子之外，这个老人谁也不想见。
【完成下列句子】
①玛丽宁愿在家看书也不愿在街上闲逛。
Mary ___________________________ a book at home __________ in the street.
②要去野营的是你而不是我。
__________________________ going to go camping.
③在这次事故中应受责备的是司机而不是乘客。
It is the driver ___________ the passengers who ________ to blame for the accident.
④我宁愿她下星期呆在家里。
I __________________ at home next week.
⑤说实话，我宁愿替你承受痛苦，你不知道我有多担心你。
To tell the truth, I __________________ the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
4.with复合结构
【原句呈现】For the past years, he had to live with terrible burn makes on his face and body. (P50)
【知识要点】
“with＋宾语＋宾补”所构成的with的复合结构。该结构中可以用“形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词还是过去分词)”。该结构在句中可以作状语，也可作定语。
【完成下列句子】
①他习惯于开着窗户睡觉。
He is used to sleeping _____________________.
②四周有这么多噪音，他仍然专心致志地做作业，这给我留下了深刻的印象。
__________________, he still concentrated on doing his homework, which left a deep impression on me.
③他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。
He went out of the library ________________________.
④由于有很多工作要做，我不能陪你去看医生了。
___________________, I couldn’t go to see the doctor with you.
⑤随着考试的来临，学生们变得越来越紧张。
___________________, students get more and more nervous.
⑥昨天，作业全部做完后，他和家人一起去看电影了。
Yesterday, _________________________________, he went to the cinema with his family.
