【暑假学案】 Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 暑假复习知识点详解与训练

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022-2023学年人教版英语
八年级下Unit7暑假复习知识点详解与训练
一、知识点详解
Section A
1. The Sahara is about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size.撒哈拉沙漠大约有900万平方公里。
英语中长度、宽度、高度、深度等的表示法:
(1)基数词+单位词+形容词。如:
例：This road is about 16 meters wide. 这条路大约有16米宽。
例：The Yangtze River is about 6,300 kilometers long. 长江大约有6300公里长。
(2)基数词+单位词+(in+名词)。如:
例：The Sahara is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size.撒哈拉沙漠大约有960万平方公里。
例：The man is 1.80 meters in height. 这个人身高1.80米。
2. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何山峰都高。
any other +单数名词”表示“其他的任何一个……”。用于比较级的句子中,实际上表示最高级的含义。
例：He is taller than any other student in his class. 他比他班上其他的学生都要高。
[注意]
“any +单数名词”与“any other +单数名词”的用法不一样。
例：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.
上海比日本的任何一个城市都要大。(上海不是日本的一个城市)
例：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
上海比中国其他的任何一个城市都要大。(上海是中国的一个城市)
3. China has the biggest population in the world.中国拥有世界上最多的人口。
population的用法
(1)population不可数名词,指人口的“多”“少”时,用large / small其前可用a。
例：India has a large population. 印度人口众多。
(2)population作主语时,谓语用单数形式;但population若和分数、百分数一起构成短语作主语,则谓语要用复数形式
例：80% of the population in China are farmers.中国百分之八十的人口是农民。
(3)对人口的数量进行提问时,常用what,
例：What is the population of China 中国有多少人口
4. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗
one of ...其中之一,后常用“限制词(定冠词、物主代词)+复数名词”或最高级结构。
例：One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing.世界上最危险的运动之一就是登山。
5. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.关于今天的长城游,可以随意提问。
(1)feel free to do sth.随意做......
例：You can feel free to eat here.这里你可以随意吃什么。
(2)tourist n.游客。
例：Millions of foreign tourists visit China every year.每年都有大量的外国游客到中国旅游。
6. The main reason was to protect China. 主要原因是为了保护中国。
protect的用法:动词,“保护;防护”之意,常构成protect ... from sth(保护)使……免于
例：We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.我们戴太阳镜来保护我们的眼睛不受阳光刺激。
7. As far as I know,there are no man-made objects as big as this.据我所知,没有人造的物体与它一样大。
as far as I know 据我所知，
例：As far as I know,he is already over 40. 就我所知,他已经40多了。
8. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.厚厚的云层覆盖在山顶,而且顶上的雪下得很大。
cover的用法
v.(常与with连用)盖;覆盖
例：She covered the table with a cloth. 她用一块布把桌子罩起来。
例：The mountain is covered with snow all the year round. 那座山终年积雪。
n. cover 遮盖物;盖子;罩子:封面
例：The book had a blue cover. 这本书有一个蓝色的封面。　
9. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 甚至更多的困难还包括寒冷的天气条件和巨大的暴风雨。
1). include v.包含;包括
例：My house includes a kitchen,a washroom and two rooms. 我的房子有一间厨房，一个洗手间和两间卧室。
2). freeze使结冰;使凝固;使冻住;凝固。
例：The cold weather froze the lake. 寒冷的天气把湖冻住了。
例：When it’s 0℃,water will freeze. 水在0度时便会结冰。
freezing 形容词,冰冻的;结冰的。
例：A freezing river was in front of them. 一条结冰的河流出现在他们面前。
10. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你到达山顶附近时,呼吸空气也变得十分困难。
take in吸入;接受;让……进入。
例：Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼通过鳃摄取氧气。
例：I hope you will take the advice in. 我希望你能接受这劝告。
例：The club took in a new member last week. 俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。
11. ...,while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. ……而第一个成功登顶的女人是来自日本的田部井淳子,她于1975年登上了珠峰。
succeed 表示“实现目标;成功”,表示“做某事做成功了”,常用succeed in doing sth。
例：His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。
例：She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。
success名词,表示抽象意义的“成功”时,是不可数的;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”,则是可数的。
例：His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。
successful形容词,
例：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
12. One of the main reasons is people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.一个主要原因是因为人们想在困难面前挑战他们自己。
1). challenge v.向(人)挑战(做……),要求,
例：He challenged anyone to beat him. 他向任何要打败他的人挑战。
2). in the face of面对;反对;不顾。
例：He never shows any fear in the face of danger. 在危险面前他从不畏惧。
13. ...we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.……我们决不该放弃实现我们梦想的尝试。
Achieve v.实现(目标、目的等)。
例：Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their dreams.要让每个人都有机会实现自己的梦想。
achievement名词,成就,业绩(可数);实现,达到,成功(不可数)。
例：He was rewarded by the government for his scientific achievements.他因在科学上取得的成就而受到政府的奖励。
Section B
1. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象比这只熊猫要重许多倍。
1). weigh的用法
(1) v.称......的重量。
例：He weighed himself on the scales. ——他用磅秤称体重。
(2) v.重......
例：—How much do you weigh ——你多重
—I weigh about 150 kilos. ——我重大约150公斤。
2). 倍数+比较级+ than...表示A是B的几倍
例：I am twice older than he. 我的年纪是他的两倍。
2. At birth,a baby panda is about 　　　　 to 　　　　 kilos. 在出生时,一只小熊猫大约　　　　到　　　　千克。
birth的短语
(1)at birth出生
例：The baby always cries at birth. 婴儿出生时总是哭。
(2)give birth to生孩子,产仔
例：She gave birth to a son. 她生了一个儿子。
(3)date of birth出生日期。
例：You should fill in the date of birth here. 你应该在这里填上出生日期。
3.Panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. 熊猫饲养员正在为熊猫仔的早餐准备牛奶。
prepare 的用法
(1) prepare sth for sb给……准备……
例：Our English teacher was preparing a paper for us.我们的英语老师正在为我们准备试卷。
(2)prepare for sth结构,表示“为……做准备”。
例：The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试。
4. At 9∶00 a.m.,they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. 上午9点钟,他们发现多数熊猫已经醒了而且饿了。
awake的用法:形容词,意思是“醒着的”,常作表语、宾语补足语、后置定语等。
例：He was awake all night. 他整夜都没睡着。
5. ...they run over to them with excitement and some of young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over! ……他们兴奋地跑过去,有一些甚至跌跌撞撞地如同走进朋友怀抱中一样。
1). excitement的用法:名词,激动;兴奋。常构成in/with excitement(激动地;兴奋地);to one’s excitement(令人激动地)等短语。
例：The news caused great excitement. 这消息令人极为兴奋。
例：To our excitement,our class won the first prize in this contest.令我们兴奋的是,我们班在比赛中获得了一等奖。
2). fall over强调的是“向前摔倒、跌倒”。
例：She fell over and broke her leg. 她跌倒并把腿摔断了。　
6. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long.小熊猫经常会死于疾病,不会活很长时间。
1). die from表示“死于……”,与die of同义。
例：The beggar died of hunger and cold. 这个乞丐死于饥饿和寒冷。
2). illness名词,意思是“疾病;病”。
例：He can’t come because of illness. 他因病不能来。
二、当堂训练
I.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词。
1. The Caspian Sea is the d________ of all the salt lakes.
2. When the baby sees her mother, she runs over with e________.
3. Paper and other 3 things are 4 inventions(发明) in a________ China.
4. We try to celebrate the ________ (成就) of those great scientists.
5. He wanted to reach the top of the mountain and he ________ (成功).
6. I have a small house. It ________ (包括) a bedroom, a kitchen and a bathroom.
7. You should work hard to ________ (实现) your dream.
8. If you go to the poor village, you will be shocked by the living ________ (条件).
9. Our g________is making plans to save the animals in danger.
10. When my mother went into my room, I was a________ but I didn’t get up.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Which one is ________(deep) of all the salt lakes
2.When they heard the good news, they jumped with ________(excite).
3.An apple a day can keep away from all kinds of ________(ill).
4.We should take care of pandas and other ________(endanger)animals.
5.________(human)need water to drink, to cook and to clean.
6.He spent five hours ________(write) a report about wild animals.
7.We must know the ________(important) of protecting the environment,
8. A lot of ________(tour) cine to Zhangjiajie on holiday.
9.We should plant more bamboo trees for pandas ________(live) in,
10.—Why are you ________(weak) now
—Because I am worried about tomorrow’s test.
III.单项选择。
1. —What’s ________ mountain in the world
—Qomolangma. It’s 8,844.86 meters high.
A. highest B. the highest C. higher D the higher
2.When I heard the story about Zhang Lili who saved the children, I felt very ________.
A.moving B.moved C.surprising D.surprise
3.Mr. Green is a kind man. He always tries his best to help ________ weak.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. Let’s visit the West Lake ________ there isn’t a heavy rain tomorrow.
A.if B. so that C. as soon as D. unless
5. Tom is taller than ________ student in his class.
A. any B.the other C.any other D.other any
6.The old bag reminded me ________ my best friend.
A. to B. of C.for D. with
7. —Which is ________, Town Cinema, Screen City or Movie Palace
—Movie Palace.
A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. much more popular
8. Yao Ming is one of ________ most popular ________ in China.
A. a ; players B.the ; players C.an ;runners D.much; runners
9. As soon as they saw their mother, the little baby pandas run ________ with excitement.
A. down B. over C. across D. along
10. We have different opinions ________ the movie.
A.of B. with C. in D. about
IV.翻译。
1. 这个男人比那个男孩重许多倍。
This man weighs ________ ________ ________ ________ that boy.
2. 运动员们正在为学校运动会做准备。
The players are ________ ________ the school sports meeting.
3. 她太胖，不得不每10分钟就坐下来休息一次。
She was so fat that she had to sit down and rest ________ ________ ________.
4. 这个小女孩花了大约一刻钟画这只猴子。
The little girl ________ about a quarter ________ the monkey.
5. 史密斯一家需要一个更大些的房子住。
The Smiths need a larger house ________ ________ ________.
6. 长城有多长
________ ________ is the Great Wall
7. 里海有1025米深。
The Caspian Sea is 1,025 ________.
8. 这道数学题比那一道难得多。
This math problem is ________ ________ ________ than that one.
9. 可以随便问我关于今天比赛的事情。
________ ________ to ask me anything about today’s game.
10. 据我所知，丽萨是她们家最小的孩子。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________, Lisa is the youngest in her home.
答案
I.1.deepest 2.excitement 3.ancient 4.achievement 5.succeeded
6.includes 7.achieve 8.conditions 9.government 10.awake
II.1.the deepest 2.excitement 3.illnesses 4.endangered 5.Humans
6.writing 7.importance 8.tourists 9.to live 10.weak
III.1-5BBCCA 6-10BCBBD
IV.1.many times more than 2.preparing for 3.every ten minutes 4.spent drawing 5.to live in 6.How long 7.deep 8.much more difficult 9.Feel free 10.As far as I know
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