新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（含解析，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-08 14:52:31 | ||
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乌鲁木齐市名校 2022-2023学年高二下学期
期末考试 英语试题
总分150分 考试时间120分钟
一、阅读理解（共30分）
The Art Museum of Chicago
Visiting time
The museum is open daily 10:30 am - 5:00 pm. The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year’s Day.
Highlights (亮点）of the Art Museum
American Art
Discover how artists have expressed many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection.
Impressionism: Monet, Degas, Renoir and More
Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life as you view one of the most admired collections of French Impressionism in the world.
Hidden Histories
Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another.
For families with children
It is free for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18, and the Art Museum is the perfect place for an outing with the whole family. Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through stories and games.
1．When can you visit the museum
A．On Thanksgiving Day. B．On Christmas Day.
C．On April Fool’s Day. D．On New Year’s Day.
2．Who of the following has to pay for his/her visit
A．A 19- year-old Chicago student. B．A 13-year-old girl.
C．A 17- year-old Chicago girl. D．A 9- year-old pupil.
3．What can people do in the Art Museum of Chicago
A．Tell stories about artists and their artworks.
B．Learn about the color and excitement of 18th-century life.
C．Discover how artists have expressed the African experience.
D．Pay a visit to the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center.
Flocks of hundreds of regent honeyeaters（王吸蜜鸟）could once be spotted all over south-eastern Australia on a regular basis, but today the species is critically endangered, with only 300 believed to exist in the entire world. They were also known for the complexity of their mating songs, but as their numbers started declining, scientists started noticing male regent honeyeaters didn’t even sound like their species anymore. Today, there is enough evidence that regent honeyeaters have forgotten how to sing, which could cause the entire species to go extinct.
At one point, Australian scientists noticed that male regent honeyeaters were imitating（模仿）the songs of other bird species. Some experts believed that the imitation was a purposeful strategy to avoid attacks from their enemies. However, a recent study showed otherwise. Young regent honeyeaters learn their songs from adult members of their species, just like human children learn to speak, but because they are spread so thin in their habitat-they could occupy probably 10 times the size of the UK but are really small in quantity-many males don’t get to listen to the right songs, so they start adopting the tunes of other bird species. The problem is that these aren’t the songs female regent honeyeaters want to hear, so their chances of finding a mate are very slim.
Scientists are now planning to catch wild males that can sing and put them next to caged regent honeyeaters so that the young birds can learn the right song. They then plan to release them into the wild every few years, where they will hopefully be able to attract females and reproduce.
“This study shows how damaging population declines and habitat fragmentation（碎片）might be to this critical process in the life of songbirds,” said Dr Sue Zollinger, an expert in animal communication from Manchester Metropolitan University.
4．Why are regent honeyeaters faced with extinction
A．They are short of food. B．They are incapable of imitation.
C．Their habitats are badly destroyed. D．Male birds fail to sing the right songs.
5．What is paragraph 2 intended to do
A．Analyse the reason. B．Draw a conclusion.
C．Present the problem. D．Add some background.
6．What are scientists doing to help the honeyeaters
A．Broadcasting mating songs to the young birds.
B．Introducing wild birds to teach caged ones.
C．Training them to escape from the enemies.
D．Spreading them in different habitats.
7．Why does the writer mention Dr Sue Zollinger’s words
A．To indicate the difficulty of catching wild birds.
B．To offer some strategies for animal communication.
C．To point out the critical tunes of the bird’s mating songs.
D．To stress the significance of an ideal population per habitat.
After an absence of thirty years, I decided to visit my old school again. I had expected to find changes, but not a completely different building. As I walked up the school drive, I wondered for a moment if I had come to the right address. The dirty red brick houses had been swept away. In its place stood a bright, modern block. A huge expanse of glass extended (延展) across the face of the building, and in front, there was a well-kept lawn (草坪) where there used to be "an untidy gravel (沙石) yard".
I was pleased to find that it was bread time and that the children were all in the playground. This would enable me to meet some members of staff. On entering the building, I was surprised to hear loud laughter coming from what appeared to be the masters' common room. I could not help remembering the teachers in my time, all dressed in black gowns and high collars. And above all, I recalled Mr. Garston whom we had nicknamed "Mr. Ghastly", the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike. I knocked at the common room door and was welcomed by a smiling young man who introduced himself to me as the headmaster. He was dressed casually in a sports jacket, and his cheerful manner, quickly dispelled (驱散) the image of Mr. Ghastly. After I had explained who I was, the headmaster presented me to the teachers all of whom were a little younger than himself, and said he would take me round the school.
Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. Gone were the heavy desks of old with their deeply carved names; gone too, were the dark classrooms with their ink stained, dark brown walls, and their raised platforms for the teachers. The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked. I looked with envy as I remembered how, as a child, I had looked at the blackboard hardly daring to whisper to my neighbor.
8．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．He had expected that the school had completely changed.
B．In the writer's time, all the teachers were dressed in black gowns and high collars.
C．There was a well-kept lawn in their school when he visited it.
D．An untidy gravel yard had disappeared.
9．"Mr. Ghastly" must be .
A．the writer's teacher B．a serious old man
C．the strict headmaster D．a naughty boy
10．From what is said in the passage it seems clear the writer .
A．disapproved of all the changes that had taken place
B．felt sorry for the children in the school
C．was glad that the school was still the same
D．felt that conditions at the school had improved a lot
Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.
This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy (幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us
Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.
The world of make believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.
11．The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves________.
A．the close connection between man and the fantasy world
B．the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature
C．the fine taste of moviegoers around the world
D．the general existence of the sense of curiosity
12．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.
B．The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.
C．The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.
D．Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.
13．If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make believe, we will________.
A．fail to appreciate the joy in our lives
B．be confused by the world of make believe
C．miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world
D．be trapped by other worlds existing all around us
14．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To show us the hidden beauty in our world.
B．To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.
C．To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.
D．To discuss the influence of the world of make believe.
二、七选五（共10分）
Believe it or not! We are half way into 2022. Like many people, you probably made a New Year’s decision to finally get fit and stay fit. You got really motivated, bought new workout clothes and got off to a great start. But by April or May, you may have lost your steam. ____15____, they are not always planned out to set you up for success. Are you ready to get started again Here are some tips to help you get back on track with your fitness goals.
Choose realistic goals that are measurable. Can you really achieve the goals you have set for yourself ____16____. To say, “I want to get fit” is too broad ranging and very difficult to assess. Clearly define your goals so that you can recognize when you’ve reached them for both the short and long term.
____17____. What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal Write these down and refer to them often. It is easier to hit a target you can see, plus you are more likely to stick to a plan when it is written down in detail.
Keep a journal. ____18____. Record your exercise duration and if possible your total energy consumption. When things aren’t going to plan, you can look through your journal and make adjustments accordingly.
Find an activity you enjoy. It is difficult to stick to something if you don’t like it. ____19____, and don’t choose only one activity to help you achieve your goals. In fact, cross-training is a great way to condition different muscle groups, as well as preventing boredom.
A．Create a plan of action
B．Know what it is that you want to achieve
C．Whenever possible, stick to a certain activity
D．While New Year’s decisions are well-managed
E．Try a new fitness class or take your workout outdoors
F．Write down everything you eat and what time you eat it
G．If you plan and try to seize every possible chance to achieve your goals
三、完形填空（共30分）
When our self-confidence is low, we sometimes tend to believe what others think of us. We do not have the confidence in ourselves ___20___ we have to believe in others. One individual who has ___21___ to accept others’ beliefs is Les Brown.
It ___22___ when he was just a baby. He was put up for adoption.___23___ he was adopted by a woman, Ms Mamie Brown. She was a single parent, had limited ___24___ resources, and little education, but she had a big heart. She ___25___ Les and his twin brother.
As Les was ___26___, he encountered difficulties in school. He was incorrectly labeled as a “___27___ learner”. When that label is put on a child, it ___28___ a child’s self-esteem. However, Les was ___29___. He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be. He had big dreams. He had no ___30___ education beyond high school, yet he had determination and was very persistent. He ___31___ his education by self-education.
Today he is a very ___32___ professional speaker and author. He is a(n)___33___ of someone who has overcome other people’s beliefs. In his videos and tapes, he ___34___ confidence. He told his story and ___35___ he overcame the challenges in his life. Listening to him speak, and listening to him laugh, which is ___36___ infectious, we can see that he is very motivating and inspiring.
Remember the words wisdom ___37___ Les Brown, “You cannot expect to achieve new goals or move beyond your present circumstances unless you ___38___”. For those who have low self-confidence, start reading about the Les Browns of the world. Many people have so much more ___39___ than where they are right now. If you have a dream, then start today to move yourself towards it.
20．A．until B．because C．so D．though
21．A．refused B．agreed C．preferred D．intended
22．A．continued B．started C．ended D．stopped
23．A．Unfortunately B．Strangely C．Surprisingly D．Thankfully
24．A．financial B．cultural C．historical D．political
25．A．educated B．protected C．treated D．adopted
26．A．growing up B．going ahead C．looking around D．walking about
27．A．quick B．modern C．popular D．slow
28．A．establishes B．damages C．explains D．respects
29．A．determined B．embarrassed C．frightened D．disappointed
30．A．formal B．personal C．physical D．natural
31．A．increased B．designed C．furthered D．prepared
32．A．wealthy B．successful C．grateful D．careful
33．A．symbol B．example C．record D．opinion
34．A．improved B．expressed C．preserved D．recognized
35．A．when B．why C．how D．where
36．A．slightly B．occasionally C．certainly D．eventually
37．A．by B．with C．on D．Against
38．A．change B．apologize C．succeed D．participate
39．A．admiration B．ambition C．adventure D．potential
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On my trip to Dunhuang, Gansu province in December, I had an exciting experience of ____40____(explore) Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) in Dunhuang with 735 caves ____41____(build) by believers from 366 to the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368).
The guide ____42____ (random) opened one of the old caves at Mogao Grottoes and curious tourists began a journey of mystery. Following ____43____tiny points of light from the guide’s small flashlight (手电筒), we learned stories of the past from the Buddhist statues and murals (壁画) in the darkness.
Some wall paintings represented musicians playing Chinese instruments, as well as complex gestures of dancers at parties in an ancient royal court. Others showed interesting and exciting scenes of hunting in the ____44____ (wood). The statues—even those ____45____ faces had turned black, and some having lost an arm or two to natural weathering(自然风化)—didn’t stop the solemn (庄严的) power.
Thanks ____46____ its being the off-season, my group was able to see 12 caves. Tourists, however, ____47____ (allow) to see a maximum of eight caves during peak season. When I ____48____ (come) out from the three-hour exploration, I was amazed that I had bought ____49____ (vary) souvenirs, which help preserve the memory and feel of the place.
五、短文改错（共10分）
50．假定英语课课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Monday, we hold a monitor election during our class meeting. Two students in our class took part the event. They are Liu Dong and Wang Hong, all of whom are the top students in our grade. Before the election, they each gave a briefly presentation about their plan after become the monitor. At the last, the winner turned out to be Wang Hong, who gained 28 votes when Liu Dong gained 15. Obviously, we thought Wang Hong’s plan a good one. In the end, we gave Wang Hong a big hand but congratulated her. I expect that our class will be better under his leadership.
六、作文（共25分）
51．假定你是李华，上周末去乡村参加了为期一天的环保宣传活动。请给笔友Mike写一封信，介绍这次活动。内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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英语期末考试 答案解析：
1．C 2．A 3．D
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了芝加哥艺术博物馆的有关信息，包括其开放时间、博物馆艺术特点等。
1．细节理解题。文中第一段提到“The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year’s Day.”博物馆及其商店会在感恩节、圣诞节、新年当天关闭，因此可以在愚人节进行参观。C项符合题意，故选C。
2．细节理解题。文中最后一段第一句提到“It is free for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18”对于14岁以下的小孩以及18岁以下的芝加哥籍青少年都是免费的。A项符合文意，故选A。
3．细节理解题。文中倒数第二段提到“Hear stories about artists and their artworks”参观者可以听到著名艺术家的故事以及他们的作品，而不是讲述，故A项错误。第三段提到“Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life”参观者可以学习到19世纪色彩的使用而不是18世纪，故B项错误。文中第二段提到“Discover how artists have expressed many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection.”参观者可以了解到艺术家是如何从不同方面展示美国，而不是非洲，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center,”参观者可以参观Ryan教育中心的合家欢空间，D项符合题意，故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明王吸蜜鸟已经忘记了如何唱歌，这可能会导致整个物种灭绝。科学家们分析了其中的原因，并在尝试帮助它们解决这个问题。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Today, there is enough evidence that regent honeyeaters have forgotten how to sing, which could cause the entire species to go extinct.”（今天，有足够的证据表明王吸蜜鸟已经忘记了如何唱歌，这可能会导致整个物种灭绝。）和第二段最后一句“The problem is that these aren’t the songs female regent honeyeaters want to hear, so their chances of finding a mate are very slim.”（问题是这些不是雌性王吸蜜鸟想听到的歌声，所以它们找到配偶的机会非常渺茫。）可知，因为雄性王吸蜜鸟唱不出正确的歌，所以王吸蜜鸟面临灭绝。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“At one point, Australian scientists noticed that male regent honeyeaters were imitating（模仿）the songs of other bird species.”（有一次，澳大利亚科学家注意到雄性王吸蜜鸟在模仿其他鸟类的叫声。）可知，第二段是为了分析为什么王吸蜜鸟忘记了如何唱歌。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据倒第二段第一句“Scientists are now planning to catch wild males that can sing and put them next to caged regent honeyeaters so that the young birds can learn the right song. ”（科学家们现在计划捕捉会唱歌的野生雄鸟，把它们放在笼子里的王吸蜜鸟旁边，这样雏鸟就能学会正确的鸣叫声。）可知，科学家们引进野生雄鸟教笼子里的王吸蜜鸟唱歌来帮助王吸蜜鸟。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This study shows how damaging population declines and habitat fragmentation（碎片）might be to this critical process in the life of songbirds（这项研究显示了种群减少和栖息地破碎化对鸣禽生命的这一关键过程的破坏性）”可知，作者提到Sue Zollinger博士的话是为了强调每个栖息地的理想种群数量的重要性。故选D。
8．A 9．C 10．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者重新回到以前的学校，发现学校发生了很多的变化，和记忆中的完全不一样了。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I had expected to find changes, but not a completely different building.(我预期到会发现一些变化，但不是一个完全不同的建筑)”可知，作者想到学校会有变化，但是没有想到学校完全变成另一个样子，所以A项陈述与原文意思不符。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“And above all, I recalled Mr. Garston whom we had nicknamed "Mr. Ghastly", the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike.(最重要的是，我想起了加斯顿先生，我们给他起了个绰号“盖斯利先生”，他是一位对教职工和学生都有严格纪律的校长)”可知，盖斯利先生对待员工和学生都有严格的纪律，因此他是一位严格的校长。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. Gone were the heavy desks of old with their deeply carved names; gone too, were the dark classrooms with their ink stained, dark brown walls, and their raised platforms for the teachers. The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked.(在这里，最大的惊喜在等待着我。过去那些刻着深刻名字的笨重桌子不见了；漆黑的教室也不见了，墨迹斑斑，黑褐色的墙壁，高高的讲台也不见了。现在房间都漆成了鲜艳的颜色，孩子们非但没有端坐在自己的位置上，似乎还可以按自己的喜欢的方式坐着)”可推断，和以前相比，学校现在的条件提高了很多。故选D。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章依托指环王和现实世界比较，告诫我们周围的世界才是我们生活的一部分，说明作者是想警告我们不能迷失在奇幻世界中。
11．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. (人类自然而然地被其他生命形式和我们自己之外的世界所吸引)”和第二段中的“This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy (幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. (这种惊奇感是普遍存在的。看看科学家们为查明火星上是否存在某种生命所做的努力，以及奇幻文学或《指环王》等电影的流行程度)”可知，人类具有好奇心，普遍会被其他生命形式和我们自己之外的世界所吸引，提及The Lord of the Rings就是为了证明人的好奇心是普遍存在的。故选D项。
12．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Without modern technology small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen. (如果没有现代技术，小池塘可能会是一个充满奇异而美丽的植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物的神奇世界。当我们与周围的世界缺乏有意义的互动时，有时甚至与我们的家人和朋友缺乏互动时，我们会试图理解和交流那些只存在于我们的想象或电脑屏幕上的东西)”可知，当我们不用现代技术，和外界世界进行有意义的交互时，我们会回归事物本身，发现它们的美丽，会觉得一个小池塘也是一个令人惊奇的世界，身边的事物也是奇迹，画线句言外之意就是“我们周围的世界可以成为奇迹的源泉”。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. (但当幻想世界成为我们惊奇感的唯一出口时，我们真的错过了一些东西。我们正在失去与生活世界的联系。我们周围还有其他奇妙的世界)”可知，生活中还有其他有趣的东西，如果依赖幻想世界，我们就无法欣赏生活中的快乐。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own. (但当幻想世界成为我们惊奇感的唯一出口时，我们真的错过了一些东西。我们正在失去与生活世界的联系。我们周围还有其他奇妙的世界。但更有趣的是，如果我们仔细观察，我们可以看到，从广义上讲，这些世界实际上是我们自己的一部分)”可知，如果依赖幻想世界，我们就无法欣赏生活中的快乐，我们周围的世界才是我们生活的一部分，说明作者是想警告我们不能迷失在奇幻世界中。故选B项。
15．D 16．B 17．A 18．F 19．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何帮助人们回到健身目标的轨道上给出一些建议。
15．上文“Like many people, you probably made a New Year’s decision to finally get fit and stay fit. (像很多人一样，你可能在新年做出了一个决定，最终要健身并保持健康。)”和“But by April or May, you may have lost your steam. (但是到了4月或5月，你可能会失去动力。)”说明新年伊始，人们决定要健身，但是不能坚持到底，总是半途而废，选项D“虽然新年的决定计划得很好”承接上文，引出下文“they are not always planned out to set you up for success. (它们并不总是为你的成功而计划的。)”对上文做出总结，虽然计划的挺好，但是不能成功。故选D项。
16．上文“Choose realistic goals that are measurable. Can you really achieve the goals you have set for yourself (选择可衡量的现实目标。你真的能实现你为自己设定的目标吗？)”建议要设定切合实际的目标，选项B“知道你想要达到的目标是什么”承接上文，继续说明要明确目标。故选B项。
17．下文“What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal Write these down and refer to them often. It is easier to hit a target you can see, plus you are more likely to stick to a plan when it is written down in detail. (你打算采取什么步骤来实现你的目标？把这些写下来，经常参考。更容易实现你看得见的目标，而且当计划被详细地写下来时，你更有可能坚持下去。)”建议把目标计划的步骤写下来，选项A“制定行动计划”概括本段大意，建议制定行动计划。故选A项。
18．上文“Keep a journal. (写日记。)”建议写日记，选项F“写下你吃的所有东西和吃东西的时间”承接上文，建议写日记的具体内容。故选F项。
19．上文“Find an activity you enjoy. (找一项你喜欢的活动。)”建议找一项自己喜欢的健身活动，选项E“尝试新的健身课程或到户外锻炼”给出具体的人们可能喜欢的健身活动，引出下文“and don’t choose only one activity to help you achieve your goals.( 不要只选择一项活动来帮助你实现目标。)”与之并列。故选E项。
20．C 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．A 39．D
【分析】本文是一篇励志文章。文章讲述了Les Brown没有相信别人对自己的错误看法，始终坚信梦想，最终走向了成功的故事。
20．C考查连词。因为我们对自己不信任，所以我们不得不相信其他人。until 直到， because 因为， so 所以， though尽管。
21．A 考查动词。由下文内容可知Les Brown拒绝接受别人的信念。refused拒绝，agreed 同意， preferred偏爱， intended打算。
22．B 考查动词。他还是一个婴儿时，就开始了。continued 继续， started开始， ended 结束， stopped停止。
23．D 考查副词。由but she had a big heart. 可知他的养母有宽阔的胸怀，所以对于他来说，是很感激地。Unfortunately 不幸地， Strangely 奇怪地， Surprisingly 惊人地，Thankfully感激地。
24．A 考查形容词。由She was a single parent,可知她的经济条件有限。financial 财政的，cultural 文化的， historical 历史的，political政治的。
25．D考查动词。由 4 he was adopted by a woman, 可知她收养了Les 和他的双胞胎兄弟。educated 教育，protected 保护， treated对待， adopted收养。
26．A 考查动词短语。随着Les的长大，他在学校遇到了困难。growing up长大， going ahead 继续前进，looking around 环顾四周， walking about走来走去。
27．D 考查形容词。由When that label is put on a child, it 9 a child’s self-esteem.可知他被错误地贴上“迟钝的学习者”的标签。 quick 迅速的， modern 现代的， popular 受欢迎的，slow迟钝的。
28．B 考查动词。由He was incorrectly labeled as a “ 8 learner”. 可知这种标签会伤害孩子的自尊。establishes 建立， damages 伤害，explains 解释， respects尊敬。
29．A 考查形容词。由He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be.可判断出Les非常的坚定。determined坚定的， embarrassed 尴尬的， frightened 害怕的， disappointed失望的。
30．A 考查形容词。由He 12 his education by self-education.可知他接受正式的教育没有超过高中。formal 正式的，personal 个人的， physical 身体的， natural自然的。
31．C 考查动词。他通过自学来促进自己教育的提高。increased 增长， designed 设计，furthered 促进， prepared准备。
32．B 考查形容词。由He is a(n) 14 of someone who has overcome other people’s beliefs.可知如今他是一名非常成功的专业演讲者和作家。wealthy 富有的， successful 成功的，grateful 感谢的， careful小心的。
33．B 考查名词。由Today he is a very 13 professional speaker and author.可知他是战胜别人信仰的一个榜样人物。 symbol 符号，example 榜样， record 记录，opinion观点。
34．B 考查动词。在他的视频和磁带中，他表示了自信。improved 改进，expressed 表示，preserved保存， recognized意识到。
35．C 考查语义理解。他讲述了自己的故事，并且说明了自己是如何战胜生活中的挑战的。when 当……时， why 为什么， how 如何，where在哪里。
36．C 考查副词。听了他的演讲，听到他的笑声，这些当然都是有感染力的，我们可以看到他是一个非常励志和积极的人。slightly 轻微地， occasionally 偶尔， certainly当然，eventually最后。
37．A 考查介词。记得由Les Brown说的至理名言。 by 由， with 随着，on 在……上，Against反对。
38．A 考查动词。你不要期待着达到新的目标，或者超越现状，除非你去改变，change改变，apologize 道歉， succeed 成功， participate参加。
39．D 考查语义理解。许多人比现状更有潜力。admiration 赞赏， ambition 雄心，adventure 冒险， potential潜能。
40．exploring 41．built 42．randomly 43．the 44．woods 45．whose 46．to 47．are allowed 48．came 49．various##varied
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在 12 月份去敦煌旅行的经历。文章旨在引导学生关注祖国的大好河山。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我12月去甘肃敦煌的旅行中，我有一次激动人心的经历，我探索了敦煌莫高窟，那里有735个洞穴，是由信徒从366年到元朝(1271-1368年)建造的。设空处在句中作非谓语，位于介词 of 后，应用动名词形式。故填exploring。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语caves 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。
42．考查副词。句意：导游随机打开了莫高窟的一个老洞，好奇的游客们开始了一段神秘之旅。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用random的副词形式修饰动词opened。故填randomly
43．考查冠词。句意：随着导游的小手电筒发出的微小光点，我们在黑暗中从佛像和壁画中了解了过去的故事。结合句意，此处特指导游的小手电筒发出的小小的光点，应用定冠词。故填the。
44．考查名词。句意：另一些则展示了在森林里打猎的有趣而激动人心的场景。设空处应为名词在句中作宾语，再根据“hunting(打猎)”可知，此处应是在森林里，应用wood 的复数形式表示“森林”。故填woods。
45．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这些雕像——甚至那些脸已经变黑，有些因为自然风化而失去了一两只胳膊的雕像——并没有阻止那庄严的力量。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词faces。故填whose。
46．考查介词。句意：由于是淡季，我的团队能够看到12个洞穴。根据“my group was able to see 12 caves(我的团队能够看到12个洞穴)”可知，逗号前的内容表示原因。thanks to 意为“因为；幸亏”，为固定搭配。故填to。
47．考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：不过，游客在旺季最多只能参观8个洞穴。设空处在句中作谓语，主语Tourists和allow之间为动宾关系，根据“during peak season(在旺季)”可知，此处叙述的是通常的情况，故空处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are allowed。
48．考查谓语动词。句意：当我从三个小时的探险中出来时，我惊讶地发现我买到了各种各样的纪念品，这些纪念品有助于保存对这个地方的记忆和感觉。分析句子结构可知，空处为when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词，根据主句中“was”可知，从句也应用一般过去时与主句保持一致。故填came。
49．考查形容词。句意见上题解析。根据空后名词“souvenirs(纪念品)”可知，空处应用形容词various或者varied修饰名词。故填various或者varied。
50．第一句 hold改成held
第二句 part后面加上in
第三句 all改成both
第四句 briefly改成brief；become改成becoming
第五句 第一个the去掉；when改成while
第六句 good改成better
第七句 but改成and
第八句 his改成her
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周一我们班进行了班长选举。王红和刘冬进行了竞选，最后王红胜出，我们对她表示祝贺，并希望我们班在她的带领下越来越好。
【详解】第一处：考查谓语动词时态。根据时间last Monday（上周一），可知动作发生在过去，谓语动词应该用过去时，故将hold改成held。
第二处：考查固定词组。句意：我们班两个学生参加了这个竞选。take part in，参加﹍，为固定词组，故在part之后加in。
第三处：考查代词。all和both都意为“都”，但是两者之间有区别。both指的是两者之间，all指的是三者或者三者以上。此处是指的是王红和刘冬两个人，故用both，而不用all，故将all改成both。
第四处：考查形容词。此处要用形容词修饰名词presentation，不能用副词，故将briefly改成brief。
第五处：考查动名词。after为介词，其后面跟动名词做宾语，故将become改成becoming。
第六处：考查固定搭配。at last，“最后”，为固定词组。题中的the是多余的，故将the去掉。
第七处：考查连词。句意：最后，王红以28票获胜，而刘冬获得了15票。when和while都可做并列连词，但是意思有不同之处。when表示“在那时”，while表示“而”。根据句意可知此处用while而不用when，故将when改成while。
第八处：考查形容词的比较级。结合语境可知，此处是将王红的计划和刘冬的计划进行比较，王红的计划比较好，故用good的比较级形式，故将good改成better。
第九处：考察连词。句意：最后，我们给了王红一个拥抱，并祝贺她。根据句意可知“gave Wang Hong a big hand”和“congratulated her”是动作的并列关系，而非转折关系，故将but改成and。
第十处：考查形容词性物主代词。根据上文congratulated her可知王红是个女生，且此处指的是在王红的带领下我们的班级将会变得更好。故将his改成her。
【点睛】短文改错常考总结：
1、谓语动词的错误是考试的重点和热点，常见错误类型有：①时态使用错误；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
例如第一处将hold改成held，考查的是谓语动词的时态。
2、名词的常见错误：①名词单复数错用；②可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3、冠词错误：①a和an之间的错用（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；②a/an和the之间的错用（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）
例如第二处在part之后加the，考查固定搭配。第六处去掉the，也属于考查固定搭配。
4、形容词和副词错误：①系动词后用形容词；②词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词、副词还有句子）。
例如第四处将briefly改成brief，属于词性的误用。
5、代词错误：①代词的主格和宾格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）错误；②反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；③代词的单数和复数使用错误；④代词指代错误，例如性别使用错误；⑤多代词或少代词。
例如第十处将his改成her，属于性别使用错误。
6、非谓语动词的常见错误：①不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；②and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；③介词后用动名词形式作宾语；④某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。⑤现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式使用错误。
例如第五处将become改成becoming，考查的是非谓语中的动名词。
7、介词错误：①固定词组中的介词误用；②介词意思理解偏差；③介词的多用或少用。
51．Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share my voluntary experience with you. Last Sunday our class organized an environmental protection activity in the countryside. All the students and teachers in our school took part in it. We went to a village called Yongxing Village, where we worked in two groups. The first group collected the rubbish and the second group distributed leaflets. Besides, we gave a speech on “white pollution” related to the environmental protection.
For the sake of people’s health and happiness, all of us should play a role in protecting the environment.
Have you done any voluntary work recently Looking forward to your sharing.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，上周末去乡村参加了为期一天的环保宣传活动。请给笔友Mike写一封信，介绍这次活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→campaign
参加：take part in→participate in
高兴的：happy→delighted
演讲：speech→lecture
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Have you done any voluntary work recently Looking forward to your sharing.
拓展句：If you have done some voluntary works recently, I am looking forward to your sharing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We went to a village called Yongxing Village, where we worked in two groups. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, we gave a speech on “white pollution” related to the environmental protection. (运用了过去分词作定语)
期末考试 英语试题
总分150分 考试时间120分钟
一、阅读理解（共30分）
The Art Museum of Chicago
Visiting time
The museum is open daily 10:30 am - 5:00 pm. The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year’s Day.
Highlights (亮点）of the Art Museum
American Art
Discover how artists have expressed many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection.
Impressionism: Monet, Degas, Renoir and More
Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life as you view one of the most admired collections of French Impressionism in the world.
Hidden Histories
Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another.
For families with children
It is free for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18, and the Art Museum is the perfect place for an outing with the whole family. Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through stories and games.
1．When can you visit the museum
A．On Thanksgiving Day. B．On Christmas Day.
C．On April Fool’s Day. D．On New Year’s Day.
2．Who of the following has to pay for his/her visit
A．A 19- year-old Chicago student. B．A 13-year-old girl.
C．A 17- year-old Chicago girl. D．A 9- year-old pupil.
3．What can people do in the Art Museum of Chicago
A．Tell stories about artists and their artworks.
B．Learn about the color and excitement of 18th-century life.
C．Discover how artists have expressed the African experience.
D．Pay a visit to the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center.
Flocks of hundreds of regent honeyeaters（王吸蜜鸟）could once be spotted all over south-eastern Australia on a regular basis, but today the species is critically endangered, with only 300 believed to exist in the entire world. They were also known for the complexity of their mating songs, but as their numbers started declining, scientists started noticing male regent honeyeaters didn’t even sound like their species anymore. Today, there is enough evidence that regent honeyeaters have forgotten how to sing, which could cause the entire species to go extinct.
At one point, Australian scientists noticed that male regent honeyeaters were imitating（模仿）the songs of other bird species. Some experts believed that the imitation was a purposeful strategy to avoid attacks from their enemies. However, a recent study showed otherwise. Young regent honeyeaters learn their songs from adult members of their species, just like human children learn to speak, but because they are spread so thin in their habitat-they could occupy probably 10 times the size of the UK but are really small in quantity-many males don’t get to listen to the right songs, so they start adopting the tunes of other bird species. The problem is that these aren’t the songs female regent honeyeaters want to hear, so their chances of finding a mate are very slim.
Scientists are now planning to catch wild males that can sing and put them next to caged regent honeyeaters so that the young birds can learn the right song. They then plan to release them into the wild every few years, where they will hopefully be able to attract females and reproduce.
“This study shows how damaging population declines and habitat fragmentation（碎片）might be to this critical process in the life of songbirds,” said Dr Sue Zollinger, an expert in animal communication from Manchester Metropolitan University.
4．Why are regent honeyeaters faced with extinction
A．They are short of food. B．They are incapable of imitation.
C．Their habitats are badly destroyed. D．Male birds fail to sing the right songs.
5．What is paragraph 2 intended to do
A．Analyse the reason. B．Draw a conclusion.
C．Present the problem. D．Add some background.
6．What are scientists doing to help the honeyeaters
A．Broadcasting mating songs to the young birds.
B．Introducing wild birds to teach caged ones.
C．Training them to escape from the enemies.
D．Spreading them in different habitats.
7．Why does the writer mention Dr Sue Zollinger’s words
A．To indicate the difficulty of catching wild birds.
B．To offer some strategies for animal communication.
C．To point out the critical tunes of the bird’s mating songs.
D．To stress the significance of an ideal population per habitat.
After an absence of thirty years, I decided to visit my old school again. I had expected to find changes, but not a completely different building. As I walked up the school drive, I wondered for a moment if I had come to the right address. The dirty red brick houses had been swept away. In its place stood a bright, modern block. A huge expanse of glass extended (延展) across the face of the building, and in front, there was a well-kept lawn (草坪) where there used to be "an untidy gravel (沙石) yard".
I was pleased to find that it was bread time and that the children were all in the playground. This would enable me to meet some members of staff. On entering the building, I was surprised to hear loud laughter coming from what appeared to be the masters' common room. I could not help remembering the teachers in my time, all dressed in black gowns and high collars. And above all, I recalled Mr. Garston whom we had nicknamed "Mr. Ghastly", the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike. I knocked at the common room door and was welcomed by a smiling young man who introduced himself to me as the headmaster. He was dressed casually in a sports jacket, and his cheerful manner, quickly dispelled (驱散) the image of Mr. Ghastly. After I had explained who I was, the headmaster presented me to the teachers all of whom were a little younger than himself, and said he would take me round the school.
Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. Gone were the heavy desks of old with their deeply carved names; gone too, were the dark classrooms with their ink stained, dark brown walls, and their raised platforms for the teachers. The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked. I looked with envy as I remembered how, as a child, I had looked at the blackboard hardly daring to whisper to my neighbor.
8．Which of the following statements is NOT true
A．He had expected that the school had completely changed.
B．In the writer's time, all the teachers were dressed in black gowns and high collars.
C．There was a well-kept lawn in their school when he visited it.
D．An untidy gravel yard had disappeared.
9．"Mr. Ghastly" must be .
A．the writer's teacher B．a serious old man
C．the strict headmaster D．a naughty boy
10．From what is said in the passage it seems clear the writer .
A．disapproved of all the changes that had taken place
B．felt sorry for the children in the school
C．was glad that the school was still the same
D．felt that conditions at the school had improved a lot
Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.
This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy (幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us
Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.
The world of make believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.
11．The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves________.
A．the close connection between man and the fantasy world
B．the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature
C．the fine taste of moviegoers around the world
D．the general existence of the sense of curiosity
12．What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3
A．People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.
B．The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.
C．The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.
D．Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.
13．If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make believe, we will________.
A．fail to appreciate the joy in our lives
B．be confused by the world of make believe
C．miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world
D．be trapped by other worlds existing all around us
14．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To show us the hidden beauty in our world.
B．To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.
C．To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.
D．To discuss the influence of the world of make believe.
二、七选五（共10分）
Believe it or not! We are half way into 2022. Like many people, you probably made a New Year’s decision to finally get fit and stay fit. You got really motivated, bought new workout clothes and got off to a great start. But by April or May, you may have lost your steam. ____15____, they are not always planned out to set you up for success. Are you ready to get started again Here are some tips to help you get back on track with your fitness goals.
Choose realistic goals that are measurable. Can you really achieve the goals you have set for yourself ____16____. To say, “I want to get fit” is too broad ranging and very difficult to assess. Clearly define your goals so that you can recognize when you’ve reached them for both the short and long term.
____17____. What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal Write these down and refer to them often. It is easier to hit a target you can see, plus you are more likely to stick to a plan when it is written down in detail.
Keep a journal. ____18____. Record your exercise duration and if possible your total energy consumption. When things aren’t going to plan, you can look through your journal and make adjustments accordingly.
Find an activity you enjoy. It is difficult to stick to something if you don’t like it. ____19____, and don’t choose only one activity to help you achieve your goals. In fact, cross-training is a great way to condition different muscle groups, as well as preventing boredom.
A．Create a plan of action
B．Know what it is that you want to achieve
C．Whenever possible, stick to a certain activity
D．While New Year’s decisions are well-managed
E．Try a new fitness class or take your workout outdoors
F．Write down everything you eat and what time you eat it
G．If you plan and try to seize every possible chance to achieve your goals
三、完形填空（共30分）
When our self-confidence is low, we sometimes tend to believe what others think of us. We do not have the confidence in ourselves ___20___ we have to believe in others. One individual who has ___21___ to accept others’ beliefs is Les Brown.
It ___22___ when he was just a baby. He was put up for adoption.___23___ he was adopted by a woman, Ms Mamie Brown. She was a single parent, had limited ___24___ resources, and little education, but she had a big heart. She ___25___ Les and his twin brother.
As Les was ___26___, he encountered difficulties in school. He was incorrectly labeled as a “___27___ learner”. When that label is put on a child, it ___28___ a child’s self-esteem. However, Les was ___29___. He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be. He had big dreams. He had no ___30___ education beyond high school, yet he had determination and was very persistent. He ___31___ his education by self-education.
Today he is a very ___32___ professional speaker and author. He is a(n)___33___ of someone who has overcome other people’s beliefs. In his videos and tapes, he ___34___ confidence. He told his story and ___35___ he overcame the challenges in his life. Listening to him speak, and listening to him laugh, which is ___36___ infectious, we can see that he is very motivating and inspiring.
Remember the words wisdom ___37___ Les Brown, “You cannot expect to achieve new goals or move beyond your present circumstances unless you ___38___”. For those who have low self-confidence, start reading about the Les Browns of the world. Many people have so much more ___39___ than where they are right now. If you have a dream, then start today to move yourself towards it.
20．A．until B．because C．so D．though
21．A．refused B．agreed C．preferred D．intended
22．A．continued B．started C．ended D．stopped
23．A．Unfortunately B．Strangely C．Surprisingly D．Thankfully
24．A．financial B．cultural C．historical D．political
25．A．educated B．protected C．treated D．adopted
26．A．growing up B．going ahead C．looking around D．walking about
27．A．quick B．modern C．popular D．slow
28．A．establishes B．damages C．explains D．respects
29．A．determined B．embarrassed C．frightened D．disappointed
30．A．formal B．personal C．physical D．natural
31．A．increased B．designed C．furthered D．prepared
32．A．wealthy B．successful C．grateful D．careful
33．A．symbol B．example C．record D．opinion
34．A．improved B．expressed C．preserved D．recognized
35．A．when B．why C．how D．where
36．A．slightly B．occasionally C．certainly D．eventually
37．A．by B．with C．on D．Against
38．A．change B．apologize C．succeed D．participate
39．A．admiration B．ambition C．adventure D．potential
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On my trip to Dunhuang, Gansu province in December, I had an exciting experience of ____40____(explore) Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) in Dunhuang with 735 caves ____41____(build) by believers from 366 to the Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368).
The guide ____42____ (random) opened one of the old caves at Mogao Grottoes and curious tourists began a journey of mystery. Following ____43____tiny points of light from the guide’s small flashlight (手电筒), we learned stories of the past from the Buddhist statues and murals (壁画) in the darkness.
Some wall paintings represented musicians playing Chinese instruments, as well as complex gestures of dancers at parties in an ancient royal court. Others showed interesting and exciting scenes of hunting in the ____44____ (wood). The statues—even those ____45____ faces had turned black, and some having lost an arm or two to natural weathering(自然风化)—didn’t stop the solemn (庄严的) power.
Thanks ____46____ its being the off-season, my group was able to see 12 caves. Tourists, however, ____47____ (allow) to see a maximum of eight caves during peak season. When I ____48____ (come) out from the three-hour exploration, I was amazed that I had bought ____49____ (vary) souvenirs, which help preserve the memory and feel of the place.
五、短文改错（共10分）
50．假定英语课课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Monday, we hold a monitor election during our class meeting. Two students in our class took part the event. They are Liu Dong and Wang Hong, all of whom are the top students in our grade. Before the election, they each gave a briefly presentation about their plan after become the monitor. At the last, the winner turned out to be Wang Hong, who gained 28 votes when Liu Dong gained 15. Obviously, we thought Wang Hong’s plan a good one. In the end, we gave Wang Hong a big hand but congratulated her. I expect that our class will be better under his leadership.
六、作文（共25分）
51．假定你是李华，上周末去乡村参加了为期一天的环保宣传活动。请给笔友Mike写一封信，介绍这次活动。内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语期末考试 答案解析：
1．C 2．A 3．D
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了芝加哥艺术博物馆的有关信息，包括其开放时间、博物馆艺术特点等。
1．细节理解题。文中第一段提到“The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year’s Day.”博物馆及其商店会在感恩节、圣诞节、新年当天关闭，因此可以在愚人节进行参观。C项符合题意，故选C。
2．细节理解题。文中最后一段第一句提到“It is free for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18”对于14岁以下的小孩以及18岁以下的芝加哥籍青少年都是免费的。A项符合文意，故选A。
3．细节理解题。文中倒数第二段提到“Hear stories about artists and their artworks”参观者可以听到著名艺术家的故事以及他们的作品，而不是讲述，故A项错误。第三段提到“Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life”参观者可以学习到19世纪色彩的使用而不是18世纪，故B项错误。文中第二段提到“Discover how artists have expressed many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection.”参观者可以了解到艺术家是如何从不同方面展示美国，而不是非洲，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center,”参观者可以参观Ryan教育中心的合家欢空间，D项符合题意，故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明王吸蜜鸟已经忘记了如何唱歌，这可能会导致整个物种灭绝。科学家们分析了其中的原因，并在尝试帮助它们解决这个问题。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Today, there is enough evidence that regent honeyeaters have forgotten how to sing, which could cause the entire species to go extinct.”（今天，有足够的证据表明王吸蜜鸟已经忘记了如何唱歌，这可能会导致整个物种灭绝。）和第二段最后一句“The problem is that these aren’t the songs female regent honeyeaters want to hear, so their chances of finding a mate are very slim.”（问题是这些不是雌性王吸蜜鸟想听到的歌声，所以它们找到配偶的机会非常渺茫。）可知，因为雄性王吸蜜鸟唱不出正确的歌，所以王吸蜜鸟面临灭绝。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“At one point, Australian scientists noticed that male regent honeyeaters were imitating（模仿）the songs of other bird species.”（有一次，澳大利亚科学家注意到雄性王吸蜜鸟在模仿其他鸟类的叫声。）可知，第二段是为了分析为什么王吸蜜鸟忘记了如何唱歌。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据倒第二段第一句“Scientists are now planning to catch wild males that can sing and put them next to caged regent honeyeaters so that the young birds can learn the right song. ”（科学家们现在计划捕捉会唱歌的野生雄鸟，把它们放在笼子里的王吸蜜鸟旁边，这样雏鸟就能学会正确的鸣叫声。）可知，科学家们引进野生雄鸟教笼子里的王吸蜜鸟唱歌来帮助王吸蜜鸟。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This study shows how damaging population declines and habitat fragmentation（碎片）might be to this critical process in the life of songbirds（这项研究显示了种群减少和栖息地破碎化对鸣禽生命的这一关键过程的破坏性）”可知，作者提到Sue Zollinger博士的话是为了强调每个栖息地的理想种群数量的重要性。故选D。
8．A 9．C 10．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者重新回到以前的学校，发现学校发生了很多的变化，和记忆中的完全不一样了。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I had expected to find changes, but not a completely different building.(我预期到会发现一些变化，但不是一个完全不同的建筑)”可知，作者想到学校会有变化，但是没有想到学校完全变成另一个样子，所以A项陈述与原文意思不符。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“And above all, I recalled Mr. Garston whom we had nicknamed "Mr. Ghastly", the headmaster who had iron discipline on staff and pupils alike.(最重要的是，我想起了加斯顿先生，我们给他起了个绰号“盖斯利先生”，他是一位对教职工和学生都有严格纪律的校长)”可知，盖斯利先生对待员工和学生都有严格的纪律，因此他是一位严格的校长。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Here the biggest surprise of all was in store for me. Gone were the heavy desks of old with their deeply carved names; gone too, were the dark classrooms with their ink stained, dark brown walls, and their raised platforms for the teachers. The rooms now were painted in bright colors, and the children, far from sitting straight in their places, seemed almost free to do as they liked.(在这里，最大的惊喜在等待着我。过去那些刻着深刻名字的笨重桌子不见了；漆黑的教室也不见了，墨迹斑斑，黑褐色的墙壁，高高的讲台也不见了。现在房间都漆成了鲜艳的颜色，孩子们非但没有端坐在自己的位置上，似乎还可以按自己的喜欢的方式坐着)”可推断，和以前相比，学校现在的条件提高了很多。故选D。
11．D 12．B 13．A 14．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章依托指环王和现实世界比较，告诫我们周围的世界才是我们生活的一部分，说明作者是想警告我们不能迷失在奇幻世界中。
11．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. (人类自然而然地被其他生命形式和我们自己之外的世界所吸引)”和第二段中的“This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy (幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. (这种惊奇感是普遍存在的。看看科学家们为查明火星上是否存在某种生命所做的努力，以及奇幻文学或《指环王》等电影的流行程度)”可知，人类具有好奇心，普遍会被其他生命形式和我们自己之外的世界所吸引，提及The Lord of the Rings就是为了证明人的好奇心是普遍存在的。故选D项。
12．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Without modern technology small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen. (如果没有现代技术，小池塘可能会是一个充满奇异而美丽的植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物的神奇世界。当我们与周围的世界缺乏有意义的互动时，有时甚至与我们的家人和朋友缺乏互动时，我们会试图理解和交流那些只存在于我们的想象或电脑屏幕上的东西)”可知，当我们不用现代技术，和外界世界进行有意义的交互时，我们会回归事物本身，发现它们的美丽，会觉得一个小池塘也是一个令人惊奇的世界，身边的事物也是奇迹，画线句言外之意就是“我们周围的世界可以成为奇迹的源泉”。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. (但当幻想世界成为我们惊奇感的唯一出口时，我们真的错过了一些东西。我们正在失去与生活世界的联系。我们周围还有其他奇妙的世界)”可知，生活中还有其他有趣的东西，如果依赖幻想世界，我们就无法欣赏生活中的快乐。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own. (但当幻想世界成为我们惊奇感的唯一出口时，我们真的错过了一些东西。我们正在失去与生活世界的联系。我们周围还有其他奇妙的世界。但更有趣的是，如果我们仔细观察，我们可以看到，从广义上讲，这些世界实际上是我们自己的一部分)”可知，如果依赖幻想世界，我们就无法欣赏生活中的快乐，我们周围的世界才是我们生活的一部分，说明作者是想警告我们不能迷失在奇幻世界中。故选B项。
15．D 16．B 17．A 18．F 19．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何帮助人们回到健身目标的轨道上给出一些建议。
15．上文“Like many people, you probably made a New Year’s decision to finally get fit and stay fit. (像很多人一样，你可能在新年做出了一个决定，最终要健身并保持健康。)”和“But by April or May, you may have lost your steam. (但是到了4月或5月，你可能会失去动力。)”说明新年伊始，人们决定要健身，但是不能坚持到底，总是半途而废，选项D“虽然新年的决定计划得很好”承接上文，引出下文“they are not always planned out to set you up for success. (它们并不总是为你的成功而计划的。)”对上文做出总结，虽然计划的挺好，但是不能成功。故选D项。
16．上文“Choose realistic goals that are measurable. Can you really achieve the goals you have set for yourself (选择可衡量的现实目标。你真的能实现你为自己设定的目标吗？)”建议要设定切合实际的目标，选项B“知道你想要达到的目标是什么”承接上文，继续说明要明确目标。故选B项。
17．下文“What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal Write these down and refer to them often. It is easier to hit a target you can see, plus you are more likely to stick to a plan when it is written down in detail. (你打算采取什么步骤来实现你的目标？把这些写下来，经常参考。更容易实现你看得见的目标，而且当计划被详细地写下来时，你更有可能坚持下去。)”建议把目标计划的步骤写下来，选项A“制定行动计划”概括本段大意，建议制定行动计划。故选A项。
18．上文“Keep a journal. (写日记。)”建议写日记，选项F“写下你吃的所有东西和吃东西的时间”承接上文，建议写日记的具体内容。故选F项。
19．上文“Find an activity you enjoy. (找一项你喜欢的活动。)”建议找一项自己喜欢的健身活动，选项E“尝试新的健身课程或到户外锻炼”给出具体的人们可能喜欢的健身活动，引出下文“and don’t choose only one activity to help you achieve your goals.( 不要只选择一项活动来帮助你实现目标。)”与之并列。故选E项。
20．C 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．A 39．D
【分析】本文是一篇励志文章。文章讲述了Les Brown没有相信别人对自己的错误看法，始终坚信梦想，最终走向了成功的故事。
20．C考查连词。因为我们对自己不信任，所以我们不得不相信其他人。until 直到， because 因为， so 所以， though尽管。
21．A 考查动词。由下文内容可知Les Brown拒绝接受别人的信念。refused拒绝，agreed 同意， preferred偏爱， intended打算。
22．B 考查动词。他还是一个婴儿时，就开始了。continued 继续， started开始， ended 结束， stopped停止。
23．D 考查副词。由but she had a big heart. 可知他的养母有宽阔的胸怀，所以对于他来说，是很感激地。Unfortunately 不幸地， Strangely 奇怪地， Surprisingly 惊人地，Thankfully感激地。
24．A 考查形容词。由She was a single parent,可知她的经济条件有限。financial 财政的，cultural 文化的， historical 历史的，political政治的。
25．D考查动词。由 4 he was adopted by a woman, 可知她收养了Les 和他的双胞胎兄弟。educated 教育，protected 保护， treated对待， adopted收养。
26．A 考查动词短语。随着Les的长大，他在学校遇到了困难。growing up长大， going ahead 继续前进，looking around 环顾四周， walking about走来走去。
27．D 考查形容词。由When that label is put on a child, it 9 a child’s self-esteem.可知他被错误地贴上“迟钝的学习者”的标签。 quick 迅速的， modern 现代的， popular 受欢迎的，slow迟钝的。
28．B 考查动词。由He was incorrectly labeled as a “ 8 learner”. 可知这种标签会伤害孩子的自尊。establishes 建立， damages 伤害，explains 解释， respects尊敬。
29．A 考查形容词。由He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be.可判断出Les非常的坚定。determined坚定的， embarrassed 尴尬的， frightened 害怕的， disappointed失望的。
30．A 考查形容词。由He 12 his education by self-education.可知他接受正式的教育没有超过高中。formal 正式的，personal 个人的， physical 身体的， natural自然的。
31．C 考查动词。他通过自学来促进自己教育的提高。increased 增长， designed 设计，furthered 促进， prepared准备。
32．B 考查形容词。由He is a(n) 14 of someone who has overcome other people’s beliefs.可知如今他是一名非常成功的专业演讲者和作家。wealthy 富有的， successful 成功的，grateful 感谢的， careful小心的。
33．B 考查名词。由Today he is a very 13 professional speaker and author.可知他是战胜别人信仰的一个榜样人物。 symbol 符号，example 榜样， record 记录，opinion观点。
34．B 考查动词。在他的视频和磁带中，他表示了自信。improved 改进，expressed 表示，preserved保存， recognized意识到。
35．C 考查语义理解。他讲述了自己的故事，并且说明了自己是如何战胜生活中的挑战的。when 当……时， why 为什么， how 如何，where在哪里。
36．C 考查副词。听了他的演讲，听到他的笑声，这些当然都是有感染力的，我们可以看到他是一个非常励志和积极的人。slightly 轻微地， occasionally 偶尔， certainly当然，eventually最后。
37．A 考查介词。记得由Les Brown说的至理名言。 by 由， with 随着，on 在……上，Against反对。
38．A 考查动词。你不要期待着达到新的目标，或者超越现状，除非你去改变，change改变，apologize 道歉， succeed 成功， participate参加。
39．D 考查语义理解。许多人比现状更有潜力。admiration 赞赏， ambition 雄心，adventure 冒险， potential潜能。
40．exploring 41．built 42．randomly 43．the 44．woods 45．whose 46．to 47．are allowed 48．came 49．various##varied
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在 12 月份去敦煌旅行的经历。文章旨在引导学生关注祖国的大好河山。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我12月去甘肃敦煌的旅行中，我有一次激动人心的经历，我探索了敦煌莫高窟，那里有735个洞穴，是由信徒从366年到元朝(1271-1368年)建造的。设空处在句中作非谓语，位于介词 of 后，应用动名词形式。故填exploring。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语caves 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。
42．考查副词。句意：导游随机打开了莫高窟的一个老洞，好奇的游客们开始了一段神秘之旅。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用random的副词形式修饰动词opened。故填randomly
43．考查冠词。句意：随着导游的小手电筒发出的微小光点，我们在黑暗中从佛像和壁画中了解了过去的故事。结合句意，此处特指导游的小手电筒发出的小小的光点，应用定冠词。故填the。
44．考查名词。句意：另一些则展示了在森林里打猎的有趣而激动人心的场景。设空处应为名词在句中作宾语，再根据“hunting(打猎)”可知，此处应是在森林里，应用wood 的复数形式表示“森林”。故填woods。
45．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这些雕像——甚至那些脸已经变黑，有些因为自然风化而失去了一两只胳膊的雕像——并没有阻止那庄严的力量。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词faces。故填whose。
46．考查介词。句意：由于是淡季，我的团队能够看到12个洞穴。根据“my group was able to see 12 caves(我的团队能够看到12个洞穴)”可知，逗号前的内容表示原因。thanks to 意为“因为；幸亏”，为固定搭配。故填to。
47．考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：不过，游客在旺季最多只能参观8个洞穴。设空处在句中作谓语，主语Tourists和allow之间为动宾关系，根据“during peak season(在旺季)”可知，此处叙述的是通常的情况，故空处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are allowed。
48．考查谓语动词。句意：当我从三个小时的探险中出来时，我惊讶地发现我买到了各种各样的纪念品，这些纪念品有助于保存对这个地方的记忆和感觉。分析句子结构可知，空处为when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词，根据主句中“was”可知，从句也应用一般过去时与主句保持一致。故填came。
49．考查形容词。句意见上题解析。根据空后名词“souvenirs(纪念品)”可知，空处应用形容词various或者varied修饰名词。故填various或者varied。
50．第一句 hold改成held
第二句 part后面加上in
第三句 all改成both
第四句 briefly改成brief；become改成becoming
第五句 第一个the去掉；when改成while
第六句 good改成better
第七句 but改成and
第八句 his改成her
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周一我们班进行了班长选举。王红和刘冬进行了竞选，最后王红胜出，我们对她表示祝贺，并希望我们班在她的带领下越来越好。
【详解】第一处：考查谓语动词时态。根据时间last Monday（上周一），可知动作发生在过去，谓语动词应该用过去时，故将hold改成held。
第二处：考查固定词组。句意：我们班两个学生参加了这个竞选。take part in，参加﹍，为固定词组，故在part之后加in。
第三处：考查代词。all和both都意为“都”，但是两者之间有区别。both指的是两者之间，all指的是三者或者三者以上。此处是指的是王红和刘冬两个人，故用both，而不用all，故将all改成both。
第四处：考查形容词。此处要用形容词修饰名词presentation，不能用副词，故将briefly改成brief。
第五处：考查动名词。after为介词，其后面跟动名词做宾语，故将become改成becoming。
第六处：考查固定搭配。at last，“最后”，为固定词组。题中的the是多余的，故将the去掉。
第七处：考查连词。句意：最后，王红以28票获胜，而刘冬获得了15票。when和while都可做并列连词，但是意思有不同之处。when表示“在那时”，while表示“而”。根据句意可知此处用while而不用when，故将when改成while。
第八处：考查形容词的比较级。结合语境可知，此处是将王红的计划和刘冬的计划进行比较，王红的计划比较好，故用good的比较级形式，故将good改成better。
第九处：考察连词。句意：最后，我们给了王红一个拥抱，并祝贺她。根据句意可知“gave Wang Hong a big hand”和“congratulated her”是动作的并列关系，而非转折关系，故将but改成and。
第十处：考查形容词性物主代词。根据上文congratulated her可知王红是个女生，且此处指的是在王红的带领下我们的班级将会变得更好。故将his改成her。
【点睛】短文改错常考总结：
1、谓语动词的错误是考试的重点和热点，常见错误类型有：①时态使用错误；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
例如第一处将hold改成held，考查的是谓语动词的时态。
2、名词的常见错误：①名词单复数错用；②可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3、冠词错误：①a和an之间的错用（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；②a/an和the之间的错用（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）
例如第二处在part之后加the，考查固定搭配。第六处去掉the，也属于考查固定搭配。
4、形容词和副词错误：①系动词后用形容词；②词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词、副词还有句子）。
例如第四处将briefly改成brief，属于词性的误用。
5、代词错误：①代词的主格和宾格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）错误；②反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；③代词的单数和复数使用错误；④代词指代错误，例如性别使用错误；⑤多代词或少代词。
例如第十处将his改成her，属于性别使用错误。
6、非谓语动词的常见错误：①不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；②and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；③介词后用动名词形式作宾语；④某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。⑤现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式使用错误。
例如第五处将become改成becoming，考查的是非谓语中的动名词。
7、介词错误：①固定词组中的介词误用；②介词意思理解偏差；③介词的多用或少用。
51．Dear Mike,
I’m happy to share my voluntary experience with you. Last Sunday our class organized an environmental protection activity in the countryside. All the students and teachers in our school took part in it. We went to a village called Yongxing Village, where we worked in two groups. The first group collected the rubbish and the second group distributed leaflets. Besides, we gave a speech on “white pollution” related to the environmental protection.
For the sake of people’s health and happiness, all of us should play a role in protecting the environment.
Have you done any voluntary work recently Looking forward to your sharing.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，上周末去乡村参加了为期一天的环保宣传活动。请给笔友Mike写一封信，介绍这次活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
活动：activity→campaign
参加：take part in→participate in
高兴的：happy→delighted
演讲：speech→lecture
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Have you done any voluntary work recently Looking forward to your sharing.
拓展句：If you have done some voluntary works recently, I am looking forward to your sharing.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We went to a village called Yongxing Village, where we worked in two groups. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, we gave a speech on “white pollution” related to the environmental protection. (运用了过去分词作定语)
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