北师大版（2019）必修第一册综合测试（含解析）

北师大版必修第一册综合测试
(考试时间： 120 分钟 试卷满分： 150 分)
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考 证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4 ．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共 30 分，略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Profile pictures
Definition(定义)
A profile picture is the image that represents a social media account in all its interactions across a platform. Profile pictures are displayed next to the account name on posts, comments and mentions, depending on the platform.
Profile pictures make a visual impact on social media users and potential customers, making it important for business to select the right image. For a company, a profile picture should be the best part of that brand’s image (品牌形象), usually combining their logos.
How to select a profile picture
Profile pictures should be easily recognizable as belonging to your business. While using an independent logo is the most common strategy, some brands use a lifestyle image that includes their logo.
Other brands rely more on a person — a recognizable “face of the brand” . If this is your marketing strategy, your profile image should be creative and attractive:
● Use professional photography and design.
● Colorful images are better at catching people’s eyes.
● Photos should be taken in bright light.
● Show a smiling face.
If you have multiple social media outlets, use the same profile picture on every platform to create a
consistent brand image.
Above all, use high-quality images. Keep in mind a few basic rules:
● Images should be clear.
● Make images simple and visually striking.
● Always meet the platform’s image size requirements.
If the platform allows, add a description to your profile picture that includes links to your website.
1 ．Why is it important for business to choose a correct profile picture
A ．It is equal to a brand’s image.
B ．It stands for a social media platform.
C ．It has a visual impact on potential customers.
D ．It becomes a necessity for the business.
2 ．Which one will you choose if your business depends on “face of the brand”
A ．A professional cartoon image.
B ．A family photo of your team.
C ．A well designed black-and-white photo.
D ．A photo of a spokesperson with a confident smile .
3 ．Where can this text be found
A ．In a textbook. B ．In a business plan.
C ．In an academic report. D ．In a business website.
B
If you had to choose one word to describe Kevin, it might be “slow.” He didn’t learn his ABCs as fast as other kids. He never came first in the schoolyard races. However, his smile was bright and he showed great interest in everything. So when discovering that Randy was putting together a boys’ basketball team, Kevin immediately joined.
At practice, Kevin worked so hard that you’d have thought he was preparing for the NBA ．And the whole team truly loved basketball. But just loving the game doesn’t help you win. They lost every game that season by very large margin(差距), except one …that night it snowed and the other team couldn’t make it to the game.
At the end of the season, the boys unfortunately played against the first-place team. The game went pretty much as expected, and near the middle of the fourth quarter Kevin’s team stood nearly 30 points behind. At that point, one of Kevin’s teammates called time-out. “Coach, this is our last game but Kevin has never made a basket. We should let him try,” said the boy. With the game completely out of reach, the idea seemed reasonable. So
every time Kevin’s team had the ball, they would give it to Kevin. His first shot missed and he missed another
shot again. This continued a few more times until the player from the other team grew wise. Instead of running off down the court, he threw the ball to Kevin who shot... and missed again.
Soon, all players were circling Kevin, throwing the ball to him. The whole gymnasium thundered with the clapping, chanting, “Kevin! Kevin!” Finally, after amounts of tries, the ball went in. Kevin’s arms shot high into the air and he shouted, “I won! I won!” The first-place team remained unbeaten, but on that evening, everyone left the game truly feeling like a winner.
4 ．What helped Kevin’s team “win” one game that season
A ．Their improved skills. B ．Kevin’s hard work.
C ．The other team’s absence. D ．The pleasant weather.
5 ．Why did one of Kevin’s teammates call time-out
A ．To get their coach’s directions. B ．To give Kevin a chance to shoot.
C ．To have a break and gather strength. D ．To discuss strategies to win the game.
6 ．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A ．Kevin’s team failed due to his bad skills. B ．Kevin’s teammates were all experienced.
C ．The first-place team lost the game in the end.D ．All players and audience gave Kevin encouragement.
7 ．Which of the following best describes Kevin
A ．Positive. B ．Generous. C ．Independent. D ．Creative.
C
December is a “big deal” in Sweden and Finland not only because of Christmas, but because Saint Lucia’s Day is on Dec. 13. Starting in kindergarten and continuing all throughout high school, on this day one lucky girl is selected to be “Saint Lucia” . For many girls, this is a big deal, though I personally really fear being picked and much prefer being one of Lucia’s handmaids(侍女).
It is not certain how the Saint Lucia tradition found its way to Sweden, and then also to Finland. The legend of Saint Lucia is known in most European countries, and has its roots in Italy. It is thought that during a time when the rulers of the land did not approve of Christianity(基督教), a woman named Lucia decided to try and spread the word of God and help the poor. Lucia was put on trial, and when she refused to give up her belief, she was sentenced to being burned. But when the guards tried to light the fire, it would not light. Unfortunately, this did not save Lucia, who at last was killed by a knife.
No one knows exactly how this legend has changed into the unique Swedish tradition today, but there are certainly some factors that can be recognized. Saint Lucia, a girl dressed in a long white dress with a crown of candles in her hair, brings light and good spirit to everybody, lightening up the cold December weather.
Both in Sweden and Finland, Saint Lucia is a nationally celebrated tradition. The people of the city or town
can then vote for their favorite girl out of several candidates, and the winner is crowned on December 13th together with her entourage (随从). This year, 18-year-old high school student Elin Anderson was crowned Lucia, and following her coronation (加冕礼) she will appear at around 80 different events over the next month in her role as “a bringer of light” .
8 ．Which of the following is TRUE about the Saint Lucia’s Day
A ．It originated from an Asian country.
B ．It is celebrated in Sweden and Finland.
C ．All the girls hoped to be selected to be a “Saint Lucia” .
D ．All the girls take part in the celebration of the tradition.
9 ．To spread the belief of Christianity, Lucia __________.
A ．donated her money to the poor. B ．was severely punished by the rulers.
C ．was burnt to death by the rulers. D ．won the crown.
10 ．If you are lucky to be selected to be Lucia, you can do the following except __________.
A ．take part in various events. B ．wear special costumes.
C ．act as “a bringer of light” . D ．take charge of the coronation.
11 ．What is the text mainly about
A ．Different ways to celebrate Saint Lucia’s Day.
B ．Different versions of the legend of Saint Lucia.
C ．Saint Lucia’s Day—A traditional Swedish festival.
D ．How the Saint Lucia tradition found its way to Sweden.
D
Though the Tokyo Olympic Games closed on Aug 8, the public is still watching the athletes. The technologies that helped them in the competition have attracted people’s attention.
Su Bingtian is the first Chinese sprinter(短跑运动员) to reach an Olympic 100 final, setting an Asian record of 9. 83 seconds in his semi-final. “It takes Su 47 steps to run 100 meters. Each step is very important,” a member of Su’s training team said. “Randy Huntington, Su’s American coach and a biomechanics(生物力学) expert in track and field, has collected a lot of data on outstanding sprinters and built a database. He put in all of Su’s data and got a best model. When Su is training, the team uses high-speed cameras to record his training and compares it with the model to find out his weaknesses.”
Technology is also useful in table tennis. On July 27, the semifinal match between China’s Sun Yingsha and Japan’s Mima Ito was going on intensely in Tokyo. You wouldn’t have guessed that a power AI platform was
monitoring the match. At an average speed of 100 Mbps, the data was sent to technical team of the Zhejiang
University Table Tennis Intelligent Big Data Analysis Platform,2,442 kilometers away from Tokyo.
The platform has stored the data of more than 8, 000 matches so far. The research team has been working on match simulation(模拟) since 2018. “Using big data and AI, we can exactly simulate and predict how the winning rate will change when players change certain tactics(策略).” Professor Wu Yingcai said.
The Tokyo Olympic Games have seen not only scientific support in training, but many newly developed and cutting-edge technologies in athletes’ devices. For example, the Kenya women’s volleyball team’s GPS devices collected data on each player’s strength, heart rate and so on to coaches, who used the information to prevent injury and design training plans for each individual.
12 ．According to Su Bingtian’s training team, what is important for his better achievement
A ．His outstanding talent. B ．His coach’s active encouragement.
C ．His scientific training. D ．Support from other sprinters.
13 ．What is the advantage of match simulation according to Wu Yingcai
A ．Players can know their own disadvantages.
B ．It helps players improve their winning chance.
C ．It helps coaches collect lots of data.
D ．Players can study other players’ skills.
14 ．What does the underlined word “cutting-edge” in the last paragraph mean
A ．Advanced. B ．Expensive. C ．International. D ．Necessary.
15 ．What does the article mainly talk about
A ．The ways athletes prepared for the Tokyo Olympics.
B ．The excellent athletes winning at the Tokyo Olympics.
C ．The wonderful moments of the Tokyo Olympics.
D ．Technologies helping athletes at the Tokyo Olympics.
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life is like a road. There are long and short roads; smooth and rocky roads; crooked and straight paths.
__ 16__ There are roads to happiness as there are roads to sadness, roads towards victory and delight, and roads leading to defeat and disappointment.
__ 17__ There are no guarantees. This is one of the most important thing you need to realize about life.
Nobody said that choosing to do the right thing all the time would always lead you to happiness. Loving someone with all your heart does not guarantee that it would be returned. Gaining fame and fortune does not
guarantee happiness. Accepting a good word from an influential superior to cut your trip short up the career ladder
is not always bad, especially if you are highly qualified and competent. There are too many possible outcomes, which you really cannot control. __ 18__ Since life offers no guarantee and you would never know that your decision would be wrong until you have made it, then you might as well take the risk and decide. It is definitely better than keeping yourself in limbo(中间状态). __ 19__ It is all a matter ofperspective(客观判断力). You have the choice between being a lost traveler or an accidental tourist of life. But take caution that you do not make decisions haphazardly(随意地). __20__
A ．But do not regret it whatever the outcome.
B ．Taking risks is not about being careless and stupid.
C ．You do not really know where a road will lead you until you take it.
D ．In our life many roads would come to our way as we journey through life.
E ．Now that you have made a decision, be ready to face its consequences: good and bad.
F ．The only thing you have power over is the decisions that you will make, and how you would act and react to different situations.
G ．Although it is true that one wrong turn could get you lost, it could also be that such a turn could be an opportunity for an adventure; moreover, it may open up more roads.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so __21__ a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some __22__ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams __23__ trained. Through the first two games, her __24__ did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I __25__ seeing my daughter playing her best, __26__ still defeated.
It seemed that something clicked with the __27__ between Saturday and Sunday. When they __28__ for their Sunday game, they were __29__ different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had __30__ the day before into their __31__. They played aggressively and even scored a goal.
It __32__ me that playing against the other team was a great __33__ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. __34__ is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be __35__ what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out
on their own.
21 ．A ．won B ．entered C ．organized D ．watched
22 ．A ．painful B ．strange C ．common D ．practical
23 ．A ．less B ．poorly C ．newly D ．better
24 ．A ．fans B ．tutors C． class D． team
25 ．A ．imagined B ．hated C． avoided D． missed
26 ．A ．if B ．or C． but D． as
27 ．A ．girls B ．parents C． coaches D． viewers
28 ．A ．dressed B ．showed up C． made up D． planned
29 ．A ．slightly B ．hardly C． basically D． completely
30 ．A ．seen B ．known C． heard D． read
31 ．A ．styles B ．training C． game D． rules
32 ．A ．confused B ．struck C． reminded D． warned
33 ．A ．touching B ．thinking C． encouraging D． learning
34 ．A ．Experience B ．Independence C． Curiosity D． Interest
35 ．A ．harmful to B ．mixed with C． 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 different from 15 分) D． applied to
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m your principal, Mr Xu at senior high school. I can’t wait ___36___ (describe) to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads ___37___ a world full of ___38___ (challenge) but when you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy ___39___ (person) growth. Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential, ___40___ is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.
To ___41___ (full) realize your potential, ___42___ is important for you to make the most of our school resources. Of equal importance ___43___ (be) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. Last but not ___44___ (little), always look on the bright side and never lose hope, even in difficult situations.
You need to make a continuous effort to train your mind and develop your character. Senior high school will help you learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for ____45____ (realize) your great potential. Be confident, do your best and make us proud!
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46．假定你是李华， 你的英国笔友 Leslie 最近来中国某中学交换学习， 她来信告诉你她不知道如何跟新同 学相处，请你给她回一封信，内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 具体建议及理由；
3. 表达个人期待。
_______________________________
第二节(满分 25 分)
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dick was trying to remember an experience to tell in this narrative when suddenly Dick remembered this. It was a funny and true experience. Now when Dick thinks of it, he laughs a lot, but when it happened, he was really frightened.
Once when Dick was a child—maybe eight years old—he had a frightening experience. He was in his house with all his family. He cannot remember when it happened very well, but it was possibly on New Year’s Eve. They were going to have a big supper and he was very happy because he liked to eat a lot.
Besides, he hadn’t eaten for a long time.(A long time for him might be one or two hours.) Therefore, he was starving. He became very angry, because he saw his mother and his father talking for a long time. This made him angry, because he didn’t want to wait any longer. Moreover, it was time for supper. Weren’t they starving “Mom, what happened with the food ” he asked. Then she looked at him seriously and said, “You need more patience, my honey.”
“Yes,” he replied, “I need to be patient. But I can’t be patient today, because I am starving.”
Time passed, and finally dinner was on the table. The first dish was “puchero” . Puchero is one of his favorite dishes. This dish has chicken, rice, vegetables, and pork. It is also a very hot dish, so usually they need to wait at least half an hour before they start to eat. They can enjoy its taste better when it’s not so hot. Nevertheless, when he saw it on the table, he got a spoon and started to eat quickly. In a moment, his face was red, and he had a strange feeling in his tongue. He had burned it. Immediately, he shouted in pain, and his mother asked him, “What is the matter ” “Mom, help me! I think my tongue is going to fall off!” he screamed hard.
注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右：
2.请按如下格式作答。
“Don’t worry, my child. Your father is going to take you to the hospital,” said his mother.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
“Open your mouth,” the doctor said after he heard the father’s words.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1 ．C 2 ．D 3 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是个人资料图片，以及如何选择个人资料图片。
1．细节理解题。根据 Definition 部分第二段中“Profile pictures make a visual impact on social media users and potential customers, making it important for business to select the right image.(个人资料图片会对社交媒体用户 和潜在客户产生视觉影响，因此企业选择正确的形象非常重要。 )”可知，企业选择正确的个人资料图片很 重要是因为对潜在客户有视觉影响。故选 C 项。
2．推理判断题。根据 How to select a profile picture 部分中“Other brands rely more on a person — a recognizable ‘face of the brand’ . If this is your marketing strategy, your profile image should be creative and attractive: ... ● Show a smiling face.(其他品牌更多地依赖于一个人——一个可识别的“品牌形象”。如果这是你的营销策略， 你的个人资料形象应该具有创造性和吸引力： ……● 露出笑脸。 )”可推知，如果您的业务取决于“品牌形 象”，您会选择一张带着微笑的代言人的照片。故选 D 项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ifthe platform allows, add a description to your profile picture that includes links to your website.(如果平台允许，请在您的个人资料图片中添加包含网站链接的描述。 )”可推知，在商
业网站中可以找到本文。故选 D 项。
4 ．C 5 ．B 6 ．D 7 ．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了主人公凯文学东西比很多小孩都慢， 但是他总是充满了兴趣。他
加入了一支篮球队，在后来的比赛当中，队员们都将球传给凯文，鼓励他进球。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“They lost every game that season by very large margin(差距), except one …that night it snowed and the other team couldn’t make it to the game.(那个赛季他们以很大的差距输掉了每一场比 赛，除了一场……那天晚上下雪了，另一个队没能赶上比赛。 )”可知，他们仅赢的一场比赛是因为对手没 有参加比赛。故选 C 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段的“At that point, one of Kevin’s teammates called time-out. “Coach, this is our last game but Kevin has never made a basket. We should let him try,” said the boy.(这时，凯文的一个队友叫了暂停。 “教练，这是我们最后一场比赛了，但是凯文从来没有投进过球。我们应该让他试试， ”男孩说。 )”可知， 凯文的队友想给凯文投进球的机会。故选 B 项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“So every time Kevin’s team had the ball, they would give it to Kevin. His first shot missed and he missed another shot again. This continued a few more times until the player from the other team grew wise. Instead of running off down the court, he threw the ball to Kevin who shot... and missed
again.(所以每次凯文的球队拿到球， 他们都会把它传给凯文。他的第一投没中， 又一投没中。这种情况又 持续了几次， 直到另一队的球员变得聪明起来。他没有跑下球场， 而是把球扔给了投球的凯文……又没投 中。 )”以及最后一段的“Soon, all players were circling Kevin, throwing the ball to him. The whole gymnasium thundered with the clapping, chanting, “Kevin! Kevin!”(很快，所有的球员都围着凯文转，把球扔给他。整个 体育馆响起了掌声，高喊： “凯文！凯文！ ”)”可知，在比赛的最后阶段，大家都把球传给凯文，让他有进 球的机会，所有人都在鼓励他。故选 D 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段的“He didn’t learn his ABCs as fast as other kids. He never came first in the schoolyard races. However, his smile was bright and he showed great interest in everything. (他学基础知识的速 度没有其他孩子快。他从未在校园赛跑中获得第一名。然而， 他的笑容很灿烂， 对一切都表现出极大的兴 趣。 )”以及最后一段的“Finally, after amounts of tries, the ball went in. Kevin’s arms shot high into the air and he shouted, “I won! I won!”(最后，经过多次尝试，球进了。凯文的双臂高高举起，他喊道： “我赢了！我赢 了！ ”)”可知， 凯文也许做很多事情没有其他小孩做得好， 但他总是满脸笑容， 他投篮很多次没中， 也没有 消极对待，而是一直投到中为止，因此他是一个很积极乐观的人。故选 A 项。
8 ．B 9 ．B 10 ．D 11 ．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 12 月 13 日瑞典和芬兰庆祝的圣露西亚节， 介绍了它的历史
以及庆祝节日的传统。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“December is a “big deal” in Sweden and Finland not only because of Christmas, but because Saint Lucia’s Day is on Dec. 13.(12 月在瑞典和芬兰是个“大日子”，不仅是因为圣诞节， 还因为 12 月 13 日是圣卢西亚节)”可知，瑞典和芬兰庆祝圣卢西亚节。故选 B 项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Lucia was put on trial, and when she refused to give up her belief, she was sentenced to being burned. But when the guards tried to light the fire, it would not light. Unfortunately, this did not save Lucia, who at last was killed by a knife.(Lucia 受到了审判， 并且当她拒绝放弃信仰时， 她被判处火刑。 当士兵试着点亮火的时候， 却怎么也点不亮。不幸地是， 这也没能救下 Lucia，她最后被刀杀死)”可知， 为 了传播基督教， Lucia 受到了严重的处罚。故选 B 项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This year, 18-year-old high school student Elin Anderson was crowned Lucia, and following her coronation(加冕礼) she will appear at around 80 different events over the next month in her role as “a bringer of light” .(今年， 18 岁的高中生被选为了光明女神 Lucia，在她的加冕礼后，下个月她 将出席的 80 个不同的活动， 以尽到她“光明女神”的职责)”可知， 如果你有幸被选为了光明女神， 那么你需 要参加各种各样的活动，穿上戏服加冕还要扮演“光明女神”。而 D 项take charge of the
coronation(主持加冕典礼)未提到。故选 D 项。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“December is a “big deal” in Sweden and Finland not only because of Christmas, but because Saint Lucia’s Day is on Dec. 13.(12 月在瑞典和芬兰是个“大日子”，不仅是因为圣诞节， 还因为 12 月 13 日是圣卢西亚节)”及下文介绍可知， 文章主要介绍了圣卢西亚节的历史以及如何庆祝这个节日。 C 项 “圣卢西亚节——瑞典的一个传统节日”可作为本文的最佳标题。故选 C 项。
12 ．C 13 ．B 14 ．A 15 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在东京奥运会上技术对运动员的帮助。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Randy Huntington, Su’s American coach and a biomechanics expert in track and field, has collected a lot of data on outstanding sprinters and built a database. He put in all of Su’s data and got a best model. When Su is training, the team uses high-speed cameras to record his training and compares it with the model to find out his weaknesses.(苏的美国教练、田径生物力学专家兰迪· 亨廷顿收集了大量优秀短 跑运动员的数据， 并建立了一个数据库。他输入苏的所有数据， 得到了一个最好的模型。当苏训练时， 团 队用高速摄像机记录下他的训练，并与模型进行对比，找出他的弱点。 )”可知，苏炳添的训练团队利用科 学的训练帮他取得更好的成绩。故选 C 项。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Using big data and AI, we can exactly simulate and predict how the winning rate will change when players change certain tactics (利用大数据和人工智能， 我们可以准确模拟和预测当运动 员改变某些战术时胜率会如何变化)”可知，研究人员通过模拟比赛可以预测当运动员改变某些战术时胜率 会如何变化，从而可以帮运动员提高他们的胜率。故选 B 项。
14．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的 newly developed (新开发的) 和句意可以推测划线单词的意思是“先 进的”。故选 A 项。
15．主旨大意题。总结文章的主要内容， 特别根据是文章第一段“Thoughthe Tokyo Olympic Games closed on Aug 8, the public is still watching the athletes. The technologies that helped them in the competition have
attracted people’s attention.(虽然东京奥运会已于 8 月 8 日闭幕，但公众仍在观看运动员们的比赛。在比赛 中帮助他们的技术已经引起了人们的注意。)”可知，文章主要介绍了在东京奥运会上技术对运动员的帮助。 故选 D 项。
16 ．D 17 ．C 18 ．F 19 ．G 20 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。在我们的人生中， 我们可以选择很多的人生之路， 但路通向哪里没有任何的
保证，也许是通往成功之路，也许是通往失败之路，但无论如何我们都要勇于做出人生的抉择
16．下文“There are roads to happiness as there are roads to sadness, roads towards victory and delight, and roads leading to defeat and disappointment. (有通往快乐的路，也有通往悲伤的路，有通往胜利和快乐的路，也有 通往失败和失望的路。 )”，D 项“In our life many roads would come to our way as we journey through life. (在我 们的人生旅途中， 我们会遇到许多道路。 )”，下文是对 D 项中的 many roads 的分类介绍， 上下文衔接连贯 顺畅。故选 D 项。
17．下文“There are no guarantees. (没有保证。 )”，C 项“You do not really know where a road will lead you until you take it. (在你走上这条路之前， 你不会真正知道它会把你引向何方。 )”可知， 下文指出“选择哪条路都无 法保证最后的结果会是什么”，与 C 项为顺接关系，上下文语义一致，故选 C 项。
18．上文“There are too many possible outcomes, which you really cannot control. (有太多可能的结果， 你真的 无法控制。 )”，人不可能掌控人生路， 得到想得到的结果， 根据 F 项“The only thing you have power over is the decisions that you will make, and how you would act and react to different situations (你唯一能掌控的事情就是 你将要做出的决定， 以及你将如何应对不同的情况)”可知， control 与have power over 同义， 属于同义复现， F 项指出了人生路上唯一可控的事情。上下文衔接语义一致，连贯顺畅。故选 F 项。
19．根据下文“It is all a matter of perspective(客观判断力). You have the choice between being a lost traveler or an accidental tourist of life. (这完全是客观判断力的问题。你可以选择是做人生的迷途过客， 还是做人生的意外 过客。 )”可知， 你根据你的客观判断力做出的选择， 可能会产生不同的结果；G 项“Althoughit is true that one wrong turn could get you lost, it could also be that such a turn could be an opportunity for an adventure; moreover, it may open up more roads. (虽然一个错误的转弯确实会让你迷路，但也有可能这样的转弯是一次 冒险的机会，此外，它可能开辟更多的道路。 )”，下文的 it 指代 G 项中的因 one wrong turn 带来的不同的 结果，或者 get you lost，或者 an opportunity for an adventure ，更有甚者， open up more roads，所有的结果 都是因为做决定时的客观判断力，上下文衔接连贯，故选 G 项。
20．根据上文“But take caution that you do not make decisions haphazardly(随意地). (但要注意， 你不能随意做 决定)”可知， 做决定是件谨慎的事， B 项“Taking risks is not about being careless and stupid. (冒险并不意味着 粗心又愚蠢。 )”解释了上一句话，就算冒险尝试，那也并不意味着做出的决定不靠谱，上下文语意衔接连 贯。故选 B 项。
21 ．B 22 ．A 23 ．D 24 ．D 25 ．B 26 ．C 27 ．A 28 ．B 29 ．D 30 ．A 31 ．C 32 ．B 33．
D 34 ．A 35 ．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时， 前两场输了， 但这些孩 子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中，终于得分了。作者由此得出了“经验是最好的老师”的结论。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们本赛季表现很好，因此参加了一项锦标赛，这通常只适合技术更强的 俱乐部球队。 A. won 赢得；B. entered 参加、进入；C. organized 组织；D. watched 观看。根据宾语 a tournament
指参加锦标赛应用 enter。故选 B。
22 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致了她们在周六对阵训练有素的球队时的一些痛苦经历。 A. painful 痛苦的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. common 常见的；D. practical 实际的。结合上下文可知，她们周末对抗的球 队是受过更好训练的强队，因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些“痛苦的(painful) ”经历。故选 A。
23 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致了她们在周六对阵训练有素的球队时的一些痛苦经历。 A. less 更 少的；B. poorly 身体不舒服的；C. newly 最近；D. better 更好的。根据上文“more skilled club teams”可知这 词参加锦标赛的球队都是经过 “更好(better) ”训练的球队。故选 D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在前两场比赛中， 她的球队没有进球。 A. fans 爱好者；B. tutors 导师；C. class 班级；D. team 队伍。由空格所在句中的“games”及“shot (射门) ”可知，此处是指她的“球队(team) ”表现 不佳。故选 D。
25 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名家长，我不愿意看到我的女儿发挥出最好的水平，但仍然失败。
A. imagined 想象；B. hated 讨厌，不愿意；C. avoided 避免；D. missed 错过。根据下文“playing her best...still defeated”可知，作者“不愿意(hated) ”看到女儿尽力踢球但却仍然被打败的情景。故选 B。
26 ．考查连词词义辨析。句意：作为一名家长，我不愿意看到我的女儿发挥出最好的水平，但仍然失败。
A. if 如果；B. or 或者；C. but 但是；D. as 因为。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词 but。故选 C。
27 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎在周六到周日这段时间里，女孩们之间发生了什么事。A. girls 女孩；
B. parents 父母；C. coaches 教练；D. viewers 观众。根据后文“for all the girls on the team”可知，这是一支女 子足球队，因此指那些“女孩子(girls) ”。故选 A。
28．考查动词(短语)辨析。句意：当她们参加周日的比赛时，她们完全变了。 A. dressed 穿衣；B. showed up 出现；C. made up 编造；D. planned 计划。根据空后的“for their Sunday game”可知，这是她们在周日比赛中 “登场亮相(showedup) ”，故选 B。
29 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她们参加周日的比赛时，她们完全变了。 A. slightly 稍微； B. hardly 几 乎不； C. basically 基本地； D. completely 完全。根据上文“something clicked with the”可知，好像这些女孩 子们突然领悟到了什么，这场比赛亮相时，她们“完全(completely) ”不一样了。故选 D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们已经开始把前一天比赛中看到的(技战术)和团队合作融入到她们的 比赛中。 A. seen 看见；B. known 知道；C. heard 听见；D. read 阅读。我们知道，作者女儿的这个队把昨天
中她们“看到(seen ) ”的(技战术)融合到今天的比赛中来了，故选 A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们已经开始把前一天比赛中看到的(技战术)和团队合作融入到她们的 比赛中。 A. styles 风格； B. training 训练； C. game 比赛； D. rules 规则。根据上文的“their Sunday game”我 们知道，她们把从对方那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的“比赛(game) ”中来了。故选 C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。我突然意识到， 对队里所有的女孩来说， 与另一个队比赛是一个很好的学习时刻。 confused 使困惑；B. struck 打击、突然想起；C. reminded 提醒；D. warned 警告。此处为句型“It strikes/struck sb that... (某人突然想起 …… ) ”，it 是形式主语， 真正的主语是that 引导的从句。这里的 strike 可以换成 hit 或 occur to。故选 B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，对队里所有的女孩来说，与另一个队比赛是一个很好的学 习时刻。 A. touching 触动；B. thinking 思考；C. encouraging 鼓励；D. learning 学习。根据后文“The lessons they learned”可知，作者认为和训练有素的对手进行比赛是这些女孩子们“学习(learning) ”的良机。故选
D
。
34 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验是最好的老师。 A. Experience 经历，经验； B. Independence 独立； C. Curiosity 好奇心；D. Interest 兴趣。作者认为和训练有素的对手比赛的“经验(experience) ”是最好的老师。 故选 A。
35 ．考查固定短语辨析。句意：她们学到的经验可能与她们在学校学到的没有什么不同， 但肯定更个性化， 更有意义， 因为她们必须自己解决这些问题。 A. harmful to 对……有害；B. mixed with 混合；C. different from 不同于； D. applied to 应用。根据后文“what they would have gotten in school”指她们学到的经验可能与在学 校得到的并无“区别(different from) ”，但一定更加个性化，更有意义，因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚。 故选 C。
36 ．to
describe 37 ．to 38 ．challenges 39 ．personal 40 ．which 41 ．fully 42 ．it 43 ．are 44 ．least 45． realizing
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是校长给学生的信。信中描述了高中生活， 呼吁学生在高中努力发挥自己
最大的潜力。
36 ．考查不定式。句意：我等不及要向你们描述高中生活是什么样子的了。 can’t wait to do 表示“迫不及待 做某事”，需用不定式做宾语。故填 to describe。
37 ．“考查介词和固定短语。句意：你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界，但当你面对挑战时，你将有 机会获取伟大的知识和享受个人成长。固定短语 lead to，译为“导致，通向”。故答案为to。
38．考查名词的数。句意：你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界，但当你面对挑战时，你将有机会获取 伟大的知识和享受个人成长。空格处要填名词作宾语， challenge 是可数名词， 结合下文 the challenges 判断 此处用复数形式。故答案为 challenges。
39．考查形容词做定语。句意：你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界，但当你面对挑战时，你将有机会 获取伟大的知识和享受个人成长。修饰名词 growth“成长”应用形容词， person 的形容词形式是 personal ， 译为“个人的”。故答案为 personal。
40．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：最重要的是，你在高中的时间和努力将会打开你的潜力之门，只要你 足够努力，这是你可以开发的天赋能力。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 potential，从 句缺少主语，所以用 which 来引导。故答案为which。
41．考查副词。句意：为了充分发挥你的潜力，你必须充分利用学校的资源。副词来修饰该动词 realize， full 的副词形式是 fully。故答案为 fully。
42．考查 it 作形式主语。句意：为了充分发挥你的潜力，你必须充分利用学校的资源。 it be+adj.+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是…… 的”是固定句型， it 是形式主语。故答案为it。
43．考查倒装句中的主谓一致。句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度也同样重要。分析句子 结构，本句话的主语是 good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude，空格处是谓语动词，表语是 of equal importance，所以该句子是表语置于句首的倒装句， 谓语动词的单复数应参考后面的主语， 所以应是 复数形式。结合句意，该句子描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故答案为 are。
44．考查固定短语。句意：最后也很重要的一点是，即使在困难的情况下，也要始终看到光明的一面，永 远不要失去希望。固定短语 last but not least，译为“最后但同样重要的”。故答案为 least。
45．考查动名词。句意：高中将帮助你学习和成长，但只有你自己才能实现你的巨大潜力。空格处位于介 词 with 的后面，所以要用动名词形式做介词的宾语。 realize 在此处译为“实现”。故答案为 realizing。
46 ．Dear Leslie,
I’m glad to know that you have come to study in China. As for the problem of how to get along with new classmates, here is my advice.
First, you should try to communicate with your classmates actively. I think the cultural difference is a good topic. Second, you should care about your classmates and offer help to those in need. After all, being friendly is always a good way to make friends. Finally, you should take an active part in different kinds of class activities so that you can build close relationships with your new classmates. I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you.
Wish you a good time in your new school.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友 Leslie 写一封信， 针对如何跟新同学相处的问题 给她一些建议。
【详解】 1.词汇积累
高兴的： glad→pleased
与某人和睦相处： get along with sb.→get on well with sb.
参加： take part in→participate in
有帮助的： helpful→useful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： First, you should try to communicate with your classmates actively.
拓展句： First, you should try to communicate with your classmates actively, which can help you understand each other better.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Finally, you should take an active part in different kinds of class activities so that you can build close relationships with your new classmates. (运用了 so that 引导的目的状语从句)
【高分句型 2】I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you. (运用了 that 引导的宾语从句作 hope 的宾语， 省 略了 that)
47 ．One possible version:
”Don’t worry, my child. Your father is going to take you to the hospital,“ said his mother. Dick looked at his mother’s face and he could tell she was concerned. Then his father and he went to the hospital. When they arrived there, he tried to tell the doctor his problem, but he could not do it because he was very nervous. His father did it for him. He didn’t remember his father’s words exactly, but he said something like, ”Doctor, I think my son burned his tongue, because he ate a pretty hot dish.“
”Open your mouth,“ the doctor said after he heard the father’s words. Dick did it slowly. The doctor looked at his tongue for a long time. ”Don’t worry, little guy. Your tongue is very hot, but it will not fall off," the doctor finally said. When the doctor said that, Dick’s father started laughing happily. Soon the doctor also laughed. Dick was embarrassed. However, he was happy because his tongue would not fall off. One important thing he has learned since that day is that patience is a great virtue.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了迪克在 8
岁时的一次尴尬经历。在新年前夕，由于自己很久没吃过东西并且没有耐心地等待，于是在妈妈刚做好 Puchero 之后， 就迫不及待地吃起来。可是由于 Puchero 太辣了， 快要把迪克的舌头辣掉了。最后父母把他 送到医院进行治疗的故事。
【详解】 1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“别担心， 我的孩子。你爸爸会带你去医院， 他妈妈说。 ”可知， 第一段可描写迪克的 父母陪他到医院看医生的过程，并且父亲把事情的缘由讲述给医生。
②由第二段首句内容“张开嘴，医生听到父亲的话后说。”可知，第二段可描写医生给迪克看舌头的过程， 并告知迪克他的舌头不会掉，而且让作者明白了耐心的重要性。 2.续写线索：去医院——解释原因——告知真相—— 医生安慰——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
① .去医院： go to hospital/rush to hospital/drive to hospital
② .检查舌头： look at his tongue/check out his tongue
③ . 明白： understand/learn/realize
情绪类
① .尴尬的： be embarrassed/be awkward
② .开心地笑： laughing happily/laughing delightfully
【点睛】 [高分句型 1]. Dick looked at his mother’s face and he could tell she was concerned. (由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句，其中 that 省略)
[高分句型2]. One important thing he has learned since that day is that patience is a great virtue. (由 that 引导的 表语从句)