Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.Section A 知识点学案

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
短语归纳
1.both...and...……和……都 2.as long as 只要；既然
3.as...as...与……一样…… （否：not as/so...as...不如……那样……）
4.the singing competition 歌咏比赛 5.be talented in...在……方面有天赋
6.be good at = do well in 擅长…… 7.be good with 善于应付……的
8.(be)the same as...和……相同；与……一致 9.the same...as...和……相同的……
10.be similar to 与……相像的、类似的 11.be different from...与……不同；与……有差异
12.care about关心；在意 13.make friends 交朋友
14.have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快 15.bring out 使显现；使表现出
16.get better grades取得更好的成绩 17.reach for one's hand 伸手帮某人一把
18.touch one's heart 感动某人 19.play the drums 敲鼓
20.be like a mirror 像一面镜子 21.in fact确切地说；事实上；实际上
22.be there 随叫随到；不离……左右 23.call...at...拨打……找……
24.talk about谈论 25.primary school 小学
26.work hard 努力工作 27.be serious about 对……是认真的
28.get the job 得到这份工作
Section A
1.Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆敲得好。
1) both...and...……和……都；既……又…… 通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分。
We want them to be healthy both in body and in mind.
Both Tom and Jim are interested in shopping online.
并列主语 复数
注意：both...and...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。
2) both
①〔形容词〕两个；两个都 修饰名词时，名词应用复数形式。
Both programs are my favorite.
②〔代词〕两个；两个都
可位于连系动词be、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。"both of+复数人称代词的宾格或复数名词”意为“……两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Her parents are both dentists.
They both like the magazine.
Both of us like shopping online.
3）辨析：both与 all
both 用于两者，表示“两者都” 修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时，句子谓语动词用复数形式
all 用于三者或三者以上，表示“都” 修饰或指代可数名词复数作主语时，句子谓语动词通常用复数形式；修饰或指代不可数名词 作主语时，句子谓语动词通常用单数形式
We are both full today.
All of the doors have locks.
All the food is ready.
练习
John and his brother are ____________friendly and like to help others.
A.none B.all C.neither D.both
4) better
①〔副词〕更好地；较好地 well用作副词时的比较级。
Tom sings very well, but Jim sings better than Tom.
②〔形容词〕更好的；较好的
good 的比较级或 well 用作形容词时的比较级。
This picture is very good, but that one is better.
练习
—Which do you like____________,Chinese or English
—Chinese.
5) than
①〔连词〕比
用于“比较级+than+比较状语从句”结构，从句常省略一些与主句相同的成分。
My father does less housework than my mother (does).
②〔介词〕比
用于"比较级+than+代词/名词/动词-ing 形式”结构。
Tom is more outgoing than anyone else in his class.
Nothing can make him happier than playing with his little daughter in his free time.
2.loudly 大声地
loudly〔副词〕喧闹地；大声地；响亮地 含有喧闹之意。
He plays CDs too loudly.
Can you speak loudly
3.quietly 安静地
quietly〔副词〕轻声地；轻柔地；安静地 反义词为loudly。
The girl came into the classroom quietly.
4. That’s Tara, isn’t it 那是塔拉，对吗？
反意疑问句 该句为反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+附加问句”构成，遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的结构原则。它用于征询意见，或者希望陈述句所说的内容得到证实。反意疑问句的答语应符合事实，事实是肯定的用yes，事实是否定的用no。
①肯定的陈述句+否定的附加问句
—Jim likes listening to music, doesn't he
肯 否
—Yes, he does.
—Lucy is good at swimming, isn’t she
肯 否
—No, she isn't.
② 否定的陈述句+肯定的附加问句
—Li Lei didn't go to school yesterday, did he
否 肯
—Yes ,he did.
—He isn't a student, is he
否 肯
—No, he isn't.
注意：当反意疑问句的结构为“前否后肯”时，答语yes或no与汉语习惯正好相反。这种省略回答yes要译成“不；不是”; no要译成“是；是的”。
助记：巧记反意疑问句的答语
回答反意疑问句，答语含义是依据。肯定事实用yes，否定事实no 来替。
练习
Jean knew nothing about the news until her aunt told her, ____________ ____________
A.didn't; she B.did; she C.didn't;Jean
5.friendly 友好的
friendly〔形容词〕友好的
be friendly to 对……友好 be friendly with 与……很要好
She is friendly to her classmates.
Betty is very friendly with the Jacksons.
助记：friend（名词 朋友）+-ly（形容词后缀）→friendly（形容词 友好的）
6.hard-working 辛勤的
辨析：hard-working, hard work与work hard
hard-working 形容词 意为“工作努力的；辛勤的"
hard work 名词 短语 意为"辛苦的工作",hard是形容词，修饰不可数名词work
work hard 动词 短语 意为“努力工作”, hard是副词，修饰动词work
一言变异：Learning English is hard work. Although he is hard-working and works hard at it, he still can't get good grades.
7.Tina is more outgoing than Tara.蒂娜比塔拉外向。
outgoing (more outgoing, most outgoing)〔形容词〕爱交际的；友好的；外向的
由“out+going”构成，可在句中作表语或定语。
Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy.
Mary is an outgoing girl. She has many friends.
练习
莉莉是班里最外向的女孩之一。
Lily is one of____________girls in the class.
8.Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。
as...as... 与……一样……
两个as中间用形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构为not as...as..., 意为“不如……那样……”。
He sings as loudly as Bill.
Lucy isn't as/so outgoing as Mary.
注意：as...as...结构中的第一个as是副词，在否定句中可以改为so。
助记：同级比较歌诀
同级比较用原级，as...as来帮忙。若是否定加not，后者总比前者强。
拓展：not as/so...as...可与比较级进行同义转换。
This room is not as/so big as that one. = That room is bigger than this one.
练习
—Which do you like better, math or physics
—Both of them are my favorite subjects. I think math is as____________as physics.
A.interesting B.more interesting C.less interesting D.most interesting
9. Oh, which one was Lisa 哦，哪一个是莉萨？
which〔形容词或疑问代词〕哪一个；哪一些
用于选择范围较明确的场合，表示在一定数量的人或物中选择。
Which activity do you like
Which umbrellas are yours
Which is more wonderful, this movie or that one
10.I think she sang more clearly than Nelly.我认为她比内莉唱得更清晰。
clearly〔副词〕清楚地；清晰地；明白地
Please speak clearly.
拓展 clear〔形容词〕清楚的，明确的 The question wasn't very clear.
练习 I have poor eyesight. I can't see the blackboard____________（清晰地）.
11.You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.不过，你能看得出来，莉萨确实想赢。
1)tell〔动词〕看得出来；知道；了解 表示一种判断功能。
Can you tell which one is a trader
2）辨析：win与beat
win 不及物动词 赢；获胜 --
及物动词 宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等
beat 及物动词 打败；战胜 宾语为比赛或竞争的对手
He is sure to win.
We won the basketball game.
I can easily beat him at golf.
3) though
①〔副词〕不过；可是；然而 通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
Jim said that he would come; he didn't, though.
②〔连词〕虽然；尽管 引导让步状语从句，此时可与although互换。
注意：though和but不能同时用在一个句子中。
They seemed to enjoy every moment in life though they were poor.
练习
Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us____________he hates going shopping.
A.because B.so C.though D. if
12.But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.但是最重要的事是学点儿新东西并获得乐趣。
1）动词不定式短语作表语
to learn something new and have fun 意为“学点儿新东西并获得乐趣”。此处动词不定式短语放在be动词后面，作表语。
My work is to clean the room every day.
His dream is to be a doctor.
2)have fun 玩得高兴 与have a good time或enjoy oneself同义。
It's a good place to have fun.
注意：fun是不可数名词，其前通常不加任何冠词。
拓展：have fun doing sth.做某事有乐趣
Did you have fun visiting that country