Module 5 第一课时
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Don't count your chickens before they are ________(孵化)．
2．“The school prides itself on its ________(民族的) diversity，” the headmaster said.
3．The ruin of large number of ________(热带雨林) plants must destroy the ecological balance.
4．One should never make public ________(财产) one's private possession.
5．She reached the place after picking her way through a ________(迷宫)of winding streets.
6．Uigur nationality is one of the 55 m________ nationalities in China.
7．They spoke English so fluently that I took them for English n________.
8．In my opinion, good traditions should be i________ from our older generation.
9．The c________ has been passed down from generation to generation.
10．His father has a lot of money. He r________ a factory.
答案：1.hatched 2.ethnic 3.rainforest 4.property
5．maze 6.minority 7.natives 8.inherited 9.custom 10.runs
Ⅱ.用适当的介词填空
1．Here and there were members of China's ethnic minorities ________ bright costumes.
2．Do you know Australia is home ________ kangaroos?
3．We saw the surrounding mountains covered ________ white snow.
4．There are some cottages ________ the slopes of the hill.
5．Our teacher told us to put the chairs ________ circles so that we could play games.
6．Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer ________ use.
7．The story was passed from one generation ________ another.
答案：1.in 2.to 3.with/by 4.on 5.in 6.in 7.to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这台旧电脑还在用。
The old computer is still________ ________.
2．三条河流流经这个城市，无论你去哪里，你都会听到流水的声音。
Three rivers ________ ________ the city and________you go, you hear the sound of rushing water.
3．无论要花多长时间，我们都得把这项工作做完。
We'll have to finish the job, ________ ________ it takes.
4．从山上看，我们的学校更美丽。
________ ________the hill, our school looks more beautiful.
5．他举着手站在那儿。
He stood there________his hands________.
答案：1.in use 2.run through, wherever 3.however long 4.Seen from 5.with, raised
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
Soon after Dave left college, one of his uncles, __1__ was rich and had no children of his own died and __2__(leave) Dave a lot of money, so he decided to set up his own real estate agency(地产公司)．
He found a nice office, __3__ (buy) some new furniture and moved in. He had only been there for a few hours when he heard someone coming __4__ the door of his office.
“It's my first customer！” he thought. He quickly picked up __5__ telephone and pretended to be very busy __6__(answer)an important call from someone in New York __7__ wanted to buy a big and expensive house in the country.
The man knocked at the door __8__ this was going on, came in and waited __9__(polite) for the agent to finish his conversation. Then he said to him, “I'm from the telephone company, and I __10__(send) here to connect your telephone.”
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.who 2.left 3.bought 4.towards 5.the 6.answering 7.who 8.while/when 9.politely 10.was sent
【辽宁卷题型】
Simon：Linda, do you know when the visitors from China are coming?
Linda：We offer them three __1__(choose): the end of March, the middle of April and the beginning of May, and they chose the earliest __2__，which is good actually with exams __3__(come)up in May.
Simon：Right. And how many are coming? Did you say about 8?
Linda：Yes, they said 8 at first, but __4__(change) to 6 this morning.
Simon：Good, we have 5 weeks to prepare. Here are my suggestions. On the first day, a welcome party, then they can visit __5__ schools in the district on the second and third days.
Linda：We've got to remember this group wants to look at how the Internet is being __6__(use)in the classroom. That's __7__ they are coming for.
Simon：Exactly, __8__ I want to ask Mr. Tod to give them a talk on this on the afternoon of the third day.
Linda：That will fit in very __9__(nice)．
Simon：And on the last day, they would do some sightseeing. We could take them on the tour of London, but many of them __10__ have been there already, and Scotland will be too far away.
Linda：Why not take them for a walk along the coast? It should be interesting.
Simon：Good idea! Linda. I'm sure they'll like it.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.choices 2.one 3.coming 4.changed 5.the 6.used 7.what 8.so 9.nicely 10.may/might
Ⅴ.完形填空
People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans have__1__been out of the country and have very little__2__with foreigners. But they are usually friendly and open, and__3__meeting new people, having guests and__4__people together formally(正式地)or informally. They tend to use first names in most__5__and speak freely about themselves. __6__if your American hosts do something that makes you__7__， try to let them know how you feel. Most people will__8__your honesty and try not to__9__you uncomfortable again. And you'll all learn something about another__10__！
Many travelers find it__11__to meet people in the U．S. than in other countries. They may just__12__and introduce themselves or even invite you__13__before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be__14__friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just__15__their time. Just__16__anywhere else, it takes time to become__17__friends with people in the U．S..
If you__18__American friends, they will probably enjoy__19__you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud of__20__you, it's probably because they are relaxed(放松)and enjoy it!
1．A.ever B．never
C．sometimes D．often
答案：B 绝大多数美国人从来没有离开过自己的国家，因此用never。
2．A.knowledge B．experience
C．patience D．trouble
答案：B 承接下文，因为绝大多数美国人都没有离开过自己的国家，因此和其他国家的人接触很少，也就是“经验”很少。此处强调直接的“经验”很少，但不一定说明他们对其他国家的人了解很少，而且后面的介词是with，因此不选A。如果表达“对……了解很少”，应用have little knowledge about。
3．A.enjoy B．avoid
C．dislike D．suggest
答案：A 尽管美国人和其他国家的人接触很少，但还是“喜欢”跟其他国家的人交往，故用enjoy。
4．A.receiving B．gathering
C．taking D．bringing
答案：D bring people together意为“把……召集起来”；也就是“聚会”之意。
5．A.situations B．conditions
C．surroundings D．cases
答案：A 此处意为美国人非常随和，在绝大多数场合，习惯于对人直呼其名。在什么场合，应用名词situation。conditions“环境；情况”；surroundings“周围的环境”；cases“情况”；在此都不合语境。
6．A.And B．However
C．So D．But
答案：C 因为美国人有这样的习俗，所以当美国人所做的事情使你感到不舒服时，你应该告诉他们。此处是因果关系，故用so。
7．A.easy B．uncomfortable
C．pleasant D．comfortable
答案：B 这儿指由于文化差异造成的“不舒服”。
8．A.believe B．praise
C．appreciate D．support
答案：C 绝大多数人会“欣赏”你的诚实。
9．A.make B．keep
C．let D．cause
答案：A 人们了解了这种文化差异，就再也不会使你再感到不舒服了。make sb.＋adj.表示“使某人感到/变得……”。keep sb.＋adj.表示“使某人处于……状态”，在此不合语境，其他选项不合搭配。
10．A.country B．people
C．culture D．custom
答案：C 通过这种经历你会了解“文化”差异。
11．A.easier B．happier
C．simpler D．harder
答案：A 因为美国人随便、开放，因此人们感到认识美国人“更容易”。
12．A.appear B．bring in
C．go by D．come up
答案：D 表示“走上前来”，只能用come up。
13．A.over B．out
C．in D．around
答案：C 表示美国人即使不认识你，也会把你邀请“进来”，只能用副词in。in表示“进来；在家”。
14．A.naturally B．pretendedly
C．heartily D．extremely
答案：B 从前面的“有时候”判断，此处是说，美国人有时是在“假装”友好。
15．A.killing B．wasting
C．having D．taking
答案：D 看起来美国人似乎是假装友好，但事实上他们是想“从容”一点。take one's time当“不着急；慢慢来”讲。kill one's time当“消磨时光”讲，含有“无聊”的味道，这对客人来说显然是不礼貌的。
16．A.like B．as
C．with D．over
答案：A “正像”其他所有的地方一样，要跟美国人做朋友也是需要时间的。like介词“像”，往往用于事物类比。
17．A.real B．devoted
C．false D．lovely
答案：A 此处表示跟美国人成为“真正的”朋友需要时间。
18．A.live with B．stay with
C．are helpful to D．lose touch with
答案：B 此处表示当你“跟美国人呆在一起”的时候，故用stay with。
19．A.inviting B．leading
C．asking D．introducing
答案：D 说明美国人会把你介绍给朋友和家人。
20．A.hearing B．telling
C．recognizing D．knowing
答案：D 如果美国人以“认识”你为自豪，这就证明他们跟你在一起感到轻松愉快。
Ⅵ.阅读理解
According to historical documents, the forefathers of the Naxi people were closely related to a tribe called “Maoniu Yi” in the Han Dynasty，“Maoniu Yi” in the Jin Dynasty and “Moxie Yi” in the Tang Dynasty.
Between the early 10th century and the middle of the 13th century, production in the Lijiang area experienced marked changes, as agriculture replaced livestock (家畜)breeding as the main occupation of the people. Scores of agricultural, handicraft, mineral and livestock products were turned out, and the country presented a picture of prosperity. During that period, a number of slave-owning groups in Ninglang，Lijiang and Weixi counties gradually grew into a feudal manorial lord caste(世袭封建庄园领主制)．
In 1278 the Yuan Dynasty established Lijiang Prefecture(自治州)representing the imperial court in Yunnan Province. This resulted in closer links between the Lijiang area and the centre of the empire.
In the early Ming Dynasty, the leader of the Naxi people，named Mude, was made chief of Lijiang Prefecture, exercising control over the Naxi and other ethnic groups nearby. Throughout the Ming Dynasty, the chiefs from the Mu family kept taxes and tribute(贡品)flowing to the Ming court in the form of silver and grain. The Ming, in turn, relied on the Mu family as the mainstay for the control of the people of various ethnic groups in northwestern Yunnan Province.
Later, with the development of the productive forces, buying, selling and renting of land began to take place in the Naxi areas，marking the beginning of a landlord economy.
1．In the 12th century, the main occupation probably be ________.
A．livestock breeding B．agriculture
C．fishing D．forestry
答案：B 从文章第二段第一句可知，10世纪早期至13世纪中期丽江经济经历了重大变化，也就是“agriculture replaced livestock breeding”。
2．Lijiang Prefecture was set up in ________.
A. the Tang Dynasty B. the Song Dynasty
C. the Yuan Dynasty D. the Ming Dynasty
答案：C 细节题。从第三段第一句可知答案。
3．During the Ming Dynasty, the Mu family kept taxes and tribute flowing to the Ming court in the form of ________.
A. gold and silver B. livestock and gold
C. gold and silver D. silver and grain
答案：D 从文章第四段可知，the Mu family向明朝政府进贡物品是“silver and grain”。
4．What marked the beginning of the landlord economy?
A. A feudal manorial lord caste.
B. The appearance of buying, selling and renting of land.
C. The rule of Mu family in Lijiang.
D. The establishment of Lijiang Prefecture.
答案：B 从文章最后一段可知，the landlord economy的开始是以“buying, selling and renting of land began to take place”为标志的。
5．What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Mu family
B. The history of Lijiang Prefecture
C. The history of the Naxi Ethnic Group
D. The rulers of Naxi
答案：C 通读全文可知，文章主要讲了纳西族的历史。
Ⅶ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一个横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
What should you do when your parents become angrily? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation with them about it. Remembering not to shout at them. They usually will try to change. But they will take some times to change because they always get angry, and that is all they know. You might have to change for your method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your parents that they don't expect—like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floors. If this doesn't work, bring in friend that you feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.
答案：
What should you do when your parents become ？ If your parents mad, try to have a conversation with them about it. not to shout at them. They usually will try to change. But will take some to change because they always get angry, and that is all they know. You might have to change your method a couple of times. Do nice things for your parents that they don't expect—like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or the floors. If this doesn't work, bring in friend that you feel comfortable ， and have him or her help you.
课件84张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 选修7 Ethnic CultureModule 51.1.1 集合的概念第一课时 Introduction
& Reading and Vocabulary1.1.1 集合的概念Module 5Ⅰ.重点单词
1．种族的；民族的(adj.)________
2．少数民族(n.)________→较小的(adj.)________
3．热带雨林(n.)________
4．完全不同的；各不相同的(adj.)________→多样性；差异(n.)________
5．出生地的；土生土长的(adj.)________
6．各种各样的；形形色色的(adj.)________→变化(v.)________→种类，多样性(n.)________ethnicminorityminorrainforestdiversediversitynativevariedvaryvariety
7．控制；管理(v.)________
8．继承(v.)________→继承物；遗产(n.)________
9．财产(n.)________
10．风格，习惯，传统(n.)________
11．围裙(n.)________
12．孵化(v.)________runinheritinheritancepropertycustomapronhatch
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be home ________是……的故乡；是……的原产地
2．get lost ________迷路；沉迷于
3．________use 在使用
4．put... ________整理；把……合在一起toinintogetherⅢ.语篇感知
Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks
答案：1.to 2.slopes 3.lucky 4.showed 5.performance
6．played 7.whom 8.culture 9.friendship 10.equal1.minority n.
(1)(社区、国家等，其中种族、宗教、语言等异于他人的)小团体；少数
the rights of ethnic minorities 少数民族的权利
belong to a minority group 属于少数人团体的
minority rights 少数派的权利
(2)少数(尤指投票者或票数)
A small minority voted against the policy.
投票反对该政策的人占少数。
知识拓展
(1)be in a/the minority 少数派(尤指在投票的两部分人中)
(2)minor adj. (常作定语)较小的；次要的
(3)其反义词为majority n. 大多数；大半；大多
①用作可数名词时，意思为“多数；大多数；过半数”；常与定冠词the和介词of连用，构成词组the majority of。the majority of作主语时，其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。
②the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数。
ⅰ.He believes that his supporters are in the majority.
他相信支持他的人占多数。
ⅱ.The majority want/wants peace.
大多数人渴望和平。即学即用
完成句子
(1)在舞蹈班上男孩子占极少数。
Boys are very much ________ ________ ________ at the dance class.
(2)大多数学生都出席了。
________ ________ ________ the students were present.
答案：(1)in the minority (2)The majority of2．diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的
people from diverse cultures 不同文化背景的人
There are diverse opinions about it.
关于那件事有种种不同的意见。
知识拓展
(1)diverse from 不同的；相异的
His character is diverse from hers.
他的性格与她的迥然不同。
diverse作“多种多样的”时，相当于various；作“不同的；相异的”时，相当于different。
(2)diversity n. 差异；多样性；变化多端
diversify v. 使不同；使变得多样化
As a singer, she began to diversify, performing songs in many languages.
作为一名歌手，她开始用多种语言唱歌，使自己的表现多样化。
即学即用
翻译句子
纽约是世界上文化最多样化的城市之一。
_________________________________________________
答案：New York is one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world.
3．native
(1)n. 本地人(与of连用)；土产(与to连用)
①He is a native of Beijing.
他是北京人。
②Banana is native to Taiwan.
香蕉是台湾的土(特)产。(2)adj. 本国的；出生地的；本地的；与生俱来的；土产的；土著的
Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom.
大多数以英语为母语的人在英国。
注意：native作为形容词用作定语时，其前总是要用物主代词。
one's native place 出生地
one's native country 祖国
one's native language/tongue 本族语
即学即用
单句改错
Chillies are native in the New World.
_________________________________________________
答案：in改为to4．varied adj.
(1)各种各样的；不同的
varied opinions/scenes/menus 各种不同的意见/景象/菜单
Holiday jobs are many and varied.
假期的工作又多又杂。
(2)多变的；多样的
lead a full and varied life 过丰富多彩的生活
My experience is not sufficiently varied.
我的阅历不够广。(3)改变了的
a varied form of a word 字的异体(形式)字
单词积累
variedly adv. 各种各样地；改变地
vary v. 改变、变化/更；修改；使多样化/有变化
vary with... 随……而变
various adj. 各种各样的；多方面的；多才多艺的；几个的；许多的……
variety n. 种类；变化 a variety of...＝various
即学即用
语法填空
More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great________(varied) of goods.
答案：variety5．run v. 跑；流动；开动(机器等)；经营；控制；管理
①We had the new computer system up and running with an hour.
我们安装好新电脑，并让它开机一小时。
②They run a restaurant in Beijing.
他们在北京经营一家餐厅。
③Don't try and run my life!
不要想控制我的人生！图解助记知识拓展
run after 追逐
run across 偶然遇见
run away from 逃离；回避(不愉快的事情)，逃避(责任)
run out (指供应品)用完，耗尽
run out of (指人)用完，耗尽(供应品)
run into 撞上；偶然遇见
run over 碾过即学即用
完成句子
(1)他丝毫不懂企业管理。
He has no idea ________ ________ ________ a business.
(2)贫困和洪水迫使村民们离开家园。
Poverty and floods forced the villagers to ________ ________ ________ home.
答案：(1)how to run (2)run away from6．inherit v. 继承；遗传
①The eldest son will inherit the title.
长子将继承爵位。
②She inherited all her mother's beauty.
她遗传了她母亲的全部美貌。
单词积累
inheritance n. 继承的遗产
inheritor n. 遗产继承人①She had squandered her inheritance within a year.
不出一年，她就把她所继承的遗产挥霍光了。
②We are the inheritors of a great cultural tradition.
我们是一个伟大文化传统的继承人。
即学即用
完成句子
她从祖父那里继承了这块土地。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ her grandfather.
答案：inherited the land from7．property n.
(1)所有物；财产；资产
①Don't touch those tools—they are not your property.
不要动那些工具——那不是你的东西。
②The jewels were her personal property.
这些首饰是她的私人财产。
(2)所有；所有权
Property brings duties and responsibilities.
有了财产也就有了义务和责任。
(3)特征；性质
The plant has the property of healing burns.
这种植物有治疗烫伤的特性。
(4)建筑物
Several properties in this street are for sale.
这条街上有几处建筑物正在出售。
即学即用
完成句子
警方找回了部分被盗财物。
Police recovered some of ________ ________ ________.
答案：the stolen property8．custom n. [U, C]风俗；习惯；传统
①It is our custom to send New Year's cards to friends.
送贺年卡给朋友是我们的习俗。
②It is difficult to get used to another country's customs.
要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是很困难的。
知识拓展
(1)break a custom 破坏习俗
follow/keep up a custom 遵守习俗
(2)customs n. 海关；关税
customer n. 顾客；主顾辨析
custom, habit和tradition
①In China the custom of eating dumplings on New Year's Eve prevails.
在中国，除夕晚上吃饺子的风俗很盛行。
②He has a habit of closing his eyes when he tells a story.
他在讲故事时习惯把眼睛闭上。
③Carry the revolutionary tradition forward, may you gain still greater glory.
发扬革命传统，争取更大光荣。即学即用
完成句子
(1)女子早婚是那个国家的风俗。
________ ________ ________ ________ in that country for women to marry young.
(2)在中国，年轻人照顾老人是代代相传的一个传统。
It is ________ ________ ________ from generation to generation that the young look after the old in China.
答案：(1)It is the custom (2)a tradition down
9．hatch v. 孵化；孵出；策划阴谋；制定计划
①When will the eggs hatch out?
这些蛋什么时候孵化？
②The eldest prince hatched a plan to murder the king with some ministers.
大王子与几个大臣策划了一次杀害国王的阴谋。图解助记知识拓展
hatch out 破壳而出，孵出
hatch a plot/plan/idea 秘密策划阴谋/计划/想法
即学即用
完成句子
这些蛋现在随时都可能孵化。
The eggs should ________ ________ ________ now.
答案：hatch any time1.be home to 是……的故乡；是……的栖息地；是……的原产地
①The forest is home to all kinds of snakes.
森林里生活着各种各样的蛇。
②This area is home to some minorities.
这个地区生活着一些少数民族。
③China is home to the panda.
中国是大熊猫的原产地。
知识拓展
(1)feel at home 舒适自在，无拘束
make oneself at home 随便，不要拘束
at home and abroad 国内外
(2) homesick adj.想家的
homeless adj.无家可归的
take-home pay 税后收入
即学即用
完成句子
(1)中关村是中国许多高科技公司的所在地。
Zhongguancun is ________ many hi-tech companies of China.
(2)请随便，如果有需要我帮忙的事，尽管说。
Please __________________________. If there is something I can get for you just let me know.
(3)到了这里一个月以后，学生们开始想家了。
The students began to ________ after they had been here for a month.
答案：(1)home to (2)make yourself at home (3)feel homesick2．get lost in 迷路；沉迷于
①It is easy to get lost in a big city.
在大城市里容易迷路。
②He is lost in games.
他沉迷于游戏。
知识拓展
be lost to sth. 不注意；漠然视之
be lost on sb. 对某人无影响①He was lost to the world in this task.
他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切漠然处之。
②Our advice was not lost on him.
我们的劝告对他起了作用。
注意：get/be lost为非持续动作，be missing可以表示持续状态。
lose one's balance 失去平衡
be/get lost in thought 陷入沉思
lose one's temper 发脾气
lose heart 灰心
at a loss 不知所措
即学即用
语法填空
If you get ________(lose) in a foreign city, you'd better stay where you are and wait for your friends.
答案：lost
3．in use 在使用
①The television set is still in use.
那部电视机仍还在使用。
②It is the dictionary most in use among Chinese students of English.
词典在中国学习英语的学生中应用最广泛。知识拓展
out of use 不再使用
of great use 很有用的
It's no use doing... 做……也无益
come into use 开始被使用
make use of sb./sth. 利用或使用某人/某物
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
used to do sth. 过去经常做某事
be used to(doing)sth. 习惯/适应(做)某事
use sth. up 用尽/耗尽某物即学即用
完成句子
(1)这本字典的新版本还没有使用。
The new version of this dictionary is ________ ________ ________ yet.
(2)这种表达方式现在已经不使用了。
The expression is ________ ________ ________ now.
(3)跟比尔争论是没有用的，因为他永远不会改变主意。
It's ________ ________ ________ with Bill because he will never change his mind.
答案：(1)not in use (2)out of use (3)no use arguing4．put...together 组成；装配；整理；拼凑(资料、观点等)；把……合在一起
①He took the machine to pieces and then put it together again.
他把机器拆开后又组装起来了。
②She tried to put her thoughts together.
她设法整理思绪。
作“把……合在一起”讲时，用于名词之后。
Your department spent more last year than all the other departments put together.
你们部门去年的花销比其他所有部门的加起来还多。知识拓展
put aside 放下；储蓄；保留
put through 接通(电话)；顺利完成
put away 把……收起来(放回原处)
put out 熄灭；发表；出版
put up 搭起；提高；张贴；投宿
put off (使)延期
put forward 提出(建议等)
put up with 容忍；忍耐即学即用
完成句子
(1)专家组已组成来研究这种疾病的病因。
A team of experts has ________ ________ ________ to examine the cause of the disease.
(2)妈妈打开抽屉把刀子和汤匙收起来放好。
My mother opened the drawer to ________ ________ the knives and spoons.
答案：(1)been put together (2)put away1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.
古城依山而建，对面是海拔5500米的玉龙雪山，山峰被积雪覆盖。
句中．..opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain是一个倒装句式，opposite it为表示方位的介词短语，在句中作表语前置，句子用完全倒装。its peak covered with snow为独立主格结构，其作用相当于with复合结构with its peak covered with snow或定语从句whose peak is covered with snow。知识拓展
独立主格结构的构成包括：名词＋形容词，名词＋动词-ing形式，名词＋动词-ed形式，名词＋副词，名词＋介词等。
①She went away, her face red.
她红着脸走了。
②She was weaving, lights burning.
灯亮着，她在织布。
③Homework unfinished, he went out to play.
作业没完成，他出去玩了。
④Lights on, he fell asleep.
灯亮着，他睡着了。
⑤The teacher came in, book in hand.
老师走了进来，手里拿着一本书。
注意：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语无关，它独立存在。独立主格结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。即学即用
语法填空
(1)The boy lay on the ground, his teeth set, his hand clenched on his breast and his eyes ________(look) straight upward.
(2)Lots of homework ________(do), I have to stay home all day.
(3)Enough time ________(give), she will surely do the job better.
答案：(1)looking (2)to do (3)given2．They sit in small circles in the square, with their babies on their backs, completely uninterested in the tourists!
她们围成小圈坐在广场上，身背孩子，对游客丝毫不感兴趣！
本句是一个简单句，with引导复合结构，在句中作伴随状语，uninterested in the tourists是过去分词短语，在句中作状语，表示句子主语的一种状态。②A car passed by us，with two persons arguing with each other in it.
一辆车从我们身边驶过，车上两个人正在争论着什么。
③With some clothing to wash, she went home.
她带着一些需要洗的衣服，回家了。
④He went out of his bedroom, with his jacket's buttons loosing.
他从卧室里走出来，上衣扣子没有扣好。
(2)过去分词短语uninterested in，此处相当于形容词短语，在句中作状语，表示主语的一种状态。
①Excited，he shouted at the sky.
他很激动，向天空大喊了一声。
②We returned home, tired and thirsty.
我们回到家中，又累又渴。
即学即用
语法填空
With her eyes ________(fix) on the portrait, mother was deep in thought.
答案：fixed
3．However different we may appear to be at first, we are all the same, all equal.
无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，然而我们本质上是一样的，每个人都是平等的。
(1)句中however引导让步状语从句，本句相当于：
No matter how different we may appear to be at first, we are all the same, all equal.知识拓展
“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词-ever”的区别：
(1)“No matter＋疑问词”常用来引导让步状语从句，常和特殊疑问词what, when, where, how, who, whose等连用，这一结构可置于主句之前或之后，意为“不论/不管……”。
①No matter where you work, you can always find time to study.
无论你在哪里工作，你总能找到时间学习。
②They should enjoy equal rights, no matter whether they are boys or girls.
无论是男孩还是女孩，都应该享有平等的权利。
(2)疑问词-ever既可以引导状语从句，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”，还可以引导名词性从句。
①Yon can take whatever you like.
喜欢什么你就拿什么。
②However difficult it is, he'll not give it up.
＝No matter how difficult it is, he'll not give it up.
无论多么难，他都不打算放弃。(2)句中all是代词，用来加强语气的，用在系动词之后。不要与all the same短语中的all混淆。短语all the same表示“还是；仍然；完全一样”。
①It was raining hard, but we got there in time all the same.
那天虽然下着大雨，但我们还是及时赶到了那里。
②—Would you care for a glass of beer?
你来杯啤酒吗？
—No, but thank you all the same.
不，但仍然要谢谢你。
高考直击
语法填空
(2013·山东卷改编) ________ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
答案：Whenever/No matter when 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时我要进行演讲，在开始前我都会极其紧张。即学即用
完成句子
(1)无论我多么饿，我好像也吃不完这条面包。
________ ________ ________ ________， I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
(2)不管什么时候来，他总是带着礼物。
________ ________ ________here, he will bring a present.
(3)你让我做什么我就做什么。
I will do ________you want me to.
答案：(1)However hungry I am (2)Whenever he comes
(3)whatever Ⅰ.句型转换
1．The giant panda is native to China.
→China ____________ the giant panda.
2．There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
→There are ____________ patterns to choose from.
3．His money used up，he had to ask his friends for help.
→His money ____________， he had to ask his friends for help.4．There is no point in crying over the spilt milk.
→It's ____________ crying over the spilt milk.
5．However clever you are，you should study hard.
→____________ clever you are，you should study hard.
6．When winter comes on，the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.
→With winter ________， the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.
7．Because she was frightened，she asked me to go with her.
→________， she asked me to go with her.
8．I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
It was ____________________ that I met Li Ming yesterday.
答案：1.is home to 2.various/varied 3.running out 4.no use 5.No matter how 6.coming on 7.Frightened 8.at the railway stationⅡ.单项填空
1．The meaning of life________according to the nature of one's life-style.
A．moves B．changes
C．varies D．turns
答案：C 考查动词的辨析。move“移动”；change“变化；改变”；vary“不同；各种各样”；turn“翻转；转动”。根据语境，C项合适。句意：生活的意义依据生活方式的特征不同而不同。
2．It is Asia's________to greet the New Year with firecrackers.
A．custom B．habit
C．hobby D．tradition
答案：A 考查名词的辨析。句意：用鞭炮迎接新年是亚洲的习俗。custom“(传统的)习惯”；habit“习惯”；hobby“爱好”；tradition“传统”。由此可知，应选A。3．You are an only child. It goes without saying that you'll ________ your parents' fortune after they pass away.
A．inherit B．control
C．purchase D．guarantee
答案：A inherit意为“继承，遗传”；control意为“控制，支配”；purchase意为“购买”；guarantee意为“保证，担保”。根据句意应选A项，句意为“你是一个独生子。不言自明，父母去世后的遗产将会由你继承”。4．This plant ________ the Mediterranean and now grows wild throughout Europe, North America and Australia.
A．is related to B．is native to
C．is connected with D．is famous as
答案：B be related to 意为“涉及”；be native to意为“原产于……(地方)”；be connected with 意为“与……有联系”；be famous as 意为“作为……有名”。句意：这种植物原长于地中海地带，现已遍布欧洲，北美和澳大利亚。5．The meeting ________ over, he went to pick up his son directly.
A．to be B．is
C．was D．being
答案：D 前后两部分没有连词连接，仅用逗号相隔，故第一部分不能以分句的形式出现，排除B、C项；由语境可知“会议结束了，他就直接去接儿子了”，排除A项，选D项形成独立主格结构，此时，因逻辑主语是名词the meeting, being还可省略。6．Paper money was in ________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ________ thirteenth century.
A．the；/ B．the；the
C．/；the D．/；/
答案：C 本题考查固定短语in use和定冠词的用法。句意：13世纪，马可·波罗来中国时，中国已经使用纸币了。in use是固定短语，use前不加冠词，表示“在使用；使用中”；表示“在几世纪”时序数词之前应该用定冠词the，故选C项。7．Before the war broke out, many people________in safe places possessions they could not take with them.
A．threw away B．put away
C．gave away D．carried away
答案：B 句意：战争爆发前，许多人把拿不走的财物放在安全的地方。put away意为“把……收好”；throw away意为“扔掉”；carry away意为“带走”；give away意为“送；捐赠”。
8．________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A. However B. Whatever
C. Whichever D. Whenever
答案：A 考查连接词的用法。hard为副词，故由however修饰；whatever，whichever与whenever后面都不能直接接副词。Module 5 第二课时
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He got injured in his leg and was ________(瘸的) from then on.
2．Usually a wooden b________(桶) is used to hold water or other liquid.
3．She turned to face him, her anger ________(显然) gone.
4．I heard a noise and sat upright, my body ________(僵直的) with terror.
5．Sunlight ________(穿透) the heavy mist at noon.
6．Li Ping's grandparents were peasants and they f______ for the whole life in the country.
7．My car's broken and now is at the g________.
8．Before sweeping the floor, the boy ________ some water on it.
9．Rings and necklaces made of precious metals belong to j________.
10．“F________ your seat belt when driving，” my father told me.
答案：1.lame 2.bucket 3.apparently 4.rigid 5.pierced
6．farmed 7.garage 8.splashed 9.jewellery 10.Fasten
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．伦敦位于泰晤士河畔，人口700万。(have a population of)
________________________________________________________________________
2．她拔牙时痛得叫了起来。(in pain)
________________________________________________________________________
3．你必须学着适应乡下的生活。(adjust)
________________________________________________________________________
4．晚饭后妈妈让我把所有的椅子折叠起来。(fold up)
________________________________________________________________________
5．做好准备，一旦有事，马上出动。(set off)
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.London lies on the River Thames and has a population of seven million.
2．She cried in pain when her tooth was pulled out.
3．You must learn to adjust yourself to the country life.
4．After dinner, mother asked me to fold up all the chairs.
5．Get prepared so that you can set off immediately if something happens.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．If more time had been given，we could have done it better.
→________ more time，we could have done it better.
→More time ________， we could have done it better.
2．When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.
→________ from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.
→________ from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.
3．As he was well known for his expert advice, he was able to help a great number of people with their private affairs.
→________ ________ for his expert advice，he was able to help a great number of people with their private affairs.
4．Because they were tired out，they stopped to have a rest.
→________ ________， they stopped to have a rest.
5．Surprised at what had happened, Tom didn't know what to do.
→________ ________ ________ ________ at what had happened，he didn't know what to do.
6．I won't attend his birthday party unless I am invited.
→I won't attend his birthday party ________ ________.
答案：1.Given；given 2.Seen；Seeing 3.Well known
4．Tired out 5.Because Tom was surprised 6.unless invited
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country's economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.
Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country's economy can suffer.
On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities(配套设施)needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.
Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.
1．Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection?
A．It is extremely important to develop tourism.
B．Building roads and hotels is essential.
C．Support facilities are highly necessary.
D．Planning is of great importance to tourism.
答案：D 本文一开始便讲如果没有适当的计划，旅游业会带来的各种问题，可见前文叙述适当计划的好处，以正反两方面来阐述。
2．The underlined word“inhabitants” (in Paragraph 1 ) probably means________.
A．tourists B．passengers
C．population D．citizens
答案：D 文中提到太多游客来该国inhabitants喜欢的地方，可见它指本国本土的居民。
3．Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ________.
A．a bad effect on other industries
B．a change of tourists' customs
C．over-crowd of places of interest
D．pressure on traffic
答案：B 本文提到旅游业过于兴旺会带来的各种后果中提到了A、C、D，但没有说会改变游客的风俗习惯。
4．It can be inferred from the text that________.
A．the author doesn't like tourism developing so fast
B．local people will benefit from tourist attraction
C．other parts of a country's economy won't benefit from tourism much
D．we can't build too many support facilities
答案：B 从文中的讲述可以推知，旅游业会使当地人获益。
B
Puerto Rico(波多黎各)may be part of the USA but its music and dance is a mixture of both Spanish and American rhythms. The country, as a result, is a mixture of very new and very old. It exhibits the open American way of life yet remains the more formal Spanish influences. This is reflected in the architecture, not just the difference between the old and the modern in urban areas but also in the countryside, where older buildings sit side by side with schools and houses. It is found in the cooking, too many fast food restaurants together with local cooking which has its roots in the mixture of culture of all the Caribbean and in the music, where rock music is played in beach resorts(圣地)but in the hilly center, Puerto Rican music can be heard. Old volcanic mountains, long motionless, take up a large part of the center, with the highest peak, Cerro de Punta, at 1,338 m in the Cordillera. The mountains are surrounded by a coastal plain with the Atlantic shore beaches cooled all the year round by trade winds(信风)．
The population is 3.8 million, of which about 1.5 million live in San Juan, although about another two million Puerto Ricans live in the USA. Average life is 73.8 years and GDP per person is US $ 12,212, the highest in Latin America, although not up to the level of mainland USA. The people are largely a mixture of Amerindian, Taino-Arawak, Spanish and African. Most Puerto Ricans do not speak English and less than 30% speak it fluently(流利地). Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York, but who have returned to the island, are called Nuyoricans(新波多利哥人). The people are very friendly and hospitable but there is crime, linked to drugs and unemployment.
5．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．Puerto Rico belongs to the USA
B．Puerto Rico is part of Spanish
C．Puerto Rico is an independent country
D．Puerto Rico has the highest peak in Latin America
答案：A 细节理解题。波多黎各是南美洲的岛屿，属于美国。由首句Puerto Rico may be part of the USA得出。
6．The underlined word“It”in the first paragraph refers to________.
A．the country
B．a result
C．a mixture of very new and very old
D．Puerto Rico
答案：C 语意理解题。应向前找，再向后看看it代表的内容，此处是指既古老又现代的混合体。It在句中作代词，指代前一句中的名词或短语，首先可以排除B。a result，因为“as a result”是插入语，A项the country虽然意思正确，但与C项相比就相对间接了；而D项Puerto Rico比A项更加间接，故排除。
7．What's the character of the culture of Puerto Rico?
A．Either new or old.
B．A mixture of different peoples.
C．Too many fast food restaurants.
D．Either Spanish or American.
答案：B 推理判断题。波多黎各文化的特点是西班牙、美国等不同民族的混合，由第一段可以得出。A项和D项是两者中的选择而不是结合，C项属细节。
8．What are the disadvantages of Puerto Rico?
A．Too many Puerto Ricans live in the USA.
B．Few people in Puerto Rico can speak English.
C．Puerto Rico's GDP is lower than that of the USA.
D．Social problems connected with drugs and lack of jobs.
答案：D 细节理解题。文中作者提到的不利因素——与毒品和失业相关的犯罪。即把犯罪概括为社会问题。
Ⅴ.短文填空
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We'd better develop our interest in English at the beginning of our study. __1__ We may feel good when we can say something simple in English.
__2__ So we must make some plans before study. And we should certainly carry out these plans in our study.
__3__ Our notes are much thinner than the books so that we can learn them by heart easily and can often review and read them. We may also record our notes on tapes so as to listen to them easily.
Reading a newspaper is the best thing to improve your English. __4__ It will help you keep in touch with a lot of subjects in English.
__5__ Learn by heart the whole sentences and the phrases that contain the new words so that we may know how to use the words.
If time permits，we may read a mini Chinese-English dictionary carefully from cover to cover, which may help us widen our sight and master knowledge in all ways.
A．Read a little from a newspaper every day.
B．Don't read books without making notes.
C．Carefully write an e-mail in English.
D．It's easy to develop an interest in English study.
E．The more, the better.
F．Plans are always very necessary.
G．Never just memorize single English words.
答案：1～5 DFBAG
Ⅵ.书面表达
假设你是李华，你的朋友李雷打算去台湾旅游，特来信向你了解台湾岛的有关情况。请根据下列请示，用英文写一封回信，并祝他旅途愉快。
1．台湾岛是我国最大的岛屿，位于福建省的东南，北临东海，东临太平洋，西南面被南海环抱；
2．台湾岛面积约三万六千平方千米，人口两千多万；
3．自然资源丰富，香蕉、大米、茶叶等农产品驰名中外；
4．风景优美，气候宜人，世界各地的游客纷至沓来。
注意：1.词数120左右；2.信的格式及开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数；3.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯，符合逻辑。
Dear Li Lei，
I'm glad to know that you're going to Taiwan Island.______________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear_Li_Lei，
I'm_glad_to_know_that_you're_going_to_Taiwan_Island. I'd like to give you a brief introduction to it.
Taiwan Island is the largest island in our country and it lies on west of the Pacific Ocean. It lies on the south of the East Sea and the South Sea surrounds its southwest. It is located to the southeast of Fujian Province.
Taiwan has an area of about 36,000 square kilometres and it has a population of over 20,000,000. It's rich in natural resources. Agricultural products are famous both at home and abroad, such as bananas, rice, tea and so on. The scenery is so beautiful and the climate is so pleasant that travelers from all over the world go there for a visit.
I'm sure you'll have a good time there.
Yours，
Li_Hua
课件109张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 选修7 Ethnic CultureModule 51.1.1 集合的概念第二课时 Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice1.1.1 集合的概念Module 5Ⅰ.重点单词
1．菠萝，凤梨(n.)________
2．(液体)溅落；飞溅(v.)________
3．看起来，显然(adv.)_________→明显的(adj.)________
4．种植；养殖(v.)________
5．捕鱼；钓鱼(v.)________
6．愚蠢的，傻的(adj.)________→愚弄；欺骗(v.)傻瓜(n.)________
7．瘸的，跛的(adj.)________pineapplesplashapparentlyapparentfarmfishfoolishfoollame8．单足蹦跳(v.)________
9．牢固的，稳固的(adj.)________→坚实地，稳固地(adv.)________
10．珠宝，首饰(n.)________
11．僵硬的；不动的；不能弯曲的(adj.)________
12．系牢，缚紧(v.)________
13．稀松的，疏松的(adj.)________
14．折叠，对折(v.)________
15．适应，使适应(v.)________→适应(n.)________hopfirmfirmlyjewelleryrigidfastenloosefoldadjustadjustment
16．为(房屋或房间)配备家具(v.)________→家具(n.)________
17．赤裸的(adj.)________
18．腰，腰部(n.)________
19．尴尬的，为难的(adj.)________
20．彩虹，虹(n.)________furnishfurniturebarewaistawkwardrainbow
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．have a population ________有……人口
2．________the distance 在远处
3．set ________出发，动身
4．pull ________取出，摆脱ofinoffout
Ⅲ.语法感知
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)The teacher came into the classroom, ________(follow) by some students.
(2)________ (build) in Tang Dynasty, the temple is one of the famous places of interest in the city.
(3)________(bear) in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.
(4)Deeply ________(move), Tom thanked them again and again.
(5)________ (write) in a hurry, this article was not so good.
答案：(1)followed (2)Built (3)Born (4)moved (5)Written1.apparently adv. 看起来，显然
She turned to face him, her anger apparently gone.
她转过身面向他，她的怒气显然消失了。
知识拓展
it is apparent(that) 很显然……
it is apparent from sth. that 从……可以明显看出
it is apparent to sb. that... 在某人看来很明显……
①It soon became apparent that we had a major problem.
很明显，我们存在一个主要的问题。
②It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.
从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实难过。即学即用
完成句子
(1)很明显这个公司在亏损。
________ the company is losing a lot of money.
(2)大家都清楚他病得很厉害。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ that he was seriously ill.
答案：(1)Apparently (2)It was apparent to everyone2．resemble v．相似，类似
resemble sb./sth. in 在某方面与某人(物)相似
①She resembles her mother in the way she moves her hands when she talks.
她说话时打手势的动作像她妈妈。
②After the earthquake, the city resembled a battlefield.
地震过后，这座城市就像战场一样。
注意：(1)resemble不能用于进行时，也无被动语态。
(2)resemble是及物动词，本身已含有“与……”的意思，故不与with连用。
知识拓展
resemblance n．相似，相像
alike adj. 常用作表语，表示外表、性格和品质方面几乎相同。
be similar to 与……相似
be/look the same as... 与……完全一样
have... in common with... 与……有共同之处
①The keyboard of a typewriter and a computer are much alike.
打字机的键盘和电脑键盘很相似。
②His views are similar to mine.
他的看法和我的相似。
③The two brothers look the same as each other.
这兄弟俩长得一样。
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单句改错
He resembles with his brother in look.
_________________________________________________
答案：去掉with
3．foolish adj. 愚蠢的；傻的
①It would be foolish of us to quarrel over trifles.
我们为了小事而吵架是愚蠢的。
②He's afraid of looking foolish in front of his friends.
他怕在朋友面前出丑。拓展
foolish, silly和stupid
①I was foolish enough to believe what he told me.
我真蠢，竟相信他说的话。
②It's silly of him to do it.
他居然会那么做，真是太傻了。
③He asked a stupid question.
他问了个愚蠢的问题。
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完成句子
你不努力上大学是愚蠢的。
It's ________ ________ ________ ________ not to try to enter college.
答案：too foolish of you
4．hop v. 单足蹦跳；(指鸟兽)双足或齐足跳行
①The boy was hopping up and down the stairs.
那个男孩在楼梯上上下单足蹦跳。
②Several frogs were hopping about on the lawn.
有几只青蛙在草地上跳来跳去。辨析
jump, leap, hope和bound图解助记
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他左脚受伤了，不得不单足跳行。
He had hurt his left food and ________ ________ ________ long.
答案：had to hop5．firm
(1)adj. 牢固的；稳固的；坚实的；(指动作)稳定而有力的
①Stand the fish tank on a firm base.
把鱼缸放在牢固的基座上。
②I have a firm belief in his honesty.
我坚信他的诚实。
③Mother kept a firm hold on her son's hands as he said goodbye to her abroad.
儿子向母亲告别到国外去时，母亲紧紧地拉住他的双手。(2)v. 使牢固；使坚定；变稳固；变坚实
①The government must act to firm prices up.
政府必须采取行动使物价稳定下来。
②Exercise will firm up your muscles.
锻炼身体能使肌肉结实。
(3)n. 公司；(合伙)商
He has established his own firm.
他已建立起自己的公司。
知识拓展
(1)as firm as a rock 坚如磐石
be on firm ground 脚踏实地
(2)firmly adv. 稳固地；坚定地
He held his mother's hand firmly when crossing the street.
过马路时他紧握着母亲的手。
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这块湿地不够坚实，不能在上面走。
This wet ground is not ________ ________ ________ walk on.
答案：firm enough to6．fasten v. 系牢；缚紧；集中于；强加于；使固定
①The handbag won't fasten properly.
这手提包的口关不紧。
②Please fasten your seat belts.
请系好安全带。
③The tent flaps should be tightly fastened.
帐篷的帘布应紧紧系住。
④The dress fastens at the back.
这件连衣裙是在背后系扣的。
知识拓展
fasten up 扣牢，系牢；缚紧，把拉链拉好
fasten sth. to sth. 把某物固定/贴/钉在另一物上
fasten A and B together 将A和B牢牢系在一起
fasten one's eyes on 注视着，盯着
fasten one's attention on 集中注意力于；认真地考虑
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(1)她把目光集中在那个孩子身上。
She ________ her eyes ________ the child.
(2)他用绳索把船系在树上。
He ________ a boat ________ a tree by a rope.
答案：(1)fastened; on (2)fastened; to7．fold v. 折叠；对折；合拢；交叠
①She folded the letter and put it in an envelope.
她把信折起来，放入信封中。
②Jim folded his arms.
吉姆双臂交叉。
知识拓展
fold...in sth. 把……包在……里
fold sb./sth. in one's arms 抱住某人(某物)
fold up 折叠；对折(强调结果)图解助记
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她把信折叠起来并且放进了口袋。
She ________ ________ ________ ________ and put it into her pocket.
答案：folded the letter up
8．adjust
(1)v. 适应，使适应
①It took her two years to adjust to the life in England.
她花了两年时间来适应英格兰的生活。
②Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.
宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。
(2)v. 调整；调节；校准
①Please do not adjust your set.
请勿自行调节。
②The brakes need adjusting.
制动器需要调节了。
③There is no call for us to adjust the price.
我们无需调整价格。知识拓展
(1)adjust(oneself)to sth.使(自己)适合；适应于某事
He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.
他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。
(2)adjustment n．调整；调节
make adjustments to 对……进行调整
I've made a few minor adjustments to the seating plan.
我对座次表做了小小的调整。辨析
adjust, adapt, adopt即学即用
选词填空(adjust/adapt/adopt)
(1)The old couple decided to ________ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.
(2)If it is too cold in this room, you can ________ the air conditioner to make yourself feel comfortable.
(3)It took him some time to ________ himself to a new life.
答案：(1)adopt (2)adjust (3)adjust/adapt
9．furnish v. 为(房屋或房间)配备家具；供给
①He furnished his house with a set of furniture.
他用一套家具布置了他的房子。
②He furnished the refugees with food.(＝He furnished food to the refugees.)他供给难民食物。
③They are renting a furnished flat.
他们租用了一套带有家具的公寓房子。
知识拓展
(1)furnish sth. with sth. 用……布置……
furnish sb./sth. with sth. ＝ furnish sth. to sb./sth. 为某人/某物提供某物
be furnished with 备有，安装有，陈设有
(2)furnished adj.配备家具的
(3)furniture n．家具(总称，不可数)
即学即用
句型转换
He will furnish his new office with modern furniture.
His new office will ________ ________ ________ modern furniture.
答案：be furnished with1.have a population of 有……人口
The city has a population of 250,000.
这个城市有25万人口。
知识拓展
(1)population n. 人口
①What is the population of this city?
这个城市的人口是多少？②The population in these villages still uses well water.
这些村里的人依然饮用井水。
当population表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数；表示部分人口时，谓语动词用复数。
①The population of China is very large.
中国人口众多。
②70% percent of the population of China are peasants.
中国人口有70%是农民。
(2)What's the population of...? ……的人口是多少？
a large/small population 人口众多/稀少
an increase/growth in population 人口增长
with a population of... 有……人口
巧记population的用法
(1)对population提问用what，不用how many/much。
What is the population of India?
印度的人口是多少？
(2)“人口的增加减少”用grow/increase和fall/decrease；“人口的多少”用large和small。
The population in the area has increased in the past few years.
近几年这个地区人口的数量有所增加。即学即用
完成句子
(1)加拿大只有三千万人口，因此它看起来很空阔。
Canada only ________ ________ ________ ______ thirty millions, so it looks very empty.
(2)欧洲的人口是多少？
________ is the population of Europe?
答案：(1)has a population of (2)What2．wish for 希望得到；渴望
You have everything you could wish for.
你想要的已经全有了。
知识拓展
(1)wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人某事；wish to do sth. 希望做某事
(2)wish后的宾语从句表示虚拟语气。
如果与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时；如果与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时，如果与将来的事实相反，从句用would/could＋动词原形。①I wish I had gone to the cinema with him yesterday.
我希望我昨天与他一起去看电影了。
②I wish I had her confidence.
我希望有她的自信。
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语法填空
The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ________(not go) to it.
答案：had not gone
3．in the distance 在远处；在远方
①The sound of the cheering faded(away)in the distance.
欢呼声在远处逐渐消失了。
②I could see the bus coming in the distance.
我看见公共汽车从远处开来了。
③I heard a faint sound in the distance.
我听到远处有微弱的声音。
知识拓展
at a distance 相距；相隔
from a distance 从远方
keep one's distance 保持一定距离
keep sb. at a distance 对某人保持疏远
out of distance(from) 离……太远；达不到注意：
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即使隔了一段距离，他也能看出她情绪不好。
Even ________ ________ ________ he could see she was in a bad mood.
答案：at a distance4．set off
(1)动身；出发
①They set off in search of the missing child.
他们出发去寻找那个丢失的孩子。
②He will set off for Beijing at 7 tomorrow.
明天七点他将动身去北京。
(2)燃放(烟火、鞭炮等)
It's a custom for Chinese to set off firecrackers in the Spring Festival.
对于中国人来说春节燃放鞭炮是一种风俗习惯。
(3)引起
①What he said set off the anger of the crowd.
他的话激起了人群的愤怒。
②The discovery of gold in California set off a rush to get there.
加利福尼亚州发现金矿一事引起了淘金者蜂拥而至的热潮。(4)把……衬托得美丽
The red belt sets off her black dress.
那条红色皮带把她的黑色衣装衬托得更美。
(5)使某人开始做……
Whatever you say will set her off crying now.
现在不管你说什么都会使她哭泣。
注意：表示“出发/动身到某目的地”时，用for，不用to：set off/out for动身/出发到……。知识拓展
set about sth./doing sth. 开始某工作；着手做某事
set sth. aside 将某事物放在一边；节省；保留
set sth. down 写下来；将某事物记在纸上
set up 摆放或竖起某物；建立或开创某事物
set an example to... 给……树立榜样
set out to do sth. 着手做某事
be set in 以……为背景
set fire to/set...on fire 点火；放火
set...free 释放
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(1)刚过10点，我们就动身去伦敦了。
We ________ ________ ________ London just after ten.
(2)聚会之后，她开始打扫卫生。
She ________ ________ cleaning up after the party.
答案：(1)set off for (2)set about5．pull out 取出，摆脱，开出，恢复
①Putting his hand in his pocket, he pulled out a handkerchief.
他把手伸进口袋掏出一块手帕。
②We reached the station too late, just as the train was pulling out.
我们到达车站太迟了，当时火车正出站。
③John did not feel very well, but soon he pulled out.
约翰感到身体不太舒服，但不久就康复了。
知识拓展
pull up 停下
pull over 把车驶到路边
pull in 停下，到站，进港
pull away 开走
①The car pulled up when the light turned red.
红灯亮时，那辆轿车停了下来。
②The horse pulled away and took the lead in the race.
这匹马向前冲并在比赛中取得领先。
③I shouted to the driver of the tractor to pull over and let me through.
我向拖拉机手喊，要他把拖拉机开到路边让我过去。
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别开出来！有车过来了。
________ ________ ________！ There's something coming.
答案：Don't pull outⅠ.过去分词(短语)作状语
一、过去分词(短语)作状语的功能
过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。
1．过去分词作状语表示被动和完成的动作。
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章写得不是很好。
(written in a hurry是过去分词短语作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且“被写”的动作已经发生)
注意：过去分词(短语)作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，此时应注意人称的一致，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，他全身湿透了。
2．过去分词(短语)作状语都可以转化成相应的状语从句。
(1)作时间状语，可转化为when, while或after等引导的时间状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
→When the park is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。
(2)作条件状语，可转化成if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given another hour, I can work out this problem.
→If I am given another hour, I can work out this problem.
再给我一个小时，我能解决这个问题。
(3)作原因状语，可转化成as, because或since等引导的原因状语从句。
Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare to sleep in her room.
→Because she was frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare to sleep in her room.
受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
(4)作伴随状语，可转化为并列结构。
Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.
→Aunt Wu came in, and she was followed by her daughter.
吴大娘走过来，后面跟着她的女儿。(5)作让步状语，可转化为although, though或even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by our climb, we continued our journey.
→Although we were exhausted by our climb, we continued our journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。
注意：状语从句改为过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词(短语)”结构作状语。
二、两种易错的情况
1．忽视分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语。
注意：如果分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，则可以用下列方法来修正：
①给分词添加自己的主语，构成独立主格结构；
②给分词改变语态(现在分词与过去分词转换)；
③用相应的状语从句来表达；④用with复合结构。
例如：完成作业后，孩子们出去踢球了。
(×)Finished their homework, the children went out to play football.
(分析句子可知主语children和动词finish之间为主动关系，故用过去分词形式作状语是错误的。)
句子可改为：
Their homework finished, the children went out to play football.(独立主格结构)
Having finished their homework, the children went out to play football.(改变了语态，用现在分词)
After the children finished their homework, they went out to play football.(相应的状语从句)
With their homework finished, the children went out to play football.(with复合结构)2．有些常见的分词结构属于固定结构，其逻辑主语不需要和主句主语一致，也就是说，他们的主句主语和句子的主语没有关系，如compared with, judging from/ by, generally/ exactly speaking, considering, seeing, including, supposing/ providing/ provided等。
Judging from his appearance, he is a wealthy man.
从外表看，他是一位富翁。
Generally speaking, the more you pay, the more you get.
一般来说，付出的越多，得到的就越多。
Ⅱ.动词短语
动词短语指的是由动词＋副词，动词＋介词，动词＋副词＋介词或动词＋名词＋介词等构成的动词词组。
1．动词＋副词 这类动词词组有些可以作及物动词，也有些用作不及物动词。若为及物动词，其宾语为代词时，一定要将代词置于动词和副词之间；若宾语为名词时，可将其置于动词与副词之间，也可置于副词之后。不及物动词词组：
give in 屈服
break out 爆发
go down 下降
break down (车等)坏掉
及物动词词组：
give up 放弃
bring up 抚养，教育
give away 出卖；捐赠
carry out 执行
A big fire broke out last night in that village.
昨天晚上，在那个村里突然发生了一场大火。
The old couple are too old to bring up their little grandson.
这对老夫妇老得不能再抚养他们的小孙子了。2．动词＋介词 此类词组相当于及物动词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
come across 偶然遇到
care for 关心，喜欢
deal with 处理
result from 由……造成
When he read the book, he came across many new words.
当他读这本书时遇到了很多生词。
The exam is coming, so the students are busy going over their lessons.
考试就要来临，学生们正忙于复习功课。3．动词＋副词＋介词 此类词组的介词后一定要接宾语。
go in for 从事，爱好
get down to 开始认真干
look down upon 轻视
live up to 达到；不辜负
look forward to 盼望
put up with 容忍
make up for 弥补
Let's hurry up, or we would not catch up with the others.
我们快点，否则我们会赶不上其他人。
I can't put up with him any more.
我再也不能忍受他了。4．动词＋名词＋介词 此类词组中，名词为动词的宾语，而后面的介词也要跟宾语。但是当作为动词宾语的名词提前时，动词要用被动语态，后面形式不变。例如：
make use of... 利用……
pay attention to... 注意……
make fun of... 取笑……
take advantage of... 利用……
It is bad manners to make fun of others.
取笑别人是不礼貌的。
He took on a nurse to take care of his mother.
他雇了一个护士来照顾他的妈妈。高考直击
语法填空
(1)(2014·天津改编)Clearly and thoughtfully ________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
答案：written 本句考查的是过去分词做状语的用法。句中动词write与句子主语the book构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动。同时过去分词written表示已经完成。(2)(2013·安徽改编)________(found)in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
答案：Founded 考查过去分词作状语。句意：这所建于20世纪初期的学校一直激励孩子们对艺术的热爱。本句主语是the school，与found之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
(3)(2014·天津改编)When the sports hero turns ________ at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.
答案：up 考查动词短语。turn up 意为“出现”。句意：当那个体育明星出现在我们聚会的现场时，我们都伸出胳膊来欢迎他。(4)(2014·福建改编) As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold ________ concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.
答案：of 考查动词短语。get hold of是固定用法，意思是找到某物以供使用，抓住。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她读能够找到的关于音乐的一切，并且抓住每一个提高自己的机会。
(5)(2014·陕西改编) Ralph W. Emerson would always set ________ new ideas that occurred to him.
答案：down 考查动词短语。set down意为“记下，写下，卸下”。句意：Ralph W. Emerson总是记下他想到的新想法。即学即用
语法填空
(1)______(translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
答案：Translated 本题考查动词的非谓语形式作状语。主句主语the sentence与 translate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式表示被动意义。句意：这个句子被翻译成英语后，我们发现它的顺序完全不一样了。
(2)________(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
答案：Offered 本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：在这部影片中得到一个重要的角色后，安迪得到了一个出名的机会。根据语境，别人给安迪一个角色，即存在被动关系。所以用过去分词表被动。
(3)________(bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
答案：Bitten 句意：被我们的狗咬了两次，那位邮递员便拒绝给我们送信了，除非是我们把狗拴起来。本题考查过去分词担任原因状语。相当于原因状语从句As he was bitten twice，...注意：由过去分词转化而来的形容词在句中担任状语或后置定语时，不能和being连用。(4)________(give) the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.
答案：Given 考查了分词作状语。teenage与give之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故只能用given。
(5)________(encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
答案：Encouraged 考查非谓语动词做状语。此时考虑句子的主语和这个动词的关系，本句中encourage与farmers构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
(6)________(remind) not to miss the flight at 15：20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
答案：Reminded 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生，所以非谓语动词用过去分词。
(7)________(tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
答案：Tired 考查过去分词做状语。在此句中Tired and short of breath做伴随状语。句意：Andy 和 Ruby第一批到达了泰山之顶，筋疲力尽，气喘吁吁。Ⅰ.句型转换(状语从句与过去分词短语互换)
1．Shown around the city, we were impressed by the city's new look.(表时间)
____________________________， we were impressed by the city's new look.
2．Tired out, they stopped to have a rest.(表原因)
________________________， they stopped to have a rest.3．Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.(表条件)
________________________， they question will be of great importance.
4．Warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.(表让步)
__________________________， he still went skating on the thin ice.5．The professor entered, and was followed by his students.(表伴随)
The professor entered, ________ by his students.
6．As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.(表原因)
________ about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
7．When the monitor was asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.(表时间)
________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.8．Though all the tasks were completed ahead of time, the manager was still unsatisfied.(表让步)
All the tasks ________ ahead of time, the manager was still unsatisfied.
答案：1.After we had been shown around the city 2.Because they were tired out 3.If it is considered from this point of view 4.Though he was warned of the danger 5.followed 6.Worried 7.Asked 8.completedⅡ.结合句意用适当的介、副词填空
1．She's having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn't know whom to turn ________.
2．Though he met a difficult problem, he managed to get it ________ at last.
3．The final exam is coming up soon. It's time for us to get ________ to out studies.
4．Bill Gates decided to give ________parts of his fortune.
5．Hearing the voice of help outside, he put on his coat and rushed ________.
6．The society today offers the young generation more chances to show ________ their talent and skills.
7．Let's work together to cope ________ the present challenge.
8．His success depended ________ his hard work.
答案：1.to 2.over 3.down 4.away 5.out 6.off
7．with 8.onⅢ.单项填空
1．“We are taking off now. Please ________ your safety belt，” announced the air hostess.
A．tie B．attach
C．fasten D．bind
答案：C tie指用丝或绳将人或物捆住、束缚住；attach指用绳子或其他方法把一件东西系在或固定在另一件东西上，常与to连用；fasten一般指用绳捆绑，使东西固定；bind强调将人或物紧紧地捆绑起来，使其不能动弹。2．When people feel uncomfortable or nervous, they may ________ their arms across their chests as if to protect themselves.
A．toss B．fold
C．veil D．yield
答案：B 题意：当人们觉得不自在或紧张时，他们可能会将双臂交叉在胸前，仿佛是要保护自己。fold“折叠，交叉”，fold one's arms“交臂”，符合题意。toss“投掷；摇荡；辗转”；veil“戴面纱；隐藏”；yield“生产；屈服”。
3．This kind of desk can be ________ to the height you need. Besides, it is not expensive at all.
A．adopted B．adjusted
C．addicted D．adapted
答案：B 句意：这种书桌可以根据你所需要的高度进行调整，除此之外，它一点也不贵。考查短语搭配。adjust to是一个短语意为“调整”符合句意，其他选项不符合句意。4．—What's wrong with him?
—The picture he came across ________ his memory of a sad story in his childhood.
A．put off B．took off
C．set off D．ran off
答案：C 句意：——他怎么啦？——他偶然发现的那张照片激起了他童年悲伤的回忆。考查动词短语的辨析。put off意为“推迟”，take off意为“取下来”，set off意为“引爆，引发”，run off意为“逃掉”，根据句意答案选C项。5．—How much farther shall we have to go?
—Another five miles until we reach the mountain ________.
A．at a distance B．in a distance
C．at distance D．in the distance
答案：D at a distance 意为“从某一距离，隔一段距离”；in the distance意为“在远处”；B、C选项不存在。句意：“——我们还要走多远？——再走5英里，一直走到远处的那座山就到了。”6．The population of China ________ large and 80% of the population ________ farmers.
A．are; is B．is; are
C．was; are D．is; were
答案：B 句意：中国的人口很多，百分之八十的人是农民。考查population短语作主语时谓语动词的数。population两个含义，指“人口”，表示概念，不可数名词，谓语使用单数；指“人”时，集合名词，谓语动词采用复数形式。
7．I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't________.
A．get along B．get on
C．get to D．get through
答案：D 考查短语动词的辨析。句意：我试着给她办公室打电话，但没有打通。get along “进展；相处”；get on “上车”；get to“到达”；get through“通过”。依据句意选D。
8．It's reported that she will appear ________ as a judge in the movie.
A．to dress B．dressing
C．dressed D．being dressed
答案：C 考查过去分词作伴随状语。(be)dressed as 为固定搭配，意思是“打扮成……”。Module 5 第三课时
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Without the rain, there would be no ________(彩虹)．
2．They recorded the weight of the mushrooms each________(采集者) collected.
3．His book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive ________(社会)．
4．Some people like fat meat, ________(然而) others hate it.
5．Before the ________(到来，到达)of the white man, Australia was inhabited solely by Aborigines.
答案：1.rainbow 2.gatherer 3.society 4.whereas
5．arrival
Ⅱ.用所给词(短语)的正确形式填空
1．He ________ surfing the Internet and doesn't go home all day long.
2．Please hold the rope ________.
3．Businesses need time to ________ the changes of economic circumstances.
4．Make sure of ________ all the doors and windows when you are away.
5．It will be ________ to change your mind now.
6．It is ________ to any reader that there are several mistakes in this article.
7．The couple usually quarreled and ________ soon.
8．Look! There is a village ____________________ and we had better go there to get some help.
9．Now we are working in a fully ________ office.
10．After a two-day rest, the travelers ________ again.
答案：1.falls for 2.firmly 3.adjust to 4.fastening
5．foolish 6.apparent 7.made up 8.in the distance
9．furnished 10.set off
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
【全国新课标卷题型】
The Internet has become part of young people's life. __1__ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet. Most of them get __2__(use) information on the Internet __3__ use the Internet to help with their studies. But many students don't use it __4__ a good way. Some play games too much, and some visit websites __5__ shouldn't look at. So bad things may happen __6__ students spend too much time on the Internet.
__7__ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, __8__ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful __9__(advise)．
Some students also make friends on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face __10__(meet) with your online friends, please let your parents know and meet in a proper place.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.A 2.useful 3.and 4.in 5.they 6.if 7.It 8.which 9.advice 10.meeting
【辽宁卷题型】
A：I __1__(see) a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday.
B：Where would you keep them?
A：__2__ that round bottle over there.
B：It's a bit small, isn't it?
A：__3__ are the fish.
B：I think you should get a tank __4__ you want to keep fish.
A：Really?
B：Yes. You should never keep fish in a small round bottle. They don't get __5__ air. I suggest we __6__(go) shopping together and look for a nice tank.
A：That __7__ be quite expensive.
B：Check the prices before you buy __8__. And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them.
A：Is there anything else __9__ I ought to get?
B：Yes, you need to get some underwater plants. For one thing they keep the water clean. Also they make the tank look much __10__(pretty)．
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.saw 2.In 3.So 4.if 5.enough 6.(should ) go 7.might/may 8.one 9.that 10.prettier
Ⅳ.完形填空
A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest like the forests we now find in Malaysia and Thailand. As more and more__1__came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is no forest left, __2__there are still some areas covered with trees. We call these__3__.
Elephants, tigers, monkeys and many other animals used to live in the__4__forests of Hong Kong, and there were even crocodiles in the__5__and along the coast. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the animals began to__6__out. Early farmers drained(排干)the valleys to grow rice and to keep pigs and chickens. They__7__the trees and burnt them. They needed fires to keep themselves__8__in winter, to cook their food, and to keep away from dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough__9__for them. So did most of the wolves, leopards and tigers. Monkeys, squirrels and many other animals soon died out in the same__10__.
You might think that there are__11__any animals in Hong Kong, except in the__12__. You might think that there cannot be any wild animals in such a__13__place, with so many cars and buildings. But there is__14__a good deal of countryside and the New Territories, and there are still about thirty-six different kinds of animals living there.
One of the most interesting of Hong Kong's__15__is the barking deer. These are beautiful little creatures with a rich, brown coat and a white patch(斑)under the tail. They look like deer but they are much__16__. They are less than two feet high. The male barking deer has two small horns(角)but the female has none. They make a__17__rather like a dog barking.
Barking deer live in thick shrub(灌木)country and are very good at__18__. They eat grass and shrubs, mainly in the very early morning and late afternoon and evening. This is when you are mostly to see one but you will need to be very quiet and to have very sharp__19__.
In Hong Kong the barking deer has only one__20__—man. Although it is against the law, people hunt and trap these harmless animals. As a result, there are now not many left. There are a few on Hong Kong Island but none in the New Territories.
1．A.people B．mankind
C．ladies D．human
答案：A 从空后的“...came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt.”得出答案。mankind意思是“人类”；不指具体的人。human指人时应该用复数。
2．A.as B．since
C．though D．because
答案：C 前句说没有森林，下一句说有一些小片树林，用though构成转折关系。B、D都不能表示转折关系。A项as尽管可以表示转折，但不能放在从句之首。
3．A.deserts B．shades
C．fields D．woods
答案：D “小片的树木”称作woods“树林”。
4．A.thin B．thick
C．short D．dying
答案：B 首句说到香港原来有茂密的森林(a thick forest)，本句是说在大片的森林中有许多动物。
5．A.rivers B．hills
C．sky D．mountains
答案：A 鳄鱼当然生活在水里。
6．A.die B．look
C．come D．get
答案：A die out的意思是“灭绝”。人来此以后，对动物大肆捕杀，所以有些动物就会die out“灭绝了”。
7．A.planted B．looked after
C．cared for D．cut down
答案：D 根据上文可知，人们砍伐树木来燃烧，所以应选D。
8．A.cold B．cool
C．warm D．hot
答案：C 从上下文的讲述我们得知，燃烧木材可以用火做饭，吓唬动物，以及在冬天取暖等。
9．A.air B．food
C．water D．clothes
答案：B 大象是植食动物，大自然的花草树木被破坏，大象就没有足够的食物。
10．A.way B．road
C．street D．rail
答案：A in the same way意思是“以相同的方式”。
11．A.ever B．always
C．no D．no longer
答案：D 从空后的any得此答案。
12．A.zoos B．shops
C．kitchens D．parks
答案：A 由上下文及常识可知，除了森林，动物当然是关在动物园里。
13．A.free B．busy
C．big D．large
答案：B 香港是个繁华拥挤的地方，下文的so many cars and buildings也是一个提示。
14．A.no more B．nearly
C．still D．hardly
答案：C 从下文可知，香港及新界还有许多农村地带。
15．A.animals B．plants
C．fishes D．birds
答案：A 依据句意：barking deer是香港最有趣的动物之一，可知选择animals。
16．A.greater B．larger
C．smaller D．heavier
答案：C 下文说这种动物不到两英尺高，可见比一般的deer小。
17．A.noise B．voice
C．song D．living
答案：A make a noise是固定短语，“发出喧闹嘈杂声”。
18．A.barking B．eating
C．planting D．hiding
答案：D 下文说这种动物只在清晨、傍晚以及晚上才出来吃草，所以它们是善于躲避藏匿的。
19．A.ears B．eyes
C．mouths D．noses
答案：B 从上下文可知这种动物藏身于灌木中，你要发现它们就得目光敏锐。
20．A.neighbor B．brother
C．enemy D．friend
答案：C 人类捕杀动物，当然是动物的天敌。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A chance to meet the Inuit people of Nunavut in Canada. While staying with the Inuit people you will have the chance to ride on a dog sled and canoe in a seal skin kayak.
If you do not eat meat, this tour is not for you as the Inuit eat mainly animals，birds and fish. This means they need to move around to gather food. You will join them when they are furthest south in the Arctic Circle. You will stay in igloos (houses made from snow) or tents and wear clothes made from animal skins.
The Inuit usually live in small family groups but have large summer gatherings for feasts and celebrations where they swap stories. You will have the chance to join in with one of these large gatherings. You will have the opportunity to take part in the drumming and dancing，and listen to traditional accounts of bravery as well as play games! While dancing you may even be asked to wear a special animal dance mask which is usually carved from wood. The Inuit believe in animal spirits. Their jewellery is made from owl claws，wolf bones and bird skulls and you will get the chance to make some of these unusual pieces of jewellery.
1．While staying with the Inuit people you will have the chance to ________.
A. ride on a dog sled and canoe in a seal skin kayak
B. take part in the drumming and dancing
C. listen to traditional accounts of bravery as well as play games
D. All of the above
答案：D 细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知A项正确；由第三段第三句可知B、C两项正确。
2．Why do the Inuit need to move around?
A. Because their living place is very cold in winter
B. Because they need to hunt animals, birds and fish for food
C. Because they need to grow vegetables in summer
D. Because there is a lot of wind in winter
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段前两句可知，因纽特人的主要食物是动物、鸟和鱼，他们要不断迁徙以猎取食物。
3．In summer，the Inuit gather for ________.
A. hunting
B. selling and exchanging things
C. feasts and celebrations
D. weddings
答案：C 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知答案。
4．Why is the Inuit's jewellery made from animals' bones?
A．Because it is much easier to make jewellery from animals' bones
B．Because jewellery made from animals' bones looks more beautiful
C．Because it is lighter to wear
D．Because the Inuit believe in animal spirits
答案：D 细节理解题。从最后一段最后两句可知，因纽特人相信动物灵魂，所以他们佩戴由动物骨骼制成的首饰。
5．Where does the passage probably come from?
A. a science report
B. a diary
C. a travel advertisement
D. a travel brochure
答案：D 推理判断题。文章注意介绍了在旅游中将会遇到的事情，时态以现在时和将来时为主，所以不可能是日记(diary)和科学报告(science report)；没有具体的时间和旅游路线，所以也不可能是广告。
Ⅵ.短文改错
假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I'm eighteen years old and I live in small village in the Peak District , not far from Nottingham. I grow up in this village, so I know everyone here. That's the problem—the problem is there's nothing to do , and nobody of my age to do it with ! At the moments I travel into Nottingham every day to the shop as I work. There's a bus at 7：30 in the morning or the last bus back in the evening is at 5：30 . From September, therefore, I'm going to stay in Nottingham by my aunt and uncle when my cousin joins in the Navy . I can use his room . I'm really looking forward to living in Nottingham.
答案：
I'm eighteen years old and I live insmall village in the Peak District , not far from Nottingham. I up in this village, so I know everyone here. That's the problem—the problem is there's nothing to do , and nobody of my age to do it with ! At the I travel into Nottingham every day to the shop I work. There's a bus at 7：30 in the morning the last bus back in the evening is at 5：30 . From September, ， I'm going to stay in Nottingham my aunt and uncle when my cousin joins the Navy . I can use his room . I'm really looking forward to living in Nottingham.
课件56张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 · 选修7 Ethnic CultureModule 51.1.1 集合的概念第三课时 Cultural Corner & Task1.1.1 集合的概念Module 5
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．然而；鉴于(conj.)________
2．(澳大利亚)土著居民(n.)________
3．采集者(n.)________→聚集，集合(v.)________
4．特定的(adj.)________whereasaboriginegatherergatherparticular
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．________example 例如
2．die ________死于……
3．take ________ 举行；发生
4．make ________ 组成，构成forfromplaceup1.whereas conj. 然而；鉴于
①He was poor, whereas his brother was very rich.
他很贫穷，而他的弟弟却很富有。
②His father likes reading whereas his mother is interested in watching TV.
他父亲喜欢读书，而他母亲喜欢看电视。辨析
whereas, however, though
whereas相当于while，通常连接内容和结构对称的句子，表示对比、对立。
however“然而；可是”，放在句中、句首和句末都要用逗号与句子分开。
though“尽管；虽然”，表示让步关系，引导状语从句。though还可以用作副词，放在句末，用逗号与句子分开。①The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.
北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很暖和。
②He, however, didn't understand at all the theory on which I based my invention.
然而，他对我的发明的理论基础一点也不懂。
③He went to school though he was very ill.
尽管他病得很重，但他还是去上学了。
即学即用
语法填空
Modesty helps one to go forward, ________ conceit(自负) makes one lag behind.
答案：whereas/while2．remain v．(东西)剩下，遗留；(人)留下，逗留；保持，仍是[不用被动语态，无进行时]
①After the fire nothing remained of the house.
大火之后，房子所剩无几。
②I didn't remain long in the city.
我在城里没逗留多久。
③The natural beauty of the country remains unchanged.
这个国家的自然美景仍然未变。
④In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best of friends.
尽管有过争吵，他们仍是最好的朋友。知识拓展
(1)remain＋adj./n./to do/分词/介词短语 保持……
sth. remains to be done某事还没做完
(2)remaining adj.剩余的[作前置定语]
即学即用
完成句子
你是否正确，以后可见分晓。
It ________ ________ ________ ________ whether you are right.
答案：remains to be seen3．particular
(1)adj. 特定的；特殊的；挑剔的
①I'm looking for a particular book on Asian art.
我在找一本亚洲艺术方面的书。
②You should pay particular attention to spelling.
你应特别注意拼写。
③She is particular about what she eats.
她十分讲究吃。(2)n. 细节；详情
in particular 尤其；特别地
①He worked out the particulars of the contact.
他制订出了合同的详细内容。
②There is nothing in particular I want for my birthday.
我对生日没有什么特别想要的。辨析
especially, specially, particularly
(1)especially指某事超乎一般的重要，强调“超过其他”；常用于一些强调需要得到特别注意或特别待遇的场合，含有对比的意味。
(2)specially多指为了某一特定目的而专门做某事。
(3)particularly表示“特别地；尤其地”，可以与especially，但particularly还可作“详细地，细致地”讲，侧重指从同类中把特例选出，强调在某一方面表现尤为突出。
即学即用
语法填空
On Teachers' Day, we all went to school________(special) to see our teachers.
答案：speciallydie from死于……
①In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die from the polluted air.
在大城市里，在寒冷的冬季，许多老年人死于空气污染。
②In a severe winter, wild animals can die from lack of food.
在寒冬，野生动物可能因缺少食物而死亡。知识拓展
(1)die of死于……，因……而死
Her grandfather died of cancer.
他祖父死于癌症。
(2)be dying for sth[to do sth.]迫切想要(做)某事
①He is dying for something to eat.
他极想弄点东西吃。
②She is dying to know where he has gone.
她迫切想知道他到哪里去了。(3)die away(声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱
The breeze has died away.
微风渐渐止住了。
(4)die down(慢慢)熄灭，平静下来
①The fire died down.
火慢慢熄了。
②His anger has died down a bit.
他的怒气已消了一点。
(5)die off一个一个地死去(＝die one by one)
As he grew older, his relatives all died off.
随着他年龄的增长，他的亲人都一个一个地死去了。
(6)die out(家族、种族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹
Many old customs are dying out.
许多旧习俗正在消失。
即学即用
(1)这些动物在雪中饿死了。
The animals ________ ________ starvation in the snow.
(2)别担心，流言飞语不久就会消失的。
Don't worry, the gossip will soon ________ ________.
答案：(1)die from (2)die down1.It is generally agreed that Native Americans came across from Asia, somewhere between 12,000 and 25,000 years ago.
人们通常认为印第安人是在大约12000～25000年间来自亚洲的。
句中It's generally agreed that...(＝People generally agree that...)“人们通常认为……”。it用作形式主语；that引导主语从句，为真正主语。
It was agreed that we should hold another meeting.
大家一致同意，我们应该再开一次会。知识拓展
It is said that... 据说……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is thought that... 人们普遍认为……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is(well)known that... 众所周知……
It is supposed that... 人们认为……
It is considered that... 人们认为……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……①It is said that Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2013 will be held in Hainan.
据说博鳌亚洲论坛2013年年会将在海南举行。
②It is believed that only cooperation between countries can ensure the peace in the world.
人们认为只有国家之间相互合作才能保证世界的和平。
注意：这种结构可以转化为以下两种句型：
sb./sth. be said/thought/hoped...＋to do sth.
People say/think/hope...＋that从句其中，to do有三种形式，即to do, to be doing(表正在进行)，to have done(表已经发生)。
It's often said that we are living in an age of information explosion.
＝People often say that we are living in an age of information explosion.
＝We are said to be living in an age of information explosion.
人们常说，我们生活在信息爆炸的时代。高考直击
语法填空
(2014·江西改编)He is thought ________ foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
答案：to have acted 本句考查的是固定句式：Sb be though to...某人被认为……；如果表示的是一个已经完成的动作，就使用不定式的完成式，如果是正在进行的动作，就使用不定式的进行式。句意：他被认为表现很糟糕，现在他只能责怪自己丢了那份工作。根据句义可知他表现很糟糕是在丢掉工作之前，所以使用不定式的完成式。
即学即用
语法填空
(1)It is often________(say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
(2)It has been proved________eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
答案：(1)said (2)that
2．The people had thick straight black hair, dark eyes and brown skin.
他们有浓密的且又黑又直的头发、黑眼睛和棕色皮肤。
本句中名词hair前有三个形容词：thick, straight和black。多个形容词作定语修饰名词时，形容词的排列顺序一般为“限定词→一般描绘性的→表示大小形状的→表示性质的→表示色彩的→表示长幼、新旧的→表示国籍、地区、出处的→表示物质、材料的→表示用途、类别的→被修饰的名词”。如：①My friend's restaurant serves delicious red French wine.
我朋友的酒馆有美味的法国红葡萄酒。
②The artist's expensive long blue Chinese oil paintings have been stolen.
那位艺术家的贵重的长幅蓝色中国油画被盗了。
即学即用
这是一张法国黑色木桌子。
This is a ________ ________ ________ table.
答案：black French wooden3．They were a hunting, fishing culture, but as they moved round, many kinds of society developed, speaking many languages.
印第安文化主要在于打措和捕鱼，不过在他们四处迁徙的时候，很多的社会形态得到了发展，语言也有了很多种类。
这是一个复合句。as引导一个时间状语从句，主句是many kinds of society developed；speaking many languages为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。as作为连词时有“随着”之意。辨析
with, as
with表示“随着”时，是介词，后接名词、代词或名词短语。
as表示“随着”时，是连词，后接as引导的时间状语从句。
With time going on(＝As time goes on), he gradually realizes it's right.
随着时间的流逝，他慢慢认识到那是对的。
即学即用
语法填空
I couldn't do my homework with all that noise________(go on)．
答案：going onⅠ.完成句子
1．人们普遍认为孩子不应该玩网络游戏。
____________________ that children shouldn't play computer games.
2．汤姆怎么会和老师吵架呢？
________________Tom quarrelled with the teacher?
3．我喜欢弹钢琴而我妹妹喜欢跳舞。
I prefer playing the piano ________ my sister likes dancing.
4．据报道这两国之间有些分歧。
______________ there are some disagreement between the two countries.
5．他们沿着河边边走边笑。
The laughed ________ they walked down the river.
答案：1.It is generally agreed 2.How come 3.while/where as 4.It is reported that 5.asⅡ.单项填空
1．It remains ________ what side effect the medicine will bring about, although it has been tested on some patients.
A．seen B．to be seen
C．seeing D．to have seen
答案：B 句意：尽管这种药物已经用于临床，但是它的副作用是什么还有待于进一步观察。考查作表语的成分。remain to be seen是一个常用搭配短语，意为“……有待于进一步观察”，符合句意。2．Chang'e Satellite is named after a famous Chinese fairy，who is said ________ to the moon.
A．having flown B．to have flown
C．to be flying D．flying
答案：B 句意：嫦娥卫星是根据一位著名的中国神话人物命名的，据说这位仙人飞到了月球。考查句型结构。此处be said to do sth.是一个句型，意为“据说……”，因为fly发生在say之前，故不定式用现在完成时态，表已发生过的事情，故答案选B项。
3．He decided to ________ Beijing to attend the medical conference.
A．set off from B．set off for
C．set off D．set off to
答案：B 句意：他决定启程去北京参加医学大会。set off for“启程到(某地)”。
4．________ good, the food was soon sold out.
A．Tasted B．Being tasted
C．Tasting D．Having tasted
答案：C food与taste之间是主谓关系，用现在分词形式作状语，故选C项。
5．________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest country does not seem big at all.
A．Compare B．When comparing
C．Comparing D．When compared
答案：D 句意：与整个地球相比时，最大的国家看起来也根本不大了。country与compare为动宾关系，故应用过去分词。互助导学
◎学生：英语说明文写作有什么特点？
◎老师：英语说明文的特点：知识的科学性；行文的条理性；语言的准确性。说明文体的书面表达要求简明扼要、逻辑严密、切忌含糊其辞、模棱两可、概念错误或者存在知识性的偏差。
◎学生：对于说明文的语言有什么特殊的要求吗？
◎老师：(1)恰当地使用过渡词语体现时间顺序、空间顺序及逻辑顺序。(2)以主动语态、陈述句式为主，为了表达的灵活也可以选用其他表达形式。(3)时态较多用现在时。
◎学生：说明文的命题方式有哪些？
◎老师：说明文的命题多为图表或文字提示，写作形式有书信、报道、说明书、实验报告、介绍路线、工厂、家乡、景点、学校等。典题示例
众所周知，中国有56个民族，每个民族都有自己的传统习俗、服装和文化。请你根据下列信息介绍一个少数民族——傣族。
人口：大约1 159 000；
居住区：山川秀丽、气候温和、雨量充足的云南西部和南部；
生活习惯：能歌善舞，以孔雀舞出名；
风俗：每年四月举行泼水节，以便消除灰尘和灾难；被泼的水越多，来年越幸福。提示：孔雀舞 the Peacock Dance
泼水节 the Water-Splashing Festival
词数：120个左右
审题谋篇
答案：说明文 客观准确地描述，向读者传达信息 一般现在时 第三人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①众所周知 ______________________
②气候温和 ______________________
③雨量充足 ______________________
④消除灰尘 ______________________
⑤越……，越…… ______________________2．句式：(一句多译)
①众所周知，中国有56个民族，每个民族都有自己的传统习俗、服装和文化。
a．__________________， there are 56 ethnic groups in China，each with its traditional customs，costumes and culture.
(用It is＋过去分词＋that从句改写句子)
b．__________________ there are 56 ethnic groups in China，each with its traditional customs, costumes and culture.
(用表语从句和独立主格结构改写句子)c．__________________ is that there are 56 ethnic groups in China, each having its traditional customs, costumes and culture.
②傣族大约有1 159 000人；居住在山川秀丽、气候温和、雨量充足的云南西部和南部。
a．The Dai Ethnic Group _____________________who live in the west and south areas of Yunnan, where there are beautiful mountains, a mild climate, and abundant rainfall.
b．The Dai Ethnic Group __________________________， who live in the west and south areas of Yunnan, where there are beautiful mountains, a mild climate, and abundant rainfall.③傣族人民能歌善舞，以孔雀舞出名。
The Dai people are known to ________ singing and dancing the Peacock Dance.
(用it is＋过去分词＋that...句型改写句子)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
④据认为，被泼的水越多，来年越幸福。
a．__________________ the more water one is splashed with, the happier one will be in the next year.
b．__________________ the more water one is splashed with, the happier one will be in the next year.答案：1.①as is known to us all ②a mild climate ③abundant rainfall ④wash away the dust ⑤the more... the more
2．①a.As is known to us all
b．It is known to us all that
c．What is known to us all
②a.is made up of around 1,159,000 people.
b．has a population of around 1,159,000 people
③be good at; It is well known that the Dai people do well in singing and dancing the Peacock Dance.
④a.It is believed that
b．People believe that妙笔成篇
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
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答案：
As is known to us all, there are 56 ethnic groups in China, each with its traditional customs, costumes and culture. So is the Dai Ethnic Group. The Dai Ethnic Group is made up of around 1,159, 000 people, who live in the west and south areas of Yunnan, where there are beautiful mountains, a mild climate, and abundant rainfall. The Dai people are known to be good at singing and dancing the Peacock Dance. The Water-Splashing Festival is an annual grand festival held in April. They think they can wash away the dust and avoid disasters by splashing water on each other. It is believed that the more water one is splashed with, the happier one will be in the next year.
