山西省大同市阳高县2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力部分）

阳高县2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末考试
英语试卷
本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：1、答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2、请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
A
In a small Italian town, hundreds of years ago, a small business owner owed a large sum of money to a loan-shark. The loan-shark was a very old, unattractive looking guy that just so happened to fancy the business owner’s daughter.
He decided to offer the businessman a deal that would completely wipe out the debt he owed him. However, the trap was that he would only wipe out the debt if he could marry the businessman’s daughter, heedless to say, this proposal was met with a look of disgust.
The loan-shark said that he would place two pebbles into a bag, one white and one black. The daughter would then have to reach into the bag and pick out a pebble. If it was black, the debt would be wiped, but the loan-shark would then marry her. If it was white, the debt would also be wiped, but the daughter wouldn’t have to many the loan-shark.
Standing on a pebble-strewn path in the businessman’s garden, the loan-shark bent over and picked up two pebbles. While he was picking them up, the daughter noticed that he’d picked up two black pebbles and placed them both into the bag. He then asked the daughter to reach into the bag and pick one.
She drew out a pebble from the bag, and before checking, it ‘accidentally’ dropped into the midst of the other pebbles. She said to the loan-shark, “Oh，how clumsy (笨拙的）of me. Never mind, if you look into the bag for the one that is left, you will be able to tell which pebble I picked.” The pebble left in the bag is obviously black, and not wanting to be exposed, the loan-shark had to play along as if the pebble the daughter dropped was white, and clear her father’s debt.
1、What is the businessman and his daughter’s attitude towards the proposal
A. Supportive B. Disapproved C. Neutral D. Skeptical
2、Why did the pebble drop
A. Because the daughter pretended it
B. Because the pebble was too slip to hold.
C. Because the daughter was too clumsy to hold it.
D. Because the businessman was angry and rejected the game.
3、What did the daughter choose to do at last
A. She refused to pick a pebble from the bag.
B. She took both pebbles out of the bag and expose the cheat.
C. She chose not to expose the loan-shark while winning the bet with a trick.
D. She picked the black pebble from the bag and decided to sacrifice herself.
B
In March, I traveled to Kakuma, Kenya with UNICEF (联合国儿童基金会), to learn what it was like for refugees (难民) to live there and go to their schools. Most of my time, however, was spent with kids in schools.
Head teacher of Mogadishu Primary School, Pascal Lukosi, greeted me in the office. The school had 2,815 students who sat shoulder to shoulder in the classroom. I quickly did the math: one teacher for every 134 students. Crammed classrooms are common in Kakuma’s schools. And many kids don’t go to school at the proper age.
Motorbikes, called boda-bodas, are the main means of transportation on Kakuma’s roads. There are no buses, and most of the kids walk to school. For some, the trip takes more than an hour each way. I asked what they usually did after school, “I bring back water and wash clothes,” said Njema Nadai Ben, a 12-year-old boy. There is a severe shortage of running water here, so refugees have to walk to one of the camp’s wells to get water.
What about homework “We don’t have lights to read at night,” explained Rachel Akol Dau aged 17. Homes there also lack electricity. In spite of the conditions, Rachel and other students find their way to study. “I light firewood. That gives me light,” She told me, “I want to change the future of my family.”
At Morneau Shepell Secondary School for Girls students wake at 4.30, eat breakfast at 6:00, and start the class at 7:30. “The school is there to give the girls a safe place,” said Mohamud Hure, a UN officer in Kakuma. In one classroom, students announced to visitors what they wanted to do in life. Most of them dreamed of becoming doctors, lawyers and engineers.
When I left, I took a picture of Rose, the girl I met on my first day. She dreams of a career as a doctor. This year, she’ll graduate from primary school. “It’s education that brings me faith in changing my life,” said Rose.
4、What does the underlined word “Crammed” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Large. B. Clean. C. Overcrowded. D. Damaged.
5、What do we know about the kids in Kakuma
A. They lead a very tough life.
B. They begin to study at an early age.
C. They always go to school by boda-boda.
D. They have a busy and stressful school life.
6、Which of the following can best describe Rachel
A. Creative and generous. B. Caring and far sighted.
C. Confident and cautious. D. Modest and determined.
7、What do the kids think of education
A. It is valueless. B. It is out of reach.
C. It rids them of unfairness. D. It gives them hope.
C
New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment (认知损坏) may not necessarily develop dementia (痴呆) and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal.
The study, led by researchers at the University of Waterloo, may reassure those with mild cognitive impairment as it contradicts a common assumption that the condition is simply an early stage of dementia. People with mild cognitive impairment show signs of cognitive decline, but not enough to prevent them from performing typical daily tasks. They have been considered at higher risk of progressing to the more severe cognitive decline seen in dementia.
“Possessing high cognitive reserve, based on education, high academic grades, and written language skills, may predict what happens years after someone receives a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment,” said Suzanne Tyas, a professor in the School of Public Health Sciences at Waterloo and lead author. “Even after considering age, genetics and established risk factors for dementia, we found that higher levels of education more than doubled the chances that people with mild cognitive impairment would return to normal cognition instead of progressing to dementia.”
The study’s findings have meanings for treatment and research in people with mild cognitive impairment.
“If individuals with higher cognitive reserve are more likely to improve even without treatment, then this needs to be taken into consideration when recruiting participants for clinical trials of prospective treatments and when interpreting the results of these trials,” Tyas said, adding there’s no cure for most causes of dementia, so prevention is key.
8、About mild cognitive impairment, which is consistent with the study
A. It surely results in dementia. B. It is an early stage of dementia.
C. It will stop people's daily action. D. It doesn’t surely lead to dementia.
9、How is one’s cognitive reserve assessed
A. Through personal income. B. Through social frequency.
C. Through his education. D. Through personal relationship.
10、What is the most significant to do with dementia
A. Early prevention. B. Medical care.
C. Proper cure. D. Specific medicine.
11、What is the main idea of the text
A. People with cognitive impairment show cognitive decline.
B. Age and genetics are established risk factors for dementia.
C. A study focuses on the consequence of cognitive impairment.
D. Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.
D
Box jellyfish (箱型水母) are the most poisonous marine animals known to man. They measure 3 meters long and weigh up to 2 kilograms. They are pale blue and transparent in color, and get their name from the cube-like shape of their body. Box jellyfish have 6 eyes on all 4 sides of their body, although it is uncertain how they process what they see as they do not have a central nervous system. They also have up to 15 tentacles (触须) growing from each corner of their body that have about 5,000 stinging (带刺的) cells each.
Box jellyfish can be found primarily in the coastal waters off Northern Australia as well as throughout the Indo-Pacific. They prefer to live at river mouths. They do not have any organs to breathe, and will sleep on the ocean floor from 3 p.m. to dawn. Unlike other jellyfish that merely move along with the current, box jellyfish have developed a way to travel wherever they want to go. They will shoot themselves in a jet-like fashion, reaching speeds of up to 7.4 kilometers per hour.
The diet of box jellyfish consists of thing like fish, small animals, and even other jellyfish. They use their venom, a chemical which causes heart, skin, and breath failure, to kill their prey. Since box jellyfish have eyes, some scientists believe that they actively hunt their prey, holding the belief that box jellyfish have developed a special set of eyes similar to humans that help them skillfully avoid obstacles in the ocean, while others insist that they are just passive opportunists that will wait and catch anything that wanders into their tentacles.
Box jellyfish are responsible for more human deaths in Australia than snakes, sharks, and salt-water crocodiles combined. It is best to avoid them as most stings will result in death. Hopefully, humans and box jellyfish can find a way to live with one another while keeping conflicts to a bare minimum. After all, such a unique species of jellyfish deserves to live and grow just as humans do.
12、Which of the following is NOT mentioned about box jellyfish from the first paragraph
A. Its size. B. Its poisonousness. C. Its color. D. Its hardness.
13、What can we infer about box jellyfish from the passage
A. They live in the deep sea in groups.
B. They can breathe on the ocean floor.
C. They can decide the direction in which they move.
D. They usually move along with the current.
14、The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A. box jellyfish B. scientists
C. box jellyfish’s prey D. box jellyfish’s tentacles
15、What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce some poisonous animals.
B. To describe a kind of animal under the sea.
C. To illustrate scientists’ research into box jellyfish.
D. To show the relationship between humans and jellyfish.
二、七选五（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
16、Tips of Healthy Lifestyle
There’s no secret - the simplest things are often the best, says nutritionist Dr John Briffa, if we want to feel good all year round.
Eat mindfully.
In our fast-paced world, there can be a tendency to eat while distracted and shovel in more food than we need and, at the same time, miss out on culinary pleasure. ①______ So some things to think about here are avoiding eating when distracted, eating more slowly, and taking time to taste food properly. ②______
Get plenty of sunlight in the summer.
Sunlight, as well as the vitamin D that can be made in the skin, is associated with a wide spectrum of benefits for the body. In general, vitamin D is made when our shadow is shorter than our body length, ie when the sun is high in the sky. ③______
Get enough sleep.
Sleep has the ability to optimize mental and physical energy, and optimal levels of sleep (about eight hours a night) are linked with reduced risk of chronic disease (慢性病) and improved longevity. ④______ Getting into bed by 10pm or 10:30pm is a potentially useful investment in terms of your short-and long-term health and well-being.
⑤______
Modern-day living tends to be ambitious and we can easily find ourselves chasing an ever-growing list of goals, many of which can be material. Some of us could do with spending more time focusing not on what we don't have, but on what we do. Our mood can be lifted by giving thanks for anything from our friends and family to a beautiful landscape or sunset.
A. Practise the art of appreciation
B. Don't be ambitious and get what you can get.
C. While burning is to be avoided get as much sunlight exposure as possible for ideal health.
D. One simple strategy that can help ensure you get optimal amounts of sleep is to go to bed earlier.
E. One particular thing to focus on is chewing your food thoroughly.
F. Lack of sleep will keep you in a good condition.
G. Many of us will benefit from eating mindfully.
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
The Cajun Navy is a group of volunteer small boat owners who help people during bad storms and floods. The group 1 volunteering during Hurricane Katrina. During that storm alone, they 2 more than 10,000 people from flooded homes and rooftops!Since then, they have saved more 3 around the US!The Cajun Navy has gone to save during many of the worst 4 that hit the US, such as Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Florence.
Using their 5 they always go into places where people and animals are trapped by floodwaters. They bring their small boats and great skills to find those who are 6 and then they 7 them to safety. How strong and 8 they are in struggling with floodwaters!
Many of the volunteers are fishermen and 9 boat pilots. They, who come from the southeast United States, are expert in 10 through a series of swamps(沼泽)and narrow waterways. The skills they have help them find the way around 11 floodwaters.
A reporter 12 his feelings and meanwhile 13 their deeds after the Cajun Navy stepped in to help during bad flooding in Louisiana. ”The 14 were volunteers from the Cajun Navy, who had no ranks, no uniforms, no 15 medals awarded to them for acts of bravery. It was a 16 heart, not a commanding officer, that called them into risky 17 to carry endangered citizens to higher and safer ground,” he said.
The Cajun Navy is a great example of character in action. They do also 18 others’ enthusiasm to get involved. And more and more volunteers join the group. They often put themselves in danger to 19 others. And they do not do it for money or attention, but 20 because they can help and they want to help.
17、A. improved B. started C. delayed D. survived
18、A. missed B. met C. rescued D. struck
19、A. lives B. officers C. food D. money
20、A. rainfalls B. windstorms C. sandstorms D. raindrops
21、A. cars B. trucks C. bikes D. boats
22、A. in danger B. in place C. out of work D. out of order
23、A. force B. transport C. invite D. persuade
24、A. courageous B. modest C. secure D. straightforward
25、A. honest B. trapped C. skilled D. greedy
26、A. flying B. looking C. sailing D. driving
27、A. peaceful B. mixed C. limited D. powerful
28、A. conveyed B. discovered C. valued D. ignored
29、A. celebrated B. beat C. taught D. asked
30、A. witnesses B. passers-by C. heroes D. victims
31、A. athletic B. military C. ecological D. economic
32、A. weak B. icy C. thoughtless D. selfless
33、A. companies B. currents C. funds D. flights
34、A. acknowledge B. adopt C. investigate D. stimulate
35、A. abandon B. consult C. assist D. guide
36、A. cruelly B. delicately C. merely D. hardly
四、语法填空（共10题；每小题2分，满分20分）
37、Sydney ①_______(consider) to be one of the most expensive cities in the world. But it is possible for international students living on a budget ②_______ (find) lots of things to do. For students who enjoy physical activities and nature, there are many places to walk, hike and explore.
The Blue Mountains, located in the ③_______ (centre) areas of the Sydney Basin, offers ④_______ number of hiking trails for people of all athletic abilities to take all-day hikes, or camping adventures. Students ⑤_______ (draw) more to beaches can do the Bondi Beach to Coogee Beach walk. This walk takes you a little under four miles along the coastline, providing you ⑥_______ a view of various beautiful beaches and parks. You can also walk through the Royal Botanical Gardens, ⑦_______ is located along the Sydney Harbour, ⑧_______ (feature) public art and sculptures scattered throughout the gardens. Students will also want to walk across the Sydney Harbour Bridge, which is the ⑨_______ (large) steel-arch bridge in the world. The bridge was built on March 19, 1932, and walking it is a popular choice for both locals and tourists. Walking the bridge gives you a unique view of the bridge ⑩_______ (it), the city and the harbor.
五、短文改错（共15分）
38、假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When it comes to music, here is how I want to say: Music is one of the important part in my life. The beautiful classical music not only helps us deal with stress, but bring me pleasure. Although some songs contain rock-and-roll beats, but they still can make me feel calm and comfortable. I believe music is able to passing on all kinds of emotions. While prepared for the coming day, I love listening to music as my regularly morning routine. Also, I am planning to learn to play piano. Without songs and harmonies, my life will be completely empty.
六、书面表达（共25分）
39、请你以学生会的名义，以“We Should Take the Family Responsibilities”为主题写一份倡议书，向全校同学发起倡议，内容包括：
1. 承担责任的必要性；
2. 如何承担家庭责任；
3. 发起倡议。
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students Union
参考答案
一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
1-5、BACCA 6-10、BDDCA 11-15、DDCAB
二、七选五（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
16、答案：①-⑤GECDA
三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
17-21、答案：BCABD
22-26、答案：ABACC
27-31、答案：DAACB
32-36、答案：DBDCC
四、语法填空（共10题；每小题2分，满分20分）
37、答案：①is considered②to find③central④a⑤drawn⑥with⑦which⑧featuring⑨largest⑩itself
五、短文改错（共15分）
38、答案：
When it comes to music, here is I want to say: Music is one of the important in my life. The beautiful classical music not only helps deal with stress, but me pleasure. Although some songs contain rock-and-roll beats, they still can make me feel calm and comfortable. I believe music is able to on all kinds of emotions. While for the coming day, I love listening to music as my morning routine. Also, I am planning to learn to play piano. Without songs and harmonies, my life be completely empty.
六、书面表达（共25分）
39、答案：
Dear fellow students,
As we are growing into teenagers, we should take the family responsibilities. Some students take it for granted that our parents should take care of us. But we should know that we are part of our family, so we also should be responsible for the whole family. We should take care of our parents as they do it for us. We can do some cleaning, wash the clothes, or make some food. Only after we do these things can we realize the hardship and love from our parents.
Boys and girls, take action to share the family responsibilities! We teenagers should learn to do it.
The Students Union
解析：本文是应用文。要求考生以“We Should Take the Family Responsibilities”为主题写一份倡议书，向全校同学发起倡议，要学会承担家庭责任。
1.词汇积累
变成：grow into→tum into
照顾：take care of→care for
意识到：realize→understand
采取行动：take action→take measures
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Boys and girls, take action to share the family responsibilities! We teenagers should learn to do it.
拓展句：Boys and girls, take action to share the family responsibilities, which is what we teenagers should learn to do.
[高分句型l]As we are growing into teenagers, we should take the family responsibilities.(由As引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]Some students take it for granted that our parents should take care of us.(由that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]But we should know that we are part of our family, so we also should be responsible for the whole family.(由that引]导的宾语从句）