8A Unit 4 Do it yourself grammar
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| 名称 | 8A Unit 4 Do it yourself grammar |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 3.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2014-10-26 16:53:20 | ||
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课件18张PPT。Unit 4Do it yourselfGrammarGiving instructions1. 祈使句的概念
祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调。
2. 祈使句的结构
1) 祈使句的肯定结构
① Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如： Sit?down!?坐下！? Stand?up!?起立！ ② Be型（以be开头），例如： Be?quiet!?安静！
Be?careful！小心！
③ Let型（以let开头），例如： Let?me?try. 让我试试看。 Let’s?look?at?the?map. 让我们看看地图。
● let’s是let?us的简略式。● 表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,?构成句式：Please …或 …, please.?以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如： Please?stand?up. 或
Stand?up, please. 请站起来。 Please?have?a?rest. 或
Have?a?rest, please. 请休息一下。 2) 祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加?Do?not?(Don’t)。例如： Don’t?go?there, please. 请别去那儿。
Don’t?be?late?for?class! 上课别迟到！
Don’t?let?him?in.?不要让他进来。
注意：Let’s型祈使句，其否定式也可用 Let’s?not …，例如： Let’s?not?have?rest. 咱们别休息了。 Let’s?not?sit?here!?我们不要坐在这儿！ should & had better当我们给他人提建议时，可以用had better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事， had better的语气比should强一些。
You had better refrigerate the beer before drinking it.
喝啤酒前你最好先把它冷冻一下。
You should exercise more.
你应该多锻炼。had better (常简略为’d better)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。构成：had better do sth. 句型。
You’d better go to hospital at once.
你最好立即去医院看病。 Tom, you’d better go there today.
汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。
had better 的否定式是将not直接放在had better的后面。
You had better not miss the last bus.
你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。 should 后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。
You should stop smoking.
你应该戒烟。
should 的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。
You shouldn’t drink and drive.
你不应该喝酒后开车。请点击I. 单项选择。1. The TV is too loud. Please _______. A. turn it down?? B. to turn it down??
C. turn down it?? D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be?? B. Don't be??
C. Not be?? D. Be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic
lights turn green. A. Not? B. Won't?
C. Doesn't?? D.?Don't 4. _______ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling?? B. To tell??
C. Told?? D. Tell5.Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring?? B. brings??
C. to bring?? D. bringing 6.You?had?better _______ on?your?coat.? A.?to?put?? B.?putting? C.?to?putting? D.?put II. 句型转换。1. Will you please read it again more slowly?
(改为祈使句) _______ again more slowly, please. 2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go.
(改为同义句) ________ me, or I'll go. 3. The teachers often tell the students not to
be careless.?(改为祈使句) ________ careless, please. 4. Please sit next to Nancy.?(改为否定句) ________ next to Nancy.Read it??Listen to?Don't be?Don't sitIII. 完成句子。1. 你应该在南京换火车。
__________ change trains at Nanjing.
2. 你最好在下雨前回家。
___________________ before the rain
starts.
3. 现在你最好别打棒球了。
_____________________ baseball now.
4. 不要把金鱼放在阳光下。
_________ the goldfish in the sun.You shouldYou'd better go homeYou had better not playDon’t put1. Review the Grammar and make
some sentences with should (not)
and had better (not).
2. Finish the Exercises on Pages 47
and 48.Homework
祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调。
2. 祈使句的结构
1) 祈使句的肯定结构
① Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如： Sit?down!?坐下！? Stand?up!?起立！ ② Be型（以be开头），例如： Be?quiet!?安静！
Be?careful！小心！
③ Let型（以let开头），例如： Let?me?try. 让我试试看。 Let’s?look?at?the?map. 让我们看看地图。
● let’s是let?us的简略式。● 表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,?构成句式：Please …或 …, please.?以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如： Please?stand?up. 或
Stand?up, please. 请站起来。 Please?have?a?rest. 或
Have?a?rest, please. 请休息一下。 2) 祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加?Do?not?(Don’t)。例如： Don’t?go?there, please. 请别去那儿。
Don’t?be?late?for?class! 上课别迟到！
Don’t?let?him?in.?不要让他进来。
注意：Let’s型祈使句，其否定式也可用 Let’s?not …，例如： Let’s?not?have?rest. 咱们别休息了。 Let’s?not?sit?here!?我们不要坐在这儿！ should & had better当我们给他人提建议时，可以用had better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事， had better的语气比should强一些。
You had better refrigerate the beer before drinking it.
喝啤酒前你最好先把它冷冻一下。
You should exercise more.
你应该多锻炼。had better (常简略为’d better)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。构成：had better do sth. 句型。
You’d better go to hospital at once.
你最好立即去医院看病。 Tom, you’d better go there today.
汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。
had better 的否定式是将not直接放在had better的后面。
You had better not miss the last bus.
你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。 should 后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。
You should stop smoking.
你应该戒烟。
should 的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。
You shouldn’t drink and drive.
你不应该喝酒后开车。请点击I. 单项选择。1. The TV is too loud. Please _______. A. turn it down?? B. to turn it down??
C. turn down it?? D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be?? B. Don't be??
C. Not be?? D. Be not3. _______ cross the road until the traffic
lights turn green. A. Not? B. Won't?
C. Doesn't?? D.?Don't 4. _______ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling?? B. To tell??
C. Told?? D. Tell5.Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring?? B. brings??
C. to bring?? D. bringing 6.You?had?better _______ on?your?coat.? A.?to?put?? B.?putting? C.?to?putting? D.?put II. 句型转换。1. Will you please read it again more slowly?
(改为祈使句) _______ again more slowly, please. 2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go.
(改为同义句) ________ me, or I'll go. 3. The teachers often tell the students not to
be careless.?(改为祈使句) ________ careless, please. 4. Please sit next to Nancy.?(改为否定句) ________ next to Nancy.Read it??Listen to?Don't be?Don't sitIII. 完成句子。1. 你应该在南京换火车。
__________ change trains at Nanjing.
2. 你最好在下雨前回家。
___________________ before the rain
starts.
3. 现在你最好别打棒球了。
_____________________ baseball now.
4. 不要把金鱼放在阳光下。
_________ the goldfish in the sun.You shouldYou'd better go homeYou had better not playDon’t put1. Review the Grammar and make
some sentences with should (not)
and had better (not).
2. Finish the Exercises on Pages 47
and 48.Homework