福建省福州市重点中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷(无答案)
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| 名称 | 福建省福州市重点中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷(无答案) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-07-11 03:09:13 | ||
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福州市重点中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷
试卷满分：150 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the man feel now
A．Angry. B．Proud C．Disappointed.
2．When will Dr. Black see the man
A．At 11:00 a.m. B．At 9:00 a.m. C．At 1:00 p.m.
3．What time is it now
A．8:20 pm. B．8:10 pm. C．8:40 pm.
4．What are the speakers
A．Professors. B．Students. C．Interviewers.
5．What does the woman complain about
A．Its slow delivery. B．Its flavor. C．Its price.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the woman always follow news
A．On TV. B．On her phone. C．On the Internet.
7．What news is the man more concerned about now
A．Sports. B．Weather. C．Net stars.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What will the woman like in Switzerland
A．Hiking around the Matterhorn. B．Climbing the Matterhorn. C．Exploring the deep valley.
9．What are very steep
A．The valleys. B．The trails. C．The mountains.
10．What is known as the Top of Europe
A．The Matterhorn. B．The Jungfrau Ski Region. C．Matterhorn Glacier Paradise.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is mainly talked about in the conversation
A．Colors. B．Weather. C．Proverbs.
12．What does the woman think of the sayings about weather
A．Skeptical. B．Favorable. C．Surprised.
13．How many sayings are mentioned in the dialogue
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What made the man feel surprised
A．The fierce football game. B．Many “likes” for his photo. C．Silly comments on his photo.
15．What does the woman think the “likes” represent
A．A response. B．A lot of appreciation. C．A kind of politeness.
16．What does the woman prefer
A．Talking with friends face to face. B．Giving friends a thumb up. C．Getting “likes” everywhere.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How old did teens become adults in Japan before 2022
A．20. B．18. C．22.
18．What can 18-year-olds do from 2022
A．Get married. B．Drink alcohol. C．Smoke cigarettes.
19．Why did Japan’s government pass the new law
A．To change its retirement age. B．To reduce its pollution. C．To develop its economy.
20．What do young Japanese people care about more
A．How to pay less tax. B．How to celebrate Coming of Age Day. C．How to enjoy health care payments.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A division of Walmart Inc., Sam’s club is the membership warehouse club solution for everyday living. Sam’s Club serves millions of members at and almost 600 locations across the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Sam’s Club also has locations in Brazil, China and Mexico.
FOUNDER Our founder Sam Walton was the most notable business leader of his time—but no matter how much success he achieved, he never forgot where it all started. Once a humble entrepreneur (创业者) with a successful five-and-dime (专售廉价物品的商店), Mr. Sam knew firsthand the challenges of running a small business.
EMPLOYEE Sam’s Club employs thousands of associates in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Approximately 75 percent of club management was promoted from hourly positions.
BRAND Sam’s Club is a membership warehouse club, a limited-item business model that offers our members quality products at an exceptional value unmatched by traditional retail. Instead of stocking every item in every available brand, Sam’s Club merchants do their “homework” for our members, stocking the right products and purchasing them in large quantities, passing on the savings to our members. In addition to the leading national brands, Sam’s Club also carries Member’s Mark, an exclusive, premium-quality private brand. Member’s Mark products are exclusive designs that use top-of-the-line materials and the highest quality ingredients to make sure you get the best quality and value at members-only prices.
ENVIRONMENT We reduce costs by maintaining a simple shopping environment, often displaying our merchandise on shipping deck so we can move new items in just as quickly as they move out. Besides, many clubs include sustainable features such as day-lighting with skylights, night dimming, central energy management, water-conserving fixtures, natural concrete floors and recycling.
BENEFIT Sam’s Club also provides a variety of member benefits such as free shipping on most items for our Plus Members along with Cash Rewards, early shopping, savings on medications as well as the benefits of our Club membership. Club members can take advantage of Sam’s Club Credit, Instant Savings, free health screenings, daily “Tastes & Tips” sampling demonstrations and members-only savings on fuel.
21．Who is more likely to be promoted to an executive position
A．A member of the club. B．A worker paid by the hour.
C．A small business entrepreneur. D．An associate from Puerto Rico.
22．If you are a member of Sam’s club, you can ______ in Sam’s.
A．have all the available brands to choose from
B．have your homework done by Sam’s merchants
C．buy Member’s Mark products at members-only prices
D．enjoy free shipping for the goods you have purchased
23．The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A．find suitable employees for Sam’s club B．attract investment from overseas companies
C．inform readers of the features of Sam’s club D．persuade customers to be a member of Sam’s club
B
Back in 1958, I was crazy about the Norfolk and Western 746. The smooth bullet-nose engine with its orange and yellow lines and shiny streamlined black tender (车厢) seemed to have cast a spell on me.
Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet—enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high.
Unfortunately, the amazing 746 also had an amazing price—$50, equal to about $450 today. That was far more than my grandfather could afford. Instead, I had to be content with his little Lionel plastic, which was SIX INCHES shorter than the 746 and had no headlight, no smoker or no sound! But that was the best that my grandfather could give me at that time.
Years passed, and I was in my plicated sound systems and computer controls dominated toy trains. I never gave a look. My interest in toy trains, I firmly believed, had faded, nor did my admiration for the 746, since my grandfather was not with me. The 746 was never called to mind. On an ordinary day, however, I happened to see the 746 outside the window of a train show. Just one look, I could not look away. Childhood memories that I tried to hide in the depths of my heart raced through my mind, happy or sad.
That day I took the 746 home and placed it in the centre of the room, and let my childhood dream sing its way around me. Smoke rose out from the engine and the soft song sounded from its tender. It seemed as if I could see the soft light in grandfather’s eyes and hear his cheerful laughter.
24．Which best describes the 746 in the author’s eyes
A．It was taller than the author. B．Its price rose from $50 to $450.
C．It was the largest train in 1958. D．Its beauty was beyond compare.
25．How did the author feel when receiving his little Lionel plastic
A．Visibly relieved. B．Really excited. C．Terribly shameful. D．Slightly unsatisfied.
26．What happened to the author in his 30s
A．He left his grandfather alone. B．He didn’t favor the 746 at all.
C．He attempted not to recall the past. D．He admired advanced toy trains.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Toy Trains: Childhood in History. B．The 746: Childhood Memories of Love.
C．Toy Trains: Memories of A Generation. D．The 746: A Perfect Gift from My Grandfather.
C
These days, Fred’s huge skeleton (骨架) was exhibited in the Indiana State Museum. His tusks (长牙) were recently the subject of a research study tracing the life 13,000 years ago of mastodons, distant relatives of modern elephants.
By analyzing the chemicals in Fred’s tusks, a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns. Josh Miller, a paleoecologist (古生态学家) at the University of Cincinnati, is one of the researchers studying Fred. “He has beautifully preserved bones and tusks, which provides a great opportunity for our research,” Miller said.
Mastodons’ tusks generally grow in distinct layers, similar to the tree rings. As a result, the nutrients that build the layers of their tusks can tell us a lot about what they experienced. The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen. The former is the key to understanding where Fred spent his life, while the latter tells us the season he was in any particular region. Then, with some statistical modeling, Miller and his team gained insight into the daily record of Fred’s behavior over ten thousand years ago.
The result indicated that when Fred was young, he would have grown a lot. But there’s a year when his growth is reduced—that’s when Miller’s analysis starts. “Probably like the modern male elephant, a male mastodon is just really obnoxious when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”, Miller predicted.
After Fred set off to attend to himself, his tusks reflected where he traveled around. Based on analysis, every summer, Fred would return to mate in Northeastern Indiana, because around this time, his tusks started to show signs of injuries. When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.
28．What does Miller’s study mainly focus on
A．Inner structure of Fred’s skeleton. B．Possible tracks of Fred’s migration.
C．Research value of mastodon fossils. D．Effective ways of tusk preservation.
29．How did researchers learn a mastodon’s behavior in ancient age
A．By modeling data of special chemical elements. B．By comparing his layers of tusks with rings of trees.
C．By conducting field researches in various regions. D．By reviewing statistical records of previous studies.
30．What does the underlined word “obnoxious” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Mature. B．Greedy. C．Ambitious. D．Annoying.
31．What can be inferred about Fred in the last paragraph
A．He failed to live independently. B．He reunited with his family later.
C．He got killed by opponents’ tusks. D．He survived some natural disasters.
D
In just a few decades the United States could eliminate fossil fuels and rely 100 percent on clean, renewable energy. That’s the vision of Mark Jacobson, a Stanford engineering professor who has produced a state-by-state road map of how the country could rid itself of coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear power.
By 2050, Jacobson expects the nation’s transportation network—cars, ships, airplanes—to run on batteries or hydrogen produced from electricity. He sees the winds blowing across the Great Plains powering vast stretches of the country’s middle while the burning sun helps electrify the Southwest. “There’s no state that can’t do this,” Jacobson says.
Today only 13% of U.S. electricity comes from renewables. Jacobson’s goal would be one of the nation’s most ambitious undertakings. This transformation would cost roughly $15 trillion, or $47,000 for each American, for building and installing systems that produce and store renewable energy.
What would it take Seventy-eight million rooftop solar systems, nearly 49,000 commercial solar plants, 156,000 offshore wind turbines (风力涡轮机), plus wave-energy systems. Land-based wind farms would need 328,000 turbines, each with blades longer than a football field. These farms would occupy as much land as North Carolina.
For now, he says, prospects are encouraging. Thanks in part to government funding and large-scale production, costs are falling. The amount of power generated nationwide by wind and solar increased 15-fold each between 2003 and 2013. This summer the US President moved to reduce carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants, and Hawaii committed to having all its electricity provided by renewables by 2045.
Still, many experts aren’t convinced. “It has zero chance,” Stephen Brick, an energy fellow with the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, says of Jacobson’s plan. Political, regulatory, and social barriers are huge, especially in a nation where the energy systems—and much of its political influence—is rooted in the oil, gas, and coal industries. Some critics are concerned about whether the resulting grid (输电网) would be reliable. And neighborhood battles would likely occur over wind farms and solar plants. Even outspoken scientist James Hansen, who warned the government a quarter century ago about climate change, insists that nuclear power is essential to rid the country of fossil fuels.
Yet Jacobson’s work at least offers a starting point. Scientists and policymakers may keep arguing about solutions, but as President points out, the nation must continue its march toward a clean-energy future—even if it’s not yet clear how that will look in 35 years. “If we don’t do it,” he said this summer, “nobody will.”
32．Which of the following does Professor Mark Jacobson engage in
A．Organizing projects to build and install solar energy systems state by state.
B．Persuading the U.S. President to realize his renewable energy goal.
C．Outlining a plan detailing how energy in the U.S. could be carbon free by 2050.
D．Arguing about opportunities and obstacles of his plan.
33．Which of the following is the major obstacle to the transformation from fossil fuels to renewables
A．The huge investment in solar and wind projects. B．The solid foundation of traditional energy systems.
C．The job losses in oil and coal industries. D．The inevitable land-use battles between states.
34．It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A．at least one state of the U.S. will not use fossil fuels to generate electricity by 2050
B．developing clean-energy industry will drive the world’s market
C．fossil fuels will soon be eliminated in the U.S.
D．there will be no vacant land for wind farms
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Coexistence of Fossil Fuels and Renewables
B．A Blueprint for a Carbon Free America
C．One Man’s Dream: Determination and Innovation in Energy Future
D．Professor and his Solar and Wind Technology
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My, what a big beak you have!
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. 36 In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.
In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. 37
All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. 38 Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. 39 The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation.
40 That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
A．However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.
B．For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%.
C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors.
D．It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to.
E．Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies.
F．Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat.
G．Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings.
第三部分 语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Camping is a rite of passage (成人仪式) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first 41 of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant from India, I thought it was 42 .
Then I 43 26 and started trying new things. I had been 44 mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. 45 , I decided to try camping.
Then I overheard a(n) 46 between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home ” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom 47 . But anyway, my parents had no 48 in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I 49 our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it 50 ; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the 51 lights above me. Morning came. I didn’t even realize I was 52 to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I 53 thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of 54 for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different 55 to an activity that I had thought strange for so many years.
41．A．attempt B．taste C．proposal D．target
42．A．odd B．awkward C．amazing D．rough
43．A．grew B．observed C．turned D．recalled
44．A．involving B．surviving C．abandoning D．experiencing
45．A．Overall B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Therefore
46．A．argument B．debate C．conversation D．quarrel
47．A．explained B．insisted C．prayed D．interrupted
48．A．mercy B．empathy C．faith D．preference
49．A．set up B．beat down C．drew on D．rose to
50．A．shot up B．slowed down C．broke out D．put off
51．A．swinging B．bouncing C．rolling D．twinkling
52．A．curious B．enthusiastic C．upset D．desperate
53．A．barely B．constantly C．ultimately D．merely
54．A foundation B．appreciation C．resolution D．recognition
55．A．contrast B．attitude C．priority D．exposure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in 1874 in Ireland, Shackleton left school at 16 and then joined the NW Shipping Company, 56______ (become) a master mariner in 1898. Before captaining 57______ ship Endurance, Shackleton accompanied Robert Scott 58______ the Discovery expedition and also led the Nimrod expedition, both of 59______ went to Antarctica. Although the Endurance expedition was a failure, there was no 60______ (lose) of life, thanks to Shackleton’s 61______ (dare) rescue mission. Shackleton 62______ (celebrate) as one of the world’s greatest explorers, and the Endurance expedition story is said by many 63______ (be) the greatest rescue mission of all time. It makes people reflect on 64______ the characteristics of courage and 65______ (persevere) can help to situations of great adversity.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．人工智能时代已悄然来临，随处可见的人工智能让生活越来越便利的同时也带来许多困惑。请给英语报写一篇投稿，陈述其利弊并表明个人态度。
注意：词数80词左右
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第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Keeping up seemed so important when I was a teenager. Back in 1973, if you weren’t wearing Penny Loafers (乐福鞋), you’d just as soon go around in your bare feet. There was only one problem that year, I had bought Oxfords — but Penny Loafers were popular
“I need some money for Penny Loafers.” I told my dad one afternoon at the shop where he worked as a car mechanic.
Dad looked at me for a full minute before he answered, “Wear those shoes one more day. Look at every pair of shoes you see at school. If you can tell me that you are worse off than the other kids, I’ll buy new shoes for you.”
The next day, I did what Dad said I saw many schoolmates wore torn shoes of the likes I’d never had to wear, and shoes with holes in them, but I had no intention of telling him the results.
When school was out, I rushed to Dad. The shop was quiet. Only an occasional clank (叮当声) of metal could be heard as Dad worked under a car. Then dad’s shoes came into my sight. They were old and black, the kind mechanics and service-station attendants wore. I saw the mended soles (鞋底) and the spliced laces (拼接的鞋带).
“You do what I told you today ”
“Yes, sir.”
“Well, what do you want to do ” He looked as though he might know what my answer would be.
“I still want the Penny Loafers.” I forced myself not to look at his shoes.
Dad handed me ten dollars. I took the money and went to the mall two blocks down the street. A rack (货架) on a far wall appeared as if it had a million pairs of black Penny Loafers resting on it. On a rack next to it was a sign that reads “CLEARANCE 50% OFF”. Below the sign sat several “young” versions of Dad’s shoes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mind was playing Ping-Pong. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car. ___________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
英语试卷
试卷满分：150 考试时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the man feel now
A．Angry. B．Proud C．Disappointed.
2．When will Dr. Black see the man
A．At 11:00 a.m. B．At 9:00 a.m. C．At 1:00 p.m.
3．What time is it now
A．8:20 pm. B．8:10 pm. C．8:40 pm.
4．What are the speakers
A．Professors. B．Students. C．Interviewers.
5．What does the woman complain about
A．Its slow delivery. B．Its flavor. C．Its price.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the woman always follow news
A．On TV. B．On her phone. C．On the Internet.
7．What news is the man more concerned about now
A．Sports. B．Weather. C．Net stars.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What will the woman like in Switzerland
A．Hiking around the Matterhorn. B．Climbing the Matterhorn. C．Exploring the deep valley.
9．What are very steep
A．The valleys. B．The trails. C．The mountains.
10．What is known as the Top of Europe
A．The Matterhorn. B．The Jungfrau Ski Region. C．Matterhorn Glacier Paradise.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is mainly talked about in the conversation
A．Colors. B．Weather. C．Proverbs.
12．What does the woman think of the sayings about weather
A．Skeptical. B．Favorable. C．Surprised.
13．How many sayings are mentioned in the dialogue
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What made the man feel surprised
A．The fierce football game. B．Many “likes” for his photo. C．Silly comments on his photo.
15．What does the woman think the “likes” represent
A．A response. B．A lot of appreciation. C．A kind of politeness.
16．What does the woman prefer
A．Talking with friends face to face. B．Giving friends a thumb up. C．Getting “likes” everywhere.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How old did teens become adults in Japan before 2022
A．20. B．18. C．22.
18．What can 18-year-olds do from 2022
A．Get married. B．Drink alcohol. C．Smoke cigarettes.
19．Why did Japan’s government pass the new law
A．To change its retirement age. B．To reduce its pollution. C．To develop its economy.
20．What do young Japanese people care about more
A．How to pay less tax. B．How to celebrate Coming of Age Day. C．How to enjoy health care payments.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A division of Walmart Inc., Sam’s club is the membership warehouse club solution for everyday living. Sam’s Club serves millions of members at and almost 600 locations across the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Sam’s Club also has locations in Brazil, China and Mexico.
FOUNDER Our founder Sam Walton was the most notable business leader of his time—but no matter how much success he achieved, he never forgot where it all started. Once a humble entrepreneur (创业者) with a successful five-and-dime (专售廉价物品的商店), Mr. Sam knew firsthand the challenges of running a small business.
EMPLOYEE Sam’s Club employs thousands of associates in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Approximately 75 percent of club management was promoted from hourly positions.
BRAND Sam’s Club is a membership warehouse club, a limited-item business model that offers our members quality products at an exceptional value unmatched by traditional retail. Instead of stocking every item in every available brand, Sam’s Club merchants do their “homework” for our members, stocking the right products and purchasing them in large quantities, passing on the savings to our members. In addition to the leading national brands, Sam’s Club also carries Member’s Mark, an exclusive, premium-quality private brand. Member’s Mark products are exclusive designs that use top-of-the-line materials and the highest quality ingredients to make sure you get the best quality and value at members-only prices.
ENVIRONMENT We reduce costs by maintaining a simple shopping environment, often displaying our merchandise on shipping deck so we can move new items in just as quickly as they move out. Besides, many clubs include sustainable features such as day-lighting with skylights, night dimming, central energy management, water-conserving fixtures, natural concrete floors and recycling.
BENEFIT Sam’s Club also provides a variety of member benefits such as free shipping on most items for our Plus Members along with Cash Rewards, early shopping, savings on medications as well as the benefits of our Club membership. Club members can take advantage of Sam’s Club Credit, Instant Savings, free health screenings, daily “Tastes & Tips” sampling demonstrations and members-only savings on fuel.
21．Who is more likely to be promoted to an executive position
A．A member of the club. B．A worker paid by the hour.
C．A small business entrepreneur. D．An associate from Puerto Rico.
22．If you are a member of Sam’s club, you can ______ in Sam’s.
A．have all the available brands to choose from
B．have your homework done by Sam’s merchants
C．buy Member’s Mark products at members-only prices
D．enjoy free shipping for the goods you have purchased
23．The purpose of the passage is to ______.
A．find suitable employees for Sam’s club B．attract investment from overseas companies
C．inform readers of the features of Sam’s club D．persuade customers to be a member of Sam’s club
B
Back in 1958, I was crazy about the Norfolk and Western 746. The smooth bullet-nose engine with its orange and yellow lines and shiny streamlined black tender (车厢) seemed to have cast a spell on me.
Together the engine and tender measured a little shy of 2 feet—enormous by the toy train standards of the day. Even better, the 746 had a working headlight and smoker, and its tender sang high.
Unfortunately, the amazing 746 also had an amazing price—$50, equal to about $450 today. That was far more than my grandfather could afford. Instead, I had to be content with his little Lionel plastic, which was SIX INCHES shorter than the 746 and had no headlight, no smoker or no sound! But that was the best that my grandfather could give me at that time.
Years passed, and I was in my plicated sound systems and computer controls dominated toy trains. I never gave a look. My interest in toy trains, I firmly believed, had faded, nor did my admiration for the 746, since my grandfather was not with me. The 746 was never called to mind. On an ordinary day, however, I happened to see the 746 outside the window of a train show. Just one look, I could not look away. Childhood memories that I tried to hide in the depths of my heart raced through my mind, happy or sad.
That day I took the 746 home and placed it in the centre of the room, and let my childhood dream sing its way around me. Smoke rose out from the engine and the soft song sounded from its tender. It seemed as if I could see the soft light in grandfather’s eyes and hear his cheerful laughter.
24．Which best describes the 746 in the author’s eyes
A．It was taller than the author. B．Its price rose from $50 to $450.
C．It was the largest train in 1958. D．Its beauty was beyond compare.
25．How did the author feel when receiving his little Lionel plastic
A．Visibly relieved. B．Really excited. C．Terribly shameful. D．Slightly unsatisfied.
26．What happened to the author in his 30s
A．He left his grandfather alone. B．He didn’t favor the 746 at all.
C．He attempted not to recall the past. D．He admired advanced toy trains.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Toy Trains: Childhood in History. B．The 746: Childhood Memories of Love.
C．Toy Trains: Memories of A Generation. D．The 746: A Perfect Gift from My Grandfather.
C
These days, Fred’s huge skeleton (骨架) was exhibited in the Indiana State Museum. His tusks (长牙) were recently the subject of a research study tracing the life 13,000 years ago of mastodons, distant relatives of modern elephants.
By analyzing the chemicals in Fred’s tusks, a team of researchers was able to construct a detailed account of his seasonal migration patterns. Josh Miller, a paleoecologist (古生态学家) at the University of Cincinnati, is one of the researchers studying Fred. “He has beautifully preserved bones and tusks, which provides a great opportunity for our research,” Miller said.
Mastodons’ tusks generally grow in distinct layers, similar to the tree rings. As a result, the nutrients that build the layers of their tusks can tell us a lot about what they experienced. The team particularly focused their analysis on the variations in two elements in the layers: strontium (锶) and oxygen. The former is the key to understanding where Fred spent his life, while the latter tells us the season he was in any particular region. Then, with some statistical modeling, Miller and his team gained insight into the daily record of Fred’s behavior over ten thousand years ago.
The result indicated that when Fred was young, he would have grown a lot. But there’s a year when his growth is reduced—that’s when Miller’s analysis starts. “Probably like the modern male elephant, a male mastodon is just really obnoxious when growing up to be a bother and often arouses family members’ anger. At that point, the mom and aunts will essentially kick him out of the family”, Miller predicted.
After Fred set off to attend to himself, his tusks reflected where he traveled around. Based on analysis, every summer, Fred would return to mate in Northeastern Indiana, because around this time, his tusks started to show signs of injuries. When competing for mates, mastodons got into huge battles with their own natural weapons, sharp tusks. And that was exactly what brought the story of Fred to an untimely end.
28．What does Miller’s study mainly focus on
A．Inner structure of Fred’s skeleton. B．Possible tracks of Fred’s migration.
C．Research value of mastodon fossils. D．Effective ways of tusk preservation.
29．How did researchers learn a mastodon’s behavior in ancient age
A．By modeling data of special chemical elements. B．By comparing his layers of tusks with rings of trees.
C．By conducting field researches in various regions. D．By reviewing statistical records of previous studies.
30．What does the underlined word “obnoxious” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Mature. B．Greedy. C．Ambitious. D．Annoying.
31．What can be inferred about Fred in the last paragraph
A．He failed to live independently. B．He reunited with his family later.
C．He got killed by opponents’ tusks. D．He survived some natural disasters.
D
In just a few decades the United States could eliminate fossil fuels and rely 100 percent on clean, renewable energy. That’s the vision of Mark Jacobson, a Stanford engineering professor who has produced a state-by-state road map of how the country could rid itself of coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear power.
By 2050, Jacobson expects the nation’s transportation network—cars, ships, airplanes—to run on batteries or hydrogen produced from electricity. He sees the winds blowing across the Great Plains powering vast stretches of the country’s middle while the burning sun helps electrify the Southwest. “There’s no state that can’t do this,” Jacobson says.
Today only 13% of U.S. electricity comes from renewables. Jacobson’s goal would be one of the nation’s most ambitious undertakings. This transformation would cost roughly $15 trillion, or $47,000 for each American, for building and installing systems that produce and store renewable energy.
What would it take Seventy-eight million rooftop solar systems, nearly 49,000 commercial solar plants, 156,000 offshore wind turbines (风力涡轮机), plus wave-energy systems. Land-based wind farms would need 328,000 turbines, each with blades longer than a football field. These farms would occupy as much land as North Carolina.
For now, he says, prospects are encouraging. Thanks in part to government funding and large-scale production, costs are falling. The amount of power generated nationwide by wind and solar increased 15-fold each between 2003 and 2013. This summer the US President moved to reduce carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants, and Hawaii committed to having all its electricity provided by renewables by 2045.
Still, many experts aren’t convinced. “It has zero chance,” Stephen Brick, an energy fellow with the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, says of Jacobson’s plan. Political, regulatory, and social barriers are huge, especially in a nation where the energy systems—and much of its political influence—is rooted in the oil, gas, and coal industries. Some critics are concerned about whether the resulting grid (输电网) would be reliable. And neighborhood battles would likely occur over wind farms and solar plants. Even outspoken scientist James Hansen, who warned the government a quarter century ago about climate change, insists that nuclear power is essential to rid the country of fossil fuels.
Yet Jacobson’s work at least offers a starting point. Scientists and policymakers may keep arguing about solutions, but as President points out, the nation must continue its march toward a clean-energy future—even if it’s not yet clear how that will look in 35 years. “If we don’t do it,” he said this summer, “nobody will.”
32．Which of the following does Professor Mark Jacobson engage in
A．Organizing projects to build and install solar energy systems state by state.
B．Persuading the U.S. President to realize his renewable energy goal.
C．Outlining a plan detailing how energy in the U.S. could be carbon free by 2050.
D．Arguing about opportunities and obstacles of his plan.
33．Which of the following is the major obstacle to the transformation from fossil fuels to renewables
A．The huge investment in solar and wind projects. B．The solid foundation of traditional energy systems.
C．The job losses in oil and coal industries. D．The inevitable land-use battles between states.
34．It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A．at least one state of the U.S. will not use fossil fuels to generate electricity by 2050
B．developing clean-energy industry will drive the world’s market
C．fossil fuels will soon be eliminated in the U.S.
D．there will be no vacant land for wind farms
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Coexistence of Fossil Fuels and Renewables
B．A Blueprint for a Carbon Free America
C．One Man’s Dream: Determination and Innovation in Energy Future
D．Professor and his Solar and Wind Technology
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My, what a big beak you have!
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. 36 In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.
In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. 37
All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. 38 Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. 39 The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation.
40 That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
A．However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.
B．For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%.
C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors.
D．It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to.
E．Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies.
F．Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat.
G．Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings.
第三部分 语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Camping is a rite of passage (成人仪式) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first 41 of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant from India, I thought it was 42 .
Then I 43 26 and started trying new things. I had been 44 mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. 45 , I decided to try camping.
Then I overheard a(n) 46 between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home ” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom 47 . But anyway, my parents had no 48 in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I 49 our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it 50 ; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the 51 lights above me. Morning came. I didn’t even realize I was 52 to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I 53 thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of 54 for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different 55 to an activity that I had thought strange for so many years.
41．A．attempt B．taste C．proposal D．target
42．A．odd B．awkward C．amazing D．rough
43．A．grew B．observed C．turned D．recalled
44．A．involving B．surviving C．abandoning D．experiencing
45．A．Overall B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Therefore
46．A．argument B．debate C．conversation D．quarrel
47．A．explained B．insisted C．prayed D．interrupted
48．A．mercy B．empathy C．faith D．preference
49．A．set up B．beat down C．drew on D．rose to
50．A．shot up B．slowed down C．broke out D．put off
51．A．swinging B．bouncing C．rolling D．twinkling
52．A．curious B．enthusiastic C．upset D．desperate
53．A．barely B．constantly C．ultimately D．merely
54．A foundation B．appreciation C．resolution D．recognition
55．A．contrast B．attitude C．priority D．exposure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Born in 1874 in Ireland, Shackleton left school at 16 and then joined the NW Shipping Company, 56______ (become) a master mariner in 1898. Before captaining 57______ ship Endurance, Shackleton accompanied Robert Scott 58______ the Discovery expedition and also led the Nimrod expedition, both of 59______ went to Antarctica. Although the Endurance expedition was a failure, there was no 60______ (lose) of life, thanks to Shackleton’s 61______ (dare) rescue mission. Shackleton 62______ (celebrate) as one of the world’s greatest explorers, and the Endurance expedition story is said by many 63______ (be) the greatest rescue mission of all time. It makes people reflect on 64______ the characteristics of courage and 65______ (persevere) can help to situations of great adversity.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．人工智能时代已悄然来临，随处可见的人工智能让生活越来越便利的同时也带来许多困惑。请给英语报写一篇投稿，陈述其利弊并表明个人态度。
注意：词数80词左右
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第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Keeping up seemed so important when I was a teenager. Back in 1973, if you weren’t wearing Penny Loafers (乐福鞋), you’d just as soon go around in your bare feet. There was only one problem that year, I had bought Oxfords — but Penny Loafers were popular
“I need some money for Penny Loafers.” I told my dad one afternoon at the shop where he worked as a car mechanic.
Dad looked at me for a full minute before he answered, “Wear those shoes one more day. Look at every pair of shoes you see at school. If you can tell me that you are worse off than the other kids, I’ll buy new shoes for you.”
The next day, I did what Dad said I saw many schoolmates wore torn shoes of the likes I’d never had to wear, and shoes with holes in them, but I had no intention of telling him the results.
When school was out, I rushed to Dad. The shop was quiet. Only an occasional clank (叮当声) of metal could be heard as Dad worked under a car. Then dad’s shoes came into my sight. They were old and black, the kind mechanics and service-station attendants wore. I saw the mended soles (鞋底) and the spliced laces (拼接的鞋带).
“You do what I told you today ”
“Yes, sir.”
“Well, what do you want to do ” He looked as though he might know what my answer would be.
“I still want the Penny Loafers.” I forced myself not to look at his shoes.
Dad handed me ten dollars. I took the money and went to the mall two blocks down the street. A rack (货架) on a far wall appeared as if it had a million pairs of black Penny Loafers resting on it. On a rack next to it was a sign that reads “CLEARANCE 50% OFF”. Below the sign sat several “young” versions of Dad’s shoes.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mind was playing Ping-Pong. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ I ran back to the shop and put Dad’s new shoes on the seat in his car. ___________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________
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