【精品解析】福建省2023年中考英语真题

福建省2023年中考英语真题
一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．（2023·福建） —Harry, is this your basketball
—Yes, it's ____.
A．his B．yours C．mine
2．（2023·福建） The toy is ____ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A．for B．from C．by
3．（2023·福建）— It's such a long way!
— Don't worry. You ____ share a ride with me.
A．must B．can C．should
4．（2023·福建） — How is the ____ today
— It's hot. You don't need to wear the coat.
A．weather B．traffic C．price
5．（2023·福建） He is so honest a man that we all ____ him.
A．teach B．trust C．refuse
6．（2023·福建） — ____ is it from our home to the museum, Dad
— It's about two kilometers.
A．How far B．How often C．How soon
7．（2023·福建） Modern technologies ____ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023.
A．were used B．are using C．will be used
8．（2023·福建） —To tell the truth, I am now feeling very ____.
—Take it easy. You'll make it.
A．peaceful B．nervous C．confident
9．（2023·福建） I ____ the great scientist from magazines, and I wish to see him some day.
A．know about B．look after C．talk with
10．（2023·福建） ____ David has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future.
A．If B．When C．Though
11．（2023·福建） It's reported that China plans ____ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A．send B．sending C．to send
12．（2023·福建）—Jane won first place in the art festival.
—Yes, her mother told me very ____ just now.
A．strictly B．proudly C．weakly
13．（2023·福建）— How do you like my poem Moonlight
— I ____ it. It's about the beauty of nature.
A．am interested in B．am worried about C．am thankful for
14．（2023·福建） —Sally, I ____ the picture already.
—Wow, truly beautiful!
A．finish B．have finished C．was finishing
15．（2023·福建） —Would you please tell me ____
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
It was a warm Sunday afternoon in May, 2021. Beside the Lech River many people were playing and picnicking, and they felt 16． and relaxed. Some people were cooling their feet in the 17． water from the snow-covered mountains nearby. From behind the bar (吧台) at the restaurant, Paul Blachut, a 18． , had a good view of the river.
A mother and two daughters were playing on the riverbank when, suddenly, they 19． into the fast-running water. A passer-by shouted 20． , "Help! Three people are being carried away by the water!" Looking up from his work, Paul noticed the three women flapping (摆动) their arms in the water, trying to 21． anything they could.
Paul rushed to the riverbank and jumped into the river. He didn't 22． the cold. All he could think about was saving the women. As he got closer to them, he found the mother had the most 23． because her long dress made her so heavy. He pushed her to the bank first. Then he managed to save the two daughters with other people's help.
Later, people expressed their admiration for Pau, 24． he was modest(谦虚的) about his role. "It only took me two or three minutes," he said, adding that he was happy to have received high praise from his boss for his 25． . Indeed, it was a job very well done.
16．A．tired B．strange C．comfortable
17．A．calm B．cold C．salty
18．A．boss B．waiter C．tourist
19．A．fell B．ran C．looked
20．A．politely B．bravely C．loudly
21．A．catch B．shake C．cover
22．A．get over B．care about C．keep out
23．A．pleasure B．time C．trouble
24．A．but B．or C．so
25．A．advice B．courage C．advantage
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
（2023·福建）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
Books of the Week
※ Laurence in Hopeland — by Wilton Smith Laurence is a boy from Hopeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and beloved grandpa. One day when he can't find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.
※ Gavin Talks to Birds — by Wayae Abel When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds. Now a whole world has opened up to him, but can he use his new abilities to help save the birds' world
※ Life of Dorothy — by Nelson Arthur After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is now meeting with many strange things, from some sudden accidents to losing her friend's pet pig. The ups and downs of the story will keep you laughing from beginning to end.
※ The Last of Drumfield — by Gorgeous Morgan It's about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale (童话的) world. And they have to find a way back.
26．Which book is about looking for Grandpa
A．Laurence in Hopeland. B．Gavin Talks to Birds.
C．Life of Dorothy. D．The Last of Drumfield.
27．Who can talk to birds
A．Laurence. B．Gavin. C．Dorothy. D．Ella.
28．Dorothy gets into trouble after she ____.
A．meets a stranger B．loses her pet pig
C．reads a scary story D．laughs at her friend
29．The writer of Life of Dorothy is ____.
A．Wilton Smith B．Wayae Abel
C．Nelson Arthur D．Gorgeous Morgan
30．What do we know about Ella
A．She is good at magic.
B．She helps save the birds' world.
C．She lives in a fairytale world.
D．She experiences an unusual trip.
（2023·福建）阅读理解
Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.
No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.
Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:
● Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes.
● Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes.
● Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes.
If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don't worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears "happy tears".
31．Onions can help you fight off sickness because they have ____.
A．different colors B．many uses in cooking
C．great taste D．special chemicals
32．Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions
A．To improve physical condition.
B．To prevent common diseases.
C．To wash away irritating chemicals.
D．To cause terrible pain.
33．What can you do to stop crying according to the text
① Cut the onion under running water.
② Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting.
③ Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it.
④ Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
34．What does the underlined word "resilient" in the last paragraph mean in Chinese
A．疲惫的 B．敏感的 C．适应的 D．虚弱的
35．In which section of a magazine can you probably read the text
A．Life and health. B．Language and culture.
C．Business world. D．National news.
（2023·福建）阅读理解
In the past nine years, Li Jin, who was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya, has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan. He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection through new media platforms (媒体平台).
Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered (注册) as a volunteer in May, 2017. Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.
In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1, 170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment. So far, he has spent about 3, 800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2, 300 people have joined in with his encouragement. They've drawn the attention of both the adults (成年人) and the children to the importance of protecting the oceans and beaches. Since it was set up, his center has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities that have seen about 1, 800 people join in. In 2021, because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos, in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.
"My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work," he said.
36．What is Li Jin trying hard to protect
A．The beaches in Guangxi.
B．The waters of Sanya.
C．The wildlife on the Sanya River.
D．The cities in Hainan.
37．How many people join Li Jin's volunteer service center
A．550. B．1,170. C．1,800. D．2,300.
38．What can we know from paragraph 3
A．Millions of people join in Li Jin's activities.
B．Members in Li Jin's service center get paid.
C．Most activities are organized for children.
D．Some videos Li Jin made are a success.
39．Which of the following best describes Li Jin
A．Quiet and kind-hearted. B．Patient and humorous.
C．Strong-minded and selfless. D．Honest and easygoing.
40．What is the text mainly about
A．A hero praised for volunteer work.
B．The leader in a cleanup activity.
C．The meaning of protecting water.
D．A volunteer service center.
（2023·福建）阅读理解
Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. It's the first time it's been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to "think" for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned "I don't have my driver's license yet" into "She has not even started to learn to drive yet." It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn't understand their thoughts.
The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, "We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them." The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.
41．What does the underlined word "It" in paragraph 1 refer to (指代)
A．A way. B．Anything. C．The brain. D．AI.
42．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To describe the process of the experiment.
B．To explain the results of the experiment.
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment.
D．To list the difficulties with the experiment.
43．What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A．The AI is much cleverer than people.
B．The AI didn't start the work as it was ordered.
C．The AI couldn't understand the exact words of what people thought.
D．The AI will be well developed according to people's special needs.
44．What can we learn from the text
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control.
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future.
C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems.
D．It's expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas.
45．What can be the best title for the text
A．High Risks of Using AI. B．Mind-Reading Development.
C．Importance of Human Brain. D．Ways of Improving Technology.
四、任务型阅读（每小题2分,共10分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。
Sailing a boat is great exercise, which can be enjoyed with family or friends. Many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. 　46． 　
● Understand the basics (基础知识).
When you're starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. 　47． 　 It works like any sailboat-with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward. The sailor, the person working the boat, has to be able to move the sails, as well as use a rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go.
● Find sailing near you.
The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely, with the help of experienced sailing coaches. 　48． 　 Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group.
● Prepare for your lesson.
As a beginner, your lesson will start on land. You'll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. 　49． 　It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry easily.
● 　50． 　
Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you're on the dock (码头). Don't go near a boat or take one out unless your parents agree, and never sail or swim alone.
A. Stay safe.
B. Here's how to get started.
C. You should begin on a small boat made for kids.
D. The lesson should also provide most of what you need to sail.
E. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you.
五、补全对话：根据情景提示，用英语完成下列各题。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．（2023·福建） 上课前老师对你说"Good afternoon."时，你可以这样应答：
52．（2023·福建） 你看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功时，会这样赞叹：
53．（2023·福建） 你想询问对方的健康情况，可以这样问：
54．（2023·福建） 朋友问你"Would you like tea or coffee "时，你可以这样应答：
55．（2023·福建） 你对自己所做的事情感到抱歉时，可以这样说：
　 　 for what I did
六、补全对话：根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
56．（2023·福建） now　 　
57．（2023·福建） next Sunday　 　
58．（2023·福建） have, yesterday　 　
59．（2023·福建） long, of all　 　
60．（2023·福建） important　 　
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft (泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 　61． 　 (encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫).
Nie Peng 　62． 　 (be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 　63． 　 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen (手艺人) in and near 　64． 　 (he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 　65． 　 (rich) than before.
The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 　66． 　 (start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 　67． 　 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 　68． 　 (size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful.
Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 　69． 　 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 　70． 　 (real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation.
八、书面表达（满分15分）
71．（2023·福建） 某地"美丽乡村（Beautiful Village）"项目吸引了不少外宾，暑假期间需要数名擅长英语的小导游。假定你是李华，希望成为其中的一员。请你结合以下表格提示，给该项目的外事负责人王先生写一封英文自荐信。词数80左右。
What kind of person you are friendly, active…
What you are good at speak English, tell stories…
What you can do introduce local culture, help foreigners…
注意事项：
●必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
●意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；
●请勿在文中使用真实姓名、校名和地名。
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】代词辨析；mine
【解析】【分析】句意：哈里，这是你的篮球吗？是的，它是我的。his他的；yours你(们)的；mine我的。根据 is this your basketball 中your，第二人称可知要用第一人称来回答，故选C。
【点评】考查代词辨析。根据代词的词义，选择正确的代词。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个玩具是给我的弟弟。我昨天买的。for为了，给；from来自；by通过。根据下文 I bought it yesterday. 可知我给我兄弟买的。故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。理解介词的词义，根据语境，选择正确的介词。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】情态动词；动词辨析；can
【解析】【分析】句意：——这是一条很长的路！——别担心。你可以和我一起乘车。must必须，一定；can可以，能；should应该。根据上文Don't worry.可知表示安慰，可以和我一起乘车。故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析。理解动词辨析，根据语境，选出正确的情态动词。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析；weather
【解析】【分析】句意：——今天天气怎么样？——天气很热。你不需要穿那件外套。weather天气；traffic交通；price价格。根据答语It's hot.可知谈论的是天气，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。掌握名词的词义，根据答语，选择正确的名词。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析；trust
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个如此诚实的人，我们都相信他。teach教；trust相信；refuse拒绝。根据 He is so honest a man可知让我们相信他。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。理解动词的词义，根据语境，选出正确的动词。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】疑问词辨析；how far
【解析】【分析】句意：——爸爸，从我们家到博物馆有多远？——大约两公里。how far多远，询问距离；how often多久一次，询问频率；how soon多久之后，用in+一段时间，常用一般将来时连用。根据答语 It's about two kilometers.可知询问距离，故选A。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析，理解疑问词的词义和用法，根据答语，选出正确疑问词。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：现代技术将在2023年9月举行的19届亚运会上被使用。根据将来的时间状语in September, 2023.可知用一般将来时；由主语Modern technologies与use是动宾关系，要用一般将来时的被动语态will be +过去分词，use的过去分词used，故选C。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据主语与动词的关系确定语态，由时间状语确定时态。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析；nervous
【解析】【分析】句意：——说实话，我现在感觉非常紧张不安。——别紧张。你会成功的。peaceful平静的；nervous紧张不安的；confident自信的。根据 Take it easy. 可知现在感觉非常紧张不安。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。理解形容词的词义，根据语境，选出正确的形容词。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】短语动词；动词辨析；know about
【解析】【分析】句意：我从杂志上了解这位伟大的科学家，我希望有一天能见到他。know about了解；look after照顾，照看；talk with与……谈话。根据下文 I wish to see him some day. 可知从杂志上了解这位科学家。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解短语的词义，根据上下文，选出正确的短语。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】让步状语从句；连词辨析；though
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管大卫失败了很多次，他总是对未来充满希望。if如果，引导的条件状语从句；when当……时，引导的时间状语从句；though尽管，虽然。根据前后句意思可知，前后句是让步关系，用though的让步状语从句，故选C。
【点评】考查连词辨析。理解连词的词义和用法，根据前后句的关系，选出正确的连词。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，中国计划在2030年前送宇航员登上月球。固定搭配plan to do sth计划做某事，此处用不定式作宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配plan to do sth。平时要掌握常用的固定搭配。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——句意：——简在艺术节上得了第一名。——是的，她妈妈刚才非常自豪地告诉我。strictly严格地，严肃地；proudly骄傲地；weakly虚弱地，冷淡地。根据上文 Jane won first place in the art festival. 可知妈妈非常自豪地告诉我。故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。理解副词词义，由上文语境，选择正确副词。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的诗《月光》怎么样？——我对它感兴趣。它是关于自然之美。be interested in...对……感兴趣；be worried about担心；be thankful for因……感谢。根据下文 It's about the beauty of nature. 可知对它感兴趣，故选A。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。理解固定短语的词义，根据语境，选择正确的固定短语。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——萨莉，我已经完成这张画了。——哇，真漂亮！根据不确定的时间状语already，表示过去动作对现在产生结果，用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语I，非第三人称单数，用have，finish的过去分词finished，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的构成和用法。根据时间状语，确定动词的时态，同时注意主谓一致。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导
【解析】【分析】句意：——你愿意告诉我你如何提高你的英语写作？——通过每天写日记。A.你为什么想学英语；B.你经常和谁说英语；C.你如何提高你的英语写作。根据答语 By keeping a diary every day. 可知是对动作的方式的提问，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语，确定正确的连接词，选出正确宾语从句。
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．B；19．A；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了服务员Paul Blachut跳进寒冷的河水里救出了三个人的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据语境、语法、上下文、 逻辑推理斟酌字句选出正确答案，最后通读全文，确保通顺、完整。
16．句意：在莱赫河边，许多人在玩耍和野餐，他们感到舒适和放松。tired累的；strange奇怪的；comfortable舒服的。根据上文many people were playing and picnicking可知，他们感到舒适和放松。 故选C。
17．句意：一些人在附近积雪覆盖的山上的冷水里给脚降温。calm平静的；cold冷的；salty咸的。根据"Some people were cooling their feet"(有些人在给脚降温)可知在冷水里给脚降温。故选B。
18．句意：服务员Paul Blachut从餐厅吧台后面可以很好地看到河的景色。boss老板；waiter服务员；tourist旅客。根据"adding that he was happy to have received high prai se from his boss"(他补充说，他很高兴得到了老板对他的高度赞扬)可知Paul Blachut是一名服务员。故选B。
19．句意：一位母亲和两个女儿正在河边玩耍，突然，她们掉进了湍急的河水中。fell跌倒，落下；ran跑；looked看。根据"Three people are being carried away by thewater!"(有三个人被水冲走了！)可知是掉进水里。fall into"落入，陷入"，固定短语。故选A。
20．句意：一个路人大声喊道："救命！有三个人被水冲走了！"politely有礼貌地；bravely勇敢地；loudly大声地。根据"Help!Three people are being carried away by the water!"(救命！有三个人被水冲走了！)可知有人掉进水里，应是要大声呼喊"救命"。故选C。
21．句意：Paul从工作中抬起头来，注意到那三个女人在水里摆动着她们的手臂，试图抓住她们能抓到的任何东西。catch抓住；shake摇晃；cover覆盖。根据"Paul noticed the three women flapping(摆动) their arms in the water"(Paul注意到那三个女人在水里摆着她们的手臂)可知水里的人想要抓住一切能抓的东西。故选A。
22．句意：他不在乎寒冷。get over克服；care about关心，在乎；keep out阻止。根据"Paul rushed to the riverbank and jumped into the river."(Paul冲到河边，跳进河里。)可知根据动作描写，Paul没有在意冷水。故选B。
23．句意：当他走近他们时，他发现那位母亲遇到了最大的麻烦，因为她的长裙使她显得很重。pleasure娱乐；time时间；trouble麻烦。根据"because her long dress made her so heavy"(因为她的长裙使她显得很重)可知衣服湿了变得很重，这是女士遇到的麻烦。故选C。
24．句意：后来，人们对保罗表示钦佩，但他对自己的角色很谦虚。but但是；or或者；so因此。分析句子可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用连词but。故选A。
25．句意：他很高兴自己的勇气得到了老板的高度赞扬。advice建议；courage勇气；advantage优点。根据全文可知，Paul跳进冷水里救人，这是一件很有勇气的行为。故选B。
【答案】26．A
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．D
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了本周书单的四本书。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
26．细节理解题。根据"One day when he can't find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.有一天，当劳伦斯找不到有魔力的爷爷时，他和叔叔一起找出了真相。"可知，Laurence in Hopeland这本书关于寻找爷爷，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据"When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds.当10岁的加文加入一个超级英雄团队时，他发现自己有一种不同寻常的能力：他能和鸟说话。"可知，Gavin可以和鸟说话，故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据"After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery."可知，在遇到一个陌生人后，Dorothy发现自己在一个充满神秘的地方。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据"Life of Dorothy— by Nelson Arthur"可知，Life of Dorothy这本书的作者是Nelson Arthur，故选C.
30．推理判断题。根据"It's about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale(童话的) world."可知，Ella从她姨妈那里得到了一本书，当她和她的好朋友一起读这本书时，她们掉进了书里，被带到一个童话世界。由此可知，经历了一次不寻常的旅行。故选D。
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．B
34．C
35．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 本文介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，同时也讲解了切洋葱时为什么会流泪，并提供了三种方法来避免流泪。最后，文章鼓励读者多吃洋葱，即使流泪也可以称之为幸福的泪水。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题，注意先读懂文章大意，再分析问题和选项，到文章找到关键词进行理解和判断。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.(它们含有特殊的化学物质，可以提高你抵抗疾病的能力，减少你生病的机会。)可知洋葱可以帮助你抵抗疾病，因为它们含有特殊的化学物质，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段When you cut into an onion，irritating(刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain.Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.(当你切洋葱时，洋葱内部的刺激性化学物质会进入空气中。它们会触摸你的整个眼睛，引起疼痛。你的眼睛会分泌眼泪来洗掉化学物质，保护你的眼睛。)可知当你切洋葱时，你的眼睛会分泌眼泪来洗掉化学物质，保护你的眼睛，故选C。
33．细节排序题。根据①Cut the onion under running water.(在流水下切洋葱。)以及②Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it.(切洋葱时，用电扇在上面吹气。)以及④Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.(把洋葱放在冰箱里一小时后再切。)可知当你切洋葱的时候，你可以在流水下切洋葱，用电扇在上面吹气或者把洋葱放在冰箱里一小时后再切，故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long.(科学家认为，如果你切更多的洋葱，你的身体对洋葱中的化学物质会变得更.....。所以眼泪不会持续太久。)可推知此处是指切的多，你的身体就适应洋葱中的化学物质，可知resilient意思是"适应的"，故选C。
35．文章出处题。根据第一段People have used onions to add flavor(味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you.They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.(几千年来，人们一直用洋葱给食物调味。洋葱除了味道好，对你也有好处。它们含有特殊的化学物质，可以提高你抵抗疾病的能力，减少你生病的机会。）可知本文主要介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，可推知在杂志的生活与健康栏看到这篇文章，故选A。
【答案】36．B
37．B
38．D
39．C
40．A
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事。
【点评】阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36．细节理解题。根据Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.李进立即带头对三亚河进行了清理。可知李金参与了三亚河湖清理工作，努力保护三亚河的水。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1,170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment. 2021年4月，他用自己的钱成立了一个志愿者服务中心，该中心有1170名注册会员，他们无需付费即可参加活动。可知有1170名志愿者参与活动中。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据In 2021, because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos, in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment. 2021年，由于李在环保界的影响力越来越大，市政府邀请他制作了多个短视频，他在视频中用简单的语言解释如何保护环境。可推知李进制作的一些视频很成功。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据So far, he has spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events.截至目前为止，他花费了约3800个小时从事志愿者活动，且会继续坚持下去，由此可见他是意志坚强的人；和My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work,如果我得到报酬，我的志愿工作将毫无意义。但这项工作本身就很有价值。所以我会继续做环保工作，可推知他是一个坚定的志愿者，也是一个无私的人。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事，说明李金是一个因志愿者工作而受到赞扬的英雄。故选A。
【答案】41．D
42．A
43．C
44．D
45．B
【知识点】说明文；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种心智阅读的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。
【点评】考查阅读理解。对于推理判断题，要根据文章的细节和作者的观点进行判断，不要主观臆断；对于细节理解题，可直接从短文中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系确定划线部分题在短文中的意思。
41．代词指代题。根据第一段They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to "think" for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.(他们使用人工智能(AI)。人工智能是一种计算机系统的名称，它能够自己"思考"，并执行通常需要人类智能才能完成的任务。)可知此处It指代的是人工智能，故选D。
42．目的意图题。根据第二段People taking part in the experiment(实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The Al tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.(参加实验的人听了16个小时的收音机，他们的大脑被扫描。这个人工智能工具学会了将某些大脑活动与他们听到的单词联系起来。在那之后，每个人都被要求思考一个故事，人工智能工具设法在这些想法发生时收集这些想法。)可推知第二段主要描述了实验的过程，故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段For example, it turned "I don't have my driver's license yet" into" She has not even started to learn to drive yet." It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The Al was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn't understand their thoughts.(例如，它把"我还没有驾照"变成了"她甚至还没有开始学开车。"它通常能理解人们在想什么，而不是确切的话语。人工智能是个性化的，所以当它从一个人那里学习，但在另一个人身上进行测试时，它无法理解他们的想法。)可知第三段的例子能够说明人工智能无法准确理解人们的想法，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段The scientists hope it will help people with certain medicaI conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.(科学家们希望它能帮助那些患有某些疾病的人，那些仍然清醒但失去了说话能力的人，再次与人交流。)可知预计人工智能将帮助那些失去说话能力的人再次与人交流，故选D。
45．标题归纳题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words.科学家们已经开发出一种解读思想的方法，将无声的思想转化为书面文字。可知本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。选项B"读心术的发展"符合主题，故选B。
【答案】46．B；47．C；48．E；49．D；50．A
【知识点】任务型阅读；体育竞技类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 本文介绍了划船是一项很好的锻炼，及其如何开始划船的四个步骤。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
46．根据前句With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them.(只要一些课程和练习，你就可以成为他们中的一员。)及其后文的四个步骤，可知说的是如何开始，结合选项，应说"下面是如何开始。"故选B。
47．根据后句It works like any sailboat— with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward.(它的工作原理就像任何帆船一样——有帆可以抓住风并推动船前进。)可知说的是建造小船，结合选项，应说"你应该从一艘为孩子们建造的小船开始。"故选C。
48．根据后句Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group.(然后让你的父母打电话给他们，了解他们为你这个年龄段的孩子提供了什么课程或训练营。)可知说的是找到一个俱乐部，结合选项，应说"首先，找到帆船俱乐部，在你附近寻找青少年课程。"故选E。
49．根据前句Prepare for your lesson.(为你的课做准备。)可知说的是做准备，结合选项，应说"这堂课也应该提供你航行所需的大部分东西。"故选D。
50．根据后句Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you're on the dock(码头).(记住，即使在码头上，也要在水上或靠近水面的地方穿救生衣。)可知说的是注意安全，结合选项，应说"保持安全。"故选A。
51．【答案】Good afternoon
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示： Good afternoon. 下午好，可知你应该同样应答：下午好，英文表达： Good afternoon.
【点评】考查情景交际。掌握常用的日常用语。
52．【答案】How great China is!
【知识点】情景交际；how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示， 看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功时 ，可知你会这样的感叹：中国是中国，China，专有名词；be，连系动词；多么，how；副词；伟大的，great！由句意是一般现在时的感叹句，对形容词感叹，how+形容词+主语+谓语动词+其他！主语China，专有名词，be用is。故答案为： How great China is!
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所给的语境，确定正确的句子，由句子的种类，从而确定句子的结构。
53．【答案】How are you feeling
【知识点】情景交际；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：根据 询问对方的健康情况，可知可以这样问：你感觉怎么样？你，作主语，用主格you；感觉，动词feel；怎么样how。由句意可知，表示现在的感觉，用现在进行时be+现在分词，主语you，非第三人称单数，be要用are，feel的现在分词feeling。故答案为：How are you feeling!
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所给的语境，确定正确的句子，由句子的种类，从而确定句子的结构。
54．【答案】I'd/I would like tea/coffee.
【知识点】情景交际；情态动词；肯定陈述句
【解析】【分析】根据所给的问句Would you like tea or coffee 你愿意喝茶还是喝咖啡？表示征求意见。可知可以这样的应答：我愿意喝茶或咖啡。我，作主语，用主格I；愿意，would like，动词短语；茶，tea，不可数名词；咖啡，coffee，不可数名词。I would like=I'd like.故答案为I'd/I would like tea/coffee.
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所做的问句，确定正确的答语。
55．【答案】I'm sorry
【知识点】情景交际；表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示： 你对自己所做的事情感到抱歉时，可以这样说 ：我为我所做的事情感到抱歉。我，作主语，用主格I，为……道歉，be sorry for...，由句意可知，表示现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语I，非第三人称单数，be用am。故填 I'm sorry。
【点评】考查情景交际。根据语境和中英文提示，写出正确的句子。
56．【答案】The girl is cooking now.
【知识点】主谓一致；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词的提示，可知用"那个女孩正在做饭。"描述。女孩，girl，可数名词，此处用定冠词the表示特指，位于句首要大写；做饭，cook，动词；now，现在，谓语动词用现在进行时，be(am/is/are)+现在分词，主语 the girl，可数名词单数，be要用is，cook现在分词cooking，故答案为 The girl is cooking now.
【点评】考查图片完成句子。根据所给的图片和词的提示，确定正确句意，写出正确的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
57．【答案】The boy is going to fly a kite next Sunday.
【知识点】主谓一致；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词的提示，可知用"这个男孩下星期天要放风筝。"描述。男孩，boy，可数名词，此处表示特指，用定冠词the，位于句首要大写；放风筝，fly a kite，固定短语；next Sunday下星期天，可知谓语动词要用一般将来时be going to+动词原形，主语the boy，可数名词单数，be用is。故答案为 The boy is going to fly a kite next Sunday.
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据所给的图片和短语，确定正确的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
58．【答案】We had fish yesterday.
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词汇，可知用"我们昨天吃了鱼肉。"我们，作主语，用主格we，位于句首要大写；have，吃，动词；鱼肉，fish，不可数名词；yesterday昨天，谓语动词用一般过去时，have的过去式had。故答案为 We had fish yesterday.
【点评】考查看图片写句子。根据所给的图片和所给词，确定描述的句子，同时注意时态。
59．【答案】Lily's ruler is the longest of all.
【知识点】最高级的一般句式；表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词汇，可知用"莉莉的尺子是在所有(尺子) 中最长的。"Lily's，莉莉的，名词所有格，修饰名词作定语；尺子，ruler，可数名词，此处用单数；是，be；长的，long，形容词，最长的，longest，最高级，其前用定冠词the；of all，在所有……中。由句意可知陈述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语ruler，可数名词单数，be用is。故答案为： Lily's ruler is the longest of all.
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据图片和所给的词汇，确定描述的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
60．【答案】It's important to plant trees.
【知识点】表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和所给的词，可知用"植树很重要。"植树，plant trees，固定短语；是，be，连系动词；important重要的，形容词。由句意可知，用不定式作真正的主语，用it作形式主语，be用is，故答案为：It's important to plant trees. 。
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据所给的图片和词，确定正确的句子，同时主语时态和主谓一致。
【答案】61．encouraged；62．is；63．a；64．his；65．richer；66．started；67．At；68．sizes；69．and；70．really
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 主要讲述了山东潍坊的传统工艺泥塑以及泥塑传承人聂鹏的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词，时态以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。
61．句意：潍坊政府鼓励当地人学习传统工艺品，多赚钱脱贫。分析句意可知，主语和动词之间是主动关系，根据空前has的提示可知，句子应用现在完成时，have/has 过去分词，encourage的过去分词是encouraged。故填：encouraged。
62．句意：聂鹏是聂家庄的一位年轻村民。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语Nie Peng是人名，故be应用is。故填：is。
63．句意：他小时候就开始向父亲学习。根据句意可知，空处表示泛指，且child以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。故填：a。
64．句意：他带领村里及附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩色泥塑，这项工艺已成为当地人致富的重要途径。空处的词修饰名词作定语，故应用形容词性的物主代词his"他的"。故填：his。
65．句意：他带领村里及附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩色泥塑，这项工艺已成为当地人致富的重要途径。根据空格前有连系动词get"变得"，和空后than的提示可知，空处的形容词应用比较级richer"更富裕"。故填：richer。
66．句意：聂从2010年，虎年开始学习制作泥老虎。根据时间状语in 2010，the Year of the Tiger可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词start应用过去式started。故填：started。
67．句意：起初，这些泥老虎都是同样小的体型。at first"起初"，固定短语，句首首字母大写。故填：At。
68．句意：有不同大小的老虎，最大的可达两米多高。size"大小"，可数名词，因之前有different修饰，故名词应用复数形式sizes。故填：sizes。
69．句意：今天，聂关心泥塑工艺的未来，鼓励年轻的工匠创作更多的作品。分析前后句句意可知，空处的连词表示并列关系，故应用and"和"，连接。故填：and。
70．句意：他真地希望雕塑工艺能传给下一代。分析句子结构可知，空处的词是修饰动词，故应用副词作状语，形容词real的副词为really"真地"。故填：really。
71．【答案】Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides. I'd like to be one of them. I think I am suitable for the job.
First of all, I am friendly and patient. I am active in many activities. Besides, I speak English well and have won several prizes in English speaking competitions. I am also good at telling stories. So I can introduce local culture to foreigners in English. Most importantly, I have visited the beautiful village many times and I can help foreigners better understand the life of the village.
I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；提纲作文；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类应用文作文。主要以一般现在时和第一人称为主通过三段式介绍：开头，介绍自己想成为"美丽乡村"项目的英语小导游；具体阐述自己具备的品质和擅长做的事；最后书写结尾，再次表达希望成为小导游中的一员。写作中应适当使用连词。做到上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。
【点评】文章中使用了非常好的短语或句子会给文章增色。①be suitable for适合于.…...② introduce sth to sb向某人介绍某物③Most importantly最重要的是 。①I think I am suitable for the job.(省略that的宾语从句)②I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.(if引导的条件状语从句）还运用了first of all，besides，so等使上下文衔接的更好。
1 / 1福建省2023年中考英语真题
一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．（2023·福建） —Harry, is this your basketball
—Yes, it's ____.
A．his B．yours C．mine
【答案】C
【知识点】代词辨析；mine
【解析】【分析】句意：哈里，这是你的篮球吗？是的，它是我的。his他的；yours你(们)的；mine我的。根据 is this your basketball 中your，第二人称可知要用第一人称来回答，故选C。
【点评】考查代词辨析。根据代词的词义，选择正确的代词。
2．（2023·福建） The toy is ____ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.
A．for B．from C．by
【答案】A
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个玩具是给我的弟弟。我昨天买的。for为了，给；from来自；by通过。根据下文 I bought it yesterday. 可知我给我兄弟买的。故选A。
【点评】考查介词辨析。理解介词的词义，根据语境，选择正确的介词。
3．（2023·福建）— It's such a long way!
— Don't worry. You ____ share a ride with me.
A．must B．can C．should
【答案】B
【知识点】情态动词；动词辨析；can
【解析】【分析】句意：——这是一条很长的路！——别担心。你可以和我一起乘车。must必须，一定；can可以，能；should应该。根据上文Don't worry.可知表示安慰，可以和我一起乘车。故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析。理解动词辨析，根据语境，选出正确的情态动词。
4．（2023·福建） — How is the ____ today
— It's hot. You don't need to wear the coat.
A．weather B．traffic C．price
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析；weather
【解析】【分析】句意：——今天天气怎么样？——天气很热。你不需要穿那件外套。weather天气；traffic交通；price价格。根据答语It's hot.可知谈论的是天气，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。掌握名词的词义，根据答语，选择正确的名词。
5．（2023·福建） He is so honest a man that we all ____ him.
A．teach B．trust C．refuse
【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析；trust
【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个如此诚实的人，我们都相信他。teach教；trust相信；refuse拒绝。根据 He is so honest a man可知让我们相信他。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。理解动词的词义，根据语境，选出正确的动词。
6．（2023·福建） — ____ is it from our home to the museum, Dad
— It's about two kilometers.
A．How far B．How often C．How soon
【答案】A
【知识点】疑问词辨析；how far
【解析】【分析】句意：——爸爸，从我们家到博物馆有多远？——大约两公里。how far多远，询问距离；how often多久一次，询问频率；how soon多久之后，用in+一段时间，常用一般将来时连用。根据答语 It's about two kilometers.可知询问距离，故选A。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析，理解疑问词的词义和用法，根据答语，选出正确疑问词。
7．（2023·福建） Modern technologies ____ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023.
A．were used B．are using C．will be used
【答案】C
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：现代技术将在2023年9月举行的19届亚运会上被使用。根据将来的时间状语in September, 2023.可知用一般将来时；由主语Modern technologies与use是动宾关系，要用一般将来时的被动语态will be +过去分词，use的过去分词used，故选C。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据主语与动词的关系确定语态，由时间状语确定时态。
8．（2023·福建） —To tell the truth, I am now feeling very ____.
—Take it easy. You'll make it.
A．peaceful B．nervous C．confident
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析；nervous
【解析】【分析】句意：——说实话，我现在感觉非常紧张不安。——别紧张。你会成功的。peaceful平静的；nervous紧张不安的；confident自信的。根据 Take it easy. 可知现在感觉非常紧张不安。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。理解形容词的词义，根据语境，选出正确的形容词。
9．（2023·福建） I ____ the great scientist from magazines, and I wish to see him some day.
A．know about B．look after C．talk with
【答案】A
【知识点】短语动词；动词辨析；know about
【解析】【分析】句意：我从杂志上了解这位伟大的科学家，我希望有一天能见到他。know about了解；look after照顾，照看；talk with与……谈话。根据下文 I wish to see him some day. 可知从杂志上了解这位科学家。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解短语的词义，根据上下文，选出正确的短语。
10．（2023·福建） ____ David has failed many times, he is always full of hope for the future.
A．If B．When C．Though
【答案】C
【知识点】让步状语从句；连词辨析；though
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管大卫失败了很多次，他总是对未来充满希望。if如果，引导的条件状语从句；when当……时，引导的时间状语从句；though尽管，虽然。根据前后句意思可知，前后句是让步关系，用though的让步状语从句，故选C。
【点评】考查连词辨析。理解连词的词义和用法，根据前后句的关系，选出正确的连词。
11．（2023·福建） It's reported that China plans ____ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A．send B．sending C．to send
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：据报道，中国计划在2030年前送宇航员登上月球。固定搭配plan to do sth计划做某事，此处用不定式作宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配plan to do sth。平时要掌握常用的固定搭配。
12．（2023·福建）—Jane won first place in the art festival.
—Yes, her mother told me very ____ just now.
A．strictly B．proudly C．weakly
【答案】B
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：——句意：——简在艺术节上得了第一名。——是的，她妈妈刚才非常自豪地告诉我。strictly严格地，严肃地；proudly骄傲地；weakly虚弱地，冷淡地。根据上文 Jane won first place in the art festival. 可知妈妈非常自豪地告诉我。故选B。
【点评】考查副词辨析。理解副词词义，由上文语境，选择正确副词。
13．（2023·福建）— How do you like my poem Moonlight
— I ____ it. It's about the beauty of nature.
A．am interested in B．am worried about C．am thankful for
【答案】A
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的诗《月光》怎么样？——我对它感兴趣。它是关于自然之美。be interested in...对……感兴趣；be worried about担心；be thankful for因……感谢。根据下文 It's about the beauty of nature. 可知对它感兴趣，故选A。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。理解固定短语的词义，根据语境，选择正确的固定短语。
14．（2023·福建） —Sally, I ____ the picture already.
—Wow, truly beautiful!
A．finish B．have finished C．was finishing
【答案】B
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：——萨莉，我已经完成这张画了。——哇，真漂亮！根据不确定的时间状语already，表示过去动作对现在产生结果，用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语I，非第三人称单数，用have，finish的过去分词finished，故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的构成和用法。根据时间状语，确定动词的时态，同时注意主谓一致。
15．（2023·福建） —Would you please tell me ____
—By keeping a diary every day.
A．why you want to study English
B．who you often speak English with
C．how you improve your English writing
【答案】C
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导
【解析】【分析】句意：——你愿意告诉我你如何提高你的英语写作？——通过每天写日记。A.你为什么想学英语；B.你经常和谁说英语；C.你如何提高你的英语写作。根据答语 By keeping a diary every day. 可知是对动作的方式的提问，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语，确定正确的连接词，选出正确宾语从句。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
It was a warm Sunday afternoon in May, 2021. Beside the Lech River many people were playing and picnicking, and they felt 16． and relaxed. Some people were cooling their feet in the 17． water from the snow-covered mountains nearby. From behind the bar (吧台) at the restaurant, Paul Blachut, a 18． , had a good view of the river.
A mother and two daughters were playing on the riverbank when, suddenly, they 19． into the fast-running water. A passer-by shouted 20． , "Help! Three people are being carried away by the water!" Looking up from his work, Paul noticed the three women flapping (摆动) their arms in the water, trying to 21． anything they could.
Paul rushed to the riverbank and jumped into the river. He didn't 22． the cold. All he could think about was saving the women. As he got closer to them, he found the mother had the most 23． because her long dress made her so heavy. He pushed her to the bank first. Then he managed to save the two daughters with other people's help.
Later, people expressed their admiration for Pau, 24． he was modest(谦虚的) about his role. "It only took me two or three minutes," he said, adding that he was happy to have received high praise from his boss for his 25． . Indeed, it was a job very well done.
16．A．tired B．strange C．comfortable
17．A．calm B．cold C．salty
18．A．boss B．waiter C．tourist
19．A．fell B．ran C．looked
20．A．politely B．bravely C．loudly
21．A．catch B．shake C．cover
22．A．get over B．care about C．keep out
23．A．pleasure B．time C．trouble
24．A．but B．or C．so
25．A．advice B．courage C．advantage
【答案】16．C；17．B；18．B；19．A；20．C；21．A；22．B；23．C；24．A；25．B
【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了服务员Paul Blachut跳进寒冷的河水里救出了三个人的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据语境、语法、上下文、 逻辑推理斟酌字句选出正确答案，最后通读全文，确保通顺、完整。
16．句意：在莱赫河边，许多人在玩耍和野餐，他们感到舒适和放松。tired累的；strange奇怪的；comfortable舒服的。根据上文many people were playing and picnicking可知，他们感到舒适和放松。 故选C。
17．句意：一些人在附近积雪覆盖的山上的冷水里给脚降温。calm平静的；cold冷的；salty咸的。根据"Some people were cooling their feet"(有些人在给脚降温)可知在冷水里给脚降温。故选B。
18．句意：服务员Paul Blachut从餐厅吧台后面可以很好地看到河的景色。boss老板；waiter服务员；tourist旅客。根据"adding that he was happy to have received high prai se from his boss"(他补充说，他很高兴得到了老板对他的高度赞扬)可知Paul Blachut是一名服务员。故选B。
19．句意：一位母亲和两个女儿正在河边玩耍，突然，她们掉进了湍急的河水中。fell跌倒，落下；ran跑；looked看。根据"Three people are being carried away by thewater!"(有三个人被水冲走了！)可知是掉进水里。fall into"落入，陷入"，固定短语。故选A。
20．句意：一个路人大声喊道："救命！有三个人被水冲走了！"politely有礼貌地；bravely勇敢地；loudly大声地。根据"Help!Three people are being carried away by the water!"(救命！有三个人被水冲走了！)可知有人掉进水里，应是要大声呼喊"救命"。故选C。
21．句意：Paul从工作中抬起头来，注意到那三个女人在水里摆动着她们的手臂，试图抓住她们能抓到的任何东西。catch抓住；shake摇晃；cover覆盖。根据"Paul noticed the three women flapping(摆动) their arms in the water"(Paul注意到那三个女人在水里摆着她们的手臂)可知水里的人想要抓住一切能抓的东西。故选A。
22．句意：他不在乎寒冷。get over克服；care about关心，在乎；keep out阻止。根据"Paul rushed to the riverbank and jumped into the river."(Paul冲到河边，跳进河里。)可知根据动作描写，Paul没有在意冷水。故选B。
23．句意：当他走近他们时，他发现那位母亲遇到了最大的麻烦，因为她的长裙使她显得很重。pleasure娱乐；time时间；trouble麻烦。根据"because her long dress made her so heavy"(因为她的长裙使她显得很重)可知衣服湿了变得很重，这是女士遇到的麻烦。故选C。
24．句意：后来，人们对保罗表示钦佩，但他对自己的角色很谦虚。but但是；or或者；so因此。分析句子可知，前后句之间是转折关系，用连词but。故选A。
25．句意：他很高兴自己的勇气得到了老板的高度赞扬。advice建议；courage勇气；advantage优点。根据全文可知，Paul跳进冷水里救人，这是一件很有勇气的行为。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
（2023·福建）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
Books of the Week
※ Laurence in Hopeland — by Wilton Smith Laurence is a boy from Hopeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and beloved grandpa. One day when he can't find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.
※ Gavin Talks to Birds — by Wayae Abel When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds. Now a whole world has opened up to him, but can he use his new abilities to help save the birds' world
※ Life of Dorothy — by Nelson Arthur After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is now meeting with many strange things, from some sudden accidents to losing her friend's pet pig. The ups and downs of the story will keep you laughing from beginning to end.
※ The Last of Drumfield — by Gorgeous Morgan It's about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale (童话的) world. And they have to find a way back.
26．Which book is about looking for Grandpa
A．Laurence in Hopeland. B．Gavin Talks to Birds.
C．Life of Dorothy. D．The Last of Drumfield.
27．Who can talk to birds
A．Laurence. B．Gavin. C．Dorothy. D．Ella.
28．Dorothy gets into trouble after she ____.
A．meets a stranger B．loses her pet pig
C．reads a scary story D．laughs at her friend
29．The writer of Life of Dorothy is ____.
A．Wilton Smith B．Wayae Abel
C．Nelson Arthur D．Gorgeous Morgan
30．What do we know about Ella
A．She is good at magic.
B．She helps save the birds' world.
C．She lives in a fairytale world.
D．She experiences an unusual trip.
【答案】26．A
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．D
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了本周书单的四本书。
【点评】 考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
26．细节理解题。根据"One day when he can't find his grandpa who has magic powers, Laurence teams up with his uncle to find out the truth.有一天，当劳伦斯找不到有魔力的爷爷时，他和叔叔一起找出了真相。"可知，Laurence in Hopeland这本书关于寻找爷爷，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据"When 10-year-old Gavin joins a team of superheroes, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk to birds.当10岁的加文加入一个超级英雄团队时，他发现自己有一种不同寻常的能力：他能和鸟说话。"可知，Gavin可以和鸟说话，故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据"After meeting a stranger, Dorothy finds herself in a place with deep mystery."可知，在遇到一个陌生人后，Dorothy发现自己在一个充满神秘的地方。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据"Life of Dorothy— by Nelson Arthur"可知，Life of Dorothy这本书的作者是Nelson Arthur，故选C.
30．推理判断题。根据"It's about Ella who has got a book from her aunt. When she is reading the book with her good friend, they drop into the book and are taken to a fairytale(童话的) world."可知，Ella从她姨妈那里得到了一本书，当她和她的好朋友一起读这本书时，她们掉进了书里，被带到一个童话世界。由此可知，经历了一次不寻常的旅行。故选D。
（2023·福建）阅读理解
Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.
No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.
Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions:
● Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes.
● Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes.
● Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes.
If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don't worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears "happy tears".
31．Onions can help you fight off sickness because they have ____.
A．different colors B．many uses in cooking
C．great taste D．special chemicals
32．Why do your eyes make tears when you cut onions
A．To improve physical condition.
B．To prevent common diseases.
C．To wash away irritating chemicals.
D．To cause terrible pain.
33．What can you do to stop crying according to the text
① Cut the onion under running water.
② Use a fan to blow air over the onion while cutting.
③ Cover the onion with a piece of cloth as you cut it.
④ Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
34．What does the underlined word "resilient" in the last paragraph mean in Chinese
A．疲惫的 B．敏感的 C．适应的 D．虚弱的
35．In which section of a magazine can you probably read the text
A．Life and health. B．Language and culture.
C．Business world. D．National news.
【答案】31．D
32．C
33．B
34．C
35．A
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 本文介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，同时也讲解了切洋葱时为什么会流泪，并提供了三种方法来避免流泪。最后，文章鼓励读者多吃洋葱，即使流泪也可以称之为幸福的泪水。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题，注意先读懂文章大意，再分析问题和选项，到文章找到关键词进行理解和判断。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.(它们含有特殊的化学物质，可以提高你抵抗疾病的能力，减少你生病的机会。)可知洋葱可以帮助你抵抗疾病，因为它们含有特殊的化学物质，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段When you cut into an onion，irritating(刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain.Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes.(当你切洋葱时，洋葱内部的刺激性化学物质会进入空气中。它们会触摸你的整个眼睛，引起疼痛。你的眼睛会分泌眼泪来洗掉化学物质，保护你的眼睛。)可知当你切洋葱时，你的眼睛会分泌眼泪来洗掉化学物质，保护你的眼睛，故选C。
33．细节排序题。根据①Cut the onion under running water.(在流水下切洋葱。)以及②Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it.(切洋葱时，用电扇在上面吹气。)以及④Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting.(把洋葱放在冰箱里一小时后再切。)可知当你切洋葱的时候，你可以在流水下切洋葱，用电扇在上面吹气或者把洋葱放在冰箱里一小时后再切，故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion's chemicals. So the tears will not last long.(科学家认为，如果你切更多的洋葱，你的身体对洋葱中的化学物质会变得更.....。所以眼泪不会持续太久。)可推知此处是指切的多，你的身体就适应洋葱中的化学物质，可知resilient意思是"适应的"，故选C。
35．文章出处题。根据第一段People have used onions to add flavor(味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you.They have special chemicals(化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease.(几千年来，人们一直用洋葱给食物调味。洋葱除了味道好，对你也有好处。它们含有特殊的化学物质，可以提高你抵抗疾病的能力，减少你生病的机会。）可知本文主要介绍了洋葱的用途和营养价值，可推知在杂志的生活与健康栏看到这篇文章，故选A。
（2023·福建）阅读理解
In the past nine years, Li Jin, who was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya, has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan. He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection through new media platforms (媒体平台).
Around 2014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered (注册) as a volunteer in May, 2017. Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.
In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1, 170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment. So far, he has spent about 3, 800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2, 300 people have joined in with his encouragement. They've drawn the attention of both the adults (成年人) and the children to the importance of protecting the oceans and beaches. Since it was set up, his center has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities that have seen about 1, 800 people join in. In 2021, because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos, in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.
"My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work," he said.
36．What is Li Jin trying hard to protect
A．The beaches in Guangxi.
B．The waters of Sanya.
C．The wildlife on the Sanya River.
D．The cities in Hainan.
37．How many people join Li Jin's volunteer service center
A．550. B．1,170. C．1,800. D．2,300.
38．What can we know from paragraph 3
A．Millions of people join in Li Jin's activities.
B．Members in Li Jin's service center get paid.
C．Most activities are organized for children.
D．Some videos Li Jin made are a success.
39．Which of the following best describes Li Jin
A．Quiet and kind-hearted. B．Patient and humorous.
C．Strong-minded and selfless. D．Honest and easygoing.
40．What is the text mainly about
A．A hero praised for volunteer work.
B．The leader in a cleanup activity.
C．The meaning of protecting water.
D．A volunteer service center.
【答案】36．B
37．B
38．D
39．C
40．A
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事。
【点评】阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
36．细节理解题。根据Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.李进立即带头对三亚河进行了清理。可知李金参与了三亚河湖清理工作，努力保护三亚河的水。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1,170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment. 2021年4月，他用自己的钱成立了一个志愿者服务中心，该中心有1170名注册会员，他们无需付费即可参加活动。可知有1170名志愿者参与活动中。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据In 2021, because of Li's growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos, in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment. 2021年，由于李在环保界的影响力越来越大，市政府邀请他制作了多个短视频，他在视频中用简单的语言解释如何保护环境。可推知李进制作的一些视频很成功。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据So far, he has spent about 3,800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events.截至目前为止，他花费了约3800个小时从事志愿者活动，且会继续坚持下去，由此可见他是意志坚强的人；和My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work,如果我得到报酬，我的志愿工作将毫无意义。但这项工作本身就很有价值。所以我会继续做环保工作，可推知他是一个坚定的志愿者，也是一个无私的人。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事，说明李金是一个因志愿者工作而受到赞扬的英雄。故选A。
（2023·福建）阅读理解
Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. It's the first time it's been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to "think" for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned "I don't have my driver's license yet" into "She has not even started to learn to drive yet." It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn't understand their thoughts.
The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, "We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them." The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.
41．What does the underlined word "It" in paragraph 1 refer to (指代)
A．A way. B．Anything. C．The brain. D．AI.
42．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To describe the process of the experiment.
B．To explain the results of the experiment.
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment.
D．To list the difficulties with the experiment.
43．What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A．The AI is much cleverer than people.
B．The AI didn't start the work as it was ordered.
C．The AI couldn't understand the exact words of what people thought.
D．The AI will be well developed according to people's special needs.
44．What can we learn from the text
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control.
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future.
C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems.
D．It's expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas.
45．What can be the best title for the text
A．High Risks of Using AI. B．Mind-Reading Development.
C．Importance of Human Brain. D．Ways of Improving Technology.
【答案】41．D
42．A
43．C
44．D
45．B
【知识点】说明文；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种心智阅读的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。
【点评】考查阅读理解。对于推理判断题，要根据文章的细节和作者的观点进行判断，不要主观臆断；对于细节理解题，可直接从短文中找出问题答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系确定划线部分题在短文中的意思。
41．代词指代题。根据第一段They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to "think" for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.(他们使用人工智能(AI)。人工智能是一种计算机系统的名称，它能够自己"思考"，并执行通常需要人类智能才能完成的任务。)可知此处It指代的是人工智能，故选D。
42．目的意图题。根据第二段People taking part in the experiment(实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The Al tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.(参加实验的人听了16个小时的收音机，他们的大脑被扫描。这个人工智能工具学会了将某些大脑活动与他们听到的单词联系起来。在那之后，每个人都被要求思考一个故事，人工智能工具设法在这些想法发生时收集这些想法。)可推知第二段主要描述了实验的过程，故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段For example, it turned "I don't have my driver's license yet" into" She has not even started to learn to drive yet." It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The Al was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn't understand their thoughts.(例如，它把"我还没有驾照"变成了"她甚至还没有开始学开车。"它通常能理解人们在想什么，而不是确切的话语。人工智能是个性化的，所以当它从一个人那里学习，但在另一个人身上进行测试时，它无法理解他们的想法。)可知第三段的例子能够说明人工智能无法准确理解人们的想法，故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段The scientists hope it will help people with certain medicaI conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.(科学家们希望它能帮助那些患有某些疾病的人，那些仍然清醒但失去了说话能力的人，再次与人交流。)可知预计人工智能将帮助那些失去说话能力的人再次与人交流，故选D。
45．标题归纳题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words.科学家们已经开发出一种解读思想的方法，将无声的思想转化为书面文字。可知本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。选项B"读心术的发展"符合主题，故选B。
四、任务型阅读（每小题2分,共10分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。
Sailing a boat is great exercise, which can be enjoyed with family or friends. Many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. 　46． 　
● Understand the basics (基础知识).
When you're starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. 　47． 　 It works like any sailboat-with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward. The sailor, the person working the boat, has to be able to move the sails, as well as use a rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go.
● Find sailing near you.
The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely, with the help of experienced sailing coaches. 　48． 　 Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group.
● Prepare for your lesson.
As a beginner, your lesson will start on land. You'll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. 　49． 　It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry easily.
● 　50． 　
Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you're on the dock (码头). Don't go near a boat or take one out unless your parents agree, and never sail or swim alone.
A. Stay safe.
B. Here's how to get started.
C. You should begin on a small boat made for kids.
D. The lesson should also provide most of what you need to sail.
E. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you.
【答案】46．B；47．C；48．E；49．D；50．A
【知识点】任务型阅读；体育竞技类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 本文介绍了划船是一项很好的锻炼，及其如何开始划船的四个步骤。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
46．根据前句With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them.(只要一些课程和练习，你就可以成为他们中的一员。)及其后文的四个步骤，可知说的是如何开始，结合选项，应说"下面是如何开始。"故选B。
47．根据后句It works like any sailboat— with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward.(它的工作原理就像任何帆船一样——有帆可以抓住风并推动船前进。)可知说的是建造小船，结合选项，应说"你应该从一艘为孩子们建造的小船开始。"故选C。
48．根据后句Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group.(然后让你的父母打电话给他们，了解他们为你这个年龄段的孩子提供了什么课程或训练营。)可知说的是找到一个俱乐部，结合选项，应说"首先，找到帆船俱乐部，在你附近寻找青少年课程。"故选E。
49．根据前句Prepare for your lesson.(为你的课做准备。)可知说的是做准备，结合选项，应说"这堂课也应该提供你航行所需的大部分东西。"故选D。
50．根据后句Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you're on the dock(码头).(记住，即使在码头上，也要在水上或靠近水面的地方穿救生衣。)可知说的是注意安全，结合选项，应说"保持安全。"故选A。
五、补全对话：根据情景提示，用英语完成下列各题。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
51．（2023·福建） 上课前老师对你说"Good afternoon."时，你可以这样应答：
【答案】Good afternoon
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示： Good afternoon. 下午好，可知你应该同样应答：下午好，英文表达： Good afternoon.
【点评】考查情景交际。掌握常用的日常用语。
52．（2023·福建） 你看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功时，会这样赞叹：
【答案】How great China is!
【知识点】情景交际；how引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示， 看到神舟十六号载人飞船发射成功时 ，可知你会这样的感叹：中国是中国，China，专有名词；be，连系动词；多么，how；副词；伟大的，great！由句意是一般现在时的感叹句，对形容词感叹，how+形容词+主语+谓语动词+其他！主语China，专有名词，be用is。故答案为： How great China is!
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所给的语境，确定正确的句子，由句子的种类，从而确定句子的结构。
53．（2023·福建） 你想询问对方的健康情况，可以这样问：
【答案】How are you feeling
【知识点】情景交际；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：根据 询问对方的健康情况，可知可以这样问：你感觉怎么样？你，作主语，用主格you；感觉，动词feel；怎么样how。由句意可知，表示现在的感觉，用现在进行时be+现在分词，主语you，非第三人称单数，be要用are，feel的现在分词feeling。故答案为：How are you feeling!
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所给的语境，确定正确的句子，由句子的种类，从而确定句子的结构。
54．（2023·福建） 朋友问你"Would you like tea or coffee "时，你可以这样应答：
【答案】I'd/I would like tea/coffee.
【知识点】情景交际；情态动词；肯定陈述句
【解析】【分析】根据所给的问句Would you like tea or coffee 你愿意喝茶还是喝咖啡？表示征求意见。可知可以这样的应答：我愿意喝茶或咖啡。我，作主语，用主格I；愿意，would like，动词短语；茶，tea，不可数名词；咖啡，coffee，不可数名词。I would like=I'd like.故答案为I'd/I would like tea/coffee.
【点评】考查情景交际。根据所做的问句，确定正确的答语。
55．（2023·福建） 你对自己所做的事情感到抱歉时，可以这样说：
　 　 for what I did
【答案】I'm sorry
【知识点】情景交际；表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】根据所给的语境提示： 你对自己所做的事情感到抱歉时，可以这样说 ：我为我所做的事情感到抱歉。我，作主语，用主格I，为……道歉，be sorry for...，由句意可知，表示现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语I，非第三人称单数，be用am。故填 I'm sorry。
【点评】考查情景交际。根据语境和中英文提示，写出正确的句子。
六、补全对话：根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
56．（2023·福建） now　 　
【答案】The girl is cooking now.
【知识点】主谓一致；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词的提示，可知用"那个女孩正在做饭。"描述。女孩，girl，可数名词，此处用定冠词the表示特指，位于句首要大写；做饭，cook，动词；now，现在，谓语动词用现在进行时，be(am/is/are)+现在分词，主语 the girl，可数名词单数，be要用is，cook现在分词cooking，故答案为 The girl is cooking now.
【点评】考查图片完成句子。根据所给的图片和词的提示，确定正确句意，写出正确的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
57．（2023·福建） next Sunday　 　
【答案】The boy is going to fly a kite next Sunday.
【知识点】主谓一致；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词的提示，可知用"这个男孩下星期天要放风筝。"描述。男孩，boy，可数名词，此处表示特指，用定冠词the，位于句首要大写；放风筝，fly a kite，固定短语；next Sunday下星期天，可知谓语动词要用一般将来时be going to+动词原形，主语the boy，可数名词单数，be用is。故答案为 The boy is going to fly a kite next Sunday.
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据所给的图片和短语，确定正确的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
58．（2023·福建） have, yesterday　 　
【答案】We had fish yesterday.
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词汇，可知用"我们昨天吃了鱼肉。"我们，作主语，用主格we，位于句首要大写；have，吃，动词；鱼肉，fish，不可数名词；yesterday昨天，谓语动词用一般过去时，have的过去式had。故答案为 We had fish yesterday.
【点评】考查看图片写句子。根据所给的图片和所给词，确定描述的句子，同时注意时态。
59．（2023·福建） long, of all　 　
【答案】Lily's ruler is the longest of all.
【知识点】最高级的一般句式；表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和词汇，可知用"莉莉的尺子是在所有(尺子) 中最长的。"Lily's，莉莉的，名词所有格，修饰名词作定语；尺子，ruler，可数名词，此处用单数；是，be；长的，long，形容词，最长的，longest，最高级，其前用定冠词the；of all，在所有……中。由句意可知陈述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语ruler，可数名词单数，be用is。故答案为： Lily's ruler is the longest of all.
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据图片和所给的词汇，确定描述的句子，注意时态和主谓一致。
60．（2023·福建） important　 　
【答案】It's important to plant trees.
【知识点】表示主语具备的能力、性格、特征；主谓一致；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】根据所给的图片和所给的词，可知用"植树很重要。"植树，plant trees，固定短语；是，be，连系动词；important重要的，形容词。由句意可知，用不定式作真正的主语，用it作形式主语，be用is，故答案为：It's important to plant trees. 。
【点评】考查看图写句子。根据所给的图片和词，确定正确的句子，同时主语时态和主谓一致。
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2023·福建）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Niejiazhuang Village in Weifang is famous for colored clay sculpture handicraft (泥塑手工艺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. The Weifang government has 　61． 　 (encourage) local people to learn traditional handicraft and make more money to get rid of poverty(脱贫).
Nie Peng 　62． 　 (be) a young villager in Niejiazhuang. He is crazy about clay sculpture handicraft. He began learning it from his father when he was 　63． 　 child. He has led lots of young craftsmen (手艺人) in and near 　64． 　 (he) village to make colored clay sculptures and the handicraft has become an important way for local people to get 　65． 　 (rich) than before.
The tiger is a typical subject for colored clay sculptures. Nie 　66． 　 (start) to learn to make clay tigers in 2010, the Year of the Tiger. Over these years, he has seen the development of the art form. 　67． 　 first, the clay tigers were all of the same small size. Now there are tigers of different 　68． 　 (size) and the largest can be over two meters tall. The tigers used to be colored pink and green, but now have become more colorful.
Today Nie cares for the future of clay sculpture handicraft 　69． 　 encourages young craftsmen to create more works. He 　70． 　 (real) hopes that the sculpture handicraft will be passed down to the next generation.
【答案】61．encouraged；62．is；63．a；64．his；65．richer；66．started；67．At；68．sizes；69．and；70．really
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意： 主要讲述了山东潍坊的传统工艺泥塑以及泥塑传承人聂鹏的故事。
【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词，时态以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。
61．句意：潍坊政府鼓励当地人学习传统工艺品，多赚钱脱贫。分析句意可知，主语和动词之间是主动关系，根据空前has的提示可知，句子应用现在完成时，have/has 过去分词，encourage的过去分词是encouraged。故填：encouraged。
62．句意：聂鹏是聂家庄的一位年轻村民。根据上下文语境可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语Nie Peng是人名，故be应用is。故填：is。
63．句意：他小时候就开始向父亲学习。根据句意可知，空处表示泛指，且child以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。故填：a。
64．句意：他带领村里及附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩色泥塑，这项工艺已成为当地人致富的重要途径。空处的词修饰名词作定语，故应用形容词性的物主代词his"他的"。故填：his。
65．句意：他带领村里及附近的许多年轻工匠制作彩色泥塑，这项工艺已成为当地人致富的重要途径。根据空格前有连系动词get"变得"，和空后than的提示可知，空处的形容词应用比较级richer"更富裕"。故填：richer。
66．句意：聂从2010年，虎年开始学习制作泥老虎。根据时间状语in 2010，the Year of the Tiger可知，句子应用一般过去时，故动词start应用过去式started。故填：started。
67．句意：起初，这些泥老虎都是同样小的体型。at first"起初"，固定短语，句首首字母大写。故填：At。
68．句意：有不同大小的老虎，最大的可达两米多高。size"大小"，可数名词，因之前有different修饰，故名词应用复数形式sizes。故填：sizes。
69．句意：今天，聂关心泥塑工艺的未来，鼓励年轻的工匠创作更多的作品。分析前后句句意可知，空处的连词表示并列关系，故应用and"和"，连接。故填：and。
70．句意：他真地希望雕塑工艺能传给下一代。分析句子结构可知，空处的词是修饰动词，故应用副词作状语，形容词real的副词为really"真地"。故填：really。
八、书面表达（满分15分）
71．（2023·福建） 某地"美丽乡村（Beautiful Village）"项目吸引了不少外宾，暑假期间需要数名擅长英语的小导游。假定你是李华，希望成为其中的一员。请你结合以下表格提示，给该项目的外事负责人王先生写一封英文自荐信。词数80左右。
What kind of person you are friendly, active…
What you are good at speak English, tell stories…
What you can do introduce local culture, help foreigners…
注意事项：
●必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
●意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；
●请勿在文中使用真实姓名、校名和地名。
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Li Hua. I am glad to know that you are in need of some tour guides. I'd like to be one of them. I think I am suitable for the job.
First of all, I am friendly and patient. I am active in many activities. Besides, I speak English well and have won several prizes in English speaking competitions. I am also good at telling stories. So I can introduce local culture to foreigners in English. Most importantly, I have visited the beautiful village many times and I can help foreigners better understand the life of the village.
I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】应用文写作；提纲作文；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类应用文作文。主要以一般现在时和第一人称为主通过三段式介绍：开头，介绍自己想成为"美丽乡村"项目的英语小导游；具体阐述自己具备的品质和擅长做的事；最后书写结尾，再次表达希望成为小导游中的一员。写作中应适当使用连词。做到上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。
【点评】文章中使用了非常好的短语或句子会给文章增色。①be suitable for适合于.…...② introduce sth to sb向某人介绍某物③Most importantly最重要的是 。①I think I am suitable for the job.(省略that的宾语从句)②I would be thankful if I could be given the chance.(if引导的条件状语从句）还运用了first of all，besides，so等使上下文衔接的更好。
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